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- Biotechnology involves the
use of all life forms for human welfare. Therefore, extinction of wild
species and destruction of ecosystems has been a major concern of
policy makers and biotechnologists alike. One of the major efforts,
has been to conduct a survey and conserve country's biodiveristy,
so as to save wild plants and animals from extinction.
(i) a systematic examination of the full array of organisms on this globe and
(ii) a study of the methods by which diversity can be maintained and used for the benefit of mankind.
In view of this, the South (particularly India) had rejected such a treaty desired to be signed in this
convention. Such a rejection was also based on the argument that while the convention was meant to
globalize the natural resources, it did not want to globalize the benefit derived from biotechnology
inventions.
Instead, the developed countries wanted to privatize biotechnology through patents and other
intellectual property rights (IPR; consult next two chapters for details).
Similarly, to the disadvantage of developing poor countries, the concept of Plant Breeder's Rights
(PBRs) was recognized in the North ignoring the Farmers' Rights for compensation desired to be given
to poor farmers in the developing countries. Although, most countries agree to the need of preserving
biodiversity, there is disagreement on the issue of who will pay for it.
While the developing countries feel that the conservation efforts will depend on flow
of money from rich nations, the latter reject such a treaty to avoid payment of
compensation for the losses, which the poor nations suffer due to inadequacy of their
efforts towards biodiversity conservation.In view of serious implications of
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the biodiversity
studies on developments in biotechnology
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