UNIT – 2 – 16 Marks and 10 Marks

13. In an epicyclic gear train, the internal wheels A and B and compound wheels C and D
rotate independently about the axis O. The wheels E and F rotate on pins fixed in the arm
G. E gears with A and C. Wheel F gears with B and D. All the wheels have the same
module and the number of teeth in gears C, D, E and F are 30, 28, 20, 20 resp. Sketch the
arrangement and Find the number of teeth on A and B.
i) If the arm G makes 125rpm clockwise and A is fixed, find the speed of B.
ii) If the arm G makes 125rpm clockwise and wheel A makes 15rpm anticlockwise, find
the speed of wheel B.
14. Two shafts A and B are co-axial. A gear C with 65 teeth is rigidly mounted on driving shaft
A. A compound gear D-E gears with C and an internal gear G. Gear D has 30 teeth and gears
with C. Gear E has 45 teeth and gears with an internal gear G. Gear G is fixed and is concentric
with the shaft axis. The compound gear D-E is mounted on a pin which projects from an arm
keyed to the shaft B.
1. Sketch the arrangement.
2. Find the number of teeth on internal gear G, assuming that all gears have the same
module.
3. If shaft A rotates at 120rpm, find the speed of shaft B.
15. A pair of involute spur gears with 200 pressure angle and pitch of module 6 mm is in mesh.
The number of teeth in pinion is 16 and its rotational speed is 240 rpm. The gear ratio is 1.75.In
order to avoid interference , determine (i)addenda on pinion and wheel,(ii)length of path of
contact and (iii) maximum velocity of sliding on either side of pitch point.
 16. In a reverted epi-cyclic gear train, the arm F carries two wheels A and D and a compound
wheel B-C. The wheel A meshes with wheel B and the wheel D meshes with wheel C. The
number of teeth on the wheels A, D and C are 80, 48 and 72 respectively. Find the speed and
direction of wheel D, when wheel A is fixed and the arm F makes 200 rpm clockwise.
18. An epicyclic gear train for an electric motor is shown in fig the wheel S has
15 teeth and is fixed to motor shaft rotating 1450 rpm. The planet P has 45
teeth, gears with fixed annular A and rotates on a spindle carried by an arm
which is fixed to output shaft. The planet P also gears with the sun wheel S.
Find the speed of output shaft. If motor is transmitting 1.5kW, find the torque
required to fix the annular.
19. An effort of 1200N is required just to move a certain body up an inclined plane of angle 12°,
the force acting parallel to the plane. If the angle of inclination of the plane is increased to 15°,
then the effort required is 1400N. Find the weight of the body and the co-efficient of friction.
20. The following data refer to two mating involute gears of 20 deg pressure angle: no.of teeth=20,
gear ratio=2, speed of pinion=250 rpm, module=12mm, if the addendum of each wheel is such that
the path of approach and path of recess on each side are half the max possible length each, find 1)
addendum for both the wheels 2) the length of arc of contact 3) the max. sliding velocity during
approach and recess.
 UNIT – 2 Two Marks
1) What is a gear train?

Two or more gears are made to mesh with each other to transmit power from one shaft to another. Such a
combination is called gear train or train of toothed wheels.
2) What are the roles of idlers in gear trains?

The idle gears are used for the following two purposes : 1. To connect gears where a large centre distance is
required, and 2. To obtain the desired direction of motion of the driven gear (i.e. clockwise or anticlockwise).

3) Distinguish between sliding and rolling friction.

4) Define the term limiting friction.

Maximum value of frictional force, which comes into play, when a body just begins to slide over the surface of
the other body, is known as limiting force of friction or simply limiting friction
5) What do you mean by angle of repose?

If the angle of inclinationof the plane to the horizontal is such that the body begins to move down the plane,
then the angle iscalled the angle of repose.
6) What do understand by self-locking screws?

In the above expression, if Φ < α , then torque required to lower the load will be negative. In other words, the load
will start moving downward without the application of any torque. Such a condition is known as over haulding of
screws. If however, the torque required to lower the load will positive, indicating that an effort is applied to lower
the load. Such a screw is known as self locking screw. In other words, a screw will be self locking if the friction
angle is greater than helix angle or coefficient of friction is greater than tangent of helix angle.

7) What are the types of gear trains?

8) State the laws of dry friction.

9) What do you mean by friction angle?

10) Define the term co-efficient of friction.

11) Write the expression to determine the efficiency of a screw jack.

UNIT – 3 Two Marks

1) What are the different types of friction clutches?

2) What is the velocity ratio due to slip in the belt drive?

3) Write the relation between speeds and diameters of the driver and driven.

4) Define self-locking and overhauling with respect to screw jack.

