WAR OF THE PACIFIC
DATE BELLIGERENTS CAUSES
It lasted Bolivia and Peru  National borders in the
from vs. region had never been
1879 to Chile definitively established.
 The discovery of valuable
1884.
guano and nitrate deposits
in the disputed territories.
 The guano and nitrate's
value as fertilizer and
saltpeter's role in explosives,
especially for Europeans.
 The region in conflict was
populated mostly by
Chileans.
 The Bolivian government of
President Hilarión Daza
decreed a backdated 1874
tax of 10 centavos on Chilean
companies for the
exploitation of guano and
saltpeter.
IMPORTANT EVENTS CONSEQUENCES
 On February 14, 1879 when  Victory for Chile.
Bolivian authorities attempted to  Chile got a significant
confiscate property of a Chilean amount of resource-rich
mining company, Chilean armed
territory from Peru and
forces occupied the port city of
Bolivia.
Antofagasta.
 Popular belief attributes
 On 1 March 1879 Bolivia declared
much of the Bolivia's
war on Chile and called on Peru
to activate their alliance.
problems to its
 The Battle of Topáter, on March landlocked condition.
23, 1879.
 On Oct. 20, 1883, Peru and Chile
signed the Treaty of Ancón, by
which Tarapacá province was
ceded to the latter.
 In 1884, Bolivia signed a truce,
the Treaty of Valparaiso, whereby
Bolivia accepted the military
occupation of the entire Bolivian
coast.
 In 1904, Chile and Bolivia signed
the "Treaty of Peace and
Friendship" establishing definite
boundaries.
 ACRE WAR
DATE BELLIGERE CAUSES IMPORTANT EVENTS CONSEQUENCES
NTS
Betwee Bolivia  The Acre Region  On January 2, 1899, Bolivia set  The conflict
n 1899 vs. was rich in up a customs office in Puerto ended with the
and Brazil rubber and gold. Alonso , which upset the Brazilian
1903.  From the end of Brazilian settlers; Bolivians victory and the
the 19th century were forced to leave the region. subsequent
until the middle  Spaniard Luis Gálvez Treaty of
of the 20th Rodríguez de Arias proclaimed Petrópolis,
century, rubber the Republic of Acre on July which ceded
14, 1899. Acre to Brazil.
trees were crucial
 Bolivia responded by sending a
to the automobile  Bolivia gave up
force of 500 men.
and transport  A Brazilian war flotilla reached Acre in
industry. Puerto Alonso, arrested Galvez exchange for
 Acre aroused and dissolved the Republic of Brazilian
little interest for Acre. territory from
its inaccessibility ______________________________ the State of
and apparent lack  In November 1900 there was Mato Grosso,
another rebellion in order to
of commercial the payment of
take Acre from Bolivia and
value. create an independent republic. 2 million and
 The Acre  Carvalho Rodrigo became the promise to
population was president of the newly declared construct the
 composed of a Republic of Acre. Madeira-
small number of  On June 11, 1901 Bolivia Mamoré
Indians without signed a lease with a Bolivian Railroad.
national identity Trading based in Jersey City,
New Jersey. (the company had
and a handful of
some very influential
Brazilians and shareholders: king of Belgium
Bolivians. and the president of the United
 In the late 19th States)
century about  Bolivia had given the company
18,000 almost total control over the
Acre province to protect its
adventurers and
sovereignty. Under the
settlers, most agreement, the group of U.S.
from Brazil, went and British capitalists would
to Acre to exploit assume total control over the
the rubber trees. region, occupying and
exploiting it for 30 years.
 Brazil and Peru, which also
claimed the territory, strongly
disapproved of the lease act.
 José Plácido de Castro came to
Amazon and led a second
uprising.
 After many battles the
governments of Brazil and
Bolivia signed a preliminary
treaty on March 21, 1903.