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OFFICE AT 606 R. K.

MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :


6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9835508812

Centre of Mass,
Linear Momentum Collision
9.1. m1 =1k9, m2 =2kg, mg =3kg 16x 0 + 1x (- 0.96x 10-10 sin 52')
x1 -0 x2 =7 x3 =1 + 1 x 0.96 10-10 sin 52o
2 " =0
1+1+16
mtlt+m2l 2+mgl3
Jcm-
m1+m2+mg
16x 0 + 2x O.96, 10-10 cos 52o
1+1+16
2x 0.96r, 10-10 cos 52o
= 6.4x 10-12 m
18

lt =o lz =o y3
The position of centre of mass is
n r, _ (m1x1 + m2x2 + m3x3)
m1 +m2 +mg '
_(mtyt+mzyz+msys)
m1+m2+mg
9.3. Let '0' (0, 0) be the origin of the system
( (1x0)+(2x1)+(3x1l2) Each brick is of mass 'M and.length 'L'
=[.
7+2+3 ' Each brick is displaced with respect to one in contact
(1x0) +(2x0)+3x(J3/2) .L
,, -10
bv-
l+2+3
The X coordinate of the centre of mass
mL ml(t_+- r)l+ml(t_+_3r\l+ml(L
_+_3r\
2
-+ \2 L0) \Z 10) tZ 10)
|

9.2. (t
+ml _+_sL__r,\l+ ml _+_r\l+ ml/r\
_
(L
\2 10 to) tz 10)
|

x.,n \2)
zmL
10
LLLLL3LLLL
-+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_
22105210252
LL
+-+_
m1 = 16 kg, Xl =yl =0 Xcm = 102
m2 =1k9, x2 = - 0.96 x 10-10 sin 52o m,
xg = 0.96, 10-ro sin 52o m,
m3 =1kg, !z = - 0.96 x 10-10 cos 52o
!3 = - 0.96 x 10-10 cos 52o
m1x1 +m2x2+mgxg
''u-u -
rft1 +m2*mg

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OFFICE AT 606 R. K. MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :
6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Collision
Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9835508812

zL-+sL*zL 2?L
C.M. is at I3 from the centre of bigger disc away from
-'2'"10'-5- centre of the hole.
9.4. Let the centre of the bigger disc be the origin 9.6. Let m be the mass per unit area
2R = Radius ofbigger disc Mass of the square plate = b\ = 6'2^

R = Radius of smaller disc Mass of the circular disc = Mr'4=nd'


^
mr=pRxTxp Let the centre of the circular disc be the origin of the
n2=m(2R)2 xTxP system

where T = Thickness of the two disces


xt=d h =0
x2=0 !2=0
P = Density of the two disces
Position of centre of mass
Position of the centre of mass
a2ma+x@,2/4)mxo o+o')
_(^r*, + m2x2 m1!1 + m2!2
-{. ,,r.*
=lm'mr+m2)
(

mt+m,
Il=R h=O ={ - o'* ,ol=f 4d,,ol
12 =0 !z=o [d2m it x/$' ) \r 4' )
+ +

( *2rpn*o o The new centre of mass


# risht to the centre of
i, (n+4)
)
tr"4'rt *m'-m1
+^ 1 circular disc.

=[#ffi,')=(+,, 9.7. mr = 1.0 kg Vr = (- 1.5 cos 37'i 1.5 sin 31"-i)


mz =l.2kg Vz =O.4j
ms = 1.5 kg V3 = - 1.0 cos 37" ? + 1.0 sin 37" j
m+ = 0.50 kg Y+ = 3.0 ?
ms = 1.0 kg vs = 2.0cos 37o 7 - z.o sin 37' J
t,'cm l7l1v1 * m2v2 mgV3 + m4r4 + m5v5
+
-
m1 +m2 */l?3 *m4+m5
et {5 fro- Oe centre of bigger disc towards the centre
of smaller dis". - (.
1.of-1.s, 1 ? - r.s'
s il + 7.2x o.4i
:s')
Irt 0'be the origin of the system
* Ls( -!) s -)
R = radius of the smaller disc
2R = radius of the bigger disc
I s'*s])
= O.2ANs at 45o below the direction towards right.
The smaller disc is cut out from the bigger disc
Two masses m1 and m2 are placed on the X-axis
From the figure
mr = 10 kg, mz =20k9
m1 =pR2Tp, xl =R, /l =0 The first mass is displaced by distance of 2 cm
fr2 =tc(la2)fp, x2 =O, !2 =0 tn1x1 + tn2x2 70x 2x 20x2
Position of C.M.
"cm -
m1 +m2 30
(r- *2rpn+om2 o+o ')
| + ,_2O+20x2
* 30
l.- nn'rp + x (?R)2 Tp'
^r ^, ) 20+2Ox2=Q
_ *2fen. ol ! = 2O=-2Oxz
=(
I snn2ro '-";= 3
- =
x2=-7
=)

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OFFICE AT 606 R. K. MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :
6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Gollision Ph.: 0651 -9.3
2562523,
9835508812

.'. Second mass should be displaced by a distance 1 cm


towards left so as to kept the position of centre of mass
unchanged.
9.9. Two mass e anh m2 are kept in a vertical line
ml = 10 kg, mz =30k9 lrni -n'll
The first block is raised through a height of 7 cm.
The centre of mass is raised by 1 cm. n(nz2 -
n?)
2
Lrl
. r _mtlt * tn2 * yz _10x7 + 30 + lz a (R? + R1R2 + R221
m1+m2 40
3n (R1 + R2)
_74+30xy2 9.\2. m1 = 60 kg, mz = 40kg, mg =50k9
40
LetA be the origin of the system.
Initially Mr. Verma and Mr. Mathus are at extreme
position of the boat.

