Kasyn Tapia

Cassel

English 2

17 March 2019

Annotated Bibliography

My essay is about how eliminating the art and music programs in schools is going to negatively

affect our children. There is a specific part of brain development though art and music, and I

want to capture what that is and why we need it. I want to know how it ultimately can change our

brains, and what that does. I want to know why our brains associate with music so much. And I

want to know in what ways to art and music have a positive effect on test scores and in class

learning.

Brown, Laura Lewis. “The Benefits of Music Education.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 25

May 2012, www.pbs.org/parents/education/music-arts/the-benefits-of-music-education/.

Laura Brown wrote the article “The Benefits of Music Education” in 2012 that appeared

in PBS.There was a lot of information in this article about the benefits of music education and

how it affects our children's developing brains. Music has the ability to improve so many aspects

of your brain and brain functions. Not only does it increase your IQ, but it makes your brain

work harder. There was a study on what studying music can do to your brain and it was proven

by brain scans that showed changes in the way this were wired. It was all about the benefits in

music. It was also stated that just because you put your kid in a music class doesn’t mean they

will be smart. You have to work at it.

 The purpose of this article it to shine light on the fact that music is very important. It helps

improve our brains in more ways than one. I think it is meant to show school systems that music

and humanities are extremely important and help keep students accelerated. Like other articles in

my research, this is relevant because during this time, there were many budget cuts happening

and this point had to be made.

Laura Brown is a social media manager for PBS. I looked her up, and she has written

countless of other pieces for this website. She had credentials and knows what she is talking

about. This website is for parents and is a trusted network that they get information from. That is

why it is a credible source to use. She quoted all of her information and used many research

studies in this article making it very easy to understand.

This is extremely relevant. It is talking about all the ways music changes the brain. It is

redundant to a few other sources I have found, however it provides information about the brain I

will be able to use in more ways than one. I will be able to answer my questions with this article.

Demorest, Steven M., and Steven J. Morrison. “Does Music Make You Smarter?” Music

Educators Journal, vol. 87, no. 2, Sept. 2000, p. 33. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2307/3399646

The article “Does Music make you Smarter?” by Steven M Demorest and Steven J

Morrison was in the Music Educators Journal in September of 2000. The main point of this

article was that music impacts the development of human brain, and how music affects not only

children but adults leading them to have high test scores. This article explains that there is a

correlation between music and cognitive thinking. There were about three studies mentioned in

this article that talked about how music and music awareness helped students get better scores on

tests and improve on tests they have already taken. It also touches on the fact that music is its
 own intelligence on its own and show that intelligence has the power to boost another form of

intelligence, mainly spatial. This article talks about the Mozart effect and how listening to

Mozart before/ during tests can actually improve your score dramatically. This is because it is

relatable to cognitive thinking. People who study music are much better at cognitive thinking.

All in all, there are many different experiments mentioned that show how music, which is an art

or humanity class, can help improve thinking and test scores.

The author's purposes in writing this article was to bring attention to the fact that music

has the power to improve many aspects of a student’s education. And that should not be taken

away in public schools. I believe this piece is for music educators as well as the general public

because it is useful to all types of people. They want everyone to know the importance of music

in school systems. I don't think that the time it was written affects the information because all of

this evidence is still relevant today.

The two writers are Steven M. Demorest and Steven J. Morrison. These authors are

credible because id it from a trusted database, and when google searched, they have written more

articles for the music educators journal. This source is directly from the journal itself.

This is a huge part to my research paper. I am not only talking about traditional art, but

humanities. Music is included in that. I can use specific examples from the studies talked about

in this article to tie it into the fact how schools shouldn't get rid of music or art classes. This is a

good source you have because it even gives the other point of view I can use for my counter

argument. It gives good questions on why music and arts can help stimulate the brain and what it

does to test scores.

