Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
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COMPANY PROFILE:
Techno Electric &Engineering Company Ltd(TEECL),incorporated in
1963 and headquartered in Kolkata, is a leading EPC company in the power
sector. It provides turnkey engineering solution for entire power plant,
procurement and construction services to all the three segments of power
sector namely generation, transmission and distribution using captively
developed software for design in accordance with national and
international codes, standards and practices. It is involved in
commissioning in one capacity or other over 50% of India’s thermal power
generating capacity and setting up major portion of the National Grid. The
company has been a leader in its areas of activities having adopted state-of-
the-art Technology in the form of Computerised Engineering Services,
Mechanised Field Operations, High Standards of Quality Management
backed by strong human resources and resourceful financing. With over
three decades of rich experience in the power sector, TEECL has been the
preferred vendor for all PSUs. BHEL awarded TEECL as the best electrical
vendor for the year 2010.
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ABSTRACT:
A Substation in general receives electrical power from a
generating station via incoming feeders and delivers electrical power
through outgoing feeders and it is used for controlling the power on
different routes. The GIS substation at Magarwada is basically a connector
between two grids of 400 kV and 220 kV through Inter Connecting
Transformers(ICT).
The switching and fault protection are broadly done using
GIS technology; which requires very less amount of space and maintenance
cost. It also gives much better reliability for long period of time.
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EARTHING CIRCUIT : GRID FORMATION
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i. The grids (earth mat) is constructed using Mild Steel(M.S.) rod of
diameter of 40 mm.
ii. All equipments are connected to grid axes(X and Y) through M.S. flat
strips of size 75mm(b)X12mm(t).
iii. There are obviously two strips connect the grids, one from
equipment inside and other from structure.
iv. Earth Pit:-LA has one extra independent grounding using hollow
metal pipe. It connects ZnO bar to earth.
v. Shield Wire: a stranded steel wire running at the top of the towers is
also a part of grounding system. It gives transmission lines primary
protection from lightening.
vi. Riser: It is a flat strip erected from grids to connect equipments.
vii. The grids arms are at a distance of 19m in Y axis , 17m in X axis, 0.9 m
in –Z axis.
2. Feeder Circuit:-
Both incoming and outgoing feeder circuits consist of bays. As there
is 4 feeders so 4 bays are installed. Each bay consists of LA, BPI, CVT
per phase. there is total 2 WT per feeder. WTs should be connected
in proper phase for all bays. The four incoming feeders are all of
400kV,and all outgoing feeders are all of 220kV naming Magarwada-
Iⅈ Ringarwada-I&II.
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SUBSTATION FEEDER CIRCUIT
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3. Switching Circuit
Switching and bus bar circuit is totally confined in SF6 environment.
The reasons for implementing GIS are can be understood by
comparing it to AIS(Air
AIS Insulated Switchgear)
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4.Transformer Circuit:-
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5.AC
AC Power Supply Circuit:
Circuit:-
The domestic power supply i.e., lighting, cooling etc are done by ac
power supply circuit.
Normally the conventional transformer output terminals
supply ac power to this circuit. In case of faults in the transformer
power is taken from SEB’s grid through a 11 11000/440V
000/440V transformer.
A DG is kept ready for emergency situation.
Conventional
DG 440 V SEB Transformer transformer
11 kV/440 V 33 kV/440 V
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6.DC Power Supply Circuit:-
220 V DC 220 V DC
Distribution Distribution
Board- I Board- I
48 V Battery 48 V Battery
Charger-I Charger-II
48 V DC 48 V DC
Distribution Distribution
Board- I Board- I
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EQUIPMENTS FOUNDS IN THE SITE:
1. LIGHTENING
ING ARRESTER(LA):
i. Rating:
(0-6)mA
6)mA AC ; creast/√2
Voltage= 336kV, Class
Class-IV
ii. Operating Principle:
iv. Remarks:
2. SURGE COUNTER:
i. Rating:
(0-6)mA
6)mA AC ;
(0-3)mA
3)mA -> Safe(Green)
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(3-6)mA -> Dangerous(Red)
F.S.D = 150 µA.
ii. Operation:
It counts how many times surges fall upon line and its
nature in terms of current.
i. Rating:
Total Burden simultaneous: 100 VA
Thermal Burden : 750 VA
Insulation Level : 630 kV/1425 kVp
Rated voltage : 420 kV/√3
Highest System Voltage : 420 kV
Nominal Intermediate Voltage : 10 kV/√3
Voltage factor : 1.2 Continuous 1.5-30 sec.
HF capacitor : 4400 pF
Primary Capacitance C1 : 4583 pF
Secondary capacitance C2 : 91252 pF
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ii. Operating Principle:
The simplified circuit for CVT is-
is
4. WAVE TRAP:
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i. Where Found:
5. AUTO TRANSFORMER:
i. Rating:
Specification: IEC-60076
Type of Cooling : OFAF
Rated Power :
HV- 315000 kVA
IV- 315000 kVA
LV- 105000 kVA
Rated Voltage at no loads:
HV- 400 kV
IV- 220 kV
LV- 33 kV
Rated line Current:
HV- 454.7 A
IV- 826.7 A
LV- 1837.0 A
ii. Operating principle:
Two ICT are installed between the 400kv GIS and 220 kV
GIS.
iv. Remarks:
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Probably, these ICTs are the most valuable equipment in a
substation. So, every kind of protection is adapted like Fire
Fighting, Arcing horn, buchloz’s relay etc.
7. TRANSFORMER OIL:
i. Rating:
Mineral insulating oil, Low Viscisity.
Insulating Grade : A
Type : 2
IS : 1783
Authinticator : Balmer- Larwie.
