Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van

DESIGN OF FOUR STOREY RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL……………..
Design of Four Storey

Residential/Commercial Building Using
Unused Container Van
Presented to the Faculty of the College of Engineering and Technical Department

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
University Site, Lucena City
In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
Under the
Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program
(ETEEAP)
By:
Jeffrey M. Caliwanagan
March 2016
DESIGN OF FOUR STOREY RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL…………….. 2
Approval Sheet
This project study entitled:
“ Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container

Van”located in cor. N. Noche and P.A. Paterno along E. Rodriquez Avenue, Quezon City.” has
been prepared and submitted by Jeffrey M. Caliwanagan is hereby recommended for oral
examination.
.
Engr. Ma. Luisa B. Canela
Adviser
Approval in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science
in Civil Engineering by the oral examination committee with the rating of __________________
Dr. Guillemo M. Rago Jr.

Chairman
Engr. Ceilito V. Maligalig Engr. Evangeline L. Constantino

Member Member
Dr. Benilda N. Villenas
Member
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the -degree of Bachelor of

Science in Civil Engineering.
Dr. Guillermo M. Rago Jr.

Dean College in Engineering and Technical Department
March 2016
Acknowledgement
The researcher would like to extend my sincere gratitude to all persons who have given
their indubitable support and assistance to make this endeavor possible.
To MSEUF (Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation) for giving us opportunity to take

“Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency Accreditation “(ETEEAP) program to finish my
bachelor degree in Civil Engineering.
The Department, Dean Dr. Guillermo M. Rago Jr. for the encouragement and
understanding for the situation to all of us (ETEEAP) he gave us the time to finish and complete
drive to take this endeavor possible.
To my Adviser Engr. Ma. Luisa B. Canela for the unwavering support and patience to all
of the ETEEAP students, and the understanding that we have role to our family and now, a role of
being a student.
To all to my professors Engr. Ceilito V. Maligalig, Engr. Evangeline Constantino, Engr.

Ramela A. Ramirez for giving us advice to perform greater outcome in this project study.
The researcher also would like to give thanks to all of the Engineers and professionals, and
even to my classmates in ETEEAP, thanks for all the support to make study possible, thanks to
everyone who extend their hands….
The Researcher
Dedication
This project study is extremely dedicated to our Lord Jesus Christ who gives his life for
all of us, and He gave knowledge, wisdom and sound mind to finish this project study.
And, to my wife Maria Cecilia, who gives me inspiration and encouragement, every time
I hear her voice of her appreciation, it gives me strength and courage to finish this study.
To my daughters which I have not seen for more than five years, I hope and pray that we
will be a complete family soon.
Through wisdom is an house builded;
and by understanding it is established: (Proverb 24:3)KJV

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page …………………………………… 1

Approval sheet …………………………………… 2
Acknowledgement …………………………………… 3
Dedication …………………………………… 4
Table of contents …………………………………… 5
List of tables …………………………………… 7
List of Figure …………………………………… 8
Abstract …………………………………… 10
Unit I INTRODUCTION
Background of the study …………………………………… 12
Objective of the study …………………………………… 13
Conceptual Frameworks ….………………………………… 14
Significance of the study …………………………………… 15
Scope and delimitation …………………………………… 16
Definition of term …………………………………… 18
Acronyms …………………………………… 19
Unit II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Literature …………………………………… 20
Studies ………………………………….... 37
Unit III METHOD AND PROCEDURES

Research Design …………………………………… 40
Research Environment …………………………………… 41
Procedures …………………………………… 41
Design concept …………………………………… 43
Unit IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Data Gathering Analysis …………………………………… 45
Soil Analysis …………………………………… 46
Seismic Analysis (Portal Method)………………………………. 48
Design of Slab …………………………………… 69
Design of Beams …………………………………… 74
Design of Steel Column …………………………………... 76
Design of Welded Connection ………………………………….. 80
Design of Footing …………………………………… 81
Design of Base Plate …………………………………... 84
Technical Specification …………………………………… 87
Plans and Drawings …………………………………… 154
Cost Estimates …………………………………… 170
PERT/CPM …………………………………… 182
LEED Rating System …………………………………... 182
Summary of Findings …………………………………... 185
Unit V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusion ………………………………….. 186
Recommendation ………………………………….. 187
Appendices
A. Transmittal Letter ………………………………….. 189
B. Land Title (Page 1) ………………………………….. 190
C. Land Title (Page 2) ………………………………….. 191
D. Vicinity Map ………………………………….. 192
References ………………………………….. 193

Curriculum Virtae ………………………………….. 196
List of Tables
Table No. Page
1 Liquid Limit Determination …………………………….. 46
2 Plastic Limit Determination …………………………….. 46
3 Grain Size Analysis-Mechanical …………………………….. 47
4 Seismic Analysis Table, Long Direction…………………………. 52
5 Seismic Analysis, Short Direction ……………………………. 62
6 Bill of Materials ……………………………. 171-181
7 Summary of Bill of Materials ……………………………. 181-182
8 LEED Rating System ……………………………. 183-185

List of Figures
Figure No. Page
1 Conceptual Paradigm ………………………………… 14
2 Equivalent of Shear Beam Soil Container……………………. 29
3 Shear Stack Section ………………………………… 29
4 End Wall Deflection ………………………………… 31
5 Evolution of G and D Section Shear Strain…………………... 32
6 Different (RMS) Excitation Acceleration……………………. 32
7 Pulse Test of Increasing Magnitude………………………….. 33
8 Portal Method Frame Analysis, Long Direction……………… 68
9 Portal Method, Frame Analysis, Short Direction…………….. 69
10 Ground Floor Plan ……………………………….. 152
11 Second Floor Plan ……………………………….. 153
12 Typical 3rd and 4th Plan ……………………………….. 154
13 Front and Rear Elevation ……………………………….. 155
14 Right and Left Elevation ……………………………….. 156
15 Cross Section ……………………………….. 157
16 Ground Floor Lighting Layout)……………………………… 158
17 Second Floor Lighting Layout……………………………….. 159
18 Third Floor and Forth Floor Lighting Layout……………….. 160
19 Ground Floor Power Layout ……………………………….. 161

20 Second Floor Power Layout ……………………………….. 162
21 3rd Floor Power Layout ………………………………… 163
22 4th Floor Power Layout ………………………………… 164
23 Ground Floor Plumbing Layout………………………………. 165
24 Second Floor Plumbing Layout………………………………. 166
25 Typical 3rd and 4th Floor Plumbing Layout…………………… 167
26 Isometric Plumbing Layout) ………………………………… 168
27 Perspective View of Container Van………………………...... 169
28 Another Perspective View of Container Van………………… 169
29 PERT/CPM ……………………………….. 182

Abstract
Jeffrey M. Caliwanagan “Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using

Unused Container Van” that will be located along E. Rodriquez Ave. cor, P. A Paterno Street and
N. Ponce Street; an unpublished study for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering,
College of Engineering (ETEEAP) Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation.
The study involves the proper connection of container van which very abundant in the port
area in Manila, the material consider as an eyesore to look at, but by giving chance to make this
study. This eyesore will become aesthetically beautiful to look by providing suitable structural
design with integration of architectural touch that will become an icon to the public viewer.
All of materials that will be used (unused container van) will be inspected properly and the
building should be passed to all the requirements of the National Structural Code of the Philippines
(NSCP 2010) and also to the National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP 2010).
This research will prove to the public viewer, students and professional that container van
is a good materials for construction by means of swift construction and also it would be in a lower
cost. By providing proper investigation and computations, and structural analysis, it will serves as
a guidance to the future engineering students, and also to the engineering professionals. There are
some engineers in Metro Manila who also did the same but they we never have any idea that using
of container will be good to use in a medium rise building regarding the structural stability and
safety of the structure.
The researcher also is looking forward that this kind of construction will become a
phenomenon in the future of engineering construction here in the Philippines. This study will prove
that the using of the said materials will give us an immediate solution to the problem of increasing
population in Metro Manila. It will give immediate shelter to the people who are living in the
crowded city like our states capital.
On this study will show how structurally sound is the container van and also show how fast
is the construction which will be seen on the PERT CPM and it can be designed in a modern
structure that will add to the beauty of the building.
And, on the last part of the study, all of the interpretation of the study regarding “Design
of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van” will be
understood by seeing the plans and drawings including the specification and the program of works
which give results to the study of the design of the above project.
Afterwards, by this study, it shows that the using of container van as major materials in
building construction especially on the medium rise construction will give us an idea that it will
be more economical and can be finish earlier than convention type construction.
Keyterms: Residential Building, Commercial Building, Unused Container Van, Structural

Analysis, Structural Stability
UNIT I
Introduction
Background of the Study
Our world has full of inhabitants and we are more than 7.4 billion population as of this day
and every day the number of child being born is almost 350,000 infants a day, but the number of
people die every day is only 150,000 according to Worldometers it is only the registered population
(September 2015). Almost 250 percent difference between birth and mortality.
One of the biggest populations in the world is China consisting of about 1,403,254,378
alone, and Philippines are now in a twelve place with population of 100,096,496 (September 2015.
The most populated area in our country is Metro Manila with 11,553,427. By having an 11.5
million population in city alone, there are many problem arises and the most common factor that
everybody notice are traffic congestions, tons of garbage, crimes, and shelter for all the people
who are within the vicinity.
Being the most populated area, Metro Manila is still the “best” for almost of the Filipino
to send their offspring into college, to find the good job, to discover their fortune for the better
future. For someone, Manila is like a jumping board to travel abroad, just like moth flies towards
the light (in the story of Jose Rizal). Even it is very risky for a new comer to go to college or to
those who from the provinces searching for the greener pastures. They did not bother even to the
crimes that’s always on the news each day, and worst traffic caused by congestion of over
population. And still, for them! Metro Manila is the best and their chosen place to continue their
education and to find the best of his fortune.
During rainy days, the city experienced flooding for having heavy rains and typhoons that
visits in our country. The average typhoon enters to the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR)
is about 8 to 9 typhoon every year, not considering the Southwest Monsoon (Habagat) which is
the cause of inundation of Metro Manila. Along the strait of Espana Boulevard is known to be a
flooded area which the university belt is located. The students go through that experience every
year.
By continues industrialization of the country, the import and export were copious around
Manila Port Area and many unused container vans were placed along the ports and it becomes an
eyesore to the public. And when the typhoon comes it caused alarm to the authorities.
For those reasons, the researcher desires to make Design of Four Storey
Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van. A structure that will call a place
for refuge, a place of security and safety even in the time of calamity and other natural occurrences.
Statement of the problem
Overcrowding and congestion in Metro Manila, still many of the well to do family in the
province sent their children to the country’s capital to pursue their education for a better future for
their offspring’s. Not only congestion, flooding around university belt adds to the problem during
rainy seasons.
Due to continues import and export industry, there are many unused container van left in
the port area Manila, and this unused container van become an eyesore to the public. The researcher
want this eyesore to become part of the solution to the problem by utilizing the unused container
van to become a shelter to the continuance coming of students from the province and even in the
nearby places.
Thus, the researcher will design a four storey residential/commercial building using the
unused container van to become part of the solution to the problem, and also author will find a
place where is the safe place for the student and teacher to locate the proposed structure to meet
the wishes of “well to do family” in the province who wishes their children to continue their study
in Metro Manila.
Objectives of the Study
Whether Manila has a big population and the unused container van in the port area Manila
become eyesore to the public, now the objective of this study is to prove that an eyesore will be
reusable and will become a modern structure. Below are the following objectives:
1. To design a four storey residential/commercial building using unused container van
2. To develop complete detailed plans and detailed drawings of four storey

residential/commercial building using unused container van.
3. To prepare technical specifications and cost estimate and program of works.
4. To assess and evaluate the design of four storey residential/commercial building in terms
of LEED-rating system.
Conceptual framework
The conceptual framework is a paradigm show how would the study flow and step by step
process from input (gathering of all data required) needed in the proposed study. Afterwards there
will be the right process and computation to determine the solution to accomplish the output of
Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van.
INPUT PROCESS OUPUT

1. Data Asses 1.Data Gathering and Design of
(a) Economic Environment Analysis. Four Storey
(b) Social Condition 2.Designing of Building Residential/
(c)Soil Analysis Data Using Unused Container Commercial
2. Ultimate Strength Design Van Building
Method of (NSCP 2010) ACI 318- 3.Preparation of Technical Using
11 AISC, and National Building Specifications, Cost Unused
Code Estimates and Program of Container
3.Provisions/Structural Properties Works Van
of Container Van 4. Plans and drawing
4.Cost of Materials development
5. Program of Works Principles 5.Assessment/Evaluation
(PERT CPM) of the Building in Terms
6. LEED Rating System of LEED Rating System
Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm

All the above inputs were started on data gathering on the present economic and social
condition on the location of the Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using
Unused Container Van. , the soil analysis data in the proposed location will be provided for primary
design of suitable foundation of the structure that can meet the requirements of National Building
Code of the Philippines including connections of all the vans if it safe and durable to use.
Afterwards, the preparation of technical specification data, and producing of structural drawings
design for the container van. Then collecting the data of LEED rating system to include to the
proposed design of the building followed by cost estimate of the proposed structure.
Then the process goes to the data gathering evaluation of the proposed site, soil analysis by
boring test to provide appropriate structural computation. By doing so, the technical specifications
will be prepared by acquiring the analysis on boring test and inspection of all the vans that will
pass to National Building Code of the Philippines. Followed by providing the bill of materials and
cost estimates including the preparation of program of works when and how to start. The LEED
rating system will be followed to provide and eco-friendly building or green structure to come up
A Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van.
Significance of the study
By rapid increase of population around Manila area, building structure using used container
vans have big advantage; will help to reduce congestion by securing some of students and other
potential tenants for their shelter. It also adds for the decrease of eyesore and space in nearby ports.
The location of the structure should be along E. Rodriguez Ave. near in welcome rotunda
for his high location to avoid flooding for the wellbeing of occupant during rainy seasons, and
when storm comes. A place which near at university such as University of Santo Thomas (UST)
and other university only a ride.
The study will provide better comport for the benefactor and also for the parents for having
secured location with good security for the women. It also gives their necessity in food and shelter.
All of their needs for good living provided by premises in the time of calamity and everyday living.
It also contributes another aesthetic beauty in the neighborhood by adding architectural

design for proving that the container van can be used not only for shelter but to give attraction to
the member of the public around.
Through this research, will help the researcher to enhance the knowledge and skills in
applying all the theories, principles and actual practices, the researcher will learn and gain in their
academic and practical activities. This also gives more knowledge about engineering practices at
the same time, the opportunity to apply other aspect with regards to environmental consciousness
especially on using the unused container van.
Scope and delimitation
The researcher will limit the study of a design of four storey residential/commercial
building using unused container van located at E. Rodriguez Ave. Quezon City which was near at
welcome rotunda connecting Espana. The proposed structure is designed to demonstrate methods
suitable for the design in terms of applying principles of connections of container vans that will
also consider the characteristic of Geological conditions of the site that should be investigated to
determine soil composition and characteristic of the proposed location to establish social
acceptability of the project proposal.
This study focuses for building a multiple connections of container van with good provision
of sound and thermal insulation. The examination of the durability of the proposed material that
will meet based on the requirements of the National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP). It
will include the computations of structural components conforming to the ultimate strength of
American Institute for Steel Construction (AISC) and National Structural Code of the Philippines
2010 (NSCP).
The researcher will provide program of works that will be based on PERT/CPM and cost
of materials of the actual billing cost of the proposed project.
The writer limits this study to construction, and choosing the right materials only for structural,
and management of construction. It is only limited in the foundations, main structure of elevator
(elevator shaft only), room divisions, and all iron works involves in the construction.
The study does not cover the supply of elevators, air-conditioning system, and the electrical
system. Those parts are scheduled to their own expertise professionals.
Definition of terms
Container Van- is a container with strength suitable to withstand shipment, storage,

and handling. Shipping containers range from large reusable steel boxes used for
intermodal shipments to the ubiquitous corrugated boxes. In the context of international
shipping trade, container or shipping container is virtually synonymous with (standard)
intermodal freight container (a container designed to be moved from one mode of transport
to another without unloading and reloading).
Metro Manila (Filipino: Kalakhang Maynila, Kamaynilaan), commonly known

as Metro Manila, the National Capital Region (NCR) of the Philippines, is the seat of
government and the most populous region of the country which is composed of Manila,
the capital city of the country, Quezon City, the country's most populous city,
the Municipality, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Parañaque, Pasay, Pasig, San Juan,Taguig,
and Valenzuela.y of Pateros, and the cities of Caloocan, Las
Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina
Southwest Monsoon or (Habagat) is a tropical rain shower with vast precipitation

causes the flooding of Metro Manila
Port Area- is one of the defined neighborhood/community in Manila. The place

was developed from South Harbor, the first of the two sections of the Port of Manila
developed in the early 19th century. The North Harbor, separated by the Pasig River, is
situated in the vicinity of Tondo.
University belt- the place of most of the university in Manila where located (i. e.
U.S.T., FEU, FEATI, UE, LETRAN, SAN BEDA, MLQU, and other university in Manila)
Acronyms
ACI- American Concrete Institute
AISC- American Institute of Steel Construction
CPM- Critical Path Method
EPA- Environmental Protection Agency
ISBU- Intermodal Steel Building Units
LEED- Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
MRB- Medium Rise Building
NBCP- National Building Code of the Philippines
NHA – National Housing Authority
NSCP- National Structural Code of the Philippines
PERT- Program Evaluation and Review Technique
PAGASA- Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration
PAR- Philippine Area of Responsibility
PHILVOLCS- Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
SIP- Structural Insulated Panels
TIS-Transport Information Service
USD- Ultimate Strength Design

Unit II
Review of Related Literature and Studies
Overcrowding in Metro Manila is not common to all Filipinos, most of the citizen is trying
to find a better fortune, simply because most of the decent with high salary is in the Metro. During
the early days, the traffic congestion is not a big problem but due to the over population and
continues migration from the rural areas become worsen, not only the congestion rather housing
problem. Continues migration from the province adds more to the community and they form their
housed informally (informal settlers). Squatters are like mushrooms arises everywhere even to the
creek along to the tributaries of Pasig river. Informal settling adds tons of garbage to the creeks; it
is also become their sewerage system.
The first sections of this literature review are how the students who want to study in Manila
to live a decent by dwelling in a container van as a shelter or dormitory for the women lives in the
Metro. And comparison of the local and foreign buildings just like the proposed structure using
the container van.
The second section is to investigate the possible solution and alternative in the problem
discuss on the first section. The used of repurposed shipping containers for low-cost houses,
known as ISBUs, are mentioned specifically. This section starts with the history of the shipping
container as well as the birth of modern container architecture. An overview of the different uses
of shipping containers follows, with specific emphasis on containers as residential building
modules. The advantages and drawbacks for utilizing a container in this manner are also given,
and a discussion on the realistic study of an alternative modern haven for the student on the last
chapter.
1. Data Access
(a) Economic Environment
Migrants continued to flow to the national capital even after factories were not allowed
within a 50-kilometer radius from Manila and incentives were offered for businesses to operate in
the provinces. According to a 1984 USAID study, from 1970-1980, the population of Quezon City
increased by 48.6%, much faster than increase in Manila at the same period. The number of
squatters in Metro Manila was estimated at 1.6 million in 1981. When Ferdinand Marcos fled in
1986, new communities emerged in estates owned by Marcos cronies. The houses (shanties) along
Roxas Boulevard and in river bans and water ways become dense. (P.H.R.I. C. 2014)
(b) Social Condition
There is nothing new about the issue of “squatting”. It has been a phenomenon in Metro
Manila for more than 50 years now. Squatting become a stark phenomenon in Manila after the
Second World War, when a large number of victims built houses around Intramuros and Tondo
Foreshore land, which were reserved spaces for the expansion of the Manila Port. Now where the
port area is where the unused container van were abundant.
(c) Soil Analysis Data
Atterberg Limits Determinations- It is necessary to determine the properties of soil which

indicates physical properties of soil. The condition of the situ soil as often partially determined by
its water-plasticity ratio. Atterberg Limit indicates determination of liquid limit, plastic limit,
consistency index and liquidity index.
Grain Size Analysis- This determine by sieve analysis for coursed grained particles in soil
and by sedimentation analysis for fine soils. The sieve analysis consists of sieving a measured
quality of the soil through successively smaller sieves. The grain size test is performed to determine
the size of soil grains present. It then plotted to establish the interrelation of different grain size
chart whether suitable for the proposed project site.
Soil Types in Metro Manila
Metro Manila volcanic soils were studied to determine their suitability for landfill soil liner.
The soils were analyzed using XRD and XRF, and were tested for geotechnical properties. The
results show the presence of the smectite group, a swelling variety of clay. The smectite-type clays
are weathering products of volcanic glasses which are dominant components of the parental rocks.
The high amounts of Al2O3 indicate an Al-rich type of soil. The clay species is either di- or tri-
octahedral type, which points to montmorillonite as the main clay species. Swelling clay lowers
the permeability of soils and reduces the infiltration and lateral movement of leachates in the
ground. (Edna Patricia Mendoza. 2010)
2. Ultimate Strength Design
Ultimate strength design Ultimate strength design indicates a method of structural design
based on the ultimate strength by inelastic action of conventionally reinforced or prestressed
structural concrete cross-sections subject to simple bending, axial load, shear, bond., or
combinations thereof. Ultima~e strength design does not necessarily involve an inelastic theory of
structures. Evaluation of external moments and forces that act in indeterminate structural
frameworks by virtue of dead and live loads may be carried out either by the theory of elastic
displacements or by limit design. (E. Hognestad. 1956)
Classification of Structural Steel
All purpose carbon steel (A 36), (A 529)
These steel contains 1.7% Carbon 1.56% Manganese, 0.60% Silicon and 0.60% Copper.
The common type the A 36 has a yield stress of 2489 kPa, is suitable for bolted, welded or riveted
bridges and buildings.
High Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel (A441 and A 572)
Besides containing carbon and manganese, these steels obtain their higher strengths and
other properties by the addition of the more alloys such as Columbium, vanadium, chromium,
silicon, copper and nickel. These steels have yields stresses as low as 276 MPa and as high as 484
MPa. These steel have much greater atmospheric corrosion resistance than carbon steel.
Atmospheric-Corrosion-Resistance High Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel
These structural steel are alloyed with small percentages of copper to become more
corrosion resistant. When exposed to the atmosphere, the surface of these steel oxidize and form a
very tightly adherent film which prevents oxidation and used for Structures with exposed members
that are difficult to paint, such as bridges, electrical transmission towers.
Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel
These structural steels have an alloy in excess of those used in the carbon steels, and they
are heat-treated by quenching and tempering to obtain strong, and tough steel with yield strengths
which ranges from 484 MPa to 760 MPa. Some of the ASTM grades of steel under these type are
(A53, A500, A501, A570, A606,A618 and A709). (V.Besavilla Jr. 2007)
The comparison of a shear beam with Euler-Bernoulli beam. The design of the soil
container should be carried out in such a way to replicate as close as practicable the stress-strain
condition of an infinite lateral extent and finite depth soil profile, when subjected to a 1-
dimensional horizontal shaking. Axis of the centrifuge 50-g 1-g Arm of the centrifuge Package at
50-g. The working principle of a geotechnical centrifuge 142 S. Bhattacharya et al. 8.3.1 Before
Shaking (Geostatic Condition) The stress field at any point in a given plane in a mass of the soil
can be represented by normal and shear stresses. The effective vertical and horizontal stresses are
given by: v s g ′ = z (8.3) s s h v K0 ′= ′ (8.4) Where g and K0 are the unit weight of the soil and
the coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest respectively. In the geostatic condition the vertical
and horizontal planes are principal stress planes and the normal stresses acting on them are
principal stresses. (S. Bhattacharya. 2011)
Due to its durability and strength, it holds their cargo to his maximum capacity of 21.75
tons. Imagine how durable container is? By using this material will beneficial to the government
for increasing the amount of houses that can provide, it is so easy to built and be use. It can become
Intermodal Steel Building Units (ISBUs) by which it will alleviate the backlog of housing problem
in urban population. ( Anatoni Willem Botes.2013)
Steel Connections
Steel connections play important roles in the integrity of a structure, and many structural
failures are attributed to connection failures. Connections are the glue that holds a structure
together. The failures of the Hartford Civic Center in 1977, the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas
City in 1980, and the I-35W Bridge in Minneapolis in 2007 are all attributed to connection failures.
A good connection design requires engineer to have a good understanding of the mechanics and
steel behavior. The engineer also should know the fabricator’s limitations and experience. In the
past 20 years, in order to help students better understand various connection types; many schools
have acquired steel sculptures. A steel sculpture is a physical system that shows forty-eight types
of connections found in standard construction practices. Unfortunately, because of its size and
location (eight feet tall, weighs nearly 2500 pounds and usually erected outdoor), students do not
always have easy access to it. Moreover, today’s students who belong to the Google generation
are more comfortable with web-based learning tools. Through a NSF grant we have created an
interactive version of the steel sculpture to provide not only an effective learning opportunity but
also a 24-7 access to students and educators in the United States and abroad.( S. Moaveni 2014)
National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP)
The National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume 1, 6th edition 2010, and may be
cited as such and will be referred to herein as the code.
The purpose of the code is to provide minimum load requirements for the design of the
buildings, tower and other vertical structures, and minimum standard guidelines to safeguard lives
and limb, property and public welfare by regulating and controlling the design, construction quality
of materials pertaining to the structural aspects of all the buildings and structures within its
jurisdiction. (NSCP 2010).
3. Provisions/Structural Properties of Container Van
Different Types of Container