+ 70+30y2=49
30Y2 = - 39

Distance of the centre of mass


60x0+40x2+50x4 280
150
=-150
= !2=-7 When they come to the midpoint 8 boat the CM lies at
The 30 kg body should be displaced 1 cm. 2 m from'A'.
Downward in order to raise the centre of mass Shiftin CM =2-7.87 =0.13mright.
through 1 cm.
9.13. Let the bob fall at'A'the mass of bob = m.
9.1O. As there is gravity free, after the ice melts, it would
tend to acquire a spherical shape. But, there is no mass of ca;tt = M
external force acting no the system. So, the centre of Initially their centre of mass will be at a distance (from
mass of t}te system would not move. P)

lvd^ mxL+Mx0 m f
9.11. Jr'cm = M+m M+m M

or dm=
i
Mnrdr
- M
- Rl)
rClr
When, the bob falls in the slot the CM is
at a distance 'O'from P. Q P

d
n(Rzz -Rr2) (Rz' mL
IL
Shiftin CM=O-
-2 M +m
R2
( zr\ M rdr
?
mL
i.;i - --::::-
@7 -^h n
Jy'cm = J = towards left
R1
., mL
= ---r- towards nsht
M +m
But there is no external force in horizontal direction.
So the cart displaces a distance -d- 16*6rds right.
M
= +m
9.14. Initially the monkey and balloon are at rest
So, the C.M. is at ?'
When the monkey descends through a distance L the
c.m. will shift
mxLrMx0
60kg 40kg 50kg r0 -
M +m
=M*L
+m
from P
F-4m--+

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OFFICE AT 606 R. K. MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :
6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Gollision
Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9.4 9835508812

through a dislxnsg
il-
So, the balloon descends
" -(M+m) '
-

9.15. Let the mass of the two particles be ntlt tnz


respectively
m1 =1kg, m=4kg
According to question

(1)*'"' =(l)^"" 1.67 xlA-27 xVp =1.4* L0-26 a 6.4xLO-27


q u22
= ZO.4 x LO-27
m2
-=- utZ
v2W
-
vr lrz
-=
t-

+ tty W
;;= I ^,
Now,
,rllvl m1 W - 1

^ru= ^r l^, 2

+ I?11V1 _r .o
-L.-
m2v2
9.16. As uranium 238 nucleus emits, o-particle with a speed
of 1.4x 107 m/sec
(b) The electron and antineutrino are ejected
perpendicular to each other
Let v2 be the speed of the residual nucleus thorium
Total momentum of electron and antineutrino
234.
ltl1v1 = ltl2V2 = + (6.4)2 * LO-27 kg-m/s
^16$2
3 4x 1.4x 107 = 234x v2 vtp-- 15.4x 10-27 kg.m/sec
'1
4x l.4x 107 kg
7.6TxtO-27
Va =-
' 234 VP =9'2m/s
=2.4x 105 m/sec 9.19. Mass of rrlsr =M
9.17. rft1v1 = ttl21t2 Initial velocitY = g
+ 50x1.8=gylQ24xv2 Mass of bag= m
Irt the man throws the bag towards left with a
= 15 x 1o-24 m/sec
', = ## velocity v
So, there is no external force in the horizontal
= 1.5 x 10-23 m/sec direction.
So, the earth will recoil at a speed of The momentum will be conserved
1.5 x 10-23 m,/sec Lct he goes right with a velocitY
lnlt =W
9.18. Mass of proton L.67 x to-27 kg + V =(mv/M)
Iret"Vo" be the velocitY of Proton + v =(W/m) "'(i)
Given, momentum of electron Irt the total time he will take to reach ground
=1.4x to-26 kg m,/sec W =u
={7
and momentum of antineutrino
=6.4x10-27 kg m/sec I,et the total time he will take to reach the height
(a) The electron and the antineutrino are ejected in . E@-6
the same direction
As the total momentum is conserved the proton
!="= { ,
Then the time of his flYing
should be ejected in the opposite direction.

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OFFICE AT 606 R. K. MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :
6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Collision Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9.5
9835508812

=tl -t2
2Ir 2(H -h)
=f!).o, e -[- ! e)
=
g I
I
^P
I
\r/ 1. r---
"o, i
=,Pdr-.1n-nl -[rJ-"""
=[ft.).o, e
Yg
within this time he reaches the ground in the pond 9.22. ?s the block is exploded only due to its internal
energy. So, net, external force during this process is 0.
covering a horizontal distance
:) So the centre of mass will not ghange. Let the body
x=Vxt while exploded was at t}re origin of the co-ordinate
V=! system. If the two bodies of equal mass is moving at a
t speed of 10 m/s in + x and + y axis direction
Mx
l)=--=-X
M Ji respectively, then their resultant will move with
mt m Jl tJu -,[u7t velocity
As there is no external force in horizontal dlrection, fio'-;10t+ 21o.10 cos 90' =loJi m/s 45o
the x-coordinate of CM will remain at that position

Q=
Mx(x)*fl+x1 If the centre of mass o
which have equal mass "r
r#t:fffffiffi:
then wo will move in the
M +m
opposite direction (i.e. 135-with respect + x-axis) of
+ *, M
=i_, the resultant at the same velocity lN2 m/s
9.23. Since the spaceship is removed from any material
.'. The bag will reach the bottom at a distanc" fgl . object and totally isolated from surrounding, the mass
\ml loss by astornauts couldn't slip away from the
towards left of the line it falls. spaceship. So the total mass of the spaceship remain
9.20. Mass = 50 g = 0.05 kg unchanged and also its velocity.
9.24.d=1cxr, v =20 m/s,
v = (2cos 45o) ? - Z rir, +S" j u = O, p = 900 kg,/m3 = 0.9 gmlcm3
1/L = -2 cos 45o I i - Z tit +S' volume =l,1] nr' =1 n (0.5)3 = 0.5238 crn3
1.3,,l 3
(a) Change in momentu* = #, - ri,
mass = vp = 0.5238 x 0.9 = 0.4774258 gn

