TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

ESTIMATED COST

Trainer/managerial cost

Training programs, materials and equipment RM10, 000

setup by the vendors

Location rented for the use of the training RM300X2days=RM600

program

(Conference room rented outside of the

organization)

Hotel accommodation RM300X5personX2days=RM3, 000

Managerial cost for employees who was absent Supervisor (RM1, 500÷30days=RM50)
for the
Training program (3 supervisors and 2 Manager (RM3, 000÷30days=RM100)
managers)

Trainer’s fee RM550X3personX2days=RM3, 000

(RM100X2persons) + (RM50X3persons)
=RM350X2days=RM700

Food and beverages provided RM100X5personsX2days=RM1, 000

Trainee cost

Hotel accommodation RM250X3personX2days=RM1, 500

Food and beverages provided RM100X3personsX2days=RM700

TOTAL ESTIMATED COST RM21, 650

The estimated cost for the whole training program is RM21, 650.

1
BODY

TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSIS

Training needs analysis is a process used to determine gaps or needs in the performance by

defining what is expected and what already existed. Training is one of the expensive procedures

that must occur during the process of organizational development. If training must be conduct,

then it must consider the four main factors which are how the problem areas identified, obtaining

the management commitment, obtaining data for effective evaluation and determine the cost-

benefit ration of the training.

Techniques and steps of analysis

DIF or Difficult, Importance and frequency will be used, it contains 13 steps originally but due to

some circumstances, some will be used only.

1. Identifying products

Mistakes made by supervisors during operations cause the operation to be suspended and

Schedules plan cannot be made in time. These problems that happened have caused major

loss to organizations. Goals made by organizations are to minimize the suspension rate of

the organizations from 8-13 times to only 1-4times per month. However, mistakes have

yet to cease and are still increasing that indirectly causes supervisors to fear of making

decisions and planning as more mistakes will occur.

2. Charting the flow chart

By dividing the workload into 4 groups which is planning, scheduling and directing,

monitoring, identifying and maintaining.

2
3. Tasks in automobile operation

1.Selects and assigns staff, ensuring equal employment opportunity in hiring and

promotion.

2. Coordinates activities by scheduling work assignments, setting priorities, and directing

the work of subordinate employees.

3. Evaluates and verifies employee performance through the review of completed work

assignments and work techniques.

4. Identifies staff development and training needs and ensures that training is obtained.

5. Ensures proper labor relations and conditions of employment are maintained.

6. Maintains records, prepares reports, and composes correspondence relative to the

work.

7. Plans, directs, and supervises the preparation and production of car, and the proper use

of equipment in a safe and sanitary environment.

8. Requisitions and purchases supplies for car production.

9. Verifies delivered car supplies for quantity and quality.

10. Supervises car storage and maintains inventory control.

11. Directs the overall sanitation procedures for conformity to prescribed policies,

procedures, and regulations.

12. Coordinates and supervises car service personnel in the proper distribution

13.Conducts audits according to agency guidelines to ensure car service quality,

environmental safety, and infection control.

14. Develops and enforces policies and procedures.

15. Directs the planning of work schedules.

3
 16. Reviews staffing patterns to ensure proper assignments.

17. Approves work schedules.

18. Develops budget recommendations.

19. Estimates supplies and equipment costs to maintain budgetary control.

20. Oversees equipment maintenance.

21. Requests equipment repairs or replacement.

22. Substitutes for lower-level workers as needed.

23. Performs related work as assigned.

Scheduling, Planning and Directing

1.Selects and assigns staff, ensuring equal employment opportunity in hiring and

promotion.

2. Coordinates activities by scheduling work assignments, setting priorities, and directing the

work of subordinate employees.

3. Plans, directs, and supervises the preparation and production of automobile, and the proper use

of equipment in a safe and sanitary environment.

4. Directs the overall sanitation procedures for conformity to prescribed policies, procedures, and

regulations.

5. Directs the planning of work schedules.

6. Develops budget recommendations.

7. Substitutes for lower-level workers as needed.

8. Performs related work as assigned.

4
Monitoring

1.Ensures proper labor relations and conditions of employment are maintained.

