Daftar Dosis :

Diare
Terapi A : <1 thn 100 mL, >1thn 200 mL oralit setiap kali diare
Terapi B : 75ml x BB dalam 3 jam pertama
Terapi C : 3175, NGT : 20 ml/kgBB

Zinc : <6 bulan : ½ tablet. >6 bulan : 1 tablet/hari (1 tablet 20 mg)

Disentri : COTRIM 10 mg/kgBB/hari, bid, 5 hari / cefixime 5mg/kg BB

Giardia : Metro : 5 mg/kg, tid, 5 hari
Amoebiasis : Metro 15 mg/kg, tid, 5 hari
Balantidiasis : Metro 35-50 mg/kg, tid, 5 hari

Vitamin A : 6 bulan : ½ kapsul biru (50.000 IU)

6-11 bulan : 1 kapsul biru (100.000 IU)
1 tahun : 1 kapsul merah (200.000 IU)
Kornea keruh / ulkus kornea : Chloramphenicol 1% / tetrasiklin 1%, qid, 7 hari
Diberikan hari 1,2,14

Caput vs subgaleal vs cephal

Cephal does not cross suture line
Both caput n subgaleal crosses suture line, but subgaleal increases in size. It is often caused
by coagulopathy

ADB : FeSO4 3-6 mg/kgBB, tid,

Check every 1 month

Neonatal Sepsis : broad spectrum antibiotic : Ampicillin 50mg/kgBB + genta 7.5

mg/kgBB
Ceftriaxone IV 80-100 mg/kgBB

Tetanus : TT (immune globulin 500 unit) + mech ventilation if needed + high dose diazepam
(20-40 mg/kg/day) + Pen G 10.000 U/kg/day

Tetanus : (pediatric)
1. Tetanus immunoglobulin 3000-6000 unit
2. Kejang : diazepam
3. Antibiotik 10 hari
a. Penicillin G 10,000 u/kg/day 10 days

prokain penisilin 4x 1,2 jt unit

b. tetrasiklin 500mg, qid,
c. eritromisin 50 mg/kgBB
d. Metro
Tetanus : (adults)
Imunoterapi : Human tetanus IG or ATS
Antibiotic : Metro 500mg / Penicillin G 2-4 juta / Tetrasiklin 30-50 mg

VSD : pansystolic murmur @ left sternal edge (where ventricles r)

ASD : mid-systolic ejection @pulmonal area (where atrias r)
Aortic coarctation : mid-late systolic murmur

TB prophylaxis ped : INH 5-10 mg/kgBB/hari

PED ASTHMA SEVERITY :

Frequency:
Intermittent : <6x / year
Persitent : ringan : > 1 / month
sedang : >1 / week
berat : every day

Severity:
Ringan-sedang : can speak. Can use SABA + oral roids
Berat : theres something wrong : Put them to hospital.
Status asthmaticus : toxic

ASTHMA ADULTS

Asthma : need to determine acute vs chronic. If chronic : severity + control

Acute : mild (d o e), moderate (d when talking), severe (d when resting), SA

Severity (derajat berat) : intermittent or persistent (mild, moderate, severe)
Intermittent : monthly. Mild : weekly. Moderate : daily +FEV1 60-80. Severe : continuous +
FEV1<60

Control (derajat kontrol) : controlled, partially controlled, uncontrolled

controlled : < 2 attack/week, affects daily living, night time awakening, need inhaler
2x/week

Allergic Rhinitis
Need to determine : 1. Symptom severity + 2. Quality of life
Symptoms : Intermittent : < 4 days/week / <4 weeks
Persistent : > 4 days/week / >4 weeks
QOL Mild : does not affect QOL
Moderate-Severe : affects QOL
Pneumonia (peds): Amoxicillin : 40 mg/kgBB, bid, 5 days
(if severe) : ampicillin 50 mg/kgBB,
Gentamicin 7.5 mg/kgBB
Ceftriaxone

Diphteria : ADS 40.000 IU im/iv

Penicillin prokain 50.000 IU / kgBB/ im
Eritromisin 40-50 mg/kgBB, bid, 2 weeks

Croup (barking cough, stridor, non-toxic) : self limiting. Subglottic laryngitis. So, just need
dexamet for inflammation control.
Steeple sign.
Dexa 0.6 mg/kgBB, qd

Pertussis : whooping cough (at inspiratory… so, will hear inspiratory stridor) +
subconjunctival bleeding.
Erythromycin 40-50 mg/kgBB/ qid, 14 days

Careful with differentiating croup vs pertussis. Pertussis is caused by Bordetella. So, can give
erythromycin. Croup is paramyxo, so, self limiting. Pertussis : whooping cough + bleeding at
eye (subconjunctival bleeding)

Epiglottitis : OUCH OUCH. TOXIC. 3D (drooling, dysphagia, dysphonia.

