Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Kyu-Yong Lee
(Korea Labor Institute)
1
Low fertility and aging trends in Korea
www.kli.re.kr
- Lasting ‘very’ low fertility: Total Fertility Rate is less than 1.3
- TFR in 2018: less than 1.0 in 2018 (expected)
Korea
OECD Ave.
Japan
- TotalPop.:51M(2015)→53M(2031)→43M(2065,similartopop.inthe1990s)
- Pop.Growth Rate:turnto‘minusgrowth’ in2032,-1.03%in2065(expected)
- Shareof15-64:73.4%(2015)→47.9%(2065,expected)
- Shareof65+:12.8%(2015)→42.5%(2065,expected)
Total Population
6
Distribution of migrants by duration of stay in 2017 (unit: person, %)
Source: Statistics Korea, Survey on Migrants’ Stay and Employment, raw data, 2017 7
Foreign workers with employment visa
□ Slight overall increase in foreign workers with employment visa in past 10
(Unit: 1,000)
years
700
600 617 625
595 598 577 583
550 553 558 549
530
500 477
400
300 568 577
511 511 514 547 549 529 536
479 499
200 443
100 35 38 41 44 48 50 50 50 49 48 49 47
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018.3
단순인력 전문인력 합계
profes
unskill total
sional
ed
Source: Foreigner Policy Office, Immigration Bureau, Ministry of Justice, Monthly Statistics on Immigration.
8
Foreign workers with employment visa
□ Specific Activity visa (E-7-1) is the most commonly used professional visa
- Foreigners with Specific Activity Visa: Worker Type, Origin Country (Mar.
‘18) (Unit: 1, %)
Country
Total China Vietnam US India Thai Others
Type
Working visit (H-2) 100.0 0.7 0.4 15.6 0.2 42.2 40.8
❍ Assessment
1. Labor demand for migrants is concentrated in simple, routine jobs and low-
skilled workers.
2. Few professional workers settle down in Korea, despite the push to attract
outstanding foreign talent.
3. Settlement by low-skilled migrants could increase the cost of their social
integration.
12
1. Policy issues
□ Prevent negative impact from increase in low-skilled foreign workers
◦ Foreign labor demand-supply structure: centered on micro enterprises for simple,
low-tech jobs
◦ Caused by and exacerbates Korea’s dual labor market structure
13
□ Build a scheme to address diversifying demand for foreign labor in services
◦ Foreign labor demand in service is mostly met by ethnic Koreans, who are also aging
fast
15
□ How to build integrated system of managing foreign workers
❍ e.g. integrated visa management system and administrative organization
16
17