The design requirements illustrated in the previous section can be achieved through
various types of container design. It must be mentioned however that each of the designs has its
own advantages and disadvantages, and they satisfy the different design requirements to a different
degree. The different types of soil container avail-able can be summarized as follow:
Rigid container
Rigid container with flexible boundaries (e.g. duxseal or sponge)
Rigid container with hinged end-walls
Equivalent Shear Beam (ESB) container
Laminar container
The container has energy efficiency, they claim that when the appropriate coating are
installed, the envelope reflects about 95 percent of outside radiation, resist the loss of interior heat,
provides an excellent air infiltration barrier and does not allow water to migrate in.
One idea that has occurred is that this system might benefit from the use of SIP;s (Structural
Insulated Panels) for the roofs, rather than standard truss framing. SIP’s are very well insulated,
install quickly, and use much less wood than conventional roof.
An idea whose time seems to have arrived is the use of stockpiled shipping containers as
modular units for building homes. Because of the balance of trade in the United States, these hefty
steel boxes are piling up in ports around the country and posing a storage problem. Several
architects and builders are taking advantage of this surplus to recycle the containers.
Requirements of a Model Container
The model container must have adequate lateral stiffness so that a zero lateral strain ( K0
condition) condition can be maintained. This is particularly pronounced in centrifuge testing
during the centrifuge spin-up.
The frictional end walls must have the same vertical settlement as the soil layer so that no
additional stresses are induced in the soil. This effect is particularly important in centrifuge
testing during the swing up. However, in 1-g testing any unwanted component of vertical
motion should not induce additional stress in the soil at the boundaries. Further details on the
conditions related to the centrifuge testing can be found in Brennan ( 2003 )
Hi-cube steel containers are best for building structures: Have a net interior ceiling height
8’ 11” and a standard container’s ceiling height is one foot less than that at 7’ 11”. Many people
want refrigerated insulated containers.. It has interior walls with polyester insulation inside
already, so you can’t weld anywhere due to insulation catching fire, can’t run wiring or plumbing
inside the walls. Theoretically, one could put electrical via metal conduit pipes mounted on the
outside of those inside walls and avoid any welding, but how ugly would that look? The aluminum
container is a lot weaker and more expensive than steel, the reefer unit takes up a lot of space and
has to be removed, etc. Steel containers are easy to work with, and the easy to apply ceramic
exterior coating gives you outstanding heat insulation by reflecting heat before it heats up the
exterior steel surfaces. (Zeng and Schofield 1996)
Dimensions and Capacity of Container Van
External Dimensions
Length 6,058 +0mm 19’10 ½” +0
-6mm -1/4”
Width 2,438 + 0mm 8’ +0
-5mm -3/16”
Height 2,896 + 0mm 9’6” +0
-5mm -3/16”
Internal Dimensions
Length 5,898 + 0mm 19’ 4 13/64” +0

-6mm -1/4”
Width 2,350 + 0mm 7’ 8 33/64” +0
-5mm -3/16”
Height 2,695 + 0mm 8’10 3/32” +0
-5mm -3/16”
Door opening dimensions
Width 2,338 + 0mm 7’ 8 3/64” +0
-5mm -3/16”
Height 2,585 + 0mm 8’ 5 49/64” +0
-5mm -3/16”
Internal cubic capacity (Nominal)
37.4 cu.m 1,320 cu.ft
Forklift pockets
Width 360 mm 1’ 2 11/64”
Height min. 115 mm 4 ½”
Centre to centre 2,050 mm +/- 50 mm 6’ 9” +/-2”
Ratings
Max. Gross Weight (R) 30,480 kgs 67,200 lbs
Tare Weight (design) (T) 2,300 kgs 5,070 lbs
Max. Payload (P) 28,180 kgs 62,130 lbs
Tare Weight Tolerance 2%

Test Load:
Post Strength 86,400 kg/post : 25.4 mm Lateral
Floor Strength 7,260 kg (16,000 lbs)
Total Contact area 284 sq.ft.
Wall Strength (Front) 0.4 P = 11272 kg
Wall Strength (Side) 0.6 P = 37,270 kg
Wall Strength (Door) 0.4 P = 11,272 kg
Roof Strength 300 kg (weakest)
Base Frame (Flooring) 18 pcs cross member in 20 footer
Yielding Point of Flooring = 25 kg/sq.mm
Tensile Strength of Flooring =41 kg/sq mm
Seismic Analysis
Over the past forty years, the use of shaking table soil containers has become common
place. Both single-gravity and centrifuge containers have been developed to tackle a wide variety
of geodynamic.
Figure 2. Zeng & Schofield’s (1996) Equivalent Shear Beam soil container.
The idealized test soil response to base acceleration has been presented elsewhere and is as
depicted in Figure 2(c). Vertically propagating shear waves induce shear stresses within a test soil.
Normal stresses are kept constant. Lateral deflection u of the soil column in the y-direction is
caused by shear deformation. The shear stress at depth d is the product of the soil density ρ and
the integral of lateral acceleration through the overlying soil. Given surface acceleration d =0 u��
and acceleration d u�� at depth d, first-order finite difference approximations for the shear stress
τ′zy and shear strain γzy at time t are:
(a)
(b) (c)
Figure 3. The shear stack: (a) cross section; (b) long section; (c) long section during testing.
The limiting shear modulus for the deposit is calculated using Hardin & Drnevich’s (1972)
Here, surface accelerations are calculated in similar fashion by making reference to sensors
a1 and a6 (see Figure 3(c)):
This non-linear elastic model relates shear strain γzy to shear stress τ′zy using limiting
values of shear stiffness G0 and shear stress τ′max:
An expression for τ′max can be derived from a consideration of Mohr’s circles for a soil
element of density ρ and strength φ′ undergoing lateral acceleration (Zeng & Schofield, 1996):
(a) (b)
Figure 4. End-wall deflections (symbols) compared to the idealized response calculated at

equivalent acceleration levels (dashed lines): (a) Zeng and Schofield’s (1996) ESB; (b) the shear
stack.
(a) (b)
(b)
Figure 5. The evolution of G and D with shear strain.

Gr represents an average value for the test sand. It has been normalized by (Go)d=H / 2
(16.5Mpa) for plotting in Figure 6. The associated strain levels are derived by double integration
of the acceleration time histories measured by sensor a5.
(a) (b)
Figure 6. FRFs at different (RMS) excitation accelerations: (a) magnitude; (b) phase.
Figure 7: Time histories for pulse tests of increasing magnitude.
Pulse testing
The travel time t of a shear wave propagating vertically through the shear stack can be
determined using a pulse type excitation and subtracting the time of peak base response from the
time of peak surface response. For homogeneous soil deposits of density ρ and depth H, travel
times can be converted to shear moduli with the following relationship:
National Structural Code of the Philippines 2010. Section 208.5.2.1 entitled “Design Base
Shear” shows how to determine the total design base shear of the structures, in computation, the
section shows the equation to compute total base shear.
V=CrIW/RT
The total design base shear need not exceed the following:
V=2.5 CaIW
The total design base shear shall not less than the following:
V= 0.11 CaIW
V= 0.82 WvIW
Where:
I= Importance
R= Response modification factor
Z= Seismic Zone Factor
T= Fundamental neutral period of the building

¾
T= G(hn)
Ct= 0.0853 for steel moment- resisting frame

Ct= 0.0731 for reinforce concrete moment-resisting frame and

eccentrically braced frame
Ct=0.0488 for all other buildings
Portal Method
Three conditions in frame analysis using portal method: first, the hinge is placed at the
center of each girder since this is assumed to be the point of inflection zero moment: Second, a
hinge is placed at the center of each column, since this assumed to be a point of inflection column
hinges is twice that at that exterior column hinges, since the frame is considered to be a
superposition of portals.
Soil strata within the ground or underneath a prototype structure have infinite lateral extent
while a model test will have a finite size. The challenge is therefore to replicate the boundary
conditions of a ground in a container with finite dimensions. The theoretical pattern of deformation
is dependent on the assumption one makes regarding the variation of shear modulus with depth. It
may be noted that the displacement is constant at a particular horizontal plane and the amplitude
of displacement varies with depth. The soil column can therefore be idealized as a shear beam.
In North Charleston, SC, Tampa Armature Works (TAW) and local contractors quickly
and easily constructed a container house, blending it perfectly into the surrounding neighborhood.
They used four 40′ x 8′ x 8′ ISBUs laid side-by-side to create a three-bedroom, 1,280-square-foot
home without a hint of its original corrugated-steel exterior. (Mark Fuller 2012)
4. Current Cost of the Materials
Part of the shipping container housing we are looking to do is to encourage others to get
involved and DIY (do it yourself!) which is why this project has come up which is basically we
supply “SECONDHAND” containers at P60,000 each now these have been used and will be
battered in some way no doubt but you have to remember your cladding over the exterior/interior
and on top of that they were designed for ship travelling in some of the worst conditions on the
planet. Doesn’t mean they are going to be battered to death but it does mean that your buying a
pretty indestructible module if you take care of it. Rust issues will be minimalized due to the type
of steel involved and like most things its all about preparation rather than finish.
A 20ft container they are P60,000+ delivery we also provide 40ft but due to the road
conditions within Cebu I would recommend buying 2 20ft and welding them together as getting a
truck with HIAB (crane) is possible or even using a forklift or backhoe to unload and move to final
destination where as using 40ft containers the issues become more complex.(shipping container
for sale)
5. Program of Works Principle
The program of works principle are composed of two principle or methodology to achieve
maximum performance of the construction, this involves the (PERT) Program Evaluation Review
Technique, and the (CPM) Critical Path Method.
(a) PERT- Program Evaluation Review Technique
A PERT chart is a project management tool used to schedule, organize, and coordinate
tasks within a project. PERT stands for Program Evaluation Review Technique, a methodology
developed by the U.S. Navy in the 1950s to manage the Polaris submarine missile program.
A PERT chart presents a graphic illustration of a project as a network diagram consisting

of numbered nodes (either circles or rectangles) representing events, or milestones in the project
linked by labelled vectors (directional lines) representing tasks in the project. The direction of the
arrows on the lines indicates the sequence of tasks. In the diagram, for example, the tasks between
nodes 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 must be completed in sequence. These are called dependent or serial tasks.
The tasks between nodes 1 and 2, and nodes 1 and 3 are not dependent on the completion of one
to start the other and can be undertaken simultaneously. These tasks are
called parallel or concurrent tasks. Tasks that must be completed in sequence but that don't
require resources or completion time are considered to have event dependency. These are
represented by dotted lines with arrows and are called dummy activities. For example, the dashed
arrow linking nodes 6 and 9 indicates that the system files must be converted before the user test
can take place, but that the resources and time required to prepare for the user test (writing the user
manual and user training) are on another path. Numbers on the opposite sides of the vectors
indicate the time allotted for the task.
The PERT chart is sometimes preferred over the Gantt chart, another popular project
management charting method, because it clearly illustrates task dependencies. On the other hand,
the PERT chart can be much more difficult to interpret, especially on complex projects. Frequently,
project managers use both techniques. (Rose,M 2007)
(b) CPM Critical Path Method
LEED rating system (Green Building Design)
LEED rating system or green building design also known as sustainable design or
environmental design is the concept of construction built principles in economic, social and
ecological sustainability. Rating system that help people, professional designer or anyone else who
interested, to make scene out of incredibility complex interplay of materials, process and
techniques that combined to create a green building. Well-designed rating systems that have a
meaningful accreditation process can clarify the issues and create a healthier and more sustainable
habitat. (Constantino and Maligalig 2013).
RELATED STUDIES (Local and Foreign)
According to the study of the group of the researcher headed by Jerick S. Agnes, designing
an 8 storey sustainable hotel and restaurant, that a building could be sustainable by applying
sustainability of energy and green design by integrating the eco-friendly materials.
In conformity with the research of Josepina Santos de Asis, in Potential of Container

Housing in the Philippines, she said, using of the container van is very effective especially for the
low cost housing without using air-conditioning system rather having proper ventilation to reach
the needs of shelter for the poorest of the poor. While NHA (National Housing Authority) already
designed Medium Rise Building (MRB) using the material began on 1953 in Bagong Baranggay
Housing Project. That project model succeeded and began to build an MBR (i.e. 7 storeys) in an
attempt to provide a larger number of housing units. However, issues regarding maintenance and
congestion resulted to the deterioration of the project that led to the restriction to only 4 to 5 storey
made by the NHA. (Josepina Santos de Asis 2012)
While the feasibility study conducted by Professor Will Macht, and Caroline Uittenbroek
in some parts of Europe, especially in Amsterdam, the municipality had required that the
development needed to be a temporary solution increasing number of college students. The project
was only permitted to occupy the site for five years and then other redevelopment plans were to
be made for this location. Shipping container construction is inherently mobile and after five years
the units could be moved and reused on another site. The classification as temporary buildings
proved auspicious because that subjected them to less restrictive building code requirements, an
important consideration for a new venture. Keetwonen is the first project of Tempohousing. The
project consists of 1,000 container units, a laundry, a small supermarket, a bike repair shop and a
restaurant spread over area. (Caroline Uittenbroek.2009)
Shelter and housing provided for victims of disasters falls along a continuum usually
including four categories from pre-disaster emergency shelters, temporary shelters, temporary
housing to permanent re-housing (Quarantelli, 1995; and Nigg et al., 2006). This research assesses
the utilization of used shipping containers in post-disaster housing applications, particularly
temporary shelters and temporary housing. However, discrete categories for post disaster shelter
are becoming decreasingly relevant. It has become apparent that long term and long distance
displacement, like that seen after Hurricane Katrina, can create a grey area between immediate
shelter and permanent housing (Levine et al., 2007). Following natural disasters, reconstruction
projects are sandwiched between the immediate necessity to act promptly and the long-term need
for sustainable community development, resulting in policy-affecting realities of conflicting
paradigms (Johnson et al., 2006). These trends reflect the increasing demand for innovation and
flexibility in the traditional post disaster housing response. (Goumin Zhang. 2014)
The use of container van is now accepted in the market today just like one interior designer
John Vigilia designed a home for his grandfather for jus only a 15 square meter container van with
a beautiful outcome. According to Katherine Lopez the author of Realiving, “Living in a container
van is no longer difficult to imagine nowadays. A quick search will churn out numerous results –
from industrial-style bungalows to modern, multi-storey homes. In the Philippines, some
developers have already started converting unused container vans into houses, offices, and even a
transient dormitory” (Katherine Lopez.2015)
According to the study of Panya Go Boonsirithum Filipino, a Thai-born naturalized

Filipino proposed to his employer, Arcya Commercial Corporation, built City Hub Mandaluyong,
a Spartan, dormitory-type inn for blue-collar workers from old container vans, “Our company just
went a little further and used them as the main structure for our buildings. They met all criteria
that we were looking for: sturdy, mobile and cheap to construct. Plus, they were environment
friendly since we are recycling old, discarded vans,” Boonsirithun adds. He also states that a
container van can accommodate 22 beds and can be rented by 1500/month inclusive the water,
electricity including air-condition for eight hours. (Panya Go Boonsirithum 2015 )m
UNIT III
Method of Procedures
Research is a process of systematic investigation and experimentation aimed for the

discovery, interpretation and applications of scientific data that will help researchers to achieve
their goals at the end of the study. Before any research begins, researcher should determine first
the scope, purpose, method and its procedures to be use in the project study. Data gathering
required in order for the project study to be precise thus allowing the researcher to produce a proper
output. The data gathered should be enough and reasonable to represent the whole process.
This unit discuss the methods that the researchers used I order to conduct the project study
and arrived at a solution to attain the objectives that the researcher raised.
Research Design
Research development is a technological research used by the researchers that deals with
the engineering and technical problems. It takes through findings of basic theories and principles
and applying it through thinking among developers of research development specialist. It is a
systematic study and application of knowledge or understanding to determine the mines by which
recognize and specific need may be meet. It is to achieve the “Design of Four Storey
Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van” and the materials are abundant
in Manila Port area, this kind of material will become a modern structure when this study will
come into reality.
One of the phrases of research and development is the concept exploration which explains
how clearly the written and possible visual description of the proposed project study that indicates
its primary features and benefits. The researcher used this intention to integration of new
procedures of improvement and new innovation of the modern day structure by using unused
container van.
Research Environment
The design of a four storey residential/commercial building using unused container van is
located at E. Rodriguez Avenue Quezon City which is very near at welcome rotunda connecting
Along Espana Boulevard which is where most of reputable schools are located. The location site
is at the corner of P. A. Paterno St. and N. Noche St. along E. Rodriquez Ave. The proposed study
is approximately 850 square meters which is very suitable for the proposed modern day structure
that can accommodate more students’ even professors and the likes.
All the data gathered by the researcher are comes from the review of related literature and
university library, journals, articles and internet, it also includes more efficient information from
the owner itself and from their private architect’s office.
Procedure
The researcher use different references such as books, periodicals, news, and internet to
gather information regarding container van concepts necessary in projecting the proposed study.
Consults different offices, libraries, private offices, and conducted some investigation for
collecting data for the proposed study.
1. Data gathering and analysis
a. Economic Environment
b. Social Condition
c. Soil Analysis Data
2. Designing a Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van.
a. Designing of different components

b. Seismic Analysis (Portal Method)
c. Designing of Steel Stairs (with concrete)
d. Compute for the weight of the slab with steel decking (with concrete)
e. Design of Axially Loaded Tension Member
3. Preparation of Technical Specification, Cost Estimates and Program of Works
a. Technical Specification
The specification is definite description of the requirements to be fulfilled for the

construction, appearance and performance of a service of material specification should be written.
It is the detailed materials and kinds of materials to be used in the proposed construction of the
project that supposed to be performed.
b. Cost Estimates and Bill of Materials
The cost estimates and bill of materials determine the total cost of the project including the
labor cost, equipment cost, escalation of labor and materials, profit of the contractor, and including
all the taxes and documentation. The expenditures for acquiring building permits and professional
fees are included in the cost estimate and bill of material for the total allotment for the proposed
project.
c. Program of Works
The program of works, the researcher used PERT/CPM (Program of Evaluation and
Review Technique/ Critical Path Method) which is a graphical illustration of the time table
showing the sequence of activities and the progress of work presenting the program of works of
the proposed project.
4. Working Plans and Drawings
The working drawings contain the necessary details and information to enable one to know
the exact picture to all the elements, measures and how various structured parts are to be put
together to form the whole structure. It will determine what will be the actual view or perspective
of the project regarding the design of four storey residential/commercial building using unused
container van that will appear to be modern structure incorporating the LEED rating system to
achieve green building design.
5 Assessment Evaluation in Terms of LEED Rating System
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a rating system devised by the
United States Green Building Council (USGBC) to evaluate the environmental performance of a
building and encourage market transformation towards sustainable design. The system is credit-
based, allowing projects to earn points for environmentally friendly actions taken during
construction and use of a building. LEED was launched in an effort to develop a “consensus-based,
market-driven rating system to accelerate the development and implementation of green
building practices.
Design Concepts
All the design concepts which follow existing laws, regulation standards of local
government, national government to produce and improve quality shelter and commercial
establishment that will achieve green building design.
Specification governs methods of construction including materials to be used, design plan

and drawings. Different concepts of civil engineering subject and theories of structures, strength
of materials, steel design and other subject related to the study conducted. Different concepts in
each subject help gathering data and development of the proposed design.
This study used grain size analysis per ASTM D422 and Atterberg’s Limit per ASTM
D4318 to evaluate soil sample pertaining to its classification. The specifications used in the study
was based on the standards presented by National Building Code of the Philippines, National
Structural Codes of the Philippines 2010 (NSCP 2010), and the existing laws and regulations of
Quezon City Engineering Office. Structural computations of different members of the structures
were base on the Ultimate Strength Design Method of NSCP-2010. Portal Method of Analysis was
based from the existing cost of materials. The possible program of works, the researcher will be
used PERT/CPM to estimate the time required in order to computes the proposed project.
UNIT IV
Result and Discussion
1. Data Gathering Analysis
(a) Economic Environment
According to the investigation of the researcher for a design of the four storey
commercial/residential building using unused container van will be located at the corner lot of
P.A Paterno St. and Corner P. Noche St. along E. Rodriguez Ave.
There are many business establishment within the area and along that avenue, many
medium rise building were being built and the location of the property is highly elevated than
Espana which is always being flooded during rainy seasons. And along that road only the property
of Santos Serrentes is the only lot which is not develop.
The researcher found out that the location will add to the economic stability of the place
along E. Rodriquez Ave., also will help to the students and persons who lives and working around
within the vicinity to find a safe place and shelter. The project site is a safe location during rainy
days for having an elevated area and there is no history of flooding during typhoon.
(b) Social Condition
The social condition of a design of four storey residential/commercial building using

unused container van will become an icon to the locality, it is only building in that area will be
using container van but has a modern design to become a model structure along that vicinity.
Many student will love to live on the building because of her modern design and captivating look
to the public.
It is also very accessible to the public transport and have an easy ride going to university.
Also there are some grocery store along the area and many business establishment, so the future
tenants of the four storey residential/commercial building have access to their immediate needs.
Fire and safety of the building is safe, because the building is not combustible and also that
the design of the structure is steel design and it is not a combustible materials so the building is
safe from danger especially on fire and others.
(c) Soil Analysis
The soil analysis was done by the researcher in the data that was gathered in district of
Quezon City and found out that along the area of E. Rodriquez Ave is a Macolod Clay Loam.
Atterberg Limit Determination
Project : Design of Four Storey Commercial/Residential Building Using

Unused Container Van.
Location of the Project P.A Paterno St. and Corner P. Noche St. along E. Rodriguez Ave.
Boring No. : 1,2, and 3
Description of Soil : Macolod Clay
Depth of Sample : 1.50 Meters
Liquid Limit Determination
Can Number 1 2 3
Wt. of Wet Soil +Can 22.29 20.27 19.4
Wt. of dry Soil +can 17.8 15.96 15.12
Wt. of Can 5.4 5.4 5.6
Wt. of Dry Soil 12.4 10.56 9.52
Wt. of Moisture 4.49 4.31 4.28
Water Content, w% 36.21 40.81 44.96
No. of Blows, N 36 28 15
Liquid Limit = 42.12 Table No.1
Plastic Limit Determination

Can Number 1 2 3
Wt. of Wet Soil +Can 10.37 11.88 11.93
Wt. of dry Soil +can 9.35 10.51 10.49
Wt. of Can 5.6 5.4 5.4
Wt. of Dry Soil 3.75 5.11 5.09
Wt. of Moisture 1.02 1.37 1.44
Water Content, w% 27.2 26.81 28.29
Plastic Limit = 27.43 Table No. 2
Plastic Index = 14.69
Based from the result of Attersberg’s limit test the soil is classified as “Inorganic Clay of the
medium plasticity with allowable soil pressure of 100-300 Kpa as described
in the NSCP.
Water Content Determination
Project : A Design of Commercial/Residential Building Using Unused Container

Van
Boring No. :1, 2, and 3
Description of Soil : Macolod Clay Loam
Water Content Determination
Average Water Content = (76.07+48.81+22.80) = 49.23%

3
Grain Size Analysis-Mechanical
Peoject : Design of Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container
Van
Project Location : E Rodriguez Ave., Quezon City
Boring No. : 1, 2, & 3
Description of Soil : Macolod Clay Loam
Shieve No. Diameter Weight RetainedCum Weight Cum Cum

(mm) (grams) Retained (grams)% Retained % Passing
1/2" 12.5 0 0 0 100
3/8" 9.5 2 2 0.09 99.1
4 4.75 15 17 7.3 92.7
10 1.68 25 42 18.1 81.9
40 0.42 27 69 29.7 70.3
100 0.149 22 91 39.2 60
200 0.74 21 112 48.3 51.7
Pan 0 120 232 100 0
Total 232
Based from the resultant of Mechanical Analysis, the soil is classified as
clay ( Passing No. 200 shieve˃50%)
Table No. 3
Shieve Size Percentage (%)
No. 10 81.9
No. 40 70.3
No. 200 51.7
Liquid Limit 42.12
Plasticity Index 14.69
Group Classification A-7-6
Designing of the Building
Seismic Analysis
Seismic Analysis : Long Direction
Procedure:
Assupmtion of Loads:
Roof Deck
Slab 100mm thk
Roof Steel Tubing Beam 60mm x 60mm = 0.054 KN/m
Total Steel Beam =0.225 KN/m
Parapet (Composite Panel) =0.20 KN/m
Steel Roof =0.23 KN/m
Steel Flooring = 0.32 KN/m
Total Steel Flooring =0.55 KN/m
Side Steel Wall =0.115KN/m
Roof Deck Long Direction
Tributary Area = 12m x 2.4m x 12m
Slab 28.8 x 12 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ =813.54 KN
Parapet 12 x 2 x 0.20 KN/m² = 4.80 KN
Steel Tubing Beam 28.8 x 1 x 2 x 0.05 KN/m² = 3.11 KN
Steel Roofing 12 x 2.4 x 12 x 0.23 KN/m² = 79.49 KN
Finishing 28.8 x 12 x 0.77 KN/m² =226.11 KN
Utility 12 x 12 x 2.4 x 0.04 KN/m² = 13.82 KN
1180.88 KN
4th Floor
Tibutary Area = 12m x 2.4m x 12

Slab 28.8 x 1.5 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ =101.69 KN
Flooring (3/4” Plywood) 10.5 x 2.4 x 12 x 0.24 KN/m² = 72.58 KN
Steel Column 2.9 x 4 x 12 x 0.32 KN/m² = 44.54 KN
Finishing 12 x 2.4 x 12 x 0.77 KN/m² = 266.11 KN
Patitions 2.9 x 21 x 5.25 x 0.16 KN/m² = 49.56 KN
Utility 12 x 2.4 x 12 x 0.04 KN/m² = 13.82 KN
Steel Beam 28.8 x 1 x 2 x 0.23 KN/m = 12.96 KN
516.27 KN
3rd FloorTibutary Area 12m x 2.4m x 12
Slab 28.8 x 1.5 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 101.69 KN
Steel Column 2.9 x 4 x 12 x 0.32 KN/m² -= 44.54 KN
Partitions 2.9 x 21 x 5.25 x5.25 KN/m² = 49.56 KN
Steel Beam 28.8 x 1 x 2 x 0.23 KN/m² = 12.96 KN
561.27 KN
2nd Floor
Tributary Area 12m x 2.4 x 12
Slab 28.8 x 12 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 813.54 KN

Partitions 2.9 x 21 x 5.25 x 0.16 KN/m² = 49.56 KN
Conc. Beam 0.6 x 0.3 x 57.6 KN/m² = 224.06 KN
Conc. Cross ‘Beam 0.4 x 0.2 x 57.6 KN/m² = 108.47 KN
1,269.95 KN
*Cv = 0.56 NV ( Table 208-8)
Fundamental Period of Vibration (T)
T = CT (hn)¾ (NSCP 2001, Section 208-5.22, eg. 208=8. P. 2-83)
CT = 0.0853 for steel moment resisting frames
hn = 13.2 m
T = CT (hn)¾ = 0.853 (13.2)¾ = 0.59 < 0.705
1. Solving for Base Shear V:
V = Cv I W (NSCP 2010, Section 208-4. P. 2-83)

RT
Where: W = Total dead load of the structure in KN
W = to be find 3573.37 KN
Cv = 0.64
I = 1.0
R = 5.5
T = 0.38
*V = 0.4 (1.0) (3573.37)

8.5 x 1.074
V = 241.96
Ft = 0.07 (1.074) (241.96) = 18.19
Floor Level b w hxw Fx = (V-Ft) hw

Σ hw
Roof Deck 13.2 1180 15576 126.29
4th Floor 9.3 561.27 5219.81 42.32
3rd Floor 6.4 561.27 3592.13 29.12
2nd Floor 3.5 1269.75 4444.13 36.03
28832.06 233.76
Table No.4
2. Solving for Column Shear V
Roof Deck
Horizontal Shear = 1180.88 KN
Let x = shear carried by each exterior column
Let 2x = shear carried by each interior column

x + 2x (12) + x = 126.29 KN
24 x = 126.29 KN
X = 5.26 KN m.
2x = 10.52 KN m.
4th Floor
x + 2x (12) + x = 42.32 + 126.29 KN
24 = 168.61 KN
x = 7.03 KN m.
2x = 14.05 KN m.
3rd Floor
x + 2x (12) + x = 29.12 + 42.32 + 126.29 KN
24x = 197.73 KN
x = 8.24 KN m.
2x = 16.48 KN m.
2nd Floor
x + 2x (12) + x = 36.03 + 29.12 + 42.32 + 126.29 KN
12x = 233.76 KN
x = 19.48 KN m.
2x = 38.96 KN m.
3. Solving for Column Moment M:
Roof Deck10.
MAN = MNA = 5.26 (2.9) = 7.63 KN m.