= o.o5 (2 cos 45o i - z rir, 4s j)


mass of 2000 halistoe = 2000 x 0.4774
=947.857
- 0.05 (- 2 cos 45" i - z sin +5' j) rate of change of momentum per unit area
=947.857 x 2000
= 0.1 cos 45" j -0.1 sin 45" ? + 0.1 cos 45'? = 19 N/m2
+ 0.1 sin 45'l
= 0.2 cos 45.1
Magnitude =92 =9'394 = o'14 kg m/sec
^lz 2 Ulst
G) The change in magnitude of the momentum of the
ball <l-

Total force exerted = 19 x 100 = 1900 N


1i z I -l 7, I= 2x 0.5- 2x 0.5 = 0 9.25. Aball of mass m is droped onto a floor from a ceftain
9.21. height let'h'
v1 = Jffi, Yl =0
Pir,.id"n
"
=[*)*"?-[*)sinei 1'2=-'{Z4hand 12 =0
Rate of change of velocity :

. _n* 2Jzsh
PReflected = -[*)cos e? -[1)'r, e ; t
The change in momenr.rm will be only in the x-axis
v =.124h, s=h, u=0
direction i.e., = Jffi =gt

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OFFICE AT 606 R. K. MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :
6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,

Gentre of Mass, Linear Momentum Gollision


Ranchi -1
Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9.6 9835508812

L
W
t-
v =( *u )towards rigtrt
+ m)
-
\l g \M
Case-II
Total time =2 ^W When the man on the right jumps, the velocity of it
\lg with respect to the car is u.
mx 2
p =---=!:--
^[?.s.h
=mg O =tnu -W2
^ l2h
- z-l- ,,2 mu
\l g =r=T
9.26. Arailroad car of mass M is at rest on frictionless rails (V is the change in velocity of the platform -when
when a man of mass m starts moving on the car iUtfot itself ii taken as reference assuming the car
towards the engine. The car recoils with a speed v to be at rest)
backward on the rails. .'. So, net velocity towards left (i'e' the velocity of the
Let the mass is movingwith a velocityxwith respect to car with resPect to the earth)
the engine. mu
The velocity of the mass with respect to earth is M - (M+m)
=fru
(x - v) towards right. + m?u-Ymu
Vcm = 0 (InitiallY at rest) -mMu
M(M+m)
-0--MY+m(x-v) *2u
:+ Mv=m(x-v) =M(M*^)
mx--Mv +mv
= m which is started with
+ * =(*
*
^], =[, * tr)'
I m / \ m)
- '- - A small block of mass
g.2g.
velocity V on the horizontal part of the bigger block of
floor'
a

mass M Placed on a horizontal


g.27.A gun is mounted on a railroad car. The mass of t}re m is started with a
Since the small body of mass
.ui ttt. gun, the shells and the operator is 50 mwhere velocity V in the horizontal direction, so the total
m is the mass of one shell. The muzzle velocity of the
shells is 200 m,/s.
initial momentum at the initial position in the
horizontal bigger block in the horizontal direction'
Initial V.- = 0
From L.C.K. m.
O=49mxV+mx200 mv+MxO=(m+M)V
+ y =_z9l! ws
49 v= fru
m+M
200
fi mzstowards left
9.3O. Mass of the bugghi = 200 kg Va = 10 km'/hour
Mass of the boY = 2.5 Lt
When another shell is fired, then the velocity of the
car, with resPect to the Platform is and VBoy =4kny'hour
If we take the boy a bugghi as a system then total
+ v =209 m/stowards left
49 momentum before the process of sining will remain
constant after the process of sitting
When another shell is fired, then the velocity of the car
m6V6 + mboy Yboy = (m6 + m6sy ) V
with resPect to the Platform is,
+ 200x 10 + 25x 4=(200 + 25) x V
+ Y, =*49 m/stowards left
+ v =2]9-'! =4 =9'3 m/sec
225 3
verocitv earth is
"'ltre Mass of the ball q = 0.5 k8,
: ;:?TtT:T,
\.+s 49)
9.31.
' VelocitY of the ball = 5 m/s
Mass of the another'ball = m2 = 1 kg
g.z&.TWo persons eactr of mass m are standing at the two
Let it's velocitY = Y1 rVs
extremes of a railroad car of mass M resting on a
smooth track. Using law of conservation of momentum
Case-I 0'5x5+1'xv1 =6
Let the velocity of the railroad care with respect to the
Y' =-2'5
earth is V when the jumP of left man' .'. Velocity of second ball is 2'5 m/s opposite of the
O =-n1u + (M + m)V direction of motion of I'st ball'

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OFFICE AT 606 R. K. MALIK' S RANCHI CENTRE :
6TH FLOOR , NEWTON CLASSES 606, 6th Floor,
Hariom Tower,
HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Gollisidn Ph.: 0651 - 9.7
2562523,
9835508812

9.32. Mass of the rnan m1 = 60 kg


,..'
Speed of the man - v1
10 m/s = =(;)
Mass of the skater
Let its velocity = v
mz = 4A kg
= ,'=!2
60x10+0=100xy
vl =6m/s
-J'|
o=

