g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{

hf/L ul/Psf]

PsLs[t lgb]{zg – @)^&

-PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ / ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf kl/kq÷lgb]{zg÷dfu{bz{g
;d]tnfO{ ;dfj]z u/L kl/dfh{g ul/Psf], ldlt @)^&/)$/)! b]lv nfu" ePsf]_

g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

@)^& cfiff9
 ljifo–;"rL

qm=;+= ljifo k[i7 ;+Vof

!= Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf !
@= shf{÷;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf #$
#= Psn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf $$
$= n]vf gLlt tyf ljQLo laj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwL Joj:yf %!
%= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]jf/df lglxt hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug]{ ;DjGwL]
Joj:yf (^
^= ;+:yfut ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf !)@
&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf lbOPsf lgb]{zgx?
nfu" ug]{ sfo{ tflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf !!@
*= nufgL ;DjGwL Joj:yf !!$
(= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ tYofÍ ljj/0f ;DjGwL
Joj:yf !!*
!)= ;+:yfks z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwL Joj:yf !$%
!!= ;x–ljQLos/0f shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf !%$
!@= shf{ ;"rgf tyf sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf !%*
!#= clgjfo{ df}Hbft÷a}wflgs t/ntf ;DjGwL Joj:yf !&&
!$= zfvf÷sfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yf !*$
!%= Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf !(@
!^= ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf !($
!&= ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf !(*
!*= ufEg]÷ufleg] / :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf @)#
!(= u|fxs klxrfg ;DaGwL Joj:yf @!#
@)= ;xfos sDkgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf @!*
@!= ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwdf @@!

********
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !÷)^&

laifoM Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%*
sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] cfˆgf] hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df b]xfo jdf]lhd Go"gtd k'FhLsf]ifsf] cg'kft
sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df sfod /fVg' kg]{ Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if -k|ltzt_
;+:yf
k|fylds k'FhL k'FhLsf]if
æsÆ ju{ ^=) !)=)
ævÆ / æuÆ ju{ %=% !!=)
æ3Æ ju{ $=) *=)
@= k'FhLsf]if
k'FhLsf]if eGgfn] k|fylds k'FhL / k"/s k'FhLsf] of]u ;Demg' kb{5 .
æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf k'FhLsf]ifsf] u0fgf o; a}+såf/f hf/L Capital Adequacy Framework
2007 (Updated July, 2008) cg';"rL !=! df tf]lsP jdf]lhd x'g]5 .
#= k'FhLsf]ifsf] juL{s/0f
kF"hLsf]if u0fgf k|of]hgsf] lgldQ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]ifnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd @ efudf juL{s/0f ug'{
kg]{5 .
!= k|fylds k'FhL
!=!= b]xfosf zLif{sx?df /x]sf] /sd k|fylds k'FhLdf ;dfj]z÷u0fgf x'g]5 M–
-s_ r'Qmf k'FhL -;fwf/0f z]o/_
-v_ k|:tfljt jf]g; z]o/
-u_ z]o/ lk|ldod
-3_ lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ z]o/ (Irredeemable Preference Share)
-ª_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
-r_ ;l~rt gfkmf÷gf]S;fg
-5_ k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if (Capital Redemption Reserve)
-h_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
-em_ sN; Og P8efG;
-`_ cGo :jtGq sf]if
!=@= k|fylds k'FhL u0fgf ubf{ b]xfosf zLif{sx?df /x]sf] /sd 36fpg' kg{]5 M–
-s_ Voflt (Goodwill),
-v_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L x'g] u/L ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf ;'/If0fkqx?df nufgL
u/]sf]] /sd,
-u_ cfˆgf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ tyf ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{ nufgL
/sd,
-3_ cjf:tljs ;DklQ (Fictitious assets)

1
 o; k|of]hgsf] nflu cg';Gwfg, ljsf; tyf sDKo"6/ ;ˆ6j]o/ afx]ssf cGo cjf:tljs
vr{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-ª_ k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn] k|ltaGw u/]sf JolQm tyf ;d"xnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ tyf
;'ljwf .
t/, pko'{Qm JolQm tyf ;d"xnfO{ shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn]
k|ltaGw gu/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] k|ltaGw nfu]sf] ! jif{ jf shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt x'g]
;dodWo] h'g cl3 x'G5 ;f] ;do;Dd of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-r_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/L :jMk|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUuf vl/b u/]sf] /sd .
-5_ ;LdfeGbf a9L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf;df nufgL u/]sf] /sd .
-h_ tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ljqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] z]o/ k|Tofe"lt .
@= k"/s k'FhL
k|fylds k'FhLeGbf a9L ;dfj]z ug{ gkfOg] u/L k"/s k'FhLdf lgDg zLif{sx? cGtu{t /x]sf /sdx?
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
o; zLif{s cGt/ut c;n shf{sf] lgldQ Joj:yf ul/Psf] /sd dfq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
c;n ;lxt cGo shf{sf nflu o; a}+saf6 tf]lsPsf] cg'kfteGbf a9L shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf u/]sf] v08df To:tf] cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf u/]sf] k"/} /sd / k'g/;+/rgf
/ k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf shf{x?df yk u/]sf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf /sdnfO{ cltl/Qm
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
t/, pk/f]Qm zLif{sx?df /x]sf] s'n /sd a}+ssf] s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] !=@% k|ltzt
eGbf a9L x'g] u/L k"/s k'FhLdf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ ;DklQ k"gd"{NofÍg sf]if
k"/s k'FhL u0fgf ubf{ ;DklQ k"gd"{NofÍg sf]if jfktsf] /sd ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L lgl:sPsf]
s'n k"/s k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzt;Dd u0fgf ug{ kfOg] 5 . o; sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd jf s'n k"/s
k'FhLsf] @ k|ltztdWo] h'g sd x'G5 ;f]xL /sd dfq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx? (Hybrid Capital Instruments)
o; zLif{s cGtu{t b]xfosf pks/0fx? kg]{5g\ .
-!_ ljgf ;'/If0f, k"0f{ r'Qmf x'g], e'QmfgL lbg] k|fyldstf qmddf lgIf]kstf{ / ;fx'x?eGbf
k5fl8 dfq e'QmfgL kfpg ;Sg] tyf 3f6fdf ;d]t ;xefuL x'g] jf ;fwf/0f k'FhLdf
kl/0ft ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg] u/L hf/L u/]sf ;'/If0fkqx? .
-@_ o; a}+sn] :jLs[lt lbPdf afx]s wf/sn] cfˆgf] OR5f cg'?k e'QmfgL k|fKt ug{ g;Sg]
u/L hf/L u/]sf pks/0fx? .
t/, s'g} Ps Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx? (Hybrid Capital
Instruments_ cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] wf/0f -vl/b_ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-3_ ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f (Subordinated Term Debt)
kfFr jif{eGbf a9L e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf], lgIf]kstf{x?eGbf k5fl8 dfq e'QmfgL kfpg] u/L s'g}
klg ;'/If0f g/fvL hf/L u/]sf] C0fkqx? / ;Lldt e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf÷cjlw tf]lsPsf
lkmtf{ x'g ;Sg] cu|flwsf/ z]o/x? o; cGtu{t ;dfj]z x'g]5g\ . oL pks/0fx?sf] 36\bf]
d"NonfO{ hgfpg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o:tf pks/0fx?sf] d"Nodf kl5Nnf] kfFr jif{b]lv
aL; k|ltztn] 36fpb} n}hfg' kg]{5 . s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] nfdf] cjlwkl5 jf ljleGg
r/0fx?df ;fwf/0f z]o/df kl/0ft x'g] jf tf]lsPsf zt{x? k"/f u/]/ dfq lkmtf{ x'g] zt{df
o:tf] pks/0f hf/L u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;fwf/0f z]o/df kl/0ft ePsf] /sd r'Qmf k'FhLdf /
z]o/df kl/0ft gePsf] /sd o; cGt/ut /fvL k"/s k'FhLdf u0fgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/, o:tf pks/0fx? hf/L ubf{ cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L /sd p7fpg
kfO{g] 5}g .
-ª_ ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
ljb]zL ljlgdosf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf] ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]ifsf]
/sd k"/s k'FhL k|of]hgsf nflu u0fgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

2
 -r_ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
lgb]{zg g+= * cGtu{t v8f ePsf] nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]ifsf] /sd k"/s k'FhL afkt u0fgf ug{
;lsg]5 .
$= s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ b'O{ ju{df ljefhg ul/Psf]
5.
-!_ jf;nftleqsf] hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ .
-@_ jf;nftaflx/sf] hf]lvd efl/t sf/f]af/ .
%= jf;nft leqsf ;DklQ tyf jf;nftjflx/sf sf/f]af/x?df hf]lvd ef/
-!_ jf;nft leqsf ;DklQx?df hf]lvd ef/
-æsÆ ju{ afx]s_M k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu af;nft leqsf] ;DklQnfO{ lgDgfg';f/
ljefhg u/L 5'§f5'§} hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . jf;nftdf b]lvPsf] ;DklQsf] /sdnfO{ ef/
lbOPsf] k|ltztn] u'0fg u/L s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u lgsfNg' kg]{5 .
jf;nftleqsf zLif{s hf]lvd ef/ -k|ltzt_
gub df}Hbft 0
;'g df}Hbft -ljlgdo of]Uo_ 0
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
cfˆg} d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd (Accrued Interest) 0
ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf ævÆ / 0
æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd
:jb]zL a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft÷d'2lt /l;bsf] bfjL (Claims)* 20
cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] 20
d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{
ljb]zL a}+sx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft 20
dfu]sf] avt k|fKt x'g] /sd (Money at Call) 20
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated)*/ ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Uof/]06Ldf uPsf] shf{ 20
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated)*/ ljb]zL a}+sdf u/]sf] cGo nufgL 20
cGt/ a}+s ;fk6L 20
z]o/, l8j]~r/ Pj+ a08df ePsf] nufgL 100
cGo nufgLx? 100
shf{, ;fk6 tyf ljN; vl/b÷l8:sfp06 ;d]t -s'n /sd_** 100
:yL/ ;DklQx? 100
kfpg' kg]{ cGo v'b Aofh /sd -s'n kfpg' kg]{ Aofh – ;/s./L C0fkq tyf jrt kqsf] 100
Aofh– Aofh d'NtjL_
cGo ;a} ;DklQx? -v'b clu|d s/ bflvnf jfx]s_ 100
;Ldf gf3]sf] l/on :6]6÷cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ 150

l6Kk0fL
* PsxKtfsf] clu|d ;"rgfdf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] u/L :jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ævÆ, æuÆ /
æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] /fv]sf] tLg dlxgf jf ;f] eGbf a9L cjlwsf d'2lt lgIf]k . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu
lgIf]k /fVg] ;doeGbf l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] k'FhL kof{Kttf -Capital Adequacy_ sf] cfwf/df tf]lsPsf] k'FhL
kof{Kttf sfod u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /flvPsf] d'2lt lgIf]knfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg]5 .
*/
o; k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotsf] n08gaf6 k|sflzt The Banker klqsfn] k|To]s jif{ h'nfO{
dlxgfdf k|sfzg ug]{ Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf l7s cl3Nnf] jif{ ;dfj]z ePsf a}+sx?nfO{
;Demg' kg]{5 .
pQm Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"lrdf gk/]sf] v08df zt k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
** d'2lt /l;b, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkq / ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df k|jflxt shf{ / cGt/f{li6«o >]l0fs[t a}+ssf]
hdfgtdf k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{ afx]s .

3
 -@_ jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]jf/df hf]lvd ef/ -æsÆ ju{ afx]s_
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]jf/x?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ljefhg u/L
5'§f5'§} hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]jf/sf] /sdnfO{ hf]lvd ef/n] u'0fg
u/L s'n jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]jf/ lgsfNg' kg]{5 .
k|bfg ul/Psf] hf]lvd ef/ b]xfosf] tflnsfdf k|bfg ul/Psf] x'Fbf pQm sf/f]jf/sf] /sdnfO{ lbOPsf]
hf]lvd ef/n] u'0fg u/L ;a} hf]8]/ s'n jf;nft aflx/sf] hf]lvd efl/t sf/f]jf/ lgsfNg' kg]{5 .
jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]jf/x? hf]lvd ef/ -k|ltzt_
laN; sn]S;g )
clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo ;Demf}tf (Forward Foreign Exchange Contract) !)
⊕ @)
^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|lttkq - dflh{g g36fO{ k"/} /sd_
*/ @)
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf hf/L ul/Psf]
Uof/]06L
^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq -dflh{g g36fO{ k"/} /sd_⊕ %)
lj8a08, k/km/d]G; j08 / k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) ;DjGwL k|ltj4tf %)
k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df ljqmL ul/Psf] shf{ -Credit Purchase/Repurchase / Takeover) %)
clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance Payment Guarantee) !))
ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee) !))
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment) !))
cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj !))
Acceptance ;lxt cGo ;a} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx? !))
e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt (Unpaid Guarantee Claims) @))
l6Kk0fL
*/
o; k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotsf] n08gaf6 k|sflzt The Banker klqsfn] k|To]s jif{ h'nfO{ dlxgfdf
k|sfzg ug]{ Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf l7s cl3Nnf] jif{ ;dfj]z ePsf a}+sx?nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{5 .
pQm Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf gk/]sf] v08df zt k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
⊕ k|lttkqsf] cjlw u0fgf ubf{ k|lttkq vf]n]sf] z'?sf] ldltb]lvsf] cjlwnfO{ g} u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= k'FhLsf]if cg'kft lgwf{/0f ;"q
k'FhLsf]if cg'kftsf] lgwf{/0f lgDgfg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
k|fylds k'FhL
-s_= k|fylds k'FhL cg'kft Ö
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u × !))
k|fylds k'FhL ± k"/s k'FhL
-v_= k'FhLsf]if cg'kft Ö hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u × !))
jf;nftleqsf s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ± jf;nft aflx/sf
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] of]u Ö
s'n hf]lvd efl/t sf/f]af/
&= k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwdf k7fpg' kg]{ laj/0fx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] h'g;'s} avt klg tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{
kg]{5 . æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Capital Adequacy Framework, 2007 (Updated July, 2008) sf]
cg';"rL !=! df Joj:yf eP adf]lhd / ævÆ, æuÆ / æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|To]s dlxgfsf]
d;fGtsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx?sf] cfwf/df ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=! / !=@ adf]lhd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL ljj/0fx?
tof/ u/L cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu tyf
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] Ps dlxgf leq k7fO{ ;Sg' kg]{5 .
sy+sbflrt dfl;s ?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fP/ k]z ug{ g;s]df dfl;s ljj/0fdf ;f] Joxf]/f v'nfpg'
kg]{5 . t/, qodf;sf] cGTosf] ljj/0f eg] clgjfo{?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fP/ g} k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg ;lsg]
k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt gePsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] Joj;flos cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/L lng o; a}+sn]
cfjZos 7fg]df d"Nof+sg n]vfk/LIf0f -Due Diligence Audit, DDA_ u/fpg ;Sg]5 / ;f] jfkt nfUg] vr{
;DjlGwt ;+:yfn] g} e'StfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .

4
(= k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf gePdf x'g] sf/jfxL
-s_ æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf gu/]df
zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)^$ -Prompt Corrective Action, 2007– PCA_
adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
-v_ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{ g;s]df ;+rfns
;ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq k'FhLsf]if sfod /xg g;s]sf] sf/0f tyf k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt agfpg tof/
u/]sf] k'FhL of]hgf jf sfo{qmd ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L k]z ul/Psf] k|:tfljt of]hgf jf
sfo{qmddf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cjlwleq k'FhLsf]if sfod ul/;Sg' kg]{ u/L ;DjlGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt gePsf] cj:yfdf nfef+z tyf jf]g; z]o/ ljt/0f
ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'g} cfly{s jif{sf] jLrsf] s'g} cjlwdf tf]lsPsf]
cg'kftdf Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{ g;s]sf] ePtf klg ;f]xL cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf tf]lsPsf]
cg'kftdf Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ePsf] cfwf/df gub nfef+z tyf af]g; z]o/ ljt/0f ug{ kfO{g]
5}g . of] Joj:yfn] ;f] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf jfx\o n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|dfl0ft ljQLo ljj/0faf6
tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ePsf] cfwf/df :jLs[t k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/sf] af]g;
z]o/ 3f]if0ff÷ljt/0f ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'g} cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf jfx\o n]vfk/LIfsaf6
k|dfl0ft ljQLo ljj/0faf6 tf]lsPsf] cg'kftdf Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ePtf klg ;f] cfly{s jif{
;dfKt ePsf] ldltb]lv jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[lt lng] ldlt;Ddsf] cjlwdf lz3| ;'wf/fTds
sf/jfxL sfof{Gjog eO{ ;f] ldlt;Dd km's'jf gePsf] cj:yfdf nfef+z tyf af]g; z]o/
3f]if0ff÷ljt/0f ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
!)= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !÷)^^ af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt
;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

5
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=!
k'FhLsf]if tflnsf - s ju{ afx]s_
-?=xhf/df_
ljj/0f rfn" cjlw ut cjlw
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL
!_ r'Qmf k'FhL -;fwf/0f z]o/_
@_ k|:tfljt jf]g; z]o/
#_ z]o/ lk|ldod
$_ lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ z]o/
%_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
^_ ;l~rt gfkmf÷-gf]S;fg_
&_ jf;nftdf b]vfO{Psf] rfn' cf=j=sf] gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjsf] /sd
*_ k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if
(_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
!)_ sN; Og P8efG;
!!_ cGo :jtGq sf]ifx?
36fpg] M
— Voflt (Goodwill) jfktsf] /sd
— ;LdfeGbf a9L z]o/,;'/If0fkqdf nufgL ul/Psf] /sd
— ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] sDkgLsf] lwtf]kqdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd
— cjf:tljs ;DklQ
— o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/L :jk|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUuf vl/b
u/]sf] /sd
— ;LdfeGbf a9L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf;df nufgL
u/]sf] /sd .
— tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ljqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] z]o/ k|Tofe"lt .
— k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn] k|ltaGw u/]sf JolQm tyf ;d"xx?nfO{
k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ tyf ;'ljwfx?
-v_ k"/s k'FhL
!_ c;n shf{sf] nflu u/]sf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
@_ cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
#_ xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?
$_ ;'/If0f g/fv]sf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
%_ ;6xL ;lds/0f sf]if
^_ ;DklQ k"gd"{NofÍg sf]if
&_ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
-u_ hDdf k'FhLsf]if -s±v_
-3_ hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if
k'FhLsf]if - ================= k|ltzt_
k|fylds k'FhL -=================== k|ltzt_
k'FhLsf]if -clws÷Go"g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_
k|fylds k'FhL -clws÷Go"g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_

ldltM clws[t b:tvt

6
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !=@
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ljj/0f tflnsf - s ju{ afx]s_
-¿=xhf/df_
rfn' cjlw ut cjlw
-s_ jf;nft leqsf ;DklQx? (On-Balance-Sheet Assets) ef/
/sd efl/t ;DklQ /sd hf]lvd
hf]lvd efl/t
;DklQ
gub df}Hbft 0
;'g -ljlgdo of]Uo_ 0
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
cfˆg} d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g]u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] 0
shf{
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ 0
;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd (Accrued Interest) 0
ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf 0
ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd
:jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft÷ d'2lt /l;bsf] bfjL (Claims) 20
cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg 20
u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{
ljb]zL a}+sx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft 20
dfu]sf] avt k|fKt x'g] /sd (Money at Call) 20
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Uof/]06Ldf uPsf] shf{ 20
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+sdf u/]sf] cGo nufgL 20
cGt/ a}+s ;fk6L 20
z]o/, l8j]~r/ Pj+ a08df ePsf] nufgL 100
cGo nufgLx? 100
shf{, ;fk6 tyf ljN; vl/b÷l8:sfp06 ;d]t -s'n /sd_ 100
:yL/ ;DklQx? 100
Kffpg' kg]{ cGo v'b Aofh /sd 100
cGo ;a} ;DklQx? -v'b cu|Ld s/ bflvnf afx]s_ 100
;Ldf gf3]sf] l/on :6]6÷cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ 150
-s_ hDdf
-v_ jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]jf/x? (Off-balance sheet Items)
laN; sn]S;g )
clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo ;Demf}tf !)
^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq -k"/} /sd_ @)
cGt//fli6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf @)
hf/L u/]sf]] Uof/]06L
^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq –k"/} /sd_ %)
lj8a08, k/km/d]G; a08 / k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) ;DjGwL k|ltj4tf %)
k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df laqmL u/]sf]] shf{ %)
clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance payment Guarantee) !))
ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee) !))
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment) !))
cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj !))
Acceptance ;lxt cGo ;j} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx? !))
e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt (Unpaid Guarantee Claims) @))
-v_ hDdf
s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ hDdf -s_ + -v_
b|i6JoM != pNn]lvt zLif{sx?dWo] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm";Fu ;DjlGwt jf cfkm"n] ug{ kfpg] ljQLo sf/f]jf/x?;Fu
;DjlGwt zLif{sx? dfq k|of]udf Nofpg' kg]{5 .
@= cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t cGtu{t Top Thousand World Banks sf] ;"rLdf gk/]sf] v08df zt k|ltzt hf]lvd ef/
sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

7
 cg';"rL g+= !=!
Capital Adequacy Framework
2007
(updated July 2008)

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND:
Prior to 1988, there was no uniform international regulatory standard for setting bank capital requirements. In
1988, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)1 developed the Capital Accord, which is known as
Basel I, to align the capital adequacy requirements applicable especially to banks in G-10 countries. Basel I
introduced two key concepts. First, it defined what banks could hold as capital, as well as designating capital as
Tier 1 or Tier 2 according to its loss-absorbing or creditor-protecting characteristics. The second key concept
introduced in Basel I was that capital should be held by banks in relation to the risks that they face. The major
risks faced by banks relate to the assets held on balance sheet. Thus, Basel I calculated banks’ minimum capital
requirements as a percentage of assets, which are adjusted in accordance to their riskiness and assigning risk
weights to assets. Higher weights are assigned to riskier assets such as corporate loans, and lower weights are
assigned to less risky assets, such as exposures to government.
The BCBS released the "International Convergence of Capital Measurements and Capital Standards: Revised
Framework", popularly known as Basel II, on June 26, 2004. This framework was updated in November 2005 and
a comprehensive version of the framework was issued in June 2006. Basel II builds significantly on Basel I by
increasing the sensitivity of capital to key bank risks. In addition, Basel II recognizes that banks can face a
multitude of risks, ranging from the traditional risks associated with financial intermediation to the day-to-day
risks of operating a business as well as the risks associated with the ups and downs of the local and international
economies. As a result, the new framework more explicitly associates capital requirements with the particular
categories of major risks that banks face.
The new capital framework also recognizes that large, usually internationally active banks have already put in
place sophisticated approaches to risk measurement and management based on statistical inference rather than
judgement alone. Thus, the framework allows banks, under certain conditions, to use their own ‘internal’ models
and techniques to measure the key risks that they face, the probability of loss, and the capital required to meet
those losses. In developing the new framework, the Basel Committee wanted to incorporate many elements that
help promote a sound and efficient financial system over and above the setting of minimum capital requirements.
With this in mind, the Basel II framework incorporates three complementary ‘pillars’ that draw on the range of
approaches to help ensure that banks are adequately capitalised in commensurate with their risk profile.
The Basel Committees on Banking Supervision's (BCBS) recommendations on capital accord are important
guiding framework for the regulatory capital requirement to the banking industry all over the world and Nepal is
no exception. Realizing the significance of capital for ensuring the safety and soundness of the banks and the
banking system, at large, Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) has developed and enforced capital adequacy requirement
based on international practices with appropriate level of customization based on domestic state of market
developments. The existing regulatory capital is largely based on the Basel committee's 1988 recommendations.
With a view of adopting the international best practices, NRB has already expressed its intention to adopt the
Basel II framework, albeit in a simplified form. In line with the international development and thorough discussion
with the stakeholders, evaluation and assessment of impact studies at various phases, this framework has been
drafted. This framework provides the guidelines for the implementation of Basel II framework in Nepal.
Reminiscent of the International convergence of capital measurements and capital standards, this framework also
builds around three mutually reinforcing pillars, viz. minimum capital requirements, supervisory review process
and disclosure requirements.
1.2 OBJECTIVE:
The main objective of this framework is to develop safe and sound financial system by way of sufficient amount
of qualitative capital and risk management practices. This framework is intended to ensure that each commercial
banks maintain a level of capital which,
(i) is adequate to protect its depositors and creditors.
(ii) is commensurate with the risk associated activities and profile of the commercial bank.
(iii) promotes public confidence in the banking system.

1
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is a committee of banking supervisory authorities that was established by
the central bank governors of the Group of Ten countries in 1975. It consists of senior representatives of bank
supervisory authorities and central banks from Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the
Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It usually meets at the Bank for
International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland where its permanent Secretariat is located.

8
1.3 PRE-REQUISITES:
The effective implementation of this framework is dependent on various factors. Some such pre-requisites are:
(i) Implementation of Basel Core Principles for effective Banking Supervision
(ii) Adoption of the sound practices for the management of Operational Risk
(iii) Formulation and adoption of comprehensive risk management policy
(iv) Adherence to high degree of corporate governance
1.4 RESPONSIBILITY:
The board of directors of each bank shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining, at all times, an adequate
level of capital. The capital standards herein are the minimum that is acceptable for banks that are fundamentally
sound, well managed, and which have no material financial or operational weaknesses. Thus, the banks are
generally expected to operate above the limits prescribed by this framework.
1.5 SCOPE OF APPLICATION:
This framework shall be applicable to all "A" Class financial institutions licensed to conduct banking business in
Nepal under the Bank and Financial Institution Act, 2063.
This capital adequacy framework shall be applicable uniformly to all "A" class financial institutions on a stand-
alone basis and as well as on a consolidated basis, where the bank is member of a consolidated banking group. For
the purpose of capital adequacy, the consolidated bank means a group of financial entities, parent or holding
company of which a bank is a subsidiary. All banking and other relevant financial activities (both regulated and
unregulated) conducted within a group including a bank shall be captured through consolidation. Thus, majority
owned or controlled financial entities should be fully consolidated. If any majority owned subsidiaries institutions
are not consolidated for capital purposes, all equity and other regulatory capital investments in those entities
attributable to the group will be deducted and the assets and liabilities, as well as third party capital investments in
the subsidiary will be removed from the bank’s balance sheet for capital adequacy purposes.
1.6 APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTATION:
"International Convergence for Capital Measurements and Capital Standards: Revised Framework" alias Basel II
under Pillar 1, provides three distinct approaches for computing capital requirements for credit risk and three other
approaches for computing capital requirements for operational risk. These approaches for credit and operational
risks are based on increasing risk sensitivity and allow banks to select an approach that is most appropriate to the
stage of development of bank's operations.
The product and services offered by the Nepalese Banks are still largely primitive and conventional, in
comparison to other economies. This coupled with the various inherent limitations of our system like the absence
of credit rating agencies makes the advanced approaches like Internal Ratings Based Approach or even
Standardized Approach impractical and unfeasible. Thus, at this juncture, this framework prescribes Simplified
Standardized Approach (SSA) to measure credit risk while Basic Indicator Approach and an indigenous Net Open
Position Approach for measurement of Operational Risk and Market Risk respectively.
1.7 EFFECTIVE DATE:
All banks within the scope of this framework should adopt the prescribed approaches by Mid July 2008 (Fiscal
Year 2065/066).
1.8 PARALLEL RUN:
In order to ensure a smooth transition to new approach prescribed by this framework, a parallel run for the whole
year from Mid July 2007 (Fiscal Year 2064/065) was conducted. The returns submitted by the banks during this
period was minutely reviewed to identify any anomalies. The identified shortcoming on the returns was advised to
the bank management so that they could be rectified before we move onto full fledged implementation. Based on
the findings of the parallel run, amendments and modifications have been incorporated in the framework wherever
deemed necessary.
1.9 IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED APPROACHES:
This framework prescribes the most simplest of the available approaches at the initial phase with a vision to move
onto more complex and risk sensitive approaches as the market gradually gains maturity. However, banks willing
to adopt advanced approaches, even for internal purposes, should obtain prior written approval from Nepal Rastra
Bank on providing evidences that they have the resource and the capability to adopt the proposed approaches.
A bank will not be allowed to choose to revert to a simpler approach once it has been approved for a more
advanced approach without supervisory approval. However, if a supervisor determines that a bank using a more
advanced approach no longer meets the qualifying criteria for advanced approach, it may allow the bank to revert
to a simpler approach for some or all of its operations, until it meets the conditions specified by the supervisor for
returning to a more advanced approach.
2. ELIGIBLE CAPITAL FUNDS
2.1 DEFINITION OF CAPITAL:
Qualifying capital consists of Tier 1 (core) capital and Tier 2 (supplementary) capital elements, net of required
deductions from capital. Thus, for the purpose of calculation of regulatory capital, banks are required to classify
their capital into two parts as follows;

9
 a Core Capital (Tier 1)
The key element of capital on which the main emphasis should be placed is the Tier 1 (core) capital,
which comprises of equity capital and disclosed reserves. This key element of capital is the basis on
which most market judgments of capital adequacy are made; and it has a crucial bearing on profit
margins and a bank's ability to compete.
The BCBS has therefore concluded that capital, for supervisory purposes, should be defined in two tiers
in a way, which will have the effect of requiring at least 50% of a bank's capital base to consist of a core
element comprised of equity capital and published reserves from post-tax retained earnings.
In order to rank as Tier 1, capital must be fully paid up, have no fixed servicing or dividend costs attached
to it and be freely available to absorb losses ahead of general creditors. Capital also needs to have a very
high degree of permanence if it is to be treated as Tier 1.
b. Supplementary Capital (Tier 2)
The Supplementary (Tier 2) Capital includes reserves which, though unpublished, have been passed
through the profit and loss account and all other capital instruments eligible and acceptable for capital
purposes. Elements of the Tier 2 capital will be reckoned as capital funds up to a maximum of 100 percent
of Tier 1 capital arrived at, after making adjustments referred to in 2.4. In case, where the Tier 1 capital of
a bank is negative, the Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes shall be considered as zero and hence the
capital fund, in such cases, shall be equal to the core capital.
2.2 ELEMENTS OF TIER 1 CAPITAL:
a. Paid up Equity Capital.
b. Irredeemable non-cumulative preference shares which are fully paid-up and with the capacity to absorb
unexpected losses. These instruments should not contain any clauses whatsoever, which permit
redemption by the holder or issuer upon fulfillment of certain condition. Banks should obtain prior
approval of NRB for this kind of instruments to qualify as a component of core capital.
c. Share Premium
d. Proposed Bonus Equity Share
e. Statutory General Reserve.
f. Retained Earnings available for distribution to shareholders.
g. Un-audited current year cumulative profit, after all provisions including staff bonus and taxes. Where
such provisions are not made, this amount shall not qualify as Tier 1 capital.
h. Capital Redemption Reserves created in lieu of redeemable instruments.
i. Capital Adjustment reserves created in respect of increasing the capital base of the bank.
j. Dividend Equalization Reserves.
k. Any other type of reserves notified by NRB from time to time for inclusion in Tier 1 capital
2.3 ELEMENTS OF TIER 2 CAPITAL:
a. Cumulative and/or redeemable preference shares with maturity of five years and above.
b. Subordinated term debt fully paid up with a maturity of more than 5 years; unsecured and subordinated to
the claim of other creditors, free of restrictive clauses and not redeemable before maturity. Since,
subordinated term debt is not normally available to participate in the losses; the amount eligible for
inclusion in the capital adequacy calculations is limited to 50% of core capital. Moreover, to reflect the
diminishing value of these instruments as a continuing source of strength, a cumulative discount
(amortization) factor of 20% per annum shall be applied for capital adequacy computations, during the
last 5 years to maturity. The banks should obtain written approval of NRB for including any subordinated
debt instruments (like Debenture/Bonds) in supplementary (Tier-2) capital.
c. Hybrid capital instruments. Those instruments which combine certain characteristics of debt and certain
characteristics of equity. Each such instrument has a particular feature, which can be considered to affect
its quality as capital. Where these instruments have close similarities to equity, in particular when they
are able to support losses on an ongoing basis without triggering liquidation, they may be included in Tier
2 capital with approval from Nepal Rastra Bank.
d. General loan loss provision limited to a maximum of 1.25% of total Risk Weighted Exposures. General
loan loss provision refers to the provisions created in respect of Pass Loans only and it does not include
provisions of rescheduled/restructured and classified loans. The additional loan loss provisions created in
respect of Personal Guarantee loans and loans in excess of Single Obligor Limits are specific provisions
and hence cannot be included under this category. Such provisions however can be deducted from the
gross exposures while calculating risk weighted exposures for credit risk.
However, provisions created in excess of the regulatory requirements or provisions which is not
attributable to identifiable losses in any specific loans shall be allowed to be included in the General Loan
Loss Provision and shall be eligible for Tier II capital subject to a maximum of 1.25% of total risk
weighted exposures.

10
 e. Exchange equalization reserves created by banks as a cushion for unexpected losses arising out of
adverse movements in foreign currencies.
f. Investment adjustment reserves created as a cushion for adverse price movements in bank's investments
falling under “Available for Sale” category.
g. Revaluation reserves often serve as a cushion against unexpected losses but may not be fully available to
absorb unexpected losses due to the subsequent deterioration in market values and tax consequences of
revaluation. Therefore, revaluation reserves will be eligible up to 50% for treatment as Tier 2 capital and
limited to a maximum of 2% of total Tier 2 capital subject to the condition that the reasonableness of the
revalued amount is duly certified by the internal auditor of the bank.
h. Any other type of reserves notified by NRB from time to time for inclusion in Tier 2 capital
2.4 DEDUCTIONS FROM CORE (TIER 1) CAPITAL:
Banks shall be required to deduct the following from the Tier 1 capital for capital adequacy purposes. The claims
that have been deducted from core capital shall be exempt from risk weights for the measurement of credit risk.
a. Book value of goodwill.
b. Miscellaneous expenditure to the extent not written off. e.g. VRS expense, preliminary expense, share
issue expense, deferred revenue expenditure, etc. However, software expenditure or software
development expenditure, research and development expenditure, patents, copyrights, trademarks and
lease hold developments booked as deferred revenue expenditure are subject to 100% risk weight and
may not be deducted from Tier 1 capital.
c. Investment in equity of financial institutions licensed by Nepal Rastra Bank2.
d. All Investments in equity of institutions with financial interest.
e. Investments in equity of institutions in excess of the prescribed limits.
f. Investments arising out of underwriting commitments that have not been disposed within a year from the
date of commitment.
g. Reciprocal crossholdings of bank capital artificially designed to inflate the capital position of the bank.
h. Any other items as stipulated by Nepal Rastra Bank, from time to time.
2.5 CAPITAL FUNDS:
The capital fund is the summation of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital. The sum total of the different components of the
tier 2 capitals will be limited to the sum total of the various components of the Tier 1 capital net of deductions as
specified in 2.4. In case the Tier 1 capital is negative, Tier 2 capital shall be considered to be "Nil" for regulatory
capital adequacy purposes and hence, in such a situation, the capital fund shall be equal to the Tier 1 capital.
2.6 MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS:
Unless a higher minimum ratio has been set by Nepal Rastra Bank for an individual bank through a review
process, every bank shall maintain at all times, the capital requirement set out below:
a. A Tier 1 (core) capital of not less than 6 per cent of total risk weighted exposure;
b. A total capital fund of not less than 10 per cent of its total risk weighted exposure.
The Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is calculated by dividing eligible regulatory capital by total risk weighted
exposure. The total risk weighted exposure shall comprise of risk weights calculated in respect of bank's credit,
operational and market risks. The methodologies to calculate RWE for each of these risk categories are described
in detail in subsequent chapters.
3. CREDIT RISK
3.1 GENERAL:
Credit risk is the major risk that banks are exposed to during the normal course of lending and credit underwriting.
Within Basel II, there are two approaches for credit risk measurement: the standardized approach and the internal
ratings based (IRB) approach. Due to various inherent constraints of the Nepalese banking system, the
standardized approach in its simplified form, Simplified Standardized Approach (SSA), has been prescribed in the
initial phase.
3.2 SIMPLIFIED STANDARDIZED APPROACH (SSA):
In comparison to Basel I, SSA aligns regulatory capital requirements more closely with the key elements of
banking risk by introducing a wider differentiation of risk weights and a wider recognition of credit risk mitigation
techniques. The advantage of implementing this approach is twofold. This approach allows transitional advantage
for countries like us by avoiding excessive complexities associated with the advanced approaches of Basel II while
at the same time it will produce capital ratios more in line with the actual economic risks that banks are facing,
compared to the present Accord.

2
Investment in shares of Rural Development Banks and other institutions, where the waiver has been explicitly provided
by NRB are subject to risk weight of 100% and shall not be deducted from Tier 1 capital.