2
4th Floor
MNa = MaN = 7.03 (2.9 ) = 10.19 KN m.

2
3rd Floor
Mna = Man = 8.24 (2.9 ) = 11.95 KN m.

2
2nd Floor
Mnv = Mvn = 19.48 (2.9 ) = 28.25 KN m.
4. Solving for Girder Moment M:
Σ MQ = 0
MA’B’ = MA’N’ = KN m.
MA’B’ = 17.92 KN m.
Σ MM = 0
MNO = MN’A’ + MNA = 10.19 + 11.95 = 22.14 KN m.
MNO = 22.14 KN m.
5. Solving for Girder Shear V:

Roof Deck
MA”B” = VA”B” = 64.15 KN m.
VA”B” = 7.73 = 6.44 KN m.

1.2
4th Floor
MNO = VNO = 105.55 KN m.
VNO = 17.92 = 14.93 KN m.
1.2
Summary of Lateral Forces at frame along long direction (by floor)
Roof Deck = 126.29
4th Floor = 42.32
3rd Floor = 29.12
2nd Floor = 36.03

233.76
Wind Load:
Design of wind Forces F (KN)

Velocity
Pressure
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 kz. Kzt. Kd. V²IW (NSCP 2010, Table 207-3,p.2-24)
Where:
qz = Kpa
V = Basic wind speed in km/hr
IW = Importance Factor (NSCP 2010, Table 207-3, p. 2-24)
kz = velocity pressure exposure coefficient (NSCP 2010, Table 207-4, p. 2-25)
kzt = wind speed-up on terrain (NSCP 2010, sec. 207.5.7, p. 2-26 shall not less
than 1.0)
kd = wind direction factor (NSCP 2010, sec. 207-2, p. 2-23)
Therefore:
V = 50 kph Zone I (NSCP 2010, sec.207-1.,p.2-23)
IW = 1.15 for hazardous category II from NSCP 2001, Table 207-2, p.2-18
kzt = (1 + k 1 k 2 k 3)² (NSCP 2010, eq. 207-3, p. 2-26)
kzt = 1.0 for flat open country and grassland or at exposure category C
(NSCP 2010,p.2-19)
kdt = 0.85 (for building)
kz = 2.01 (2/2q)ˆ²q
Where:
z = 1.09 for category C (NSCP 2010, Table 207-4, p.2-18)

zg = 275
a = 9.5
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient; kz (NSCP 2010, Table 207-4,p.2-25)
@ Roof Deck (h = 13.2m.)

kz = 1.04
@ 4th Floor (h = 9.3m)
kz = .98
@ 3rd Floor (h =6.4m.)
kz = 0.90
@ 2nd Floor (h = 3.5m.)
kz = 0.85
Velocity Pressure; qz
@ Roof Deck
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 kz kzt kd V² I W
qz = 47.3 x 10 ˆ-6 (1.04)(1.0)(0.85)(250)² (1.15)
qz = 3.0 Kpa
@ 4th Floor
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (.98)(1.0)(.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 2.62 Kpa
@ 3rd Floor
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (.90)(1.0)(.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 2.60 Kpa
@ 2nd Floor
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (.85)(1.0)(.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 2.45 Kpa
Wind Pressure P:
Minimum wind force resisting system
F = qz G Cf Af (NSCP 2010, Table 207-1,p. 2-17)
Where:
qz at height 2 above the ground
G = given in NSCP 2010, Sec. 207-4-1,p. 2-17)
G = 0.85 for exposure C˂D
Cf = given in NSCP 2010,Table 207-6 to 207-10
Cf = 1.0 for all type of structures
Af = projected area of normal wind
Long Direction:
@ Roof Deck
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (3.0 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(28.8)
Fw = 73.44 KN
@ 4th Floor
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (2.62 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(28.8)
Fw = 75.46 KN
@ 3rd Floor
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (2.60 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(28.8)
Fw = 64.14 KN
@ 2nd Floor
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (2.45 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(28.8)
Fw = 59.98 KN
Lateral Force at Long Direction
@ Roof Deck
F = Fx + Fw
F = 126.29 + 73.44
F = 199.73 KN
@ 4th Floor
F = Fx + Fw
F = 42.32 + 75.46
F = 117.78 KN
@ 3rd Floor
F = Fx + Fw
F = 29.12 + 64.14
F = 93.26 KN
@ 2nd Floor
F = Fx + Fw
F = 36.03 + 59.98
F = 96.01 KN
Seismic Analysis: Short Direction
Procedure
Assumption of Loads:
Roof Deck
Slab 100mm thk
Total Steel Beam =0.225 KN/m
Parapet (Composite Panel) =0.20 KN/m
Steel Roof =0.23 KN/m
Steel Flooring = 0.32 KN/m
Total Steel Flooring =0.55 KN/m
Side Steel Wall =0.115KN/m

Roof Deck Short Direction
Tributary Area 12 x 28.8 x 1

Slab 28.8 x 12 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 813.54 KN
Parapet 12 x 2 x 0.20 KN/m² = 4.80 KN
Steel Tubing Beam 12 x 12 x 2 x 0.05 KN/m² = 15.55 KN
Steel Roofing 12 x 28.8x 1 x 0.23 KN/m² = 79.49 KN
Finishing 28.8 x 12 x 0.77 KN/m² = 266.11 KN
Utility 28.8 x 12 x 1 x 0.04 KN/m² = 13.82 KN
1,193.32 KN
4th Floor
Slab 28.8 x 1.5 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 101.69 KN
(Plywood) 10.5 x 28.8 x 1 x 0.24 KN/m² = 72.58 KN
Partitions 235 x 2.9 x 1 x 0.16 KN/m² = 105.63 KN
669.18 KN
3rd Floor
Slab 28.8 x 1.5 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 101.69 KN
669.18 KN
2nd Floor
Slab 32 x 12 x 0.1 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 101.69 KN
Steel Beam 288 x 1 x 1 x 0.17 KN/m² = 48.96 KN
Concrete Beam 0.6 x 0.3 x 57.6 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 224.06 KN
Conc. Cross Beam 0.4 x 0.2 x 57.6 x 23.54 KN/m³ = 108.47 KN
1455.62 KN
*Cv = 0.56 NV (Table 208-8)

Fundamental Period of Vibration (T)
T = CT (hn)ˆ¾ (NSCP 2001, Sec. 208-5.22, eg. 208-8.p.2-83)

CT = 0.0853 for steel moment resisting frames
hn = 13.2 m.
T = CT (hn)ˆ¾ = 0.853 (13.2)ˆ¾ = 0.59 < 0.705
1. Solving for Base Shear V:

V = Cv I W (NSCP 2010, Sec.208-4.p. 2-83)
RT
Where:
W = total dead load of the structure in KN
W = to be find 3987.3 KN
Cv = 0.64
I = 1.0
R = 5.5
T = 0.38
*V = 0.4 (1.0)(3987.3)
8.5 x 1.074
V = 174.71
Ft = 0.07 (1.074)(174.71) = 13.13
Floor Level b w hxw Fx = (V-Ft) hw

Σ hw
Roof Deck 13.2 1193.32 15751.82 81.18
4th Floor 9.3 669.18 6223.37 32.07
3rd Floor 6.4 669.18 4282.75 22.07
2nd Floor 3.5 1455.62 5094.67 26.25
31352.62 107.43
Table No. 5
2. Solving for Column Shear V:
Roof Deck
Horizontal Shear = 1193.32 KN
Let x = shear carried by each exterior column
Let 2x = shear carried by each interior column
Roof Deck
x + 2x + 2x + x = 81.18 KN
x = 13.53 KN
2x = 27.06 KN
4th Floor
Total shear = 81.18 + 32.07 = 113.25
6x = 113.25 KN
x = 18.875 KN
2x = 37.75 KN
3rd Floor
Total shear = 22.07 + 81.18 + 32.07 = 135.32
6x = 135.32 KN
x = 22.553 KN
2x = 45.11 KN
2nd Floor
Total shear = 26.25 + 22.07 + 81.18 + 32.07 = 135.32
2x = 161.57 KN
x = 82.79 KN
3. Solving for Column Moment:

Roof Deck
MA’E’ = ME’A’ = 13.53 (2.9) = 19.575 KN
2
MB’F’ = MF’B’ = 27.06 (2.9) =39.24 KN
2
4th Floor
ME’I’ = MI’E’ = 18.875 (2.9) = 27.37 KN
2
MF’J’ = MJ’F’ = 37.75 (2.9) = 54.73 KN
2
3rd Floor
MI’M’ = MM’I’ = 22.553 (2.9) = 32.70 KN
2
MJ’a’ = Ma’J’ = 45.11 (2.9) = 65.41 KN
2
2nd Floor
MM’O’ = MO’M’ = 82.79 (2.9) = 120.04 KN
2
Summary of Lateral Forces at Frame along Short Direction (by floor)
Roof Deck = 81.18
4th Floor = 32.07
3rd Floor = 22.07
2nd Floor = 26.25

107.43
Wind Load
Design of Wind Forces F (KN)
Velocity Pressure:
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 kz. Kzt. Kd. V²IW , (NSCP 2010, Table 207-3, p.2-24)
Where:
qz = KPa
V = basic wind speed in km/hr
IW = Importance Factor (NSCP 2010, Table 207-3, p. 2-24)
kz = velocity pressure exposure coefficient (NSCP 2010, Table 207-4,p.2-25)
kzt = wind speed-up on terrain (NSCP 2010,Sec 207.5.7,p.2-26 shall not
less than 1.0)
kd = wind direction factor (NSCP 2010, Sec. 207-2.,p.2-23)
Therefore:
V = 250 kph Zone I (NSCP 2010, Sec. 207-1.,p. 2-23)
IW = 1.15 for hazardous category II from (NSCP 2001,Table 207-2, p. 2-18)
kzt = (1+ k1 k2 k3)² (NSCP 2010, . 207-3, p. 2-26)
kzt = 1.0 for flat open country and grassland or at exposure category C
(NSCP 2010, p. 2-19)
kdt = 0.85 (for building)

kz = 2.01 (2/2q)ˆ2q
Where:
z = 1.09 for category C (NSCP 2010, Table 207-4, p. 2-18)
zg = 275
a = 9.5
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient; kz (NSCP 2010, Table 207-4, p. 2-25)

@ Roof Deck (h = 13.2 m)
kz = 1.04
@ 4th Floor (h = 9.3 m)
kz = 0.98
@ 3rd Floor (h = 6.4 m)
kz = 0.90
@ 2nd Floor (h = 3.5 m)
kz = 0.85
Velovity Pressure; qz
@ Roof Deck
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (1.04)(1.0)(0.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 3.0 KPa
@ 4th Floor
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (0.98)(1.0)(0.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 2.62 KPa
@ 3rd Floor
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (0.90)(1.0)(0.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 2.60 KPa
@ 2nd Floor
qz = 47.3 x 10ˆ-6 (0.85)(1.0)(0.85)(250)²(1.15)
qz = 2.45 KPa
Wind Pressure P:
Minimum Wind Force Resisting System
F = qz G Cf Af (NSCP 2010, Table 207-1, p. 2-17)
Where:
qz at height 2 above the ground
G = given in NSCP 2010, Sec. 207-4, (gust effect factor)
G = 0.85 for exposure C < D
Cf = 1.0 for all type of structures
Af = projected area of normal wind
Short Direction
@ Roof Deck
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (3.0 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(12)
Fw = 30.6 KN
@ 4th Floor
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (2.62 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(12)
Fw = 26.52 KN
@ 3rd Floor
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (2.60 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(12)
Fw = 26.52 KN
@ 2nd Floor
Fw = qz G Cf Af
Fw = (2.45 KPa)(0.85)(1.0)(1.0)(12)
Fw = 24.99 KN
Lateral Force at Short Direction

@ Roof Deck
F = Fx + Fw
F = 81.18 + 73.44
F = 154.62 KN
@ 4th Floor
F = Fx + Fw
F = 32.07 + 75.46
F = 107.53 KN
@ 3rd Floor
F = Fx + Fw
F = 22.07+ 64.14
F = 82.21 KN
@ 2nd Floor
F = Fx + Fw
F = 26.25 + 59.98
F = 86.23 KN
Figure 8: Portal Method Frame Analysis (Long Direction)
Portal Method Long Direction

Figure 9: Portal Method: Frame Analysis (Short Direction)
Portal Method Short Direction
Design of Steel Deck (Use the Roofing of Container Van as Steel Deck
Description:
The slab carries a dead load of 6.58 kn/m 2 and a live load of 12 kn/m2 (from NSCP 2010,
Table 205-1) with minimum concrete cover of 25 mm using normal weight of concrete with 28-
days strength , fc’= 20.7 Mpa and A 615-85 ASTM Standard grade; Grade 40 reinforcement with
yield strength, fy = 276 Mpa.
Based on the container van specification; the base frame of the structure of container
composed of two (2) bottom side rails, a set of forklift pockets and totally eighteen (18) cross
members. (Steinecker Containerhadel Specification)
The cross members are made of pressed channel section steel with a dimension of 45 x122
x 45 x 4.0mm for the normal areas and 75 x 122 x 45 x 4.5mm for the floor butt joints. The cross
members are place fully to withstand floor strength and welded to each bottom side rail.
(Steinecker Containerhadel Specification)
Computation of Dead Loads and Live Loads
Slab = ( 0.15)(23.54 KN/m³) = 3.53 KN/ m³

Steel Deck = (0.14 KN/m² ) = 0.14 KN/m²
Finishing =(0.77 KN/m²) = 0.77 KN/m²
Partition =(2.1 KN/m²) = 2.1 KN/m²
Total 6.54 KN/m²
2.4 meters
0.3Meters
______L_____ = ___2.4__ = 8 ˃ 2; One Way Slab

S .3
Minimum thickness = L 0.4 + fy

20 700
h = 2400 0.4 + 276

20 700
h = 120 ( 0.75) = 90 mm
d = 90- 20 – ½ diameter of bar
Assuming a 10 mm is used (minimum steel bar)
D= 90 – 20 – 5 = 65 mm
Consider 1 meter strip of slab.

Dead Load = (6.58 KN/m²) (1m) = 6.58 KN/m

Live Load = (12.0 KN/m²) (1m) = 12.0 KN/m
Compute Moment:
Mu = Wu L²
8
Wu = 1.4 (DL) + 1.7 (LL)
Wu = 1.4 (6.58) + 1.7 (12)
Wu = 29.61 KN/m (1000) = 29,610 N/m
Mu = 29,610 (2.4)² (1000)

8
Mu = 21,329,200 N.mm
Compute the value of P:

P min. = 1.4
fy
P min. = 1.4 = 0.0051
276
P b = 0.85 fc’ β (600)
fy (600+fy)
Pb = 0.85 (20.7)(0.85)(600)
276 (600 + 276)
Pb = 0.0371
P max = 0.75 (0.0371)
P max = 0.0278 (ok)
Mu = Ø fc’ bd² w (1-59w)

21,329,200 = 0.90 (20.7)(1000)(65)² w (1-0.59w)
w = 0.34
P = w fc’
fy
P = 0.34 (20.7)
276
P = 0.0255 >0.0051
Use P = 0.0255
Compute steel requirements:

As = P b d
As = 0.0255 (1000)(65)
As = 1657.5 mm²
Compute spacing of bars: ( Use 10 mm Ø bars)
1000 = no. of bars needed per meter width
S
As = 𝜋(10)² = 78.54mm
40
1000 (78.54) = 1657.5
S
S= 47.38 say 50 mm on center.
Consider the thickness of the slab to be 100mm to lessen the number of bars and meet
the NSCP requirements.
Mu = Ø fc’ bd² w (1-59w)

21,329,200 = 0.90 (20.7)(1000)(100)² w (1-0.59w)
w = 0.12
P = w fc’
fy
P = 0.12 (20.7)
276
P = 0.009 >0.0051
Use P = 0.009
Compute steel requirements:

As = P b d
As = 0.009 (1000)(100)
As = 900mm²
Compute spacing of bars: ( Use 10 mm Ø bars)
1000 = no. of bars needed per meter width
S
As = 𝜋(10)² = 78.54mm
40
1000 (78.54) = 900
S
S= 87.86 say 90 mm on center.
Compute spacing of 10mm Ø temperature bar

As = 0.0018 bh for grade 400
As = 0.0018 (1000)(100)
As = 180 mm²
1000 𝜋 (10)² = 180
S 4
S = 436.33 mm on center say 450 < 500mm.
Use 10 mm bars @ 90 mm on center and 10mm temperature bars @ 450mm on

center, for a one way slab.
Design of Steel Beam

Description :
The beam carries a dead load of 6.58 KN/m², a live load of 12 KN/m² (from NSCP
2010, table 205-1), and earthquake load of 698.44 KN (from Seismic Analysis). A 36 Grade
Carbon Steel type with fy’= 35 Mpa.
Tributary area 2.4m x 12 m ( 28.8 m²)
Use the steel beam of Container Van ( compute if the steel beam of container van is
safe for having a concrete slab about 150mm)
Size of roof beam on container van: 60mm x 60mm x 3mm tubular (2)
Size of Floor Beam of container van: 200mmx 75mm x 4.mm tubular (2)
Compute the area:
A= (75(2)+200(2)) 4mm= 2,200mm²(2 joints) = 4,400mm²
A= 60 (4)(3mm)= 720 mm² (2 joints) = 1440mm²

Total 5,120 mm²
Compute for long direction:
Slab= 0.15 (23.54)(28.8) 101.69 KN

Steel Flooring(0.55KN/m²) (28.8) 15.84 KN
Utility (0.4 KN/m²) (28.8) 11.52 KN
Partition steel (0.58KN/m²(28.8) (2) 33.4 KN
Live Load (12.0 KN/m²) (28.8) 345.6 KN
Finishing (0.77 KN/m²) (28.8) 22.18 KN

503.23 KN
Seismic Load 590.89 KN
1094.11 KN
M= WL²
8
6
M= 19,693.98x 10 N.mm
Area required:
A= Total Load
Allow. Comp. Stress
A= 1094.11 KN
88N/mm²
A= 12,433.07 mm²˃ 5,120 mm²
Use the Partition wall as a support to the beam: (According to the specification of
container van the side wall carries 60% of the total payload amounting to 37,270 kg)
Size of patition wall: 2700 (2)(2) = 10,800 mm²
Beam + Partition Wall = 10,800 mm²+5120 mm²
Beam and Partition Wall = 15,920 mm²˃12,433.07 mm²
Compute for the compact section:

bf ˂ 170 (Flange)
2tf ⟌fy
150 = 9.38 ˂ 170 = 10.8 Compact Section
(4)4 √𝑓𝑦
Depth:
D 200(2) = 400 =25 plus the depth of the partition wall
tw 4(4) 16
d 264 = 66 = 66 +25 = 91
tw 2(2)
91 < 16980n = 106.68 Compact Section
√𝑓𝑦
Check for deflection

𝜕= L = 12,000 = 33.33mm
360 360
Design of Steel Column:

Description:
The container van has a column of 2 kinds of molded steel channel.
Properties of Steel Section:

A = 113+ 40 + 40 (6mm) = 1158mm²
A = 100 + 36 + 36 (12mm) = 2064mm²
Total Area of Steel 3222mm²
d = 113 mm
bf = 40 mm
tf = 18 mm
tw = 18 mm
fy = 245.5 Mpa or 25 kg/sq.mm (Steinecker Specification)
Solution:
Allowable axial compressive stress
K L = (1)(2900)
r 50.8
K L = 57.09 MPa
r
Cc =√ 2𝜋² E
Fy
Cc = √2𝜋²(2000)
245.5
Cc = 160.81 >57.09 Mpa
Fa = 1 – (KL/r)² Fy
2 Cc² F.S.
F.S. = 5 + 3(57.09) - (57.09)³

3 8(160.81) 8(160.81)³
F.S. = 2.98
Fa = 1 - (57.09)² 245.5
2(160.81)² 2.98
Fa = 67.72 MPa
Allowable Bending Stress:

Lb = 2900 mm
Lc = 200 bf
√fy
Lc = 200 (40)
√245.5
Lc = 510.53
137900
Lu = Fy d
bf tf
137900
Lu = 245.5 (113)
40(18)
Lu = 3579.03 mm
Lb > Lc
Lb < Lu
Use Fbx = 0.66 Fy

Fb = 0.66 (245.5)
Fb = 162.03 MPa
Interaction Value:
Cm = 0.85 (Subject to sideway)
fa = P
A
fa = 50130
3222
fa = 15.56 MPa
fa = 15.56
Fa 67.72
fa = 0.23 > 0.15

Fa
Use fa + Cm fbx ≤ 1.0
Fa 1- fa Fbx
Fe’x
Fe’x = 12𝜋² Es
23(KL/r)²
Fe’x = 12𝜋²(200000)
23 (57.09)²
Fe’x = 315.98 MPa
Magnification factor = Cm
1- fa
Fe’x
Magnification factor = 0.85
1- 15.56
315.98
Magnification factor = 0.89 < 1.0
fa + Cm fbx = 1.0
Fa 1- fa Fbx
Fe’x
15.56 + 0.89 fbx = 1.0

67.72 162.03
fbx = 140.18
Allowable bending stress

fa + Cm fbx = 1.0
Fa 1- fa Fbx
Fe’x
15.56 + 0.89 (140.18) = .9999< 1.0 (safe)
67.72 162.03
Check also:
fa + fbx ≤ 1.0
0.60 fy Fb
15.56 + 140.18 = 1.11 (ok)
147.3 147.3
Design of Welded Connection:
Description
All the connection of the container van will be welded to make sure the
structural stability of the connection of the structure. A full penetration groove welds using
E 70 xx electrodes (Fu = 485 MPa) is connecting the two 12mm x 2900mm metal post using
A 36 steel ( Fy= 247.5 say 248 MPa).
Solution:
Allowable load based on weld capacity:
Allowable tension perpendicular to the welds longitudinal axis = 0.6 Fy for the
base metal.
T = 0.6 Fy Effective area of weld