Loss in x.n. [1') 60 x (10)2 - ] x 100 x 36 = tzoorJ 9.36. (a) Mass of block = 2 kg and speed = 2 m/ s
\2) 2 Mass of 2nd block = 2 kg
9.33. Using law of conservation of momentum Let final velocity of 2nd block = v
+ tTt2u} = m1v (t) + tn2v1
m1u1 Using law of conservation of momentum
where ? = speed of 2nd particle during collision. 2x Z=(2+ 2) _v
+ m1u1 + llllU2 = m1U1 + m1 + Y=lm,/s
(*)(vr -ur ) + m2vl Loss in K.E. in elastic collision

m2u2 =(;). 2x22 -(i),, +2)x(t)2


m2 =Itffl(v1
_u1)+vi
= m2 \Lt )
=4-2=2J
vl =tt2-^' t, (vr
-ur) o) Actual lor, =
Md*l* lott
= 1J
m2 Lt 2
9.94. Mass of the bullet = m and speed = v
Mass of the ball = M
(;), , , (z)2 -(;), , vt2 -(i)" *; =l
ml = fractional mass from the ball
= 4-Qr2 +v221=1
Using law of conservation of momentum . (1 + e2)*4 ='
my + 0-(ml * m)v7 + (M - mt)v1
-4 '- 2
vl = final velocity of the bullet + 2(7 + =g
where fractional = e12

mass
1009 1009
yl= mv-(M-m)v1
^+^L
9.35. Mass of 1st ball = m and speed = v L+e2
3

Massof 2nd ball = m 2


1
Let final velocities of 1st and 2nd ball are v1 and v2 e2
respectively 2

Using law of conservation of momentum -J2


-_ 1

m (v1 + v2) = tnv ...(i)


+ V1 *V2 =V ...(ii)
9.37. Final K.E. =0.2J

Also !1 -v2 =sv InitiatK.E.=1rr,'*0


2'
Given that final K.E. = I ir,i i"l X.E.
4 =1r0.1"u2
z
+
7':'7't31,
*-lTlVo- =-X-lTlV'
-fflVt- = 0.05 u2
2'2042
3t l?lv1 * lW2 =1nY
:+ vy2 + v22 =-1)- where v1 and v2 a;te final velocities of 1st and 2nd
4
block respectively.
(\ +vz)2 + (\ -vz)2 3.>
:) v1 *v2-u ...(1)
= =-V-
2 4 (\-vz)+e(u1 -u2)=0
(l + e2) v2 eu =vz -14 tu2 =0, ur --uI ...(2)
=2 u2 =
24 Adding equations (L) and equation (2),
ht2 =(7 + e)u

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HARIOM TOWER JEE ( MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD Circular Road,
Ranchi -1
9.8 Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Collision
Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9835508812

Case-III. When B throws the ball, then applying


", =(;) + e)
(1
L.C.L,M.
!! =t! -lO + el = ++"(?!\=-4x5+4oxv
\44)
u, =L(1 - e)
= v =7 m/ s (towards right)
Case-fV. When A catches the ball, then applying
Given, ! *L =O.2 L.C.L.M.:
^u,'
220 ^u,2 +
v12 + v22
-4x5+(-0.5)x40=44v
=4
+
44=9
=40
u m/stowards left.
:)
lo*"t'e8 -4 11
(c) Case-V. When A throws the ball, then applying
= " -uS L.C.L.M.:
++,[]9)=4x5+4oxy
For maximum value of u, denominator should be
= (1il
minimum,
= u =9402
=2 m/s (towards left)
e=0
u2 =B Case-VI. When B recieves the ball,
Then applying L.C.L.M. :
u =2 J2 m/s.
For minimum value of u, denominator should be
+ 40x1+4x5=44xy
maximum, + , =9 m,/stowards right.
€=L ,44
Case-V[. When B throws the ball,
u2 =B
Then applying L.C.L.M.
u =2m/s
9.38. + v = 44" f!9) m/ s towards left.
\44)
Case-VI[. When A catches the ball, the applying
L.C.L.M.

-4xs.40fll
\2)
=-44v

v = -!44=i'19)m/stowards
\11i
left

Similarly after 5 round trips


The velocity of A will U.[T)u"a velocity of B will be
t. 11/
Two friend A and B (each 40 kg) are sifting on a 5 m,/s.
friaion less platform some distance d a part A rolls a
ball of rnass 4 kg on the platform towards B, which I (d) Since after 6 round trip, the velocity ofa is $11 f. e.,
catches. ThenB rolls the balls towardsA andA catches
it. The ball keeps on moving back and forth betweenA
and B. The ball has a fixed velocity 5 m,/s.
(a) Case-I. Total momentum of the man A and ball
will remain constant.
0=4x5_40xv
y = 0.5 m/ s towrads left
=
(b) Case-II. WhenB catches the ball, the momentum > 5 m/s. So it can't catch the ball. So it can only roll the
between the B and the ball will remain constant. ball six time.
+ 4x5=44v (e) Let the ball and the bodyA at the initial position bc
at origin.
"
=(#)^'" xc
40x0+4x0+40xd
40+40+4

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9.9
9835508812

10
=- 6l M aVa + Msva =(Me+Mp)V
27 2x7 =4xV
.'@- :) v =(])-z*.. ...(ii)

Putting in equation (i)


g.gg.u =.l2gh veloci$ on the ground when ball
=
approach the ground
t-2xl.1)=uo*'
\4)
:+ u=^12x9.8x2
v = velocity of ball when it separates from the
l,1) = ro *,
12)
ground ,>1,
x- =-m3
2mlsec 100

*=[1)m=0.1m = 10 cm.
\ 10i
y =eU 9.42. Mass of bullet m = 0.02 kg
v=JWh2=18*9.8*1.5 Initial velocity of bullet Vr = 500 m,/sec.
Mass of block, M=10k9
Vr -_{tr.93.15
t-:=-
v5
Initial velocity of block =lJz = O
9'8x 2 2
Final velociry of bullet = 100 m,/sec = y
"l2x
g.40.K.E. of Nucleus =[f')rr, Let the final velo:city of block when the bullet emerges
\2) out, if block = yz
E2
=[1), (E/mc2\=
'
\2) zmc2
Energy ernitted by Gamma photon = E
E'
Decrease in internal energy = E * =
2mc2
9.41. Mass of each block Me =2kg
Initial velocity of the Ist block, y = 1 m,/sec Using conservation of energy