Thumbprint sign (swollen epiglottis).
Need to intubate/ventilate. Give cefuroxime

Laryngomalacia (chronic inspiratory stridor when lying down/crying, < 2 thn)

Erithromycin 40-50 mg/kgBB/hari, qid, 2 weeks

Meales (rubeola) vs Rubella

Both starts on face. Measles are not itcy. Rubella are itchy.

Chicken pox (VZV) : starts everywhere, very pruritic : acyclovir 800mg, 5 td, 7 days
Measles : self limiting. But, give Vit A. with 6-11 rule. < 50.000, 100.000, 200.000
Mumps : self limiting

Scarlet fever : Penicillin / Cephalosporin 10 days

Kejang demam :

BB < 12 kg : 5 mg sup diazepam PR. >12 kg : 10 mg diazepam PR

If neonate (<12 months) : give phenobarb 20 mg/kgBB IV

Trichomoniasis : Metro : 2 g PO, sd

500 mg, bid, 7 days

BV : Metro : 2 g PO, sd
500 mg, bid, 7 days
Clindamycin : 300 mg, bid, 7 days

VVC : Miconazole 200mg, vag sup, 3 days

Clotrimazole 500mg, vag tablet, single dose
Fluconazole 150mg, oral, single dose
Itraconazole 200mg, oral, single dose
Nystatin 100.000, vaginal tablet, 7 days

Nystatin 100.000 IU, intravaginal, 7 days

Clotrimazole : 200 mg intravaginal, 3 days
Cotrim500 mg, 1 day,
Flukonazol 150mg, qd,
Itrakonazole 200 mg, qd,

GO : Cefixime : 400 mg, QD

Kanamycin : 2g, inj
Ceftriaxone : 250mg, IM
NGO : Azithromycin : 1 g qd
Doxycycline : 100 mg, BID, 7 days

Syphillis : Benzil penicillin 2.4 juta IU, IM

Penicillin procain 600.000 IU/day, 10 days
If allergic : doxycycline 100mg, bid, 30 days
Erythromycin 500mg, 4x, 30 days

Chancroid : Ciprofloxacin : 500 mg, BID, 3 days (1st line)

 Eritromisin : 500 mg, QID, 7 days
Azithromycin : 1 g, qd
Ceftriaxone : 250 mg, IM
Chancroid rolls your tongue, use antibiotics that roll (Cipro, macro)

Herpes genitaslis : Acyclovir : 200, 5x, 7 days

400, 3x, 7 days
Valacyclovir : 500, bid, 7 days
If recurrent infection : Acyclovir : 200, 5x, 5 days (2 days shorter)
400, 3x, 5 days (2 days shorter)

Acyclovir … give ~1000/day. 7 days for first timer, 5 days for recurrent infection

Granuloma Inguinale (less) : painless + no lymphadenopathy ( L. Donovanosis)

Azithromycin : 1g/week
Azithromycin : 500mg, qd, 3 weeks
Doksisiklin : 100mg, bid,
Ciprofloxacin : 750 mg, bid
Erithromycin : 500 mg, qid

LGV(ul) : Doxycyline 100 mg, BID, 14 days

Erithromycin 500 mg, QID, 14 days
Tetrasiklin 500mg, QID, 14 days
LGV is chlamydia… it is intracellular. Use antibiotic with good penetration

Inguinale BUBO :painful vs painless …. LGVull vs G Inguinaless

Wart / Kutil / HPV

TOPICAL : AgNO3 25%
TCA 50%
Salicylic acid 20-40%
BEDAH : Cryosurgery
Scalpel
Electrical caustic

Tingtura podofilin : 10-25% (bagian sehat dilindungin dengan vaselin)

TCA : 80-90%
Podofilotoksin

Verucca vulgaris : Salicylic acid 10, 20, 40%

Impetigo :

Mupirocin 2% / Fusidic Acid 2% /

If lots of pus n crust : kompress
If it spread systemically : Amoxiclav 250 mg, TID, 7 days

Tinea : Griseofulvin (for hard to reach areas capitis : pedis, onchomycosis) : 1g, BID,
Azoles : ketoconazole 200mg/hari
Itraconazole 100mg/hari
terbinafine 250mg/hari

Kandidiasis cutis : flukonazol 100mg, qd, 1-2 weeks

Itrakonazol 100 mg, qd, 1-2 weeks

Types :
Black dot (endotrix) : Tricophyton (tonsurans, violaceum)
Gray patch (ectotrix) : Microsproum (canis, grypseum)