Effective area = Effective throat x length of weld
Effective throat = thickness of plate
Effective area = 12 ( 2900)

Effective area = 34,800 mm²
T = 0.6 (248) ( 34,800)
T = 5,178,240
Allowable load based on shear of E 70 electrodes groove welds:

T = 12 (2900) (0.3) (485)
T = 5,063,400 N
Safe T = 5,063,400 N
Allowable load based on tension of plates

T = 0.6 Fy Ag
T = 0.6 (248) (12)(2900)
T = 5,178,240 N
Capacity due to shear of plates:

Plate shear does not need to be computed since the plane of tension excludes the
possibility of shear failure.
Design of Footing:
Description
The column carries a total load of 503.23 KN with a minimum concrete cover of 70
mm using normal weight concrete with 28 –day strength fc’ =21 Mpa, A615-85 ASTM
Standard, Grade 40 Reinforcement with yeild strength, fy = 315 Mpa, and allowable soil
pressure of 250 Kpa.
Ultimate Load; Pa = 503.23 KN

LL = 2 DL
Pu = 1.4 DL + LL
503.23 + 1.4 DL + 1.7(2.8)mm

DL = 359.45 KN
LL= 718.9 KN
(a) Assume the weight of footing =6% to 8%
= .06 (359.45+718.9)
=64.70 KN
(b) A= _______ total load_______

Allow soil Pressure
A= 359.45+718.9+64.70
250
A= 4.57 m²
(c) Dimension of footing

L = √4.5m²
L = 2.14 m say 2.5 Meters
Use 2.5 Meters x 2.5 Meters
(d) Depth of Footing

qu = Factored Load
Area of Footing
qu = 1.4 (359.45) + 1.7 (718.9)
2.5m²
Qu = 228.06 Kpa
(e) Based on wide-beam shear:

Vu = qu A Shaded
Vu + 0.38285 (3000 (575-d))
Vu = 1,148.55 (575-d)
Vc = 1 √𝑓𝑐 ′𝑏𝑤𝑑
Vc = 1 √21 (2500)𝑑
6
Vc = 1909.40 d
Vu = Ø Vc
1,148.55 (575-d) = 1909.4 d
d= 132.23 say 150 mm
(f) Required Steel Area

Used d = 150 mm
Mu = qu Lx (x)
2
Mu = 228.06 (3) (1.25)
2
Mu = 427.61 KN.m
Mu = Ø Ru bd²
427.61 x 10 6 = 0.90 (Ru) ( 2500) (150)²
Ru = 8.44 Mpa
ρ = 0.85 fc’ (1- √1 - 2Ru)

fy ( 0.85)
ρ = 0.85 (21) ( 1- √ 1- 2(8.44))

350 0.85(21)
ρ = 0.049
ρ min 1.4
350
ρ min = 0.004
use ρ = 0.049
As = 12,650 mm²
Try 28 mm RSB
N = As
A Bar
N = 12,650
π/4 (28)²
N = 20.54 say 22 – 28 mm Ø RSB
Total Depth of Footing

Effective depth of footing = 150 mm plus concrete cover sy 75 mm
Total depth = 225 mm
Use 250m x 250m x 225 mm square footing
Design of Base Plate and Achor Bolts:
Description:
Use 12-60mm Anchor Bolt
Use 15 mm thick of fillet weld
Use square meter Base Plate
fc’ = 20.7 MPa
fy = 248 Mpa
Fv = 480 MPa for Fillet Welds
Fp = 0.35 fc’ (allowable bearing stress of concrete)

Fp = 0.35(20.7 MPa)
Fp = 7.245 MPa
Area required of Base Plate

B=?
A =___P___
fp
A = 3,203.08 KN
7.245
A = 442,109.041 mm²
Assume m=n
a) B = 44 + 109.04 L mm²
B = 2n + 0.80 bf
B = 2n + 0.80 (288.90)
B = 2n + 231.12 mm
b) C = 2m + 0.95 d
C = 2m + 0.95(509.00)
C = 2m +483.55mm
B = 2m + 231.12 mm
c) BC = 442,109.041 mm²
(2m + 231.12)(2m + 483.55) = 442,109.041
4 m² + 1429.34 m + 111.758.08 = 442,109.041
4m² + 1429.34m – 330,350.961 = 0
By Quadratic Formula:
m = 159.73
a) B= 2m + 231.12
B = 2 (159.73) + 231.12
B = 550.08 mm say 550mm
b) C = 2m + 483.55
C = 2 ( 159.73) + 483.554
C = 803.01 mm say 800mm base plate
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS
Purpose
This Instructions and Specifications aims to guide and establish the standards in the
preparation for the design and construction of Commercial/Residential Building Using Unused
Container Van which will be located at E. Rodriguez Boulevard in Quezon City. The main
purpose of this technical specification is have a proper specs in the Philippines and other similar
projects. It shall also facilitate the preparation of these sub-projects to ensure effectiveness and
efficiency in Sub-Project Implementation (SPI).
In preparation of POW (Program of Works) the researcher will prepare all the necessary design
plan and it will be transferred to the tracing paper to blue print for have a multiple copy that
will be used for estimating and other building offices involves especially in Engineering Office
of where the project location will be stablish.
The researcher shall verify the costs in the estimates to ensure that it conform to the prevailing
costs in the area during the time of POW preparation. Site verification should be done to ensure
that estimates, particularly for site works are carefully undertaken.
The major materials to be used are the unused container van that should be connected, concrete
for the foundation works; However, options can be considered depending on the accessibility
and availability of materials like steel for roof framing and steel window:
SITE WORK
This section includes site clearing, earthwork, and site drainage and utilities construction of
septic tank, in accordance with the drawing and specification
Selected Fill Material

Selected fill materials shall consist of pit run gravel, disintegrated rock, sand or other similar
materials. The material shall not contain more than 35% passing the No. 200 sieve; and
fraction of the material passing the No. 40 sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater than 35
and plasticity index not greater than 12.
Gravel Fill
Gravel fill shall consist of hard durable particles or fragments of stones or gravel. It shall
be clean and free from vegetable matters, lumps or balls of clay and other deleterious
material. The proportion of the material passing the 0.075 mm (No. 200) sieve shall not be
greater than 0.66 (two thirds) of the fraction passing the 0.425 mm (No. 40) sieve. The
fraction passing the 0.425 mm (No. 40) sieve shall have a liquid limit of not more than 25
and plasticity index of not more than 6 as determined by AASHTO T89 and T90. Gravel
bedding 100 mm (4”) in depth or as shown on the drawing shall be placed, spread and
compacted through tamping underneath footing, slabs, on fill and slabs on grade.
Base and Sub-base Course

Aggregate sub-base shall consist of pit run gravel, talus rock, disintegrated granite, sand,
shale cinders, coral, or other similar materials, or additional filler for blending, selected
under the direction of the Consultant. The maximum dimension of any particle shall not be
greater than two-thirds of the required thickness of the layer in which it is to be placed.
Over-sized materials if present shall be removed at the pit by screens, or hand picking. If
necessary, to obtain proper uniformity, mixing shall blend additional filler. The fraction of
the aggregate sub-base materials including any additional filler passing the 0.075 mm (No.
200) sieve shall not be more than two-thirds (2/3) of that passing the 0.425 mm (No. 40)
sieve. The fraction passing the 0.425 mm sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater than 25
and plasticity index of not more than 6.
Concrete for Site Work
Concrete materials for site work shall be in accordance with Section 3, concrete, of these
specifications. Cement shall be proportioned as follows:
Description of Structure Compressive Strength
For hallways, walkways, curb and gutter Splash blocks catch

basin, manholes, inlets Headwalls and benches
17.2 Mpa (2500 psi)
28 days
1 Septic tank, holding tank, and water Storage tank 20.7 Mpa (3000 psi)
28 days
2 For concrete pavement ----------------------------------------------- 24.1 Mpa (3500 psi)

28 days
Unless otherwise specified concrete for pavement shall have a flexural strength of not less
than 3.8 Mpa (550 psi) when tested by the third-point method of 4.5 Mpa (650 psi) when
tested by the mid-point method; or a compressive strength of 24.1 Mpa (3500 psi) when
tested at fourteen days in accordance with AASHTO T97, T177 or T22; respectively.
Earthwork
1 Site Demolition
.
All superficial obstructions shall be demolished and removed from the site to disposal
areas approved and agreed by the community.
2 Cleaning and grubbing

.
a Cleaning
.
All areas within which the structure or related construction has to be accomplished shall
be completely cleared of matted roots, trees brush, snags, vegetation, rubbish, spoils, and
other objectionable matters. Al combustible materials from clearing operation shall be
completely burned or removed from the site of work. All materials to be burned shall be
piled neatly and when in suitable condition shall be burned completely. Piling for
burning shall be done in such a manner and location as to cause least fire risk. All burning
shall be so thorough that the cleared materials can be reduced to ashes. The Contractor
shall at all times take special precautions to prevent fire from spreading and shall have
available at all times, suitable equipment and supplies, for use in preventing and fighting
fires.
b Grubbing
.
Grubbing shall consist of the removal of tree slums, brush and rubbish from the work
areas to be occupied by permanent structures, and from other areas within the indicated
clearing limits as directed by the Consultant. Trees and shrubs to be retained shall be
protected properly from damage. Slumps shall be removed entirely. Roots and matted
roots shall be grubbed and cut to at least 40 mm below the existing surface.
3 Structural Excavation
.
All excavation shall be performed to the excavation lines, grades, and slopes and profiles
shown in the drawings. All excavation shall be performed in the dry condition, unless as
otherwise approved.
a Excavation for Structures and Trenches

.
Excavations carried out below the depth indicated on the drawing without the approval
of the PIT shall be refilled to the proper grade with thoroughly compacted suitable fill
materials to the satisfaction except for footing excavation where concrete shall be
replaced to the bottom of the excavations; additional work of this nature shall be at the
expense of the owner. Where an existing structure lies adjacent to excavation line,
adequate shoring and bracing shall be provided to prevent damage to persons and
properties. Shoring, bracing, and sheeting shall be removed in a manner to prevent
caving-in. The grading in the vicinity of excavated areas shall be done to prevent surface
water from running into excavation and embankments. Water pumped from excavations
shall be diverted to suitable disposal points. Trenches for pipelines shall be excavated
along straight lines and provided with minimum of 150 mm space between the outside
of the pipe and the side of the trench or bracing. Additional excavation shall be made for
each joint to allow for joining.
Trench excavation, other than rock, shall be excavated at least 50 mm above final invert
grade; the remainder of the excavation shall be shaped manually, and graded to provide
uniform bearing when the pipe is laid. Unless otherwise indicated, backfill cover over
water, sewer, drainage, and electrical conduit pipes shall not be less than 300-mm depth.
b Excavation Under Pavement and Concrete Slabs

.
The Entire area of the original ground under pavements and concrete slabs shall be
excavated to remove all objectionable matter, sod, muck, rubbish and other unsuitable
material to a minimum depth of 300 mm.
4 Filling and Backfilling

.
Fill and backfill material shall consist of suitable materials from excavation or from
approved borrow areas, and shall be free from roots, wood scraps, vegetation’s, and other
extraneous materials and from large clods of earth or stones greater than 100 mm. No fill
material shall be placed until the surface to be filled has been approved.
a Filling and Backfilling for Structures and Trenches

.
Backfilling around structures shall be placed as the construction work progress, insofar
as practicable. Backfilling of trenches shall progress as rapidly as construction and
testing will permit. In backfilling pipe trenches, approved backfill shall be compacted in
200 mm layers to a depth of 150 mm over the pipe and the remainder of the trench depth
shall be backfilled and compared in 300 mm layers; For trenches under road pavements
and concrete floor slabs, the backfill shall be placed and compacted in 200 mm layers to
the top of the trench.
b Embankment Construction
.
Before placing fill material, the surface upon which it will be placed shall be scarified to
insure good bonding between the existing surface and the fill material. Where
embankment are to be constructed on sloping ground with slopes steeper than 1 vertical
to 4 horizontal, the new fill shall be cut into or benched as the embankment is brought up
in layers in such a manner that the embankment materials will bond with the existing
surface. The size of each bench shall be subject to approval and shall depend on the
equipment to be used.
5 Equipment
.
Equipment used in the performance of the work shall be subject to approval of the
engineer on site. The quality of compaction equipment shall be adequate to assure
thorough uniform compaction as rapidly as materials is placed. In all areas not accessible
to rollers or compactors, the fill shall be compacted with mechanical hand tampers.
6 Compaction
.
In fill areas, the top 200 mm shall be compacted to a density of at least 95 percent of
maximum density and the remaining depth of fill to not less than 90 percent of maximum
density; except that under ramps, pavements, and concrete floor slabs, compaction shall
not be less than 95 percent of maximum density for the entire depth of fill. Unless
otherwise indicated, where the existing sub grade in cuts have a density of less than 95
percent, all materials to a depth of 150 mm or to such greater depth as maybe specified,
shall be compacted to not less than 95 percent of the maximum maybe specified, shall be
compacted to not less than 95 percent of the maximum density. Soil moisture during
compaction shall be controlled between 80 and 110 percent of optimum moisture content
determined in accordance with AASHTO Method T99-84.
7 Grading
.
Existing grades which shall remain and which be disturbed during construction shall be
graded to original condition or as directed by the Tolerances in final grading in unpaved
areas shall not exceed 30 mm above or below the grades indicated. Finish grading shall
be accomplished to readily drain water into natural drainage facilities or adjacent natural
drainage areas, without the formation of pockets in which water will stand.
8 Disposal of Surplus Excavated Materials

.
Any surplus material from excavation and grading operations shall be disposed and
spread in spoil areas designated by the project engineer except for the materials classed
as rubbish and debris, which shall be disposed in dumps and in burning areas. Excavated
material deposited in the spoil areas shall be graded to a reasonably uniform surface.
9 Quality Assurance Provisions

.
Applicable tests to verify the quality of materials and workmanship shall be done by the
PIT with the assistance of DAC/ME. Maximum density and optimum moisture content
shall be determined by AASHTO. Method T-99-84, Method C. Density of soil in place
shall be determined by AASHTO Method T 191.
2 Base and Sub-base course Preparation
The work includes the preparation of base course composed of gravel, crushed gravel or
crushed stone, constructed on prepared sub grade or selected course in accordance with
the plans and specifications. The base and sub-base material shall be placed as a uniform
mixture in quantity to provide the required compacted thickness. Where the required
thickness is more than 150 mm, the material shall be spread and compacted in low or
more layers of approximately equal thickness and the maximum compacted thickness of
any one layer shall not exceed 150 mm. Compaction of each layer shall be continued
until field density of at least 100 percent of the maximum dry density determined in
accordance with AASHTO T 180, Method D has been achieved. In-place density
determination shall be made in accordance with AASHTO T 191.
Septic Tank
Septic tanks should be constructed in accordance with the size and dimension shown on
the detailed plans. Septic tank shall be constructed with two chambers; the primary
sedimentation chamber, which serves as a digestion chamber and the final sedimentation
chamber which receives the overflow water from the digestion chamber. The effluent
from the final sedimentation chamber shall be discharged, whenever practicable, to the
surface wastewater infiltration system. In some cases/or as shown on the drawings, the
final sedimentation chamber will be designated as leaching chamber i.e., with open
bottoms/flooring with gravel for leaching.
Soil Poisoning
Description
This item shall consist of applying termite control chemicals, including the use of
equipment and tools in performing such operations in accordance with this Specification.
2 Material Requirements
.
Termite control chemicals or toxicants shall be able to immediately exterminate termites

or create barriers to discourage entry of subterranean termites into the building areas.
The toxicants may be classified into the following types and according to use:
3 Type 1. Liquid Termicide Concentrate

.
This type of toxicant shall be specified for drenching soil beneath foundations of
proposed buildings. The concentrate shall be diluted with water in the proportion of 1
liter of concentrate material to 65 liters of water or as specified by the Manufacturer.
4 Type II. Liquid Termicide Ready Mixed Solution

.
This type of toxicant, which comes in ready mixed solution, shall be used as wood
preservative by drenching wood surfaces to the point of run-off
5 Type III. Powder Termicide

.
This type of toxicant shall be applied to visible or suspected subterranean termite mounds
and tunnels where termites are exterminated through trophallaxes method (exchange or
nourishment between termites while greeting each other upon meeting).
6 Construction Requirements
.
Before any termite control work is started, thorough examination of the site shall be
undertaken so that the appropriate method of soil poisoning can be applied.
7 Soil Poisoning
.
There are two methods usually adopted in soil poisoning which are as follows:
a Cordoning. This method is usually adopted when there is no visible evidence of termite
. infestation. Trenches in concentric circles, squares or rectangles are dug 150 mm to 220
mm wide and at least one meter apart and applied with Type I working solution at the
rate of 8 liters per linear meter.
b Drenching. When soil show termite infestation, this method shall be applied. The
. building area shall be thoroughly drenched with Type I working solution at the rate of 24
liter per square meter. When Powder Termicide is to be applied to eradicate subterranean
termites, careful application and precaution shall be given considering that his toxicant
is fatal to animal and human lives.
8 Application
.
At the time soil poisoning is to be applied, the soil to be treated shall be in friable
condition with low moisture content so as to allow uniform distribution of the toxicant
agents. Toxicant shall be applied at least twelve (12) hours prior to placement of
concrete, which shall be in contact with treated materials.
Treatment of the soil on the exterior sides of the foundation walls, grade beams and
similar structures shall be done prior to final grading and planting or landscaping work
to avoid disturbance of the toxicant barriers by such operations.
Areas to be covered by concrete slab shall be treated before placement of granular fill
used as capillary water barrier at a rate of 12 liters per square meter with Type I working
solution after it has been compacted and set to required elevation. Additional treatment
shall be applied as follows:
a In critical areas such as utility openings of pipes, conduits and ducts, apply additional
. treatment at the rate of 6 liters per linear meter in a strip 150 mm to 200 mm wide.
b Along the exterior perimeter of the slab and under expansion joint, at the rate of 2.5 liters
. per linear meter in a strip 150 mm to 200 mm wide in a shallow trench.
9 Wood Protection
.
Where the application of wood preservative is necessary, the BSPMC shall use Type II
working solution as recommended by the manufacturer.
All wood materials not pressure treated as specified in item 1003 – Carpentry and Joinery
shall be treated with Type II ready mixed solution as herein called for or as directed by
the engineer.
3 CONCRETE
The work includes construction of concrete structures complete in accordance with the
standard specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-
section shown on the plan.
General
Concrete shall be composed of Portland cement; fine and coarse aggregates, water and
admixture as specified all thoroughly mixed and brought to the proper consistency,
uniformity and temperature for final placement.
Cement
Concrete shall be Portland cement of a brand approved by the Project Manager and
conforming to ASTM Specification C150, Type Me of Type II.
Water
Water shall be clean and free from injurious amounts of oils, acids, alkalis, salts, organic
materials, or other substances that may be deleterious to concrete or steel.
Admixtures
Admixtures shall be subject to prior approval by the Project Manager. The admixtures shall
be capable of maintaining essentially the same composition and performance throughout
the work.
Fine Aggregates
Fine aggregates shall consist of natural sand, manufactured sand, or a combination thereof.
If the fine aggregate shall be a combination of separately processed sizes, or if batching
shall result in a combination of natural and manufactured sand, the different components
shall be batched separately.
Fine aggregates shall consist of hard, tough, durable, uncoated particles. The specified
percentages of fines in the sand may be obtained either by the processing of natural sand or
by the production of suitably graded manufactured sand. The shape of particles shall be
generally rounded or cubical and reasonably free from flat or elongated pieces. The use of
beach sand shall be prohibited. The line aggregate shall conform to the following specific
requirements:
Sieve Designation Cumulative Percentage by
Std U.S. Std., Square Mesh Weight Passing

9.5 mm 3/8 100
4.75 mm No. 4 954-100
2.36 mm No. 8 80-100
1.18 mm No. 16 45-80
300 micron No. 50 10-30
150 micron No. 100 2-10
In addition to the grading limits shown above, the fine aggregates, as delivered to the mixer,
shall have a fineness modules of not less than 2.3 more than 3.0 and during normal
operations, the grading of the fine aggregate shall be controlled so that the fineness modulus
of at least nine (9) out of ten (10) test samples of fine aggregate as delivered to the mixer
shall not vary by more than 0.20 from the average fineness modulus of all samples tested
during the preceding 30-day period. The fineness modulus can be determined by dividing
by 100 the sum of the cumulative percentages retained on U.S. Standard Sieves Nos. 4, 8,
16, 50 and 100.
Coarse Aggregates
Coarse aggregate shall consist of washed gravel, crushed stone or rock, or a combination
thereof conforming to ASTM C33. The coarse aggregate, as delivered to the batching plant,
shall have uniform and stable moisture content. The approval of deposits shall not be
construed as constituting the approval of all materials taken from the deposits. Coarse
aggregate shall consist of hard, tough, durable, clean and uncoated particles. All foreign
materials and dust shall be removed by adequate, shall be generally rounded or cubical, and
the coarse aggregate shall be reasonably free from flat and elongated particles. A thin, flat
and elongated particle can be defined as a particle having a maximum dimension greater
than five times the minimum dimension. The coarse aggregate shall be graded from fine
too coarse. It shall separate into size groups.
The grading of the aggregate within the separated size groups as delivered to the mixer shall
be as follows:
Sieve Sizes Percent by Weight Passing Individual 1-1/2

Std U.S. Std. Sq. Mesh ¾” Size Size
(MM)
50 2” 100
37.5 1-1/2” 90-100
25 1” 100 20-55
19 ¾” 90-100 0-15
9.5 3/8” 20-55 0-5
4.75 No. 4 0-10
Use 19-mm (3/4”) coarse aggregate for slab on grade, columns, beams, suspended slabs,
and tie beams
Use 38 mm (1 ½”) coarse for footings
Steel Reinforcing
Reinforcing steel shall be locally manufactured, deformed billet steel bars conforming to
Philippine Standard, Grade 275, Intermediate Grade (40,000 psi).
Forms
Concrete form shall be wood, plywood, steel or other suitable materials. Form surfaces
requiring standard or special finish shall be plywood or a non-absorptive hand pressed
fiberboard or other suitable materials. Plywood shall not be less than 12 mm thick and shall be
free from irregularities, dents and sags. Forms shall be coated with nonstaining form coating
compound such as form oil of the approved make.
Storage Materials
1. Cement
Cement in bags shall be stored in a suitable weatherproof structure as airtight as practicable.

