KURIKULUM STANDARD SEKOLAH MENENGAH

Writers
Tho Lai Hoong
Che Ahamad bin Daud
Translators
Thum Lai Chun
Tho Lai Hoong
Editors
Yusri bin Ramly
Tengku Mohd Fozi bin Tengku Mohd Noor
Md Zaidi bin Mahamad

Designers
Engku Ismail bin Engku Ibrahim
Mohd Nabil bin Nakim
Illustrator
Yusmafazali bin Mohd Yusop

SASBADI SDN. BHD. ;

(Wholly-owned subsidiary of Sasbadi Holdings Berhad (1022660-T) )

2019
 Serial Book No.: 0165
KPM 2019 ISBN 978–983-77-0874-7
First Published 2019
© Ministry of Education Malaysia


All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
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.JOJTUSZ
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electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording
or otherwise, without prior permission of the


Director General of Education, Ministry of
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the calculation of royalty or honorarium.

4FMBOHPS


Published for Ministry of Education Malaysia by:
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(Wholly-owned subsidiary of Sasbadi Holdings Berhad
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ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The publisher and the authors would like to thank
the following organisations and individuals for
their invaluable assistance and cooperation in
publishing this book.
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contributions in terms of ideas and materials,
directly or indirectly
Some of the websites referred to in this book
contain materials that can be used by the
public. The information may be updated
from time to time. The publisher and the
authors will not take any responsibility for
the content in these websites.
Contents
Introduction v

Theme 1: Maintenance and Continuity of Life

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
Chhap
appte
aptter
tte
eerr
Stimuli and Responses 2
1 1.1 Human Nervous System 4
1.2 Stimuli and Responses in Humans 11
1.3 Stimuli and Responses in Plants 30
1.4 Importance of Responses to Stimuli in Animals 36
Summative Practice 1 41
Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
Chhap
appte
aptter
tte
eerr
Respiration 44
2 2.1 Human Respiratory System 46
2.2 Movement and Exchange of Gases in the Human Body 54
2.3 Health of Human Respiratory System 57
2.4 Adaptations in Respiratory Systems 64
2.5 Gaseous Exchange in Plants 67
Summative Practice 2 74
Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
Chhap
appte
aptter
tte
eerr
Transportation 78
3 3.1 Transport System in Organisms 80
3.2 Blood Circulatory System 83
3.3 Human Blood 96
3.4 Transport System in Plants 102
3.5 Blood Circulatory System in Animals and Transport System in Plants 113
Summative Practice 3 116

Theme 2: Exploration of Elements in Nature

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
Chhap
appte
apttteeerr
Reactivity of Metals 122
4 4.1 Variety of Minerals 124
4.2 Reactivity Series of Metals 129
4.3 Extraction of Metals from their Ores 137
Summative Practice 4 143

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
Chhap
appte
apttteeerr
Thermochemistry 146
5 5.1 Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions 148
Summative Practice 5 155

iii
 Theme 3: Energy and Sustainability of Life
Chapter
Ch BAB
Chapter
Chap
C hap
appte
apttteeerr
6 Electricity and Magnetism 160
6 6.1 Generation of Electricity 162
6.2 Transformer 177
6.3 Transmission and Distribution of Electricity 184
6.4 Calculate the Cost of Electricity Consumption 195
Summative Practice 6 204

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
ChhBAB
appte
apt
ap
BAB
tteeerr
6
7
7
Energy and Power 208
7.1 Work, Energy and Power 210
7.2 Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy 216
7.3 Principle of Conservation of Energy 222
Summative Practice 7 228

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
ChhBAB
appte
apt
ap tteeerr
8
8
Radioactivity 230
8.1 Discovery of Radioactivity 232
8.2 Atom and Nucleus 238
8.3 Ionising Radiation and Non-ionising Radiation 240
8.4 Uses of Radioactive Radiation 247
Summative Practice 8 252

Theme 4: Earth and Space Exploration

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
ChhBAB
appte
apt
ap tteeerr
9
9
Space Weather 256
9.1 Activities of the Sun that Affect Earth 258
9.2 Space Weather 263
Summative Practice 9 266

Chapter
Chapter
Chap
C
ChhBAB
appte
apt
ap tteeerr
10
10
Space Exploration 268
10.1 Development in Astronomy 270
10.2 Development of Technology and its Application in Space Exploration 273
Summative Practice 10 278

