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A Research Proposal
Presented to
The Faculty of Senior High School Department of
DMMC Institute of Health Sciences
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for Research II
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (STEM)
Anciado, Kyzel
Badilla, Micah
De Vera, Hazel
Villalobos, Riyanna Maura
Yamaro, Missyann
Grade 11 Fleming
2019
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
K to 12 (also K-12) is an education system under the Department of Education that aims
to enhance learners’ basic skills, produce more competent citizens, and prepare graduates for
lifelong learning and employment. “K” stands for Kindergarten and “12” refers to the succeeding
12 years of basic education (6 years of elementary education, 4 years of junior high school, and 2
years of senior high school) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop
lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development,
Each student in Senior High School can choose among three tracks: Academic;
Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports and Arts. The Academic track includes three
experience in their chosen track. As today ‘reception to the curriculum in accordance with Kto12
program implementation, many factors are affecting the senior high school student’s course
preference.
The importance of Kto12 is to give students enough time to master skills and concepts so
that they are ready for tertiary education when the time comes. Choosing and deciding on
something has consequence. The results of what you have chosen can either help you, it will
hinder you in the future. It is also the same with the course that you will have to decide. In
choosing course, there are a lot of factors that the student that the students must consider.
Making decision implies that there are choices to be considered, and in such case we
want only to identify as many of these alternatives as possible but to choose the one that best fits
It is a common observation during enrollment time that there are a number of college
students who sift from one course to another for the reason that they do not like their former
course. They either got low grades or drop out from the school for reason or another. They
finally realize that what they enrolled in is not their passion or line of interest because they were
only persuaded by their friends to join them. Others enroll in a course that is their parents’ choice
even if they did not like making college schooling a waste of time, money and effort for both the
students and the parents. Hence, proper counseling and career orientation must be provided to
senior high school students so that they are properly guided on the choice of a course which will
enable them to obtain, within the limits of their capacity and potentials, reasonable success,
Career selection is one of many important choices students will make in determining their
plans. This decision will impart them throughout their lives. The essence of who the student is
will revolve around that the student want to do with their live long work.
Based on Statistics, more than 15,000 typical young people have problems about school.
Surprisingly, most students approve wholeheartedly of their schools. Despite a certain amount of
groaning and grumbling, 79 percent of those polled frankly admit that they like school. Only 6
percent dislike it so much that they would like to quit. Despite their general approval, however,
many young people complain that their problem is not knowing how to study effectively. Big
majorities mention problems that stand in the way of getting the most out of school. Here are
I would like to do well I my school work, but I do not know how to study effectively; I
could do better if I had more definite idea of how well I’m doing during the semester; It is the
test that worry me. Even when I “know my stuff” I get so tense and worried that I don’t do as
well as I should; I know exactly what I want to say, but putting it down on paper is what gets me.
A consideration of their profile of abilities can help them avoid mistakes too. If they are
very high in physical ability and manual dexterity, but below average in mechanical
comprehension, reasoning, and space ability, it probably would be unrealistic for them to look
forward to a career in engineering, and more practical to try for success as skilled sheet metal
worker or in some other requiring their particular combination of abilities. If a person’s ability
does not support the course they like, they need to think for alternatives that would suit it. It is
better to go for a course in which the student is interested and which his abilities go well rather
than going for a course in which the abilities of the student are not compatible which can result
to failure.
Family factors has in increased rapidly during the last couple years, yet an understanding
of family influences on career choices still remains spares. The first interaction of a child with
people takes place within its among members of its family who include parents, siblings and
Many Career choices theories indicate that, family plays a role in shaping the values and
needs of its member. Social Learning Theory points out possible influences that the family can
have on adolescence’ career development. Parents can have an influence on their child’s career
pointed out that it is almost impossible to make a decision completely independent from our
families.