Floors shall be elevated above the ground, sufficient to prevent the absorption of moisture.
Bags shall be stocked close together to reduce circulation of air but shall not be stocked
against outside walls. The manner of storage shall permit easy access for inspection and
identification of each shipment. Cement that has been stored for so long that there may be
doubt of its quality shall be tested by standard mortar tests to determine its suitability for use,
and shall be tested by standard mortar tests to determine its suitability for use, and shall not
be used without approval of the Project Manager.
2 Aggregates
.
Aggregates shall be stored in such a manner as to avoid the inclusion of foreign materials.
Aggregates of different sizes shall be stored in separate piles. Stockpiles of coarse aggregate
shall be built in horizontal layers not exceeding 1200 mm in depth to avoid segregation.
Should the coarse aggregate become segregated, it shall be remixed to conform to the grading
requirements here on before. Sufficient stockpiles shall be maintained at all times to permit
continuous placement of concrete at the rate specified.
3 Reinforcing Steel
.
Reinforcing steel shall be stored in a manner to avoid excessive rusting or being coated with
grease, oil dirt and other objectionable materials.
Concrete Proportion
The proportion of all materials in concrete shall be subject to the approval of the Project
Manager. The Contractor shall perform the necessary tests required, which shall design the
mix, proportions in accordance with ACI 211.01. Strength requirements shall be 20.7 Mpa
(3000 psi) for footing, columns, beams, slabs and stairs, lavatory counter, wash basin; 17.2 Mpa
(2500 psi) for ramp, slab on grade, water meter box, grease trap; and 13.8 Mpa (2000 psi) for
lean concrete or as required by the Project Manager. The adequacy of this test shall be verified
by a test on minimum of 6 cylinders; 3 tested at 7 days, 3 at 28 days, in accordance with ASTM
C39.
If, at any time during construction, the concrete resulting from the approved mix design proves
to be unsatisfactory for any reason such as too much water, lack of sufficient plasticity to
prevent segregation, honeycomb, etc., or insufficient strength, the PIT/Foreman shall notify the
DAC/ME for guidance.
Concrete Sample and Testing
Sampling and testing of concrete shall be done. Throughout the period that the concrete is
being poured into the forms and while spading operation are being done, sets of test samples in
cylinder shall be taken from fresh concrete from the forms.
The tests shall be made for footings and columns as follows:
1 Compression Tests
.
At least two (2) sets of samples consisting of three (3) concrete cylinder specimen per set
shall be made. Fresh concrete shall be placed inside standard 150 x 300 mm cylindrical mold
in three (3) separate equal layers and rodded separately with 25 strokes with a 16 mm
diameter. Surface shall be leveled with trowel and samples are to be labeled to identify the
class, strength of concrete, date taken and part of structure samples are taken. The samples
shall be cured in accordance with ASTM C31.
One set of cylinders shall be tested at the age of seven (7) days, and one set at the age of
twenty eight (28) days, in accordance with ASTM C39. Additional cylinder samples may be
molded in reserve for further tests, if the results of the twenty-eight (28) – day – test do not
meet the requirements.
2 Slump Tests
.
Slump tests shall be performed to determine the consistency or workable fluidity of freshly
mixed concrete in the field. At least two slump tests shall be made and the sample of concrete
from which test specimens are made shall be representative of the entire batch and shall
conform to the procedures are specified in ASTM C143.
Freshly mixed concrete shall be placed in the slump cone 100 x 200 mm x 300 mm in three
(3) equal layers. Each layer shall be rodded with 25 strokes of the 16-mm diameters tamping
rod with the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip of the same diameter. The mould
shall be leveled and lifted at once and then measure the slump action immediately by getting
the difference in height between the height of the mould and the top of the slumped concrete.
The slump for vibrated concrete shall be 50 mm minimum and 100 mm maximum, provided
that the required strength of concrete is obtained.
3 Test Reports
.
The testing laboratory shall submit four (4) copies of its test cylinder which are to include as
far as applicable, the following items: Location of pour in the structure, concrete design mix
number, concrete design strength, type and manufacturer of cement, amount of any
admixture used, slump tests, date of sampling, cylinder application number, days cured in
the field, days cured in the laboratory, age at time of testing, crushing stress, type of failure,
who made the samples, who shipped the samples to the laboratory and whether concrete
strength meets the specifications.
Mixing of Concrete
Mixing shall be thoroughly mixed in a mixer of an approved size and type to insure a uniform
distribution of the materials throughout the mass.
1 Site Mixed Concrete

.
All structural concrete shall be machine-mixed for at least 1 ½ minutes after all materials
including water in the mixing drum. The time elapse between the introduction of the mixing
water to the cement and aggregate and placing of the concrete in final position shall not
exceed 45 minutes. Placing of materials in the mixer shall be done in such a way that the
first batch of concrete materials in the mixer shall contain sufficient excess of cement, sand
and water to coat the inside of the drum without reducing the cement content of the mix to
be discharged. The re-tempering of concrete, placing additional cement, aggregate or water
during mixing period shall not be permitted.
No hand mixing shall be allowed, except in case of emergency of breakdown during pouring
operations, subject to the approval of the DAC/ME.
2 Ready-Mixed Concrete (if available)

.
Ready-mixed concrete, when shall be batched, mixed, and delivered from a plant approved
by the BSPMC, and shall be in strict compliance with the requirements set forth in ASTM
C94
The rate of delivery of the mixed concrete shall be such that the interval between placing of
successive batches shall not exceed thirty (30) minutes. The elapsed time between the
introduction of mixing water to the cement and aggregate, and completion of discharge shall
not exceed one (1) hour, or not more than 1 ½ hours if a retarder is used. It should be kept
constantly agitated during the transit period. Delivery tickets shall contain data on the weight
of sand, gravel and amount of cement and water added. The PIT shall keep legible copies
available for file and reference.
Re-tempering of concrete shall not be permitted. Concrete volume needed shall be mixed
only quantities required for immediate use and mixture, which has developed setting, shall
not be used. Concrete, which has partially hardened, shall not be re-tempered.
Concrete Placing
Concrete shall be placed only after all formworks, materials to be embedded, and preparation
of surface involved in the placing have been inspected and approved by the project engineer.
The Foreman shall employ methods that will minimize separation of aggregates from the
concrete mix.
Water shall be removed from excavation before concrete is deposited. Flow of water shall be
diverted through proper side drains to a pump, or be removed by other approved methods to
avoid washing over freshly deposited concrete. Hardened concrete, debris and foreign
materials shall be removed from the interior of forms and from inner surfaces of mixing and
conveying equipment. Runaways shall not be provided for wheeled concrete-handling
equipment’s, such equipment’s shall not be wheeled over reinforcement nor shall runaways be
supported by reinforcements.
Concrete shall be handled from the mixer to the place of final deposit as rapidly as practicable
b methods, which shall prevent the segregation or loss of the ingredients. It shall be deposited
in the forms in approximately horizontal layers and as nearly as practicable in its final position
to avoid re-handling.
Conveying or handling of concrete by t use of long inclined chutes or pipes of more than three
(3) meters shall not be permitted. Dumping of concrete into buggies, buckets or wheelbarrows
with a free fall of more than one (1) meter shall not be permitted. When placing operations
would involve dropping concrete more than 1 ½ meters, it shall be deposited through a sheet
metal or other approved conveyor. As for practicability, the conveyor shall be kept full of
concrete during placing and their lower ends shall be kept buried in the newly placed concrete.
After the initial set of concrete, the forms shall not be jarred and no strain shall be placed on
the ends of the reinforcing bar, which are being projected.
Concrete in columns shall be placed in one continuous operation. Concrete in girders, beam
and slabs in superstructures shall be poured in a monolithic and continuous manner. No
construction joint shall be allowed on any part of the structure without the approval of the
project manager.
Consolidate all concrete in accordance with provisions of ACI 309R. Consolidate each layer
of concrete greater than 4 inches in depth with high frequency, interval, and mechanical
vibrating equipment supplemented by hand spading and tamping. Consolidate concrete slab 4
inches or less in depth by wood tampers, spading, and settling with a heavy leveling straight
edge. Operate vibrators with vibratory element submerged in the concrete, with a minimum
frequency of not less than 6000 impulses per minute when submerged. Insert and withdraw
vibrators approximately 18 inches apart. Penetrate the previously placed lift with the vibrator
when more than one lift is required. Place concrete in 180 inches maximum vertical lifts. Limit
duration of vibration to time necessary to produce satisfactory consolidation without causing
segregation of aggregates. Provide adequate number of units and power source at all times.
Maintain spare units on hand to ensure adequacy.
Protection and Curing
1 General
.
Concrete surfaces exposed to conditions causing premature drying shall be protected as soon
as possible with canvas, straw, burlap, sand or other satisfactory materials and kept moist; or
if the surfaces are not covered they shall be kept moist by flushing or sprinkling. All concrete
shall be moist cured for a period of not less than seven (7) consecutive days after placing by
an approved method or combination of methods applicable to local conditions.
2 Moist Cutting
.
The surface of the concrete shall be kept continuously wet water for a period of seven (7)
days, by spraying or by covering with burlap or other approved material thoroughly saturated
with water and keeping the covering wet by spraying or intermittent hosing. Water for curing
shall be generally lean and free from any element, which might cause objectionable staining
or discoloration of the concrete.
Repairs of Concrete
All imperfections on concrete surfaces are corrected to produce concrete surfaces that conform
to the requirements of this section. Unless otherwise approved by the project manager, patching
with cement mortar shall repair imperfections on formed surfaces. Cement mortar for patching
shall be of the same composition as used in the concrete, except for exposed surfaces; part of
the cement shall be while cement to provide a finish color matching the surrounding concrete.
Honeycombed or otherwise detective areas shall be cut out from solid concrete to a depth of
not less than 25 mm. The edges of the cut shall be perpendicular to the surface of the concrete.
The area to be patched, at least 15 mm adjacent thereto shall be saturated with water before
placing the mortar. The mortar shall be mixed approximately one (1) hour before placing and
shall be remixed occasionally during this period with a trowel without adding water. A grout
of cement and water, mixed to the consistency of paint, shall then be brushed onto the surface
to which the mortar is to be bonded. The mortar shall be compacted into place and screened
slightly higher than the surrounding surface. Patches on exposed surfaces shall be finished to
match the adjoining surfaces, after they have set for an hour or more. Patches shall be cured as
specified for the concrete. Exposed surfaces shall utilize plywood forms. After the removal of
forms, shall not be plastered, unless otherwise directed by the Project Manager. All joint marks
on the formwork shall be reworked to a smooth surface to match adjacent areas and to present
a new appearance.
Forms
1 General
.
Forms shall be used whenever necessary to confine the concrete and shape it to the required
lines and dimensions, or to protect the concrete from contamination. Forms shall have
sufficient strength to withstand the pressure resulting from placement and vibration of the
concrete, and shall be maintained rigidly in correct position. Forms shall be sufficiently tight
to prevent loss of mortar from the concrete. Forms for exposed surfaces shall be lines with
form grade plywood. Bolts and rods used for interval ties shall be so arranged that when the
forms are removed, they shall not be less than two (2) centimeters from the formed surface.
2 Cleaning and Oiling of Forms

.
Before placing concrete, the contact surfaces if the forms shall be cleaned of incrustations of
mortar, grout, or other foreign material. Forms shall be coated with standard from oil that
can effectively prevent sticking and will not stain the concrete surfaces.
3 Removal of Forms
.
Forms shall be removed in a manner, which shall prevent damage to concrete structures.
Forms shall not be removed without prior approval of the BSPMC. Any repairs of surface
imperfections shall be performed at once and curing shall be started as soon as the surface is
sufficiently hard to permit it without further damage. The minimum time period for removal
of forms shall govern where it exceeds the minimum specified curing period. Where the
formwork for one element supports the formwork for another element, the greater time period
shall apply to both elements. Forms shall not be removed before the expiration of the
minimum time specified below:
Element Time Period
Walls, columns, sides of beam and

girders,
1
And slabs on grade
Pan joist forms (side only):

76 cm (30 inches) wide or less 3
Over 76 cm (30 inches) wide 4
Where design live load is: less than greater than

Dead load Dead load
Arch center 14 7
Joist, beam, or girder, soffits:

(Clear span between structural

Support):
Under 3.00 m (10 ft.) 7 4

3.00 m (10 ft.) to 6.00 (20 ft.) 14 7
Over 6.00 m (20 ft.) 21 14
One-way floor slabs; (Clear

span Between structural
supports)
Under 3.00 m (10 ft.) 4 4

3.00 m (10 ft.) to 6.00 (20 ft.) 7 4
Over 6.00 m (20 ft.) 10 7
Sufficient shoring members to support dead loads including construction loads on beams and
slabs shall be provided for a period of eight (8) days in addition to the seven (7) days specified
thereto. The time for removal of forms for structures not included thereto shall be as directed
by the BSPMC. Concrete work shall be protected from damage during construction.
Reinforcing Steel
1 General
.
Steel reinforcement shall be provided together will all necessary wire tie chairs, spacers,
support and other necessary devices.
2 Cutting and Bending

.
Reinforcing steel shall be accurately cut and bent in accordance with the approval detailed
reinforcement drawings. Reinforcing steel shall not be straightened or re-bend in a manner
that will insure the material. Bars with kinks or with bends not shown on the approved
detailed reinforcement drawings or with cracks or splits of the bends shall not be used. All
bars shall be bent cold. If Contractor elects to have reinforcing steel cut and bent off the site,
he shall provide, maintain and operate a small cutting and bending shop on the site and
maintain a representative stock of steel. This provision is to take care of minor revisions and
additions in an expeditious manner.
The project engineer shall prepare bar cutting schedule, for guidance of the project manager,
prior to fabrication of reinforcing steel bars.
3 Placing of Reinforcement
.
Reinforcing steel shall be accurately placed in accordance with approved detailed

reinforcement drawings and shall be adequately secured against displacement by using
specified tie wires or approved clips at all intersections. After it has been installed,
reinforcing steel shall be inspected for compliance with requirements as to size, shape,
length, splicing, position and number. Reinforcing steel shall be supported by concrete or
metal supports, spacers or metal hangers, except for surfaces exposed to the ground or to the
weather, where supports shall be concrete. Wooden support spreaders shall not be used. At
surfaces where an attractive appearance is required, the supports shall be of type, which shall
not cause subsequent staining or marring of the exposed surface.
Joints in Concrete
1 Construction Joints
.
Construction joints shall be provided where indicated in the drawing. Joints not indicated
on drawings shall be constructed and located as not to impair the strength of the structures.
When a construction joint is to be made, the surface of the hardened concrete shall be
thoroughly cleaned and all Latinate removed. In addition, the joint shall be thoroughly
wetted and sloshed with a coat of neat cement grout immediately prior to placing of new
concrete.
2 Expansion and Contraction Joints
.
Expansion and contraction joints shall be provided where indicated and shall be in
accordance with details.
3 Preformed Strips
.
Preformed strips shall be placed before the adjoining, concrete is poured. The joint scalier
shall be applied after concrete on both sides of the joint have been poured and after the joint
lines have been trued.
4.0 MASONRY
The work includes furnishing and placing of concrete masonry units in conformity with the
lines, grades and cross-sections shown on the drawings and in accordance with the
specifications.
The latest edition of the following specifications and standards shall form part of this
specification to the extent required by the references thereto.
ASTM American Society for Testing Materials
C144 Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar
PSA Product Standards Agency Publications (Philippines)
PNS 16 Specification for Concrete Hollow Blocks
Concrete Hollow Blocks

Concrete hollow blocks shall be a standard product of recognized manufacturer to PNS 16, as
indicated on the drawings. Exterior and interior masonry units shall be non-load-nearing units.
However, load-bearing units maybe provided in lieu of non-load bearing units. For load
bearing units, the required compressive strength shall be
Be 25 kg/cm2 or 2.48 Mpa.
Cement, Reinforcing Steel, and Water
Cement, reinforcing steel and water shall be as specified in Section 3.0.
Workmanship
Masonry walls shall be placed level and plumb all around. One section of the walls shall not
be placed in advance of the others, unless specifically approved. Unfinished work shall be
stepped back for joining with new work; tooting shall not be permitted. Heights of masonry
shall be checked with an instrument at sills and heads of openings to maintain the level of the
walls. Door and window frames, anchors, pipes, and conduits shall be installed in carefully
and neatly as the masonry work progresses. Spaces around doorframes shall be filled solidly
with mortar. Drilling, cutting fitting and patching, to accommodate the work of others, shall
be performed by skilled workers. Bolts, anchors, inserts, plugs, ties, and miscellaneous metal
work specified elsewhere shall be placed in position as the work progress. Chases of approved
dimensions for pipes and other purposes shall be provided, where indicated or necessary. Top
of exposed walls and partitions, not being worked on, shall be covered with a waterproof
membrane, well secured in place. Walls and partitions shall be structurally bonded or
anchored to each and to concrete wall beams, and columns.
Mortar Mixing
Mortar materials shall be measured in approved containers to insure that the specified
proportions of materials are controlled and accurately maintained during the progress of the
work. Unless specified otherwise, mortar shall be mixed in proportions by volume. The
aggregates shall be introduced and mixed in such a manner that the materials will be
distributed uniformly throughout the mass. A sufficient amount of water shall be added
gradually add the mass further mixed, not less than 3 minutes, until a mortar of the plasticity
required for the purpose intended shall be obtained. The mortar shall be mixed in a manner
such that the quality of water can be controlled accurately and uniformly. Mortar boxes, pans
of mixing drums shall be kept clean and free of debris or dried mortar. The mortar shall be
used before the initial setting of the cement has taken place, re-tempering of mortar in which
cement has started to set shall not be permitted.
Proportion of Mortar Grout
Fine mortar grout shall be mixed in the volumetric proportion of one part Portland cement.
¼ part hydrated lime and 3 parts sand. Coarse grout shall be mixed in proportion of one part
Portland cement, ¼ hydrated lime, 3 parts sand and 3 parts pea gravel passing a 3/8 inch sieve.
Use of Fine Coarse Grout
Fine grout shall be used in grout spaces less than 50 mm in my horizontal dimension or when
clearance between reinforcement and masonry unit is less than 17 mm. Coarse grout shall be
used in grout spaces more than 50 mm in all horizontal dimensions or where clearance
between the reinforcement and masonry is more than 17 mm.
Mortar Joints
Mortar joint shall be uniform in thickness, and the average thickness of any three consecutive
joints shall be 9.50 mm. “Gage rods” shall be made and approved prior to starting the work
and shall be used throughout the work. Changes in coursing or bonding after the work has
started shall not be permitted. The jointer shall be slightly larger than the width of the joints,
so that complete contact is made along the edge of the units, compressing and sealing the
surface of the joints. Joints in masonry, which will not be exposed, shall be struck flush.
Joints shall be brushed to remove all loose and excess mortar. All horizontal joints shall be
on level and vertical joints shall be plumbed and aligned from the top to the bottom of the
wall with a tolerance of plus or minus 12 mm.
Concrete Masonry Unit
The first course of concrete masonry unit shall be laid in full bed of mortar, for the full width
of the unit; the succeeding courses shall be laid with broken joints. Concrete masonry units
with the cells verticals shall have bed-joints formed by applying the mortar to the entire top
surfaces of the inner and outer face shell, and the head joints formed by applying the mortar
of a width of about 25 mm to the ends of the adjoining units laid previously. The mortar for
joints shall be smooth, not furrowed, and shall b of such thickness that it will be forced out of
joints as the units are being placed in position. Where anchors, bolts, ties and reinforcing bars
occur within the cell of the units, such cells shall be solidly filled with mortar or grout as the
work progresses.
Reinforcement
Horizontal tie reinforcement shall be provided where indicated. Reinforcement shall be

continuous and provided in the longest available lengths. Reinforcement above and below
openings shall extend and be embedded into the columns, unless otherwise shown on the
drawings. Spices shall overlap not less than 150 mm. Reinforcement shall be embedded in
the mortar joints in the manner that all parts shall be protected by mortar. The two top courses
of filler block walls shall have their cores filled with grout when placed in position.
Unless otherwise shown on the drawings, the size and spacing of bars shall be as follows:
For Vertical Bars
150 mm (6”) CHB - 12 MM (1/2”) dia. At 600 mm (24”) on

centers
100 mm (4”) CHB - 10 mm (3/8”) dia. At 600 mm
For horizontal bars: - 12 mm (1/2”) dia. At 600 mm (24”) on

center (every third course) for 150 mm (6”)
and 100 mm (4”) CHBs
Bounding and Anchoring
Masonry walls and partitions shall be accurately anchored or bonded at points where they
intersect, and where they abut or adjoin the concrete frame of the building. All anchors shall
be completely embedded in mortar.
Grout Placement
Grout shall be performed on the interior side of wall, except as approved otherwise, Sills,
ledges, offsets and other surfaces to be left exposed shall be protected from grout falling on
such surfaces and be and shall be removed immediately. Grout shall be stirred before placing
to avoid segregation of the aggregate and shall be sufficiently fluid to flow into joints and
around the reinforcement without leaving any voids. Grout shall be placed by pumping or
pouring from buckets equipped with spouts, in lifts not exceeding 1.2 meters high. Grout
shall be puddle thoroughly to eliminate voids without displacing the masonry units from its
original position. Masonry units displaced by the grouting operation shall be removed and
re-laid to its proper alignment using fresh mortar grout.
Tests and Test Reports
The testing requirements stated herein or incorporated in referenced contract documents may
be waived provided certified copies of report of tests from approved laboratories performed
on previously manufactured materials are submitted and approved. Test reports shall be
accompanied by notarized copies from the manufacturer certifying that the previously tested
materials is of the same type, quality manufacture, and make as those proposed of this project.
The work includes the furnishing, fabrication, erection or installation of structural steel roof
framing and miscellaneous metal work in accordance with this specification and as shown in
the drawings.
The latest edition of the following specifications and standards refereed to hereinafter by basic
designation only, shall form part of this specification:
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
A36/A3 Specification for Structural Steel

6M
A53 Steel Pipe Zinc Coated Welded and Seamless Black and Hot-Dip
A307 Bolts and Studs, 60,000 psi Tensile Strength
A325 Standard Specification, high Strength Bolts for Joints

A570 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip, Structural Quality
A611 Steel, Cold-Foiled Steel, Carbon, Structural Quality
AWS American Welding Society
D1.1 Structural Welding Code, Steel
American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Design, Fabrication, Erection of

Structural Steel for Buildings.
American Iron Steel Institute, Specification for the Design of Light Gage Cold-Formed Steel
Structural Members.
Structural Steel Shapes Plates and Bars

Unless otherwise shown or specified on the drawing, structural steel shapes plates and bars
shall conform to ASTM specification A36/A6M.
Hot-Formed Steel Sheet and Strip
Unless otherwise shown or specified on the drawings, hot-formed steel and strip shall conform
steel sheet and strip shall conform to ASTM A570.
Bolts, Nuts, and Washer
It shall conform to specification STM A370, with a minimum yield point of 33,000 psi, unless
otherwise shown in the drawings. Heavy hexagonal structural bolts, heavy hexagonal nuts,
and hardened washers, shall be quenched and tarpapered medium-carbon steel bolts, nuts and
washers complying with ASTM A325.
Screw and Expansion Bolts
Screw and expansion bolts be of standard commercial grade, and of the sizes and types
indicated as approved by the
Electrodes
Electrodes for are welding shall be E60, or E70, AWS D1.1
Galvanizing
Unless otherwise specified, galvanizing shall be of standard quality, hot-dipped process of

1.25 ounces per square foot of coating. Galvanized surface that are damaged prior to final
acceptance shall be repaired using an approved repair compound.
Miscellaneous Metals
Miscellaneous metal including fastenings, anchorages and incidentals not specifically

mentioned herein or in other section of this specifications but are required to complete the
work, for which there are no detailed drawings, shall be provided and installed in accordance
with standard practice of the trades.
Delivery, Storage and Handling
Fabricated materials delivered to job site shall be stored in clean and protected dry areas in
manufacturers’ protective package. Structural steel materials to be stored shall be placed on
skids above the ground. It shall be kept clean and properly drained. Skids placed near enough
together to prevent injury from deflection shall support long members, such as purlins and
chords.
General
Fabrication and erection of structural steel shall be in accordance with AISC specification for
the design. Fabrication and erection of structural steel for buildings, except as specified
herein. The DAC/ME shall prepare shop drawings showing the proposed method of
fabrication and installation of all metal work. No work shall be started until the shop drawings
have been approved. And all work shall conform to the approved shop drawings.
Installation of Container Van
The work shall be well formed at the shape and size shown and assembles as detailed.
Structural members shall be fabricated and assemblers in the shop to the greatest extend
possible. Shearing and punching shall be produced in clean, true lines and surfaces with burrs
remove. Nuts shall be drawn up tight. Joints which are to be exposed to the weather, shall
be waster lights. Hole shall be cut, drilled or punched at right angles to the surface of the
metal and shall not burning enlarge made ort. Holes in base or bearing plates shall be drilled.
1 Welding
.
Structural steel shall be welded accordance with the standard code of Air and Gas Welding
in Building Construction of the American Welding Society. Qualified welders shall
perform all welding work only.
2 Shop Painting
.
Unless otherwise specified of indicated in the drawings, all structural steel work (except
galvanized surfaced and surfaces that will be painted with epoxy) shall be given a shop
coat of red lead or zinc chromate primer.
Erection
The steel structure shall be erected true to line and grades. Bracing’s and supports shall be
introduces whenever necessary to take care of all the loads to which the structure may be
subjected. Such bracings shall be left in place as long as may be required for safety. As
erection progresses, the work shall be securely bolted to taken care of all the dead loads, wind
and erection stresses. No reaming of undersize bolt holes shall be permitted, and erection
bolts shall not be used for lining up members.
1 Drift Pins
.
Drift pins may be used only to bring together several parts; they shall not be used in such
manner as to distort or damage the metal.
2 Gas Cutting
.
The use of gas cutting torch in the fields for correcting fabrication errors shall not be
permitted on any major member in the structural framing. Its use may be permitted only
when the member is not under stress, and subject to the approval of the Project Manager.
3 Base Plates and Bearing Plates

.
Base plates and large bearing plates shall be supported on steel wedges or shims until the
supported members have been plumbed, following which the entire bearing are shall be
grouted with no-shrink cement grout.
4 Grouting Mortar for Setting Base Plates
.
Concrete grout shall be a non-shrinking type grouting mortar. The mortar subject to the
approval by the Project Manager can either be a mixture of Portland cement, well graded
fine aggregate, aluminum powder; and water or an approved commercial grouting mortar
containing a non-metallic chemical oxidizing agent. If adopted, the approved product shall
be delivered to the site of the work in original sealed container bearing the trade name of
the manufacturer. Surfaces to receive the mortar shall be clean and shall be clean and shall
be moistened thoroughly before placing the mortar. Exposed surfaces of mortar shall be
water cured we burlap for at least seven (7) days.
5 Setting Up
.
Steel shall be erected plumb, level and properly guyed. In setting or erecting structural
steel, the individual piece shall be considered plumb or level where the error does not
exceed 1 to 500.
CARPENTRY AND JOINERY
These sections include all rough and finish carpentry and joinery works, as shown in the
drawings and in accordance with this specification.
Lumber
All number shall be in accordance with the accepted commercial standard and shall be of the
approved quality of each kind and shall be of the following spaces and grades as shown in the
drawings.
Use Species Grade
Lumber in contact with

Concrete, masonry and
Cement plaster Yakal Good
Jambs, Transoms, mullions

headers, sills, frames and wood
base of detachable partition Yakal Clear
Ceiling joist, studs, roof Apitong or Tanguile Good

framing and nailers
Wood trims, wooden planks

and wood vent and frames
Tanguile Clear
1 Quality of Lumber
.
All lumber shall be of the approved quality of each kind required for the various parts of
the work, well-seasoned, thoroughly dry, and free from large, loose or unsound knots, saps,
shakes, and other imperfections impairing its strength, durability and appearance. Jambs,
transoms, mullions, headers, sills, frames and wood base shall be air dried and well-
seasoned for at least two (2) months before use.
2 Substitutions
.
Any lumber equally for the purpose may substituted for the kinds specified, provided that
the substitution shall be acceptable to the BSPMC.
3 Except where otherwise specified, lumber shall be sun-dried, or kiln-dried. At time of