“Effective Arts Integration Improves Test Scores.” ScienceDaily, ScienceDaily, 22 Oct. 2013,

www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131022170624.htm.
 The article “Effective Arts Integration Improves Test Scores” was written at Mississippi

State University and appeared in Science Daily in October of 2013. It was mainly about how

making art programs in most school districts will have a big part in increasing the test scores and

intelligence of students all around. It was also about this program in Mississippi where they bring

art programs to lower income communities and how that changed people's attitudes and it gave

them a new outlet. It made a good point that arty gives teachers another way to teach their lesson

and have students understand it more through art, and it was proven to be highly effective.

I think the purpose was to propose to stakeholder and educators that art education is

important and even help school in which people thought were filled with underachieving

students. It boosted their test grades, so they are trying to show that art can change that. It is

usually the first thing to go which shouldn’t be the case. It is bringing attention that art programs

need to be saved not taken away. The time and place is very reverent because Mississippi is

having trial and error for this program and the results need to be shown to these people to show

that this is serious stuff and it is out children's best bet.

The writer is Mississippi University. That is a college where they wouldn’t make up

evidence and data. What actually is said is said to be true. It also appeared on the Science daily

website which I trust. It is where I got a lot of psychology evidence and research and it has

always been evidence and articles that are credible. The information said in this article is quoted

and credited which is a big factor on how to check if a source is accurate.

I thinking this article will be used for a certain point I am making. It talks about my main

claim, but bring to light another factor I just realized. Art and music give students the ability to

learn things in other ways which will help the students who don’t get concrete things as well

ultimately raising test scores.

“Extracurriculars Are Central to Learning.” U.S. News & World Report, U.S. News & World

Report, www.usnews.com/opinion/articles/2014/04/28/music-art-and-language-programs-in-

schools-have-long-lasting-benefits.

This article called “Extracurricular Are Central to Learning” by Stacey Boyd came out on

April 28, 2014. It appeared in the U.S.News website . The main point of this article was how art

and music along with language study is an important part to children developing their brains and

having better thinking ability. It tells us how music and language classes can help strengthen

minds. These classes strengthen the connection between the right and left parts of your brain

increasing cognitive ability. It gives countless of examples of what it does and how it effects, it

also explains the importance of exercising and how that is a very important aspect of a child's

brain developing.

Stacey Boyd intended this article to be read by the general public and understand what

these extracurricular classes actually do to your child's brain. It isn’t just for one person, but for

the general public to be educated on the subject so they know the best route for their kids. I think

this was written in the peak of the budget cuts so that is why it is relevant and seems very

passionate on what is written.

The writer of this article is Stacey Boyd and she was a former teacher and principal who

now does research about education and writes about her knowledge. She has her credentials and

that’s how I know this article is reliable. This website is also the website for many their current

news topics. It is super reliable because this website brings us accurate information from people

who they know are credible. This is an overall trustworthy piece that I will be able to use in my

paper.
 I plan to use this article in my introduction. It Gives good poon how schools are making

budget cuts and that was one of the point I was going to make in my intro. It will also answer the

science behind why it causes your brain to function better. It is completely on my side of the

research which is what I need to write this paper.

Howson, John. “Leaving the Arts behind is a Risk.” Education Journal, no. 314, Oct. 2017, p.

22.EBSCOhost,sinclair.ohionet.org:80/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=

true&db=a9h&AN=125528013&site=ehost-live.

The Article “Leaving the Arts behind is a Risk” by John Howson appeared in the

Education Journal in October of 2017. The whole point to this article was explaining how there

are issues that could present itself if we take away the arts in public school systems. The article

stated that the Government and many school officials do not know or appreciate the importance

that art has on children, especially when developing their brains. They found that there was a

correlation between art classes and test scores. Kids with higher test scores usually took art

classes. They also thought that kids who take art classes are more likely to have high

expectations for themselves and want to further their intelligence in more than one form.

Likewise, kids who are not as excelled in other subjects will take art classes because they find

that that is where they excel in, and all around making them more likely to pass the subject they

were once not able to.

The whole point for the writer to address this subject and write this article was because

there is a known issue that many school systems are cutting art programs. These authors truly

believe that cutting art programs in schools is bad idea that will harm the kids. I believe that this
 article was written to the public to educate them on why arts are important and how they affect

our kids. I think that this subject can affect many people, and these authors have a passion to

save these art programs because they believe it can only benefit our children instead of harm

them.