8. TRANSFORMER (CONVENTION TYPE):
i. Rating:
Power : 630 kVA
Voltage at No Load :
HV - 33 kV
LV – 433 V
Line Current :
HV – 11.02 A
LV – 840.024 A
Type of Cooling – ONAN
Rated Frequency – 50 Hz
Vector Group – Dyn 1
Impedence Voltage – 5.0 %
Winding material – Electrolytic Copper
Incl Core Damping Channel : 1350 kg
Weight of Oil : 7.40 kg
Oil Quantity : 880 Litre
Tank and Fitting : 790 kg
Total Weight : 2880 kg
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Temperature Rise Oil : 50o C
Over ambient : 50o C
Temperature rise winding : 55o C
Over ambient : 50o C
ii. Operation :
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ii. Operation:
i. Rating:
Maximum system voltage : 72.5 kV
Voltage factor : 1.2 CONT./1.5-30 sec.
Insulation level: 140/325 kV
Creepage distance : 1815 mm
Oil volume : 72 ± 10 Litre
Total weight : 230 ± 10% kg
Rated frequency : 50 Hz
Winding 1 Winding 2
Volts A-N 1a-1n 2a-2n
Burden 33 kV/√3 110/√3 110/√3
Volts-Amp - 10 10
Accuracy Class - 3p 0.5
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ii. Operation:
iv. Remarks:
a. IVT should be connected in parallel with supply
line
b. LV terminal can’t be shorted.
i. Rating:
Highest system voltage : 72.5 kV
Type : round CT Tank
Insulation level : 140 kV/325 kvp
Rated continuous current : 60 Amp
Short time current rating : 25 kA/3 sec.
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Dynamic current rating : 63 kAp
Creepage distance : 1815 mm
Total weight : 240 kg (± 10%)
Oil volume : 100 Litre (± 10%)
Core no. I II
Ratio 50/1 50/1
Primary Terminal P1 - P 2 P1 - P 2
Secondary Terminal 151-152 251-252
Burden (VA) 10 10
Class 5p 0.5
ISF/ALF 10 5o
ii. Operation:
iv. Remarks:
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Impulse : 325kVp
P.F voltage : 140 V
Frequency : 50 Hz
Operating device : MOM
DC Voltage : 220 V
AC Voltage : 415 V
Weight of MOM : 90 kg
ii. Operation:
All the conductors found in the site can be devided into two
categories.
Conductor
Bundeled Insulated
Conductor Conductor
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All these conductors are bare, i.e, no outer insulation.
a. Rating:
Type- ACSR (Alluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced)
ACAR (Alluminium Conductor Alloy Reinforced)
AACR (All Alluminium Conductor reinforced)
Conductor layer : 4
Highest system voltage : 420 kV
ACSR : 54 Al/7st
b. Operation :
c. Where Found:
In all overhead connection.
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These conductors are mainly utilized in AC power
distribution network and control cable network.
a. Rating:
Highest system voltage : 110 V
Type :
AYFY (Alluminium PVC Insulated Flat Steel Strip
Armour and PVC Outer Seath Cable)
AWY (Alluminium Steel round Wire Armour
PVC Outer Seath cable)
b. Operation:
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Lower Tiers- Control cable
Control cable connection :
this cable is inter-connected to various CB,
Isolators, relays, LCC Panel, SAS Room.
Control cable bears dc signal from DC
distribution board to various control element.
c. Where Found:
Inside Control Room and cable Trench.
14.Fire Fighting Pump:
i. Rating:
Flow : 34000 m3/hr
Standard pressure : 40 mm-Hg
Fan power : 6.02 BKW
Speed : 550 rpm
Temperature : 20oC
ii. Operation:
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LIST OF MANUFACTRUERS:-
1. LA-Crompton Groves Pvt Ltd(CGPL)
2. CVT-CGPL
3. Auto Transformer-EMCO Ltd.
4. Conventional Transformers-Tesla Electric.
5. CT Live Tank-CGPL
6. IVT-CGPL
7. GIS Bay-Xian XD
8. GCB-CGPL
9. Cables-KEI Industries Ltd.
10. DG-Kirloskar Ltd.
11. LCC panel-Scheinder Electric.
12. Disconnector-Switchgear and Structural ltd.
13. F.F Pump-Marathon Electric.
14. Induction Motor-ABB Group
15. Battery Charger-AMARA RAJA
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CONCLUSION
Transmission and distribution stations exist at various scales
throughout a power system. In general, they represent an interface
between different levels or sections of the power system, with the
capability to switch or reconfigure the connections among various
transmission and distribution lines. The major stations include a control
room from which operations are coordinated. Smaller distribution
substations follow the same principle of receiving power at higher voltage
on one side and sending out a number of distribution feeders at lower
voltage on the other, but they serve a more limited local area and are
generally unstaffed. The central component of the substation is the
transformer, as it provides the effective in enface between the high-
and low-voltage parts of the system. Other crucial components are circuit
breakers and switches. Breakers serve as protective devices that open
automatically in the event of a fault, that is, when a protective relay
indicates excessive current due to some abnormal condition. Switches are
control devices that can be opened or closed deliberately to establish or
break a connection. An important difference between circuit breakers
and switches is that breakers are designed to interrupt abnormally
high currents (as they occur only in those very situations for which
circuit protection is needed), whereas regular switches are designed to
be operable under normal currents. Breakers are placed on both the high-
and low-voltage side of transformers. Finally, substations may also
include capacitor banks to provide voltage support. Here in this s.s. we
have a 400kV Shunt Reactor which control voltage during low-load period
and also compensate the effect of shunt capacitance evolved in long run
transmission line.
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