11
 Under this approach commercial banks are required to assign a risk weight to their balance sheet and off-balance
sheet exposures. These risk weights are based on a fixed weight that is broadly aligned with the likelihood of a
counterparty default. As a general rule, the claims that have already been deducted from the core capital shall be
exempt from risk weights for the measurement of credit risk.
Claims on foreign government, their central banks as well as foreign corporates shall be generally risk-weighed on
the basis of the consensus country risk scores of export credit agencies (ECA)3. Wherever there are claims relating
to unrated countries, they shall generally be risk weighed at 100 percent. However, these claim shall be subject to
supervisory review and higher risk weight shall be assigned where the review process deems appropriate.
All kinds of claims including loans & advances as well as investments shall be risk weighed net of specific
provisions. Generally provision related to any receivable or investment is not defined as general or specific. In
such situation, the total provision against any claim/exposure (other than the loans and advances) shall be
considered as specific provision. However, provisions eligible for the supplementary capital shall not be allowed
for netting while calculating risk weighted exposures.
In case of loans, advances and bills purchased the provisions created in lieu of Pass loans only are classified as
General loan loss provision. All other provisions are components of specific loan loss provision. Hence, general
loan loss provision doesn’t comprise provisions created in respect of rescheduled/restructured and non performing
loans. It also doesn’t include additional provisions created for personal guarantee loans or lending in excess of
Single Obligor Limits. However, provisions created in excess of the regulatory requirements and not attributable
to identifiable losses in any specific loans shall be allowed to be included in the General Loan Loss Provision.
In order to be consistent with the Basel-II framework, the credit risk for the regulatory capital purpose
shall be computed by segregating the exposure in the following 11 categories.
a) Claims on government & central bank
b) Claims on other official entities
c) Claims on banks
d) Claims on corporate & securities firms
e) Claims on regulatory retail portfolio
f) Claims secured by residential properties
g) Claims secured by commercial real state
h) Past due claims
i) High risk claims
j) Other assets
k) Off balance sheet items
3.3 RISK MEASUREMENT AND RISK WEIGHTS:
a. Claims on government & central bank
1. All claims on Government of Nepal and Nepal Rastra Bank shall be risk weighed at 0 %.
2. Claims on foreign government and their central banks shall be risk-weighted on the basis of the
consensus country risk scores as follows:
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 4 to 6 7
Risk weights 0% 20% 50% 100% 150%
b. Claims on other official entities
1. Claims on the Bank for International Settlements, the International Monetary Fund, the
European Central Bank and the European Community will receive a 0% risk weight.
2. Following Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) will be eligible for a 0% risk weight.
• World Bank Group, comprised of the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC),
• Asian Development Bank (ADB),
• African Development Bank (AfDB),
• European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD),
• Inter-American Development Bank (IADB),
• European Investment Bank (EIB),
• European Investment Fund (EIF),
• Nordic Investment Bank (NIB),
• Caribbean Development Bank (CDB),
• Islamic Development Bank (IDB), and

3 The consensus country risk classification is available on the OECD’s website (http://www.oecd.org) in the Export Credit
Arrangement web page of the Trade Directorate. Each bank while computing the risk weight in any claim should use the
updated risk score.

12
 • Council of Europe Development Bank (CEDB).
3. The standard risk weight for claims on other Multilateral Development Banks will be 100%.
4. Claims on public sector entities (PSEs)4 will be risk-weighed as per the ECA country risk
scores.
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%
c. Claims on banks
1. All claims, irrespective of currency, excluding investment in equity shares and other instruments
eligible for capital funds, on domestic banks/financial institutions that fulfill Capital Adequacy
Requirements will be risk weighed at 20% while for the rest, it will be 100%.
Banks should make use of the publicly available information of the immediately preceding
quarter of the respective banks to gauge their status on capital adequacy.
2. Claims on a foreign bank excluding investment in equity shares and other instruments eligible
for capital funds shall be risk weighed as per the ECA Country risk score subject to the floor of
20%. The primary basis for applying the ECA Country Risk score shall be the country of
incorporation of the bank. Where the bank is a branch office, the ECA score of the country
where the corporate office is located shall be used while in the case of a subsidiary the basis
shall be the country where the subsidiary is incorporated.
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 150%
However, the claims on foreign banks incorporated in the SAARC region and which operate
with a buffer of 1% above their respective regulatory minimum capital requirements may
be risk weighed at 20%. The banks shall be responsible to submit the latest capital adequacy
position of such banks and demonstrate that they fulfill the eligibility requirements. Such capital
adequacy position submitted by the banks should not be prior to more than one financial year.
Moreover, such claims shall be subject to a supervisory review and supervisors may require the
bank to risk weigh the claims on ECA country risk scores where the review process deems
necessary.
d. Claims on corporate & securities firms
1. The risk weight for claims on domestic corporates, including claims on insurance companies and
securities firm will be 100%. The domestic corporates includes all firms and companies
incorporated in Nepal as per prevailing Acts and regulations.
2. The claims on foreign corporate shall be risk weighed as per the ECA Country risk score subject
to the floor of 20% as follows:
ECA risk scores 0-1 2 3 4 to 6 7
Risk weights 20% 50% 100% 100% 150%
e. Claims on regulatory retail portfolio
1. Claims5 that qualify all criteria listed below may be considered as regulatory retail portfolio and
risk weighed at 75%, except for past due loans. Such claims however, have to be in strict
compliance with the Product paper developed by the bank and approved by their respective
board of directors
Criteria:
• Orientation criteria :- exposure is to an individual person or persons or to a small business.
Bank should obtain written declaration from the borrower to the effect that their
indebtedness is within the threshold across all banks and FIs..
• Product criteria :- The exposure takes the form of any of the following:
− Revolving credits and lines of credit, (including overdraft, hypothecation etc.)
− Term loans and leases (e.g. hire purchase, auto loans and leases, student and
educational loans6) and,
− Small business facilities and commitments,
− Deprived sector loans upto a threshold of Rs.10 million (Ten Million only)

4
Public sector entity (PSE) is one, which is owned or controlled by government or any other entity categorized as PSE
by NRB.
5
Lending against securities (such as equities and bonds) whether listed or not, are specifically excluded from this
category. Likewise credit card receivables are excluded from this category.
6
Personal finance includes overseas employment loan, home loan (to the extent they do not qualify for treatment as
claims secured by residential property), direct deprived sector loan.

13
 • Granularity criteria:- NRB must be satisfied that the regulatory retail portfolio is
sufficiently diversified to a degree that reduces the risks in the portfolio, warranting the 75%
risk weight. No aggregate exposure7 to one counterpart can exceed 0.5 % of the overall
regulatory retail portfolio.
• Low value individual criteria :- The total aggregated exposure to one counterpart8 cannot
exceed an absolute threshold of Rs.10 million (Nepalese Rupees Ten Million only)
2. Banks which have claims that fulfill all criterion except for granularity may risk weigh those
claims at 100%
f. Claims secured by residential properties
1. Lending to individuals meant for acquiring or developing residential property which are fully
secured by mortgages on residential property, that is or will be occupied by the borrower or that
is rented, will be risk-weighed at 60%. However, banks should ensure the existence of adequate
margin of security over the amount of loan based on strict valuation rules.
Banks have to develop product paper and get it approved from the board of directors to regulate
this kind of lending. The claims in order to be eligible for this category have to be in strict
compliance with this product paper
2. Where the loan is not fully secured, such claims have to risk weighed at 150%
3. When claims secured by residential properties are or have been past due9 at any point of time
during the last two years, they shall be risk-weighed at 100%, net of specific provisions.
g. Claims secured by commercial real estate
1. Claims secured by mortgages on commercial real estate, except past due, shall be risk-weighed
at 100%. Commercial real estate hereby refers to mortgage of Office buildings, retail space,
multi-purpose commercial premises, multi-family residential buildings, multi-tenanted
commercial premises, industrial or warehouse space, hotels, land acquisition, development and
construction etc.
h. Past due claims
1. Any loan, except for claim secured by residential property, which is or has been past due at any
point of time during the last two years, will be risk-weighed at 150% net of specific provision.
i. High risk claims
1. 150% risk weight shall be applied for venture capital and private equity investments.
2. Exposures on Personal loan in excess of the threshold of regulatory retail portfolio and lending
against securities (bonds and shares) shall attract a risk weight of 150%. Similarly, exposures on
credit card shall also warrant a risk weight of 150%.
3. Investments in the equity and other capital instruments of institutions, which are not listed in the
stock exchange and have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital, shall be risk weighed at 150%
net of provisions.
4. Investments in the equity and other capital instruments of institutions, which are listed in the
stock exchange and have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital, shall be risk weighed at 100%
net of provisions.
5. The claims which are not fully secured or are only backed up by personal guarantee shall attract
150% risk weight.
6. Where loan cannot be segregated/or identified as regulatory retail portfolio or qualifying
residential mortgage loan or under other categories, it shall be risk weighed at 150%.
j. Other assets
1. With regard to other assets, following provisions have been made;
• Interest receivable/claim on government securities will be risk-weighed at 0%.
• Investments in equity or regulatory capital instruments issued by securities firms will be
risk-weighed at 100%.
• Cash in transit and other cash items in the process of collection will be risk-weighed at 20%.
For this purpose, cash items shall include Cheque, Draft, and Travellers Cheques.
• Fictitious assets that have not been deducted from Tier 1 capital shall be risk weighed at
100%.
• All Other assets will be risk-weighed at 100% net of specific provision.

7
Aggregated exposure means gross amount (i.e. not taking any credit risk mitigation into account) of all forms of credit
exposures availed from the bank .
8
Counterpart refers to one or a group of borrowers defined by the NRB directives as a single obligor.
9
An exposure is past due if it falls into any other category other than Pass loan as per provisions of NRB directive on
Loan classification.

14
 k. Off balance sheet items
1. Off-balance sheet items under the simplified standardized approach will be converted into
equivalent risk weight exposure using risk weight as follows:
Off Balance Sheet Exposure Risk Weight
Any commitments those are unconditionally cancelable at any time by the bank without prior 0%
notice, or that effectively provide for automatic cancellation due to deterioration in a borrower’s
creditworthiness (for example bills under collection)
Forward exchange contracts. 10%
Short Term Trade-related contingencies 20%
Contingent liabilities arising from trade-related obligations, which are secured against an
underlying shipment of goods for both issuing and confirming bank and are short term in nature.
This includes documentary letters of credit, shipping guarantees issued and any other trade-related
contingencies with an original maturity up to six months.
Undertaking to provide a commitment on an off-balance sheet items 20%
10
Unsettled securities and foreign exchange transactions between bank to bank and between bank 20%
and customer
Long Term Trade-related contingencies 50%
Contingent liabilities arising from trade-related obligations, which are secured against an
underlying shipment of goods for both issuing and confirming bank and are long term in nature.
This includes documentary letters of credit, shipping guarantees issued and any other trade-related
contingencies with an original maturity of over six months
Performance-related contingencies 50%
Contingent liabilities, which involve an irrevocable obligation to pay a third party in the event that
counterparty fails to fulfill or perform a contractual non-monetary obligation, such as delivery of
goods by a specified date etc. This includes issue of performance bonds, bid bonds, warranties,
indemnities, underwriting commitments and standby letters of credit in relation to a non-monetary
obligation of counterparty under a particular transaction.
Long term irrevocable Credit Commitments 50%
Any un-drawn portion of committed credit lines sanctioned for a period of more than 1 year. This
shall include all unutilized limits in respect of revolving working capital loans except for trade
finance exposures e.g. Overdraft, Cash credit, working capital loan etc.
Short term irrevocable Credit Commitments 20%
Any un-drawn portion of committed credit lines sanctioned for a period of upto 1 year. This shall
include all unutilized limits in respect of revolving working capital loans except for trade finance
exposures e.g. Overdraft, Cash credit, working capital loan etc.
Repurchase agreements, securities lending, securities borrowing, reverse repurchase agreements 100%
and equivalent transactions
This includes sale and repurchase agreements and asset sales with recourse, where the credit risk
remains with the purchasing bank.
Direct credit substitutes 100%
Any irrevocable off-balance sheet obligations which carry the same credit risk as a direct
extension of credit, such as an undertaking to make a payment to a third party in the event that a
counterparty fails to meet a financial obligation or an undertaking to a counterparty to acquire a
potential claim on another party in the event of default by that party, constitutes a direct credit
substitute. This includes potential credit exposures arising from the issue of financial guarantees
and credit derivatives, confirmation of letters of credit (acceptances and endorsements), issue of
standby letters of credit serving as financial guarantees for loans, securities and any other financial
liabilities, and bills endorsed under bill endorsement lines (but which are not accepted by, or have
the prior endorsement of, another bank).
Unpaid portion of partly paid shares and securities 100%
Other Contingent Liabilities 100%

10
An unsettled transaction is one where delivery of the instrument is due to take place against receipt of cash, but which
remain unsettled five business days after the due settlement date.

15
3.4 CREDIT RISK MITIGATION:
Banks may use a number of techniques to mitigate the risks to which they are exposed. The prime objective of this
provision is to encourage the banks to manage credit risk in a prudent and effective manner. As such, credit risks
exposures may be collateralized11 in whole or in part with cash or securities, or a loan exposure may be guaranteed
by a third party. Where these various techniques meet the minimum conditions mentioned below, banks which
take eligible financial collateral are allowed to reduce their credit exposure to counterparty when calculating their
capital requirements to take account of the risk mitigating effect of the collateral. However, credit risk mitigation
is allowed only on an account by account basis, even within regulatory retail portfolio.
As a general rule, no secured claim should receive a higher capital requirement than an otherwise identical claim
on which there is no collateral. Similarly, the effects of the CRM shall not be double counted and capital
requirement will be applied to banks on either side of the collateralized transaction: for example, both repos and
reverse repos will be subject to capital requirements.
Those portions of claims collateralized by the market value of recognized collateral receive the risk weight
applicable to the collateral instrument. The remainder of the claim should be assigned the risk weight appropriate
to the counter party.
Where the same security has been pledged for both the funded and non funded facilities, banks should clearly
demarcate the value of security held for funded and non funded facility. In cases where the bank has obtained
same security for various forms of facilities; banks are eligible to claim the CRM benefit across all such exposures
upto the eligible value of CRM.
a. Minimum conditions for eligibility:
In order to obtain capital relief towards credit risk mitigation, there are certain basic condition that needs
to be fulfilled. Supervisors will monitor the extent to which banks satisfy these conditions, both at the
outset of a collateralized transaction and on an on-going basis.
1. Legal certainty:- Collateral is effective only if the legal mechanism by which collateral is given
is robust and ensures that the lender has clear rights over the collateral to liquidate or retain it in
the event of default. Thus, banks must take all necessary steps to fulfill local contractual
requirements in respect of the enforceability of security interest. The collateral arrangements
must be properly documented, with a clear and robust procedure for the timely liquidation of
collateral. A bank's procedures should ensure that any legal conditions required for declaring the
default of the customer and liquidating the collateral are observed. Where the collateral is held
by a custodian, the bank must seek to ensure that the custodian ensures adequate segregation of
the collateral instruments and the custodian's own assets. Besides that, banks must obtain legal
opinions confirming the enforceability of the collateral arrangements in all relevant jurisdictions.
2. Low correlation with exposure:- In order for collateral to provide protection, the credit quality of
the obligor and the value of the collateral must not have a material positive correlation. For
example, securities issued by the collateral provider - or by any related group entity - would
provide little protection and so would be ineligible.
3. Maturity Mismatch:- The maturity of the underlying exposure and the maturity of the hedge
should both be defined conservatively. The effective maturity of the underlying should be
gauged as the longest possible remaining time before the obligor is scheduled to fulfill its
obligation. The collateral must be pledged for at least the life of the exposure. In case of
mismatches in the maturity of the underlying exposure and the collateral, it shall not be eligible
for CRM benefits.
4. Currency Mismatch:- Ideally the currency of the underlying exposure and the collateral should
be the same. Where the credit exposure is denominated in a currency that differs from that in
which the underlying exposure is denominated, there is a currency mismatch. Where
mismatches occur, it shall be subject to supervisory haircut of 10%.
5. Risk Management:- While CRM reduces credit risk, it simultaneously may increase other risks
to which a bank is exposed, such as legal, operational, liquidity and market risks. Therefore, it is
imperative that banks employ robust procedures and processes to control these risks, including
strategy; consideration of the underlying credit; valuation; policies and procedures; systems;
control of roll-off risks; and management of concentration risk arising from the bank's use of
CRM techniques and its effect with the bank's overall credit profile. In case where these
requirements are not fulfilled, NRB may not recognize the benefit of CRM techniques.
6. Qualifying criteria for guarantee:- A guarantee (counter guarantee) to be eligible must represent
a direct claim on the protection provider and must be explicitly referenced to specific exposures

11
A collateralized transaction is one in which: a) banks have a credit exposure or potential credit exposure; and b) that
credit exposures or potential credit exposure is hedged in whole or in part by collateral posted by the counter party or
by a third party on behalf of the counter party.

16
 or a pool of exposures, so that the extent of the cover is clearly defined and irrefutable. Other
than non-payment by a protection purchaser of money due in respect of the credit protection
contract it must be irrevocable in that there must be no clause in the contract that would increase
the effective cost of cover as a result of deteriorating credit quality in the hedged exposure. It
must also be unconditional in that there should be no clause in the protection contract outside the
control of the bank that could prevent the protection provider from being obliged to pay out in a
timely manner in the event that the original counter party fails to make the payments due.
On the qualifying default or non-payment of the counter party, the bank may in a timely manner
pursue the guarantor for any monies outstanding under the documentation governing the
transaction. The guarantor may make one lump sum payment of all monies under such
documentation to the bank, or the guarantor may assume the future payment obligations of the
counter party covered by the guarantee. The bank must have the right to receive any such
payments from the guarantor without first having to take legal actions in order to pursue the
counter party payment.
b. Eligible Collaterals:
1. Cash deposit (as well as certificates of deposit or fixed deposits or other deposits) with the bank.
The banks may only claim these as CRM only if it has specific authority to recover the amount
from this source in case of default.
2. Fixed Deposit Receipts/Certificates of deposits/other deposits of other Banks and FIs, who fulfill
the capital adequacy requirements, subject to a 20% supervisory haircut.
3. Gold.
4. Securities issued by the Government of Nepal and Nepal Rastra Bank.
5. Guarantee of the Government of Nepal
6. Financial guarantee/counter guarantee of domestic banks and FIs who meet the minimum capital
adequacy requirements subject to a haircut of 20%.
7. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by sovereigns.
8. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by MDBs in the list specified in 3.3 b
(3 & 4)
9. Securities/Financial guarantee/Counter guarantee issued by banks with ECA rating 2 or better.
The supervisory haircut shall be 20% and 50% for the banks with ECA rating of 0-1 and 2
respectively.
c. Methodology for using CRM
Step 1: Identify the accounts eligible for capital relief under credit risk mitigation.
Step 2: Assess the value of the exposure and the eligible collateral. The value of the eligible collateral is
the lower of the face value of the instrument or the outstanding amount of exposure
Step 3: Adjust the value of the eligible collateral in respect of the supervisory haircut in terms of
currency mismatch and other eligibility requirements.
Step 4: Compare the adjusted value of the collateral with the outstanding exposure.
Step 5: The value of the eligible CRM is the lower of the adjusted value of the collateral and the
outstanding exposure.
Step 6: Plot the eligible CRM in the appropriate category of credit risk.
The sum total of net amount of eligible CRM as per “Form No.4 Exhibit of claims with eligible credit
risk mitigants” shall be consistent with the “Form No.3 Eligible Credit Risk Mitigants” prescribed in this
framework.
4. OPERATIONAL RISK
4.1 GENERAL:
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate internal processes, people, and systems, or from
external events. Operational risk itself is not a new concept, and well run banks have been addressing it in their
internal controls and corporate governance structures. However, applying an explicit regulatory capital charge
against operational risk is a relatively new and evolving idea. Basel II requires banks to hold capital against the
risk of unexpected loss that could arise from the failure of operational systems.
The most important types of operational risk involve breakdowns in internal controls and corporate governance.
Such breakdowns can lead to financial losses through error, fraud, or failure to perform in a timely manner or
cause the interests of the bank to be compromised in some other way, for example, by its dealers, lending officers
or other staff exceeding their authority or conducting business in an unethical or risky manner. Other aspects of
operational risk include major failure of information technology systems or events such as major fires or other
disasters.

17
4.2 BASIC INDICATOR APPROACH:
Under the basic indicator approach, banks must hold capital for operational risk equal to the average over the
previous three years of a fixed percentage (denoted alpha) of positive annual gross income.
The capital charge for operational risk may be expressed as follows:
KBIA = [∑(GI1..n × α)]/N
where:
KBIA = capital charge under the Basic Indicator Approach
GI = annual gross income, where positive, over the previous three years
N = number of the previous three years for which gross income is positive
α = 15 percent.
NRB shall review the capital requirement produced by this approach for general credibility, especially in relation
to a bank's peers and in the event that credibility is lacking, appropriate supervisory action under Review Process
shall be considered.
Figures for the year, in which annual gross income is negative or zero, should be excluded from both the
numerator and denominator while calculating the average. In case where the gross income for all of the last three
years is negative, 5% of total credit and investments net of specific provisions shall be considered as the capital
charge for operational risk. For this purpose investments shall comprise of money at call, placements, investment
in government securities and other investments irrespective of currency.
Similarly, in case of new banks who have not completed an year of operation and hence whose average gross
income cannot be measured reliably, they shall also be required to compute their capital charge for operational risk
vide the same approach as prescribed for banks with negative gross income. These banks may use the gross
income approach from second year onwards. But, based on the reasonableness of the so computed capital charge
for Operation Risk, during the first three years of operation, review process may require additional proportion of
capital charge if deemed necessary.
4.3 GROSS INCOME:
Gross income is defined as "net Interest Income" plus "non interest income". It is intended that this measure
should:
a. be gross of any provisions (e.g. for unpaid interest) and write-offs made during the year;
b. be gross of operating expenses, exclude reversal during the year in respect of provisions and write-offs
made during the previous year(s);
c. exclude income/gain recognized from the disposal of items of movable and immovable property;
d. exclude realized profits/losses from the sale of securities in the “held to maturity” category;
e. exclude other extraordinary or irregular items of income and expenditure
Thus, for the purpose of capital adequacy requirements, gross income shall be summation of:
a. Total operating income as disclosed in Profit and Loss account prepared as per NRB directive no.4. The
total operating income comprises of:
1. Net Interest Income
2. Commission and Discount Income
3. Other Operating Income
4. Exchange Fluctuation Income
b. Addition/deduction in the Interest Suspense during the period.
Banks shall use the annual audited financials of the last three years for the computation of gross income under this
approach. Hence, the capital requirement for operational risk for a whole financial year shall remain constant.
Until the accounts are finalized for the financial year, banks shall use the provisional figures for the period, which
should be validated by the internal auditor of the bank.
4.4 COMPUTATION OF RISK WEIGHT:
Operational risk-weighted assets are determined by multiplying the operational risk capital charge by 10 (i.e., the
reciprocal of the minimum capital ratio of 10%) and adding together with the risk weighted exposures for credit
risk.
5. MARKET RISK
5.1 DEFINITION OF MARKET RISK:
Market risk is defined as the risk of losses in on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet positions arising from adverse
movements in market prices. The major constituents of market risks are:
a. The risks pertaining to interest rate related instruments;
b. Foreign exchange risk (including gold positions) throughout the bank; and
c. The risks pertaining to investment in equities and commodities.

18
5.2 SEGREGATION OF INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO:
Banks will have to segregate their investment portfolio into any of following three categories:
a. Held for Trading:
An investment that is made for the purpose of generating a profit from short term fluctuations in price
should be classified under this category. An asset should be classified as held for trading even if it is a
part of a portfolio of similar assets for which there is a pattern of trading for the purpose of generating a
profit from short term fluctuations in price. These investments should be marked to market on a daily
basis and differences reflected in the profit and loss account.
b. Held to Maturity:
The investments made with positive intent and ability of the bank to hold till maturity should be classified
as held to maturity investments. The bank does not have the positive intent to hold an investment to
maturity, if any of the following conditions are met:
1. Bank has the intent and the ability to hold the asset for only an undefined period; or
2. Bank stands ready to sell the asset (other than if a situation arises that is non-recurring and could
not have been reasonably anticipated) in response to changes in market interest rates or risks,
liquidity needs, changes in the availability of and the yield on alternative investments, changes
in financing sources and terms, or changes in foreign currency risk.
The held to maturity investments should be valued at amortised cost i.e. the cost price less any
impairments (if applicable). The impairments should be included in the profit and loss accounts for the
period.
c. Available for Sale:
All other investments that are neither "held for trading" nor "held to maturity" should be classified under
this category. These investments should be marked to market on a regular basis and the difference to be
adjusted through reserves. Banks are required to maintain Investment Adjustment Reserve (eligible as
Tier 2 capital) to the extent of 2% of available for sale portfolio.
5.3 NET OPEN POSITION APPROACH:
Out of the various components of market risk, foreign exchange risk is the predominant risk in our country. The
effects of other forms of market risk are minimal. Thus, a net open position approach has been devised to measure
the capital requirement for market risk. As evidenced by its name, this approach only addresses the risk of loss
arising out of adverse movements in exchange rates. This approach will be consolidated over time to incorporate
other forms of market risks as they start to gain prominence.
The designated Net Open Position approach requires banks to allocate a fixed proportion of capital in terms of its
net open position. The banks should allocate 5 percentage of their net open positions as capital charge for market
risk.
5.4 NET OPEN POSITION:
Net open position is the difference between the assets and the liability in a currency. In other words, it is the
uncovered volume of asset or liability which is exposed to the changes in the exchange rates of currencies. For
capital adequacy requirements the net open position includes both net spot positions as well as net forward
positions.
For capital adequacy purposes, banks should calculate their net open position in the following manner:
a. Calculate the net open position in each of the foreign currencies.
b. Convert the net open positions in each currency to NPR as per prevalent exchange rates.
c. Aggregate the converted net open positions of all currencies, without paying attention to long or short
positions.
d. This aggregate shall be the net open position of the bank.
5.5 COMPUTATION OF RISK WEIGHT:
Risk-weighted assets in respect of market risk are determined by multiplying the capital charges by 10 (i.e., the
reciprocal of the minimum capital ratio of 10%) and adding together with the risk weighted exposures for credit
risk.
6. REVIEW PROCESS
6.1 GENERAL:
The supervisory review process of the framework is intended not only to ensure that banks have adequate capital
to support all the risks in their business, but also to encourage banks to develop and use better risk management
techniques in monitoring and managing their risks. It is the responsibility of the bank management in developing
an internal capital assessment process and setting capital targets that are commensurate with the bank’s risk profile
and control environment beyond the core minimum requirements.
Nepal Rastra Bank recognizes the significance of the relationship between the amount of capital held by the bank
against its risks and the strength and effectiveness of the bank’s risk management and internal control processes.

19
 However, increased capital should not be viewed as the only option for addressing increased risks confronting the
bank. Other means for addressing risk, such as strengthening risk management, applying internal limits,
strengthening the level of provisions and reserves, and improving internal controls, must also be considered.
Furthermore, capital should not be regarded as a substitute for addressing fundamentally inadequate control or risk
management processes.
There are three main areas that is particularly suited to treatment under this process: risks considered under
minimum capital requirements which are not fully captured it (e.g. credit concentration risk); those factors not
taken into account by the minimum capital requirements (e.g. business and strategic risk); and factors external to
the bank (e.g. business cycle effects).
In order to achieve the objectives of the supervisory review process, this process has been broadly divided into
three parts:
a. Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP)
b. Supervisory Review
c. Supervisory Response
6.2 INTERNAL CAPITAL ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT PROCESS:
The internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP) is a comprehensive process which requires board and
senior management oversight, monitoring, reporting and internal control reviews at regular intervals to ensure the
alignment of regulatory capital requirement with the true risk profile of the bank and thus ensure long-term safety
and soundness of the bank. The key components of an effective ICAAP are discussed below.
a. Board and senior management oversight
Bank management is responsible for understanding the nature and level of risk being taken by the bank
and how this risk relates to adequate capital levels. It is also responsible for ensuring that the formality
and sophistication of the risk management processes is commensurate with the complexity of its
operations. A sound risk management process, thus, is the foundation for an effective assessment of the
adequacy of a bank’s capital position.
The board of directors of the bank are responsible for setting the bank’s tolerance for risks. The board
should also ensure that management establishes a mechanism for assessing various risks; develops a
system to relate these risks to the bank’s capital level and sets up a method for monitoring compliance
with internal policies. It is equally important that the board instills strong internal controls and thereby an
effective control environment through adoption of written policies and procedures and ensures that the
policies and procedures are effectively communicated throughout the bank.
The analysis of a bank’s current and future capital requirements in relation to its strategic objectives is a
vital element of the strategic planning process. The strategic plan should clearly outline the bank’s capital
needs, anticipated capital expenditures, desirable capital level, and external capital sources. Senior
management and the board should view capital planning as a crucial element in being able to achieve its
desired strategic objectives.
b. Sound capital assessment
Another crucial component of an effective ICAAP is the assessment of capital. In order to be able to
make a sound capital assessment the bank should, at minimum, have the following:
• Policies and procedures designed to ensure that the bank identifies, measures, and reports all
material risks;
• A process that relates capital to the level of risk;
• A process that states capital adequacy goals with respect to risk, taking account of the bank’s
strategic focus and business plan; and
• A process of internal control, reviews and audit to ensure the integrity of the overall management
process.
c. Comprehensive assessment of risks
All material risks faced by the bank should be addressed in the capital assessment process. Nepal Rastra
Bank recognizes that not all risks can be measured precisely. However, bank should develop a process to
estimate risks with reasonable certainties. In order to make a comprehensive assessment of risks, the
process should, at minimum, address the following forms of risk.
1. Credit risk: Banks should have methodologies that enable them to assess the credit risk
involved in exposures to individual borrowers or counterparties as well as at the portfolio level.
The credit review assessment of capital adequacy, at a minimum, should cover risk rating
systems, portfolio analysis/aggregation, large exposures and risk concentrations.
Internal risk ratings are an important tool in monitoring credit risk. Internal risk ratings should
be adequate to support the identification and measurement of risk from all credit exposures, and
should be integrated into an institution’s overall analysis of credit risk and capital adequacy. The
ratings system should provide detailed ratings for all assets, not only for problem assets.

20
2. Credit concentration risk: Risk concentrations are arguably the single most important cause of
major problems in banks. A risk concentration is any single exposure or group of exposures with
the potential to produce losses large enough (relative to a bank’s capital, total assets, or overall
risk level) to threaten a bank’s health or ability to maintain its core operations.
Lending being the primary activity of most banks, credit risk concentrations are often the most
material risk concentrations within a bank. However, risk concentrations can arise in a bank’s
assets, liabilities, or off-balance sheet items, through the execution or processing of transactions
(either product or service), or through a combination of exposures across these broad categories.
Credit risk concentrations are based on common or correlated risk factors, which, in times of
stress, have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of each of the individual counterparties
making up the concentration.
Such credit concentrations are not addressed in the minimum capital requirements for credit risk.
Thus, Banks should have in place effective internal policies, systems and controls to identify,
measure, monitor, and control their credit risk concentrations. Banks should explicitly consider
the extent of their credit risk concentrations in their assessment of capital adequacy under review
process. These policies should cover the different forms of credit risk concentrations to which a
bank may be exposed to. Such concentrations include but are not limited to:
• Significant exposures to an individual counterparty or group of related counterparty. Banks
might also establish an aggregate limit for the management and control of all of its large
exposures as a group;
• Credit exposures to counterparties in the same economic sector or geographic region;
• Credit exposures to counterparties whose financial performance is dependent on the same
activity or commodity; and
• Indirect credit exposures arising from a bank’s CRM activities (e.g. exposure to a similar
type of collateral or credit protection provided by a single counterparty or same collateral in
cases of multiple banking).
A bank’s framework for managing credit risk concentrations should be clearly documented and
should include a definition of the credit risk concentrations relevant to the bank and how these
concentrations and their corresponding limits are calculated. Limits should be defined in relation
to a bank’s capital, total assets or, where adequate measures exist, its overall risk level. A bank’s
management should conduct periodic stress tests of its major credit risk concentrations and
review the results of those tests to identify and respond to potential changes in market conditions
that could adversely impact the bank’s performance.
3. Operational risk: The failure to properly manage operational risk can result in a misstatement
of an institution’s risk/return profile and expose the institution to significant losses. Gross
income, used in the Basic Indicator Approach is only a proxy for the scale of operational risk
exposure of a bank and can in some cases underestimate the need for capital. Thus, Banks
should develop a framework for managing operational risk and evaluate the adequacy of capital
as prescribed by this framework. The framework should cover the bank’s appetite and tolerance
for operational risk, as specified through the policies for managing this risk, including the extent
and manner in which operational risk is transferred outside the bank. It should also include
policies outlining the bank’s approach to identifying, assessing, monitoring and
controlling/mitigating the risk.
4. Market risk: The prescribed approach for the computation of capital charge for market risk is
very simple and thus may not be directly aligned with the magnitude of risk. Likewise, the
approach only incorporates risks arising out of adverse movements in exchange rates while
ignoring other forms of risks like interest rate risk and equity risks. Thus, banks should develop
a framework that addresses these various forms of risk and at the same time perform stress tests
to evaluate the adequacy of capital.
The use of internal models by the bank for the measurement of market risk is highly encouraged.
Wherever bank's make use of internal models for computation of capital charge for market risks,
the bank management should ensure the adequacy and completeness of the system regardless of
the type and level of complexity of the measurement system as the quality and reliability of the
measurement system is largely dependent on the quality of the data and various assumptions
used in the model.
5. Liquidity risk: Liquidity is crucial to the ongoing viability of any financial institution. The
capital positions can have a telling effect on institution’s ability to obtain liquidity, especially in
a crisis. Each bank must have adequate systems for measuring, monitoring and controlling
liquidity risk. Banks should evaluate the adequacy of capital given their own liquidity profile
and the liquidity of the markets in which they operate. Banks are also encouraged to make use of
stress testing to determine their liquidity needs and the adequacy of capital.

21
 6. Other risks: Although the ‘other’ risks, such as reputational and strategic risk, are not easily
measurable, banks are expected to take these into consideration as well while deciding on the
level of capital.
d. Monitoring and reporting
The bank should establish an adequate system for monitoring and reporting risk exposures and assessing
how the bank’s changing risk profile affects the need for capital. The bank’s senior management or board
of directors should, on a regular basis, receive reports on the bank’s risk profile and capital needs. These
reports should allow senior management to:
• Evaluate the level and trend of material risks and their effect on capital levels;
• Evaluate the sensitivity and reasonableness of key assumptions used in the capital assessment
measurement system;
• Determine that the bank holds sufficient capital against the various risks and is in compliance with
established capital adequacy goals; and
• Assess its future capital requirements based on the bank’s reported risk profile and make necessary
adjustments to the bank’s strategic plan accordingly.
e. Internal control review
The bank’s internal control structure is essential to a sound capital assessment process. Effective control
of the capital assessment process includes an independent review and, where appropriate, the
involvement of internal or external audits. The bank’s board of directors has a responsibility to ensure
that management establishes a system for assessing the various risks, develops a system to relate risk to
the bank’s capital level, and establishes a method for monitoring compliance with internal policies. The
board should regularly verify whether its system of internal controls is adequate to ensure well-ordered
and prudent conduct of business.
The bank should conduct periodic reviews of its risk management process to ensure its integrity,
accuracy, and reasonableness. Key areas that should be reviewed include:
• Appropriateness of the bank’s capital assessment process given the nature, scope and complexity of
its activities;
• Identification of large exposures and risk concentrations;
• Accuracy and completeness of data inputs into the bank’s assessment process;
• Reasonableness and validity of scenarios used in the assessment process; and
• Stress testing and analysis of assumptions and inputs.
6.3 SUPERVISORY REVIEW:
Nepal Rastra Bank shall regularly review the process by which a bank assesses its capital adequacy, risk positions,
resulting capital levels, and quality of capital held by a bank. Supervisors shall also evaluate the degree to which a
bank has in place a sound internal process to assess capital adequacy. The emphasis of the review should be on the
quality of the bank’s risk management and controls and should not result in supervisors functioning as bank
management. The periodic review can involve any or a combination of:
• On-site examinations or inspections;
• Off-site review;
• Discussions with bank management;
• Review of work done by external auditors (provided it is adequately focused on the necessary capital issues);
and
• Periodic reporting.
Some of the key areas which will be reviewed during the supervisory review process are discussed hereunder
a. Review of adequacy of risk assessment
NRB shall assess the degree to which internal targets and processes incorporate the full range of material
risks faced by the bank. Supervisors shall also review the adequacy of risk measures used in assessing
internal capital adequacy and the extent to which these risk measures are also used operationally in
setting limits, evaluating business line performance, and evaluating and controlling risks more generally.
Supervisors shall consider the results of sensitivity analyses and stress tests conducted by the institution
and how these results relate to capital plans.
b. Assessment of capital adequacy
NRB shall review the bank’s processes to determine that:
• Target levels of capital chosen are comprehensive and relevant to the current operating environment;
• These levels are properly monitored and reviewed by senior management; and
• The composition of capital is appropriate for the nature and scale of the bank’s business.

