composition 10 - nuclear weapon contemporany issues

Since the explosion of the two nuclear bombs in Japan in 1945,

none other nuclear weapon was used in any conflict until now. Nevertheless,
the escalation of tension in a few situations such as the missile Cuban issue
in 1960s took place during the Cold War. Nowadays, the main issues with
respect to nuclear weapon policy are concerning Iran and Noth Korea.
Moreover, analysts oftentimes cast doubt on the reason for the
existence and usage of the nucelar arsenal. Some argue that is absolutely
fundamental in order to keep peace, while/whereas others advocate
the thesis of freazen of power

Jonh Mearsheimer theorized that a bipolar system is more stable

than a multipolar one. There is no doubt that many scholars disagree
with him on this estatement; however, since the Berlin Wall was tumbled
and URRS fragmented, Norht Korea soared its declarations menacing
the Ocidental World. Consequently, istead of summing up their resepctive powers
and improving stability, US and Russia sit on the same table in the
Security Council would make way for North Korean empowerment.Likewise,
the loose situation would permit Iran developement of nuclear weapons.

Starting with Brian-Kellog agreement in 1925, statesman attempted several

times to limite the use of weapons of different kinds. In the 1960-decade/ decade
of 1960/ 1960s
the Non Proliferation Treaty(NTP) was proposed. This treaty set that two main
points: Firstly,countries with nuclear weapons could keep them, but must
stop either producing or sharing the technology for weapons. Secondly,
the others without nuclear weapons must not have it. This did not
guarantee that US and URSS keeped pace the scrumble for war technology,
for exmample, Reagan suggested the ''Star Wars Project" during 1980s.
In addition, Iran as a NPT-member did not obey the limitations of the treaty
and North Korea simply quited the treaty in 2003.

Both North Korea and Iran were war theaters of the Cold War. Actually,
the Korean case is more serious, since there is no agreement between
the two Koreas establishing a final peace. Yet, we could testify new
blasts in 2014 and the escalation of tensions keep soaring. Recently, the
new dictator affirm to have both hydrogen bomb and ballistic missil
with nuclear warheads. In a brief, North Korea has been pressing western
civilization through a blackemail strategy: it consists of " we stop producing
nuclear weapons since you
Western gentlman give us money". It was like this in 1994 ans 2012, on
the contrary, each time North Koreans perform a nuclear test, the Security
Council tries to approve sanctions againt Northe Korea.

The Iranian issue is nowadays more stable. Despite being a member of NPT,
Iran performed unauthorized enrichment of uranium. Brazil and Turkey engaged
in 2010 to find a negotiated solution for the case, finally producing the
Declaration of Tehran. In an unexpected move US changed its position
and criticized the declaration, destrying the work of months of diplomatic
effort. Only in 2013 and 2015 solutions were again proposed and
finally using sanctions the main powers could impede Iran to enriche uranium.
Although it has stopped the enrichment, a few sanctions are still hold,
since violation of human rights occur in Iran.

Brazil and a couple of other middle powers refused for a long period
to join the NPT. As there is no mention of extinction of nuclear
weapons and the main powers are allowed to keep them, Brazilian Ambassador
Araujo Castro said that this consisted of a fronzen of international power. Due
to this stance regarding the treaty, Brazil only accepted this agreement in 1998
to demonstrate good will and to try to atract investments. Brazil already
had singed an equivalent regional agreement with Argentina, whose norms had
the same practical effects of NPT.

Out of the filed of international affairs it is hard to find a very

good reason to justify the use of nuclear weapons, since it could bring about
the end of human specie and also of many others. The main justfication for
the use of nucler technology is the energy production.However, Chernobil
and Fukushima are for many experts the ultimate proof necessary to reject
this hipothesis. The Realism doctrine in International Affairs theory sets
that countries are selfish like humans, therefore one might be attentive
with menaces from Norht Korea, let's remember that Stalin to remain in power
killed at least 3 million citizans from URSS.