Vo =1mlsec
mv1 *Mu2=mv+Mvl
Va - U m,/sec + 0.02 x 500 = 0.02 x 100 + 10 x v2
Spring constant of the spring = 100 N/m y1 = 0.8 m/sec.
=+
The blockA strikes the spring with a velocity lm,/sec After moving a distance 0.02 m it stops.
After the collision, it's velocity decreases continuously + change in K.E. = work done
and at a instant the whole system. (Block A + the
compound spring + Block B) rnove together with a = ,-(;)x 1ox (0.8)2 =M x 1ox 1ox 0.2
cotrrmon velocity. \
Let that velocity be V, + M =0.16
Using conservation of energy, 9.43. The projected velocity = 11

The angle of projection = 0


(l)"^'^'.(i)"*; When the projectile hits the ground for the 1st time
The velocity would be the same i.e.u. here the
.(l)*,u, .(*)*,
=(*)* component of velocity parallel to ground.
^u, u cos 0 should remain constant.
(;)., (1)2 +,=(;).(;).,, .(i)x2 x 1oo But the vertical component of the projeaile
undergoes.
(when x = maximum compression of spring).
+ y=eusino
+ l-2v2=50x2 ...(i) Now for the 2nd projectile rnotion.
As there is no external force in the horizontal u = velocity of projection = l,i1u cos 0)2 + (eu sin 0)2
direction, the momentum should be conserved.
and Angle of projeaion

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9.10 Ph.:Collision
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum 0651 - 2562523,
9835508812

= cr = t3n-1 (eu sin 0/u cos 0) = tan-1 (e tan 0) So, I =vo sin t[?) + ]s sin r[?)
tanct=etan0 ...(2)
gxz sec2 av8 sin r?
y=xtanc[tan -t
c,
Because, ...(3) -
2] g

Here, y = 0, tan u, = e tan 0, sec2 a =1+ e2 tan 0 Hence the plane will hit again at a distance
I=8hsin0
and u2 =n2 cos2 o + sin2 o
"2u2 9.45. h=5m
Putting the above values in the equatiol (3).
0=45o
gr2 (1 * 12 tan2 g)
xetan0=
ztz (cos2 o + e2 sin2 o) -" =(g)
[+J
2*u2 tano (cos2 o + e2 sin2 e1 Here the velocity with which it would strike
X=
g (1 + e2 tan2 g) =v-Jzg"5=10m/sec.
After collision, let it make an angle p with horizontal'
2eu2 tan 0. cos2 e
The horizontal component of velocity 10 cos 45" will
I remain unchanged and velocity in the perpendicular
eu2 sin 20 direction to the plane after wilisine
g rr=ex10sin45o
it will fall ata (9) ,. to x 7/Ji
+ So, from the starting point O, =
\.4/
distance
= (3.75) Ji m/sec.
Similarly, vz = SJi m/sec
u=^p', *rl
= ^l7eJ25 = 8.03 m,/sec
Angle of reflection from the wall
g= tan-1 (s.7s Jb/sJ,
= tan-r [9) = rr"
sin 20 (4i
_ u2 sin 20 * eu2. sin 20 _u2 (1 + e)
ggs ) Angle ofprojection o = 90
- (e + 9)
g.44.The ball strikes the inclined plane at origin with 90-(45+37o)=$o
velocityvs = JzdE.As the ball elastically rebounds. It Let the distance where it falls =L
recalls with same velocityvg, at the same angle 0 from x=Lcos0
the normal or y-axis. Let the ball suikes the incline Angle of Projection (cr) = - Bo
second time at any point P, which is at a distance I --2 sec-
^^^2
8x- cl
from the origin along the incline. From the equation v
!=rayt*!*yi
0=vo cos0t -]S.ore12
where t is the same time of motion of ball in air which
moving from origin to P.
As r*0 so - zvs
g
Now from the equation
x =voxf *f,*rr'
+ -L sin 4 =L cos0x tan 8'-*
r=vosinet+]gsino12 2

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1
9835508812

L2 cos2 45" sec2 8o Velocity of the bullet with which it strikes


u2 u = 300 m,/sec
Let the bullet emerges-out with velocity V and the
+ - sin 45o = cos 45o. tan 8o 1o cos2 4.5o sec2 8o velocity of block v1
(8.83)2
As per law of conservation of momentum
(i)
...
mu =Mv2 * l\v ...(i)
Solving t}te above equation, we get
Again applying work-energy principle for the block
I=18.5m
9.46. Mass of block M = 2OO g = 0.20 kg <- xl---l
M',[^,1^ l^m*
Block of the particle = m =720 gm = 0.12
In the equilibrium condition, the spring is stretched by
a distance x = 1.00 cm.
= 0.01 M
after the collision,
+ A.2xg=K.x , -f+l M x (v1)2 = - M.s.h.(where h = 0.2 m)
+ 2=Kx0.01 \2)
:+ k = 200 N/M :) (4)2 =24h
The velocity with which the particle m will suike M is
given by u
\ =,lW = JN" LO =2m/sec.
Substituting the value of v1 in equation (i), we get
=18* i0" 045 0.02x300=0.5x2+0.2xv
=Ji=3mlsec + v=6-l= 5 =250mlsec.
So, after the collision, the velocity of the parricle and 0.02 0.02
the block is 9.49. Mass of the two block are mt . m2" Initially the spring
l./
0.12x
=-.
3 =_9 m,/SeC is stretched by x9 spring constant K. For the block to
0,32 8 come to rest again. Let the distance travelled by m1
Let the spring be stretched through an extra deflection and m2 be x1 and x2 towards right and left
of6 respectively. As no external force acts in horizontal
direction.
, -(;) x 0.32, (#) = 0.32x ro x o -(]), zoo
tr\X1 = tTl2X2 ...(1)
Again, t}te energy would be conserved in the spring.
x (5 + 0.1)2 - (i)>< 2oo x (0.01)2
= (;)-, ,.' =(;)k (x1 + xz - xo)2
Solving the above equation, we can get
6 = 0.045 = 4.5 crn xo =xl +x2 -xg
9.47. Mass of bullet=25 g = 0.25 kg x1 * x2 =2)cg ...(2)
Mass of pendulum = 5 kg x1 =Zxg - x2
The vertical displacement h = 10 cm = 0.L m
( 2m, )
Let it strike the pendulum with a velocity u
Similarly xr =l-lxo
+m2)
\m1
Let the final velocity be v + mt (2xo - x2) = m2x2
+ mv =(M + m)v
= 2m1xg - mtxZ =tn2X2