The writer is John Howson. I know this writer is credible because it got this article from

the library database and it was an academic journal I also looked this name up and found his

credentials and where he graduated from college and many other articles that he wrote. This

information was based off of John Howson’s research about implications of neglecting arts in

schools.

There is good evidence on how more in self challenging students will take art classes, and

students who don't feel as accelerated like the arts because it is something that makes them feel

good. That is how I will use it, as evidence that it even helps students who don't have as much

success in school.

Music & Arts, et al. “Playing Music Makes You Smarter.” The Vault at Music & Arts, 19 Oct. 2015,

thevault.musicarts.com/playing-music-makes-you-smarter/.

This specific article was not written by a certain person, but a program by The Vault.

“Playing music Makes You Smarter” was written by Music and Arts and appeared on the Vault

website on April 9, 2015. The main point to this article was the different ways that music and

playing instruments can improve a child's cognitive ability. It touches on the fact that music can

not only help spatial intelligence like art helps, but also improves others types of intelligence like

math and Verbal skills. Music does this by stimulating the different parts of the brain art the

same time. It also had said that music increases brain volume and reveals more grey matter than
 non-musicians. All around, children who play music are more likely to excel in other areas

because music uses and stimulates many different types on functions your brain produces.

I believe that this article was written to bring awareness to the fact that music can

positively affect the brain in more ways than one. The audience is needed for parents. This is

because they want parents to know the benefits of music education and how it can help your

child in many school subjects. I think this piece was written to also bring attention the cuts of

music and art classes that have been happening in school districts recently and show how they

are extremely beneficial and they should not get rid of these classes.

This article was written by a website that specializes in music articles. All news that could

involve music can be analyzed here. This website does not have ads and seems to be a very

reliable source and helpful. I also looked around the website and found many other articles that

also seemed reliable. They as quoted many different researches that could be looked up as well.

This is a big article I could use for this paper. It gives lots of evidence and points that are

specifically correlated with what I am writing about. I will use the evidence about how music

makes the brain smarter and use that for my main idea. This will probably be the source I refer to

the moist because the wording in it is exactly what I need

“SAT Scores of Students Who Study the Arts: What We Can and Cannot Conclude about the

Association.” ArtsEdSearch, www.artsedsearch.org/study/sat-scores-of-students-who-study-the-

arts-what-we-can-and-cannot-conclude-about-the-association/.

The article “SAT Scores of Students Who Study the Arts: What we can and cannot

conclude About the Association” by Vaughn, K. and Winner, E. This particular article appeared

on the website ArtsEdSearch a website that is all about Art education. It appeared in 2000 with
being revised multiple times since then. The main point was that researchers took SAT scores

and looked at the highest scores then looked at the type of art classes that student was a part of. It

was almost every single person who took an art class for more than three years that excelled in

the SAT. They brought attention to the fact art students could be more inclined to achieve more

just because they are used to being pushed. But they found that many different art forms had

different effects as to what parts of the SAT the student excelled in. They brought attention to the

fact that students who are high achievers could just be taking the arts as

well.

I think the purpose of this article to show that there is a very big possibility that art classes and

art related activities boosts children's cognitive ability. It is meant for educators and parents to

give knowledge on why schools should keep art programs in play. It brought up a good

counterpoint argument and I thought that I could use it because it made me realize the other side

point of view. I think the fact this was written and revised it is relevant because this is real world

evidence and situations we can control. We have the power to change this and that’s why it is

relevant.

The two writers are professors who are in charge of research., That is someone I would

believe and think they had all of the evidence that they need to write a proper analysis. The

source I got this from is a website about art education, so it is my belief that they actually are

reliable. There were no ads of any type of red flag while looking around at this website. All in

all, I think this is a good source to rely on because it seems accurate and trustworthy.

I think that this article is very relevant to my topic. It gives me direct evidence on how the

arts can improve your thinking and test scores. In will use this to show that art can help with real
world things, not just art related stuff which is one major thing people usually think. That art

only help your artistic view. It also gives a good counter argument I can use to help back up even

more why the arts are very important.