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Fig. 1.1 shows how sucrose is broken down in a reaction with hydrochloric acid.
CH2OH
O O
H H HOCH2 H
H
OH H O H HO
HO CH2OH
H OH OH H
+H2O
CH2OH
O O
H H HOCH2 H
H
OH H H HO
HO OH HO CH2OH
H OH OH H
A B
Fig. 1.1
(i) Name the products, A and B, of the reaction shown in Fig. 1.1.
A ........................................................................................................................................
B ........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Name the type of bond that is broken in the reaction shown in Fig. 1.1.
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(b) When Benedict’s solution is added to a sucrose solution and put into a boiling water-bath, no
change in colour is observed.
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[Total: 6]
2
2 (a) Fig. 2.1 is a transmission electron micrograph showing two adjacent cells in a leaf.
cell wall
Fig. 2.1
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(ii) State one feature visible in Fig. 2.1, other than the cell wall, that identifies the cells as
plant cells.
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3
Water is a main component of plant cells.
(b) Fig. 2.2 shows two water molecules linked by a hydrogen bond.
O hydrogen bond
H H
O
H H
Fig. 2.2
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[Total: 8]
4
Fig. 3
(a) With reference to Fig. 3,
(i) name the molecules A and B;
A......................................................................................................
B....................................................................................................[2]
(ii) state the name of the reaction shown.
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(b) Animals and plants store triglycerides as energy reserves.
Explain the advantages of storing triglycerides as energy reserves rather than carbohydrates, such as
starch.
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[Total : 5]