= v= (M fl u=o'25 *u- u
x2 =J
2m,
xo
+ m) 5.025 207 m1 * fi12
Using conservation of energy : \t\ + m2v2
9.5O. (a) Velocity of centre of mass =
.-(;)(M + m) .u2 =(M + m). s .h m1+m2
Here vt =O Y2 =vo
+ u2
=2xL0x0.1 =2 _mtx0+mZxv} =_Wg_
QOD2 n\.+mZ m1 +fi2

u = 2O7 * Ji = 280 m/sec (b) The spring will attain maximum elongation when
= both velocity of two blocks will attain are velocity of
9.48. Mass of bullet m =20 gm = 0.02 kg
centre of mass.
Mass of wooden block M = 500 gm = 0.5 kg
x -+ maximum elongation of spring.

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Ph.:Collision
Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum 0651 - 2562523,
9.12 9835508812

Change in kinetic energy = potential energy strored in Due to { and F2 block of mass m1 and m2 will
spring. experience different acceleration and experience an
inertia force.
+ l^ruo' - |wr
+ ml(r$' 1*' = Net force * ,,'
mz =: :" - _r2_\
my+m2
= ^ru&,(t- l= pz
\ mt+mz) -mr\+mz\-mt\+Fzmt
.=lp;l "
I 1t/2

=mzF\
+ mtFz
m1+m2
ff\+m2

9.51. If both blocks are pulled by some force, they suddenly (F, -F1)
move some acceleration and instantaneously stop at Similarly Net forcc ofi m2 - - m2 x
same position where the elongation of spring is - = Fz ----
ml+mz
maximum. m1F2+nZFZ-m2F2+m2\
m1+m2

-mt.F2+TZFZ
m1+m2
:> Let x1,x2 -> extension by block m1 andm2 .'.If rq displaced by a distance x1 and x2 by m2 the
Total work done = Fx1 + Fx2 ...(1) maximum extension of the spring is x1 + xr.
Increase the potential energy of spring .'. Work done by the blocks = €il€rBY stored in the
spring.
=(;)" (x1+ x2)2 ...(2)
+ mz'\ ++trl2
mtFz, + mtF2
(xr) *mz\ * *,
m1 m1 + m2
Equating (1) and (2) /r \
F (x1 + rr, =(1) K (x1 + x2)2 =l* l.
\z,t
1x1 + x2)2
2 m2\ + m1F2
+ (x1 + x2) =(zF/k) -Ir -rfe =-#
k m1+m2
Since the net extemal force on the n'vo blocks is zero
thus same force act on opposite direction. 9.53. Mass of the man (M = 50 kg
fn1X1 = rll2X2 ...(3) ^)
Mass of the pillow (Mo) = 5 kB
and x1 + x2 =?.F/k When the pillow is pushed by the man, the pillow will
rb go down while the man goes up. It becomes the
'' X2 = ----:- X1 external force on the system which is zero'
;m2 of mass is zero
= Acceleration of centremass
,l t, * Velocity of centre of is constant
MmxV^=MOxVo ...( 1)
t' *t + x1 =7-F/k Given the velocity of pillow is 80 ftls which is relative
Substituting
m2 of pillow with resPect to man
ry)=zrtt Vplm =Vo -?Vm)
*r(t * mz) =VP + Vm
\ Vo =VP/w-V^
11 =
?.Fmo -
' k(mr +*z) Putting in equation (1)
---:2-
2.Fm.
M^'V* =Mpx(VPlm-V^)
- 3 50xV- =5x(8-V^)

9.5.2. Acceleration of mass m1


^2
-Fz
F1'
=m1+m2
k@l;Gj
= ,* =i
=O.727 ft/s
Similarly acceleration of mass m2 =
Fz -\. .'. Absolute velocity of pillow = 8 - A.727
m1+m2 =7.2ft./sec.

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t 8- 1.1 sec. + u =.!r.s gh


v =7.2 =
.'. Time taken to reach the floor =
So the block will travel with a velocity greater than
As the'mass of wall > > >then pillow.
Jrs sh
The velocity of block before the collision = velocity f.e., man must awake.
after the collision. 9.55. Mass of block = 4909m
+ Time of ascent = 1.11 sec Mass of buller = 10 gm
Total time taken = 1.11 + 1.11 Since the bullet embedded inside the block, it is an
= 2.22 sec plastic collision
9.54. Let the velocity of A =ul Initial velocity of bullet \ = 5OJ7 m/s
Let the final velocity when reaching at B become Velocity of the block is v2 = g
collision = vr Let final velocity of both = y

(*)^:(i)* '=m,h Here


10x 10-3 +490x10-3 x 0=(4q0+10)
+ v12
"5OJ7
-u12 =24h = 10-3 x Ve
= u, =.,{z4h * u! ...(1) vt = J7 m/s
When the blockB reached at the upper man's head the When the block loses the contact at'D't}te component
velocity of B is just zero. For B, block mg will act on it.
(vil2 :
(i), ,*, (o)2 -
[;) "
2m x v2 = msh
m
r
mg sin o

+ v =.,l2Bh =+ (Vil2 =gr sin 0 ...(1)