Tinea : septa + hifa panjang, arthrospora

Scabies : Permethrin 5% (cant give to babies, safe for pregnant moms),

Sulfur 4-20%, (doesn’t kill scabies eggs)
Gameksan 1% (cant give to “weak” indv s/a pregnant, kids, seizures)

Pediculosis : Permethrin 1%,

Gameksan 1%
Malathion 0.5%

CLM : Albendazole 400 mg, qd, 3 days

Ivermectin 200 mikro/kg qd

Leptospirosis :
Milld : doxycycline 100 mg, bid,
Amoxicillin 500 mg, tid
Ampicillin 500 mg, tid

Moderate / Severe : penicillin 1.5 million q6H

Ceftriaxone 1g/d
Cefotaxime 1g q6h
Severe criteria : bleeding, ARDS, uveitis, kidney failure

Lepto usually presents with jaundice + increased BUN/Cr. It is still moderate. If see sign of
organ damage + bleeding then it is severe.

TB
Biasa (kategori 1) : 2HRZE / 4H3R3
Extended (kategori 2) : 2(HRZE)S / HRZE / 5(HR)3E3

When to check BTA? End of intensive period, month 5, end of regimen.

Cat 1. End of intensive + BTA - : continue reg
BTA + : continue + 1 month
 5 month + BTA - : continue reg
BTA + : start cat 2
End of period BTA - : continue reg
BTA + : start cat 2 + check for drug resistency
Cat 2 End of intensive BTA –
BTA + : continue + 1 month
5 month BTA - : finish now
BTA + : TB-MDR

Pediatric : 2RHZ / 4RH

Profilaksis : INH 5-10 mg/kgBB/hari

Lepra
PB (6 mths) : Day 1 (Rifampicin 600 mg + Dapsone 100 mg) + Dapsone 100 mg daily
MB (12 mths) : Day 1 (Rifampicin 600 mg + Dapsone 100 mg + Clofazimine 300 mg) +
Dapsone 100 mg + Clofazimine 50 mg

Difference between PB and MB? MB has clofazimine added to it. 300 mg on the first day,
and then 50 mg each day. MB is 12 months.

Diff between PB n MB : PB : 5 skin lesion, 1 nerve damage, no AFB

MB : > 5 skin lesion, more than 1 nerve

PB n MB is like our hand. 1 hand (nerve) = 5 fingers (skin lesions).

Non-Default : PB <3 months, MB < 5 months. Able to use same regime

Pyoderma : Impetigo (krustosa : strep/staph) (bullosa : staph)

topical : MABAN : Mupirocin, Asam fusidat, Basitrasin, Neomicin
Oral : ADEK KECE : Clox, amoxiclav, erythromycin
If covered in pus/crust : compress with PK 1/5000 + rivanol 3 times daily.
If not covered : : MABAN.

Erythrasma : erythromycin

Malaria
DHP is preferred to artesunat + amodiakuin
Falsiparum :
1st : ACT 3 hari (DHP : dihidroin + piperakuin) / (artersunat + amodiakuin) + primakuin
(single dose)
2nd : Kina + primakuin + (doksi/tetra)

Vivax / Ovale :
1st : ACT 3 hari + Primakuin 14 hari
2nd : Kina + primakuin + (doksi/tetra)

Malaria
1st : ACT
2nd : Kina + primakuin + (doksi/tetra)

Relaps : ACT (3 hari) + Primakuin 14 hari

Hamil : ACT (3 hari)

Indo kemoprofilaksis : use chloroquine resistant regime

Non pregnant : Doksisiklin 100 mg, 1x
Pregnant : Mefloquine 250 mg tablet. If allergic, use atovaquone / proguanil

CACING
Trematoda
Schistosoma species. Has Spiky spina termina
Fasciolopsis buski (operculum
Praziquantel 10mg/kg

Nematoda
Enterobius : pacman guy with thick border
Trichuris : tempayan shaped
Ascaris lumbricoides : coin like / disc like
Hookworm (Ancylostoma / Necator) : multiple Ds in the egg.

Enterobius : pyrantel pamoate 10mg/kg

Trichuris : Meben 100 mg, bid, 3 days

Ascaris : Albendazole 400mg, qd
Ancylostoma : Albendazole 400 mg, qd

General guidelines :
Albendazole 400 mg, qd, 1 day : Enterobius, Trichuris, Ascaris, Ancylostoma
Mebendazole 100mg, bid, 3 days : Trichuris, Ascaris, Ancylostoma

In general, use alben 400 mg 1 day or meben 600 mg over 3 days for all nematodes.
Enterobius is exception coz it is weak. Pyrantel is good for pregnant mom.

