SE-4A

Name : Tehmoor Amjad

Roll# : BSEM-F17-175

SESSION : 2017-22

ASSIGNMENT#1
  Application # 1: Electrical Circuits:
We can apply the methods for solving linear systems to solve problems involving electrical
circuits. In a given circuit if enough values of currents, resistance, and potential difference is
known, we should be able to find the other unknown values of these quantities. We mainly use the
Ohm's Law, Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and Kirchhoff's current Law. For Example:

Find the currents in the circuit for the following network:

Let’s assign currents to each part of the circuit between the node points. We have two node
points Which will give us 3 different currents. Let’s assume that the currents are in clockwise direction,
so the current on the segment EFAB is I1, on the segment BCDE is I3 and on the segment EB is I2.

Using the Kirchhoff's current Law for the node B yields

the equation:
I1 + I2 = I3

For the node E we will get the same equation. Then we

use Kirchhoff's voltage law.

-4 I1+ (-30) -5 I1 - 10I1 - 60 + 10I2 = 0

When through the battery from (-) to (+), on the segment EF, potential difference is -30, and on
segment FA moving through the resistor of 5W will result in the potential difference of -5
I1 and in a similar way we can find the potential differences on the other segment of the loop
EFAB. In the loop BCDE, Kirchhoff's voltage law will yield the following equation:

-30 I3+ 120-10I2+60 =0

Now we have three equations with three unknowns:

I1 + I2 - I3 = 0
-19 I1 + 10 I2 = 90
-10 I2 - 30 I3 = -180

This linear system can be solved by methods of linear Algebra. Linear Algebra is more useful
when the network is very complicated and the number of the unknowns is large.

The system above has the following solution:

I1 = -1.698
I2 = 5.7736
I3 = 4.0755
  Application # 2: In Traffic Flow:
Assume that the streets are one way, and that the average number of bikes entering and
leaving this section during the 10 minutes breaks between classes is given in the
chart. Find the amount of the traffic between each of four intersection.

Assume that the number of bikes

entering each intersection is equal to
the number of the bikes leaving the
intersection. For each intersection,
this fact can be shown by the
equations:

x4+120 = x1 + 250
x3 + 115 = x4 + 175
x2 + 630 = x3 + 390
x1 + 70 = x2 + 120

Rewrite this system of linear equations:

The augmented matrix of this system is:

The row reduced echelon form of this matrix is:

Rewrite this as a linear system:

Since there is a free variable, this problem has many possible solutions, but x4 > 180.
As an example, if x4= 400 the solution of the system will be

 Application # 3:
 Variable Costs
Imagine that you are taking a taxi while on vacation. You know that the taxi service charges $9
to pick your family up from your hotel and another $0.15 per mile for the trip. Without knowing
how many miles it will be to each destination, you can set up a linear equation that can be used
to find the cost of any taxi trip you take on your trip. By using x to represent the number of miles
to your destination and y to represent the cost of that taxi ride, the linear equation would be y =
0.15x + 9.

 Application # 4:
 Rates
Linear equations can be a useful tool for comparing rates of pay. For example, if one company
offers to pay you $450 per week and the other offers $10 per hour, and both ask you to work 40
hours per week, which company is offering the better rate of pay A linear equation can help you
figure it out! The first company's offer is expressed as 450 = 40x. The second company's offer is
expressed as y = 10(40). After comparing the two offers, the equations tell you that the first
company is offering the better rate of pay at $11.25 per hour.