22
 NRB shall also consider the extent to which the bank has provided for unexpected events in setting its
capital levels. This analysis should cover a wide range of external conditions and scenarios, and the
sophistication of techniques and stress tests used should be commensurate with the bank’s activities.
c. Assessment of the control environment
NRB shall consider the quality of the bank’s management information reporting and systems, the manner
in which business risks and activities are aggregated, and management’s record in responding to
emerging or changing risks. In all instances, the capital level at an individual bank should be determined
according to the bank’s risk profile and adequacy of its risk management process and internal controls.
External factors such as business cycle effects and the macroeconomic environment should also be
considered.
d. Supervisory review of compliance with minimum standards
In order to obtain relief as per this framework banks are required to observe number of requirements,
including risk management standards and disclosures. In particular, banks will be required to disclose
features of their internal methodologies used in calculating minimum capital requirements. As part of the
supervisory review process, supervisors must ensure that these conditions are being met on an ongoing
basis. Likewise, the supervisors must ensure that qualifying criteria as specified in the framework are
continuously being met as these criteria are developed as benchmarks that are aligned with bank
management expectations for effective risk management and capital allocation.
e. Significance of risk transfer
Securitization or credit sale agreements with recourse may be carried out for purposes other than credit
risk transfer (e.g. funding). Where this is the case, there might still be a limited transfer of credit risk.
However, for an originating bank to achieve reductions in capital requirements, the risk transfer arising
from a securitization or credit sale has to be deemed significant by the NRB. If the risk transfer is
considered to be insufficient or non existent, NRB can require the application of a higher capital
requirement or, alternatively, may deny a bank from obtaining any capital relief from the securitization or
transfer agreements. Therefore, the capital relief that can be achieved will correspond to the amount of
credit risk that is effectively transferred.
f. Credit Risk Mitigants
In case when the eligibility requirements are not fulfilled, NRB will not consider Credit Risk Mitigants in
allocating capital. Similarly, CRM may give rise to residual risks, which may render the overall risk
reduction less effective. Where, these risks are not adequately controlled by the bank, NRB may impose
additional capital charges or take other appropriate supervisory actions.
g. Operational risk and Market Risk
The framework prescribes simple approaches for allocating capital for operational and market risk which
may not be directly aligned with the volume and complexity of risk. Thus, the supervisor shall consider
whether the capital requirements generated by the prescribed approaches gives a consistent picture of the
individual bank's risk exposure in comparison with the peer group and the banking industry at large.
Where NRB is convinced such is not the case, appropriate supervisory response is warranted.
h. Market Discipline
The framework requires banks to disclose various key information about their business on a periodic
basis. It is imperative that the banks discharge their obligations under the disclosure requirements in order
to be eligible to claim benefits of CRM. In line with the utmost significance of this requirement, the
supervisor shall review the adequacy of the disclosures. As a part of this process itself, the supervisor
shall regularly review the website of the banks and review the contents of the site. Wherever the review
process identifies any shortcomings or non-compliances, appropriate supervisory response shall be
initiated.
6.4 SUPERVISORY RESPONSE:
Nepal Rastra Bank expects banks to operate above the minimum regulatory capital ratios. Wherever, NRB is not
convinced about the risk management practices and the control environment, it has the authority to require banks
to hold capital in excess of the minimum.
a. Supervisory adjustments in risk weighted assets and capital
Having carried out the review process as described above, supervisors should take appropriate action if
they are not satisfied with the results of the bank’s own risk assessment and capital allocation. In such a
scenario, NRB shall be empowered to undertake any or combination of the following adjustments in the
banks risk weighted assets and regulatory capital computations.
1. Shortfall in provisions made by the bank against adversely classified assets shall be deducted
from the Tier 1 capital.
2. The loans and facilities extended to Directors, Employees (other than loans given under
Employee rules), Shareholders holding more than 1% percent shares and related parties as well

23
 as loans, advances and facilities restricted by the prevailing rules and regulations shall be
deducted from Tier 1 capital.
3. In case the bank has provided loans and facilities in excess of its Single Obligor Limits, 10% of
all such excess exposures shall be added to the risk weighted exposure for credit risk.
4. Where the bank has been involved in the sale of credit with recourse facility, 1% of the contract
(sale) value shall be added to the risk weight for credit risk.
5. Where the banks do not have satisfactory Assets Liability Management policies and practices to
effectively manage the market risks, an additional risk weight of 1% of Net Interest Income shall
be added to the risk weight for market risk.
6. Where the bank's net liquid asset to total deposit ratio is less than 20%, a risk weight of 1% (as
given in the table below) of total deposit, for each percent or portion of percent shortfall in such
ratio, is added to total of the Risk Weighted Exposures.
Net liquid asset to total deposit ratio A risk weight to be added to the Risk Weighted Exposures
19% - less than 20% 1% of total deposit
18% - less than 19% 2% of total deposit
17% - less than 18% 3% of total deposit
16% - less than 17% 4% of total deposit
15% - less than 16% 5% of total deposit and so on.
For this purpose, liquid assets include cash and bank balances, money at call & short notice, placement
upto 90 days and investment in government securities. Borrowings repayable upto 90 days is deducted
from liquid assets to obtain net liquid assets.
Note: Aforesaid Provision shall be effective from Falgun end 2066 BS.
7. Where the banks do not adopt sound practices for the management of operational risk, an
additional capital charge of 2% of Gross Income shall be levied for operational risks.
8. Where the Gross Income determined for computation of capital charge of Operational Risk for
all of the last three years is negative and where the banks themselves have not addressed the
capital charge for operational risk, 5% of the total credit and investments net of specific
provisions shall be the capital charge for operational risk.
New banks who have not completed an year of operation and hence whose gross income cannot
be measured reliably and where the banks themselves have not addressed the capital charge for
operational risk, shall also be required to compute their capital charge for operational risk vide
the same approach as prescribed for banks with negative gross income. These banks may use the
gross income approach from second year onwards. But, based on the reasonableness of the so
computed capital charge for Operation Risk, during the first three years of operation, review
process may require additional proportion of capital charge.
9. During the course of review, where the supervisor is not satisfied with the overall risk
management policies and procedures of the bank, the total risk weighted exposures of the bank
shall be increased up to 5%.
10. In case the bank has not achieved the desired level of disclosure requirements, the total risk
weighted exposures of the bank shall be increased up to 3%.
11. Banks that do not meet the eligibility requirements to claim the benefit under credit risk
mitigation techniques shall not be allowed the benefit of CRM.
b. Corrective Actions for Non-Compliances
1. The failure on part of the banks to meet the provisions of this framework shall be considered as
a violation of the NRB directives and shall attract stipulated actions. The nature of the
enforcement action largely depends on degree of the capital adequacy of the bank. The trigger
points and the prescribed action in case of non-compliance shall be as per the provisions of
Prompt Corrective Action Byelaw 2064 propounded by Nepal Rastra Bank.
7. DISCLOSURE
7.1 GENERAL:
The purpose of disclosure requirements is to complement the minimum capital requirements and the review
process by developing a set of disclosure requirements which will allow market participants to assess key pieces
of information on the scope of application, capital, risk exposures, risk assessment processes, and hence the capital
adequacy of the bank. It is believed that providing disclosures that are based on a common framework is an
effective means of informing the market about a bank’s exposure to those risks and provides a consistent and
comprehensive disclosure framework that enhances comparability. The importance of disclosure is more
pronounced in cases of bank that rely on internal methodologies in assessing capital requirements.

24
7.2 DISCLOSURE PRINCIPLES:
Banks should have a formal disclosure policy approved by the Board of directors that addresses the bank’s
approach for determining what disclosures it will make and the internal controls over the disclosure process. In
addition, banks should implement a process for assessing the appropriateness of their disclosures, including
validation and frequency. While deciding on the disclosure policy, the board should pay due attention to strike a
balance between materiality and proprietary and confidential information.
a. Materiality
Besides the minimum prescribed disclosure requirements, a bank should decide which additional
disclosures are relevant for it based on the materiality concept. Information would be regarded as material
if its omission or misstatement could change or influence the assessment or decision of a user relying on
that information for the purpose of making economic decisions.
b. Proprietary and confidential information
Proprietary information encompasses information (for example on products or systems), that if shared
with competitors would render a bank’s investment in these products/systems less valuable, and hence
would undermine its competitive position. Information about customers is often confidential, in that it is
provided under the terms of a legal agreement or counterparty relationship. This has an impact on what
banks should reveal in terms of information about their customer base, as well as details on their internal
arrangements, for instance methodologies used, parameter estimates, data etc. The disclosure
requirements set out below by NRB aims to strike an appropriate balance between the need for
meaningful disclosure and the protection of proprietary and confidential information.
7.3 VALIDATION:
The disclosures of the bank should be subjected to adequate validation. In addition, supplementary material (such
as Management’s Discussion and Analysis) that is published should also be subjected to sufficient scrutiny (e.g.
internal control assessments, etc.) to satisfy the validation issue. If material is not published under a validation
regime, for instance in a stand alone report or as a section on a website, then management should ensure that
appropriate verification of the information takes place, in accordance with the general disclosure principles.
7.4 DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS:
Banks should at minimum, disclose the following information at the stipulated time intervals. At the same time,
banks shall be free to disclose any other information they consider important for its stakeholders as and when they
consider necessary, beyond the prescribed requirements.
a. Banks should provide the following disclosures as at end of each financial year along with the annual
financial statements.
1. Capital structure and capital adequacy
o Tier 1 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Tier 2 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Detailed information about the Subordinated Term Debts with information on the
outstanding amount, maturity, amount raised during the year and amount eligible to be
reckoned as capital funds.
o Deductions from capital;
o Total qualifying capital;
o Capital adequacy ratio;
o Summary of the bank’s internal approach to assess the adequacy of its capital to support
current and future activities, if applicable; and
o Summary of the terms, conditions and main features of all capital instruments, especially in
case of subordinated term debts including hybrid capital instruments.
2. Risk exposures
o Risk weighted exposures for Credit Risk, Market Risk and Operational Risk;
o Risk Weighted Exposures under each of 11 categories of Credit Risk;
o Total risk weighted exposure calculation table;
o Amount of NPAs (both Gross and Net)
¾ Restructure/Reschedule Loan
¾ Substandard Loan
¾ Doubtful Loan
¾ Loss Loan
o NPA ratios
¾ Gross NPA to gross advances
¾ Net NPA to net advances
o Movement of Non Performing Assets
o Write off of Loans and Interest Suspense
o Movements in Loan Loss Provisions and Interest Suspense
o Details of additional Loan Loss Provisions

25
 o Segregation of investment portfolio into Held for trading, Held to maturity and Available
for sale category
3. Risk Management Function
o For each separate risk area (Credit, Market and Operational risk), banks must describe their
risk management objectives and policies, including:
¾ Strategies and processes;
¾ The structure and organization of the relevant risk management function;
¾ The scope and nature of risk reporting and/or measurement systems; and
¾ Policies for hedging and/or mitigating risk and strategies, and processes for monitoring
the continuing effectiveness of hedges/mitigants.
o Types of eligible credit risk mitigants used and the benefits availed under CRM.
b. All commercial banks should make following disclosures on a quarterly basis on their respective
websites.
o Tier 1 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Tier 2 capital and a breakdown of its components;
o Detailed information about the Subordinated Term Debts with information on the outstanding
amount, maturity, amount raised during the year and amount eligible to be reckoned as capital
funds.
o Deductions from capital;
o Total qualifying capital;
o Capital adequacy ratio;
o Risk weighted exposures for Credit Risk, Market Risk and Operational Risk;
o Risk Weighted Exposures under each of 11 categories of Credit Risk;
o Total risk weighted exposure calculation table;
o Amount of NPAs (both Gross and Net)
¾ Restructure/Reschedule Loan
¾ Substandard Loan
¾ Doubtful Loan
¾ Loss Loan
o NPA ratios
¾ Gross NPA to gross advances
¾ Net NPA to net advances
o Movement of Non Performing Assets
o Write off of Loans and Interest Suspense
o Movements in Loan Loss Provisions and Interest Suspense
o Details of Additional Loan Loss Provisions
o Segregation of investment portfolio into Held for trading, Held to maturity and Available for sale
category
o Summary of the bank’s internal approach to assess the adequacy of its capital to support current
and future activities, if applicable; and
o Summary of the terms, conditions and main features of all capital instruments, especially in case of
subordinated term debts including hybrid capital instruments.
c. Disclosure requirements under this framework should also be published in the respective websites of the
banks. Such disclosures of the banks should also be updated to reflect the capital adequacy position of the
banks after the supervisory adjustments under the review process. Banks that do not host a website yet
are required to make the necessary arrangements to host a website immediately.
d. Banks are required to report to NRB their capital adequacy computations, according to the format as
specified in Annexure of this framework on a monthly basis within one month after the end of the month
or as required by NRB from time to time. All such returns has to be validated by the internal auditor of
the bank. If the monthly internal audit couldnot be carried out, it should be disclosed on the monthly
returns. But, such returns at the end of the quarter must be submitted with the validation from the internal
auditor of the bank.
Besides the returns specified above, a bank must inform NRB within 30 days of:
1. Any breach of the minimum capital adequacy requirements set out in this framework together with
an explanation of the reasons for the breach and the remedial measures it has taken to address those
breaches.
2. Any concerns it has about its capital adequacy, along with proposed measures to address these
concerns.
e. Full compliance of these disclosure requirements is a pre-requisite before banks can obtain any capital
relief (i.e., adjustments in the risk weights of collateralized or guaranteed exposures) in respect of any
credit risk mitigation techniques.

26
 FORM NO. 1 CAPITAL ADEQUACY TABLE
(Rs.In …..)
1. 1 Risk Weighted Exposures Current Period Previous Period
a Risk Weighted Exposure for Credit Risk
b Risk Weighted Exposure for Operational Risk
c Risk Weighted Exposure for Market Risk
Adjustments under Pillar II
Add: 3% of the total RWE due to non compliance to Disclosure Requirement (6.4
a 10)
Add: ….% of the total deposit due to insufficient Liquid Assets(6.4 a 6)
Total Risk Weighted Exposures (After Bank's adjustments of Pillar II)
1.2 CAPITAL Current Period Previous Period
Core Capital (Tier 1)
a Paid up Equity Share Capital
b Irredeemable Non-cumulative preference shares
c Share Premium
d Proposed Bonus Equity Shares
e Statutory General Reserves
f Retained Earnings
g Un-audited current year cumulative profit
h Capital Redemption Reserve
i Capital Adjustment Reserve
j Dividend Equalization Reserves
k Other Free Reserve
l Less: Goodwill
m Less: Fictitious Assets
n Less: Investment in equity in licensed Financial Institutions
o Less: Investment in equity of institutions with financial interests
p Less: Investment in equity of institutions in excess of limits
q Less: Investments arising out of underwriting commitments
r Less: Reciprocal crossholdings
s Less: Other Deductions
Adjustments under Pillar II
Less: Shortfall in Provision (6.4 a 1)
Less: Loans and Facilities extended to Related Parties and Restricted lending
(6.4 a 2)
Supplementary Capital (Tier 2) 0 0
a Cumulative and/or Redeemable Preference Share
b Subordinated Term Debt
c Hybrid Capital Instruments
d General loan loss provision
e Exchange Equalization Reserve
f Investment Adjustment Reserve
g Assets Revaluation Reserve
h Other Reserves
Total Capital Fund (Tier I and Tier II) 0 0
1.3 CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIOS Current Period Previous Period
Tier 1 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures (After Bank's adjustments of
Pillar II)
Tier 1 and Tier 2 Capital to Total Risk Weighted Exposures(After Bank's
adjustments of Pillar II)

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 FORM NO. 2: RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR CREDIT RISK
(Rs.In …..)
Risk
Book Specific Eligible Net Risk
Weighted
A. Balance Sheet Exposures Value Provision CRM Value Weight
Exposures
a b c d=a-b-c e f=d*e
Cash Balance 0 0 0 0% 0
Balance With Nepal Rastra Bank 0 0 0 0% 0
Investment in Nepalese Government Securities 0 0 0 0% 0
All Claims on Government of Nepal 0 0 0 0% 0
Investment in Nepal Rastra Bank securities 0 0 0 0% 0
All claims on Nepal Rastra Bank 0 0 0 0% 0
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank
0 0 0 0% 0
(ECA 0-1)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank
0 0 0 0 20% 0
(ECA -2)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank
0 0 0 0 50% 0
(ECA -3)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank
0 0 0 0 100% 0
(ECA-4-6)
Claims on Foreign Government and Central Bank
0 0 0 0 150% 0
(ECA -7)
Claims On BIS, IMF, ECB, EC and on Multilateral
Development Banks (MDB's) recognized by the 0 0 0 0% 0
framework
Claims on Other Multilateral Development Banks 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims on domestic banks that meet capital adequacy
0 0 0 0 20% 0
requirements

Claims on domestic banks that do not meet capital

0 0 0 0 100% 0
adequacy requirements
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in SAARC
region operating with a buffer of 1% above their 0 0 0 0 20% 0
respective regulatory capital requirement
Claims on Domestic Corporates 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Regulatory Retail Portfolio (Not Overdue) 0 0 0 0 75% 0
Claims fulfilling all criterion of regulatory retail
0 0 0 0 100% 0
except granularity
Claims secured by residential properties 0 0 0 0 60% 0
Claims not fully secured by residential properties 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Claims secured by residential properties (Overdue) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Claims secured by Commercial real estate 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Past due claims (except for claim secured by
0 0 0 0 150% 0
residential properties)

28
High Risk claims 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Investments in equity and other capital instruments of
0 0 0 0 100% 0
institutions listed in the stock exchange

Investments in equity and other capital instruments of

0 0 0 0 150% 0
institutions not listed in the stock exchange
Other Assets (as per attachment) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0

Gross Risk
Specific Eligible Net Risk
Book Weighted
B. Off Balance Sheet Exposures Provision CRM Value Weight
Value Exposures
a b c d=a-b-c e f=d*e
Revocable Commitments 0 0 0 0% 0
Bills Under Collection 0 0 0 0% 0
Forward Exchange Contract Liabilities 0 0 0 0 10% 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity Upto 6
months 0 0 0 0 20% 0
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity Over 6
months 0 0 0 0 50% 0
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Bid Bond, Performance Bond and Counter guarantee
0 0 0 0 50% 0
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0 0 0 0 100% 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0 0 0 0 150% 0
Underwriting commitments 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting of Securities
0 0 0 0 100% 0
as collateral
Repurchase Agreements, Assets sale with recourse 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Advance Payment Guarantee 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Financial Guarantee 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Acceptances and Endorsements 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and Securities 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Irrevocable Credit commitments (short term) 0 0 0 0 20% 0
Irrevocable Credit commitments (long term) 0 0 0 0 50% 0
Other Contingent Liabilities 0 0 0 0 100% 0
Unpaid Guarantee Claims 0 0 0 0 200% 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0
Total RWE for credit Risk Before Adjustment
0 0 0 0 0
(A) +(B)
Adjustments under Pillar II
Add: 10% of the loan and facilities in excess of
0
Single Obligor Limits(6.4 a 3)
Add: 1% of the contract(sale) value in case of the sale
of credit with recourse (6.4 a 4)
Total RWE for credit Risk (After Bank's
adjustments of Pillar II)

29
 FORM NO.3 ELIGIBLE CREDIT RISK MITIGANTS
Credit exposures Deposits Deposits Gold Govt.& NRB G'tee of Sec/G'tee G'tee of G'tee of Sec/G'tee of Total
with Bank with other Securities Govt. of of Other domestic MDBs Foreign
banks/FI Nepal Sovereigns banks Banks
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
Balance Sheet Exposures
Claims on Foreign government and Central Bank
(ECA -2) 0
Claims on Foreign government and Central Bank
(ECA -3) 0
Claims on Foreign government and Central Bank
(ECA-4-6) 0
Claims on Foreign government and Central Bank
(ECA -7) 0
Claims on Other Multilateral Development Banks 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 0-1) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 2) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 3-6) 0
Claims on Public Sector Entity (ECA 7) 0
Claims on domestic banks that meet capital
adequacy requirements 0
Claims on domestic banks that do not meet
capital adequacy requirements 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 2) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
Claims on foreign bank (ECA Rating 7) 0
Claims on foreign bank incorporated in SAARC
region operating with a buffer of 1% above their
respective regulatory capital requirement
Claims on Domestic Corporates 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 0-1) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 2) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 3-6) 0
Claims on Foreign Corporates (ECA 7) 0
Regulatory Retail Portfolio (Not Overdue) 0
Claims fulfilling all criterion of regulatory retail 0
except granularity
Claims secured by residential properties 0
Claims not fully secured by residential properties 0
Claims secured by residential properties 0
(Overdue)
Claims secured by Commercial real estate 0
Past due claims (except for claim secured by 0
residential properties)
High Risk claims 0
Investments in equity and other capital 0
instruments of institutions listed in the stock
exchange
Investments in equity and other capital 0
instruments of institutions not listed in the stock
exchange
Other Assets (as per attachment)
Total 0

30
Credit exposures Deposits Deposits Gold Govt.& NRB G'tee of Sec/G'tee G'tee of G'tee of Sec/G'tee of Total
with Bank with other Securities Govt. of of Other domestic MDBs Foreign
banks/FI Nepal Sovereigns banks Banks
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
Off Balance Sheet Exposures
Forward Exchange Contract Liabilities
LC Commitments With Original Maturity Upto 6 0
months
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
LC Commitments With Original Maturity Over 6 0
months
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
Bid Bond, Performance Bond and Counter 0
guarantee
domestic counterparty
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 0-1) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 2) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 3-6) 0
foreign counterparty (ECA Rating 7) 0
Underwriting commitments 0
Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting of 0
Securities as collateral
Repurchase Agreements, Assets sale with 0
recourse
Advance Payment Guarantee 0
Financial Guarantee 0
Acceptances and Endorsements 0
Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and 0
Securities
Irrevocable Credit commitments 0
Other Contingent Liabilities 0
Total
Grand Total

FORM NO.4 EXHIBIT OF CLAIMS WITH CREDIT RISK MITIGANTS

(Rs.In …………….)
S.N Counterparty Category Facility Outstanding Eligible CRM
. Nature Gross Amount Haircut Net Amount

31
 FORM NO.5 OTHER ASSETS
S.No. Assets Gross Amount Specific Net Balance
Provision
1 Cash and Cash Items in Transit 0
2 Miscellaneous Expenditure not written off 0
3 Fixed Assets 0
4 Interest Receivable on Other Investment 0
5 Interest Receivable on Loan 0
6 Non Banking Assets 0
7 Reconciliation Account 0
8 Draft Paid Without Notice 0
9 Sundry Debtors 0
10 Advance payment and Deposits 0
11 Staff Loan and Advance 0
12 Stationery 0
13 Other 0
TOTAL 0 0 0

FORM NO. 6: RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR OPERATIONAL RISK

Particulars Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Net Interest Income
Commission and Discount Income
Other Operating Income
Exchange Fluctuation Income
Addition/Deduction in Interest Suspense during the period
Gross income (a)
Alfa (b) 15% 15% 15%
Fixed Percentage of Gross Income [c=(a×b)]
Capital Requirement for operational risk (d) (average of c)
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times (e) 10
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [f=(d×e)]
PILLAR-II ADJUSTMENTS
If Gross Income for all the last three years is negative(6.4 a 8)
Total Credit and Investment (net of Specific Provision)
Capital Requirement for operational risk (5%)
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times 10
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [g]
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [h=f+g)]

32
 FORM NO.7 RISK WEIGHTED EXPOSURE FOR MARKET RISK
S.No. Currency Open Position (FCY) Open Position (NPR) Relevant Open Position

1 INR
2 USD
3 GBP
4 EURO
5 THB
6 CHF
7 ......
8 .......
9 .......
Total Open Position (a)
Fixed Percentage (b) 5%
Capital Charge for Market Risk [c=(a×b)]
Risk Weight (reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) in times (d)
Equivalent Risk Weight Exposure [e=(c×d)]

FORM NO. 8 NET LIQUID ASSETS TO TOTAL DEPOSIT RATIO

(Rs.In …..)
Particulars Amount
Total Deposit and Borrowing (A)
Total Deposit(as per NRB Ni.Fa. 9.1)
Total Borrowing(as per NRB Ni.Fa. 9.1)
Liquid Assets (B)
Cash(9.1)
Bank Balance(9.1)
Money at call and short notice (9.1)
Investment in government Securities(9.1)
Placement upto 90 days
Borrowings payable upto 90 days ( C )
Net Liquid Assets (D)=(B-C)

Net Liquid Assets to Total Deposit

Shortfall in Ratio
Amount to be added to Risk Weighted Exposures

33
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @÷)^&

laifo M shf{÷;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ug'{ kg]{ shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / ;f]sf] ;+efljt
gf]S;fgLdf sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L
b]xfosf]] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{÷;fk6sf] ;fFjf jf Aofh e'StfgL x'g' kg]{ efsf gf3]sf] cjlwsf
cfwf/df ;Dk"0f{ shf{ ;fk6nfO{ b]xfo jdf]lhd juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ c;n (Pass) M efsf ggf3]sf / # dlxgf;Dd efsf gf3]sf shf{÷;fk6 .
-v_ sd;n (Sub-standard) M # dlxgfb]lv a9Ldf ^ dlxgf;Dd efsf gf3]sf shf{÷;fk6 .
-u_ z+sf:kb (Doubtful) M ^ dlxgfb]lv a9Ldf ! jif{;Dd efsf gf3]sf shf{÷;fk6 .
-3_ v/fj (Loss) M ! jif{eGbf a9L cjlwn] efsf gf3]sf shf{÷;fk6 .
c;n tyf c;nsf] k'g/tflnsLs/0f÷k'g/;+/rgf u/]sf shf{nfO{ æ;ls|o shf{Æ (Performing Loan) /
sd;n, z+sf:kb tyf v/fa shf{nfO{ ælgis[o shf{Æ (Non-performing Loan) egL kl/efiff ul/Psf] 5 .
l6Kk0fLM– shf{÷;fk6 eGgfn] ljN; vl/b tyf l8:sfp06 ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
@= c;n shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
!= b]xfosf shf{x?nfO{ c;n shf{df ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
-s_ ;'grfFbLsf] lwtf]df uPsf shf{ tyf ;fk6x?,
-v_ d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df uPsf shf{ tyf ;fk6x?,
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq tyf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df uPsf shf{ tyf ;fk6 .
t/, cltl/Qm lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt d'2lt /l;b jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq jf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
C0fkq lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx u/]df To:tf shf{ tyf ;fk6x?nfO{ eg] a'Fbf g+= ! df pNn]lvt
lgb]{zg adf]lhd g} juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd e'StfgL cjlw ePsf] rfn" k'FhL shf{nfO{ dfq gjLs/0f ubf{ c;n shf{df
;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 . rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{x?df k|fKt x'g' kg]{ Aofh lgoldt gePsf] cj:yfdf
To:tf] shf{nfO{ Aofh jSof}tf cjlwsf] cfwf/df juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= v/fj shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
efsf gf3]sf] jf ggf3]sf] s'g} klg shf{df b]xfosf] s'g} s}lkmot b]lvPdf To:tf] shf{ tyf ;fk6nfO{ v/fj
shf{df juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;'/If0fsf] ahf/ d"Non] shf{sf] ;'/If0f x'g g;Sg] ePdf,
-v_ C0fL 6f6 kN6]df jf 6f6 kN6]sf] 3f]if0ff ePdf,
-u_ C0fL x/fPdf jf ufoj ePdf,
-3_ vl/b jf l8:sfpG6 u/]sf] ljN; / k|lttkq tyf hdfgt h:tf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwfx? kmf];{
nf]g -Force Loan_ sf] ?kdf sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{df kl/0ft ePsf] cj:yfdf To;/L shf{df kl/0ft
ePsf] ldltn] gAa] lbg;Dd c;'nL gePdf,
-ª_ shf{ b'?kof]u ePdf,
-r_ shf{ c;'n x'g g;sL lnnfdL k|lqmof z'? ePsf] 5 dlxgf gf3]df jf c;'nL k|lqmof cGtu{t
cbfntdf d'2f rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf,
-5_ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf C0fLnfO{ shf{ k|bfg u/]sf] cj:yfdf,
-h_ kl/of]hgf÷Joj;fo ;+rfng x'g] cj:yf g/x]df, kl/of]hgf jf Joj;fo ;~rfngdf gePdf,
-em_ Credit Card shf{ efsf gf3]sf] ldltn] gAa] lbg leq ckn]vg gePdf ,

34
 -~f_ k|lttkq, hdfgt / cGo ;Defljt bfloTjx? lgoldt k|s[of cGtu{t sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{df
kl/0ft ubf{ () lbg leq pQm shf{ c;'n x'g gcfPdf,
-6_ l6=cf/=shf{ (Trust Receipt Loan) sf] efsf gf3]df .
l6Kk0fL M of] lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= # -ª_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æb'?kof]uÆ eGgfn] k|of]hg v'nfO{ lnPsf] shf{
/sd ;DjlGwt k|of]hgdf k|of]u gu/]sf], kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf g/x]sf], ;DjlGwt kl/of]hgf÷Joj;foaf6
cflh{t /sd C0f ltg{df gnufO{ cGo sfo{df k|of]u u/]sf], lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf ;'kl/j]Ifs,
n]vf k/LIf0fsf] qmddf n]vfk/LIfsaf6 b'?kof]u ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf]
;Demg' k5{ .
$= cfjlws shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
ls:tfaGbLdf k|jfx ul/Psf cfjlws shf{x? (Term Loan) sf] xsdf ;fFjfsf] ls:tfn] efsf gf3]df ;Dk"0f{
jSof}tf shf{ /sdnfO{ g} ls:Tff /sdsf] efsf gf3]sf] cjlwsf] cfwf/df juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, clwljsif{ (Overdraft) sf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;'ljwf gkfPsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg u/]sf] cfjlws
shf{sf] ls:tfsf] xsdf ls:tf /sdn] ! jif{eGbf j9L cjlwn] efsf gf3]sf] cj:yfdf dfq ;Dk"0f{ shf{
/sdnfO{ g} v/fj shf{df juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . s'g} ls:tf /sdn] ! jif{eGbf sd cjlwn] efsf gf3]sf]
cj:yfdf To:tf] ls:tf /sdnfO{ dfq v/fj shf{df juL{s/0f u/L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{ ;lsg]
5 . t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;Dk"0f{ shf{ /sdnfO{ g} v/fj shf{df juL{s/0f ug{ rfx]df of] Joj:yfn]
jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
l6Kk0fL M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æcfjlws shf{Æ eGgfn] Ps jif{eGbf a9L e'QmfgL cjlw sfod u/L k|jfx
ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
%= ;'grfFbL shf{ ;DaGwL yk Joj:yf
…sÚ …vÚ tyf …uÚ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf Joj:yf tyf zt{x? k"/f u/L
;'grfFbL lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ M–
-s_ ;+:yfsf] shf{ gLlt÷ljlgodfjnLdf ;'grfFbL lwtf] lnO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{] Joj:yf pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{ ,
-v_ ;+:yfn] ;'grfFbLsf] shf{ sf/f]jf/ ug{' cufj} cfjZos ;'/Iff Joj:yf, ;'/If0fsf] d"Nofª\sg Joj:yf,
9's'6L jLdf tyf hfFrsL ;DjGwL Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ ,
-u_ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] nflu ;'grfFbL shf{ pkof]uL / d'gfkmfbfos eP÷gePsf] af/] jflif{s?kdf cWoog
u/L ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 jflif{s cg'udg x'g' kg]{ .
^= cf]e/8«fˆ6 ;Ldf gf£g] u/L ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'npk/ ug{ gkfOg]
cf]e/8«fˆ6 ;Ldf gf£g] u/L u|fxssf] rNtL vftfaf6 cf]e/8«g (Overdrawn) u/L shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh
c;'npk/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
t/, o; Joj:yfn] u|fxssf] vftfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft vr{ u/L ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'npk/ ug{ aGb]h nufPsf]
dflgg] 5}g . u|fxssf] vftf vr{ u/L ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'npk/ ubf{ vftf cf]e/8«g (Overdrawn) eO{ Ps
dlxgf;Dd klg lx;fj /fkm;fkm gePsf] v08df o;/L c;'npk/ gePsf shf{x?df cf]e/8«g u/]sf] ;fFjf
/sd ;d]t aSof}tf shf{ /sddf ;dfj]z u/L To:tf shf{x? h'g ju{df kg]{ xf] ;f] eGbf Ps tx d'lgsf]
ju{df ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . vftf vr{ ubf{ u|fxsnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] ;Ldf g3fP/ cf]e/8«g (Overdrawn) ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
&= u|]; cjlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfjlws shf{ k|bfg ubf{ ;dfGotof Ps jif{eGbf j9L u|]; cjlw /fvL shf{ k|bfg
ug{ kfOg] 5}g . ;f] eGbf a9L u|]; cjlw k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ePdf s] slt sf/0fn] / s'g s'g cfwf/df u|]; cjlw yk
ug'{ k/]sf] xf] ;f]sf] Joxf]/f v'nfO{ shf{ :jLs[ltsf] ;dodf g} ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= shf{sf] k'g/tflnsLs/0f / k'g/;+/rgf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ C0fLn] k]z u/]sf] lnlvt sfo{ of]hgfdf pNn]lvt b]xfosf cfwf/x?df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
ljZj:t ePdf shf{x?nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ ;Sg] 5 . shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf
k'g/;+/rgf ul/Psf :ki6 cfwf/x? k|To]s shf{ kmfOndf ;+nUg x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ shf{ ;DaGwL sfuhft tyf ;'/If0fx? kof{Kt ePsf] k|df0f,
-v_ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ePsf shf{ c;'n x'g] ;Defjgfjf/] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
ljZj;gLo ePsf] cfwf/x?, /
-u_ shf{nfO{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug{ lnlvt sfo{ of]hgf k]z x'g'sf cltl/Qm
To:tf] shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ubf{sf] lbg;Dd kfs]sf] AofhdWo] c;'n x'g
afFsL Aofhsf] slDtdf kRrL; k|ltzt Aofh /sd c;'npk/ ePsf] .

35
 -@_ g]kfn ;/sf/ cGt/ut /x]sf] ?U0f pBf]u k|f/lDes 5fgljg tyf l;kmfl/z ;ldltåf/f l;kmfl/z k|fKt
pBf]ux?nfO{ uPsf] shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfdf Go"gtd jfx| k|ltzt
Aofh e'QmfgL eO{ cGo k|s[ofx? ;d]t k"/f u/]kl5 shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ubf{
Go"gtd kRrL; k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, jfx| k|ltzt eGbf sd Aofh e'QmfgL
eO{ shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf ul/Psf] cj:Yffdf ;fljssf] efsf gf3]sf] cjlwsf]
cfwf/df k|rlnt Joj:yf adf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgLsf] nflu Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pka'Fbf -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd juL{s/0f ul/Psf shf{x?sf] laj/0f 5'§} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM * o; k|of]hgsf] nflu æk'g/tflnsLs/0fÆ eGgfn] u|fxsn] lnPsf] shf{÷;'ljwfsf] e'QmfgL ug]{ cjlw÷;do
a9fpg] k|lqmofnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
* æk'g/;+/rgfÆ eGgfn] shf{÷;'ljwfsf] k|s[lt jf zt{df kl/jt{g ug]{ aGb]hx? yk36 ug]{ jf ;do
;Ldfdf x]/km]/ ug]{ k|lqmofnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
(= shf{ gf]S;fgL jfkt sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd juL{s/0f ul/Psf shf{ tyf laN; vl/bx?sf] nflu aSof}tf ;fFjf /sdsf]
cfwf/df b]xfo jdf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M–
shf{ juL{s/0f Go"gtd shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
-s_ c;n ! k|ltzt
-v_ sd;n @% k|ltzt
-u_ z+sf:kb %) k|ltzt
-3_ v/fj÷sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ !)) k|ltzt
t/, jLdf ul/Psf shf{x?sf] xsdf pka'Fbf -!_ df pNn]v ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] kRrL; k|ltzt dfq
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod u/] k'Ug] 5 .
-@_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf] shf{sf] xsdf ;f] jfkt b]xfo adf]lhd shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug]{ ;dodf c;n ju{df juL{s/0f e}/x]sf shf{x?nfO{
k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ubf{ Go"gtd ;fF9] afx| -!@=%_ k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 . sd;n, z+sf:kb tyf v/fj ju{df juL{s/0f e};s]sf shf{x?nfO{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0f ubf{ k"j{jt sfod ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf a'Fbf g+= !) -u_ sf]
cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} ;dfof]hg ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
ls:tfaGbL jf ;d dfl;s ls:tf -Equal Monthly Instalment, EMI) df k|bfg ul/Psf
shf{x?sf] xsdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh lgoldt /x]sf] cj:yfdf b]xfosf] To:tf] shf{sf]
nflu k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ;/x yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug{' kg]{ 5}g .
-c_ shf{sf] ls:tf clu|d e'StfgL ePsf] -Prepayment_ sf/0fn] ls:tfaGbLsf] /sd Pj+
ls:tf ;+Vof sd ePdf .
-cf_ ahf/sf] cj:yf x]/L Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ul/Psf] sf/0faf6 shf{sf] ;dofjlw tyf
ls:tf /sd kl/jt{g ePdf . o; k|;+udf Aofhb/ a9]/ shf{sf] ;dofjlw tyf
ls:tf ;+Vof ylkg uPdf shf{ :jLs[t ug]{ ;dodf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf ls:tf /sd
36fpg kfOg] 5}g . To:t}, Aofhb/ sd eO{ shf{sf] ;dofjlw tyf ls:tf ;+Vof
36\g uPdf klg shf{ :jLs[t ug]{ a]nf lgwf{l/t ls:tf /sd 36fpg kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf shf{sf] ;fFjf ls:tf tyf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL nuftf/
b'O{ jif{;Dd lgoldt ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf shf{x?nfO{ c;n shf{df kl/0ft ug{ ;lsg]
5.
-u_ z]o/sf] lwtf]df k|bfg u/]sf] shf{x?nfO{ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ePsf]
shf{ (Deprived Sector Lending) nfO{ lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f lgudaf6 ;'/If0f u/fPsf] cj:yfdf jf
cGo shf{x? klg jLdf u/fPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ;'/If0f u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu ug'{ kg]{ shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf -Loan Loss Provision_ df &% k|ltzt 5'6 lbO{ afFsL @% k|ltzt dfq Joj:yf u/] k'Ug] 5 .