Cestoda (generally bad)

Has proglotid and scolex

Taenia solium n saginata

Hymenolepis nana : eggs look like eyes with polar thickening (like Nana the eye prof or
Crayak)
Albendazole 2x400 mg, 8-30 days … use this in taenia solium neurocysticercosis
For other cestodes, use praziquantel 10mg/kg

Praziquantel : works in Cestode n Trematode

If pregnant : use pyrantel pamoate

CLM : albendazole 400 mg, 1x/hari, 3 days

Ivermectin 200 mg/kg/hari)

DIABETES
IGT (Impaired Glucose Tolerace) / TGT (toleransi glukosa terganggu) : 2 hr PP 140-199
IFG (Impaired Fasting Glucose) / GDPT (gula darah puasa terganggu) : 100-125

ISK – Kehamilan :
Oral : Amoksisilin 500, tid,
IV : Sefuroksim 750, tid
Duration : asymptomatic : 3 days. Symptomatic 7 days. Pyelo : 14 days
Hypoglycemic coma :

D40, 2 flask (25 mL each)

Health Level of prevention

Primary : Health promotion, specific protection
Health promotion : org sehat, promosi kesehatan
Specific protection : org sehat, specific actions such as screening,
immunization, case finding
Secondary : Early diagnosis, prompt treatment
Early diagnosis :
Prompt treatment :
Tertiary : Disability limitation, Rehabilitation
Disability limitation : diseased but not disabled
Rehabilitation : diseased n disabled

Angka kematian bayi : bayi mati/kelahiran bayi hidup

Semen analisis : 15-40-4

Konsentrasi 15, Motilitas 40, Morfologi 4

Flu burung :
Oseltamivir :
Prophylaxis : 75mg, qd, 7 days
Therapy : 75mg, bid, 5 days

Forensik
Luka tembak : AJT (api, jelaga, tato)
<15 : AJT
15-30 : JT
30-60 : T

Merah terang / merah bata : sianida

Merah cherry : CO
Merah gelap : asfiksia
Nitrit : Blue
Coklat : anilin

Ear test :

Konduktif : negative, affected, length (NAL) … CH NAL (Channel)

Hyperemesis : I, II, III (Hyper Emesis Gravidarum …. 3 words)

I : signs of dehydration
II : it is hyper + emesis (1+1) so, will see severe dehydration + looks toxic + start to see
ketone in urine
III : its gravid (serious) so, will see deli / coma

Helicobacter :
Omeprazole 20 mg, bid
Clarithromycin 500 mg, bid
Amoxicillin 1000 mg, bid

Eclampsia
MgSO4 40% 4 gram dalam 10 mL NaCl dalam 20 menit

Iron n folate buat ibu hamil

Sulfas ferrosus, 325mg, qd
Folat, 400 mikro g, qd

Jadwal kunjungan : <28 minggu 1 bulan sekali. 28-36 : 2 minggu sekali. >36 setiap minggu
Surg talk

Insisi : buka luka

Eksisi : pengangkatan jaringan dengan memotong, reseksi
Ekstirpasi : angkat jaringan + kapsul
Eviserasi : angkat organ + isi
Kuretase : angkat jaringan dengna kuret

Leukoplakia vs oral thrush vs erythroplakia

Oral thrust : candidiasis. If scraped, looks red
Leukoplakia : EBV. Immunodeficient/smokers. If scraped, bleeds
Erythroplakia : precancerous. Precursor to SQCa

Tort law
Malfeasance : willful and intentional action that injured a party
Misfeasance : inappropriate action or intentionally incorrect action
Nonfeasance : failure to act where action is required. Duty of care.

Kanker + -
Tes + 100 50
-
400 400

Night terror : cant remember dream coz its so terrifying

Night mare : can remember

Candida codes :
Tinea : hifa panjang bersekat + arhtrospora (spora berderet) … kuning kehijauan
Will see central healing
Kandida : pseudohifa + ragi + blastospora
Will see satellite lesion
PVC : hifa pendek + ragi bergerombol + spaghetti meatball … kuning keemasan

HT emergency :
Decrease MAP by 25% in 1st hour. Normalize in 1-2 days
USE IV drugs. Diltiazem, nitroprusside, nicardipine, hydralazine.

H5N1
Suspect, probably, confirmed

+ -
+ 100 50
-
400 400

Tanda kematian :

2 12 24 36
2 : Muncul rigor mortis
12 tidak bisa dilawan
24 mulai mbusuk
36 Rigor mortis hilang