Before collision velociry of u4 = y, Putting work energy principle
uB =0
Aftercollisionvelocity of vn - V(say) (;)- *(vil2 -[;), mx(v1)2
vs =JW
Since it is an elastic collision the momentum arid
K .......... be conserved
trlx y1 + 2m x 0 = rl x v + 2m * "lZgh
+ tt1 -v =2,1W -- mg (O.2 + 0.2 sin 0)
,- (;) x nt x Y1z.
[;)
, 2m x (o)2 (i),' ". '-(;) * d7)2
g (0.2 + 0.2 sin 0)
=(i), mu2 +(l)" ,^ d-z gn)2 =

3.s - ft) x 9.8 x 0.2 x sin o


=) ,12 -r2 =2* JW " JNE ...(2)
\2)
Dividing (1) by (2), = 9.8 x 0.2 (1 + sin 0)

(vr + v) (vr - v) _2x JW J2sh


I ,it e =(1)
(v1 + v)
\2)
2x,!?ah 0=30o
+ yl*v=J2gh =
Angle of projection = 90o - 30o = 60o
Adding (1) and (3),
2v1 =grl2U1,
Time of reaching the ground = -E
\lg
,=(i)m _@
-! ef
But u, =^lz.gh;u, =0.247 sec
Distance uavelled in horizontal direction
=G)w s=Ycos0xf
=#rsinecos0xt
?4h + u2 =(20)wot = 0.196 m
Total distance = (0.2 - 0.2 cos 30") + 0.196

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9.14 Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Collision
Ph.: 0651 - 2562523,
9835508812
'= 0.22 m a small element at a distance'/ from
9.57. Let us consider
9.56. (a) Let the velociry of m reaching at lower end = vl ttre flour of length 'dy'
From work energy principle so, a* =Y dt
L
(i).,,,, -(;)" m(012 =,'g1 So, the velocity with which the element will strike the

+ \=Jw floor is,


v = J2Bi
Similarly velocity of heavy block will bev2 = ,!2g1,
So, the momentum transfered to the floor is,
1t1. =1/2 =u (SaY)

lct find velocity of m and 2m are v1 and v2 14 =(dm), ={L . dx JW


respectively
[because the element comes to rest]
According to law of conservation of momentum
So, the force exefted on the floor change in
= mxu -2mu =mv1 + 2mv2 ...(1)
momentum is given bY,
+ v1 *2v2=-11
Again, vt - v2 = [(u - v)] ...(2) \=#=T #t*
=-2!
Subsracdng, Because, , = (#) = J2si (for the chain element)
3v2 =tl
_@ 11 =+.rJ-wt2 =f .a*=ry
'z -i -17
9.58.q =10m/s
Substituting in equation (2) V2 = O,r\t r'2 ) velocity of A and B after collision

+ vL -v2 - -Zl
uu ==--i..il:
(a) If the collision is perfectly elastic
mV1 +mVr=tnv1 +tTw2
3 10+0=v1+v2
\3i v1 + v2 =lO ...(1)
-5 Again v1 +v2=-(u1 -u2)
-u
3
= _ (10.0)
-5x JN = - 10 ...(2)
3
Substracting (2) from (1)
J@ bz =20
Y2 =lO m/s
(b) Putting the work .rlr", principle =
The deceleration ofB
(i). - "
(o)2 -(i), 2mx (v2)2 Putting work energY PrinciPle
/r\ .^-, (t\
lalxmx(0)" 2-
--mxaxh
-l:lx mxLlo
=_?,tnxgxh \z) \2)
lh -+ height reached by heavY balll
-(i),.
=) h =r!.]
Ig]
= (10)2

100,,
=-Fs x h

= h =-2x1x10 =5m
simirarry,(i)',, (0)2 -[i)' mvt2 - mx g x h2
(b) If the collision is perfectly in elastic
(height reached by small ball)
tTtxUl*mxU2=(m+m)xv
=(1)'!f; s'nz = mx 10+ mx 0 =2mxv
,llo 0.25L = ,=flg)=5m,/s
'9 =- \2 )
The two block will together attacking to each other
some h3 is more than 2L, the velocity at highest point
Putting work energY PrinciPle
will not be zero.
And the'm'will rise by a distance 2I. [1']' ,* , (0)2 -f\2)
1.) . 2m x (v)2 = 2mx[r8 x s
\2)

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+ (5)2 a2=
frdx mg sm q, cos 0
...( 1)
0.1x10x2 =s M +m M +m
+ S=12.5m So, the absolute (Resultant) acceleration of 'm' on the
9.59. Let velocity of 2 kg block on reaching the 4 kg block block "M' along the direction of the incline will be
before collision = ur c=gsinc[-a2 coscr,
Given, V2 =0 (velocityof 4kgblock) =g sin cr -
mg sin o cos2 o
M +m
(i)- " *' -[;) mx (t)2=-m x ps x s . lru*r-r.os2
+ pr=@ "
=gslnC[l-
L M+m ']
= = 0.6 m,/sec . lm+msin2al
a=.gslnc[t-l
+ ut = 0.6 m,/sec " L M+m l ...(2)
Since it is a perfectly elastic collision
kt v1, v2 + velocity of 2 kg and 4 kg block after lct, the time taken by block'm'to reach the bottom
collision end by't'
m1 x u1 + m2u2 = tnlVl * tn2v2 Now, s =ur *[1.]"r'
\2)
= 2x O.6 + 4.0 = Zv1 + 4v2
:3 h
2v1 + 4v2 =1.)
= -;- -=(!\o,,
Again, vl -v2=+(ut-u2) ...(1) srn o \2)

=+(0.6-0)=-0.6 I ._ 4fr-
'-!"tin"
Substracting (2) from (1)
3v2 =1'2 "'(2) So, the velocity of the bigger block after time f will be
:) vz =0.4m/s Vm =U * a2t
vl =-0.6+0.4=-O.2m/s
.'. Putting work energy principle for 1st 2 kg block -mSsincrcosa @
M.^ ilrtir"
when come to rest
x (o)2 .(;), 2x (0.2)2 - lz^'s'lrsin2 cr "or' o1"'
(;),, = 2x1o x s1 -t-
|