The constitution allows parents to bring up their children according to their own values
and beliefs. Parental responsibility includes: Providing a home for their children and; Choosing
and providing for their child’s education. Parents have the rights to make decisions about their
child’s upbringing without interference. Parenting involves providing a safe environment for
their child’s growth, providing for their basic needs, allowing them to develop their own identity,
nurturing their self-esteem, respecting them, educating them, spending time with them etc.
Parents have a duty to protect their children from abuse and neglect.
Having parental responsibility basically means that as a parent they have the right to
make important decisions. Parents are the ones who nurture and raise a child. Being a parent is
not that easy, they have their duties and responsibilities not only to themselves but also to their
children. As their children grow up they have needs that parents should provide. Parents provide
them their basic needs, teach moral values, show them what is right and help them develop their
own being. Parents should also provide their child’s education. We all know that every parent
dreams for their child to have a great future. For them, education is the best treasure they can
give to their child. That’s why sometimes they don’t even care how much money it will cost
them just to put their child in a school with high standard a school they envision to help their
child embodiment his skills and flourish it for him to be a great and successful person as he
grow-up. It is also part of their duty not to abuse their child. As we all know many parents now a
day abuse their own child. They punish them, bit them to death. As parents it is not right to
commit such thing, parents can’t just have bit their child because he commits a mistake or didn’t
emulate their command. Children have the right to be protected, to be loved by their parents not
to be abused.
Peer influence becomes a factor in career decision making because individuals who are
closely involved with their friends tend to be involved in the decision of their friends. Take
example in career choice, if one person chooses Nursing, other will also be forced to choose
Nursing because they don’t want to be independent from them. Sometimes peers influence others
to take that certain course because they think that it is better for them to take that particular
Teenagers some feel are too young to decide their own career matters. Parents
particularly are very concerned about their affairs. On the other hand, in this modern day and
age, teenagers are revolting against too much parental interference and guidance.
Economy factors has been very harsh for students who are hoping to attend higher
education to further their studies and hopefully, get better jobs upon graduating. But often,
various obstacles tend to block this route and this challenge often comes from one object: money.
Pursuing your dreams after college will always remain a possibility, with or without money.
Studying will not be a question for those with eagerness to earn a college degree. However,
despite all this eagerness and fervor lies the fact that not all students can afford the course they
primarily want. The problem at hand is that their financial stability limits their choice which
Economic growth leads to higher employment rates and increased spending. The growth
of business leads to possible expansions, which create more job opportunities in the workforce.
A growth in the economy of some fields can attract students to those fields. These changes in
technology can have both a positive and negative effect in the workforce.
Studying will not be a question for those with eagerness to earn a college degree.
However, despite all this eagerness and fervor lies the fact that not all students can afford the
course they primarily want. The problem at hand is that their financial stability limits their choice
which latter led them to a more, said practical course. A glimpse of risks along this part where
one decides critically, describes a hesitation of why pursue that course if the chances are too low
for that student to endure anyway; regarding the expenses that are to be covered. One might
disregard his interest over this matter and end up with a college course he is aware he won’t be
able to excel or fit in. This in time will be a more serious concern, anticipating wasted efforts,
finances, opportunities and time. That, for instance is the situation where the researchers
wouldn’t assume the students to engage in if they did not arrive to an appropriate and logical
decision.
Schruder (2012) mentioned factors basis theories for career of an individual which are
reviewed to understand how factors theories help individual in career. Objectives factors: This
theory assumes that the applicants are rational and the Right Management carried out a survey on
the reason why people’s change their jobs and found the following reasons for career changing.