2. Conducts audits according to agency guidelines to ensure automobile service quality,

environmental safety, and infection control.

3. Review staffing patterns to ensure proper assignments.

4. Oversees equipment maintenance.

Identifying

1.Evaluates and verifies employee performance through the review of completed work

assignments and work techniques.

2. Identifies staff development and training needs and ensures that training is obtained.

3. Approve work schedules.

4. Estimates supplies and equipment costs to maintain budgetary control.

Maintaining

1.Maintain records, prepares reports, and composes correspondence relative to the

work.

2. Requisition and purchase of supplies for automobile production.

3. Verifies delivered automobile supplies for quantity and quality.

4. Supervises automobile storage and maintains inventory control.

5. Coordinates and supervises automobile service personnel in the proper distribution.

6. Develop and enforce policies and procedures.

7. Request for equipment repairs or replacement.

5
 Planning,
8
Scheduling and
7 Directing
6 Monitoring
5
4
3 Identifying
2
1
Maintaing
0
Tasks

4. Identifying the key areas, as seen in the chart the key areas was focused on the work

groups of planning, scheduling and directing work groups and maintaining work groups

due to the workloads, high responsibility and important as it affects the success of the

operations.

5. Organizational structure, in the organization there are three different positions in the

operation which is the manager, supervisor and worker. The organizational structure is

flat as it shows that the authority and tasks of managers and supervisors are closely

related. Therefore if training occurred between managers and supervisors, both must

participate.

6. The suspension of operations that occurred was because the supervisors made a mistake.

From the predictions of the management, the probability of operations suspension may be

caused by mistakes such as the selection of staff process, report maintaining, purchases of

supplies for automobile production, direction of the working schedules, equipment

repairs or replacements.

6
 7. Selecting respondents, the major tasks of supervisor was predicted to be the main causes

of the suspension of operations. Therefore, supervisor will be send to the training. In

addition, some competent managers will also be sent so that they are experienced in

training another rounds supervisor which faces the same problems.

Schedule for the whole training process

Time Day 1 Time Day 2

9am Arrival 8:30-9:30am Breakfast

10am-12pm Training Program I 10am-12pm Exam

12:30-1:30pm Lunch 12:30-1:30pm Lunch

2-4pm Training Program II 2-4pm Results Ceremony

4:30-6pm Free Time 4:30pm Departure

6:30-7:30pm Dinner

8-10pm Training Program III

10:30pm-8am Rest

The activities or time that was not in the schedule are the participants and trainers’ free time. The

schedule was made according to the assumptions made by Dunn and Dunn that have learned that

optimal times for learning fall into four categories.

• 30% of the population learns best in the morning hours. These people are the ones that

wake up and are ready to absorb new information.

• 30% of the population learns best in the afternoon. They come to life after lunch.

• 30% of the population learns best in the evening. We refer to them as "night owls."

7
 • 10% show no preference. They seem to learn whenever it is necessary to learn.

(educationalissues, 2010)

TRAINING PROGRAMS

Training Program I

Date 1/3/2010
Monday

Type of training Decision making training

Objective Understanding the psychological type, type of

inventories used to determine preferences and
decision making Vs problem solving

Period 10am-12pm

Learning steps 1. Test will be given to test the behavior and

types of participants which included in
dividing to two groups, people who take in
information either through their senses or by
intuition and people who organize information
either by thinking or by feeling.
(www.personalityquiz.net)
2. Explain that there are four types of
inventories which is extroversion Vs
introversion, sensing Vs intuition, thinking Vs
feeling and judging Vs perceiving. These four
types can be combined in various ways to
produce a total of 16 psychological types.
3. Senses that can be uses for decision making
will also be explained such as sensing,
intuition, thinking and feeling.

4. Give case studies for participants to help

them to understand the decision making styles
and attributes.
5. Explain of the ethical decision making and
problem solving.
6. How to make decision in an emergency.