36
 -$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] z'? z]o/ lg:sfzg -Initial Public Offering - IPO_ x'Fbfsf] cj:yfdf z]o/
vl/bsf nflu a'emfOg] cfj]bgsf] cw{s6\6Lsf] ;'/If0fdf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg]
5}g . To:tf] shf{ k|afx u/]sf] xsdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] zt k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ JolQmut÷;+:yfut hdfgLdf shf{ k|bfg ubf{ C0fLsf] JolQmut hdfgL /sd a/fa/sf] cGo s;}sf]
bfjL gnfUg] ;DklQsf] laj/0f clgjfo{ ?kdf lng' kg]{5 . JolQmut÷;+:yfut hdfgLdf dfq} k|jflxt
shf{nfO{ klg pk/f]Qmfg';f/ juL{s/0f u/L c;n, sd;n / z+sf:kb shf{df kg]{ eP ;f] ju{df
tf]lsPsf] k|ltztsf] cltl/Qm aL; k|ltzt yk u/L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . cGo
ef}lts ;DklQsf] ;'/If0fn] gvfDg] eO{ yk ;'/If0f jfkt JolQmut÷;+:yfut hdfgt ;d]t lnO{
shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t dfly pNn]v eP adf]lhd yk shf{sf] nflu Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
o:tf shf{x?sf] juL{s/0f laj/0f 5'§} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . t/ O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= # sf] a'Fbf $ sf] v08 -
v_ df plNnlvt ;+:yfx?, g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8 / g]kfn vfB ;+:yfgnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{
;fk6Ldf cltl/Qm aL; k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff sfod ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
-^_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] JolQmut hdfgLdf k|jfx eO/x]sf] lzIff shf{ tyf n3' ljQLo ;+:yf Pj+
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t nufgL u/]sf] shf{df dfly pka'Fbf -#_ adf]lhd
tf]lsPsf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf cltl/Qm jL; k|ltzt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
-&_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] rfx]df dflyNnf] ju{sf] shf{ ;fk6x?nfO{ tNnf] ju{df juL{s/0f ug{ s'g}
aGb]h nufOPsf] 5}g . pbfx/0fsf nflu sd;n shf{nfO{ z+sf:kb jf v/fa shf{df / z+sf:kbnfO{
v/fj shf{df juL{s/0f ug{ kfOg] 5 .
-*_ shf{÷;fk6 eGgfn] ljN; vl/b tyf l8:sfp06 ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' kg]{ 5 .
l6Kk0fLM ;lqmo shf{sf] nflu ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ æ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
(General Loan Loss Provision)Æ / lgl:qmo shf{sf] nflu ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ æljz]if
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf (Specific Loan Loss Provision)Æ sf] ?kdf lnOg]] 5 .
!)= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ ;dfof]hg ug{ kfpg] cj:yf
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ b]xfosf] cj:yf afx]s ;dfof]hg ug{ kfOg] 5}g M–
-s_ shf{ ckn]vg ePdf,
-v_ shf{sf] e'QmfgL ls:tfjGbL jf cf+lzs ?kdf ePdf shf{ juL{s/0f cg'?ksf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
sfod ubf{ e'QmfgL ePsf] xb;Ddsf] shf{ jfkt ul/Psf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfnfO{ Write back u/L
;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg], /
-u_ shf{ k'g/tflnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf u/L shf{ k'g/juL{s/0f ePdf k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f
ul/Psf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL nuftf/ b'O{ jif{;Dd lgoldt ePdf .
o:tf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f cnUu} tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
!!= u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf / lnnfd laqmL ;DaGwdf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;sf/ u/]sf] u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQdf ;sf/ u/]s} ldltb]lv zt k|ltzt
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ laqmL ePsf] cj:yfdf tTsfn To:tf] ;DklQsf nflu v8f ul/Psf] gf]S;fgL
Joj:yfsf] cfjZos lx;fjldnfg ug{' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] ;'/If0fnfO{ u}/ a}+ls+Ë ;DklQsf] ?kdf ;sf/ ubf{ tyf ;sf/ u/]sf] u}/
a}+ls+Ë ;DklQ lnnfd ljqmL ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ ?= @% nfveGbf a9L shf{ /sd aSof}tf /x]sf] u|fxssf] ;'/If0f ;DklQnfO{ u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQsf]
?kdf ;sf/ ubf{ ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ clgjfo{?kdf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-v_ cfˆgf] ;+:yfsf] gfddf /x]sf] u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQsf] lnnfd ug'{k"j{ :jtGq d"Nof+sgstf{af6
d"Nof+sg u/fpg' kg]{5 . clws÷Go"g d"Nof+sg u/fpg kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnLdf lwtf] ;'/If0f÷u}/ a}+ls+Ë ;DklQ lnnfd ;DaGwdf kf/bzL{ /
:ki6 Joj:yf u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lxt ;+/If0f x'g] u/L laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ o;/L u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ ;sf/ u/L ln+bf lnnfd x'g g;s]sf] ;'/If0f jfkt /flvPsf] ;Dk"0f{
;DklQnfO{ g} lng' kg]{5, cf+lzs ?kdf dfq lng kfOg] 5}g .

37
 -ª_ o;/L ;sf/ u/L lnPsf] ;DklQnfO{ oyf;Dej l56f] ljqmL ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
cfˆg} k|of]hgnfO{ cfjZos ePdf ;f] sf] pkof]usf nflu ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ o;
a}+snfO{ ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!@= Credit Sale /Purchase/Re-purchase tyf Takeover ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt gePsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{
cGo s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 s'g} lsl;dsf] C0f, shf{ cflb vl/b u/L lng, Discount
u/L lng tyf Credit Sale/Purchase/Re-purchase / Takeover (CS,CP,RP& TO) ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
@= o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt ePsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] CS, CP, RP & TO ubf{ b]xfosf
zt{ aGb]hsf] cwLgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-s_ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] CS, CP, RP & TO u/L lng' cl3sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf]
k'FhLsf]if sfod u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ CS CP, RP & TO u/L lng]÷lbg] ;DaGwdf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] shf{ gLltdf :ki6
Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . cGoyf To:tf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ cfly{s jif{sf] clGtd dlxgfdf CS, CP, RP & TO ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
-3_ shf{ vl/b (Credit Purchase) ubf{ ;f] shf{ u|fxsaf6 c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/ vl/b
ug]{n] lng' kg]{5 . ;f] sfo{sf] nflu ;DalGwt u|fxssf] ;xdlt ;d]t lng' kg]{5 .
-c_ shf{ vl/b u/L lng]n] ;f] vl/b u/]sf] shf{nfO{ cfˆgf] lx;fadf ;DalGwt zLif{ssf]
shf{ ;fk6 pk–zLif{sdf n]vfÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-cf_ shf{sf] zt{ / cj:yfsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lnP/ dfq shf{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .
-O_ shf{ vl/b u/L lng] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt C0fLn] shf{ lnPsf] ldlt,
shf{sf] lsl;d, e'QmfgL cj:yf, ljutsf] shf{ sf/f]jf/sf] cj:yf, hdfgtstf{sf]
x}l;ot, shf{ juL{s/0fsf] l:ylt cflb ljj/0fx? lnlvt ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
-O{_ shf{ vl/b ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ juL{s/0fsf] ljBdfg Joj:yf tyf
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf adf]lhdsf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-p_ shf{ vl/b u/L ln+bf o:tf] shf{ ;'/lIft /x]sf] tyf ;+:yfnfO{ kmfObfhgs
eP÷gePsf] af/] olsg x'g] cfwf/ v'Ng] sfuhftx? ;DalGwt shf{ kmfOndf
cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .
-pm_ shf{ gLltdf shf{ vl/b ;DaGwL Joj:yf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] dfq
shf{ vl/b u/L lnglbg ;Sg] 5g\ .
-ª_ CS, CP, RP & TO sf/f]jf/sf] cw{jflif{s ljj/0f cw{jflif{s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !%
lbgleq o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
#= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o;/L shf{ vl/b÷laqmL (Purchase and Sale) ubf{ sy+sbflrt vl/bstf{
;+:yfn] shf{ p7fpg g;s]df ;f] shf{ k'gM cfkmF}n] vl/b ug]{ (Credit Repurchase) zt{ /x]sf]
cj:yfdf laqmLstf{ ;+:yfn] To:tf] shf{ Repurchase gu?~h]n Contingent Liability sf] ?kdf cfˆgf]
jf;nftdf b]vfpg'kg]{ / o:tf] Contingent Liability nfO{ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu %)
k|ltzt dfq hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
!#= ljQLo hdfgtsf] cfwf/df shf{ lbg tyf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ gkfpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
:jb]zdf :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] hf/L u/]sf] ljQLo hdfgt (Financial
Guarantee) sf cfwf/df s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{ lbg tyf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
!$= lgIf]k /fVg tyf shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ ug{] ;DaGwdf
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# afx]s cGo
k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k /fVg tyf
shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/, n3'ljQ dfqsf] yf]s sf/f]jf/ ug]{ u/L :yfkgf ePsf
;+:yfx?sf] xsdf eg] pk/f]Qm Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
@= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# afx]s cGo k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf
shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k
/fVg / lgIf]k /l;bsf] lwtf]df shf{ lng pk/f]Qm pka'Fbf ! sf] Joj:yfn] afwf k'Ug]5}g . t/, o;/L
lgIf]k /l;bsf] lwtf]df shf{ lb+bf h'g a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k /fv]sf] xf] ;f]xL a}+s÷ljQLo
;+:yfaf6 dfq To:tf] shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . cfˆgf] lgIf]k /l;b /x]sf] ;+:yf afx]s cGo a}+s÷ljQLo

38
 ;+:yfaf6 o; cl3 k|jflxt shf{sf] xsdf e'QmfgL ldlt -Maturity Date_ kZrft gjLs/0f u/L shf{
k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lgIf]k /l;b -Deposit Receipt_ sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ubf{
c+lst Aofhb/ -Coupon Rate_ eGbf sd Aofhb/ gx'g] u/L ;+:yfsf] shf{ gLlt lgb]{lzsfsf]
kl/lwleq /x]/ shf{÷;fk6 pknAw u/fpg ;Sg]5g\ . t/, g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf]
C0fkq÷;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ubf{ pNn]lvt Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s'g} klg JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL / cGo ;+ul7t ;+3
;+:yfx?af6 s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ To:tf] lgIf]kdf lbOg] c+lst Aofhb/ -Coupon
Rate_ afx]s cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] z'Ns÷sld;g jf o:t} cGo zLif{saf6 a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfnfO{ Jooef/ kg]{ s'g} k|sf/sf] cfly{s ;'ljwf lbg kfOg] 5}g .
!%= k|fylds z]o/ lgisfzgdf nufgL ug{sf nflu shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLn] ;j{;fwf/0fdf k|fylds z]o/ lgisf;g -Initial Public Offering ,IPO) sf]] nflu
z]o/ laqmL v'Nnf u/]sf] klxnf]] ;ft sfo{lbg;Dd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] To:tf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ k|of]hgsf
nflu s'g} klg lsl;dsf] shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g . t/, To;/L cfXjfg u/]sf] klxnf] ;ft sfo{lbg
;Dddf klg dfu u/] adf]lhdsf] z]o/sf nflu cfj]bg gk/]df -Fully Subscribe gePdf_ ;f]sf] cf7f}F sfo{
lbgb]lv b]xfo adf]lhdsf zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL IPO sf nflu shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
s= IPO sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ lgo'Qm ePsf] lgisfzg k|aGws -Issue Manager) o; a}+ssf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;xfos sDkgL ePdf ;f] ;+:yfn] s'g} klg JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgLnfO{ IPO sf
nflu shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
v= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] IPO df nufgL ug]{ nufgLstf{x?nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ shf{sf] sDtLdf %)
k|ltzt gub dflh{g /fv]/ dfq shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
u= o;/L k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw a9Ldf lwtf]kq P]g, lgodfjnL / lwtf]kq;+u ;DalGwt
lgodx?df z]o/ afF8kmfF8sf] nflu tf]s]sf] ;do cjlw;Dd x'g]5 . o:tf] shf{sf] k'g/;+/rgf /
k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
3= o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ klg cGo shf{ k|bfg ubf{ cjnDag ug'{kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ k|s[of k"/f u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
ª= o:f/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{ c;n shf{df /x]sf] cj:yf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf zt k|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!^= Margin Lending k|s[ltsf] z]o/ ;'/If0f /fvL k|jfx x'g] shf{sf ;DaGwdf
-s_ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8df ;"rLs[t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/sf] lwtf]df a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfaf6 k|jfx x'g] Margin Lending k|s[ltsf]] shf{sf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf zt{x? kfngf u/]/ dfq
;f] cg';f/sf] shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-!_ o;/L k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] xsdf ;'/If0f afkt /flvg] z]o/sf] d"NofÍg ubf{ kl5Nnf] !*) sfo{
lbgsf] clGtd d"No (Closing Price) sf] cf};t d"Nosf] cfwf/df a9Ldf %) k|ltzt jf
z]o/sf] k|rlnt ahf/ d"Nosf] %) k|ltztdWo] h'g sd x'G5 ;f] /sd;Dd dfq shf{ lbg
;lsg] 5 . Psk6s k|jfx ul/;s]sf] o:tf] shf{sf] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] z]o/sf] k'g/d"NofÍg u/L
;f]sf] cfwf/df yk shf{ ;Ldf sfod ug{ jf yk shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
l6Kk0fL M o; k|of]hgsf] nflu sfo{ lbg eGgfn] g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8sf] sf/f]jf/
;~rfng ePsf] lbgnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 . s'g} sfo{ lbgdf s'g} z]o/sf] sf/f]jf/ gePsf]
cj:yfdf ;f] lbgsf] nflu ;d]t pQm lbgeGbf l7s cufl8 sf/f]jf/ ePsf] lbgsf] clGtd
sf/f]jf/ d"NonfO{ lng' kg]{5 .
-@_ Margin Call ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ z]o/sf] ahf/ d"Nodf x'g] kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] Margin Call ug{'k/]df ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] d"No cg'udg u/L C0fL u|fxsnfO{ ;"rgf u/L a9Ldf @!
lbgleqdf lgb]{lzt ;Ldfleq Nofpg] u/L Margin Call ug{' kg]{5 .
t/, ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] z]o/sf] d"Nodf !) k|ltzt;Ddn] 36]sf] cj:yfdf Margin
Call ug{ afWo x'g] 5}g .

39
 -v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd ;"rgf hf/L u/]kl5 ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf]
;dofjlwleq ;DalGwt C0fL÷u|fxsaf6 Margin jfktsf] /sd hDdf u/fO{ ;Sg'
kg]{5 .
-u_ v08 -v_ cg'?k gePdf To;kl5sf] & lbg leqdf To;/L ;'/If0f /flvPsf] z]o/
lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t\ ljqmL u/L shf{ c;'npk/ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
-3_ v08 -u_ cg'?k c;'npk/ gePdf To:tf] shf{sf] nflu zt k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ o;/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] cjlw Ps jif{eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g . z]o/ lwtf] shf{ -Margin type
Lending_ pkef]u ul//x]sf C0fLn] cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{sf] slDtdf @% k|ltzt ;fFjf /sd
e'QmfgL u/]sf] / ;Dk"0f{ n]gf Aofh /sd aSof}tf g/x]sf] cj:yfdf a9Ldf afFsL &% k|ltzt
;fFjf;Ddsf] z]o/ lwtf] shf{nfO{ gjLs/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
t/, cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] nflu yk ;'/If0f:j?k C0fLn] lbPsf] z]o/
lwtf]sf] xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g . ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ k|of]hgsf
;DaGwdf cfjZos ;"rgf, tYof+s / ljj/0f ;DalGwt shf{ kmfOndf cBfjlws u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf yk lwtf] ;'/If0f:j?k lnOg] To:tf] z]o/, cltl/Qm lwtf]sf] ?kdf dfq
/xg] 5 .
-$_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf /x]sf ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-s_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd k'FhLsf]ifsf] cg'kft sfod gu/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?,
-v_ g]6jy{ C0ffTds ePsf ;+:yfx?,
-u_ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo jhf/ lnld6]8n] ;"rLs/0faf6 x6fPsf (Delisted) ;+:yfx?,
-3_ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps jif{ cjlw k"/f x'Fbf ;d]t clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f gug]{
;+:yfx?,
-%_ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"lrs[t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfˆgf] shf{ gLlt÷lgb]{lzsf df :ki6 Joj:yf eO{ cGo shf{ k|bfg u/]
;/x cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ k|ls|of k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ o:f/L k|jfx ePsf] shf{ c;n shf{df /x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf zt k|ltzt
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] j9Ldf cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) a/fa/sf] /sd;Dd
dfq o; k|s[ltsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;fy}, o;/L shf{ k|bfg ubf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] Pp6f ;"rLs[t sDkgLsf] z]o/sf] xsdf cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) sf]
a9Ldf @% k|ltztdf ggf£g] u/L dfq shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) eGgfn] l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df sfod x'g cfPsf] k|fylds k'FhL ;Demg'
kb{5 .
-*_ ljutdf cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhL (Core Capital) eGbf a9L shf{ k|bfg u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] lgwf{l/t ;Ldfdf gcfP;Dd o:tf] k|s[ltsf] yk shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-(_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ z]o/sf] ;Ssn k|df0fkq lwtf] /fv]/ dfq
shf{ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?n]] lwtf] ;'/If0f lnPsf z]o/sf ;DaGwdf M
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lwtf] ;'/If0f lnPsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
z]o/ ;sf/ u/L shf{ c;'nL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@= o; cl3 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ ;sf/ u/L shf{ c;'nL u/]sf] ePdf
;sf/ ul/Psf z]o/x? clgjfo{ ?kn] laqmL ug{' kg]{5 . ljz]if sf/0fjz laqmL x'g g;sL
afFsL /x]sf z]o/x?sf] xsdf z]o/ ;sf/ u/]sf] d"No a/fa/n] x'g cfpg] /sdsf] zt
k|ltzt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!&= a}+s hdfgt -Bank Guarantee_ ;DaGwdf
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|ls|of k"/f u/L hf/L u/]sf a}s hdfgt -Bank Guarantee_ afktsf] /sd
s'g} sf/0f k/L Beneficiary nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ cj:yfdf dfu bfjL k/]sf] ;ft lbgleq e'QmfgL
lbg]÷glbg] ;DaGwdf 6'Ëf] nufO;Sg' kg]{5 .

40
 -v_ o:f/L bfjL k/]sf] ;ft lbgleqdf a}+s hdfgt hf/L ug]{ ;+:yfn] Beneficiary nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{
cj:yfdf kof{Kt cfwf/ lagf e'QmfgL gu/]df ;DalGwt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffsf] o; a}+sdf /x]]sf]
vftf÷o; a}+sn] cfb]z lbPsf] a}+ssf] vftfaf6 s§f u/L ;DalGwt Beneficiary nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{
;lsg] 5 .
-u_ o;/L e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt afktsf] ;Defljt bfloTjnfO{ k'FhLsf]ifsf] cg'kft u0fgf
ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu @)) k|ltztn] hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
!*= cGt/a}+s sf/f]jf/÷;fk6L÷ nufgL ;DaGwdf
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] Pscfk;df k|bfg ug]{
;fk6L÷nufgLnfO{ lgoldt shf{ ;fk6 -Regular Credit Facility_ sf] ?kdf geO{ cGt/a}+s sf/f]jf/÷;fk6L÷
nufgL -Interbank Transactions/Borrowings/Investment_ sf] ?kdf dfq k|of]u ug{ kfOg]5 .
!(= :jLs[t ef}uf]lns sfo{If]qleq crn ;DklQ lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt /fli6«o:t/sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? afx]s cGo ;+:yfx?n] crn ;DklQ lwtf] /fvL shf{
k|jfx ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu kl/of]hgf shf{ afx]s cGo k|s[ltsf shf{sf] xsdf :jLs[t lwtf] cfˆgf] ef}uf]lns
sfo{If]qleqs} x'g'kg]{ 5 . o; ;DaGwL lgb]{zg -ldlt @)^%÷!!÷^, kl/kq #!÷)^%÷^^_ hf/L x'g' cufj}
tf]lsPsf] cfˆgf] sfo{If]q eGbf aflx/sf] crn ;DklQ lwtf] lnO{ k|jfx ePsf] kl/of]hgf afx]ssf shf{sf]]
xsdf @)^* cfiff9 d;fGtleq jf e'StfgL cjlw -Maturity Period_ dWo] h'g cl3 x'G5 To; ;do
;Ldfleq pk/f]Qm cg';f/sf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ ;dfof]hg ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . cGoyf, To:tf] shf{ c;'nL geP;Dd
zt k|ltztn] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
@)= l6=cf/=shf{ (Trust Receipt Loan) ;DaGwdfM
6«i6 l/l;K6 shf{ -TR Loan_ jf To:t} k|s[ltsf cfoft shf{ k|bfg ubf{ clwstd () lbg;Ddsf] cjlwsf]
nflu dfq k|jfx ug{ kfOg]] 5 .
@!= PsfpG6k]oL r]s dfkm{t shf{ /sd lgsf;f ug'{ kg]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} klg sDkgL÷kmd{ jf ;+ul7t ;+3÷;+:yfnfO{ :jLs[t shf{sf]
/sd lgsf;f ubf{ ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfdf g} vftf vf]nL hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] afx]ssf] cj:yfdf
C0fL sDkgL÷kmd{ jf ;+ul7t ;+3÷;+:yfsf] gfddf PsfpG6k]oL r]s dfkm{t dfq shf{ /sd lgsf;f ug'{
kg]{5 .
@@= kof{j/0fLo k|efjsf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ dfq shf{ k|jfx ug]{ ;DjGwdf
d'n'se/sf tfn, tn}of, bx, s'08 / kf]v/L If]q j/k/ jf cf;kf;df aGg] xf]6n, l/;f]6{ nufotsf s'g} klg
k|s[ltsf pBf]ux?df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{ nufgL ug'{k"j{ clgjfo{ ?kdf kof{j/0fLo k|efjsf]
ljZn]if0f u/L To:tf tfn, tn}of, s'08, bx / kf]v/Lx?df k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ 7x/ tyf olsg u/]/ dfq shf{
k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
@#= hdfgt lbPsf] cj:yfdf hdfgLkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sd;Dd dfq lhDd]jf/ x'g]
hdfgt lbPsf] cj:yfdf hdfgLkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] nflu hdfgL lbg] JolQm÷kmd{÷
sDkgL÷;+:yfnfO{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf lhDd]jf/ gu/fpg hdfgLkq tof/ ubf{ g} hdfgL /sd, cjlw, C0fsf]
k|of]hg, k|d'v C0fL, ;fIfL, hdfgtstf{sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;f] sf] ;gfvt nufotsf ljifox? :ki6 ?kdf
pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 .
@$= shf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f ljj/0f k7fpg] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfly{s jif{sf] cflZjg, kf}if, r}q / cfiff9 d;fGtdf shf{ juL{s/0f u/L ;+nUg
lgb]{zg kmf=g+= @=!, @=@ / @=# cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@%= lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df x'g ;Sg] sf/jfxLx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] of] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) jdf]lhd sf/jfxL
x'g]5 .
@^= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] shf{÷;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg
g+= @÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;}
ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

41
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=!
shf{, ;fk6 tyf laN; vl/b juL{s/0f / ;f]sf] nflu Joj:yf
- === === === === === d;fGt _
-¿=xhf/df_
vl/b tyf l8:sfpG6
shf{ tyf ;fk6
ul/Psf laN;
ut
ljj/0f :jb]zL o;
qodf;
ljkGg ju{ ljb]zL hDdf :jb]zL ljb]zL hDdf qodf;sf]
cGo hDdf
ljldt cljldt
!= ;lqmo shf{ ;fk6
c;n shf{
-s_ c;n
-v_ c;nsf] k'g/;+/rgf÷k'gtf{lnsLs/0f
@= lgl:qmo shf{ ;fk6
@=! sd;n
@=@ z+sf:kb
@=# v/fa
#= s'n shf{ ;fk6 -! ± @_
$= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
$=! c;n
-s_ === === === === === ===
-v_ === === === === === ===
$=@ sd;n
$=# z+sf:kb
$=$ v/fj
%= s'n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
^= ut qodf;;Ddsf] Joj:yf
^=! c;n
-s_ === === === ===
-v_ === === === ===
^=@ sd;n
^=# z+sf:kb
^=$ v/fj
&= ut qodf;;Ddsf] s'n Joj:yf
*= o; qodf;sf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf lkmtf{ -&–%_
(Provision Write Back)
(= o; qodf;sf] yk Joj:yf -%-&_
v'b shf{ -#–%_

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

42
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=@
u|fxslkR5] juL{s/0f ul/Psf] shf{x? tyf ;f]sf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ;DaGwL ljj/0f
===============;fn ==================d;fGt
zfvf ;d"x C[0fL nufgL÷ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ e'QmfgL u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ Joj:yf ljkGg s}lkmot
sf] sf] sf/f]jf/ ldlt ;'ljwf ju{
gfd gfd ldlt -?_ /sd
shf{ :jLs[t afFsL afFsL Effvf :jLs[t afFsL AfuL{s/0f Joj:yf ?=
k|sf/ ;Ldf ;fFjf Aofh gf3]sf] ;Ldf ;fFjf -?_
-?_ -?_ -?_ ;fFjf -?_ -?_ -?_

s'n hDdf M–

ldlt clws[tsf] gfd

b:tvt
b|i6Jo M– !_ ls:tfaGbLdf k|bfg ul/Psf cfjlws shf{x? (Term Loan) sf] xsdf klxnf] ls:tfn] efsf gf3]sf] ldlt g} e'QmfgL
ldlt x'g]5 . olb s'g} shf{sf] e'QmfgL ldlt g} gePdf sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ ;'ljwfdf kl/0ft ePsf] ldlt (Booking
date) nfO{ g} e'QmfgL ldlt dfGg' kg]{5 . -h:t}M– Uof/]06L e'QmfgL, Forced L/C, rfn' vftf lagf lnld6 cf]e/8«g
ePdf cflb_ .
@_ e'QmfgL ldlt lbg÷dlxgf÷;fn (day/month/year) cg';f/ /fVg' kg]{5 .
#_ obL shf{x?nfO{ e'QmfgL ldlt eGbf leGg cfwf/df juL{s/0f ul/Pdf, juL{s/0f ul/Psf] sf/0f s}lkmot dxndf
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . -pbfx/0fsf] nfluM C0fL sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePdf, Aoa;fo ;~rfng gePdf, shf{ b'?kof]u
ePdf cflb_ .
$_ ljkGg ju{ shf{ ;DjlGw ljj/0fx? 5'§} ljj/0fsf] ?kdf s'n /sd ;lxt b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
%_ of] shf{ ljj/0fdf Ps} ;d"xsf C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f 5'l§g] u/L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
^_ shf{ auL{s/0fdf c;n, k'g/tflnsLs/0f÷k'g/;+/rgf, sd;n, z+sf:kb tyf v/fj nfO{ qmdzM !, @, #, $ / %
pNn]v ug'{ kb{5 .

lgb]{zg kmf=g+=@=#
u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
===============;fn ==================d;fGt
qm=;+= C0fL jf kf6L{sf] u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ s'n u}/ a}+lsË gf]S;fgL Joj:yf v'b u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ
gfd 7]ufgf ;sf/ u/]sf] ldlt ;DklQ /sd ?= k|ltzt /sd ?= /sd ?=
-!_ -@_ -#_ -$_ -%_ -^_ -$_—-^_

s"n hDdf

ldlt clws[tsf] gfd

b:tvt

43
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= #÷)^&

laifo: Psn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 Pp6} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf]
;d"xnfO{ tyf cy{ Joj:yfsf] Ps} If]qdf k|jfx x'g] shf{sf ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n]
lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f
-!_ æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Pp6} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d"xnfO{ sf]ifdf
cfwfl/t (Fund Based) shf{ ;fk6 cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] j9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Dd / k|lttkq, hdfgt,
:jLsf/kq, arga4tf h:tf u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t (Non-Fund Based) jf;nft aflx/sf ;'ljwfx? (Off-
Balance Sheet Items) ;d]t u/L cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt;Dd k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
ljBdfg Psn shf{ ;LdfnfO{ @)^& df3 ! ut]b]lv sf]if tyf u}/–sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;Ldf ;d]t u/L
k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Dd /xg] u/L s'n ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
b]zsf] pTkfbg, /f]huf/L nufotsf kIfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L lgof{t If]q, ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u, cf}ifwL
pTkfbg pBf]u, s[lif If]q, ko{6g pBf]u, l;d]G6 pBf]u, kmnfd pBf]u tyf cGo pTkfbgd"ns
pBf]ux?df k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] Psn u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf clwstd #) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsn]
k|dfl0ft u/]sf] l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] jf;nftdf b]lvg] k|fylds k'FhLsf] cfwf/df k|ltu|fxs shf{
;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ / u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
leGg÷leGg ljifo ePsf] x'Fbf oL b'j}nfO{ hf]8]/ k|ltu|fxs shf{sf] s'n ;Ldf u0fgf ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-@_ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu
æljkGg jf Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ n3' Joj;fo ;+rfng ug{ n3' shf{sf] ?kdf k|lt ;d"x
;b:o÷JolQm a9Ldf ;f¶Lxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd, gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlw cGtu{t Solar Home Systems
/÷jf Bio-gas k|of]hgdf k|ltkl/jf/ a9Ldf ;f¶Lxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd / n3' pBd ;+rfngsf] nflu
:jLsf/of]Uo lwtf]÷;fd"lxs hdfgLdf ;d"x ;b:onfO{ k|lt Joj;fo Ps nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFdf
ga9\g] u/L n3'pBd shf{ pknJw u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .
t/, o:tf] n3' pBd shf{ s'n shf{ nufgLsf] a9Ldf klRr; k|ltzt;Dd dfq k|jfx ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
:ki6Ls/0f
o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æn3' Joj;foÆ eGgfn] bzhgf eGbf sd JolQm sfddf ;+nUg eO{ ;+rflnt
x'g] cfod"ns Joj;fo ;Demg' k5{ .
@= hnljB't kl/of]hgfdf nufgL ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg -Transmission Line_ / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgfdf nufgL ubf{
b]xfo cg';f/sf Joj:yfx? sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] hnljB't;Fu ;DalGwt kl/of]hgfx?df sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ tyf u}/
sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt;Dd nufgL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . t/, k|fylds
k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzteGbf a9L shf{ nufgL ug{] cj:yfdf ;DjlGwt lgsfo;+u clgjfo{ ?kdf ljB't
vl/b ;+emf}tf (Power Purchase Agreement) ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Dd k|rlnt Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL nufgL ug{ o; Joj:yfn]
jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

44
 -v_ o:tf kl/of]hgfsf] e'QmfgL tflnsf -Repayment Schedule_ tof/ ubf{ gub k|jfx tyf cGo
k|df0fsf] cfwf/df k'li6 x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ kl/of]hgf ljZn]if0f u/L ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] to u/]sf] Moratorium Period cyjf
To:tf] kl/of]hgfjf6 ljB't pTkfbg x'g] ;dodWo] h'g ;do cufl8 x'G5 ;f]xL ldltaf6 c;'n x'g'
kg]{5 . shf{sf] s'g} ls:tfn] efsf gf3]df () lbg;Dd c;n shf{sf] ?kdf ! k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 / () lbgeGbf a9Ln] efsf gf3]df To:tf] ls:tf /sdnfO{ v/fj ju{df
juL{s/0f u/L ls:tfsf] ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ :yflkt klAns lnld6]8 s+kgLsf] z]o/df nufgL u/]sf]
/sd lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t eOg;s]sf To:tf kl/of]hgfx?df nufgL u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf]
nufgL u/]sf] ldltn] tLg jif{leq pQm z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;"rLs[t gePsf] v08df nufgL eP
a/fa/sf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f u/L ;f] sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] sf]ifdf /x]sf]
/sd pQm z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;"rLs[t geP;Dd cGo s'g} klg k|of]hgsf] nflu pkof]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-ª_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljMz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg
(Transmission Line) / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL kl/of]hgfx?df nufgL ubf{ dfq ljBdfg @%
k|ltztsf] Psn u|fxs shf{ ;LdfnfO{ a[l4 u/L sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t
;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf %) k|ltzt;Dd nufgL ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
t/, hnljB't kl/of]hgf, ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg (Transmission Line) / s]jnsf/ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL
kl/of]hgf ;DaGwL u|fxsn] u}/ hnljB't÷ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg÷s]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf klg nufgL
ug{ rfx]df %) k|ltztsf] ;Ldf ggf3\g] u/L sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
;d]t u/L a9Ldf @% k|ltzt;Dd dfq shf{÷;'ljwf k|jfx ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-pbfx/0fsf] nflu, M sf]if tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] %)
k|ltzt ljz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgf÷ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg÷s]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf nufgL u/]df cGodf
nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5}g . sf]if tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf ;d]t u/L hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] $)
k|ltzt dfq ljz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgf÷ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg÷s]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf nufgL u/]df
cGodf !) k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5 . sf]if tyf u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf ;d]t u/L
hDdf k|fylds k'FhLsf] ! k|ltztb]lv @% k|ltzt dfq ljz'4 hnljB't kl/of]hgf÷ljB't k|zf/0f
nfOg÷s]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf nufgL u/]df cGodf @% k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5 . _
sy+sbflrt, u}/ hnljB't÷ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg÷ s]jnsf/ kl/of]hgfdf tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf gf3L shf{
k|jfx u/]df ;Ldf gf3]sf] /sd a/fa/sf] shf{df ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{
kg]{5 .
#= ;Ldf ;dfof]hg
u|fxsn] jf;nft aflx/sf ;'ljwfx? Ps k6s pkof]u ul/;s] kl5 o:tf] ;'ljwf sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{df
kl/0ft ePdf To:tf] u|fxssf] nflu ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ubf{ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ ;Ldf ;DaGwL lgb]{zg nfu" x'g]5 .
$= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldfdf 5'6
b]xfosf shf{ ;fk6 jf ;'ljwfsf] xsdf a''Fbf g+= ! df pNn]v ul/Psf] ;Ldf nfu" x'g] 5}g M–
-s_ d'2lt /l;b, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df / ljZj a}+s, Pl;ofnL
ljsf; a}+s tyf cGt//fli6«o ljQ lgud nufotsf g]kfn ;b:o ePsf] cGt//fli6«o ax'kIfLo
(Multilateral) ljQLo ;+:yfx? tyf cGt//fli6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+ssf] lgMzt{ hdfgtdf k|bfg
ul/g] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfx? .
;fy}, ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zgdf pNn]v
ePsf] Joj:yf ;d]t sfod /xg] u/L To:tf cGt//fli6«o ax'kIfLo ;+:yfn] hf/L ug]{ hdfgt
(Guarantee) df cfwfl/t eO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|bfg ug]{ shf{df k'FhLsf]ifsf] cg'kft
u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu z"Go hf]lvd ef/ (Zero Risk Weight) k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM cGt//fli6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+s eGgfn] ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotsf] n08gaf6 k|sflzt
The Banker klqsfn] k|To]s jif{ h'nfO{ dlxgfdf k|sfzg ug]{ Top Thousand World Banks sf]
;"rLdf l7s cl3Nnf] jif{ ;dfj]z ePsf a}+sx?nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{5 .
-v_ b]xfosf ;+:yfx?nfO{ …sÚ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 k|bfg ul/g] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfx? M–
!= g]kfn cfon lgud ln= @= g]kfn vfB ;+:yfg

45
%= ;+o'Qm nufgLstf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] Uof/]06L tyf sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{]
Joj:yf
;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;~rfngdf cfPsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLstf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf]
Uof/]06L tyf sfp06/ Uof/]06Ldf shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g . t/, o;/L k|bfg ul/Psf]
shf{df k|ltu|fxs shf{ ;Ldfsf] Joj:yf eg] nfu" x'g]5 . To:tf ;+o'Qm nufgLstf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+s ePdf dfly a'Fbf g+ $ sf] -s_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd s} Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 .
^= cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?nfO{ Pp6} ;d"x dflgg] Joj:yf
shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf ;Ldfsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d"xnfO{ b]xfosf
cj:yfdf Pp6} ;d"x dflgg] 5 M–
-s_ s'g} sDkgLn] csf]{ sDkgLsf] kRrL; k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] eP To:tf b'j} sDkgLx?,
-v_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 sDkgLsf z]o/xf]N8/x?, ;fem]bf/L kmd{sf
;fem]bf/, k|f]k|fO6/ tyf To:tf ;~rfns, z]o/wgL, ;fem]bf/, k|f]k|fO6/sf jf z]o/wgLx?sf Psf3/df
a;f]af; u/L cfPsf jf 5'§f5'§} 3/df a;f]af; u/]sf klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, wd{k'q, wd{k'qL,
afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfk"mn] kfngkf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO, tyf lbbL, alxgL,
-u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt JolQmx?n] PSn} jf ;+o'Qm?kdf csf]{ sDkgLsf] @% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L
z]o/ lnPsf] eP To:tf sDkgLx?,
-3_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf ;~rfns, z]o/xf]N8/, jf cGo gft]bf/x?n] PSn} jf ;+o'Qm ?kdf csf]{
sDkgLsf] kRrL; k|ltzt eGbf sd z]o/ lnPsf] eP tfklg To:tf] sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgdf b]xfosf
lsl;daf6 lgoGq0f ePsf To:tf sDkgLx?M–
-!_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf eO{,
-@_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v eO{, jf
-#_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsx?dWo] @% k|ltzteGbf a9L ;~rfnsx? lgo'Qm u/L .
-ª_ Ps} ;d"xsf egL cfj4 /x]sf kmd{, sDkgL jf To:tf ;d"xsf ;b:ox?,
-r_ v08 -v_ jdf]lhd Pp6f u|fxs jf sDkgLn] csf]{ u|fxs jf sDkgLnfO{ hdfgt lbPsf] eP To:tf
sDkgLx?,
-5_ Pp6} lwtf]df PseGbf a9L JolQmx?nfO{ shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] eP To:tf JolQmx?,
-h_ Ps cfk;df JolQmut hdfgL lbPsf] 5 eg] To:tf] hdfgL lbg]÷lng] JolQmx? .
&= cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Pp6f u|fxs jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] clen]v cw{jflif{s ?kdf tof/
u/L Ps dlxgfleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu tyf ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
*= cnu ;d"xsf] ?kdf lnOg] Joj:yf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf krf; k|ltzt eGbf a9L :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ 5'§} -cnu_
;d"xsf] ?kdf lnOg] 5 .
(= clws]lGb|t hf]lvd (Concentration Risk) Go"gLs/0f ug{] Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} Pp6f u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d"xnfO{ a'Fbf g+=
-!_ sf] pka'Fbf -!_ df tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L shf{ ;fk6 jf ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]df To;af6 pTkGg x'g]
clws]lGb|t hf]lvd vfDgsf] nflu ;LdfeGbf a9L k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6 jf ;'ljwfsf] zt k|ltzt yk
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf (Loan Loss Provision) sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= 7"nf C0fLx?sf] shf{ ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf a}sx?n] 7"nf C0fL -?= ! s/f]8 eGbfa9L shf{ pkof]u ug]{_ sf] shf{nfO{ ;dod}
cg'udg ug{ o; a}+saf6 pknAw Big Borrower Software cg';f/ b]xfosf] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!= æsÆ ju{sf a}+sx?n] pQm Software df /x]sf ljj/0fx? tyf xfn /x]sf C0fLx?sf] ;d"xsf] gfd yk
ug'{k/]df jf kl/jt{g ug'{ k/]df ;f] ljj/0f cfˆgf ;j} zfvfx?sf] ;d]t ;dli6ut ?kdf tof/ u/L
qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ! dlxgfleq a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf cfOk'Ug] u/L e-mail jf
Compact Disc dfkm{t clgjfo{ ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

