Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
LECTURE 1- CULTURE
JUNE, 2018
Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports has approved
the revised guidelines for MAKA Trophy
Context:
• With a view to rationalize and simplify the selection of top performing
university in sports for award of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (MAKA)
Trophy, the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports has approved the revised
guidelines for MAKA Trophy.
• Its three distinct styles hail from the regions of Seraikella (Jharrkhand) ,
Purulia (West Bengal) and Mayurbhanj (Odisha), the first two using
masks.
• Chhau dance is intimately connected to regional festivals, notably the
spring festival Chaitra Parva.
Chhau Dance: West Bengal's Performing Art Treasure
• The Chimú people are best known for their distinctive monochromatic
pottery and fine metal working of copper, gold, silver, bronze, and
tumbaga (copper and gold)
• The pottery is often in the shape of a creature or has a human figure
sitting or standing on a cuboid bottle
Bodhisena an Indian Buddhist scholar and monk
• The third phase of SIP was launched at Mana village which is situated
close to the Badrinath temple in Uttarakhand.
• Warli is a tribal art form that was mostly created by the Adivasis of the
Western Ghats.
• It is one of the oldest art forms in India that originated in Maharashtra
and is still practiced.
• The Warli tribe, which does these paintings, is one of India’s largest tribes
located on the outskirts of Mumbai.
• Their culture basis itself around the concept of Mother Nature; therefore,
elements of nature serve as focal points for Warli paintings.
• These artists used to use the clay walls of their huts as a canvas for their
paintings.
• These paintings use a set of geometric shapes – circle, triangle and square.
Warli Art
• This comes from the tribe’s observation of nature as circle represents
the sun and the moon, while the triangle represents the mountains and
pointed trees.
• The square on the other hand is a human invention, indicating a sacred
piece of land or enclosure.
• The Warli artists use only a white paste made out of rice paste and water
and they use glue as a binder.
• Artists use a bamboo stick which is chewed at the end to give it a
paintbrush like texture.
• The statue of King Tran Nhan Tong lying on his left side shows him
entering Nirvana is an important feature of the temple.
• The statues of the three founders of the Truc Lam Buddhist Sect, Tran
Nhan Tong, Phap Loa and Huyen Quang are also found here.
• The Nirguna Bhaktas were devotees of a formless God even while calling
him variously as Rama, Govinda, Hari or Raghunatha.
• The most conspicuous among them were Kabir and Nanak.
• Context:-
• A team of archaeologists have
confirmed that the Vakataka dynasty
ruled from its capital Nandivardhan,
or the present day Nagardhan
• Founder – Vindhyashakti
• Religious Belief – Buddhism
Vakataka Dynasty
• Vakataka family Was divided into four branches of which two are
known
• Pravarpura – Nandiardhana Branch:
• Important Rulers: Rudrasena II, Pravarsena II (one of the most
recorded ruler of Ancient India), Narendrasena, Prithvisena II
• Vatsagulma Branch:
• Important Rulers: Sarvasena, Vindhysena, Harisena, Varahdeva
Badshahi Ashoorkhana Monument
• Context:-
• Telangana government and Aga
Khan Trust are working to restore
the Badshahi Ashoorkhana
monument.
Badshahi Ashoorkhana
• Badshahi Ashoorkhana is a Shia Muslim mourning place, near
Charminar in Hyderabad, India.
• It was constructed in memory of martyrdom of Imam Hussain in the
battle of karbala, and is used during the festival of Moharram.
• It was built by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah in 1611, three years after
building the Charminar.
• Ashoorkhana is famous for its resplendent tile work that have retained
their lustre and vibrant colours even after four centuries.
• Ashoora – 10th day of Muharram, to commemorate the battle of Karbala
in 680 A.D.
• Emperor Aurangzeb’s forces turned it into a bandikhana to keep wheeled
vehicles
Badshahi Ashoorkhana
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
• He was the fifth sultan of the Qutb Shahi dynasty
of Golkonda, who ascended to the throne in 1580.
• He founded the city of Hyderabad and built its
architectural centerpiece, the Charminar.
• He also built Charkaman archways.
• He is a contemporary of Tulsidas, Mirabai and
Surdas.
• His poetry is bound to earth and revels in the universality of love and
mystic experiences.
• During his reign, Jean Baptiste Tavernier visited and wrote about
walking into the Qutb Shahi tombs complex where carpets were laid out
and whoever walked in was served pulao
Victorian and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai
included in UNESCO's World Heritage list
• Context:-
• It has been included in the list
under Criteria (ii) and (iv) of the
UNESCO's Operational Guidelines.
• India accepted the renaming of the
ensemble as Victorian Gothic and
Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai as
recommended by the World
Heritage Committee.
• This is the third site from Mumbai
after the Elephanta Caves and
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
railway station.
Victorian and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai
included in UNESCO's World Heritage list
• Across India, there are now 37 world heritage sites.
• With five sites, Maharashtra has the maximum number of sites in
India.
• India stands second largest in number after China in ASPAC (Asia and
Pacific) region. It is overall sixth in the world.
Victorian and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai
• This collection of Victorian and Art Deco landmarks is the largest such
conglomeration and first of the combination of these two genres of
architecture in the world to be included in world heritage list.
• The Ensemble consists of 94 buildings primarily of 19th century
Victorian Gothic revival and early 20th century Art Deco style of
architecture with the Oval Maidan in the centre.
• Art Deco, also called style modern was movement in the decorative arts
and architecture.
• The Art Deco edifices, with their cinemas and residential buildings, blend
Indian design with Art Deco imagery, creating a unique style that has
been described as Indo-Deco.
World Heritage Committee
• It is the executive body responsible for
the implementation of the World
Heritage Convention.