. installation, the maximum moisture content, expressed as a percentage of the oven-dry
wood, shall be as follows:
a Rough Carpentry and Framing

.
Framing lumber 2 inches and less in thickness: 19 percent
Framing lumber over 2 inches thick: 25 percent
Boards: 19 percent
b Interior millwork, finish and trim: 17 percent

.
Plywood
1 Interior Areas
.
Plywood ceiling for interior ceiling, doors, and partitions shall be of 6 mm thick tanguile
plywood, grade “A”, 3-ply with high water resistant.
2 Exterior Areas
.
Plywood ceiling for exterior ceiling, partition and doors (toilet and bath) shall be to 6 mm
marine plywood.
Framing
Wooden frames for detachable partitions shall be kiln-dried, tanguile.
Workmanship
Lumber for framing and other carpentry shall be fitted closely, set accurately to the required
lines and levels, and shall be secured in place in a rigid and substantial manner. Spiking,
nailing and bolting shall be done in an approved manner. Spikes, nails and bolts shall be of
the proper size, and care shall be taken so as not to split the members. All frames coming in
contact with concrete or masonry shall be anchored by means of nails spaced sufficiently
apart all around the contact surfaces. Bolt holes shall be drilled accurately and shall have a
diameter of 3 mm more than the bolt size. All exposed wood surfaces shall be smoothly
dressed and if so required, shall be well sand papered to an even smooth surface ready for
finishing.
Finish Framing
Grades and species of wood shall be as specified. Interior finish shall be set plumb, level,
square, and in true alignment and joints shall be tight and formed to conceal shrinkage. All
finish framing, shall be done as much as possible with carefully fitted mortise and tendon
joints. Surface finish of woodwork shall be smoothly dressed and well sanded by machine or
by hand. Conceal fastening and joints as much as possible, if not possible locate them in
inconspicuous places where nailing is permitted on wood surfaces. Face nailing in trim and
millwork specified to receive a natural finish shall be selected for uniformity in color and
graining. Nailing and blocking shall be provided as necessary.
Rough Framing
Framing and other rough carpentry shall be fitted closely and set accurately to the required
line and levels and shall be secured in place in a rigid and substantial manner. Framing
members shall not be spliced between bearing points and shall be free from pronounced
defects. All framing members, not indicated or specified shall be provided as necessary for
the proper completion of the work. Nailing shall be done in an approved manner, so as not
to split the framing members.
Protection of Work
The PIT shall protect all finished woodwork and millwork from injury after it has been set in
place until completion and final acceptance.
Hardware
Items of hardware to be installed shall be as directed or as shown in the drawings and shall
be fitted carefully and attached securely. Care shall be exercised not to mar or injure the
work.
MOISTURE AND THERMAL PROTECTION
This section includes the furnishing of all plant, tools, equipment, materials and other in the
installation of waterproofing, and roofing, including miscellaneous sheet metal works as
required providing a waterproof installation.
Pre-painted Cladding and Siding

Aluminum cladding shall be 5 mm thick, pre-coated with zinc-epoxy polyester or acrylic
paint, and oven-baked for tougher resistance to chemical and atmospheric corrosion,
preventing flaking, fading or rusting.
Container Van and Sheet Metalwork
Container van, pre-coated with zinc-epoxy polyester or acrylic paint and oven-baked.
Fasteners and Accessories
Strap fasteners shall be of gauge 24, galvanized iron sheet, 25 mm wide and be sufficiently
long for the required connection. Rivets and washer shall be galvanized mild iron. Rivets
shall not be less than 5 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length. Washers shall not be less than
1.5 mm thick and 20 mm in outside diameters.
Storage of Material
Corrugated galvanized steel sheets and other molded materials shall be stacked in level sites
using lumber placed right angles to corrugation. Stacks shall be kept covered and protected
from the weather and from contact with soil.
Aluminum Cladding Installation

1 General
.
Except as specified otherwise herein, all materials shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer’s printed erection instructions. Care shall be exercised in storing, handling
and installing to prevent any damage to roofing sheets. The sheets shall be of the length
indicated or the greatest length to suit the purlins spacing. End laps of roofing shall be
located over purlins. Extreme care shall be exercised in drilling, pilot holes for fattening
to keep drills perpendicularly center valleys or crowns as applicable. After drilling, all
melt filings and burrs shall be removed from holes prior to installing fasteners and washers.
Sheets deformed or otherwise damaged by over-torque fastenings, shall be removed and
new sheets be installed. Size and spacing, or fasteners used in erection shall be as
recommended by manufacturer subject to the approval of the consultant. All metal shaving
shall be swept from roofs upon completion to prevent rusting and discoloration.
Prior to the installation of aluminum cladding, galvanized angle bar should have been
placed and spaced properly to fit the length of aluminum cladding to be used.
3 Joint Sealing
.
To provide watertight construction joint sealing material shall be provided to seal all joint
in and around sealing strips at ridges, eaves valleys and, bolt holes before inserting
fasteners for all flashing and elsewhere as necessary.
4 Fastening and reverting

.
Pre-painted roofing sheets shall be fastened to the purlins by means of metal strap GA. 24,
25 m wide, strapped to steel purlins and riveted to metal roofing.
Install the ridge roll and gutters when required before fastening the roofing sheets with
plain galvanized iron straps and washer. Each strap end shall be fastened at every other
corrugation along gutter lines and end laps. The other strap end shall be bent around and
nailed taut to the purlins. Riveting at intermediate purlins and laps shall be done at every
third corrugation. Rivet shall be provided with galvanized iron washers below and above
the roofing sheet. Rivets shall be sufficiently long to allow for a hemispherical head
formation. Riveting shall be done such that the lead washer will be compressed to provide
a watertight fir around the rivets.
The use of Teks screw for the installation of the roofing may be adopted upon written
approval from the Project Manager.
7 Fabrication of Gutters
.
Gutters shall be fabricated to the shape and dimensions indicated in the plans. Gutter joints
shall be flat seams folded and sealed evenly in the direction of flow. Otherwise, gutter
joints shall be lapped at least 25 mm, fastened together with a 3.175 mm diameter or No. 8
copper rivets and burrs and sealed.
Gutter shall be attached to the facial frame with galvanized nails or screws spaced at not
less than 900 mm on centers and at a point slightly higher than the leading edge of the
gutter. As additional support, gutters shall be fastened to the end purlins by a wrought iron
straps 3 mm thick and 19 mm wide spaced at not more than 1000 mm on centers.
Roof Accessories
Downspout
This item shall be of polyvinyl chloride (P.V.C) pipe embedded concrete columns as shown
in the drawings or as directed by the Consultant. PVC downspout shall not be less than 75
mm in diameter and a product of a reputable manufacturer acceptable.
Water Testing
All waterproofed surfaces, roof, sidings, gutter and downspout system shall be tested for water
tightness by flushing or flooding, with water as directed by the Consultant. Floodwater shall
be kept on gutters, downspouts for a minimum time of twenty-four (24) hours. If any leak
occurs, the works shall be repaired or reconstructed. Test shall be repeated until satisfactorily
result has been attained.
Method of Measurement
The quantities to be paid for under this section shall be measured as follows:
a The square meters of waterproofed areas installed and accepted shall measure membrane
. waterproofing. The payment of quantities shall be deemed to include the cost of surface
preparation, metal lath reinforcement and mortar plaster including protection and testing
works.
b The measurement for roofing, fascia and siding shall be in square meter of area completed
. and accepted by the Consultant. The payment of these items shall be considered to include
the cost of preparation, installation of metal sheets, fastening, joint sealing, false work and
necessary works to complete this item.
c The number of pieces of each unit installed as shown in the drawing shall measure the
. quantities for roof drain and weep holes.
d The liner meter in place will measure downspout. The payment of quantities shall be
. deemed to include the cost of fittings, joint sealer and fasteners necessary to complete the
work.
e The measurement for ridge roll, gutter and flashing shall be in linear meter of sheet metal
. work fabricated installed and accepted. The payment for this item shall be considered to
include the cost of fastening and sealing.
f The cost of installing insulation shall be measured in square meter area of insulation
. installed and accepted. Cost per square meter of insulation installed shall be deemed to
include the cost of support, fasteners and incidentals to be work.
5.0 DOORS AND WINDOWS
This section calls for the furnishing, fabrication and installation of doors and windows in
accordance with the plans and specifications.
Wood Doors
1 General
.
Door panels shall have 44 mm thickness, unless otherwise specified or shown on plans,
except for counter doors, which shall be 31 mm thick.
2 Door Types
.
a Hollow Core/Flush Doors

.
Except as otherwise specified, flush door shall be done in accordance with the detail as
shown on the plans. The plywood edge protection shall be around and into the outside
frame of the door in order to prevent “peeling off” of the plywood veneers at the edges.
3 Lumber
.
Lumber for doors shall be of commercial grade, of the approved quality of each kind, well-
seasoned, thoroughly dry, and free from loose or unsound knots, shakes, pitch pockets, or
other imperfections affecting its strength, durability or appearance.
a Door frames in contact with concrete shall be yakal, good grade of the design size and
. thickness as indicated in the drawings. Application of black coal tar between contact
surfaces shall be provided.
b Door studs, nailed and frames shall be tanguile, S4S and kiln-dried with not more than
. fourteen percent (14%) moisture content.
4 Plywood
.
Plywood for interior flush doors shall be tanguile, first class and of commercial standard.
For toilets and bath doors, use marine plywood.
Glass Jalousie Windows
a Layer Type Operation

.
This type of jalousie window shall be capable of locking the unit in any position and cannot
be opened outside. Louver with glass slat clips and tilt gar casing shall be extruded
aluminum sections, true to details with clear, straight, sharply defined profiles and green
from defects impairing its strength or durability. Aluminum extruded section and strips
shall be Type AA conforming to ASTM B 235-50T.
b Window Frames (Wood Jambs)

.
Opening frames for jalousie window shall be well seasoned, thoroughly dried “Yakal” to
avoid any possibility of warping after the glass jalousie window materials has been set in
place.
c Glass Pane
.
It shall be clear glass of high quality, free from unevenness or other imperfection that
affects its quality and form.
Glass
Quality of glass shall be as mentioned in USGM Specification No. 123. Use of other
recognized commercial brand should be referred to and subject to the approval of the BSPMC.
Quality of Glass
All glass sheets for doors and windows, unless otherwise specified herein or otherwise
indicated in the drawings, shall be locally manufactured.
Finish Hardware and Specialties
The model numbers herein given designated the quality and style (type, design, operation,
materials and finish) of hardware designated. Any other hardware equally good may be
substituted only in cases of urgent necessity and subject to the approval of the BSPMC.
Unless otherwise specified, exposed surface shall have the following U.S. Standard
finishes.
US9 (polished bright brass of bronze), bronze surfaces exposed on exterior of building
not specified to have US26 finish.
US26 (polished chromium plated over nickel or brass), brass or bronze surfaces exposed
in toilets, lavatory and shower rooms and all others in the interior of the building.
USP (prime-coated for painting), ferrous metal surfaces, unless zinc coated.
Butt Hinges
All hinges that are needed shall be steel plated and of the size for the purpose. Use
“Hanger”, “Stanley”, “Cordon” or an approved equivalent, highly polished and plated
with non-raising pin for door opening outside.
Locks
Doors and windows shall be provided with complete, ready for operation, one pin
tumbler cylinder lock of the medium or standard type for each door in accordance with
the schedule below. U.S. standard finishes as specified in Section 8.2.7, shall apply to
all locks. Use “Russian”, “Yale”, “Cordon”, “Weiser”< and “Schlage” of the standard
type, U.S. brand or approved equivalent.
The trademark and plate numbers given herein are to designate only the quality, type,
operation, materials and style (design) required.
Schedule of Lockset and Door Closers
Use “Yale” lockset, U.S. brand or any approved equivalent; U.S. 26 (bright chrome)
installed complete ready for service in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
for the doors on all classrooms, laboratory and library rooms. Use “Cordon” door
closer, U.S. brand or its equivalent (aluminum finish) for library, laboratory and toilet
rooms.
Use “Yale” lockset, U.S. brand or any approved equivalent; U.S. 26 (bright chrome)
for all toilet doors.
Installation of Doors
Doors shall be installed only after completion of other works, which may affect the
moisture content of the door. Doors shall be fitted and trimmed as required by the
opening they will cover. Doors shall have a clearance of 3 mm at the side and top and
shall have a bottom clearance of 6 mm over thresholds or as shown on details. The lock
edge of doors shall be leveled at the rate of 3 mm. in 50 mm. Cuts made on the jambs
shall be sealed immediately after cutting, using a clear water-resistant varnish or sanding
sealer.
Doors with surfaces receive paint finish may be furnish factory primed, and doors with
natural finish may be furnished factory pre-finished. Final furnishing shall be done in
site in accordance with painting and varnishing specifications.
Installation of Glass Window

Window framing and aluminum frame glass jalousie window shall be fitted closely, set
accurately to the required lines and levels, and secured in place in rigid manner with the
use of appropriate fasteners. Frame corners shall be mitered and mechanically locked to
attain extreme rigidity.
Aluminum frames and glass blades of jalousie shall be of the design, size and thickness
as indicated. Aluminum framing and clip shall be shop fabricated and shall be loosely
pivoted to allow free movement. The blades shall be secured to the clip of 1.83 mm
common wire nails with one end riveted. Movable section of the jalousies shall allow
easy operation either to close or open operation.
All wood frames used, as jambs for window opening shall be shaped molded true to
details and properly equipped with weather-stripped to prevent penetration of rainwater.
Corners of frames shall be mitered and mechanically locked resulting in extreme rigidity.
Aluminum lever casing with glass clips; tilt bar and locking handles shall be set and
properly adjusted leveled and aligned to acquire satisfactory operation and to assure
weather tight construction operation.
Installation of Glass
Glass shall be set after framing have been primed and dried. All glass shall be bedded,
back and face puttied and secured in place. Secure glass in window frames with non-
corrosive clips, except where glazing beads are required. Apply putty uniformly in
straight lines, with accurately formed levels and clean-cut corners; remove excess putty
from glass. Improperly set glass shall be replaced to the satisfaction of the BSPMC.
All glass shall be accurately cut to fit openings and set with equal bearing on the entire
width of the pane. Convex side of glass shall be on the outside.
Installation of Builders Hardware
Door Knobs, Lock and Latch Strikes

All lock and latch strikes shall be installed in doorframes at the same height from the
floor. Doorknobs shall be so located that the center of the knob is 0.90 m. from the
finished floor.
Butt Hinges
Each panel of hinged door shall be provided with two (2) butts for doors 1.50 m or less
in height; three (3) butts, over 1.50 m. high and not over 2.10 m in height. Doors of a
greater height than 2.10 m, unless otherwise specified, shall be provided with an
additional one (1) butt for each 0.65 m or fraction thereof.
Size of the Butt Hinges required as follows:
Thickness of Door Width of Door Size of Butt

Hinges
21 mm or 25 mm (7/8” or 63 mm (2 ½”)
1”)
28 mm (1 1/8”) 75 mm x 75 mm
(3” x 3”)
44 mm ( 1 ¾”) 100 mm x 100 mm
(4” x 4”)
56 mm x 63 mm ( 2 ¼” x 125 mm x 125 mm
2 ½”) (5” x 5”)
Fastenings
Fastening of suitable size, quality and type shall be provided to secure hardware in
position. Machine screws and expansion shields shall be provided for securing items
of hardware to concrete bricks tile or masonry instead of wood screws.
Exposed Items of Hardware
After the finish hardware has been properly fitted, all exposed items such as knobs,
plates, pulls, locks, etc., shall be removed until the final coat of paint finish has been
applied. Other items of finish hardware that are not to be removed before painting
shall be properly marked or completely covered until final coat of paint finish has been
applied, after which such protective cover shall be removed.
FINISHES
This section covers all works required in connection with surface finished on wood,
metal, masonry and concrete surfaces in accordance with this specification and as shown
in the drawings.
Plastering Works
Portland Cement
Cement shall conform to ASTM standard C150, Type 1

Sand
Fine aggregates for plastering shall be natural sand and shall be retained between No.
50 and No. 100 sieves
Lime
It shall be dehydrated lime where the free (unhydrated) calcium oxide and magnesium
oxide in the hydrated product shall not exceed 8 percent by weight.
Water
Water used in mixing, shall be reasonably clean and free of oil, salt, acids, alkali, grass
or other substances injurious to the finished product.
Tile Works
Floor Tiles
Tiles shall be standard grade, unglazed vitrified tiles, and 6 mm thick. Color and
pattern shall be as specified in the drawing or as approved by the Project Manager.
Wall and Wainscoting Tiles
It shall be 6 mm thick, standard grade, glazed vitrified tiles. Color and pattern shall be
as shown in the drawing or as approved by the Project Manager. Tiles shall be free
from lamination, serrated edges, chipped off corners and other imperfections affecting
their quality, appearance and strength.
White Cement Grout
It shall be of the standard quality approved by the Project Manager.
Paints
All paints materials shall be as manufactured by recognized company. Tinting colors

shall be of the same type as to the paint specified in the schedule of pain materials. All
paints except paint for metals shall have fungicides added (Phenol Mercuric Chloride) in
the amount of 1.5 percent to the total weight of paint.
Storage and Delivery of Materials

Cement and lime shall be stored of the ground under watertight cover, and away from
damp walls and surfaces until ready for use. Damaged or deteriorated materials shall be
removed from the premises immediately. Manufactured materials shall be delivered in
the original unbroken packages or containers that are labeled plainly with the
manufacturer’s name and brand. Container for tiles shall be grade-sealed. Materials shall
be handled in a manner that will prevent the intrusion of deleterious materials that will
affect its quality and appearance.
All paint materials shall be delivered to the joist in the original containers, with labels
intact and seals unbroken. Quality and type of paints shall be as specified in the schedule
of paint materials and tools. The storage shall be adequately ventilated and must always
be kept clean. Paints shall be protected from damage and contamination at all times and
safeguards shall be taken to prevent fire.
Cement Finish on Concrete Floor Slabs
General
This work includes plain cement finish with or without red cement, and plain cement
finish as bed for tiles, including all labor, materials, equipment and other facility to
complete the work in accordance with the plans and specifications.
Finishing Requirements
Floors and slabs shall be sloped uniformly to the drains. In areas where tiles are to be
laid, the concrete-based slab shall be depressed to not less than 50 mm, when not
indicated. Floor and slab finishes, where not indicated, shall receive a single steel
trawling. Dry cement shall not be placed directly on the new concrete surface to absorb
excess moisture.
Finishing Procedures
Finishing procedures for floors and slabs, where not indicated on the drawings, shall
be as follows:
Finish Description Uses
Screened Rough Free from Slab and Ridges and holes surfaces
concrete under
Earth fill base slabs Medium rough with Light Texture finished areas
storage and heavy machine
pads
Trawled Fine and texture to flossy All surfaces:

glass
1. under floor – 1 pass

Finish depending upon the
number of passes of 2. normal wearing – 2 passes
surfaces
3. dense wearing – 3 trawling
passes
Screened Finish
Concrete shall be placed, consolidated and immediately struck off to bring the top
surface of the slab to proper grade. Floors shall be leveled with a tolerance of 3 mm
in 3.0 meters, except where drain occurs, in which case the floors shall be pitched to
the drains. Striking off and bull floating shall be completed before water appears on
the surface of the fleshly-placed concrete. If water is still visible by the time floating
is to start, the excess water shall first be scrubbed off the surface by appropriate means.
Floated Finished
Floating shall begin when the water sheen has disappeared and when the surface has
stiffened sufficiently to support a man without indenting the surface. Floating shall be
performed by hand with a wood float. During the floating, the surface shall be checked
with a 3.0 m straight edge applied at different angles. The surface shall be floated to a
true plane within 3 mm in 3.0 meters.
Trawled Finished
Upon attaining proper set, the floor shall first be given a floated finish as specified
herein above and then hand trawled. The first trawling should produce a smooth
surface, free of defects. The finished surface shall be free of trawled marks, uniform
in texture and true to a plane within 3 mm in 3.0 meters.
Bromide Finish
The floor shall first be given a floated finish and a steel trawled finish as specified
herein above and then surface shall be bromide with flexible bristle broom. The
topping mixture shall be spread evenly over the roughened base before the final set has
taken place. At the time of brooding, the trawled surface shall have hardened
sufficiently to retain the scoring on ridges. The brooding shall be in a direction
transverse to that of traffic or at right angles to the slope of the floor.
Application of Cement Finishes
The concrete slab to receive cement top finish shall be roughened before the concrete
has set. Before applying the cement top finish, the concrete surface shall be further
roughened with a pick of similar tool to remove Latinate, loose particles, plaster and
anything that would prevent bond and then cleaned by an approved method or device.
After cleaning, the slab shall be thoroughly wet before top finish is applied. The
cement top finish shall have a minimum thickness of 19 mm and shall be poured
continuously until the entire section is complete. Cement top finish shall be floated
either manually or by machine, struck off with straight edge, steel trawled to a hard
smooth surface, and graded to drain where required. Where the floor is to hardened,
½ of the pre-mixed floor hardener shall be spread over the freshly poured cement top
finish after screening and removing any excess water from the mixture and the floor
shall then be floated. The balance of the pre-mixed floor hardener shall be evenly
spread over the surface at right angles to the first application. The floor shall then be
floated and care shall be taken to embed the floor topping with hardener firmly in
surface of the concrete floor. The treated cement top finish shall be allowed to set
sufficiently so that the surface maybe steel trawled to a hard-scaled surface.
Other Cement Finish
Patching of Surface Defects
All surface defects shall be repaired with cement mortar of the same composition as
used in the concrete. Part of the cement in the mortar may be white cement, for
patching exposed areas to match the color of the surrounding concrete. Patching shall
begin as soon as the forms are removed and areas to be patched are cleaned thoroughly.
Minor defective areas shall be cut out of the solid concrete to a depth of not less than
25 mm. And edges of cuts shall be perpendicular to the surface of the concrete. Area
to be patched and about 150 mm of the adjacent surrounding areas shall be saturated
with water before placing the mortar. Mix the mortar approximately one (1) hour
before placing and remix occasionally during this period without adding water. An
initial grout of cement and water mixed to the consistency of paint of the required color
shall be applied into the surface to which the mortar is to be bonded.
Repairing of Structural Defects
Concrete with excessive honey-comb, exposed reinforcing bars and other defects
which affect the structural strength of the members shall be removed and repaired.
Finishing of Formed Surfaces
Finishing of formed surfaces, where not indicated in the drawings, shall be as follows:
Surfaces exposed to public view shall be smooth form finished. No plastering work
shall be done on exposed surfaces to correct imperfections. Form facing materials
shall be used to produce a smooth, hard and uniform texture on the concrete. Tie holes
and defects shall be patched and all fins shall be completely removed.
Surfaces not exposed to public view shall be rough form finished. Tie holes and defects
shall be patched and fins exceeding 6 mm in height shall be chipped off or rubbed off.
Finishing of formed surfaces shall be accomplished after removal and repair of surface
defects.
Tile Works
General
The work consist of furnishing all materials, labor and performing all operations in
connection with tile finishing of floors and walls, complete including mortar beds for
the tile. Tile work shall not be started on portions where embedded lines crossed over
the area until roughing-ins for plumbing and electrical work has been completed and
tested. The work of all other trades in the areas where the work is to be done shall be
protected from damage in a workmanship manner .
Mortar for Tiles
A scratch coat for wall tile, shall consist of one part Portland cement, ¼ part lime putty
and 3 parts sand by-volume. Scratch coat shall have a minimum thickness of 9 mm.
The buttering mortar for setting walls tiles and mortar setting bed for floor tiles shall
have the same proportion as that of scratch coat.
Floor Tiling
Preparation of Surfaces
Before tile is applied with a dry-set mortar bed, the structural floor shall be tested for
levelness or uniformity of slope by flooding it with water. Areas with water ponds
shall be filled, leveled and resetting before the setting bed is applied. The slab shall be
soaked thoroughly with clean water on the day before the setting bed is applied.
Immediately preceding the application of the setting bed, the slab shall again be wetted
thoroughly but no free water shall be permitted to remain on the surface. A skim coat
of Portland cement mortar shall then be applied not more than 1.5 mm thick. The
mortar shall be spread until its surface is true and even and thoroughly compacted,
either level or sloped uniformly for drainage, where required. A setting bed, as far as
can be covered with the tile before the mortar shall have reached its initial set, must be
p laced in one (1) operation, but in the event that more setting mortar has been placed
than can be covered, the unfinished portion shall be removed and cut back to a clean
leveled edge.
Application of Floor Tile
All tiles shall be soaked in clean water to a minimum of one (1) hour before they are
installed. Placing tile on a wetted cloth in a shallow pan before installing shall damp
absorptive mounted tile. Before the initial set has taken place in the setting bed, a skim
of Portland cement mortar 75 mm to 1.5 mm thick, shall be trawled or brushed over
the setting bed of plain Portland cement. 75 mm and 1.5 mm thick may be hand dusted
uniformly over the setting bed and worked lightly with a trowel or brush until
thoroughly damp. The tiles shall then be pressed firmly upon the setting bed, and
carefully tapped into the mortar until true and even with the place of the finished floor
base. Tapping and leveling shall be completed within one (1) hour after placing tiles.
Borders and defined lines shall be laid before the field or body of the floor. Where
floor drain is provided, the floor shall be sloped properly to the drains. Cutting of tiles,
where necessary, shall be done along the outer edges of tile against trim, base,
thresholds, pipes, built-in fixtures, and similar surfaces and shall be geared and joined
carefully. Tiles shall be securely firmly in place, and loose tiles or tiles sounding
hollow shall be removed and replaced to the satisfaction of the Project Manager.
All lines shall be kept straight, parallel and true and all finished surface brought to true
and even planes.
Wall Tiling
Preparation of Surfaces
Scratch coat shall be applied on prepared surface to serve as backing for wall tiles, not
less than 24 hours or more than 48 hours before starting the tile setting. Temporary
screeds shall be applied to the scratch coat to provide a true and plumb surface to the
proper distance back from the finished wall. The setting bed shall be applied, rotted,
and floated flushed with the screeds over an area no greater than will be covered with
the tile while the bed remains plastic. The thickness of the setting bed shall not exceed
20 mm and the mortar shall not be tempered.
Application of Wall Tile
Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for a minimum of one (1) hour before they are
installed. A skim coat of Portland cement mortar mixed with water to the consistency
of thick cream. 75 mm thick shall be applied to the mortar setting bed, or to the back
of each tile. The tiles shall then be pressed firmly upon the setting bed and tapped until
flush and even with plane of the other tiles. The tiles shall be applied before the mortar
bed has taken its initial set. Intersections and returns shall be formed accurately. All
lines shall be kept straight and true, and all finished surfaces brought to true and even
planes; internal corners squared; and external corners rounded. Horizontal joints shall
be maintained level and vertical joints plumb in alignment.
Jointing
Joints shall be parallel and uniform in width, plumb, and level and in alignment. End
joints are broken-joints shall be made, as far as practicable, on the centerline of the
adjoining tiles. Joint widths shall be uniform and measured to accommodate the tiles
in the given spaces with a minimum cutting.
Grouting
Grouting shall be done as soon as the mortar beds have sufficiently set. All cement
shall be Portland cement, colored or white, as required. Where light colored mortar is
required in joints, mixture of white cement and non-fading mineral oxide shall be used
to produce the desired colors. The quantity of mineral oxides shall not exceed 10% of
the volume of cement in any case.
Cleaning
Upon completion of grouting, the tile shall be thoroughly cleaned and maintained in
this condition until completion of contract.
Painting
General
The work covered by this section consists of furnishing all labor, equipment, tools and
materials in performing all operations in connection with painting and finishing,
including protective coating of metal surfaces, complete in accordance with the
specifications and the applicable drawings.
Color and Samples
Sample panels of selected colors, at least (1) meter square in area shall be prepared for
approval by the BSPMC prior to application. All colors shall conform to KALAHI-
CIDSS: KKB standard.
Workmanship
Skilled workers shall do all work in a workmanlike manner. Paints shall be evenly
applied and free from sags, runs, crawls and other defects. All coats shall be of proper
consistency and well brushed out or rolled on so as to show a minimum brush or rolled
marks. Brushes or rollers shall be clean and in good condition.
All coats shall be thoroughly dry before the succeeding coat is applied. Allow at least
twenty-four (24) hours or more between applications of coat. For exterior painting
during rainy season, allow one (1) week drying time before the succeeding coat is
applied.
Painting coats as specified are intended to cover surfaces perfectly, it surfaces are not
fully covered, further coats shall be applied to attain the desired evenness of the paint
application. All finishes shall be uniform as to sheen, color and texture. Paint may be
applied by spray method except when, in the opinion of the spraying in any particular
application would produce unsatisfactory result
Each surface shall be inspected carefully before applying any finish; Should a coat of
paint be applied to a certain area and defects such as large cracks, hollow spots or
unevenness is plastering area discovered, such defects shall be knocked out and re-
plastered and re-painted to the satisfaction of the project manager.
Inspection of Surfaces
The project supervisor shall inspect all surfaces to be painted and all defects shall be
remedied before starting the work. No work shall be started unless required surface
dryness is met.
Concrete Surfaces
Surface Preparation:
Before applying paint, concrete and cement surfaces shall be allowed to dry
thoroughly. Clean surfaces of all dirt, alkali, and grease before commencing work.
Treat all surfaces with a solution of two (2) kilos of zinc sulfate to four (4) liters of
water and sufficient phenolphthalein to act as color warning. Present of alkali is
indicated when phenolphthalein turns red and further treatment is required to neutralize
it. Allow the surface to dry at least three (3) days and remove and loose crystals from
the surface before finishing.
Finishing
For exterior and interior concrete surfaces and all other surface with cement plaster
finish, use flat concrete paint with the specified brand approved by the Project
Manager.
First Coat – Apply flat concrete paint thinned with ½ liter water per 4 liters of paint;
tint with latex tinting color to closely match color of topcoat or use premixed paint.
Dry for 3 to 6 hours.
Intermediate Coat – Repair all minor surface imperfection with paint putty made by
mixing paint with patching compound powder. Let it dry for 24 hours, and then
smoothen the surface with sandpaper, before applying the intermediate coat.
Final Coat – Apply semi-gloss or gloss paint tinted with latex tinting color to the shade
specified.
Wood Surfaces
Surface Preparations
Plane the surface of wood with sandpaper to remove roughness, loose edges, slivers,
slingers, then clean to remove dust. All frames in contact with concrete or plaster shall
be treated with an anti-termite solution or solutions or equivalent before applying
paints. Set nail heads into the wood, fill holes, cracks and defects. Dry for three (3)
hours and clean surface with sandpaper to smoothen the surface.
Finishing
For all woodwork, use gloss latex house paint with specified brand approved by the
Project Manager.
First Coat – Apply enamel paint thinned with 1.2 liter water per 4 liters of paint.
Second Coat – Apply latex paint thinned with latex tinning colors to the shade
specified. Dry for 4 to 6 hours.
Metal Surfaces
Galvanized Metal
All soldered joints must be completely scrubbed hard with a stiff steel brush, washed
down with water to remove acidic solder flux, then the new surfaces must be wiped off
to remove grease and oils. All other surface contaminants must be removed before
applying pain. Apply 2 to 3 full coats of metal paint directly on galvanized metal
surfaces. Allow 24 hours drying time between coats.
Unquoted Steel
Other metal surfaces must be completely scrubbed hard with a stiff steel brush and
cleaned before applying a coat of red oxide primer or equivalent. Succeeding coats
shall be applied following manufacturer’s specifications for various coats on metal
surfaces.
Varnishing
Preparations
All wood works to be varnished shall be thoroughly sand papered and all cracks holes
and other defects shall be filled with quality wood filler stained to match the desired
finish. For varnishing wood species like loan, tanguile, apitong, etc., reduce the
prominence of the coarse grain in the wood by applying quality paste wood filler, sash
and trim primer. Allow this filler and primer to set well and the excess shall be
carefully and neatly cleaned from the surfaces by wiping across grain and let it dry of
the time required by the manufacturer.
Staining
If the desired color and shade can be obtained with the filler and primer staining shall
be omitted. Surfaces that require staining shall be stained with “Color matic Wood
Stain” or “Oil Wood Stain” production of recognized brands wiped thoroughly and
care shall be exercised in the use of the stain not to mark, but bring out and develop to
the fullest extent the natural texture or grain of woods. When the natural color, grain
or texture of wood have to be maintained, the use of stain shall be omitted.
Finishing
Finishes shall be as specified in the drawings as approved by the Stains and Varnish
shall be allowed to dry at least forty-eight (48) hours between coats and shall be sanded
lightly between coats with No. 00 or finer sand paper and cleaned before succeeding
coat is applied by hand rubbing and polishing, brushing, or spraying.
Protection
During painting works, furniture and other movable objects, equipment, fittings,
fixtures and accessories shall be removed or protected and returned in place upon
completion of painting works. Remove or protect all electric plates, surface hardware,
etc., before painting and re-install upon completion of painting works.
Cleaning Up
The community workers shall upon completion of work remove all paint where it has
been spilled, splashed or splattered on surface, remove all surplus materials, scaffold,
etc., and leave the place in perfect condition acceptable to the owner.
Final Inspection
Finished surfaces shall be solid; even in color and finished textures, free firm cops,
runs, lumps, brush marks, discoloration or other defects. Before final inspection, any
work damaged or discolored shall be touched up or refinished in a satisfactory manner.
Miscellaneous
All other items for work to be painted and not specified herein, but necessary to
complete the work shall be painted with the appropriate quality of paint suited to the
type and nature of the surface of material in accordance with the specifications.
10. PLUMBING
This item shall consists of furnishing all materials, tools, equipment and fixtures required
as shown on the Plans for the satisfactory performance of the entire plumbing system
including installation in accordance with the latest edition of the National Plumbing
Code, and this Specification
All piping materials, fixtures and appliances fitting accessories whether specifically
mentioned or not but necessary to complete this Item shall be furnished and installed.
Water Supply Pipes and Fittings
Pipes shall be galvanized iron pipe schedule 40 conforming to specification

requirements defined in ASTM A-120. The threaded connection. Under roads where
necessary shall be suitably protected as shown on the Plans.
Fittings shall be malleable iron Type II, galvanized iron conforming to specification
requirements defined in ATMA338.
Valves
Valves for water supply shall be bronze body with threaded ends ratted 21.0 kgf/cm.
Square. All valves are gate valves unless otherwise specified. Gate valves shall have
solid wedge body and discs conforming to specification requirements defined in
ASTM B-62. Globe valves shall have plug type discs with ferrule-threaded ends and
bronze body.
Unions
Unions on ferrous pipe 50 mm in diameter and smaller shall be malleable iron.
Water Meter
Water meter where required shall be of the type tested and approved by MWSS.
Approved Alternate Pipes and Fittings
Pipes and fittings for sanitary and potable water lines as approved alternative shall be
Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Pipes and Fittings (UPVC).
Pipes and fittings shall be made of virgin materials conforming to specification

requirements defined in ASTM D-2241 and PNS 65: 1986. Fittings shall be molded type
and designed for solvent cement joint connection for water lines and rubber O-ring seal
joint for sanitary lines.
The septic tank shall be provided as shown not hiplines including all pipe vents and
fittings. The various construction materials such as concrete masonry work shall conform
to the corresponding items of these Specifications. Inlet and outlet pipes shall conform
to the latest edition of the National Plumbing Code.
All fittings and trimmings for fixtures shall be chromium-plated and polished brass unless
otherwise approved. Exposed traps and supply pipes for fixtures shall be connected to
the urging in, piping system at the wall unless otherwise indicated on the Plans. Built-in
fixtures shall be watertight with provision of water supply and drainage outlet, fittings
and trap seal. Unless otherwise specified, all plumbing fixtures shall be made of vitreous
china porcelain complete with fittings.
Water closet shall be vitreous china porcelain, free saddling toilet combination, round
front bottom outlet siphon wash down with extended rear self and closed coupled tank
with cover complete with fittings and mounting accessories. The Engineer shall submit
model make and color for approval prior to delivery at job site.
Lavatory shall be vitreous china porcelain, wall-hung with rear overflow and cast-in
soap dishes, pocket hanger with integral china brackets, complete with twin faucets
supply pipes, P-strap and mounting accessories.
Before any installation work is started shall carefully examine the Plans and shall
investigate actual structural and finishing work condition affecting all this work. Where
actual condition necessitates a rearrangement of the approved pipe layout.
Horizontal lines shall be secured strongly by hooks to the building frame and suitable
brackets or chairs shall be provided at the floor from which they start.
Vent pipes in roof spaces shall be run as closes possible to underside of roof with
horizontal piping pitched down to stacks without forming traps. Vertical cent pipes
may be connected into one main vent riser above the highest vented fixtures.
Where an end or circuit vent pipe from any fixtures is connected to a vent line serving
other fixtures, the connection shall be at least 1.20 m above the floor on which the
fixtures are located.
Horizontal waste line receiving the discharge from two to more fixtures shall be
provided with end vents unless separate venting of fixtures is noted on the Plans.
All changes in pipe sizes on soil and waste lines shall be made with reducing fittings
or recessed reducers. All changes in directions shall be made by appropriate use of 45
degrees, wyes, half wyes, quarter bends or elbows may be used in waste lines where
the change in direction of flow is the horizontal to the vertical and on the discharge
from waste closets. Where it becomes necessary to use short radius fittings in other
locations the approval of the Project Manager shall be obtained prior to installation of
the same.
Vent pipe shall be flashed and made watertight at the roof with ferrule lead. Flashing
shall be turned down into pipes.
Each fixtures and place of equipment requiring connection to the drainage system
except fixtures with continuous waste shall be equipped with a trap. Each trap shall
be placed as near to the fixture as possible.
All water piping inside the building and underground, 100 mm diameter and smaller shall
be schedule 40, series 1000 PVC pipes fittings.
The water piping shall be extended to all fixtures, outlets, and equipment from the gate
valves installed in the branch near the rise.
The cold water system shall be installed with a fall towards a main shut off valve band
drain. Ends of pipes and outlet shall be capped or plugged and left ready for future
connections.
All pipes shall be cut accurately to measurements and shall be worked into place
without springing or forcing. Care shall be taken so as not to weaken the structural
portion of the building.
All piping above the ground shall be run parallel with the lines of the building unless
otherwise indicated on the Plans.
All service pipes valves and fittings shall be kept at sufficient distance from other work
to permit finished covering on the different services.
No water piping shall be buried in floors, unless specifically indicated on the Plans and
approved by the Project Manager.
Changes in pipes shall be made with reducing fittings.
Drain Cocks
Pipe drain indicated on the drawing shall consist of 12 mm globe valve with renewable
disc and installed at low points on the cold water piping so that all piping shall slope
100 in 30.5 m.
Threaded Pipe Joints
All pipes shall be reamed before threading. All screw joints shall be made with
graphite and oil or with an approved granite compound applied to make threads only.
Threads shall be cut and not more than three threads on the pipe shall remain exposed.
11. ELECTRICAL WORKS
Electrical installations shall conform to the latest provision of the Philippine Electrical
Code, rules and regulation of the local power company requires of the Bureau of Labor
Standards and existing city/municipal ordinances.
Incoming power shall be single phased, 220 volts, 2-wire, 60 Hz.
The work shall be supervised by a duly licensed electrical engineer or master

electrician.
There shall be one service drop in the building.
Unless otherwise specified, the minimum size of wire and conduit/PVC pipes to be
used shall AWG #14 PW and ½” diameter respectively.
All materials to be used shall be new and approved type for both purpose and location
intended.
All tumbler switches shall be “quick matic” type.
Wires shall be color coded, black for base wire and white for any colors other than
black for the neutral wire.
Neutral wires shall not be interrupted by switches or over current protective device.
Conduit runs shall be continuous from outlet, from outlet to panel board, or from pull
box to pull box.
Lightning fixtures shall be as indicated in the lighting fixtures scheduled.
All rigid steel conduits and utility/junction boxes embedded in concrete shall be
painted with red lead, otherwise using PVC pipe or flexible PVC pipe shall be installed
with proper fittings.
Location of convenience outlet shall be .4 meter above the finished floor line.
Flash type wall switches shall be 1.2 meters above the finished floor level.
Other fixtures shall be installed following the other provisions of the Electrical Code.
Figure 10: Ground Floor Plan

Figure 11: Second Floor Plan

Figure 12: Typical 3rd and 4th Floor Plan

Figure 13: Front and Rear Elevation

Figure 14: Right and Left Elevation

Figure 15: Cross Section Thru AA’ and BB’

Figure 16: Ground Floor Lighting Layout

Figure 17: Second Floor Lighting Layuout

Figure 18: 3rd and 4th Floor Lighting Layout

Figure 19: Ground Floor Plan Lighting Layout

Figure 20: Second Floor Lighting Layout

Figure 21: Third Floor Plan Lighting Layout

Figure 22: Fourth Floor Plan Lighting Layout

Figure 23: Ground Floor Plan Plumbing Layout

Figure 24: Second Floor Plan Plumbing Layout

Figure 25: Typical 3rd to 4th Floor Plumbing Layout

Figure 26: Isometric Plumbing Layout

Figure 27: Perspective View of A Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building

Using Unused Container Van
Figure 28: Another Perspective View

Project Title: Design of Four Storey Commercial/Residential Building Using Unused Container Van
Owner : Santos Cerrentes Realty Development Corporation
Location : E Rodriquez Ave., Quezon City
BILL OF MATERIALS
I. Excavation Works/Backfilling
No. Description Qty Unit Unit Price Total
1 Excavation Works 570 Cu.m. 500.00 285,000.00
2 Backfilling Works 350 Cu.m. 350.00 122,500.00
Total 407,500.00
II. Concrete Works

1 Cement 3450 bags 225.00 776,250.00
2 Gravel 345 Cu.m. 1,200.00 414,000.00
3 Sand (S1) 175 Cu.m. 1,000.00 175,000.00
Sub-Total 1,365,250.00
Labor 35% 477,837.50
Total 1,843,087.50
III. Rebars and Steel Works

1 16mm Reinforced Steel Bars 895 Pcs. 260.00 232,700.00
2 12mm Reinforced Steel Bars 1235 Pcs. 125.00 154,375.00
3 10 mm Reinforced Steel Bars 3450 Pcs. 85.00 293,250.00
4 20 mm Reinforced Steel Bars 475 Pcs. 540.00 256,500.00
5 # 16 Tie Wire 18 Rolls 1,200.00 21,600.00
6 Steel Deck 650 Sq.Mtr. 450.00 292,500.00
7 1”x 8”x 8” x 40’ I Beam 8 Pcs. 35,000.00 280,000.00
8 7/8” x 8” x 12” x 40’ I Beam 20 Pcs. 32,000.00 640,000.00

11 30m m Anchor Bolt 120 Pcs. 450.00 54,000.00
12 250 mm x 400x400mm Base Plate 15 Pcs. 1,500.00 22,500.00
13 Welding Rod 60/11 105 Box 2,100.00 220,500.00
14 Welding Rod 70/18 87 Box 2,400.00 208,800.00
15 Cutting Outfit 2 Pcs. 16,000.00 32,000.00
16 Acethelyn Gas 15 Tanks 500.00 7,500.00
17 Liquefied Petroleum Gas 25 Tanks 500.00 12,500.00
18 Grinding Disc 6” 56 Pcs. 345.00 19,320.00
19 Grinding Disc 4” 105 Pcs. 150.00 15,750.00
20 ½” x 6” Bolt 2700 Pcs. 45.00 121,500.00
21 ½” x 8” Bolt with Nut 1750 Pcs. 35.00 61,250.00
22 Oxygen Gas 87 Tanks 500.00 43,500.00
Sub-Total 2,990,045.00
Labor 35% 1,046,515.75
Total 4,036,560.75
IV. Equipment Rental

1 Backhoe ½ Cubic Meter Blade 100 Hours 2,500.00 250,000.00
2 Telescopic Boom 350 Hours 3,500.00 1,225,000.00
3 Dump Truck 100 Hours 1,000.00 100,000.00
Total 1,575,000.00
V. Masonry Works
1 4” Concrete Hollow Blocks 5,735 Pcs. 14.00 80,290.00
2 6” Concrete Hollow Blocks 8,570 Pcs. 19.00 162,830.00
3 12mm x 6m Reinforced Steel Bars 580 Pcs. 159.00 92,220.00

4 10mm x 6m Reinforced Steel Bars 475 Pcs. 145.00 68,875.00
5 #16 Tie Wire 6 Rolls 1,400.00 8,400.00
6 Portland Cement 1245 bags 225.00 280,125.00
7 Sand (S1) 105 cu.m. 1,000.00 105,000.00
Sub-Total 797,740.00
Labor 40% 319,096.00
Total 1,116,836.00
VI. Formworks and Scaffolding

1 ½” Ordinary Plywood 85 Pcs 534.00 45,390.00
2 ¼ Ordinary Plywood 45 Pcs. 325.00 14,625.00
3 2”x3” x 10’Cocolumber 2500 Pcs 86.00 215,000.00
4 2” Schedule 40 GI Pipe 500 850.00 425,000.00
5 Shoring Jack 300 500.00 150,000.00
6 Pivotal Clamp 1000 250.00 250,000.00
7 Fixed Clamp 1000 250.00 250,000.00
8 4” Common Wire Nail 25 Kgs 1,400.00 35,000.00
9 3” Common Wire Nail 12 Kgs 1,300.00 15,600.00
10 2’’ Common Wire Nail 6 Kgs 1,200.00 7,200.00
Sub-Total 1,407,815.00
Labor 30% 422,344.50
Total 1,830,159.50
VII. Plastering Works

1 Cement 750 Bags 230.00 172,500.00
2 Sand 80 cu.m. 1,000.00 80,000.00
3 Screen 20 Meters 110.00 2,200.00

4 Plastering (Exterior Walls) 680 Sq.mtr. 350.00 238,000.00
5 Plastering (Interior Walls) 1200 Sq.mtr. 200.00 240,000.00

Total
Labor 478,000.00
Material
Cost 254,700.00
Total 732,700.00
VIII. Ceiling Works

1 Hardiflex Board 670 Pcs. 360.00 241,200.00
2 Metal Furring 1340 Pcs. 85.00 113,900.00
3 Carrying Channel 570 Pcs. 145.00 82,650.00
4 Butterfly Clip 350 Pcs. 8.00 2,800.00
5 Blind Rivets 105 Boxes 300.00 31,500.00
6 Wall Angle 2340 Pcs. 45.00 105,300.00
7 Structural Epoxy 14 Pcs. 1,200.00 16,800.00

Sq.
8 Spandrel 530 Mtr. 280.00 148,400.00
9 Cornice 3”x 8’ 1875 Pcs. 150.00 281,250.00
10 Drill bits (assorted size) 1 Lot 5,000.00 5,000.00
11 Acoustic Board 1450 Pcs. 250.00 362,500.00
Sub-Total 1,391,300.00
Labor 40% 556,520.00
Total 1,947,820.00
IX. Tile Works, Floor Topping

1 60cm x 60cm Floor Tiles 3,540 Pcs. 320.00 1,132,800.00
2 30cm x 30cm Floor Tiles 2450 Pcs. 70.00 171,500.00
3 20cmx30cm Wall Tiles 3700 Pcs. 55.00 203,500.00

4 20cm x 20cm Floor Tiles 120 Pcs. 30.00 3,600.00
5 20cm x 30cm Wall Tiles 385 Pcs. 35.00 13,475.00
6 Granite Slab 60cmx210 25 Pcs. 4,500.00 112,500.00
7 Tile Adhesive 780 Bags 210.00 163,800.00
8 Ordinary Cement 570 Bags 221.00 125,970.00
9 Sand 74 cu.m. 800.00 59,200.00
10 Tile Grout 250 Kgs. 65.00 16,250.00
11 White Cement 30 Kgs. 250.00 7,500.00
12 Tile Polisher 1 Lot 3,000.00 3,000.00
13 Diamond Cutter 12 Pcs. 450.00 5,400.00
14 40cm x40cm Floor Tiles 4500 Pcs. 60.00 270,000.00
15 Stone Cladding 200 Sqmtr. 1,800.00 360,000.00
Sub-Total 2,648,495.00
Labor 40% 1,059,398.00
Total 3,707,893.00
X. 40 Footer Container Van

1 Deliver per Container 63 Units 4,500.00 283,500.00
2 40’ Footer Unused Container Van 63 Units 180,000.00 11,340,000.00
Sub-Total 11,623,500.00
Labor 25% 2,905,875.00
Total 14,529,375.00
Carpentry Works/Cabinets/Wall
XI. Cladding/Aluminum Cladding
1 ½”x 2” x10 S4S Kd. 1500 Pcs. 65.00 97,500.00
2 ¾” Marine Plywood 500 Pcs. 1,200.00 600,000.00

3 Stickwell 35 Qtrs. 350.00 12,250.00
4 2 ½” Finishing Nail 30 Kgs. 95.00 2,850.00
5 1” Finishing Nail 15 Kg. 100.00 1,500.00
6 Structural Epoxy 6 Gals 1,200.00 7,200.00
7 16” Drawer Guide 500 Pcs. 600.00 300,000.00
8 Drawer Basket 24 Pcs. 2,500.00 60,000.00
9 Door Handle 1200 Pcs. 180.00 216,000.00
10 Concealed Hinges 2450 Pcs. 45.00 110,250.00
11 Cabinet Lock 372 Pcs. 250.00 93,000.00
12 ¾” x4’x8’ Gypsum Board 744 Pcs. 540.00 401,760.00
13 Gypsum Screw 25000 Pcs. 0.50 12,500.00
14 Acoustic Styrofoam Injectable 350000 lot 1.00 350,000.00
15 Aluminum Cladding 780 Sqmtr. 1,200.00 936,000.00
Sub-Total 3,200,810.00
Labor 40% 1,280,324.00
Total 4,481,134.00
XII. Plumbing Works