46
 @= Software df Data Entry ubf{ qodf;nfO{ qmdzM !, @, #, $ / cfly{s jif{nfO{ kl5Nnf @ c+s
pNn]v u/L tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
!!= If]qut shf{ ;DjGwL Joj:yf
-!_ hf]lvd lgoGq0f ug{sf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kof{Kt cfGtl/s gLlt lgodx?sf] Joj:yf u/L
If]qut shf{ ;3gtfsf] cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 . t/, o; a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPdf a'Fbf g+= ( adf]lhd yk
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug{' kg]{5 . cy{ Joj:yfsf ljleGg If]qx?sf] ;"rL ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+=# df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ If]qut ?kdf k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ tyf ;'ljwfnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ;3gtf cg';f/ b]xfo
adf]lhd b'O{ txdf 5'6ØfP/ cg'udg, lgoGq0f tyf ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-kmf=g=+(=# sf] 9fFrf cg';f/_
-s_ tx ! M k|fylds k'FhLsf] %) - !)) k|ltzt;Dd Pp6} If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ ;fk6 /
;'ljwf . o:tf] shf{sf] dfkg / cg'udgsf] sfo{ljlw tyf ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfkm}n] u/L slDtdf q}dfl;s ?kdf cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ tx @ M k|fylds k'FhLsf] zt k|ltzteGbf a9L Pp6} If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf
;DjGwdf o:tf] shf{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ;d]t cg'df]bg
u/fOPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] To:tf shf{x?sf] ;Ldf
k|fylds k'FhLsf] zt k|ltzt eGbf a9L sfod /fVg] jf g/fVg] eGg] ;DaGwdf jflif{s ?kdf
lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ 3/hUuf tyf l/on :6]6 shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ 3/hUuf tyf l/on :6]6sf] ;'/If0fdf k|bfg x'g] shf{sf] /sd ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] 3/hUuf
tyf l/on :6]6 ;DklQsf] Fair Market Value sf] ^) k|ltzt ggf£g] u/L dfq k|bfg ug'{
kg]{5 .
-v_ s'g}klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] l/on :6]6df s'n shf{sf] @% k|ltzt / l/on :6]6 Pj+
cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ b'j}df u/L s'n shf{sf] $) k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] u/L shf{ k|jfx ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ o; zLif{s cGtu{tsf shf{x?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;dofjlwleq b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;Ldfleq Nofpg' kg]{5 M–
zLif{s @)^* cfiff9 d;fGtdf @)^( cfiff9 d;fGtdf
l/on :6]6 shf{ s'n shf{sf] a9Ldf !% k|ltzt s'n shf{sf] a9Ldf !) k|ltzt
l/on :6]6 / cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ s'n shf{sf] a9Ldf #) k|ltzt s'n shf{sf] a9Ldf @% k|ltzt
b'j}df u/L
-!_ l/on :6]6 shf{ / cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ eGgfn] lgb]{zg g+= ( sf] lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=#
-s_ k|of]hg cg';f/sf] shf{ ;fk6df plNnlvt k|i6Ls/0fsf] s|dzM l;=g+= % sf]
l/on :6]6 tyf l;=g+= & adf]lhdsf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{nfO{ a'emfpg] 5 .
-@_ shf{ k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlw cg';f/sf] ;Ldf gf£g]u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] cfˆgf] pQm k|of]hg÷Product x?df k|bfg u/]sf] shf{sf] k'g/;+/rgf jf
gjLs/0f ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
t/, o; kl/kqsf] ;+/rgf Pj+ efjgfnfO{ k|lts"n c;/ gkfg]{ u/L cGo ;Dk"0f{
Joj:yfnfO{ oyfjt sfod /fvL l/on :6]6 shf{ ;'ljwf pkef]u u/]sf C0fLn] pQm
shf{sf] @% k|ltzt ;fjfF tyf aSof}tf Aofh e'QmfgL u/]sf] cj:yfdf afFsL &%
k|ltzt ;fjfFnfO{ Ps k6ssf] nflu dfq ldlt @)^&÷#÷!$ b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L
clwstd Ps jif{;Ddsf nflu k'g/tflnsLs/0f /÷jf gjLs/0f ug{ ;lsg]] 5 .
-#_ ;du| ;Ldf sfod ug]{ l;nl;nfdf s'g} shf{ ljz]ifnfO{ e'QmfgL Dofb cufj} c;'nL
ug]{ u/L snAofs ug{ o; Joj:yfn] afWo u/fPsf] 5}g . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
k|To]s shf{sf] ls:tfaGbLsf] cfwf/df sfod /fv]sf] e'QmfgL Dofb;Dd ;f] shf{nfO{
;f]xL ls:tf adf]lhd shf{ c;'n ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .

47
 -$_ of] lgb]{zg hf/L x'g' - ldlt @)^^÷(÷@_ cufj} pQm k|of]hg÷Product cGtu{tsf]
shf{ ;Ldf :jLs[t eO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ k|lta¢tf lbO;s]sf] xsdf ;f]
k|lta¢tf cGtu{tsf] /sd a/fj/sf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ of] lgb]{zgn] afwf k'¥ofPsf]
dflgg] 5}g .
-%_ o; lgb]{zgsf] ldlt -@)^^÷(÷@_ kZrft k|bfg ePsf l/on :6]6÷cfjf;Lo 3/
shf{ @)^* cfiff9 d;fGt / @)^( cfiff9 d;fGtsf nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf]
;Ldfleq gcfPdf of] lgb]{zgsf] pNn+3g ePsf] dflgg] 5 . o;/L k|bfg ePsf]
l/on :6]6÷cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ ;Ldf gf3]df gf3]hlt /sdsf] nflu s'n hf]lvd
efl/t ;DklQsf] u0fgf ubf{ !%) k|ltztsf] hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ ax'cfjf;Lo 3/sf nflu Ps dfq a}+sn] shf{ k|jfx ug]{ eP ;f]xL a}+s /
;xljQLos/0f cGtu{tsf] shf{ eP cu'jf a}+sdf ckf6{d]G6 vl/bstf{x?n] Down
Payment jf a'lsË v'Nnf u/]kl5 hDdf u/]sf] /sd clgjfo{?kn] ;DalGwt a}+s jf
cu'jf a}+sdf hDdf u/fOPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM æPp6} If]qdf k|jflxt shf{Æ eGgfn] cy{Joj:yfsf] Ps} If]qsf u|fxsx?df k|jflxt
shf{ ;fk6 / hdfgt, arga4tf, k|lttkq h:tf ;'ljwfx? ;Demg' k5{ .
!@= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Pp6} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxsx?sf] ;d"xnfO{
/ cy{ Joj:yfsf] Ps} If]qdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|bfg ug{;Sg] shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf
lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= #÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt
@)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

48
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= #
If]qut shf{
-?= xhf/df_
qm= ;+= pBf]u÷If]qx? /sd ?=
! s[lif / jg ;DaGwL ===============================
!=! afnL÷afnL ;]jf ==============================
!=@ lrof÷skmL ==============================
!=# ;'lt{ ==============================
!=$ ;gkf6 ==============================
!=% kz'kfng÷kz'kfng ;]jf ÷kz' awzfnf ==============================
!=^ ag ==============================
!=& l;rfO{ ==============================
!=* cGo s[lif tyf s[lif hGo ;]jfx? ==============================
@ df5fkfng ;DaGwL ===============================
# vfgL ;DaGwL ===============================
#=! wft' tyf wfp -kmnfd, l;;f OToflb_ ==============================
#=@ sf]Onf ==============================
#=# r'g9'Ëf ==============================
#=$ DofUg];fO6 ==============================
#=% v/L ==============================
#=^ t]n tyf Uof; k|zf]rg (Extraction) ==============================
#=& vfgL ;DaGwL cGo ==============================
$ pTkfbg ;DaGwL ===============================
$=! vfB pTkfbg -Kofs ug]{, k|f];]l;Ë ug]{_ ==============================
$=@ s[lif, jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg ==============================
$=@=! lrgL ==============================
$=@=@ ;"lt{ k|zf]wg ==============================
$=@=# lr/fg tyf sfi7 pTkfbg÷kmlg{r/ ==============================
$=@=$ cGo ==============================
$=# k]o kbfy{ -ljo/, dbL/f, ;f]8f OToflb_ ==============================
$=#=! dlb/fhGo ==============================
$=#=@ dlb/f/lxt ==============================
$=$ x:tsnf ==============================
$=% a'gfO{ (Textile) pTkfbg Pj+ tof/L kf]zfs ==============================
$=^ sfuh tyf ;Da4 pTkfbg ==============================
$=& 5kfO tyf k|sfzg ==============================
$=* cf}iflw ==============================
$=( k|zf]lwt t]n tyf sf]Onf pTkfbg ==============================
$=!) vf]6f] tyf tf/lkg ==============================
$=!! /a/sf] 6fo/ ==============================
$=!@ 5fnf ==============================
$=!# Knfli6s ==============================
$=!$ l;d]06 ==============================
$=!% kTy/, df6f] tyf l;;fsf pTkfbgx? ==============================
$=!^ cGo lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pTkfbg ==============================
$=!& wft' – cfwf/e"t kmnfd tyf l:6n Knf06 ==============================
$=!* wft' – cGo KnfG6÷Hof;n ==============================
$=!( ljljw pTkfbg ==============================
% lgdf{0f ===============================
%=! cfjf;Lo -3/fo;L k|of]hg_ ==============================
%=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo -Jofkfl/s k|of]hg_ ==============================
%=# a[xt (Heavy) lgdf{0f -/fhdfu{, k'n OToflb_ ==============================
^= ljB't, Uof; / kfgL ===============================
^=! ljB't ;]jf ==============================
^=@ UofF; tyf UofF; kfOk nfOg ;]jf ==============================
& wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]l;g/L tyf On]S6«f]lgs cf}hf/ tyf h8fg ===============================
&=! h8fg ul/Psf (Fabricated) wft'sf ;fdfgx? ==============================
&=@ d]lzg cf}hf/ ==============================
&=# d]lzg/L – s[lif hGo ==============================
&=$ d]lzg/L – lgdf{0f, t]n If]q, vfgL ;DaGwL ==============================
&=% d]lzg/L – clkm; Pj+ sDKo'l6Ë (Computing) ==============================

49
&=^ d]lzg/L – cGo ;j} ==============================
&=& ljB'tLo pks/0f ==============================
&=* 3/fo;L pks/0f Pj+ cGo vKg] ;fdfg ==============================
&=( ;+rf/ pks/0f ==============================
&=!) On]S6«f]lgs kf6{k"hf{ ==============================
&=!! lrlsT;f ;DaGwL pks/0f ==============================
&=!@ h]g]/]6/x? ==============================
&=!# 3§ (Turbines) ==============================
* oftfoft , e08f/ / ;+rf/ ===============================
*=! df]6/uf8L, kf6{k"hf{ tyf ;xfos ;fdu|Lx? ==============================
*=@ h]6af]6÷hn oftfoft ==============================
*=# jfo'ofg tyf jfo'ofgsf] kf6{k"hf{ ==============================
*=$ oftfoft ;DaGwL cGo pTkfbgx? ==============================
*=% /]ndfu{ tyf ;8s ofqL cf];f/k;f/sf ;fwgx? ==============================
*=^ 6«s ;]jf tyf uf]bfd Joj:yf ==============================
*=& cGo ;a} ;]jf ==============================
( yf]s tyf v'b|f laq]mtf ===============================
(=! yf]s Jofkf/ – vKg] ;fdfg ==============================
(=@ yf]s Jofkf/ – gvKg] ;fdfg ==============================
(=# Automotive Dealer/Franchise ==============================
(=$ cGo v'b|f Jofkf/ ==============================
(=% cfoft Jofkf/ ==============================
(=^ lgof{t Jofkf/ ==============================
!) ljQ, jLdf tyf crn ;DklQ ===============================
!)=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yf ==============================
!)=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfg ==============================
!)=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfgx? ==============================
!)=!! cGo nufgL ;+:yfx? ==============================
!)=!@ crn ;DklQ (Real Estate) ==============================
!! xf]6n tyf /]i6'F/f ===============================
!!=! ko{6g ;]jf -6]«lsË, 6«fen Ph]G;L, kj{tf/f]x0f, l/;f]6{, /flˆ6Ë, SoflDkË cflb_ ==============================
!!=@ xf]6n -cGo ;]jf ;d]t_ ==============================
!!=# dgf]/~hg, l/lqmP;g, rnlrq ==============================
!@ cGo ;]jfx? ===============================
!@=! lj1fkg ;]jf ==============================
!@=@ Automotive ;]jf ==============================
!@=# cGo ;j} ;]jf sDkgLx? ==============================
!@=$ c:ktfn, lSnlgs OToflb ==============================
!@=% lzIff ;]jf ==============================
!# pkef]Uo shf{ ===============================
!#=! ;'g, rfFbL ==============================
!#=@ d'2lt /l;b ==============================
!#=# ;'/If0f kq ==============================
!#=$ q]ml86 sf8{ ==============================
!#=% xfo/ kr]{h -JolQmut pkof]u shf{_ ==============================
!$ :yfgLo ;/sf/ ===============================
!% cGo ===============================
hDdf ===============================
gf]6M pk/f]Qmfg';f/ plNnlvt zLif{sx?dWo] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] cfkm"n] ug{ kfpg] ljQLo sf/f]jf/x?;+u
;DjlGwt zLif{sx? dfq k|of]udf Nofpg' kg]{5 .
ldlt clws[t b:tvt

50
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= $÷)^&

laifo M n]vf gLlt tyf ljQLo laj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ n]vfgLlt tyf ljQLo ljj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwdf
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ ljQLo laj/0f ;DaGwL dfu{bz{g
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] dfu{bz{gleq /xL ljQLo laj/0fx? tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
s= cfly{s jif{sf] kl/efiff
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] >fj0f ! ut]b]lv cfiff9 d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlwnfO{ cfly{s jif{sf] ?kdf
dfGg' kg]{5 . t/ ;+:yfkgf ePsf] jif{sf] nflu ;+:yfkgf ePsf] ldltb]lv cfiff9 d;fGt;Ddsf]
cjlwnfO{ cfly{s jif{ dfGg' kg]{5 .
v= g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfnfO{ j}wflgs 9fFrf (Statutory Form) sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] jf;nft / gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx laj/0f / cGo
cg';"rL tyf ljj/0fx? o; a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrf / tl/sf cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . o;k|sf/
tof/ ul/Psf] laj/0f ;fntdfd ePsf] % -kfFr_ dlxgfleq n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
u= k|rlnt n]vf dfkb08sf] cg'z/0f ug'{ kg]{
ljQLo laj/0fx? o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPs]f cj:Yffdf jfx]s g]kfn n]vf dfkb08 (NAS)
cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . g]kfn n]vf dfkb08n] ;dfj]z gu/]sf If]qx?df cGt/{fli6«o n]vf dfkb08
(IAS) nfO{ cfwf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
3= ljQLo laj/0fx? k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] sfg'gL Joj:yf / tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg eO;s]kl5
;+nUg 9fFrf adf]lhdsf] jf;nft, gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fj / gub k|jfx laj/0fsf ;fy} oL ljQLo
laj/0fx?;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} cg';"rLx? tyf laj/0fx? jflif{s k|ltj]bg k'l:tsfdf k|sflzt ug{'
kg{]5 . ;fy}, ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu jf;nft, gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx laj/0f /
o; lgb]{zgsf] cg';"rL g+=$=!, $=@, $=!& / $=#) cg';f/sf] ljj/0f /fli6«o:t/sf ;+:yfsf] xsdf
/fli6«o:t/ / If]qLo:t/sf ;+:yfsf] xsdf If]qLo jf lhNnf:t/sf klqsfdf clgjfo{?kdf k|sflzt
ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf afl0fHo a}+sx?n] eg] cfˆgf] jflif{s lx;fa k|sfl;t ubf{
cg';"rL g+= $=#) / $=#) -s_ sf] ;6\6f cg';"rL g+= $=#) -s !_, $=#) -v_, $=#) -u_, $=#) -
3_ / $=#) -ª_ cg';f/sf] laj/0f clgjfo{?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;Dk"0f{ jflif{s
k|ltj]bgnfO{ cfˆgf] j]j;fO6df cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf jflif{s tyf q}dfl;s ?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ pk/f]Qm
ljj/0fx? cfˆgf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf dfq} 6fF:g klg ;lsg]5 .
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd o; a}+ssf] ljleGg ljefu tyf sfof{nox?df k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljleGg
tYofÍ kmf/fdx? tyf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ u/L tf]lsPsf laj/0f ;DaGwL cGo s'g} klg lgb]{zgnfO{ o;
lgb]{zgn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-1_ a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;Dk')f{ zfvfx?sf] ;d]t sf/f]af/ ;dfj]z u/L jf:tljs PsLs[t ljQLo
laj/)f nufot k|d"v ljQLo kl/;'rsx? -Major Financial Indicators_ sf] ljj/)f x/]s
qodf;sf] dlxgf Joltt ePsf] ldltn] 35 lbgleq s"g} Ps /fli^«o:t/sf] b}lgs klqsfdf clgjfo{
?kdf k|sflzt u/L ;f] sf] Ps k|lt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;"kl/j]If)f
ljefunfO{ ;d]t pknAw u/fpg" kg]{% . -;+nUg g]=/f=a}+s cg";'rL 4=c_

51
 -2_ a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yfx?n] q}dfl;s laQLo laj/)f k|sfzg ubf{ clgjfo{ ?kdf cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIfsaf^ k|dfl)ft u/fP/ dfq k|sfzg ug{" kg]{% .
-3_ x/]s cfly{s aif{sf] cGTodf ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ckl/is[t ljQLo ljj/)f / n]vfk/LIf)f ePsf]
laQLo laj/)faLr b]lvPsf] cGt/ ;DaGwdf sf/)f v"nfO{ tflnsfs} ?kdf ;+:yfsf] aflif{s
k|ltj]bgsf] cnUu} kfgfdf ;+nUg g]=/f=a}+s cg";'rL 4=35 sf] (f+rfdf k|sflzt ug{" kg{]% .
-4_ a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yfx?n] laQLo laj/)f k|sflzt ubf{ pQm cjlwsf] sd{rf/L af]g;, cfos/
Aoj:yf nufotsf ;Dk')f{ vr{x?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/]/ dfq k|sflzt ug"{ kg{]% .
-5_ a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;j{;fwf/)fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ckl/is[t ljQLo ljj/)f k|sfzg ubf{
æ;"kl/j]If)f ug]{ lgsfo tyf jfX\o n]vfk/LIfsn] yk÷#^ ug{ lgb]{zg lbPdf kl/is[t ljQLo
ljj/)fdf km/s kg{ ;Sg]%Æ eGg] Joxf]/fsf] km"^gf]^ /fvL k|sfzg ug{" kg]{% .
-6_ P]g, gLlt, lgod tyf lgb{]zgdf :ki^ ul/Psf laifodf ;d]t a}+s Aoj:yfkgn] ;dod} ;dfof]hg
gu/L laQLo laj/)fdf km/s k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos sf/afxL ul/g]% .
ª= cfGtl/s k|of]hgsf] lgldQ n]vf /fVg]
o; lgb]{zgn] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] cfGtl/s k|of]hgsf] lgldQ tof/ ul/g] cGo
n]vf laj/0fx?nfO{ afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
r= g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrf / zLif{sdf s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ gkfOg]
jf;nft tyf gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjsf] ;fy} cg';"rLx?df tf]lsPsf] s'g} zLif{s cGt/ut /sd
g/x]sf] eP tfklg ;f] zLif{s sfod} /fvL o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
t/, cg';"rLx?df pNn]v ePsf] æcGoÆ zLif{sleq /xg] u/L cfjZostfg';f/ c? zLif{sx? ;dfj]z
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
5= ljQLo laj/0fx? k]z ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;Dk"0f{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] jflif{s lx;fasf] cfwf/df tof/ kf/]sf]
ljQLo ljj/0f afXo n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|f/lDes n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 pQm k|f/lDes
k|ltj]bg, ;f] k|ltj]bg pk/ Joj:yfkgsf] hjfkm tyf ;f]sf cfwf/df tof/ kfl/Psf] ljQLo
ljj/0fx? -jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa, gub k|jfx ljj/0f tyf o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/sf
;Dk"0f{ cg';"rLx?, shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfsf] ljj/0f ;d]t_ ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf :jLs[ltsf
nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o; a}+saf6 pQm ljj/0fsf cfwf/df u}/:ynut ;'kl/j]If0f u/L s'g} ;+zf]wg
ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f]sf] ;dfof]hg cfly{s jif{sf] ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L
;dfof]lht ljQLo ljj/0fx?, n]vfk/LIfssf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tyf n+ukmd{ cl86 l/kf]6{ (Long Form
Audit Report, LFAR) tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/fO{ !% lbgleqdf o; a}+ssf] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefux?df k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ tof/ u/]sf]
jflif{s lx;fa (Annual Accounts) o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0fsf] ;xdlt lnP/ dfq ;fj{hlgs
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ k|d'v n]vf gLltx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ckgfpg' kg]{ n]vf gLltx?sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M
s= n]vf gLlt k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf gLlt ;fdfGo n]vf l;4fGt / a}+lsË Joj;fodf k|rlnt n]vf gLlt
tyf g]kfn n]vf dfkb08 (NAS) tyf cGt//fli6«o dfkb08nfO{ ;d]t cfwf/ dfgL tof/ ul/Psf] x'g'
kg]{5 . ljQLo laj/0fx? tof/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf Joj:yfkgn] ckgfPsf k|d'v n]vf gLltx?nfO{
cg';"rL $=#@ df ;dfj]z u/L jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
v= n]vf gLlt cGtu{t v'nfpg tf]lsPsf zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
!= x|f;s§f gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;fdfGotM :jLsfo{ n]vf l;4fGt (Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles) adf]lhdsf] s'g} klg x|f;s§f gLlt ckgfpg ;Sg]5 . t/, h'g gLlt ckgfOPsf]
xf], To;af/] n]vf gLltdf :ki6 hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL x|f;s§f
b/ sfod ug]{ clwsf/ ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgdf /xg]5 .

52
@= cfos/ Joj:yf gLlt
gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjdf n]lvPsf] vr{x?dWo] s'g} s'g} vr{ /sdx? cfos/ P]g tyf
lgodfjnL cg';f/ cf+lzs jf k"/} ?kdf 5'6 gkfpg] x'g;Sg], ;fy} s'g} cfodf cfos/ 5'6
lbOPsf] x'g ;Sg] cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjn] b]vfPsf] v'b d'gfkmf / s/ of]Uo
d'gfkmf (Taxable Profit) df km/s kg{ ;Sb5 . t;y{, cfos/ d"NofÍgsf] nflu
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] v'b d'gfkmfdf cfos/ P]g / ;f] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodfjnL
adf]lhd vr{, cfDbfgLdf cfjZos yk36 u/L cnUu} s/ of]Uo cfDbfgL lgwf{/0f ug'{
kg]{5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ x'g] /sdsf] cfos/ Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt lnO{ n]vf gLlt cGtu{t
hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
#= nufgL ;DaGwL gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held For Trade), ljqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL
(Available for Sale) tyf e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held in Maturity) u/L ltg
efudf 5'§ofpg' kg]{5 . ;f] cg';f/ 5'§f5'§} zLif{sdf nufgLnfO{ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-s_ Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held for Trading): cNksfndf d"Nodf x'g] kl/jt{gaf6 gfkmf
cfh{g ug]{ p2]Zon] ul/Psf nufgL tyf nufgL kf]6{kmf]lnof]df /x]sf Ps} k|s[ltsf
;DklQdf ePsf] nufgL o; ju{df kb{5g\ . o:tf nufgLnfO{ ahf/b/ cg'?k
b}lgs?kdf d"NofÍg ug]{ (Marked to Market on Daily Basis) / d"Nodf x'g]
leGgtfnfO{ gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fj vftfdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f
;+nUg g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= $=!@=! sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity): e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug{]
;sf/fTds dg;fo (Positive Intent) / e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf
(Ability to Hold till Maturity) eO{ ul/Psf] nufgL o; ju{df kb{5 . b]xfosf
cj:yfdf wf/0f ug]{ ;sf/fTds dg;fo ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!= c3f]lift ;do (Undefined Period) ;Dd wf/0f ug]{ dg;fo / Ifdtf ePdf .
@= gbf]xf]l/g] / cgk]lIft (Non-recurring and Unanticipated) cj:yfdf afx]s
ahf/ Aofhb/ kl/jt{g jf hf]lvd, t/ntfsf] cfjZostf, a}slNks
nufgLdf k|fKt x'g] cfo (Yield), ljQLo ;|f]t / zt{ jf ljb]zL d'b|f
hf]lvddf x'g] kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] ;DklQ laqmL ug{ ;+:yf tTk/ ePdf .
e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity) nfO{ ckn]lvt nfut
(Amortised Cost) df d"NofÍg ug'{ kb{5 . k/n d"No (Cost Price) af6 Iflt
(Impairments) 36fP/ ckn]lvt nfut u0fgf ug'{ k5{ . IfltnfO{ ;DalGwt cjlwsf]
gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fj vftfdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg
g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= $=!@=@ sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ ljqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL (Available for Sale): Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held for
Trading) / e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity) cGtu{t gkg]{
;Dk"0f{ nufgLnfO{ o; ju{df /fVg] . o:tf nufgLnfO{ ahf/b/ cg'?k lgoldt
?kdf d"NofÍg (Marked to Market on Regular Basis) u/L leGgtfnfO{ hu]8f
(Reserves) dfkm{t ;dfof]hg (Adjust) ug'{ kb{5 . ;+:yfx?n] ljqmLsf] nflu pknAw
nufgL kf]6{kmf]lnof] (Available for Sale Portfolio) sf] @Ü ;Ddsf] /sd k'/s k'FhL
(Supplementary or Tier 2 Capital) df u0fgf x'g] nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if (Investment
Adjustment Reserve) v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg
g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= $=!@=# sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t gePsf / ;lqmo ahf/ (Active Market) gePsf
Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held for Trading) tyf ljqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL (Available
for Sale) x?sf] xsdf nfut d"No (Cost Price) df n]vfÍg u/L O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= *
jdf]lhd nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]ifsf] Joj:yf u/L ;f] afktsf] v'b nufgL jf;nftdf
k|:t't ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, af]g; z]o/ k|fKt ePdf z]o/ ;+Vof dfq yk ug'{ kg]{5,
o;nfO{ cfDbfgL hgfpg kfOg] 5}g .

53
$ ;6xL 36a9 ;dfof]hg gLlt
ljb]zL d'b|f;Fu ;DalGwt ;DklQ, bfloTj tyf ;6xL 36a9 cfDbfgL tyf vr{x?sf] n]vfÍg
ug]{ tl/sfnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf gLlt cGtu{t v'nfpg' kg]{5 . ljb]zL d'b|f
sf/f]af/af6 x'g] cfDbfgLdWo] vl/b ljqmLaf6 x'g] gfkmf÷gf]S;fg (Trading Profit/Loss) /
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] k'g/d"NofÍgaf6 x'g] gfkmf÷gf]S;fg (Revaluation Gain/Loss) sf] :ki6 b]lvg]
u/L 5'§f5'§} n]vf /fVg' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL ljlgdo b/df x'g] kl/jt{gsf]
cfwf/df sDtLdf k|To]s d;fGtdf æ;6xL 36a9 lx;fjÆ nfO{ ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 / k|To]s
;fntdfddf ;dfof]lht v'b k'g/d"NofÍg gfkmf–gf]S;fgsf] olsg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fntdfddf
k'g/d"NofÍg gf]S;fg ePdf gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 . olb ;dfof]lht
v'b k'g/d"NofÍg /sd gfkmf ePdf ;f]nfO{ gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf cfDbfgL hgfO{ pQm
gfkmfsf] sDtLdf @% k|ltzt /sd gfkmf–gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fj dfkm{t\ ;6xL 36a9 sf]if
lx;fjdf ljlgof]lht ug'{ kg]{5 .
% u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQsf] n]vfÍg gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} shf{ c;'nL gePdf ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] lwtf] j]rljvg u/L afFsL
;fFjf / Aofh p7fpg ;Sg]5 . ;+:yfn] shf{ c;'n ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lwtf] lnnfdL ubf{
lnnfd laqmL gePdf cfkm}n] ;sf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;sf/ ubf{ lwtf]sf] k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf
lwtf] ;sf/ ug{ cl3Nnf] lbg ;Ddsf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd dWo] h'g sd x'G5 ;f]xL d"Nodf
d"Nof+sg ug'{ kg]{5 . olb lwtf]sf] jhf/ d"No shf{sf] n]gf /sd eGbf sd ePdf sd
ePhlt /sd ;f]xL cfly{s jif{df gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ n]vL ;f]xL Joxf]/f n]vf
gLltdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/, o;/L d"NofÍg ubf{ To:tf] u}/ a}+lsË ;+klQ jfktsf] /sd ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf lx;fj ldnfg
geP;Dd n]gf /sddWo]sf] Aofh /sdnfO{ gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fadf cfDbfgL hgfpg kfOg]
5}g / To:tf] /sdnfO{ u}/ a}+lsË ;+klQ jfktsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yfdf ;fg'{ kg]{5 .
^ k'FhLs[t gul/g] ;DklQx? ;DaGwL n]vfÍg gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgn] s'g} lglZrt df]n;Dd kg]{ pks/0f, ;fdfgx? k'FhLs[t
gug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5 eg] ;f] s'/f n]vf gLlt cGtu{t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
& cfDbfgL÷vr{ n]vfÍg ug]{ gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} klg cfo÷vr{nfO{ ;fdfGotof k|f]befjL cfwf/ (Accural Basis)
df cfo÷vr{ hgfpg'kg]{ 5 . t/ shf{÷;fk6sf] Aofh cfDbfgL hgfpg] ;DjGwdf gub
k|fKtLsf] cfwf/df dfq hgfpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
cfDbfgL÷vr{ hgfpg] ;DjGwdf lnPsf] gLltnfO{ cfˆgf] n]vf gLltdf :ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
* ;Defljt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf tyf c;'nL x'g g;Sg] shf{x?sf] ckn]vg gLlt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ ;Defljt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
sfod /fVg'kg]{] x'Fbf ;f]xL Joxf]/f n]vf gLltdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 . ;fy} c;'n x'g g;Sg]
shf{x?sf] o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL ckn]vg ug]{ / Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfåf/f clVtof/ u/]sf] gLlt ;d]t n]vf gLlt cGt/ut v'nfpg' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg ljlgodsf] cfwf/df /xL ckn]vg gLlt th'{df ug'{ kg]{5 .
( shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh c;'n ug]{ Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;DjlGwt C0fLaf6 /sd c;'npk/ ubf{ To:tf] c;'n /sd
dWo]af6 ;j{k|yd c;'n pk/ ug'{kg]{ Aofh /sd ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf c;'npk/ ePkl5sf]
cj:yfdf dfq afFsL /sd ;fFjfdf cfjZos lx;fj ldnfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/, k'g/;+/rgf / k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul/Psf v/fj shf{x?sf] ;Gbe{df pk/f]Qm Joj:yf nfu"
x'g] 5}g .
!) cGo gLltx?
pko'{Qm k|d'v n]vf gLltx? afx]s jf;nft / gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjnfO{ a'em\g / ljZn]if0f
ug{ ;3fp k'Ug]u/L cGo s'g} n]vf gLltsf] hfgsf/L lbg cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f] Joxf]/f ;d]t
n]vf gLltdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

54
-#_ n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLx?
o; cGtu{t sDtLdf lgDg ljifox? ;dfj]z u/L cg';"rL $=## df jflif{s n]vf laj/0fx?;Fu k|sflzt ug'{
kg]{5 .
!= jif{el/df k|jfx ePsf] shf{ ;fk6, c;'nL ePsf] / ldgfxf ul/Psf] ;fFjf tyf Aofhsf] laj/0f .
@= lgIf]k bfloTj cGtu{t k|To]s zLif{sdf jif{el/df kl/jt{g -k|fKtL, e'QmfgL tyf jfFsL_ ePsf] /sd .
#= lgIf]k / shf{sf] efl/t cf}ift Aofh b/sf] cGt/ (Weighted Average Interest Rate Spread) .
$= ckn]vg x'g afFsL vr{sf] laj/0f .
%= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ / bfloTj;Fu ;DalGwt sf/f]af/ / jf;nft aflx/sf] sf/f]af/ s'g}
Ps JolQm kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf tyf s'g} Ps If]qdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L clws]lGb|t
ePsf] laj/0f .
^= t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] bfloTj tyf ;DklQnfO{
e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) sf] cfwf/df ljleGg ;do cGt/fndf juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{ ;DaGwdf
o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg cg'?k ;DklQ / bfloTjsf] juL{s/0f ul/Psf] laj/0f .
&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;'/If0fsf ?kdf cfˆgf] ;DklQ lwtf] /fvL /sd lnPsf] 5 eg] ;f]sf] laj/0f .
(= u}/ a}ls+u ;DklQ ;DalGw ljj/0f -ut jif{sf], o; jif{ :jLsf/÷ljqmL / v'b jfFsL /sd_ .
!)= r'Qmf k'FhLdWo] clu|d e'QmfgL k|fKt (Paid in Advance), e'QmfgL k|fKt x'g afFsL (Calls in Arrears) /
hkmt ul/Psf t/ k'gM lgisfzg gul/;s]sf (Forfeited But Not issued) z]o/x? /x]sf] 5 eg] o;
;DaGwL ljj/0f .
!!= lnhxf]N8 ;DklQdf ut jif{;Dd / o; jif{ ckn]vg (Amortization) ul/Psf] /sdsf] ljj/0f .
!@= ljQLo ljj/0fx?nfO{ a'e\mg / ljZn]if0f ug{ ;3fp k'Ug] hfgsf/L lbg cfjZos b]lvPsf cGo
laj/0f .
!#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Ph]G;L df}Hbft cGtu{t cjlw cg';f/sf] -! jif{, !–# jif{, # jif{eGbf a9L_
lx;fa ldnfg x'g afFsL /sdsf] ljj/0f .
-$_ jf;nftsf zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
k'FhL tyf bfloTjtk{m
!= z]o/ k'FhL
o; zLif{sdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf z]o/ k'FhL pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 . ;l~rt d'gfkmf jf hu]8f
/sdaf6 af]g; z]o/ hf/L ePdf o;/L hf/L u/L z]o/ k'FhLdf hDdf u/]sf] /sdnfO{ ;d]t cg';"rL
$=! df pNn]v (Disclose) ug'{ kg]{5 . z]o/ k'FhL;Fu ;DalGwt laj/0f cg';"rL $=! adf]lhd x'g'
kg]{5 / ;f]xL cg';"rLsf] qmd ;+Vof !=# sf] s'n /sd jf;nftsf] o; zLif{sdf hgfpg' kg]{5 .
@= hu]8f tyf sf]ifx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hu]8f sfod ug]{ l;nl;nfdf gfkmfaf6 afF8kmfF8 e} cfPsf jf cGo s'g}
k|lqmofaf6 ;[hgf ePsf tyf gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjdf afF8kmfF8 gu/L ;+ro u/L /flvPsf] /sdx?nfO{
o; zLif{s -cg';"rL $=@_ df hgfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf ;fdfGotM gfkmf–gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf
vr{ hgfO{ hDdf ug'{ kg]{ / oL hu]8f k|of]u ubf{ ;DalGwt hu]8f tyf sf]if lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg'
kg]{5 .
-s_ ;fwf/0f÷j}wflgs hu]8f sf]if
;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if eg]sf] j}wflgs hu]8f sf]if (Statutory Reserve) xf] . o; cGtu{t a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g cg';f/ v'b d'gfkmf ljlgof]hgaf6 ;fl/Psf] /sd ;dfj]z
ug{' kg]{5 . ;fwf/0f÷j}wflgs hu]8f sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sdaf6 s'g} klg k|sf/sf] nfef+z -gub
jf af]g; z]o/_ ljt/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . pQm sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd k|of]u ug{ o; a}+ssf]
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-v_ k'FhLut hu]8f sf]if
k'FhLut hu]8f sf]if cGt{ut b]xfosf zLif{sx? /xg] 5g\ .
-c_ z]o/ lk|ldod
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] z]o/ hf/L ubf{ z]o/sf] c+lst d"No eGbf a9L b/n]
hf/L u/]sf] /x]5 eg] pQm a9L /sd hlt o; lx;fjdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;
lx;fjdf /xg] /sd gub nfef+z ljt/0f k|of]hgsf] nflu of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .
-cf_ k'FhLut hu]8f
o; cGt/ut lgDg /sdx? /fVg' kg]{5 .