L Cu+m)2asincr l
x 2x 0.2x 0.2 = 2x 0.2x 10 x 51 Now substituting the value of 'a' from equation (2),
= f+l
\2) we get
+ Sl =lcrn
Iz^'r2hsir2 o . .or2,, (M +m) 1"'
Puning work energy principle for 4 kg block =[*
'u * rf ,in o 'g ti' o (M.,- - tin,o)]
(;), -, (o)2 -(i)' 4x (0.4)2

=-4x
0.2x 10x 52 or u* =l
- ^'rn "" Y , )"'
:+ 2xO.4x 0.4= 4x0.2x 10x 52
Lf, * m) (M + sin2 m a;.1

+ 52 =4cm 9.61. The mass'm'is given a velocity ?'over the larger mass
M
Distance between 2 kg and 4 kg block = Sr + 52
(a) When the smaller block is travelling on the
=1+4=5crn vertical paft, let the velocity of the bigger block be v1
9.60. The block 'm' will slide down the inclined plane of towards left.
mass M with acceleration o1 = g sin o (relative) to the
From law of conservation of momentum (in the
inclined plane.
horizontal direction)
The honzontal component of a1 will be
mv=(M+m)v1
dx = g sin o cos cr, for which the block M will
accelerate towards left. Let the acceleration be a2.
= u7=L
According to the concept of centre of mass, (in the
M+m
horizontal direction external force is zero), (b) When the smaller block breaks off, left its
frex =(M + m) a2 resultant velocity is v2
From law of a conservation of energy

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9.16 Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Collision
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in its
G)^* =(l)*"'
.(l)^",' + mgh
So, t}te time for which the smaller block was
flight is grven by,

:) u22 =y2 -A-ur' -rnn ...(1)


m
f -- c 1

= u22 =u21,-4 . ^o ^l-Wn


L m (M+m)")
= u, = l[(^' * t't^ *-^')] - run1"' +"osnf
L + m)'
tita J
.r
r -*' 8L -ztu
=zl=_-zlMv2
(M+m) l
(c) Now, the vertical component of the velocity v2 of
mass'm'is given by So, the distance travelled by the bigger block during
this time is
ur' =u22 -ut2
S =y1T
(M2 +Mm+m2) , nr 2 2 (M : m) sh)1/2
(M + m)'
^212
(M + m)2 =M+m8"- lMvz -
(M*d1/2
f = ^, I
- W fMu2 - 2(M + m) ghTr/2
L"'" M.^)
I(M + m'frz
+ !y-zM2
+Mm+^2 -^2 v2 - ?.gh 9.62.Givenh<<<R
-u"-zgh- =
(M +m)
Gmass=6x1024kg
+ ur' = -!t- -wn ...(2) mb =3x 1024 kg
Let V, -+ Velocity of earth
To find the maximum height (from the ground),
V6 + Velocity of the block
Let us assume the body rise to a high 'h' over and
The two blocla are attracted by gravitational force of
above'h' atffaction. The gravitation potential enerry stored
Now, (i)^"; =msht will be the K.E. of two blocks

+ hr=t
GM,m6+n
*.[;J # =(1)^,"",,
2g
.(i)*o "'o'
So, Total height =h + ht =h,u *'!^' Again as the an internal force acts
Mu'
=h * -h ...(4) M"V, =M6V6
(M + m) ?.9
+ =Mbvb
v."M" ...(2)
[From equation (3) and (a)]
u_ Mv2 Putting in equation (1)

(d)
2e(M+m)
Because the smaller mass has also got a horizontal
Gm" x *,1#, rh] =(;), *, -W
component of velocity 'lr' at the time it break off from
.M (which has a velocity vr), the block'm'will again . (1). M6 x v]
land on the block'M (bigger one)
Let us find out the time of flight of block 'm' after
breaks off.
it =(i)' M6 x v62
W.), u6,,62
During the upward motion (BC)
+ GM,
2R + ?h -2R -h
0=yv -8t (2R+h)(R-h)

- tt=;=;l#^ *'] ...(s) =(;)""'[i;#.';


[From equation (2)]

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Ranchi -1
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Centre of Mass, Linear Momentum Collision 9835508812
9.17

=w]=(;) ",;"(1) :+ v12 sin2 o. + v22 sin2 p +


Zvf 2 cos o cos B
cos o cos p

+ sn =vrz
" *(2\
\z)
+ sinosin0=cosocosp
+ cos0,. cosp-sin o cos0=0
+ vu =28h :+ cos(o+9)=0=cos90o
3 + a + p=99"
9.63. Since it is not a head on collision the tr /o bodies move
9.64. Let the mass of both the particle and the spherical
in different dimensions body be 'm', the particle velocity !, has two
Let v1, v2 + velocities of the bodies vector collision components y cos o normal to the sphere and y sin a
Since, the collision is elastic. Applyrng law of tangential to the spheres.
conservation of momentum on X = direction After the collision, they will exchange their velocities.
mpt + 171 X sr = mv1 COs o + mv2 COS p So, t}re spherical body will have a velocity v cos q, and
+ v1 cos d * v2 cos p - u1 ...(1) the particle will not have anycomponent of velocityin
this direction.
Puning law of conservation of momentum in y
direction [This collision will be due to the component y cos a in
the normal direction. But, the tangential velocity, of
0=ftyl sillc v2 sin p ...(2) the particle y sin a will be unaffeaed.l
Again (i)*r, * o =[1),.,,2 .(i)^ - *,
",' So, velocity ofthe sphere .o, o - 'r -p2
+ ur2 =vr2 +v22 ...(3) t.
and velocity of the particle = y sin a =
Squaring equation (1) r
v12 + v22 =v12 cos2 o. + v22 cos2 p+ zvf 2
o

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