Career can also be described as profession occupation or business of any individual and
The main problem of the study was to know the factors that affect grade 12 senior high
school students’ alumni of DMMC Institute of Health Sciences in taking unrelated courses to
their track. Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1.11 Age
1.12 Gender
1.13 Track
2. What are the factors that affect grade 12 students taking unrelated courses to their track?
3. What are the advantage and disadvantage of taking unrelated courses to their track?
4. What are the concerned of grade 12 student’s alumni to the practicality of the course?
5. How does financial stability affect the availability and duration of the course?
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This study uses the Input, Process and Output Framework below is the diagram that
Family factors
Schools factors
Financial factors
Peers influence
Figure 1: Conceptual chart about the process for conducting this study
Research Paradigm
The objectives of this study is to understand and to know the factors that affect grade 12
senior high school students’ alumni of DMMC Institute of Health Sciences in taking unrelated
Figure 1 above showed the conceptual chart of the process on how the researcher is able
to conduct this study and to collect the data which is need to get a result. The input indicated the
data that were use, then the process showed where you could read the different techniques in
collecting data, followed by the output, where the expected outcome result was located.
The flow of this study was; first, the data needed to this research was the demographic
profile of the respondents and the perception of the following tracks (STEM, ABM, HUMMS)
about the factors that affect grade 12 senior high school students’ alumni of DMMC Institute of
Health Sciences. Then in order to get the result, the researchers conducted a survey to the
selected respondents. After conducting the survey, the researchers arranged the data that were
collected and with the use of some statistical techniques the researchers were able to compute the
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A course can have a lot to say about the employment prospects of job seekers it is
important that incoming college students take some time to evaluate options. A path can make
grate impact for your future which plays a great role on what you will become, that is why, as a
graduating student, it is important to consider various options that will affect your choices on
the respondent. Educational experience refers to the problem on the academic knowledge of the
Educational aspiration refers to the wants, ambition, and expectation among the grade 12
students. Educational aspiration denotes the determination of a students with the skills, capacity
and abilities. Parents, in particular, have been seen as the most significant theirs in shaping
aspiration because they provide the opportunities, encouragement, and support for their children
are teaching. For students who have aspiration and expectations for their future, they have
H1. There is a significant relationship between the factors and the effect in taking unrelated
Students. the study will provide the students with enough knowledge to the students more
specifically in the senior high school students. It will give them an idea and awareness in
different factors that affect senior high school students in taking unrelated courses in college.
Parents. Knowing the factors that affect course preferences and understanding their children’s
choice will save them from unnecessary expenses due to failures and shifting of courses. The
findings could serve as advice to them that they should not be the one to decide on the course
Community. this study will help to improve our community because of the readiness of the
students to their chosen college program that can help them to be a professional and well trained
high school students select courses that are suited to their capabilities and interests. This study,
especially the career guidance program developed, would be very helpful to guidance
Future Researchers. this study will give an idea to know the advantages of knowing the tracks
that are aligned to their chosen college program. They will be knowledgeable enough in handling
This research focus on analyzing the factors that affect grade 12 senior high school
students’ alumni of DMMC Institute of Health Sciences in taking unrelated courses to their track
in terms different factors such as family, schools, financial and peers influence.
The study is limited to determine the effect of the factors that affect the students’ decision
in taking unrelated course in their track. This study includes the grade 12 students of DMMCIHS
by conducting a survey.
Certain variables were including by the researchers to determine the effect of the factors
that affect the students’ decisions in taking unrelated course in their track. These variables
include the students’ family income, place in the family and reasons that made that students
The respondents were limited only to the to the Grade 12 alumni students of DMMC
Institute of Health Sciences. Furthermore, the respondents will be 10 for the STEM, 10 for the
This study deals with the factors that affect grade 12 SHS students in taking unrelated
course in their track at DMMC Institute of Health Sciences during 2018-2019. The study was
focused on the grade 12 student’s alumni in DMMCIHS who are having experience to take
for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and improving the quality of basic education. It is
the main agency tasked to manage and govern the Philippine system of basic education.
problems, help troubled students and assist students in making career or college plans.
Educational Aspiration. This are an important in predicting academic achievements and may be
seen as an element in academic achievement motivation, focusing as they do on the desire for
environment which may satisfy one or more areas of CIMA’S PER. Guidelines.