55
 – r'Qmf gePsf] z]o/sf] afFsL /sd dfu ubf{ e'QmfgL gu/]sf] sf/0fn] pQm
z]o/nfO{ hkmt u/L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] /sd .
– kF'hLut cg'bfg jfkt k|fKt x'g cfPsf] lhG;L tyf gub /sd .
-O_ ;DklQ k'gd"{NofÍg hu]8f (Assets Revaluation Reserve)
sDkgLn] ;DklQsf] k'g/d"NofÍg u/L ;[hgf x'g cfPsf] hu]8fnfO{ o; cGtu{t
/fVg' kg]{ 5 .
-O{_ cGo k'FhLut hu]8f
-u_ nfef+z ;dLs/0f sf]]if
nfef+zdf Ps?ktf sfod ug{] p2]Zon] gfkmf ePsf] cj:yfdf gfkmfaf6 o; vftfdf hDdf
ug{;lsGf] 5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] k|:tfj / ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cg'df]bgdf o;
vftf vr{ u/L nfef+z lbg ;lsg] 5 .
-3_ ;l~rt gfkmf÷gf]S;fg
o; cGtu{t gfkmf÷gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf b]lvPsf] ;l~rt gfkmf jf ;l~rt
gf]S;fgnfO{ b]vfpg' kg]{ 5 . ;l~rt gf]S;fgnfO{ C0ffTds lrGx lbO{ jf sf]i7 -===_ leq
b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-ª_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
o; a}+saf6 tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'¥ofpg k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f u/L /fv]sf]
/sd jf ljz]if cj:yfdf z]o/wgLx?jf6 clu|d hDdf -Calls in Advance_ u/L /fv]sf] /sd
o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-r_ cGo hu]8f sf]if
s'g} vf; p2]Zo lnP/ jf glnO{sg cGo s'g} hu]8f sf]if -dfly pNn]lvt afx]s_ v8f u/]df
zLif{s vf]nL o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
#= C0fkq tyf j08
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fkq tyf a08 hf/L u/L k'FhL p7fPsf] ePdf pQm /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s
cGtu{t cg';"rL $=# cGtu{t ;DalGwt pks/0fsf] gfd v'nfO{ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . jf;nftsf] o;
zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=# sf] s'n /sd;Fu a/fa/ x'g' kg]{5 .
$= ltg{ afFsL shf{ -;fk6L_
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfkm"n] shf{ ;fk6 lnO{ ltg{ afFsL /x]sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o; zLif{sdf hgfpg'
kg]{5 . o; zLif{s ;DjGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL $=$ df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ ljnx?
-s_ o; cGtu{t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆg} zfvfx?af6 Ps csf]{ zfvf pk/ lvlrPsf],
:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 cfkm" pk/ lvr]sf] 8«fˆ6, l6=l6=, d]n
6«fG;km/ tyf cGo k]–c8{/ dWo] e'QmfgL lbg afFsL /sd ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . cfk"m pk/
lvlrPsf] e'QmfgL cfb]zsf] ;"rgf jf ;]8\o'n jf cfb]z k|fKt x'g] ljlQs} ;DalGwt zfvf
lx;fj jf Ph]G;L lx;fj 8]lj6 u/L of] lx;fj q]ml86 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] l8:sfp06 u/]sf ljnx?nfO{ olb cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu k'gM
l8:sfp06 u/]df ;f] ;+:yfn] ljn l8:sfp06 lx;fjnfO{ g} q]ml86 u/L l8:sfp06 lx;fj aGb
ug{ jf k'gM l8:sfp06 ul/Psf ljn lx;fj egL leGb} vftf vf]nL o;df q]ml86 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
of] lx;fjdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ klg e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ ljn cGtu{t g} Psd'i6 u/L b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
ljn l8:sfp06 lx;fjd} q]ml86 ug]{ eP Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lx;fj lstfjdf k'gM
l8:sfp06 u/]sf] ;DaGwL s]xL bfloTj gb]lvg] x'G5 . t/, k'gM l8:sfp06 ljn ;DaGwL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cb[Zo bfloTj /lx/xg] x'Fbf To:tf] /sdnfO{ jf;nftdf ;Defljt
bfloTj cGtu{t hgfpg' kg]{5 .
^= lgIf]k bfloTj
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kstf{x?af6 kl/rfng u/]sf] s"n lgIf]k o; zLif{s cGt/ut b]vfpg'
kg]{5 . o; zLif{s ;DjGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL $=% adf]lhd x'g' kg]{5 .
&= k|:tfljt tyf e'QmfgL lbg afF+sL nfef+z
k|:tfljt tyf ;fwf/0f;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] t/ e'StfgL u/L g;s]sf] nfef+; /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg'
kg]{5 .

56
*= cfos/ bfloTj
;+:yfn] o; zLif{s cGtu{t cfos/ P]g adf]lhd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ cfos/ jfktsf] Joj:yf /sd
/fVg' kg]{5 . cu|Ld e'QmfgL ePsf] cfos/ /sd 36fP/ v"b ltg{ afFsL cfos/ eP dfq o; zLif{s
cGtu{t /fVg'' kg]{5 . olb cfos/ bfloTj eGbf clu|d s/ e'QmfgL /sd a9L /x]df v'b /sd cGo
;DklQdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
(= cGo bfloTj
;+:yfsf] lx;fadf b]lvPsf dfly pNn]lvt k'FhL tyf bfloTjx? afx]ssf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf
bfloTjx? o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o;df lbOPsf] pkzLif{sx? ;Lldt /x]sf] dflgPsf] 5}g /
;+:yfn] cfjZostf cg';f/ cGoq k|bz{g ug{ g;lsg] zLif{sx? o;df /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-s_ e'QmfgL lbg aFfsL af]g;
sd{rf/LnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg afFsL] af]g; /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-v_ lgIf]kdf e'QmfgL lbg afF+sL Aofh
lgIf]kdf e'QmfgL lbg afFsL] Aofh /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-u_ shf{ tyf ;fk6Ldf e'QmfgL lbg aFfsL Aofh
;+:yfn] shf{ tyf ;fk6Ldf e'QmfgL lbg aFfsL Aofh /sd o; cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-3_ kfsL g;s]sf] sldzg
;+:yfn] s'g} ;]jf ul/lbP jfkt kfpg] sldzg b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L cfly{s jif{sf] nflu
k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt 5 eg] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfsf] cfwf/df b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L
cflys jif{df cfDbfgL hgfpg' kg]{5 . cfDbfgL hgfpg aFfsL clu|d?kdf k|fKt sldzg
/sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-ª_ ;08«L qm]l86;{
;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfd sf/jfxLsf l;nl;nfdf e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ t/ cGo zLif{s cGtu{t gkg]{
bfloTjx? o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-r_ n]vfk/LIf0f z'Ns
n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ u/] afkt n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg aF+fsL /sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t
/fVg' kg]{5 .
-5_ pkbfg sf]if
;+:yfn] cfˆgf] sd{rf/L lgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx?k|ltsf] pkbfg jfktsf] bfloTj /sd
o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-h_ sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if
;+:yfn] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;+ros]fif Affkt k|bfg ug{sf] nflu sd{rf/Lsf] dfl;s tnaaf6 s§f
ul/Psf], ;+:yfn] yk u/]sf] / To; sf]ifn] cfh{g u/]sf] Aofh tyf cfDbfgL jfktsf] bfloTj
/sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-em_ zfvf lx;fa
;+:yfsf] ljleGg zfvfsf] lx;fa ldnfgubf{ qm]l86 Jofn]G; cfPdf o; zLif{s cGtu{t
k|:t't ug{' kg]{5 .
;DklQtk{mM
!= gub df}Hbft
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfˆgf] 9's'6Ldf :jb]zL Pj+ ljb]zL d'b|fdf /x]sf] s'n gub df}Hbft /sd o;
zLif{sdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o; zLif{ssf] lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL $=* df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf Aofh k|fKt gx'g] u/L hDdf u/]sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o;
zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
#= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df Aofh k|fKt gx'g] u/L hDdf
u/]sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{ssf] /sd cg';"rL $=!) sf] s'n
/sd;Fu a/fa/ x'g' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx?n] Ps xKtfsf] clu|d
;"rgfdf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] u/L :jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ævÆ, æuÆ / æ3Æ

57
 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] /fv]sf] ltg dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlwsf d'2lt lgIf]knfO{ ;d]t cg';"rL
$=!) sf] a'Fbf g+= ! ævÆ cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
$= dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sd
o; zLif{sdf j9Ldf & lbg;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) sfod u/L dfu ugf{;fy jf
5f]6f] cjlwsf] ;"rgf -$* 306f_ df e'QmfgL k|fKt x'g] zt{df cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf -:jb]zL jf
ljb]zL_ df Aofh k|fKt x'g] u/L nufgL ul/Psf] /sd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o; zLif{ssf] /sd cg';"rL
$=!! df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= nufgL
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Jofkfl/s nufgL (Held For Trade), ljqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL
(Available for Sale) tyf e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL (Held to Maturity) u/L ltg
efudf 5'§ofO b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ z]o/ nufgLaf6 k|fKt x'g] af]g; z]o/nfO{ z]o/ ;+Vofdf dfq j[l4 u/L k/ndf]ndf s'g}
kl/jt{g gu/L nufgLsf] n]vfÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k'FhLdf nufgL ul/Psf] laj/0f cg';"rL $=!@ -s_ sf] z]o/ nufgL zLif{sdf
b]vfpg' kg]{5 . pQm laj/0fdf lgDg s'/fx? :ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-!_ sDkgLsf] gfd
-@_ z]o/sf] lsl;d -;fwf/0f jf lk|km/]G;_, lk|km/]G; z]o/df nfef+z b/ ;d]t .
-#_ lnPsf] z]o/ lsQf -af]g; z]o/ kfPsf] eP ;f] ;d]t_ .
-$_ k|lt z]o/ c+lst d"No
-%_ k/n df]n dxndf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nfut .
-^_ :6s PS;r]Ghdf ;"rLs[t z]o/ eP jf;nftsf] lbgsf] ;"lrs[t d"No .
-&_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] z]o/df nufgL u/]sf] s'g} sDkgLn] ljut # jif{ jf ;f]eGbf
a9L ;dob]lv s'g} nfef+z 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5}gg\ eg] ;f] ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{ .
-3_ sDkgLx?sf] l8j]Gr/ tyf j08df ul/Psf] nufgLsf] laj/0f cg';"rL $=!@ -s_ sf] l8j]Gr/
tyf j08 nufgL zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-!_ sDkgLsf] gfd
-@_ Aofhb/
-#_ l8j]Gr/÷j08sf] lsQf
-$_ l8j]Gr/÷j08sf] c+lst d"No
-%_ l8j]Gr/÷j08sf] e'QmfgL x'g] ldlt
-^_ l8j]Gr/÷j08 vl/bsf] nfut d"No æk/n df]nÆ dxndf b]vfpg' kg]{ .
-ª_ lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t z]o/, l8j]Gr/ tyf cGo lwtf]kq k/n d"NoeGbf ahf/ d"No
sd ePdf To:tf k|To]s nufgLx?df xfgL gf]S;fgL jfkt Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] /sd nufgLsf] s'n /sddf 36fO{ v'b nufgL /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . ;fy}
cg';"rL $=!@ sf] qm=;+= * / ( sf] s'n /sd cg';"rL $=!@ -s_ sf] s'n nufgLsf] /sd;Fu
a/fa/ x'g' kg]{5 .
-r_ cg';"rL $=!@ sf] qm=;+= ! b]lv ( ;Dd pNn]v eP jfx]ssf] nufgLnfO{ cGo nufgL
cGtu{tsf] zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
^= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ljn vl/b
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] s'n shf{ ;fk6, vl/b tyf l8isfp06 ul/Psf ljnx? jfktsf]
s'n jSof}tf (Outstanding) /sd Pj+ s'n shf{af6 shf{ gf]S;fgL jfkt Joj:yf u/]sf] /sd 36fO{
o; zLif{s cGtu{t v'b shf{ ;fk6sf] dxndf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . pQm /sd cg';"rL $=!# / $=!# -s_
cg';f/ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ k|bfg ul/g] shf{ ;'ljwfnfO{ o;
zLif{sdf gb]vfO{ jf;nftsf] ;DklQ / hfoh]yf tk{msf] cGo ;DklQ zLif{s cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
&= :yL/ ;DklQ
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] :yfoL k|s[ltsf ;DklQx?sf] n]vfÍg o; zLif{sdf u/L
;DklQsf] s'n d"Nodf x|f; s§f u/L afFsL /x]sf] /sdnfO{ jf;nftsf] o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
o; zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=!$ df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

58
 *= u}/ a}+lsu ;DklQ
o; zLif{s cGtu{t u}/ j}+lsu ;DklQ / ;f] sf] nflu ul/Psf] Joj:yf /sdsf] v'b cj:Yff b]vfpg'
kb{5 . o; zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=!% df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= cGo ;DklQ
dfly pNn]v ePsf afx]s cGo s'g} klg zLif{sdf /x]sf] ;DklQx? (Tangible or Intangible) o; zLif{sdf
b]vfpg' kg]{5 . o;df /xg] /sdx?df d;nGb df}Hbft, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/L
ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ k|bfg ul/g] ;fk6L tyf ;'ljwf, nufgLdf c;'n ug{ afFsL cfDbfgL, shf{df c;'n
ug{ afFsL Aofh, ;08«L 8]6;{, dfu{:y ;DklQx?, ckn]vg x'g afFsL vr{ cflb kg]{5g\ . o; zLif{sdf
b]vfOg] ;DklQx?df ul/Psf] ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf 36fO{ cfpg] v'b /sd dfq cg';"rL $=!^ df
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
shf{df c;'n ug{ jfFsL Aofhdf d'NtjL lx;fjdf ;fl/Psf] /sd 36fO{ cfpg] /sd qm=;+= # df b]vfpg'
kb{5 .
;Defljt bfloTjx?
-s_ ;+:yfsf] ;Defljt bfloTjx?nfO{ ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cg';"rL $=!& df tf]lsPsf] 9fFrf cg';f/ laefhg
u/L s'n /sd o; zLif{s cGtu{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
-v_ k|lttkq vf]lnP jfkt dflh{g /sd hlt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] c;'n u/L;s]sf] x'Fbf k|lttkqsf]
k"/} /sddf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] bfloTj /x]sf] lgZro klg x'Fb}g . tyflk of] bfloTj k|lttkq
vf]Ng] kIfk|lt geO{ Ph]G;L ;+:yfk|lt /x]sf] x'Fbf k|lttkqsf] k"/} /sd bzf{pg' k5{ . o; zLif{s
cGtu{t k|lttkq sf/f]jf/ jfkt bfloTjsf] k"/} /sd b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ k'gM l8isfp06 ul/Psf ljnx? o; zLif{s cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ Dofb gf3L g;s]sf hdfgt jfktsf k"/} /sdx?nfO{ ;Defljt bfloTjdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-ª_ z]o/df nufgL u/]sf]df z]o/ jfkt e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ k"/} /sd e'QmfgL ePsf] /x]g5 eg] e'QmfgL
lbg afFsL /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' k5{ .
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} u|fxs;Fu Forward Exchange Contract u/]sf] 5 eg] Dofb gf3L g;s]sf]
sG6«ofS6sf] k"/f /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] d~h'/L tyf ;dy{g (Acceptence & Endorsement), k|Tofe"lt k|ltj4tf
(Underwriting Commitment), shf{ k|ltj4tf (Loan Commitment) u/]sf] 5 eg] To:tf /sdx?nfO{
;Defljt bfloTj cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-h_ dfly pNn]lvt bfloTj afx]s Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cGo ;Defljt bfloTj 5g\ eg] ;f] ;d]tnfO{
cg';"rL $=!& cGtu{t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjsf zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
!= Aofh cfDbfgL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ ÷;fk6df k|fKt x'g' kg]{ AofhnfO{ gub k|fKtLsf] cfwf/df
cfDbfgL jfFwL o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 . ;+:yfsf] Aofh cfDbfgLnfO{ cg';"rL $=!* adf]lhd
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= Aofh vr{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] lgIf]kdf tyf lnPsf] ;fk6Ldf pNn]lvt cjlwdf ltg'{ kg]{
Aofh /sdnfO{ æAofh vr{Æ lx;fj zLif{sdf vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 . gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjsf] o; zLif{sdf
hgfO{g] s'n /sd cg';"rL $=!( df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= sldzg tyf l8isfp06
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] sf/f]jf/sf] l;nl;nfdf plNnlvt cjlwdf cfh{g u/]sf] sldzg, ;]jf
z'Ns tyf l8isfp06sf] s'n /sdnfO{ o; zLif{sdf hgfO{ cg';"rL $=@) cg';f/ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
$= cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
cfDbfgL zLif{stk{m Joj;fo ;~rfngaf6 dfly pNn]v ul/P jfx]s Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfh{g
u/]sf] cGo s'g} klg cfDbfgLnfO{ o; zLif{sdf hgfO{ cg';"rL $=@! cg';f/ b]vfpg' kg]{5 .

59
%= ;6xL 36j9 cfDbfgL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]jf/ -a§f jfx]s_ jf6 ePsf] gfkmf tyf ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL
b/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] x'g uPsf] gfkmf÷gf]S;fgnfO{ 5'§f5'§} zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
cg';"rL $=@@ sf] hDdf /sddf gfkmf b]lvPdf dfq ;f] /sd o; zLif{sdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
cg;"rL $=@@ sf] a'Fbf g+= -s_ ljlgdob/df ePsf] km/saf6 ePsf] s"n cfDbfgLsf] @%% k|To]s
;fn tdfddf gfkmf gf]S;fg jfF8kmfF8 lx;fj ljlgof]hgaf6 ;6xL 36j9 lx;fjdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= sd{rf/L vr{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgldQ eP u/]sf] vr{x?sf] s'n /sd o; zLif{sdf hgfpg'
kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf ;dfj]z x'g] vr{x?df sd{rf/L tnj, eQf, k]G;g, pkbfg vr{, ;~rosf]if
yk, tflnd vr{, kf]zfs vr{, jLdf cflb kg]{5g\ . o; zLif{sdf hgfO{g] /sd cg';"rL $=@# cg';f/
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= cGo ;~rfng vr{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] sfof{no ;~rfngsf] l;nl;nfdf eP÷u/]sf cGo ;Dk"0f{ ;~rfng
vr{x?sf] s'n /sd of] zLif{sdf hgfpg' kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf pNn]v ul/g] /sd cg';"rL $=@$ df
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= ;6xL 36j9 gf]S;fg
;6xL 36j9 cfDbfgL÷gf]S;fg lx;fjdf b]lvPsf] v'b df}Hbft C0ffTds /x]df of] zLif{sdf b]vfpg'
kg]{ 5 .
(= ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
hf]lvdo'Qm ;DklQ (Risk assets) sf] nflu o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg jdf]lhd /fVg'kg]{ Joj:yf (Provision)
gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fjsf] o; zLif{sdf vr{ hgfO{ cg';"rL $=@% cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf]
Joj:Yffsf] cg'dfg q}dfl;s ?kdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgL÷gf]S;fg
sf/f]jf/sf] l;nl;nfdf k|ToIf ?kn] ;~rfng;+u ;DjlGwt g/x]sf cfDbfgL tyf vr{x? o;
zLif{s cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . o; zLif{sdf hgfOg] /sd cg';"rL $=@^ cg';f/ pNn]v ug'{
kb{5 .
!!= ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfjf6 lkmtf{
hf]lvdo'Qm ;DklQx? (Risk assets) sf] nflu ul/Psf] Joj:yf /sd a9L ePdf a9L ePsf] /sd
lkmtf{ cfDbfgL (Write back) ug'{ kg]{ cj:Yff cfPdf o; zLif{s cGtu{t b]vfO{ cg';"rL $=@& cg';f/
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@= c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL÷vr{
c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL÷vr{ cGtu{t dfly plNnlvt cGo zLif{sx? jfx]s v'b
Aofh cfDbfgLsf] % k|ltzteGbf a9L /x]sf ;a} vr{ tyf cfDbfgLsf] nflu cg;"rL $=@* cg';f/
cnUu} zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
!#= sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
sd{rf/L jf]g;sf] Joj:yf ubf{ gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjsf] ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]jf/ kl5sf] v'b d'gfkmf -jf]g;
Joj:yf ;d]t_ nfO{ cfwf/ lng'kg]{ 5 . ljBdfg sfg'g jdf]lhd v'b gfkmfaf6 tf]lsPsf] k|ltztn]
jf]g;sf]nflu 5'6Øfpg' kg]{ /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s dfkm{t gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
!$= cfo s/ Joj:yf
v'b s/ of]Uo gfkmfdf nfUg] cfo s/ jfktsf] /sd o; zLif{sdf vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] cfo s/ P]g tyf k|rlnt cfly{s sfg'gn]] 5'6 lbPsf / dfGotf glbOPsf vr{x?sf] lx;fj
u/L s/ of]Uo gfkmf sfod ug'{kg]{ 5 / ;f]xL cg'dflgt s/ of]Uo gfkmfsf] cfwf/df cfo s/ ;DjGwL
efjL bfloTj lgwf{/0f u/L o; zLif{s dfk{mt gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
!%= v'b gfkmf÷gf]S;fg
o; zLif{sdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ ;f]xL jif{sf]÷cjlwsf] ægfkmf–gf]S;fg jfF8kmfF8 lx;fjÆ sf] o; jif{sf]
d'gfkmf jf o; jif{sf] gf]S;fg zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .

60
-^_ gfkmf–gf]S;fg jfF8kmfF8 lx;fj ;DaGwL zLif{sx?sf] ;+lIfKt JofVof
vr{ tk{msf] ljj/0f -Debit tkm{_
!= ut jif{;Ddsf] ;l~rt gf]S;fg
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lx;fjdf ut cfly{s jif{;Ddsf] ;l~rt 3f6f /x]sf] cj:yfdf o; zLif{sdf
hgfpg' kg]{5 .
@= ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
r'Qmfk'FhLsf] bf]Jj/ geP;Dd k|To]s jif{sf] v'b gfkmfaf6 sDtLdf jL; k|ltzt /sd ;fwf/0f hu]8f
sf]ifdf jfF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= e}kl/ cfpg] hu]8f
cfˆgf] v'b gfkmfaf6 s]xL c+z 5'6\ofO{ æe}k/L cfpg] hu]8fÆ zLif{sdf /fVg] lg0f{o u/]df To:tf] /sd
o; sf]ifdf afF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if
cfˆgf] gfkmfnfO{ ;+:yf ljsf; sf]ifdf hDdf ug]{ u/L jfF8kmFf8 ug]{ lg0f{o u/]df ;f] jdf]lhdsf] /sd
o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
%= nfef+z ;lds/0f sf]if
;+:yfsf] gfkmfjf6 s]xL /sd cfufdL jif{x?df nfef+z ;lds/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] jfF8kmfF8 u/L 5'§} /fVg
rfx]df To:tf] /sdnfO{ o; zLif{s dfkm{t jfF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
^= sd{rf/L ;DjGwL hu]8fx?
;+:yfsf] sd{rf/Lx?;+u ;DjlGwt s'g} k|sf/sf sNof0fsf/L sf]if jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf sf]ifx?df
gfkmfsf] s]xL c+z jfF8kmfF8 ug]{ ePdf o; zLif{s dfk{mt jfF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
&= k|:tfljt nfef+z
cfˆgf] gfkmfsf] s]xL c+z nfef+z ljt/0f ug{ k|:tfj u/]sf] ePdf ;f] /sdnfO{ o; zLif{ssf]
afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
*= k|:tfljt jf]g; z]o/
cfˆgf] ;l~rt d'gfkmfnfO{ k'FhLs/0f u/L ljBdfg z]o/jfnfx?nfO{ af]g; z]o/ k|bfg ug]{ jf z]o/s}
r'Qmf d"No a9fpg] lg0f{o u/]df ;f] jfktsf] /sddWo] ;l~rt d'gfkmfaf6 hlt k|of]u x'g] xf] ;f]
/sdnfO{ gfkmf–gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fadf vr{ n]vL o; zLif{sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ljz]if hu]8f sf]if
o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ljz]if hu]8f sf]ifx? v8f ug{ ;l~rt d'gfkmf k|of]u
ug'{kbf{ o; zLif{s dfk{mt afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
!)= ;6xL 36a9 sf]if
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] k"gd"{NofÍgaf6 jif{e/Ldf ePsf] cfDbfgLdWo] ;6xL 36j9 ;DjlGw gLlt jdf]lhd pQm
sf]ifdf ljlgof]hg ug'{ kg]{ /sd o; zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ OlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DjlGw ljj/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf cfjZos ljj/0fx? v'nfO{ g]kfn n]vf dfkb08 (NAS) sf] cfwf/df
ljQLo ljj/0fsf] cleGg cËsf] ?kdf OlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DjlGw ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ gub k|jfx laj/0f
sDkgL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !)( adf]lhd x/]s sDkgLn] cfˆgf] jflif{s lx;fa laj/0fx? tof/ ubf{ gfkmf–
gf]S;fg lx;fj tyf jf;nftsf] cnfjf gub k|jfx laj/0f klg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;y{
sDkgLsf] ?kdf btf{ ePsf ;a} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] jflif{s lx;fj ;+u} ægub k|jfx laj/0fÆ
;d]t tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf] aGws ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] lnPsf] z]o/ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lwtf] aGws /fvL
shf{ lnPsf] eP ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v -Disclose_ ug'{ kg]{ u/L cg';"rL
$=#$ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

61
-!)_ :yug s/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljQLo ljj/0f k|sfzg ubf{ g]kfn n]vfdfg – ( -Nepal Accounting Standard - 9_
cg';f/ :yug s/ -Deferred Tax_ sf] n]vf+sg u/L ;f] ljifo ;d]t v'nfpg' -Disclose_ kg]{ 5 . pQm
zLif{snfO{ ljQLo ljj/0fdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] u/L k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{]5 .
!= gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjdf cfos/ Joj:yf zLif{s cGtu{t xfn sfod /x]sf] lgoldt k|s[ltsf] s/ vr{
-Current Tax_ sf] cnfjf o; jif{sf] :yug s/ -Deferred Tax_ zLif{sdf cfDbfgL÷vr{ n]vf+sg ug{' kg]{
Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .
@= :yug s/ cfDbfgL÷vr{ ;f]em} OlSj6Ldf n]vf+sg ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] æOlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g
;DaGwL ljj/0fÆ df z'? df}Hbft zLif{skl5 ;dfof]hg k|of]hgsf nflu æ:yug s/Æ pk–zLif{s yk
u/L ;dfof]lht z'? df}Hbft b]vfpg' kg]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .
#= jf;nftdf :yug s/ ;DklQ Pj+ bfloTjsf] 5'§} zLif{s sfod ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] o;nfO{ jf;nftsf]
cGo bfloTj÷;DklQ ;DaGwL cg';"rLdf æcGoÆ eGbf dfly :yug s/ bfloTj÷;DklQ pk–zLif{s
sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .
$ jflif{s k|ltj]bgsf] n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLdf :yug s/ u0fgfsf] nflu ckgfO{Psf] s/sf] b/ / ;f]
ckgfpg'sf] cfwf/, s/of]Uo Pj+ s/ u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg ldNg] c:yfoL km/sx?, u0fgf ul/Psf]
:yug s/ / ;f] jfkt ;[hgf x'g uPsf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg]{ 5 .
%= :yug s/ ;DaGwL pk/f]St n]vf+sg lqmofsnfksf sf/0f ;DklQ ;[hgf ePdf ;f] /sd gfkmf
gf]S;fg afF8kmfF8 lx;fjdf vr{ n]vL :yug s/ hu]8f sf]if v8f ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] sf]ifsf] /sd :yug
s/ afx]s cGo k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
-!!_ 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]
o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ sf/f]jf/sf] k|s[lt / cj:yf x]/L tof/ ug'{ kg]{
ljj/0f tyf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ ljQLo ljj/0fsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-!@_ vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] n]vf gLlt tyf ljQLo laj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg
g+=$÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf
o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

62
 =================lnld6]8
@)^=======;fn cfiff9 d;fGtsf]
jf;nft
k'FhL tyf bfloTj cg;'rL o; jif{ ut jif{
? ?
!= z]o/ kF'hL $=!
@= hu]8f tyf sf]ifx? $=@
#= C0fkq tyf aG8 $=#
$= ltg{ afFsL shf{ ;fk6 $=$
%= lgIf]k bfloTj $=%
^= e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ ljnx? $=^
&= k|:tfljt nfefFz
*=cfos/ bfloTj
( cGo bfloTj $=&
s'n k'FhL tyf bfloTj

;DklQ cg;'rL o; jif{ ut jif{

? ?
!= gub df}Hbft $=*
@= g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft $=(
#= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft $=!)
$= dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sd $=!!
%= nufgL $=!@
^= shf{ ;fk6 tyf ljn vl/b $=!#
&= :yL/ ;DklQ $=!$
*= u}/ a}lsË ;DklQ $=!%
(= cGo ;DklQ $=!^
s'n ;DklQ

;+efljt bfloTj cg';"rL 4=17

;~rfnsx¿sf] #f]if)ff cg';"rL 4=29
k'+hLsf]if tflnsf cg';"rL 4=30
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ljj/)f tflnsf cg";'rL 4=30-s_
k|d"v ;"rsf°x¿ cg';"rL 4=31
k|d"v n]vf gLltx¿ cg';"rL 4=32
n]vf ;DaGwL l^Kk)fLx? cg';"rL 4=33
4=1 b]lv 4=17 ;Ddsf cg';"rLx¿ jf;nftsf cleGg c+u x'g\ .

63
 =====================lnld6]8
ldlt ==============b]lv================;Dd
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
ljj/0f cg';"rL o; jif{ ut jif{
? ?
!= Aofh cfDbfgL $=!*
@= Aofh vr{ $=!(
v'b Aofh cfDbfgL
#= sldzg tyf l8:sfp06 $=@)
$=cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL $=@!
% ;6xL 36j9 cfDbfgL $=@@
s"n ;~rfng cfDbfgL
^=sd{rf/L vr{ $=@#
&= cGo ;~rfng vr{ $=@$
*= ;6xL 36j9 gf]S;fg $=@@
;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf cl3sf] ;~rfng d'gfkmf
(=;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfx? $=@%
;~rfng d'gfkmf
!)=u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgL÷vr{ $=@^
!! ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Aoa:yf af6 lkmtf{ $=@&
lgoldt sf/f]jf/jf6 ePsf] d'gfkmf
!@= c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL÷vr{ $=@*
;Dk"0f{ sf/f]jf/ ;dfj]z kl5sf] v'b d'gfkmf
!#= sd{rf/L af]g; Aoa:yf
!$ cfos/ Joj:yf
• o; jif{sf] s/ Joj:yf
• ljut jif{;Ddsf] s/ Joj:yf
• o; jif{sf] :yug s/ cfDbfgL÷vr{
v'b gfkmf÷gf]S;fg

4=18 b]lv 4=28 ;Ddsf cg';"rLx¿ gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fjsf cleGg c+u x'g\ .