6” PVC Pipe 78 Pcs. 980.00 76,440.00
1 4” PVC Pipe 190 Pcs. 550 104,500.00
2 3” PVC Pipe 205 Pcs. 480.00 98,400.00
3 2”PVC Pipe 120 Pcs. 145.00 17,400.00
4 4’’ PVC Elbow 500 Pcs. 145.00 72,500.00
5 4” Clean Out 55 Pcs. 98.00 5,390.00
6 4”x3” Wye 130 Pcs. 120.00 15,600.00
7 3” Elbow 200 Pcs. 75.00 15,000.00
8 2” Elbow 350 Pcs. 65.00 22,750.00

9 2” P Trap 145 Pcs. 125.00 18,125.00
10 Solvent 120 40cc 160.00 19,200.00
11 ¾” Clean Water Line Pipe 75 Pcs. 100.00 7,500.00
12 ½’’ Clean Water Line Pipe 220 Pcs. 80.00 17,600.00
13 ¾” Ball Valve Kitz 35 Pcs. 650.00 22,750.00
14 ½” Ball Valve 55 Pcs. 300.00 16,500.00
15 ½” Elbow 200 Pcs. 15.00 3,000.00
16 ½’ Tee 200 Pcs. 15.00 3,000.00
17 Faucet 12 Pcs. 300.00 3,600.00
18 Hose Bibb 5 Pc. 250.00 1,250.00
19 Lavatory Faucet 12 Pcs. 1,600.00 19,200.00
20 3/8” Angle Valve 74 Pcs. 180.00 13,320.00
21 Floor Drain 158 Pcs. 145.00 22,910.00
22 Lavatory 12 Sets 1,200.00 14,400.00
24 Toilet Bowl 33 Sets 6,500.00 214,500.00
25 Accessories 1 Lot 50,000.00 50,000.00
26 2” GI Pipe 25 Pcs. 1,250.00 31,250.00
27 2” Coupling 25 Pcs. 120.00 3,000.00
28 2” Ball Valve 5 Pcs. 1,400.00 7,000.00
29 Shower Head 30 Pcs. 800.00 24,000.00
30 Water Tank 500 gals 3 Pcs. 15,000.00 45,000.00
31 Water Heater 3 Units 35,000.00 105,000.00
Labor 40% 335,858.00
Total 1,175,503.00
XIII. Electrical Works

1 2.0mm² THHN C.U.Wire 98 Rolls 2,690.00 263,620.00
2 3.5 mm² THHN C.U.Wire 58 Rolls 3,395.00 196,910.00
3 5.5 mm² THHN C.U.Wire 12 Roll 5,600.00 67,200.00
4 #3. 000 THHN C. U. Wire 120 Meters 560.00 67,200.00
5 #0 THHB C. U. Wire 60 Meters 350.00 21,000.00
6 3” Electrical Conduit Pipes 25 Pcs. 350.00 8,750.00
7 2” Electrical Conduit Pipes 15 Pcs. 180.00 2,700.00
8 25 mm∅ RSC Pipe 25 Pcs. 165.00 4,125.00
9 32 mm∅ RSC Pipe 36 Pc. 156.00 5,616.00
10 55mm∅ RSC Pipe 32 Pcs. 156.00 4,992.00
11 Panel Box 12 Holes 4 Sets 2,500.00 10,000.00
12 100 Amps Circuit Breaker 4 Pcs. 750.00 3,000.00
13 Gutter Box 1 Pcs. 1,000.00 1,000.00
14 300 Amps Circuit Breaker 1 Pcs. 25,000.00 25,000.00
17 15 Amps Circuit Breaker 38 Pc. 550.00 20,900.00
18 ½” Electrical Pipes 950 Pcs. 85.00 80,750.00
19 1-Way 1-Gang Switch 12 Pcs. 270.00 3,240.00
22 3-Way Switch 1 Gang 12 Pcs. 340.00 4,080.00
23 Utility Box 750 Pcs. 35.00 26,250.00
24 Junction Box 346 Pcs. 25.00 8,650.00
25 Electrical Tape 150 Pcs. 60.00 9,000.00
26 Receptacle 145 Pcs. 200.00 29,000.00
27 Lighting Accessories 1 Lot 10,000.00 10,000.00

28 Pin Light 148 Pcs. 500.00 74,000.00
29 Accessories 1 Lot 8,000.00 8,000.00
30 2 Gang Universal C.O. 520 Pcs. 255.00 132,600.00
31 Aircon Convenience Outlet 105 Pcs. 350.00 36,750.00
32 50 KVA Transformer 1 Pc. 250,000.00 250,000.00
33 Race Way 1 Lot 320,000.00 320,000.00
Sub-Total 1,817,123.00
Labor 40% 726,849.20
Total 2,543,972.20
XIV. Doors / Windows and Hardware’s

1 Door Jamb 153 Pcs. 2,500.00 382,500.00
2 Panel Door ½” Thick Tempered Glass 3 Pcs. 15,000.00 45,000.00
3 Panel Door 18 Pc. 15,000.00 270,000.00
4 PVC Type Door 14 Pcs. 1,000.00 14,000.00
5 Ordinary Door 96 Pcs. 4,500.00 432,000.00
6 Emergency Exit Steel Door 5 Pcs. 12,000.00 60,000.00
7 Entrance Lock 4 Set 4,500.00 18,000.00
8 Glass Door 13 Pcs. 8,500.00 110,500.00
9 3 ½” Hinges 306 Sets 120.00 36,720.00
10 Handle 225 Pcs. 750.00 168,750.00
11 Dead Bolt 35 Pcs. 800.00 28,000.00
12 Awning Window 90 Sets 5,500.00 495,000.00
13 Main Window 1 Lot 300,000.00 300,000.00
14 C.R. Awning 30 Sets 2,500.00 75,000.00
15 Fix Window 1 Lot 75,000.00 75,000.00
Sub-Total 2,510,470.00
Labor 15% 376,570.50
Total 2,887,040.50
XV. Painting Works

1 Concrete Neutralizer 35 Gals. 780.00 27,300.00

Tin
2 Acrylic Flat Latex 155 Cans 1,980.00 306,900.00
Tin
3 Acrylic Semi Gloss Latex 74 Cans 2,100.00 155,400.00
4 Red Oxide Primer 348 Gal. 550.00 191,400.00
5 Epoxy Primer 348 Gals. 1,200.00 417,600.00
7 Paint Thinner 800 Gals. 190.00 152,000.00
8 7” Roller Brush 1 Lot 1,500.00 1,500.00
9 Patching Compound 35 Sack 500.00 17,500.00
10 Sand Paper 1 Lot 15,000.00 15,000.00
[11 Paint Brush 1 lot 3,000.00 3,000.00
12 Lacquer Putty 68 Gal. 450.00 30,600.00
13 Polituff 45 Gals. 880.00 39,600.00
14 Masking Tape 1 Lot 2,500.00 2,500.00
15 Accessories 1 Lot 35,000.00 35,000.00
16 Base #1 Water Proofing 45 Gals. 1,220.00 54,900.00
17 Base # 2 Water Proofing 45 Gals. 1,350.00 60,750.00
18 Base # 3 Water Proofing 45 Gals. 1,500.00 67,500.00
19 Skimcoat 186 bags 980.00 182,280.00
20 Lacquer Thinner 97 Gals. 220.00 21,340.00
21 Lacquer Primer 125 Gals. 880.00 110,000.00
22 Lacquer Paint 35 Gals. 920.00 32,200.00

Sub-Total 1,924,270.00
Labor 40% 769,708.00
Total 2,693,978.00
XVI. Architectural Finishing

1 Handrail 1 Lot 57,000.00 57,000.00
2 Stairs design 1 Lot 95,090.00 95,090.00
3 Metal Door 8 Lot 25,000.00 200,000.00
Total 352,090.00
Labor 15% 52,813.50
Total 404,903.50
XVII. Mechanical Works

1 Elevator shaft/car/machine
Testing and Commissioning 2 Lots 2,500,000.00 5,000,000.00
Total 5,000,000.00
Table No. 6
SUMMARY
Material
No. Description Cost % Labor Cost Total
I. Excavation Works 407,500.00
II. Concrete Works 1,365,250.00 35% 477,837.50 1,843,087.50
III. Rebars & Steel Works 2,990,045.00 35% 1,046,515.75 4,036,560.75
IV. Equipment Rental 1,575,000.00 - 1,575,000.00
V. Masonry Works 797,740.00 40% 319,096.00 1,116,836.00
VI. Formworks and Scaffolding 1,407,815.00 30% 422,344.50 1,830,159.50
VII. Plastering Works 254,700.00 478,000.00 732,700.00

VIII. Ceiling Works 1,391,300.00 40% 556,520.00 1,947,820.00
IX. Tile Works, Floor Topping 2,648,495.00 40% 1,059,398.00 3,707,893.00
X. 20 Footer Container Van 7,843,500.00 5% 3,92,175.00 8,235,675.00
XI. Carpentry Works/Aluminum Cladding 3,200,810.00 40% 1,280,324.00 4,481,134.00
XII. Plumbing Works 839,645.00 40% 335,858.00 1,175,503.00
XIII. Electrical Works 1,817,123.00 40% 726,849.20 2,543,972.20
XIV Doors / Windows/ Hardware’s 2,510,470.00 15% 376,570.50 2,887,040.50
XV. Painting Works 1,924,270.00 40% 769,708.00 2,693,978.00
XVI. Architectural Finishing 352,090.00 15% 52,813.50 404,903.50
XVII. Mechanical Works 5,000,000.00 5,000,000.00
Grand Total Cost 39,698,253.00 9,645,359.95 44,619,762.95
Table No. 7
Discussion:
Total floor area of the project study is 2575m²
Today, the cost of construction is 26,000/m² x 2575 =(Total Floor Area) 66,500,000.00
Another advantages of the container van is the cost of the construction of the building. It
is much cheaper than the conventional construction and also the swift construction add advantage
for using the material.
For the conventional type of construction cost 66,500,000.00
Using Container Van 44,619,762.95
Total saving in construction 22,330,237.05

Figure 29. PERT/CPM
LEED RATING SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION LEED
CREDITS SUSTAINABLE SITES POINTS
SS P1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention 1
SS C1 Site Selection 1
SS C2 Development Density and Community Connectivity 1
SS C3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1
SS C4.1 Alternative Transportation: Public Transportation Access
SS C4.2 Alternative Transportation: Bicycle Storage And Changing Room
SS C4.3 Alternative Transportation : Low Emitting And Fuel Efficient Vehicles
SS C4.4 Alternative Transportation: Parking Capacity
SS C5.1 Site Development: Project Habitat 1
SS C5.2 Site Development: Maximize Open Space 1
SS C6.1 Storm Water Design: Quality Control 1

SS C7.1 Heat Island Effect: Roof 1
SS C7.2 Heat Island Effect: Non Roof 1
WATER EFFICIENCY
WE C1.1 Water Efficient Landscaping: Reduce by 50% 1
WE C1.2 Water Efficient Landscaping: NO Portable Water Use or No Irrigation
WE C2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies 1
WE C3.1 Water Use Reduction: 20% Reduction 1
WE C3.2 Water Use Reduction: 30% Reduction 1
ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE

EA P1 Fundamental Commissioning of the Building and Energy System
EA P2 Minimum Energy Performance
EA P3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management
EA C1 Optimized Energy Performance 1 to 5
EA C2 On-Site Renewable Energy 1 to 3
EA C3 Enhanced Commissioning 1
EA C4 Enhance Refrigerant Management 1
EA C5 Measurement and Verification 1
EA C6 Green Power 1
MATERIAL RESOURCES
MR P1 Storage and Collection of Recyclables 1
MR C1.1 Building Reuse : Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors and Roof 1
MR C1.2 Building Reuse: Maintain 95 of Exiting Walls, Floors, and Roofs 1
MR C2.1 Construction Waste Management: Divert 50% from Disposal 1
MR C2.2 Construction Waste Management : Divert 75% from Disposal 1
MR C3.1 Material Reuse 5% 1
MR C3.2 Material Reuse10% 1
Recycled Content: 10%
MR C4.1 (Post-Consumer+ ½ Pre-Consumer 1
Regional Materials : 10% Extracted, Processed And Manufactured
MR C5.1 Regionally 1
Regional Materials: 20^% Extracted, Processed and Manufactured
MR C5.2 Regionally 1
MR C6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1
MR C7 Certified Wood 1
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

EQ P1 Minimum IAQ Performance 1
EQ P2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (EST) Control 1
EQ C1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1

EQ C2 Increased Ventilation 1
EQ C3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan: During Construction 1
EQ C3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan Before Occupancy 1
EQ C4.1 Low-Emitting Materials: Adhesives and Sealants
EQ C4.2 Low-Emitting Materials: Paints and Coatings 1
EQ C4.3 Low-Emitting Materials : Carpet System 1
EQ C4.4 Low-Emitting Materials : Composite Wood And Artificer Products 1
EQ C5 Indoor Chemical and Pollutant Source Control 1
EQ C6.1 Controllability of Systems: Lighting 1
EQ C6.2 Controllability of Systems: Thermal Comport 1
EQ C7.1 Thermal Comport: Design 1
EQ C7.2 Thermal Comport : Verification 1
EQ C8.1 Skylight and Views: Daylight 75% of Spaces 1
EQ C8.2 Daylight and Views: Daylight 90% of Spaces 1
INNOVATIVE DESIGN
ID C1.1 Innovation Design 1
ID C2 LEED Accredited Professional 1
Total Points 58
TOTAL POINTS POSSIBLE AND REQUIRED PROJECT POINTS
TABLE 2-B Points

Certification Level Required
Certified 26-32
Silver 33-38
Gold 39-51
Platinum 52-69
Table No. 8
Summary of findings:
The salient findings of “ Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using

Unused Container Van are as follows:
1. Designing of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container

Van can add to the social and economic condition of the area and many of people will
love to live in the structure for having a good comport and safety of the building, and
also adding aesthetic look of the structure.
2. The study with the use of container van as a major material for the construction gives a
result that can finish earlier in time due to its durability and compactness of material. It
has own strength and sturdiness that can be immediately completed and use that will
pass to the minimum requirement of the government specification in accordance to the
NSCP 2010 edition.
3. The researcher found out that the using of container van lowered the cost of construction
and with addition of swift construction adds the monetary value of construction of the
structure. By using the material, the regular program of works lessen the time much
more than 50% of the time table or the target date to finish the construction.
4. Container van can be designed innovatively that can be aesthetically impressive to look
and to live in that can be investigated to the plans and drawings attached above.
5. According to the assessment and evaluation of the LEED rating system, the designing
of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van pass
dramatically and gain the score of platinum by using the material to the building
construction and append to maintain or improve our environment.
UNIT V
Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion
Due to the rapid increase of population especially in Metro Manila, the fast and safe
construction of medium rise building is a better alternative to give a good shelter to the growing
public population in the city. By using the materials which conducted by the researcher will bring
a new innovation regarding swift construction and better solution to the increasing number of
population and also for the future of construction industry not only in the Philippines but also to
the world which need to reuse the materials to recycle the things that was made.
By the proper investigation of the major materials to be used (Container Van) reviewing
the specification of the material gives a major help to find the stability of the future structure, and
also, this study show how much is the cost of the project for a modern design structure using the
material and how fast it should become by providing the program of works to finish the Design of
Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van.
Concurring to the quantifiable data, studies, and design of the unused container van are
very durable and can be make the project in a very short span of time that will add to lower the
cost of construction considering the cheaper cost of the chosen materials, and immediately be used
for the immediate return of investment to the client.
This kind of project will help us not only to maintain our environment but rather to improve
it by protecting all the remaining minerals that was left to us. The concept of the researcher is to
create a better alternative to use what will be the materials which we will use to make our country
improve in the construction industry by choosing the materials which already been used.
The researcher apply all the knowledge and skill in the industry and most especially to the
impartation of what has been received in the program of the university, also by the help of all
mentors in the university and also with some professionals. All theories and principle regarding
building construction specifically structural analysis, site investigation, cost estimates and
preparing technical specification, that also to include the LEED Rating system to improve the
environmental aspect of the structure
Recommendation
Based on the findings conducted by the researcher, the following conclusion, concepts,
theories and all actual experience were putted upon papers and drawn by the researcher.
1. The researcher resolved the theory regarding the construction and designing of a medium
rise construction of unused container van will also meet the principle of modern
construction method such us site investigation, structural analysis and design as well as
estimates and technical specifications was applied in the study of “ Design of
Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van.
2. By the given technical specification on the researched materials, it is recommended to use

the container van as a major materials for the construction of the medium rise building
especially on 4 to 7 storey building. It is sturdy and durable for using the extra ordinary
painting materials to protect the strength capacity of the container van.
3. Moreover, the cost estimate figure out how much will be the cost of the project study and
by the preparation of the program of works will direct how fast will be the actual
construction of the “Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using
Unused Container Van.
4. All stated method in the study of the design of using unused container van is applied by
creating technical drawings which attached herewith, it can be used for the final
implementation of the project. The plans gives view to the public and also to the students
and professors. The study includes architectural, structural, sanitary, plumbing and others
technical drawings which can be produce an engineer.
5. The LEED rating system also inspired to make the design more complex and challenge to
the researcher which give a better result on “ Design of Residential/Commercial Building
Using Unused Container Van”.
Now the researcher is recommending that the use of container van construction here in the
Philippines will be a big help in the construction industry and to the students that needs help
in creating a better and challenging study.
Appendices:
APPENDIX A
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
University Site, Lucena City
Civil Engineering Department
Transmittal Letter
Dean Dr. Guillermo M. Rago Jr.

Dean of College of Civil Engineering
Dear Dean Dr. Rago,
I am submitting herewith my proposal title defense in partial fulfillment for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, entitled “Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial
Building Using Unused Container Van” to be presented and defended the proposed title of the said
project study.
I hoping that I will meet all the requirements regarding the matter, and may the good Lord
Jesus Christ will help me give me courage and strength in the time of my defense.
Very truly yours,
The Researcher
APPENDIX B
-
APPENDIX C
APPENDIX D
Vicinity Map of Proposed location of Four Storey Commercial/Residential Building Using

Unused Container Van
SITE
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of offshore wind turbines. Int J Phys Model Geotech.(on line).
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Research Studies
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Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering
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Http://www.bobvila.com/slideshow/10-cool-shipping-container-homes-
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disaster recovery: Social Case Studies, Salford Quays, United Kingdom.(on
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%20CD%20Cement%20Research%20Library%202008/reports/DX012.pdf
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Manila volcanic soils and their suitability for landfill soil liner. National Institute of
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file:///C:/Users/Cecilia/Downloads/ASEE_paper_FINAL_submission.pdf
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http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/PERT-chart
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http://www.aisf.or.jp/sgra-in-english/seminar14/ArchJosieDeAsis.pdf
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www.steinecker.container.de
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Center.(On line). http://philrights.org/from-squatters-into-informal-settlers
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case-study-brisbane-australia/
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file:///C:/Users/acer/Downloads/paperpdf-1196_die.pdf
JEFFREY M. CALIWANAGAN
#5 Roxas St., Ciudad Maharlika Subd.,
Ilayang Iyam Lucena City
Phone No. (042-7171-47-44
Cel. No. 0922-277-1274
Email Ad. caliwanaganjeffrey@yahoo.com
SKILLS & QUALIFICATIONS:
A self- motivated individual, hardworking and flexible with minimum supervision in office
works, field works, able to communicate in English both oral and written, and proficient to operate
the following software:
 SketchUp Pro Software
 AutoCAD 2000 to 2015 with concentration in engineering and architecture
 ArchiCAd 16 to 18
 Microsoft Office 2013- MS Excel, MS Word, MS Power Point
 With years experienced in engineering and architectural works
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Full Name: Jeffrey Manaog Caliwanagan
Date of Birth: November 10, 1971
Place of Birth: Mauban, Quezon
Religion: Apostolic Christian

Civil Status: Marriage
Name of Wife: Maria Cecilia E. Caliwanagan
Name of Children: Girlie Joy Lee Encarnado Caliwanagan
Justine Allia Lee Encarnado Caliwanagan
EMPLOYMENT RECORDS:
EMPLOYER: Aurelio Architects and Engineers
POSITION: Project Supervisor
JOB DESCRIPTION & RESPONSIBILITIES:
As Project Supervisor
 Provide scheduling of works and materials
 Review detailed engineering estimates figuring material & equipment requirements and
labor cost of proposed projects.
 Review and facilitate the Construction Schedule, PERT-CPM.
As Field works
 Conduct actual survey and inspection for specific location space and position of proposed
projects.
 Prepare reports for Statement of Accomplishment Report (SWA), Inspection Report and
Project Completion Report.
 Conduct monitoring and supervision of the on-going projects.
Other Business:
 Caliwanagan Builder’s and Supplies (owner)

 Yztudioten Prodution (owner)
SCHOLASTIC RECORDS:
BACHELOR’S COURSES:
Course: B.S. Architecture
Name of School: Adamson University
Address: Ermita Manila
Year: 1989 to 1995
SHORT COURSES:
Course: Basic Principles of AutoCad
Name of School: ARKICADD for Computer Education
Date Finished: July 2011
PROJECT HANDLED IN MILLION:
On going Projects: (2016)
Construction of Two Residential/Warehouse
Location: Santarosa Estates I Santa Rosa Laguna
Project Cost: 10 Million

On going Project: ( Documentation Process)
Name of Project: Proposed Japanese Retirement Home
Location: Cagbalete Island, Mauban, Quezon
Land Area: More or less amounting to 800 hectare
Implementing Company
Cagbalete Island Development Corporation
Amount of the Project: 4 Billion Pesos
(2015 up to now)
Contruction of 1022 tower I and tower II ( still on going for some revisions to be furnished)
Location: Brgy Isabang, Arias, Tayabas City
Project cost: Tower I 65 Million (Finishing stage)
Tower II 87 Million (On-going)
Finished Project in Million:
Restoration of Ancestral House (Alquiros Residence)
Location: Mauban, Quezon
Owner: Teresita Alquiros
Project Cost: 4.5 Million Pesos
Rehabilitation of Ancestral House (Pastrana Residence)

Owner: Mr. and Mrs. Canapi
Project Cost: 3.5 Million
Construction of Two Storey Residential House
Owner: Ms. Marites Ochiai
Construction of Four Storey Residential house
Location: Mandaluyong City
Owner: Mr. and Mrs. Francisco Villamayor
I hereby certify the above information are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and
belief.
JEFFREY M. CALIWANAGAN

Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van

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Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container Van

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DESIGN OF FOUR STOREY RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL……………..

Design of Four Storey

Presented to the Faculty of the College of Engineering and Technical Department

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program

This project study entitled:

“ Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using Unused Container

Dr. Guillemo M. Rago Jr.

Engr. Ceilito V. Maligalig Engr. Evangeline L. Constantino

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the -degree of Bachelor of

Dr. Guillermo M. Rago Jr.

To MSEUF (Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation) for giving us opportunity to take

To all to my professors Engr. Ceilito V. Maligalig, Engr. Evangeline Constantino, Engr.

Through wisdom is an house builded;

and by understanding it is established: (Proverb 24:3)KJV

Title page …………………………………… 1

Unit II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Unit III METHOD AND PROCEDURES

Unit IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Unit V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

References ………………………………….. 193

Table No. Page

1 Liquid Limit Determination …………………………….. 46

2 Plastic Limit Determination …………………………….. 46

3 Grain Size Analysis-Mechanical …………………………….. 47

4 Seismic Analysis Table, Long Direction…………………………. 52

5 Seismic Analysis, Short Direction ……………………………. 62

6 Bill of Materials ……………………………. 171-181

7 Summary of Bill of Materials ……………………………. 181-182

8 LEED Rating System ……………………………. 183-185

Figure No. Page

1 Conceptual Paradigm ………………………………… 14

2 Equivalent of Shear Beam Soil Container……………………. 29

3 Shear Stack Section ………………………………… 29

4 End Wall Deflection ………………………………… 31

5 Evolution of G and D Section Shear Strain…………………... 32

6 Different (RMS) Excitation Acceleration……………………. 32

7 Pulse Test of Increasing Magnitude………………………….. 33

8 Portal Method Frame Analysis, Long Direction……………… 68

9 Portal Method, Frame Analysis, Short Direction…………….. 69

10 Ground Floor Plan ……………………………….. 152

11 Second Floor Plan ……………………………….. 153

12 Typical 3rd and 4th Plan ……………………………….. 154

13 Front and Rear Elevation ……………………………….. 155

14 Right and Left Elevation ……………………………….. 156

15 Cross Section ……………………………….. 157

16 Ground Floor Lighting Layout)……………………………… 158

17 Second Floor Lighting Layout……………………………….. 159

18 Third Floor and Forth Floor Lighting Layout……………….. 160

19 Ground Floor Power Layout ……………………………….. 161

20 Second Floor Power Layout ……………………………….. 162

21 3rd Floor Power Layout ………………………………… 163

22 4th Floor Power Layout ………………………………… 164

23 Ground Floor Plumbing Layout………………………………. 165

24 Second Floor Plumbing Layout………………………………. 166

25 Typical 3rd and 4th Floor Plumbing Layout…………………… 167

26 Isometric Plumbing Layout) ………………………………… 168

27 Perspective View of Container Van………………………...... 169

28 Another Perspective View of Container Van………………… 169

29 PERT/CPM ……………………………….. 182

Jeffrey M. Caliwanagan “Design of Four Storey Residential/Commercial Building Using

Keyterms: Residential Building, Commercial Building, Unused Container Van, Structural

Background of the Study

Statement of the problem

Objectives of the Study

1. To design a four storey residential/commercial building using unused container van

2. To develop complete detailed plans and detailed drawings of four storey