Adolescence. It is the period following the onset of puberty during which a young person
Tertiary Education. It is also referred to as third stage, third level, and postsecondary education,
is the educational level following the completion of a school providing a secondary education.
The World Bank, for example, defines tertiary education as including universities as well as
Proper Counseling. advice and support that is given to people to help them deal with problems,
prepare students to have a greater understanding of educational and career opportunities and
options and to assist them in making meaningful and informed career choice?
Mechanical Comprehension. is an assessment tool for measuring a candidate's ability to
perceive and understand the relationship of physical forces and mechanical elements in practical
situations?
Social Learning Theory. is a theory of learning and social behavior which proposes that new
which may satisfy one or more areas of CIMA's PER. Guidelines. Teaching and lecturing, even
high school students. A plan is defined as a person's perception of what he will be doing. or will
METHODLOGY
This chapter deals with the procedures that was utilized in the study. This chapter deals with the
research design, sampling techniques, research locale, respondents of the study, source of data,
RESEARCH DESIGN
research. Descriptive studies are aimed at finding out "what is," (what are the characteristics of
the population or situation being studied?) so observational and survey methods are frequently
used to collect descriptive data (Borg & Gall, 2010). Describe characteristics of a population or
phenomenon being studied. It does not answer questions about how/when/why the characteristics
occurred. The characteristics used to describe the situation or population are usually some kind
of categorical scheme also known as descriptive categories. It explores the relationship between
variables using statistical analyses and it is mostly observational in terms of data collection. This
kind of research design is the best way and applicable to the problem of the study that the
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
The researchers will use stratified random sampling order to avoid biased samples. They
will use stratified random sampling to obtain a sample population that best represents the entire
population being studied. According to Investopedia (2017), its advantages include minimizing
sample selection bias and ensuring certain segments and it is also advantageous when it can be
used accurately because it ensures each subgroup within the population receives proper
representation within the sample. This sampling technique is done through dividing population
into categories or stratified random sampling and getting the accurate number of random
proportion to each stratum or subgroup. This technique will help the researchers to have an
STEM 10
ABM 10
HUMSS 10
RESEARCH LOCALE
The researchers will be conducting this study through the use of technology such as
google survey that will be send to the alumni of DMMCIHS by means of social media like
Facebook Messenger. It has been chosen as the locale of the study so it will be easier for the
respondents to answer the following questions just by clicking the link and the questions will
appear.
The respondents of this study are randomly selected from each track of grade 12 student’s
alumni of DMMC Institute of Health Sciences. We chose them as our respondents to know what
are the possible factors that affect taking unrelated course to their track.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
SOURCE OF DATA
gathering information needed to support their study. Through this, the researchers will distribute
the survey questionnaire by means of internet to the alumni students of DMMC Institute of
Health Sciences to meet the aim of the research and it best served to answer the questions and the
The first draft questionnaire was presented to the adviser to seek comments and
suggestion, after all the suggestion was incorporated, the final draft of the questionnaire was
made and produced. The validity and reliability was tested by the statistician using Cronbach
Alpha.
All data that were relevant to the topics of the study were gathered personally by the
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
In this study, statistical analysis will be done to determine the relationship between its
variable. Different statistical tool will be used such as frequency table and weight mean. The data
which will be used will come the result of the questionnaire. This will be computed using the
following formulas:
From question no.1,2,3&4. Weight mean and Frequency table
∑fx ∑𝑋 𝑊𝑥
W.M = ∑= x=
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
f = frequency of x
series of scores in ascending or descending order, together with their frequencies the number of
times each score occurs in the respective data set. Included in a frequency table are typically a
column for the scores and a column showing the frequency of each score in the data set.
However, more detailed tables may also contain relative frequencies (proportions) and
percentages. Frequency tables may be computed for both discrete and continuous variables and
From question 5. T-test. the researchers use T-test to know if there is significant
difference between availability and duration of the course. According to Kim (2015) T-test is use
to determine whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other. It is
also use when you want to compare the means of two groups.
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