64
 =================== lnld^]*
gfkmf gf]S;fg af+*kmf+* lx;fa
ldlt ============ b]lv =================;Dd
ljj/0f cg';"rL o; jif{ ¿ ut jif{ ¿=
cfDbfgL
1= ut jif{;Ddsf] ;+lrt d"gfkmf
2= o; jif{sf] d"gfkmf
3= ;^xL #^a( sf]if
hDdf
vr{
1= ut jif{;Ddsf] ;+lrt gf]S;fg
2= o; jif{sf] gf]S;fg
3= ;fwf/)f hu]*fsf]if
4= e}k/L cfpg] hu]*f
5= ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if
6= nfef+z ;dLs/)f sf]if
7= sd{rf/L ;DaGwL hu]*fx¿
8= k|:tfljt nfef+z
9= k|:tfljt af]g; z]o/
10= ljz]if hu]*f sf]if
11= ;^xL #^a( sf]if
12= k'+hL lkmtf{ hu]*f sf]if
13= k'+hL ;dfof]hg sf]if
14= ==============================
hDdf

15= ;l~rt d'gfkmf÷-gf]S;fg_

=================== lnld^]*
OlSj6Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DjlGw ljj/0f
cf=j= 20====÷======-?=_
ljj/0f Z]fo/ ;l~rt ;fwf/0f k"Flhut z]o/ ;6xL :yug s/ cGo hu]8f s'n
k'FhL Gff=gf]= hu]8f hu]8f lk|ldod 36a9 hu]8f tyf sf]if /sd
sf]if sf]if sf]if
Z'f? df}Hbft
:yug s/
;dfof]lht z'?
df}Hbft
;dfof]hg
========================
=========================
========================
=======================
clGtd df}Hbft

65
 ==========================lnld6]8
gub k|jfx ljj/0f
ldlt ============ b]lv ========== ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
-s_ sf/f]af/ ;+rfngaf^ gub k|jfx
1= gub k|flKt
1=1 Aofh cfDbfgL
1=2 sldzg tyf l*isfpG^ cfDbfgL
1=3 ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]jf/af^ cfDbfgL
1=4 ckn]lvt shf{sf] c;'nL
1=5 cGo cfDbfgL
2= gub e'QmfgL
2=1 Aofh vr{
2=2 sd{rf/L vr{
2=3 sfof{no ;+rfng vr{
2=4 cfos/ e'QmfgL
2=5 cGo vr{
sfo{ut k'+hL ultljlw cl#sf] gub k|jfx

;~rfng ;DjGwL rfn" ;DklQdf sdL÷-j[l$_

1= dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x"g] /sddf sdL÷-j[l$_
2= cGo cNksfnLg nufgLdf sdL÷-j[l$_
3= shf{ tyf ljN; vl/bdf sdL÷-j[l$_
4= cGo ;DklQdf sdL÷-j[l$_
;~rfng ;DjlGw rfn" bfloTjdf -sdL_÷j[l$
1= lgIf]k bfloTjdf -sdL_÷j[l$
2= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^df -sdL_÷j[l$
3= cNksfnLg ;fk^Ldf -sdL_ ÷j[l$
4= cGo bfloTjdf -sdL_÷ j[l$
-v_ nufgL sf/f]jf/df gub k|jfx
1= bL#{sfnLg nufgLdf sdL÷-j[l$_
2= :yL/ ;DklQdf sdL÷-j[l$_
3= bL#{sfnLg nufgLdf Aofh cfDbfgL
4= nfef+z cfDbfgL
5= cGo
-u_ ljQLo >f]t sf/f]jf/af^ gub k|jfx
1= bL#{sfnLg C)F -j)*, l*j]Gr/ cflb_ df j[l$÷-sdL_
2= z]o/ k'+hLdf j[l$÷-sdL_
3= cGo bfloTjdf j[l$÷-sdL_
4= g]kfn /fi^« a}+saf^ k|FKt ;x'lnot÷k'g/shf{df j[l$÷-sdL_
-#_ gub tyf a}s df}Hbftsf] ljlgdo b/df ePsf] km/saf^
cfDbfgL ÷vr{
-ª_ o; jif{sf] ;Dk")f{ ultljlwaf^ gub k|jfx

-r_ gub tyf a}+sdf /x]sf] z'? df}Hbft

-%_ gub tyf a}+sdf /x]sf] clGtd df}Hbft

66
 cg';"rL 4=1
=================== lnld^]*
z]o/ k'+hL tyf :jfldTj
- === === cfiff( d;fGt_
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= z]o/ k'+hL
1=1 clws[t k'+hL
s_ ======= ;fwf/)f z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿= ======= n]
v_ ====== gg\l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿= ======= n]
u_ ======= l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿= ====n]
1=2 hf/L k'+hL
s_ ======= ;fwf/)f z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿================= n]
v_ ======= gg\l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿= ======= n]
u_ ======= l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿=============n]
1=3 r'Qmf k'+hL
s_ ========= ;fwf/)f z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿======================== n]
v_ ========= gg\l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿========= n]
u_ ===========l/l*d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿= ============n]
1=4 k|:tfljt af]g; z]o/
1=5 sN; Og P*efG;

z]o/ :jfldTj ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=

k|ltzt z]o/ k'+hL z]o/ k'+hL k|ltzt
1= :jb]zL :jfldTj
1=1 g]kfn ;/sf/
1=2 æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx¿
1=3 cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx¿
1=4 cGo ;+:yfx¿
1=5 ;j{;fwf/)f
1=6 cGo
2= a}b]lzs :jfldTj
hDdf
gf]^M dfly cg';"rLdf plNnlvt ljj/)f cGtu{t 0=5 k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a(L :jfldTj ePsf] JolQm÷;d"x÷kmd{÷sDkgL eP,
lghx¿sf] gfd, k|ltzt / /sd :ki^ v'nfpg' kg]%
{ . k|ltzt pNn]v ubf{ z]o/ ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df u)fgf ug'{ kg]%
{ .
=================== lnld^]*
hu]*f tyf sf]ifx¿
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _ cg';"rL 4=2
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= ;fwf/)f÷a}wflgs hu]*f sf]if
2= k'+hLut hu]*f sf]if
3= k'+hL lkmtf{ hu]*f sf]if -Capital Redemption Reserve)
4= k'+hL ;dfof]hg sf]if
5= cGo hu]*f tyf sf]if
5=1= e}k/L cfpg] hu]*f
5=2= ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if
5=3= nfef+z ;lds/)f sf]if
5=4= ljz]if hu]*f sf]if
5=5= ;DklQ k'gd"{Nof°g sf]if
5=6= :yug s/ hu]*f
5=7= cGo :jtGq sf]if
5=8= cGo hu]*f sf]if
6= ;l~rt gfkmf÷gf]S;fg
7= ;^xL #^a( sf]if
hDdf

67
 cg';"rL 4=3
=================== lnld^]*
C)fkq tyf j)*
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1 ====== k|ltzt j)*÷C)fkq k|lt j)*÷C)fkq ===== ¿= n] ===
ldlt ============== df hf/L ePsf] / ldlt ========df r'Qmf x'g]
-xfn;Ddsf] Redemption Reserve /sd ¿= =========================_
2 ====== k|ltzt j)*÷C)fkq k|lt j)*÷C)fkq ===== ¿= n] ===
ldlt ============== df hf/L ePsf] / ldlt ========df r'Qmf x'g]
-xfn;Ddsf] Redemption Reserve /sd ¿= =======================_+
3 ======= =========

hDdf 1+2+3

gf]^M ;'/If)f /fvL C)fkq tyf j)* hf/L ul/Psf] ePdf ;'/If)fsf] laj/)f v'nfpg' kg]{% .

cg';"rL 4=4
=================== lnld^]*
ltg{ af+sL shf{ -;fk^L_
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
s= :jb]zL
1= g]kfn ;/sf/
2= g]kfn /fi^« a}+s
3= l/kf] bfloTj
4= cGt/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
5= cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
6= cGo
hDdf
v= ljb]zL
1= a}+sx¿
2= cGo
hDdf
hDdf -s®v_

68
 cg';"rL 4=5
=================== lnld^]*
lgIf]k lx;fa
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= Aofh ltg'{ gkg]{ vftfx¿
s= rNtL lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 g]kfn ;/sf/
1=2 æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
1=3 cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
1=4 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
1=5 JolQmut
1=6 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 g]kfn ;/sf/
2=2 æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
2=3 cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
2=4 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
2=5 JolQmut
2=6 cGo
v= dflh{g
1= sd{rf/L hdfgt
2= hdfgt dflh{g
3= k|lttkq dflh{g
u= cGo
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
1=2 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
1=3 JolQmut
2= ljb]zL d"b|fdf
2=1 ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
2=2 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
2=3 JolQmut
Aofh ltg'{ gkg]{ vftfx¿sf] hDdf
2= Aofh ltg'{ kg]{ vftfx¿
s= art lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 ;+# ;+:yfx¿
1=2 JolQmut
1=3 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 ;+# ;+:yfx¿
2=2 JolQmut
2=3 cGo
v= d'@lt lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 ;+# ;+:yfx¿
1=2 JolQmut
1=3 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 ;+# ;+:yfx¿
2=2 JolQmut
2=3 cGo

69
u= dfu]sf] avt ltg'{ kg]{ lx;fa
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
1=1 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
1=2 cGo O=k|f=ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
1=3 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
1=4 JolQmut
1=5 cGo
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
2=1 s ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
2=2 cGo O=k|f= ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
2=3 cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yfx¿
2=4 JolQmut
2=5 cGo
#= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^
1= ;+ul&t ;+:yf
2= JolQmut
3= cGo
Aofh ltg'{ kg]{ vftfx¿sf] hDdf
-1®2_ hDdf lgIf]k

cg';"rL 4=6
=================== lnld^]*
e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{ ljnx¿
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _

ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=

1= :jb]zL d'b|f
2= ljb]zL d'b|f
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=7
=================== lnld^]*
cGo bfloTj
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _

ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=

1= k]G;g÷pkbfg sf]if
2= sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if
3= sd{rf/L sNof)f sf]if
4= sd{rf/L jf]g; Joj:yf
5= lgIf]kdf e'QmfgL lbg af+sL Aofh
6= ;fk^Ldf e'QmfgL lbg af+sL Aofh
7= kfsL g;s]sf] l*:sfp)^ / sldzg
8= ;)*«L q]ml*^;{
9= zfvf ldnfg lx;fj
10= :yug s/ bfloTj
11= e'QmfgL lbg af+sL nfef+z
12= cGo

hDdf

70
 cg';"rL 4=8
=================== lnld^]*
gub df}Hbft
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _

ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=

1= :jb]zL d'b|f -l;Ssf ;d]t_
2= ljb]zL d'b|f

hDdf

cg';"rL 4=9
=================== lnld^]*
g]kfn /fi^« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f :jb]zL ljb]zL d'b|f ¿=df s'n ¿= ut jif{
d'b|f ¿=
ef=¿= kl/jTo{ lj=d'= hDdf
1= g]kfn /fi^« a}+s
s= rNtL vftf
v= cGo vftf

cg';"rL 4=10
=================== lnld^]*
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f :jb]zL ljb]zL d'b|f ¿=df s'n ¿= ut jif{
d'b|f ¿=
ef=¿= kl/jTo{ lj=d'= hDdf
1= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?
s= rNtL vftf
v= cGo vftf
2= ljb]zL a}+sx¿

s= rNtL vftf
v= cGo vftf
hDdf
gf]^M ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ;dy{g kq cg';f/sf] s'n df}Hbft ¿= =================

cg';"rL 4=11
=================== lnld^]*
dfu tyf cNk;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g] /sdx¿
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= :jb]zL d'b|fdf
2= ljb]zL d'b|fdf
hDdf

71
 cg';"rL 4=12
=================== lnld^]*
nufgL
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
k|of]hg o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
ljj/)f
Jofkfl/s cGo
! g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6«]h/L ljn
@ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] art kq
# g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$ g]kfn /fi6« a}s C0f kq
% lab]zL C0f kq
^ :ab]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
& lab]zL a}s
* ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/
( ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] l8j]Gr/ tyf aG8
!) cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL
Joj:yf
v'b nufgL

cg';"rL 4=12-s_
z]o/, l*j]Gr/ tyf j)*df nufgL
ahf/ Joj:yf
k/n o; ut
d'No /sd
ljj/)f df]n jif{ jif{
cg";f/ ?=
¿= ?= ?=
?=
1= z]o/ nufgL
1=1 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=÷ln=_
====== ;fwf/)f z]o/, k|lt z]o/ ====== n] r"Qmf
1=2 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=÷ln=_
====== ;fwf/)f z]o/ -dWo]===jf]g; ;d]t_ k|lt z]o/====n] r"Qmf
1=3 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=÷ln=_
====== k|ltzt ==== lk|km/]G; z]o/ k|lt z]o/ ¿= ===== n] r"Qmf
2= l*j]Gr/ tyf j)* nufgL
2=1 ====== sDkgL -k|f=ln=÷ln=_
====== k|ltzt l*j]Gr/÷j)* k|lt l*j]Gr/÷a)* ===== ¿= n] ===
2=2 =================
2=3 ==================
s'n nufgL
3= hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yf
3=1 ut jif{ ;Ddsf] Joj:yf
3=2 o; jif{sf] yk÷#^
s'n Joj:yf
v'b nufgL

gf]^M 3 jif{ eGbfa(L ;dob]lv nfef+z #f]if)ff tyf ljt/)f gu/]sf sDkgLx¿ ePdf To:tf sDkgLx¿sf] gfd v'nfpg' kg]{% .

72
 g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg $=!@=!
=================== lnld6]8
Jofkfl/s nufgL -Held for Trading_
- === ===== d;fGt_
ljj/0f k/n kl5Nnf] xfnsf] o; jif{ ut jif{ s}lkmot
d"No ahf/ d"No ahf/ gfkmf÷ gfkmf÷
-s_ d"No -v_ -gf]S;fg_ -gf]S;fg_
/sd /sd
-v–s_
!= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6«]h/L ljn
@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] artkq
#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$= g]=/f= a}s C0fkq
%= ljb]zL C0fkq
^= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/
&= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] l8j]Gr/ tyf a08
*= :jb]zL ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/, l8j]Gr/ tyf a08
(= ljb]zL a}s nufgL -Placement_
!)= Interbank Lending
!!=cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL

g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg $=!@=@
=================== lnld6]8
e'QmfgL ldlt;Dd wf/0f ug]{ nufgL -Held to Maturity_
- === === === d;fGt_
ljj/0f k/n xfn;Ddsf] o;jif{sf] o; jif{ ut jif{ s}lkmot
d"No Iflt /sd Iflt gfkmf÷ gfkmf÷
-s_ -v_ /sd -gf]S;fg_ -gf]S;fg_
-u_ /sd /sd
-s–v–u_
!= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6«]h/L ljn
@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] artkq
#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$= g]=/f= a}s C0fkq
%= lab]zL C0fkq
^= :ab]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/
&= :ab]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
l8j]Gr/ tyf a08
*= :ab]zL ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/,
l8j]Gr/ tyf a08
(= lab]zL a}s nufgL -Placement_
!)=cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL

73
 g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg $=!@=#
=================== lnld6]8
laqmLsf] nflu pknAw nufgL -Available for Sale_
- === === === d;fGt_
ljj/0f k/n kl5Nnf] xfnsf] o; jif{ ut jif{ s}lkmot
d"No ahf/ ahf/ d"No sf]if ;dfof]hg gfkmf÷
d"No -s_ -v_ /sd -v–s_ gf]S;fg_ /sd
!= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6«]h/L ljn
@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] artkq
#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cGo C0fkq
$= g]=/f= a}s C0fkq
%= lab]zL C0fkq
^= :ab]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/
&= :ab]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] l8j]Gr/ tyf a08
*= :ab]zL ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/, l8j]Gr/ tyf a08
(= lab]zL a}s nufgL -Placement_
!)=cGo nufgL
s'n nufgL
=================== lnld^]*
shf{ ;fk^ tyf lan vl/b juL{s/)f / ;f]sf] nflu Joj:yf
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _ cg';"rL 4=13
shf{ vl/b tyf l*isfpG^ o; jif{ utjif{
ljj/)f ul/Psf lan ¿= ¿=
:jb]zL
k|f=If]= cGo ljb]zL hDdf :jb]zL ljb]zL hDdf
ljldt cljldt
1= ;lqmo shf{ ;fk^ (Performing)
1=1 c;n
!=@ c;nsf] k'g/tflnsLs/0f÷
k'g/;+/rgf
2= lgl:qmo shf{ ;fk^ (Non
Performing)
2=2 sd;n
2=3 z+sf:kb
2=4 v/fa
-s_ s"n shf{
3= shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
3=1 c;n
3=2 k'g/tflnsLs/0f÷k'g/;+/rgf
3=3 sd;n
3=4 z+sf:kb
3=5 v/fj
-v_ s"n Joj:yf
4= ut jif{;Ddsf] Joj:yf
4=1 c;n
4=2 k'g/tflnsLs/0f÷k'g/;+/rgf
4=3 sd;n
4=4 z+sf:kb
4=5 v/fj
-u_ ut jif{;Ddsf] s"n Joj:yf
-#_ ut aif{sf] Joj:yfaf^ lkmtf{
-*=_ o; aif{sf] yk Joj:yf
o; jif{sf] v'b yk#^
v'b shf{ -s–v_

74
 cg';"rL 4=13-s_
=================== lnld^]*
shf{, ;fk^ / ljN; vl/bsf] ;'/If)f
- === === cfiff( d;fGt_
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
-s_ ;'/lIft
1= rn÷crn ;DklQsf] ;'/If)fdf
2= :jb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] hdfgtdf
3= ;/sf/L hdfgtdf
4= cGt/f{li^«o >])fLs[t a}+ssf] hdfgtdf
5= lgof{t sfuhft (Export Document) sf] ;'/If)fdf
6= d'@lt /l;bsf] ;'/If)fdf
-s_ ;+:Yffsf] cfkm\g} d'@lt /l;bsf] ;'/If)f
-v_ cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] d'@lt /l;bsf] ;'/If)f
7= ;/sf/L C)fkqsf] ;'/If)fdf
8= sfp)^/ hdfgtdf
9= JolQmut hdfgtdf
10= cGo ;'/If)fdf
-v_ c;'/lIft
hDdf

cg;"rL 4=14
=================== lnld^]*
:yL/ ;DklQ
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
;DklQ
o; jif{ ut jif{
ljj/)f sfof{no
ejg kl/jxg ;fwg d]lzg/L cGo ¿= ¿=
;fdfg
1= k/ndf]n
-s_ ut jif{sf] df}Hbft
-v_ o; jif{ yk
-u_ o; jif{ k"gd'{Nof°g÷k'gn]{vg
-#_ o; jif{sf] ljqmL
-ª_ o; jif{sf] ckn]vg
s'n -s®v®u®#®ª_ k/ndf]n
2= x|f; s§L
-s_ ut jif{;Ddsf]
-v_ o; jif{sf]
-u_ x|f;s§L k'gd"{Nof°g÷k'gn]{vg
-u_ x|f;s§L /sd ;dfof]hg÷lkmtf{
s'n x|f;s§L
3= a"s Eofn" (WDV*) -1−2_
4= hUuf
5= k'FhLut lgdf{0f -k'FhLs/0f ul/g' kg]{_
6= nLh xf]N* ;DklQ
hDdf -3®4®5®6_
*Written Down Value

75
 cg;"rL 4=15
=================== lnld^]*
u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
C[0fL jf kf6L{sf] u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ s'n u}/ a}+lsË gf]S;fgL Joj:yf v'b u}/ j}+lsu ut jif{ ¿=
gfd 7]ufgf ;sf/ u/]sf] ldlt ;DklQ /sd ?= ;DklQ ¿=
k|ltzt /sd ?=

s"n hDdf

cg;"rL 4=16
=======================lnld^]*
cGo ;DklQ
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
laa/)F o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= d;nGb df}Hbft
2= nufgLdf c;"n ug{ af+sL cfDbfgL
3= shf{df c;"n ug{ af+sL Aofh
Go"gM Aofh d"NtjL /sd
4= c;"n ug{ af+sL sldzg
5= ;G*«L *]^;{
6= sd{rf/L ;fk^L / k]ZsL
7= clu|d e"QmfgL
8= dfu{:y gub
9= dfu{:y cGo -r]s ;d]t_
10= ljgf ;"rgf *«fk\m^sf] e"QmfgL
11= ckn]vg x"g af+sL vr{
12= zfvf ldnfg lx;fj
13= :yug s/ ;DklQ
14= cGo
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=16-s_
=======================lnld^]*
cGo ;DklQ -yk ljj/)f_
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{
1 1 jif{b]lv dfly 3 jif{eGbf hDdf ¿=
jif{;Dd 3 jif{;Dd dfly
1= shf{df c;'n ug{ af+sL Aofh
2= ljgf ;"rgf *«fkm\^sf] e'QmfgL
3= zfvf ldnfg lx;fj
4= :jb]zL ljbzL Ph]G;L lx;fa

76
 cg';"rL 4=17
=======================lnld^]*
;Defljt bfloTjx¿
- === === cfiff( d;fGt _
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= ;+:yf pk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf]
2= k|lttkqx¿ -dflh{g g#^fO{ k'/f /sd_
-s_ 6 dlxgf eGbf sd cjlwsf]
-v_ 6 dlxgf eGbf a(L cjlwsf]
3= k"gM l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf ljnx¿
4= Dofb gfl# g;s]sf] Uof/]G^L÷a)*
-s_ la* a)*
-v_ k/km/d]G; a)*
-u_ cGo Uof/])^L÷a)*
5= r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g af+sL z]o/ nufgL
6= km/jf*{ PS:r]~h sG^«fS^sf] af+sL bfloTjx¿
7= sn]S;gdf /x]sf lanx¿
8= d~h"/L tyf ;dy{g (Acceptence & Endorsement)
9= k|Tofe'lt k|ltj$tf (Underwriting Commitment)
10= ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|ltj$tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment)
11= cGt/f{li^«o >])fLs[t a}+ssf] sfp)^/ Uof/])^Ldf lbPsf] Uof/])^L
12= clu|d e"QmfgL Uof/])^L (Advance Payment Guarantee)
13= shf{ k|jfxsf] nflu ljQLo hdfgt (Financial Guarantee)
14= cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj (Contingent Liabilities on Income Tax)
15= =======================

cg';"rL 4=18
=======================lnld^]*
Aofh cfDbfgL
ldlt ==============b]lv =================;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
s= shf{ ;fk^ / clwljsif{df
1= shf{ ;fk^
2= clwljsif{
v= nufgLdf
1= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If)fkq
-s_ ^]«h/L laN;
-v_ ljsf; C)fkq
-u_ /fli^«o art kq
2= ljb]zL C)fkq
-s_
-v_
3= g]kfn /fi^« a}+ssf] C)fkq
4= l*j]Gr/ tyf a)*
5= cGt/ a}+s nufgLdf Aofh
-s_ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
-v_ cGo ;+:yfx¿
u= Ph]G;L df}Hbftdf
1= :jb]zL a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
2= ljb]zL a}+sx¿
#= dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g] df}Hbftdf
1= :jb]zL a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx¿
2= ljb]zL a}+sx¿
ª= cGodf
1= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^
2= cGt/ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf shf{
3= cGo
hDdf

77
 cg';"rL 4=19
=======================lnld^]*
Aofh vr{
ldlt==============b]lv=========== ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
s= lgIf]k bfloTjdf
1= d'@lt lgIf]k
1=1 :jb]zL d"b|f
1=2 ljb]zL d'b|f
2= art lgIf]k
2=1 :jb]zL d"b|f
1=2 ljb]zL d'b|f
3= dfu]sf] avt ltg'{kg]{ lgIf]k
3=1 :jb]zL d'b|f
3=2 ljb]zL d'b|f
4= ;l^{lkms]^ ckm l*kf]lh^\;\
v= shf{ ;fk^df
1= C)fkq tyf a)*
2= g]kfn /fi^« a}+saf^ k|fKt shf{
3= cGt/ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf shf{
4= cGo ;+ul&t ;+:yf
5= cGo shf{
u= cGodf
1= =============
2= ==============
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=20
==================lnld^]*
sldzg tyf l*:sfpG^
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
s= laN; vl/b tyf l*:sfpG^
1= :jb]zL
2= ljb]zL
v= sldzg
1= k|lttkq
2= hdfgtkq
3= sn]S;g kmL
4= /]ld^]G; kmL
5= q]ml*^ sf*{
6= z]o/ k|Tofe'lt÷lgisfzg
7= ;/sf/L sf/f]af/ jfkt
8= O=k|f= sdLzg jfkt
9= a§f cfDbfgL
u= cGo

hDdf

78
 cg';"rL 4=21
========================lnld^]*
cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= ;]km l*kf]lh^ eN^sf] ef*f
2= q]ml*^sf*{ lgisfzg tyf gjLs/)f
3= ATM sf*{ lgisfzg tyf gjLs/)f
4= ^]n]S;÷l^=l^=
5= ;]jf z"Ns
6= gjLs/)f z'Ns
7= cGo
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=22
==========================lnld^]*
;^xL #^a( cfDbfgL÷gf]S;fg
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
-s_ ljlgdo b/df ePsf] km/saf^
-v_ ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/af^ -a§f afx]s_
hDdf cfDbfgL÷-gf]S;fg_

cg';"rL 4=23
=======================lnld^]*
sd{rf/L vr{
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= tnj
2= eQf
3= ;~rosf]ifdf yk
4= tflnd vr{
5= kf]zfs
6= cf}ifwf]krf/
7= aLdf
8= k]G;g tyf pkbfg Joj:yf
9= cGo
hDdf

79
 cg';"rL 4=24
=======================lnld^]*
cGo ;~rfng vr{
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= #/ef*f
2= aQL ljh'nL / kfgL
3= dd{t tyf ;Def/
-s_ ejg =============
-v_ ;jf/L ;fwg =============
-u_ cGo ==============
4= aLdf
5= kf]i^]h, ^]n]S;, ^]lnkmf]g, k\mofS;
6= sfof{no pks/)f kmlg{r/ / ;Def/
7= e|d)f eQf / vr{
8= d;nGb / %kfO{
9= kqklqsf tyf k':ts
10= lj!fkg
11= sfg'gL vr{
12= rGbf
13= ;~rfns ;ldlt ;DaGwL vr{
-s_ a}&s eQf =============
-v_ cGo vr{ ==============
14= ;fwf/)f ;ef ;DaGwL vr{
15= n]vf k/LIf)f ;DaGwL
-s_ n]vf k/LIf)f z'Ns ===============
-v_ cGo vr{ ===============
16= /sd :yfgfGt/)f sldzg
17= :yL/ ;DklQdf x|f; s§L
18= k"j{ ;~rfng vr{ ckn]vg
19= z]o/ lgisfzg vr{
20= k|fljlws ;]jf zf]wegf{
21= dgf]/~hg vr{
22= ckn]vg vr{
23= ;'/Iff vr{
24= shf{ ;'/If)f lk|ldod
25= sldzg / l*:sfp)^
26= cGo =====================
hDdf

gf]^M vr{x¿ hgfp+bf h'g k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ ePsf] xf] ;f]xL zLif{sdf vr{ hgfpg' k%{ . cGo ;fdfGo
zLif{sdf ufEg kfOg] %}g . h:tf] ;+rfns ;ldltsf] a}&ssf] l;nl;nfdf ePsf] oftfoft vr{, æ;+rfns ;ldlt
;DaGwL vr{Æ cGtu{t æcGo vr{Æ df hgfpg' kg]{% .

80
 cg';"rL 4=25
======================lnld^]*
;Defljt gf]S;fgL Aoa:yf
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= shf{ gf]S;fgL Aoj:yfdf ePsf] a[l$
2= nufgL gf]S;fgL Aoj:yfdf ePsf] a[l$
3= u}/ a}+lsu ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Aoj:yf
4= cGo ;DklQdf ul/Psf] Joj:yf
hDdf

cg';"rL 4=26
======================lnld^]*
u}/ ;+rfng cfDbfgL÷gf]S;fg
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= nufgL laqmLaf^ cfDbfgL÷-gf]S;fg_
2= ;DklQ laqmLaf^ cfDbfgL÷-gf]S;fg_
3= nfef+z
4= g]kfn /fi^« a}+saf^ k|fKt ;x'lnot
s= tf]lsPsf] zfvfx¿sf] gf]S;fg jfkt Ifltk"lt{
v= Aofh Ifltk"lt{
u= ;^xL sfpG^/
5= cGo
v'b u}/ ;+rfng cfDbfgL÷-gf]S;fg_

cg';"rL 4=27
======================lnld^]*
;Defljt gf]S;fgL Aoj:yfaf^ lkmtf{
-cfly{s jif{ ========÷=====_
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= shf{ gf]S;fgL Aoj:yfdf af^ lkmtf{
2= u}/ a}+lsu ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Aoj:yfaf^ lkmtf{
3= nufgL Joj:yfjf^ lkmtf{
4= cGo ;DklQsf] Joj:yfjf^ lkmtf{

hDdf

cg';"rL 4=28
======================lnld^]*
c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/x?af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL/vr{
ldlt =============b]lv ============= ;Dd
ljj/)f o; jif{ ¿= ut jif{ ¿=
1= ckn]vg ePsf] shf{sf] c;'nL
2= :j]lR%s cjsfz vr{
3= c;'nL x'g g;Sg] shf{sf] ckn]vg -4=28 s_
4= cGo vr{÷cfDbfgL
5= =================
hDdf

81
 cg';"rL 4=28-s_
======================lnld^]*
ckn]lvt shf{sf] ljj/0f
-cfly{s jif{ ========÷=========_
ckn]vg lwtf]sf] lwtf] shf{ :jLs[t shf{ c;'nLsf s}lkmot
ul/Psf] k|sf/ d"Nof+sgsf] ug{] nflu eP
qm=;+= shf{ k|sf/ /sd tyf /sd cfwf/ clwsf/L÷tx u/]sf k|of;
1= rfn" k+'hL shf{
2 kl/of]hgf shf{
3= :yL/ k'+hL shf{
4= JolQmut shf{
5= cGo shf{
s"n shf{
gf]^M cfly{s jif{e/Ldf ckn]vg ul/Psf] shf{sf] ljj/)f dfly pNn]v ug'{ kg]{% .

cg';"rL 4=29
========================lnld^]*
;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, ;+:yfks, sd{rf/L] z]o/xf]N8/x?nfO{ uPsf] shf{ ;fk6 ljj/0f
- ====================== cfiff( d;fGt_

vl/b tyf l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf lanx¿ / shf{, ;fk^ tyf clwljsif{df k|jflxt s'n /sddWo] ;~rfns,
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, ;+:yfks, sd{rf/L, z]o/ xf]N*/x? / lghx¿sf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf To:tf JolQm hdfgL
a;]sf] jf Dofg]lhé Ph]G^ ePsf] s'g} ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ uPsf] /sdsf] ljj/)f b]xfo adf]lhd % .
;+:yfks÷;~rfns÷sfo{sf/L ut jif{;Ddsf] o; jif{ c;'nL o;jif{ cfiff( d;fGt;Dd
af+sL yk shf{ af+sL
k|d'vsf] gfd ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh
-s_ ;~rfns
1=
2=
-v_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v
1=
2=
-u_ ;+:yfks
1=
2=
-#_ sd{rf/L
1=
2=
-ª_ z]o/wgLx?
1=
2=
hDdf

82
 cg';"rL 4=30
=======================lnld6]8
k'FhLsf]if tflnsf -æsÆ ju{ afx]s_
-======================= cfiff( d;fGt_
-?=xhf/df_
ljj/0f o; jif{ ut jif{
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL
!_ r'Qmf k'FhL -;fwf/0f z]o/_
@_ k|:tfljt jf]g; z]o/
#_ z]o/ lk|ldod
$_ lkmtf{ gx'g] cu|flwsf/ z]o/
%_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
^_ ;l~rt gfkmf÷-gf]S;fg_
&_ jf;nftdf b]vfO{Psf] rfn' cf=j=sf] gfkmf–gf]S;fg lx;fjsf] /sd
*_ k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if
(_ k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
!)_ sN; Og P8efG;
!!_ cGo :jtGq sf]ifx?
36fpg]M
— Voflt (Goodwill) jfktsf] /sd
— ;LdfeGbf a9L z]o/ , ;'/If0fkqdf nufgL ul/Psf] /sd
— ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] sDkgLsf] lwtf]kqdf nufgL u/]sf] /sd
— cjf:tljs ;DklQ
— o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/L :jk|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUuf vl/b
u/]sf] /sd
— ;LdfeGbf a9L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf;df nufgL u/]sf]
/sd .
— tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ljqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] z]o/ k|Tofe"lt .
— k|rlnt P]g tyf sfg'gn] k|ltaGw u/]sf JolQm tyf ;d"xx?nfO{ k|bfg
u/]sf]] shf{ tyf ;'ljwfx?
-v_ k"/s k'FhL
!_ c;n shf{sf] nflu u/]sf] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
@_ cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
#_ xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?
$_ ;'/If0f g/fv]sf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
%_ ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
^_ ;DklQ k"gd"{NofÍg sf]if
&_ nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
-u_ hDdf k'FhLsf]if -s±v_
-3_ hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if
k'FhLsf]if - ================= k|ltzt_
k|fylds k'FhL -=================== k|ltzt_
k'FhLsf]if -clws÷Go"g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_
k|fylds k'FhL -clws÷Go"g_ - ================= k|ltztn]_

83
 cg';"rL $=#) -s_
===========================lnld6]8
hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ ljj/0f tflnsf -æsÆ ju{ afx]s_
- ====================== cfiff( d;fGt_
o; jif{ ut jif{
laa/0f ef/ hf]lvd efl/t hf]lvd efl/t
/sd /sd
;DklQ ;DklQ
-s_ jf;nft adf]lhdsf] ;DklQ (On-Balance-sheet Assets)
gub df}Hbft 0
;'g -ljlgdo of]Uo_ 0
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqdf u/]sf]] nufgL 0
cfˆg} d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g]u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b 0
lwtf] shf{
;/sf/L C0f kqsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L k|bfg u/]sf]] shf{ 0
art kqsf] kfpg' kg]{ Aofh /sd (Accrued Interest) 0
ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGtu{t u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/
sf]ifdf ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd 0
:jb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft÷d'2lt /l;bsf] bfjL
(Claims) 20
cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] d'2lt /l;bsf] lwtf]df k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L 20
k|bfg u/]sf]] d'2lt /l;b lwtf] shf{
ljb]zL a}+sx?df /x]sf] df}Hbft 20
dfu]sf] avt k|fKt x'g] /sd (Money at Call) 20
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Uof/]06Ldf uPsf] shf{ 20
cGt/f{li6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) a}+sdf u/]sf] cGo nufgL 20
cGt/ a}+s ;fk6L 20
z]o/, l8j]~r/ Pj+ a08df ePsf] nufgL 100
cGo nufgLx? 100
shf{, ;fk6 tyf ljN; vl/b÷l8:sfp06 ;d]t -s'n /sd_ 100
:yL/ ;DklQx? 100
Kffpg' kg]{ cGo v'b Aofh /sd 100
cGo ;a} ;DklQx? -v'b cu|Ld s/ bflvnf jfx]s_ 100
;Ldf gf3]sf] l/on :6]6÷cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ 150
-s_ hDdf
-v_ jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]jf/x? (Off-balance sheet Items)
laN; sn]S;g )
clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo ;Demf}tf !)
^ dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq -k"/} /sd_ @)
cGt//fli6«o >]0fLs[t (Rated) ljb]zL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfp06/ @)
Uof/]06Ldf hf/L u/]sf]] Uof/]06L
^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq -k"/} /sd_ %)
lj8a08, k/km/d]G; a08 / k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) ;DjGwL k|ltj4tf %)
k'gM vl/b ug]{ zt{df laqmL u/]sf]] shf{ %)
clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/]06L (Advance payment Guarantee) !))
ljQLo tyf cGo hdfgt (Financial and other Guarantee) !))
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta4tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment) !))
cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj !))
Acceptance ;lxt cGo ;j} k|sf/sf ;Defljt bfloTjx? !))
e'QmfgLsf nflu bfjL k/]sf] hdfgt (Unpaid Guarantee Claims) @))
-v_ hDdf
s'n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ hDdf -s_ + -v_

84
 cg';"rL $=#) -s!_
================================lnld6]8
k'FhLsf]if tflnsf -æsÆ ju{sf] nflu_
===================cfiff9
/sd ? xhf/df
ljj/0f @)^= cfiff9d;fGt ut cf= a=
!=! hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ
s= shf{ hf]lvd
v= ;+rfng hf]lvd
u= jhf/ hf]lvd
Pillar II cGt/utsf] ;dfof]hg
hf]8M ^=$ -s_ -!)_ cg';f/ kof{Kt ;"rgf k|jfx gu/] afkt hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQsf] # k|ltzt
hf]8M ckof{Kt t/n ;DklQ afkt s'n lgIf]ksf] =====k|ltzt
s'n h.f]lvd efl/t ;DklQ -Pillar II cGt/utsf] ;dfof]hg kl5_
!=@ k'FhL sf]if
k|fylds k'FhL (Tier I)
s= r'Qmf k'FhL
v= Ol/l8d]jn gg\ So'Do'n]l6e lk|km/]G; z]o/
u= z]o/ lk|ldod
3= k|:tfljt jf]g; z]o/
ª= ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if
r= ;+lrt gfkmf÷-gf]S;fg_ ut cf=j= ;Ddsf]
5= rfn" cf=j=sf] gfkmf÷-gf]S;fg_
h= k'FhL lkmtf{ ;dfof]hg sf]if
dm= k'FhL ;dfof]hg sf]if
`= nfef+z ;dLs/0f sf]if
6= C0fkq e'QmfgL sf]if
7= cGo :jtGq sf]ifx?
36fpg] M
s= Voflt jfktsf] /sd
v= ckn]vg gul/Psf ljljw ;DklQ
u= Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfdf ul/Psf] z]o/ nufgL
3= ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] sDkgLdf /x]sf] nufgL
ª= ;LdfeGbf a9L nufgL
r= k|Tofe"lt (Underwriting) cGtu{t ul/Psf] nufgL
5= kf/:kl/s qm; xf]lN8+u
h= cGo
Pillar II cGt/utsf] ;dfof]hg
36fpg]M ^=$ -s_ -!_ cg';f/ ckof{Kt Joj:yf
36fpg]M ^=$ -s_ -@_ cGt/ut ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ tyf lgif]lwt If]qdf k|jflxt shf{ ;'ljwf
k'/s k'FhL (Tier II)
s= So''Do'n]l6e / l/l8d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/
v= ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0f
u= xfOla|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?
3= c;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
ª= ;6xL ;dLs/0f sf]if
r= nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if
5= ;DklQ k"gd"{Nof°g sf]if
h= cGo sf]if
!=# k'FhLsf]if cg'kft
k|fylds k'FhL÷s"n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ (Tier I)
k'FhL sf]if÷s'"n hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ (Tier I & Tier II)

85
 cg";'rL 4=30 -v_

============================================================lnld^]*
=================cfiff(sf]
shf{ hf]lvd -æsÆ ju{sf] nflu_

/sd ? xhf/df
206== cfiff( d;fGt ut cf=a=

;DklQ u)fgf ug{ hf]lvd hf]lvd hf]lvd

lstfjL ljz]if v"b v'b
;lsg] CRM ef/ efl/t efl/t
d'No Joj:yf /sd /sd
% /sd /sd
-#_= -s_- -r_= -#_X-
jf;nftleqsf] sf/f]jf/ -s_ -v_ -u_
-v_--u_
-ª_
ª_
gub df}Hbft 0
g]kfn /fi^« a}sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft 0
;"g 0
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C)fkqdf nufgL 0
g]kfn ;/sf/ pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL 0
g]kfn /fi^« a}+s C)fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL 0
g]kfn /fi^« a}+s pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL 0
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA rating 0-1) 0
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 20
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -3) 50
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 4-6) 100
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating-7) 150
BIS, IMF, ECB, EC / ax"kILfo ljsf; a}+sx? pk/sf] bfjL 0
cGo ax"klIfo ljsf; a}+sx? pk/sf] bfjL 100
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1) 20
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 50
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6) 100
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7) 150
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ :jb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL 20
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]if sfod gug]{ :jb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL 100
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1) 20
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 50
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6) 100
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7) 150
tf]lsPsf] k'hLsf]ifdf 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(Ln]
k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ SAARC If]qleq :yfkgf ePsf ljb]zL 20
a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
:jb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL 100
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1) 20
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2) 50
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6) 100
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7) 150
pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory Retail Portfolio) -efsf
75
ggf#]sf]]_

86
 u|fg'nfl/^L ;Ldf afx]s cGo zt{ kfngf u/]sf] pkef]Uo
tyf ;fgf shf{ 100
-Regulatory Retail Portfolio except for Granularity)
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL 60
cfjf;Lo #/hUufaf^ k')f{ ;"/lIft gePsf] bfjL 150
cfjf;Lo #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL -efsf gf#]sf]]_ 100
Jofkfl/s #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL 100
e"QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt eO{;s]sf] bfjL -cfjf;Lo #/hUufaf^
150
;"/lIft bfjL jfx]s_
pRr hf]lvdo"Qm bfjL 150
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t sDkgLsf] z]o/ / cGo k'hLut
100
pks/)fdf ePsf] nufgL
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t gePsf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ / cGo
150
k"¤hLut pks/)fdf ePsf] nufgL
cGo ;DklQ 100
hDdf
jf;nft jflx/sf] sf/f]jf/
h"g;"s} a]nf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] k|lta$tf 0
ljN; sn]S;g 0
clu|d ljlgdo ;Demf}tf 10
6 dlxgfeGbf sd cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq :jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1) 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2) 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6) 100
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7) 150
6 dlxgfeGbf a(L cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq :jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1) 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2) 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6) 100
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7) 150
lj* j)*, k/km/d]G; j)*, sfp)^/ Uof/])^L :jb]zL sf/f]af/
50
kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1) 20
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2) 50
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6) 100
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7) 150
k|Tofe'lt -Underwriting) ;DalGw k|lta$tf 50
a}+saf^ ;"/If)fsf] ?kdf k|bfg ul/Psf hdfgtx? -Lending of 100
Bank's Securities or Posting of Securities as collateral)
k"gM vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] shf{ 100
clu|d e"QmfgL hdfgt 100
ljQLo hdfgt 100
:jLsf/ tyf b/lk& Acceptance and Endorsements 100
e"QmfgL gul/Psf] efu tyf cf+lzs e"QmfgL ul/Psf] z]o/
100
tyf ;"/If)f -Unpaid portion of Partly paid shares and Securities)
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf %f]^f] cjlw 20
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf nfdf] cjlw 50
cGo ;Defljt bfloTjx? 100