Learning equipment & materials Handouts and notes about decision making
8
 provided

Audio and visual Projector used to show video and slides about
the training program

Training Program II

Date 1/3/2010
Monday

Type of training Consultation training

Objective To know how to ensure effective and

meaningful consultation and using consultation
in overcoming the fears of making decisions

Period 2-4pm

Learning steps 1. Value and the Objective: consider the full

range of objectives to be fulfilled and the
values implicated by your action.
2. Set of Actions: Thoroughly consider a wide
range of possible alternative courses of action.
The above decision-making process includes
the study of identifying and choosing
alternatives based on the values and
preferences of the decision-maker. Therefore
making a decision implies that there are
alternative choices to be considered, and in
such a case we want not only to identify as
many of these alternatives as possible but to
choose the one that best fits with our goals,
desires, lifestyle, values, and so on.

1. Evaluate the Consequences: Carefully

weigh whatever you know about the
costs and risks of negative as well as
positive consequences that could flow
from each alternative.
2. Gathering Information: Intensively
search for new information relevant to
further evaluation of the alternatives.
Information can be classified as explicit
9
 and tacit forms. The explicit
information can be explained in
structured form, while tacit information
is inconsistent and fuzzy to explain.
Decision-making process must include
the reduction of uncertainty and doubt
about the uncontrollable inputs. This
can be achieved by gathering reliable
information.
3. Information Processing: Correctly
assimilate and take account of any new
information or expert judgment, even
when the information does not support
the course of action initially preferred.
4. Action Assessment: Re-examine
positive and negative consequences of
known alternatives, including those
originally regarded as unacceptable,
before making a final decision.
3. Implementation of Your Decision: Make
detailed provisions for implementing and
executing the chosen course of action,
including contingency plans for known risks
and adjustments. The art of life is a constant
readjustment to our situation. The decision-
maker must have a set of contingent decisions
at this stage. These are decisions that have been
made but put on hold until some condition is
met.

Learning equipment & materials Handouts and notes about consultation training
provided

Audio and visual Projector used to show video and slides about
the training program

Training Program III

Date 1/3/2010
Monday

Type of training Recall training

Objective To memorizing a certain activity and make

sure trainees will be able to recall back what
10
 have been learn and will be able identify
various objects and specific procedure of their
job so that it would help to speed up their
works without delay

Period 8-10pm

Learning steps 1. Lecture will be given by the trainer to all the

trainees to guide them to recall their job scope
in a short amount of time. This will include the
step by step procedures of specific jobs,
information of procedure to obtain that trainees
encounter daily.
2. Demonstration of specific procedure and
various objects will be given by trainer and
demonstrate how to use certain tools to aid
trainees to master their job scope and to recall
their daily works.
3. Trainees will be given practice sessions by
using real objects, procedures process or
picture to recall on the combination of lecture
and demonstration under certain job aid and
guide of trainers.
4. Trainees will be dividing into four groups,
two groups will recall what the early lecture is
about and the other group will recall the
demonstration of specific procedure and
various to the other.
5. Card game will be given to trainees which is
related to memorizing names of various
objects, remembering specific procedure, uses
of certain tools to test the level of recall of
trainees.

6. Group with highest score will compete with

other group until there is one group becomes
the winner.
At the end of the training program, the trainees
will be able to finish their job procedures for a
certain task like counting stocks in less than 10
minutes time with less than 2% error in calm
condition.

Learning equipment & materials Handouts and notes about recall training,
demonstration tools, training objects and cards
11
 used for the card game provided

Audio and visual Projector used to show video and slides about
the training program

After all the training programs have been conducted on the 1st day, there will be an exam about

all the training programs for the trainees on the next day. After the exam is finished, a results

ceremony will be held to present the evaluation score of the exam to the trainees. The exam was

conducted in order to show whether the trainees have actually learnt about the important factors

and the objective of the training programs. The trainees can utilize knowledge gained from the

training programs to help them improve their job productivity and performance.

REFERENCES

-Best Time of Day to Learn: Worst and Best Times of the Day, viewed 3 February 2010,

<http://educationalissues.suite101.com/article.cfm/best_time_of_day_to_learn>

-Personality profiles: All tests, viewed 5 February

2010,<http://www.personalityquiz.net/index.htm>

12