In the above expression, if Φ < α , then torque required to lower the load will be negative. In other words, the load
will start moving downward without the application of any torque. Such a condition is known as over haulding of
screws. If however, the torque required to lower the load will positive, indicating that an effort is applied to lower
the load. Such a screw is known as self locking screw. In other words, a screw will be self locking if the friction
angle is greater than helix angle or coefficient of friction is greater than tangent of helix angle.

5) What is the relation between the ratio of tensions, angle of lap and coefficient of friction for a belt
drive?

µ - Coefficient of Friction in the belt

6) Compare slip and creep in belt drive.

the motion of belts and shafts assuming a firm frictional grip between the belts and the shafts. But sometimes, the
frictional grip becomes insufficient. This may cause some forward motion of the driver without carrying the belt
with it. This may also cause some forward motion of the belt without carrying the driven pulley with it. This is
called slip of the belt and is generally expressed as a percentage.
7) What is creep in belts?

When the belt passes from the slack side to the tight side, a certain portion of the belt extends and it contracts again
when the belt passes from the tight side to slack side. Due to these changes of length, there is a relative motion
between the belt and the pulley surfaces. This relative motion is termed as creep.

8) Define the term “Limiting friction”.

Maximum value of frictional force, which comes into play, when a body just begins to slide over the
surface of the other body, is known as limiting force of friction or simply limiting friction

9) Define limiting angle of friction and angle of repose

Limiting angle of friction

Consider that a body A of weight (W) is resting on a horizontal plane B, If a horizontal force P is applied to the
body, no relative motion will take place until the applied force P is equal to the force of friction F, acting opposite to
the direction of motion. The magnitude of this force of friction is F = .W = .RN, where RN is the normal reaction.
In the limiting case, when the motion just begins, the body will be in equilibrium under the action of the following
three forces :
1. Weight of the body (W),
2. Applied horizontal force (P), and
3. Reaction (R) between the body A and the plane B.
The reaction R must, therefore, be equal and opposite to the resultant of W and P and will be
inclined at an angle Φto the normal reaction RN. This angle Φ is known as the limiting angle of friction.
It may be defined as the angle which the resultant reaction R makes with the normal reaction RN.

Angle of Repose
Consider that a body A of weight (W) is resting on an inclined plane B, If the angle of inclination αof the plane to
the horizontal is such that the body begins to move down the plane, then the angle αis called the angle of repose.
 UNIT – 3 16 Marks & 10 Marks
11. A plate clutch has three discs on the driving shaft and two discs on the driven shaft, providing
four pairs of contact surfaces . The outside diameter of the contact surfaces is 240 mm and inside
diameter 120 mm. Assuming uniform pressure and coefficient of friction as 0.3, find the total spring
load pressing the plates together to transmit 25 kW at 1575 rpm. If there are 6 springs each of
stiffness 13 kN/m and each of the contact surfaces has worn away by 1.25 mm, find the maximum
power that can be transmitted assuming uniform wear.
12. A pulley is driven by flat belt, the angle of lap being 160°. The belt is 14 cm wide by 10 cm thick
and weighs 1.5 gm/cm3. If the coefficient of friction is 0.3 and the maximum stresses in the belt is
not exceed 2.5MPa, Find the greatest HP, which the belt can transmit and the corresponding speed
of the belt.

14. An open belt drive connects two pulleys 120 cm and 50 cm diameters on parallel shafts 4 m apart.
The maximum tension in the belt is 1855 N. The coefficient of friction is 0.3. The driver pulley of
diameter 120 cm runs at 200 rpm. Calculate: (i) the power transmitted (ii) the torque on each of the two
shafts.
15. A simple plate clutch with both sides effective has outer and inner dia 300mm and 200mm
respectively. The max intensity of pressure at any point in the contact surface is not to exceed 10^5
N/m².Determine the power transmitted by a clutch at a speed 2500 rpm.

16. A shaft rotating at 200 rpm drives another shaft at 300 rpm and transmits 6kw through a belt.
The belt is 100mm wide and 10mm thick. The distance between the shafts is 4m. The smaller pulley
is 0.5m in diameter. Calculate the stress in the belt, if it is i. an open belt drive ii. Cross belt drive.
17. A multiplate clutch has three pairs of contact surfaces. The outer and inner radii of the contact
surfaces are 100mm and 50mm respectively. The axial spring force is limited to 1kN. Assuming uniform
wear, find the power transmitted at 1500 rpm. Take μ= 0.35
19. An open belt running over two pulleys 240 mm and 600 mm diameter connects two parallel shafts 3
meters apart and transmits 4 kW from the smaller pulley that rotates at 300 r.p.m. Coefficientof friction
between the belt and the pulley is 0.3 and the safe working tension is 10N per mm width. Determine: 1.
minimum width of the belt, 2. initial belt tension, and 3. length of the belt required.