Answer 281
Glossary 284
Reference 287
Index 288

iv
Introduction
The Form 3 Science textbook is written based on the Dokumen Standard
Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran, DSKP, for Form 3 prepared by the Ministry of
Education Malaysia. This book is designed to realise the National Science
Education Philosophy to produce students who are competitive, dynamic,
robust and resilient and able to fully master scientific knowledge and
technological competency. Students are exposed to Higher Order Thinking
Skills (HOTS), information and communication skills, decision-making,
problem-solving, life and career skills based on noble values to equip students
with 21st century skills. In addition, the Science, Technology, Engineering and
Mathemathics (STEM) Teaching and Learning approach is incorporated
through inquiry-based approach, problem-solving and project-based to
promote interest in science and technology amongst students.
To achieve these objectives, this book incorporates special features
as follows:

Learning Standards MARVELS OF Appreciating the

based on the Standard SCIENCE marvels of science
1.2.2 Curriculum and
Assessment Document Applications of science
My World of Science
for teachers’ reference in daily life

SCIENCE INFO Additional information Latest information on

related to a topic the achievements in
My Malaysia
M the fields of science
and technology in
Formulae or important
I CAN Malaysia
information for
REMEMBER!
students to remember Information on
scientific developments
Today in history
BRAIN Questions that and science-related
TEASER challenge students’ events in the past
thinking
Information from
Questions and Websites websites on the
information related to Internet
- Science, Technology, the developments in
Engineering, Mathematics
Science, Technology, Video links to help
Engineering and students understand a
Mathematics topic
v
 Careers in the field of Emphasis on matters
Science, Technology, that could bring danger
Science Careers in daily life and during
Engineering and
Mathematics (STEM) scientific investigations

21st Century Skills Steps that students

• Critical Thinking need to take to obtain
Safety accurate results and
and Problem-solving Precaution
Skills (CPS) to avoid any accidents
• Interpersonal and during scientific
Self-reliance Skills investigations
(ISS)
• Information and Questions at the
Communication Formative Practice 2.1
end of each subtopic
Skills (ICS) to test students’
• STEM understanding

Students are notified of websites that can be accessed to further assist in the
understanding of a certain topic. Apart from website addresses (URL), students
can also browse the related websites using the QR code displayed.

Students are required to take the following steps:

Step 1
Choose and download the QR code reader
application that is compatible with the student’s
smart mobile device either from the App Store or
Play Store for free.

Step 2
Activate the QR code reader application and then
scan the QR code using the camera in the student’s
smart mobile device.

Step 3
The student should be able to access the website.

vi
Types of activities in this book:

Inquiry-based activity Technology-based activity

Activity 1.4

Discussion activity Innovation-based activity

Project-based activity

1.12.1
Experiment Scientific investigation through guided experiments.

Components at the end of a chapter:

1 Summary 2 Self-reflection

Graphic summary of each Simple checklist of learning

chapter standards

3 Summative Practice 4 Focus on HOTS

Subjective questions to evaluate

students’ understanding at the HOTS questions focused on
end of each chapter evaluating and creating skills

HOTS questions – applying, analysing, evaluating, creating

vii
Components of mobile application:
5 This textbook includes a mobile application, that is BT Science F3 2018.
*(
This application contains interesting multimedia materials which can
:

optimise the teaching and learning process. Multimedia materials such as

Augmented Reality (AR), videos, interactive activity and animation can be
,
.

7( activated through the following steps:

Step 1
Scan this QR code with a smart mobile device to
download the BT Science F3 2018 application.

Step 2
5
Take note of this icon that can be seen on *(

:
certain pages in this book. It indicates
that the page contains multimedia materials.

,
The following table shows the contents of the

.
7(
multimedia materials.

Multimedia materials Pages

AR (Augmented Reality) 4, 86, 260
Interactive activity 135
Animation 138
Videos 10, 34, 47, 60, 85, 89, 90, 109,
130, 132, 134, 171, 216, 260

Step 3
Activate the BT Science F3 2018 application and scan the
entire page.

Step 4

Users do not need to close and reactivate the BT Science F3 2018

application to scan the following pages.

viii