SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

A. THE USAGE

Present Tense is a tense used to indicate a state or event in the present ( Present Tense adalah
tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan keadaan atau kejadian di masa sekarang )

B. TIME SIGNALS
 always = selalu
 usually = biasanya
 often = seringkali
 never = tidak pernah
 regularly = secara tetap
 sometimes = kadang-kadang
 seldom = jarang
 nowadays = pada waktu sekarang
 steadily = selalu, terus-menerus
 every day = setiap hari
 every other day = dua hari sekali, berselang sehari
 every sunday = setia hari minggu
 every week = setiap minggu
 once a week = sekali seminggu

C. PATTERNS

a. Kalimat Verbal

(+). S + V 1 (s/es) + O + ADV

(-). S + DO/DOES + NOT + V 1 + O + ADV

(?). DO/DOES + S + V 1 + O + ADV ?

b. Kalimat Nonverbal
(+) S + TOBE (IS, AM, ARE) + COMPLEMENT

(- ) S + TOBE (IS, AM, ARE) + NOT + COMPLEMENT

(?) TOBE (IS, AM, ARE) + S + COMPLEMENT ?

Example :

A. (+) We are busy everyday

(- ) We are not busy everyday
(?) Are we busy everyday?

B. (+) He goes to school everyday

(-) He does not go to school everyday
(?) Does he go to school everyday?

C. (+) Mr. Andi writes the letter to his friend

(-) Mr. Andi does not writes the letter to his friend
(?) Does Mr Andi write the letter to his friend?

D. (+) They drink a glass of water

(-) They are not drink a glass of water
(?) Are they drink a glass of water?

E. (+) He is a teacher in my school

(–) He is not a teacher ini my school
(?) Is he a teacher in my school?
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENS

A. THE USAGE

The Present Continuous Tense is used to state, say something that is happening right now, is
happening right now ( Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan, mengatakan
sesuatu yang sedang terjadi saat ini, sedang berlangsung saat ini)

B. TIME SIGNALS
Now : Sekarang
At this moment : Pada saat ini
Still : Masih
Right now : Sekarang
This morning : Pagi Ini
At this time : Saat ini
At present : Sekarang ini
Today : Hari ini
Tonight : Malam ini
This evening : Sore ini
This afternoon : Siang ini

C. PATTERNS

Kalimat Positif (+): S + to be + Verb+ing + O/C

Kalimat Negatif (-): S + to be + not + Verb+ing + O/C

Kalimat Introgatif (?): To be + S + Verb+ing + O/C

Example :

A. - I am reading a book right now (+)

- I am not reading a book right now (-)
- Am I reading a book right now? (?)

B. - You are cooking in the home today (+)

- You are not cooking in the home today(-)
- Are you cooking in the home today? (?)

C. - She is going to france tonight (+)

 - She is not going to France tonight (-)
- Is she going to France tonight? (?)

D. - I am receiving a package from Bandung this afternoon (+)

- I am not receiving a package from bandung this afternoon (-)
- Am I receiving a package from bandung this afternoon? (?)

E. - Lina is accepting my kidness (+)

- Lina is not accepting my kindness (-)
- Is lina accepting my kidness? (?)
PRESENT PERFECT TENS

A. THE USAGE
Present perfect tense is a verb form used to express an action or situation that has started in the
past and still continues until now or has been completed at a certain point in time in the past but
the effect is still continuing.( Present perfect tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan
untuk mengekspresikan tindakan atau situasi yang telah dimulai pada titik waktu tertentu di masa
lalu namun efeknya masih berlanjut ).

B. TIME SIGNALS
once = sekali
twice = dua kali
three times = tiga kali
several times = beberapa kali
many times = berkali-kali
at last = akhirnya
this week = minggu ini
this month = bulan ini
recently = baru-baru ini
lately = akhir-akhir ini
just = baru saja
since 1980 = sejak tahun 1980
already = sudah
so far = sejauh ini
as yet = sampai sekarang
finally = akhirnya
for two hours = selama dua jam
for three years = selama tiga tahun
ever = pernah
never = tidak pernah

C. PATTERNS

Bentuk Rumus Present Perfect Tense

Positif · I/You/We/They + have + verb 3
(+) · He/She/It + has + verb 3
Negatif · I/You/We/They + have + not + verb 3
(-) · He/She/It + has + not + verb 3
Interoga
tif · Have + I/You/We/They + verb 3?
(?) · Has + He/She/It + verb 3?
Example :

A. (+) My sister is cooking in the kitchen.

(-) My sister isn't cooking in the kitchen.
(?) Is my sister cooking in the kitchen?

B. (+) They are writing a new novel.

(-) They aren't writing a new novel.
(?) Are they writing a new novel?

C. (+) The students are walking to school.

(-) The students aren't walking to school.
(?) Are the students walking to school?

D. (+) Rina is dancing a traditional dance.

(-) Rina isn't dancing a traditional dance.
(?) Is Rina dancing a traditional dance?

E. (+) He is learning French.

(-) He isn't learning French.
(?) Is he learning French?
Regular Verb

Verb 1 Verb 2 Meaning

Arrest Arrested Menangkap, Menahan
Arrive Arrived Tiba
Ask Asked Meminta, Bertanya
Attach Attached Melampirkan
Attack Attacked Menyerang
Attempt Attempted Mencoba
Attend Attended Menghadiri
Attract Attracted Menarik, Memikat
Menghindar,
Avoid Avoided
Mencegah
Bake Baked Memanggang
Balance Balanced Mengimbangkan
Ban Banned Melarang
Bare Bared Memperlihatkan
Memukul Dgn
Bat Batted
Tongkat
Entertain Entertained Menghibur
Bathe Bathed Memandikan
Escape Escaped Melarikan Diri
Memeriksa,
Examine Examined
Menguji
Excite Excited Menggairahkan
Mengampuni,
Excuse Excused
Membebaskan
Menggunakan,
Exercise Exercised
Menjalankan
Exist Existed Ada
Memperluas,
Expand Expanded Mengembangka
n
Expect Expected Mengharapkan
Explain Explained Menjelaskan
Irregular Verb

Main verb
(V1) Past form (V2) Participle (V3) Meaning
arise arose arisen Terbit, naik, muncul
bet bet bet bertaruh
begin began begun Mulai
tear tore torn merobek
teach taught taught Mengajar
think thought thought befikir
throw threw thrown Membuang
understand understood understood Mengerti
wear wore worn Memakai
write wrote written menulis