87
e"QmfgLsf] nflu bfjL k/]sf hdfgt afktsf] ;+efljt bfloTj 200
hDdf
s'n shf{ hf]lvd
Pillar II cGt/utsf] ;dfof]hg
hf]8M ^=$ -s_ -#_ cGtu{t k|lt u|fxs shf{ tyf ;'ljwf
;LdfeGbf a9L k|jflxt shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] !)
k|ltzt
hf]8M ^=$ -s_ -$_ cGtu{t k'g :jLsf/ x'g]u/L ljqmL
ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ! k|ltzt
s'n shf{ hf]lvd - Pillar II cGt/utsf] ;dfof]hg kl5_

cg";'rL 4=30-u_
============================================================lnld^]*
================cfiff(
Credit Risk Mitigation (CRM) sf] nflu of]Uo /sd -æsÆ ju{sf] nflu_ /sd ? xhf/df
cfkm\gf] cGo ;/sf/ cGo lab]zL lab]zL
shf{ /sd a}+sdf a}+sdf tyf g]kfn b]zsf] :jb]zL ax"kIfLo a}+ssf]
/x]sf] /x]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;/sf/sf] a} s
+ sf] lasf; a}+sx? hdfgt
jf;nft leqsf] lgIf]k lgIf]k ;"g /fi^« a}+s hdfgt hdfgt hdfgt Hdfgt tyf ;"/If)f

jf;nft leqsf] sf/f]jf/

gub df}Hbft
g]kfn /fi^« a}sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
;"g
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C)fkqdf nufgL
g]kfn ;/sf/ pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL
g]kfn /fi^« a}+s C)fkqdf ul/Psf] nufgL
g]kfn /fi^« a}+s pk/sf] ;Dk')f{ bfjL
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating 0-1)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating -2)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating -3)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating 4-6)
ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
(ECA Rating-7)
BIS, IMF, ECB, EC / ax"klIfo ljsf; a}+sx?
pk/sf] bfjL
cGo ax"klIfo ljsf; a}+sx? pk/sf] bfjL
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1)
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2)
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6)
;fj{hlgs ;+:yf pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7)
tf]lsPsf] k+"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ :jb]zL a}+s
pk/sf] bfjL
tf]lsPsf] k'FhLsf]if sfod gug]{ :jb]zL a}+s
pk/sf] bfjL
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1)
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2)
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6)
ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7)

88
tf]lsPsf] k"hLsf]ifdf 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(Ln]
k"hLsf]if sfod ug]{ SAARC If]qleq
:yfkgf ePsf ljb]zL a}+s pk/sf] bfjL
:jb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 0-1)
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -2)
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating 3-6)
ljb]zL ;+# ;+:yfx? pk/sf] bfjL (ECA Rating -7)
pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory Retail
Portfolio )-efsf ggf#]sf]]_
pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory Retail
Portfolio -efsf gf#]sf]]_
u|fg'nfl/^L ;Ldf afx]s cGo zt{ kfngf
u/]sf] pkef]Uo tyf ;fgf shf{ -Regulatory
Retail Portfolio )
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ k')f{ ;"/lIft gePsf] bfjL
cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL -efsf
gf#]sf]]_
Jofkfl/s #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL
e"QmfgL cjlw ;dfKt eO{;s]sf] bfjL
-cfjfl;o #/hUufaf^ ;"/lIft bfjL jfx]s_
pRr hf]lvdo'Qm bfjL
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;"rLs[t sDkgLsf] z]o/ /
cGo k"hLut pks/)fdf ePsf] nufgL
:^s PS;r]Ghdf ;'rLs[t gePsf] sDkgLsf]
z]o/ / cGo k"¤hLut pks/)fdf ePsf]
nufgL
cGo ;DklQ

hDdf

jf;nft jflx/sf] sf/f]jf/

h"g;'s} a]nf lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] k|lta$tf
ljN; sn]S;g
clu|d ljlgdo ;Demf}tf
6 dlxgf eGbf sd cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq
:jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7)
6 dlxgf eGbf a(L cjlwsf] k|ltt–kq
:jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7)
lj* j)*, k/km/d]G; j)*, sfp)^/ Uof/])^L
:jb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 0-1)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -2)
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA 3-6)

89
ljb]zL sf/f]af/ kIf (counter party) (ECA -7)
bfjL k/]sf] tyf e"QmfgL gul/Psf hdfgt
k|Tofe'lt (Underwriting) ;DalGw k|lta$tf
a}+saf^ ;"/If)fsf] ?kdf k|bfg ul/Psf
hdfgtx? -Lending of Bank's Securities or Posting
of Securities as collateral)
k"g vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] shf{
clu|d e"QmfgL hdfgt
ljQLo hdfgt
:jLsf/ tyf b/lk& -Acceptance and
Endorsements)
e"QmfgL gul/Psf] efu tyf cf+lzs e"QmfgL
ul/Psf] z]o/ tyf ;"/If)f -Unpaid portion of
Partly paid shares and Securities)
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf %f]^f] cjlw
ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|lta$tf nfdf] cjlw
cGo ;Defljt bfloTjx?
hDdf
s'n shf{ hf]lvd

cg";'rL 4=30 -#_

============================================================lnld^]*
=================cfiff(
;~rfng hf]lvd -æsÆ ju{sf] nflu_
/sd ? xhf/df
206== cfiff( d;fGtsf] cl#Nnf aif{x? 206== cfiff(
ljj/)f
klxnf] jif{ bf];|f] jif{ t];|f] jif{ d;fGt
v"b Aofh cfDbfgL
sldzg tyf l*:sfp)^
cGo ;+rfng vr{
;^xL #^a( cfDbfgL
o; jif{sf] yk Aofh d"NtjL lx;fj
s"n cfDbfgL -s_
tf]lsPsf] k|ltzt -v_ 15% 15% 15%
tf]lsPsf] k|ltztn] x"g] s"n cfDbfgL -u_ = -s_x-v_
;+rfng hf]lvdsf] nflu cfjZos k'FhL -#_ = -u_ sf] cf}ift
hf]lvd ef/ (Reciprocal of capital requirement) -ª_ 10
;+rfng hf]lvdsf] nflu hf]lvd efl/t /sd -r_= -#_x-ª_
Pillar II cGtu{tsf] ;dfof]hg
^=$ -c_ -*_ cg';f/ ut tLg jif{sf] s'n cfDbfgL C0ffTds ePdf
s"n shf{ tyf nufgL -ljif]z Joj:yfsf] ;dfof]hg kl%_
;+rfng hf]lvdsf] nflu cfjZos k'FhL
hf]lvd ef/ (Reciprocal of capital requirement of 10%) -%_ 10
;+rfng hf]lvdsf] nflu hf]lvd efl/t /sd -h_= -r_+-%_

90
 cg";'rL 4=30 -ñ_
============================================================lnld^]*
========================cfiff(
ahf/ hf]lvd -æsÆ ju{sf] nflu_
/sd ? xhf/df
206== cfiff( d;fGt 206== cfiff(
d;fGt lab]zL
lab]zL d"b|fsf] lab]zL d"b|fsf] lab]zL d"b|fsf]
qm= ;+= ljj/)f d"b|fsf]
v'b cj:yf v'b cj:yf ;fGble{s v'b
;fGble{s v'b
-la=d'=_ -g]=?=_ cj:yf -g]=?=_
cj:yf -g]=?=_
1 ef/tLo ?lkof
2 cd]l/sL *n/
3 o"/f]
4 kfpG* :^ln{*
5 l:j; km|}+s
6 c:^]«lnog *n/
7 Sofg]l*og *n/
8 l;+ufk"/ *n/
9 hfkfgL o]g
10 lrlgof o"cfg
11 ;fpbL c/a l/ofn
12 stf/L l/ofn
13 yfO{ ef^
14 ;+o"Qm c/a Old/]^ lb/fd
15 dn]l;og l/+lu^
16 l:jl*; qmf]g/
17 *]lg; qmf]g/
18 x*sé *n/
19
20
Total Open Position-s_
tf]lsPsf] k|ltzt -v_ 5%
ahf/ hf]lvdsf] nflu cfjZos k"+hL -u_ = -s_x-v_
hf]lvd ef/ (Reciprocal of capital requirement) -#_
10
-100÷10_
ahf/ hf]lvdsf] nflu hf]lvd efl/t /sd -ª_= -u_x-#_

91
 cg';"rL $=#!
===============lnld6]8
k|d'v ;"rsfFÍ
sDtLdf ljut % jif{sf] kl/;"rsx¿
ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ cf=a= cf=a= cf=a= cf=a= cf=a=
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
1= v'b gfkmf÷s'n cfDbfgL k|ltzt k|ltzt
2= k|lt z]o/ cfDbfgL ¿=
3= k|lt z]o/ ahf/ d"No ¿=
4= d"No cfDbfgL cg'kft (PE Ratio) cg'kft
5= z]o/ k'FhLdf nfef+z -jf]g; ;lxt_ k|ltzt
6= z]o/ k'FhLdf gub nfef+; e'QmfgL k|ltzt
7= Aofh cfDbfgL÷shf{ tyf ;fk6 k|ltzt
8= sd{rf/L vr{÷s'n ;~rfng vr{ k|ltzt
9= s'n lgIf]k tyf ;fk6Ldf Aofh vr{ k|ltzt
10= ;6xL 36a6 cfDbfgL÷s'n cfDbfgL k|ltzt
11= sd{rf/L af]g;÷s'n sd{rf/L vr{ k|ltzt
12= v'b gfkmf÷shf{ ;fk6 k|ltzt
13= v'b gfkmf÷s'n ;DklQ cg'kft
14= s'n shf{÷lgIf]k k|ltzt
15= s'n ;~rfng vr{÷s'n ;DklQ k|ltzt
16= hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQdf k'FhLsf]ifsf] kof{Kttf
-s_ k|fylds k'FhL k|ltzt
-v_ k"/s k'FhL k|ltzt
-u_ s'n k'FhL sf]if k|ltzt
17= t/ntf (CRR) cg'kft
18= lgis[o shf{÷s'n shf{ k|ltzt
19= Aofh b/ cGt/ (Weighted Average Interest
Rate Spread)
20= a's g]6jy{ ¿=
21= s'n z]o/ ;+Vof
22= s'n sd{rf/L ;+Vof
23= cGo

cg';"rL $=#@
k|d'v n]vf gLltx?
jflif{s n]vf laj/0fx?;Fu k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ .

92
 cg';"rL $=##
n]vf ;DaGwL l6Kk0fLx?
jflif{s n]vf laj/0fx?;Fu k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ .

cg";'rL 4=34
============================================== lnld6]8
;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf z]o/wgLn] cfkm\gf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfdf lwtf] /fvL shf{ lnPsf] ljj/0f
;+:yfks÷;+:yf ;+:yfkssf] :jfldTjdf shf{ ljj/0f
qm= ks ;d"x sfod /x]sf] z]o/
;+= cGtu{t kg]{ s"n s"n r'Qmf shf{ lnPsf] cGo s}lkmot
z]o/wgLsf] lsQf k'FhLsf] a}+s÷ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ /sd lwtf]df /x]sf]
gfd ;+Vof k|ltzt gfd z]o/ lsQf ;+Vof
!
@
=

93
 cg";'rL 4=35

.......................................... Bank and Financial Institution Ltd.

Comparison of Unaudited and Audited Financial Statement as of FY ...../...
Rs in '000
As per Variance
As per Audited
Unaudited Reasons for
S.No. Particulars Financial In Amount In %
Financial Variance
Statement
Statement
1 Total Capital and Liabilities (1.1 to 1.7)
1.1 Paid up Capital
1.2 Reserve and Surplus
1.3 Debenture and Bond
1.4 Borrowings
1.5 Deposits (a+b)
a. Domestic Currency
b. Foreign Currency
1.6 Income Tax Liability
1.7 Other Liabilities
2 Total Assets (2.1 to 2.7)
2.1 Cash and Bank Balance
2.2 Money at Call and Short Notice
2.3 Investments
2.4 Loans and Advances
2.5 Fixed Assets
2.6 Non Banking Assets
2.7 Other Assets
3 Profit and Loss Account
3.1 Interest Income
3.2 Interest Expense
A. Net Interest Income (3.1 - 3.2)
3.3 Fees, Commission and Discount
3.4 Other Operating Income
3.5 Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss (Net)
B. Total Operating Income (A+3.3+3.4+3.5)
3.6 Staff Expenses
3.7 Other Operating Expenses
C. Operating Profit Before Provision (B -3.6 - 3.7)
3.8 Provision for Possible Losses
D. Operating Profit (C -3.8)
3.9 Non Operating Income/Expenses (Net)
3.10 Write Back of Provision for Possible Loss
E. Profit from Regular Activities (D+3.9+3.10)
3.11 Extraordinary Income/Expenses (Net)
F. Profit before Bonus and Taxes (E +3.11)
3.12 Provision for Staff Bonus
3.13 Provision for Tax
G. Net Profit/Loss (F - 3.12 - 3.13)

94
 cg";'lr $=c
...................... Limited
Unaudited Financial Results (Quarterly)
As at ........... Quarter (...../...../200...) of the Fiscal Year 200.../200...
Rs. in '000
This Quater Previous Quarter Corresponding Previsous
S.No. Particulars
Ending Ending Year Quarter Ending
1 Total Capital and Liabilities (1.1 to 1.7)
1.1 Paid up Capital
1.2 Reserve and Surplus
1.3 Debenture and Bond
1.4 Borrowings
1.5 Deposits (a+b)
a. Domestic Currency
b. Foreign Currency
1.6 Income Tax Liability
1.7 Other Liabilities
2 Total Assets (2.1 to 2.7)
2.1 Cash and Bank Balance
2.2 Money at Call and Short Notice
2.3 Investments
2.4 Loans and Advances (a+b+c+d+e+f)
a. Real Estate Loan
b. Home/Housing Loan
c. Margin Type Loan
d. Term Loan
e. Overdraft Loan/TR Loan/WC Loan
f. Others
2.5 Fixed Assets
2.6 Non Banking Assets
2.7 Other Assets
Up to Previous Up to Corresponding
3 Profit and Loss Account Up to This Quarter
Quarter Previous Year Quarter
3.1 Interest Income
3.2 Interest Expense
A. Net Interest Income (3.1 - 3.2)
3.3 Fees, Commission and Discount
3.4 Other Operating Income
3.5 Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss (Net)
B. Total Operating Income (A+3.3+3.4+3.5)
3.6 Staff Expenses
3.7 Other Operating Expenses
C. Operating Profit Before Provision (B -3.6 - 3.7)
3.8 Provision for Possible Losses
D. Operating Profit (C -3.8)
3.9 Non Operating Income/Expenses (Net)
3.1O Write Back of Provision for Possible Loss
E. Profit from Regular Activities (D+3.9+3.10)
3.11 Extraordinary Income/Expenses (Net)
F. Profit before Bonus and Taxes (E +3.11)
3.12 Provision for Staff Bonus
3.13 Provision for Tax
G. Net Profit/Loss (F - 3.12 - 3.13)
At the End of
At the End of This At the End of
4 Ratios Corresponding Previous
Quarter Previous Quarter
Year Quarter
4.1 Capital Fund to RWA
4.2 Non Performing Loan (NPL) to Total Loan
4.3 Total Loan Loss Provision to Total NPL
4.4 Cost of Funds
4.5 Credit to Deposit Ratio (Calculated as per NRB Directives)

95
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= %÷)^&

laifo: Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]jf/df lglxt hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug]{ ;DjGwL Joj:yf .

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/df lglxt t/ntf, Aofhb/, ljb]zL ljlgdo tyf shf{ ;DaGwL hf]lvdnfO{
Go"gLs/0f ug]{ ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg lbOPsf]
5.
!= hf]lvd juL{s/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt hf]lvdnfO{ cg'udg ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu hf]lvdnfO{
b]xfo jdf]lhd juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-v_ Aofhb/ ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-u_ ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
-3_ shf{ tyf nufgL ;DaGwL hf]lvd .
@= t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTjnfO{
e'QmfgL cjlw (Maturity Period) sf] cfwf/df ljleGg ;do cGt/fn (Time Interval) df juL{s/0f
ug'{ kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+= %=! adf]lhdsf] t/ntf laj/0f (Liquidity
Profile) q}dfl;s ?kdf tof/ u/L qodf; -c;f]h, k';, r}q / cfiff9 d;fGt_ ;dfKt ePsf] kGw|
lbg leq o; a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL cjlwsf] cfwf/df lgDgfg';f/ ;do
cGt/fnsf] juL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!_ gAa] lbg ;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-@_ gAa] lbg eGbf a9L Ps;o c;L lbg;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-#_ Ps;o c;L lbg eGbf a9L b'O{;o ;Q/L lbg;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-$_ b'O{;o ;Q/L lbg eGbf a9L Ps jif{ ;Ddsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-%_ Ps jif{ eGbfa9L e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTj .
-#_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTjnfO{ pka'Fbf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;do cGt/fndf
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf rNtL tyf art lgIf]k h:tf bfloTj dWo]
k|fylds lgIf]ksf] ?kdf /x]sf / Go"gtd sfod ug'{kg]{ df}Hbftsf] c+z;Ddsf] /sd Ps jif{ eGbf
a9L cjlwsf] ;do cGt/fnleq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . rNtL lgIf]ksf] pQm c+zsf] oyfy{ cg'dfg
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf :jo+n] ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fdfGotM :yfoL ?kdf /lx/xg] rNtL lgIf]ksf] c+znfO{
k|fylds lgIf]ksf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
-%_ a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yfx?sf] t/ntf ;DaGwL hf]lvdnfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] a}+s laQLo
;+:yfx?sf] ;|f]t kl/rfng -:jb]zL lgIf]k tyf k|fylds k'\FhL_ df s'n shf{ ;fk6sf] c+z *) k|ltzt
gf3\g gx'g] u/L ;Ldf tf]lsPsf] 5 . o; cl3 g} pQm cg'kft *) k|ltzt gf3]sf ;+:yfx?n]
lgDgfg';f/sf] ;dofjlwdf b]xfosf] ;Ldfleq Nofpg' kg]{5 .
@)^& cfiff9 d;fGt @)^* cfiff9 d;fGt @)^* kf}if d;fGt
(% k|ltzt *% k|ltzt *) k|ltzt

96
#= Aofhb/ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Aofhb/af6 pTkGg x'g] hf]lvdnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf pkfox?
cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] ;+klQx? tyf bfloTjx? (Interest Sensitive
Assets and Liabilities) nfO{ dfq ;DklQ tyf bfloTjdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ ;fdfGotM ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL cjlw ldnfg gx'g] (Maturity Mismatch)
cj:yfsf] cGt/ ljZn]if0f -Gap Analysis_ ubf{ gub df}Hbft (Cash Balance) / Aofh
e'QmfgL lbg' gkg]{ (Non-interest Bearing Account) vftfsf] /sd ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Aofhb/ hf]lvdnfO{ Jojl:yt tyf Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;+nUg lgb]{zg
kmf=g+=%=@ adf]lhdsf] laj/0f q}dfl;s -c;f]h, k';, r}q / c;f/ d;fGt_ ?kdf tof/ u/L
qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbg leq o; a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug{'
kg]{5 .
-@_ Aofhb/ hf]lvdsf] cg'udg ug{ lnOg' kg]{ ;do cGt/fn (Time Interval) sf] juL{s/0f ubf{ bkmf @
cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw (Fixed Maturity Period) gePsf ;DklQ tyf bfloTjnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf ;DklQx?
-!_ cfjlws ?kdf Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg x'g] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ (Floating rate loan
with interest adjusted periodically) nfO{ h'g cjlwdf Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg ul/G5,
;f]xL ;do cGt/fn leq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} Aofhb/ ljz]if kl/jt{g;Fu ;dfof]hg x'g] -h:t}M 6]«h/L ljnsf] Aofhb/_ u/L
k|jfx ul/Psf] cfjlws shf{nfO{ ;j}eGbf sd cjlwsf] ;do cGt/fn leq ;dfj]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf bfloTjx?
Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] lglZrt e'QmfgL cjlw gePsf bfloTjx?
(Interest Sensitive, Floating Rate Liabilities) nfO{ dfq h'g cjlwdf Aofhb/ ;dfof]hg
ul/G5, ;f]xL ;do cGt/fnleq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ cGt/ (Gap) dfkg b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ljleGg ;do cGt/fnsf s'n ;DklQaf6 s'n bfloTj 36fP/ ;f] ;do cGt/fnsf] ;DklQ
tyf bfloTjsf] cGt/ (Gap) lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ 5 . pQm cGt/ (Gap) wgfTds (Positive)
cyjf C0ffTds (Negative) b'j} x'g ;Sg]5 .
-v_ Aofhb/ hf]lvd Go"g ug]{ k|of]hgsf] lgldQ k|To]s ;do cGt/fnsf] ;l~rt cGt/
(Cumulative Gap) ;d]t lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;l~rt cGt/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ h'g ;do
cGt/fnsf] ;l~rt cGt/ lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ xf] ;f] ;do cGt/fnsf] cGt/ (Gap) ;lxt ;f]
eGbf cl3sf ;do cGt/fnsf cGt/nfO{ ;d]t hf]8]/ /fVg' kg]{5 .
-u_ Aofhb/df x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt kl/jt{gnfO{ cg'dfg (Estimate) ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf]
nflu ;fdfGotof Ps k|ltztn] Aofhb/ kl/jt{gaf6 kg{ hfg] c;/nfO{ x]g{ ;lsg]5 .
-3_ kl/jt{g x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] Aofhb/ pkv08 -u_ adf]lhd k|To]s ;do cGt/fnsf]
;dofjlw;Fu ;dfof]lht x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ Aofhb/df x'g]
;dfof]lht Aofhb/ (IRC) kl/jt{gnfO{ b]xfosf] cg'kftn] u'0fg ug'{ kg]{5 M–
;do cGt/fndf /x]sf lbg ÷#^% lbg
h:t} M— ! k|ltztn] Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ePdf, () lbgsf] ;do cGt/fn x'Fbf
Interest Rate Change (IRC) = ()÷#^%×)=)! = )=))@%
-ª_ Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f a}+ssf] gfkmf–gf]S;fgdf kg{ uPsf] c;/nfO{ x]g{ ljleGg
;do cGt/fnsf] ;l~rt cGt/fn (Cumulative Gap) nfO{ pkv08 -3_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f
ul/Psf] Aofhb/n] u'0fg u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

97
$= ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
-!_ ljb]zL ljlgdo b/df cfpg] ;Defljt kl/jt{gaf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yfdf kg{
;Sg] c;/nfO{ cg'udg ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+nUg lgb]{zg kmf=g+=%=# adf]lhdsf] laj/0f ;fKtflxs ?kdf
;Ktfx ljt]sf] ;ft lbg leq o; a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL ljlgdo b/df cfpg] kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg x'g;Sg]] hf]lvdnfO{
Go"gLs/0f ug{ o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] n]vf ;DaGwL gLlt tyf ljQLo laj/0fx?sf] 9fFrf ;DaGwL
lgb]{zg -O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= $_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ;6xL 36j9 sf]if sfod /fVg' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cNksfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg e'QmfgL cjlwsf cfwf/df ljb]zL ljlgdonfO{
d'b|fut ?kdf juL{s/0f u/L b'j} cjlwsf] v'b cj:yf (Net Position) b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; k|of]hgsf] nflu æcNksfnLgÆ cjlw eGgfn] Ps dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf sd cjlw
;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljb]zL ljlgdosf] b}lgs v'b cj:yf a9Ldf k|fylds k'FhLsf] lt;
k|ltzt;Dd x'g] u/L ;Ldf sfod ul/Psf] 5 . v'b cj:yf pQm ;Ldf eGbf a9L x'g uPdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf :jo+n] To:tf] cj:yfnfO{ ;Ldf leq Nofpg k|of; ug'{ kg]{5 . Ps dlxgfleq
klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] v'b cj:yfnfO{ ;Ldfleq gNofPdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd
sf/jfxL x'g]5 . v'b cj:yf u0fgf ubf{ kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f lgIf]k bfloTj (Foreign Currency Deposit
Liablility) tyf clu|d ljb]zL ljlgdo vl/b÷ljqmL /sd ;d]tnfO{ ;dfof]hg u/]sf] x'g' kb{5 .
%= shf{ tyf nufgL ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf
o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf] æshf{ ;fk6sf] juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf -O=k|+f=lgb]{zg g+= @ _Æ
/ æPsn u|fxs tyf If]qut shf{ ;fk6 / ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf -O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= #_ tyf
nufgL ;DjGwL Aoj:Yff -O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= *_ nfO{ g} shf{ tyf nufgL ;DaGwL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug]{
cfwf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
^== vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]jf/df lglxt hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug]{ ;DjGwL
Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= %÷)^^ adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd
hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

98
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+= 5=1
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] gfd M
cjlw M
;+/rgfut t/ntf -Structural Liquidity_ ljj/)f tflnsf
-?= nfvdf_
1 – 90 91 – 180 181 – 270 271 – 365 1 jif{ s"n
qm=;= ljj/)f
lbg lbg lbg lbg eGbf a(L /sd
;DklQ
1= gub df}Hbft
2= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
3= ljb]zL a}+sdf ul/Psf] nufgL
4= sn dlg
5= ;/sf/L ;"/If)fkq
6= g]=/f=a}+s C)fkq
7= cGt/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf shf{
8= shf{ ;fk^
9= kfpg" kg]{ Aofh
10= l/e;{ l/kf]
11= k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo ;+:yfx?af^ k|fKt x"g]
12= qm=;= 20, 21 / 22 sf ;"ljwfx?sf] e"QmfgL
13= cGo
s"n ;DklQ
bfloTj
14= rNtL lgIf]k
15= art lgIf]k
16= d"@lt lgIf]k
17= C)fkqx?
18= ;fk^L M
dfu÷cNk ;"rgf
cGt/ a}+s÷lj=;+:yf
k"g/shf{
cGo
19= cGo bfloTj tyf Joj:yfx? M
;)*«L qm]l*^;{
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ ljn
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ Aofh
Joj:yfx?
cGo
20= k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo ;+:yfx?nfO{ lbg"kg]{
21= pkef]u e}g;s]sf] :jLs[t ;"ljwfx?
22= k|lttkq÷hdfgt -v"b_
23= l/kf]
24= qm=;= 11 cGtu{tsf] ;"ljwfsf] e"QmfgL
25= cGo
s"n bfloTj
v"b ;DklQ
;+lrt v"b ;DklQ

99
 n]vf zLif{s
;DklQ
kfpg"kg]{ Aofh
l/e;{ l/kf]
k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo
;+:yfx?af^ k|fKt x"g]
qm=;= 20, 21 / 22 sf
;"ljwfx?sf] e"QmfgL
cGo zLif{sx?
bfloTj
;)*«L qm]l*^;{
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ ljn
e"QmfgL lbg"kg]{ Aofh
Joj:yfx?*
k|lta$tf cGtu{t cGo
;+:yfx?nfO{ lbg"kg]{
pkef]u e}g;s]sf] :jLs[t
;"ljwfx?
k|lttkq÷hdfgt -v"b_
l/kf]
qm=;= 11 cGtu{tsf]
;"ljwfsf] e"QmfgL
cGo zLif{sx?
cjlwsf] ljj/)f
h"g ;dodf Aofh k|fKt x"g] xf], ;f]xL ;dosf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
h"g ;dodf ;"ljwf k|fKt x"g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] % ;f]xL ;dosf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
hdfgt afx]s cGo ;"lawfx?sf] xsdf e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df / hdfgtsf]
xsdf 1 aif{eGbf a(Lsf] Bucket df /fVg] .
Plss[t lgb]{zgsf] lgb]{zg g+ 5 df Joj:yf ul/P jdf]lhd ug]{ .
1 b]lv 90 lbgsf] Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
lglZrt e"QmfgL cjlw ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL adf]lhd / gePsf] cj:yfdf 1 b]lv 90 lbgsf] Bucket
df /fVg] .
lautsf] Trend ljin]if)faf^ dfusf] Pattern cg"dfg u/L ;f]xL cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df
/fVg] .
lautsf] Trend ljin]if)faf^ dfusf] Pattern cg"dfg u/L ;f]xL cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df
/fVg] .
k|lttkqsf] xsdf e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df / hdfgtsf] xsdf lautsf] Trend
ljin]if)faf^ Claim Pattern :yflkt u/L cfpg] /sd hdfgtsf] cjlw ;dfKt x"g] Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
e"QmfgL cjlw cg";f/sf] ;DjlGwt Bucket df /fVg] .
Plss[t lgb]{zgsf] lgb]{zg g+ 5 df Joj:yf ul/P jdf]lhd ug]{ .

* ;Defljt gf]S;fgL jfkt sfod ul/Psf Joj:yfx? afx]ssf vr{ zLif{s;+u ;DjlGwt Joj:yfx? .

lgb]{zg kmf=g+= 5=2

Aofhb/ ;DaGwL hf]lvd cg"udg tflnsf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] gfdM
cjlw M -¿=nfvdf_
cjlw ! – () (! – !*) !*! – @&) @&! – ! jif{ eGbf s'n
laj/0f lbg lbg lbg #^% lbg a9L /sd
!= s'n ;DklQ*
@= s'n bfloTj**
#= cGt/fn -! — @_
$= ;l~rt cGt/fn
%= ;dfof]lht Aofhb/ (IRC)***
^= q}dfl;s d'gfkmf l:yltdf k|efj
-;l~rt cGt/fn x IRC)
&= ;l~rt d'gfkmf l:ylt km/s
-qm=;+= ^ sf] hf]8 ub}{ hfg]_
* s'n ;+klQ cGtu{t Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] ;DklQ (Interest Sensitive Assets) dfq ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
** s'n bfloTj cGtu{t Aofhb/df ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f k|efljt x'g] bfloTj (Interest Sensitive Liabilities) dfq ;dfj]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
*** Interest Rate Change

100
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+=%=#
ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL hf]lvd cg'udg tflnsf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] gfd M
cjwL M -¿=nfvdf_
v'b
cNksfnLg bL3{sfnLg s'n
cNksfnLg bL3{sfnLg cj:yf÷
ljb]zL d'b|f v'b
v'b cj:yf v'b cj:yf k|fylds
;DklQ bfloTj ;DklQ bfloTj cj:yf
k'FhL
o'= P;= 8n/
:6ln{Ë kfp08
hfkfgL o]g
o'/f]
cGo d'b|f

ef/tLo ?k}ofF

s'n

101
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= ^÷)^&

laifoM ;+:yfut ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ ;+:yfut ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6«
a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .

!= ;~rfnsn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf

-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsn] Go"gtd :jLsf/of]Uo cfr/0f sfod ug'{ kg]{
-s_ ;~rfnsn] o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf kfngf ug]{ arga4tfkqdf
x:tfIf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ s'g} JolQm ;+rfnsdf lgo'Qm ePkl5 sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'eGbf klxn] cfkm\gf] ;+:yf;+u ljQLo
:jfy{ eP gePsf] s'/f ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ ;+rfnsn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgsf] b}lgs sfdsf/jfxLdf x:tIf]k ug'{ xF'b}g .
-3_ ;~rfnsn]] cfkm\gf] clwsf/ If]q gf3L u/]sf] sfdsf/jfxLk|lt ;+rfns :jo+ hjfkmb]xL x'g'
kg]{5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;+:yf pQ/bfoL x'g' kg]{ 5}g .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/tsf ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g gx'g]
-s_ ;~rfns k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/t x'g] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ultljlwdf
;+nUg x'b}g .
-v_ ;~rfns lghsf] ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] u|fxs;Fusf] sf/f]af/df k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg
x'g' x'Fb}g . s'g} u|fxs;Fu To:tf] ;~rfnssf] s'g} klg lsl;dn] :jfldTj, ;fe]mbf/ jf
hdfgtstf{ eO{ C0f lng] jf lbg] ljifodf ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] lgh ;~rfns
kbdf axfn /xg of]Uo dflgg] 5}g .
-u_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] lghsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 egL k|dfl0ft gu/];Dd ;fj{hlgs
?kdf lgisfzg ul/Psf z]o/÷C0fkqx?sf] sf/f]af/sf] xsdf o; lsl;dsf] k|ltjGw nfu"
x'g] 5}g .
-3_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] cfk"m cfj4 ePsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj;fodf ;+nUg x'g'sf]
cltl/Qm o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo s'g}klg ;+:yf;Fu ;DalGwt Joj;fo ;+rfng
u/]df klg To;nfO{ ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/tsf] ultljlwsf] ?kdf lnOg] 5 .
-ª_ ;~rfnssf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:on] lwtf]kq Joj;foL -bnfn, ahf/ lgdf{tf cflb_ sf]
?kdf :yflkt ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] bz k|ltzteGbf a9L :jfldTj u|x0f u/L lwtf]kq sf/f]jf/df
;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g .
-r_ ;~rfns jf ! k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf z]o/wgL jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] :jfldTjdf
/x]sf]÷ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] kmd{, sDkgL;+u aflif{s ! nfv @) xhf/ eGbf a9Lsf] sf/]fjf/
ug{ jf 3/ ef8f lnO{ sf/f]]jf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{ gx'g]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] cfk"m sfo{/t ;+:yf afx]s o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo s'g}
klg ;+:yfdf cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{' x'Fb}g . t/, o; bkmfn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/t gx'g] u/L cGo Joj;flos ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g eg] aGb]h nufPsf]
dflgg] 5}g . ;+:yfsf] lxtdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ ePdf dfq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lghnfO{ To:tf]
:jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .

102
-$_ PseGbf a9L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns x'g gkfOg]
Pp6f ;+:yfdf ;~rfns /x]sf] JolQm Ps}k6s csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf tyf ;xsf/L P]g, @)$*
cGtu{t ;+rflnt C0f tyf art ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;d]tsf] ;~rfns x'g kfOg] 5}g .
t/, b]xfo cg';f/ x'g o; lgb]{zgn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgL ePsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf nufgL
u/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ;~rfns dgf]gog ug'{ kbf{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
:jLs[lt lnO{ cfˆgf] s'g} ;~rfns To:tf] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnsdf dgf]gog
x'g,
-v_ gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo gePsf ;fdflhs ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;+:yfx? h:t}M wfld{s, z}lIfs,
;f+:s[lts, k/f]ksf/L h:tf ;+:yfx?sf] lgodsf] kl/lwleq /xL ;~rfns x'g .
-%_ ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otdf /xg gx'g]
;~rfnsn] u|fxssf] hdLg tyf hfoh]yf ;DaGwL sf/f]af/df k|zf;s jf ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otn] ;+nUg
x'g' x'Fb}g . olb o:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg eO{ u|fxssf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf]] vftfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{
clwsf/ k|fKt u/]df ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 To;sf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsx?n] n3'ljQ sf/f]jf/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
;+/Ifs jf ;Nnfxsf/sf] ?kdf dfq /xg jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-^_ kbsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g]
;~rfnsn] cfˆgf] kb / gfd b'?kof]u u/L s'g} klg lsl;dsf] JolQmut kmfObf x'g] lqmofsnfkdf
;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfns / lghsf kl/jf/n] ;d]t lgh axfn /x]sf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu sf/f]af/ ubf{ kfl/jfl/s ;DaGwnfO{ hf]8\g kfOg] 5}g . kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f
v'nfO{ To:tf kl/jf/n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lng] ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL 5nkmn / lg0f{odf
efu lng kfOg] 5}g . ;fy}, ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b ljqmL ubf{ z]o/ nufot cGo k|Tofe"ltx?sf]
sf/f]jf/df k|fyldstf kfpg jf lbgsf nflu kbsf] pkof]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o;}u/L ;'g, rfFbL,
ljb]zL ljlgdo / ljb]zL ;'/If0fkqx?sf] ;§fk§f ubf{ kbLo k|efj kfg{ kfOg] 5}g .
-&_ clen]v / k|ltj]bg k"0f{ Pj+ b'?:t /fVg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf ;DaGwL clen]v / k|ltj]bg k"0f{ Pj+ b'?:t ?kdf /fv]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
;~rfnsn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cflwsfl/s n]vf ;DaGwL clen]v / sfuhftdf JolQmut ?kdf
yk36 ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-*_ uf]klgotf sfod /fVg' kg]{
-s_ ;~rfnsn] u|fxssf] ;"rgf / sf/f]af/sf] uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg' kg]{5 . gLh ;~rfns
kbaf6 lgj[Q eO;s] kl5 klg ;+:yfn] s'g} u|fxs;Fu u/]sf] uf]Ko sfo{ -Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfsf] lnlvt :jLs[lt gePsf]df_, k|ltlnlk clwsf/, cGo kqfrf/, n]vf / u|fxs;Fu
ePsf] cGo sf/f]af/sf] laj/0f cfˆgf] ljQLo :jfy{sf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ s'g} u|fxssf] Joj;flos jf ljQLo ;"rgf u|fxssf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lnP/ cGo JolQm jf
;+:yfnfO{ lbg ;lsg] 5 .
t/, k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL laj/0fx? t];|f] kIfnfO{ pknAw
u/fpFbf uf]kgLotf e+u ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-(_ lgikIf / ;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{
;~rfnsn] u|fxs;Fusf] ldqtf / ;DaGwaf6 k|efljt geO{ lgikIf Pj+ ;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df
Jofj;flos Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dfly n]lvP adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf :jLsf/ u/L tyf cfjZos
b]v]df cfˆgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ k|0ffnLsf] nflu yk cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;d]t tof/ u/L o; a}+ssf]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGWft ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 .

103
 -!!_ ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{
;~rfnsn] o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf cfr/0fx? kfngf u/] gu/]sf] laj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf]
kGw| lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f
ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . s'g} ;~rfnsn] pQm cfr/0fx?sf] kfngf gu/]df ;f] kfngf gu/]sf] laj/0f
/ lghdfly ul/Psf] sf/jfxL o; a}+ssf pk/f]Qm ljefux?df t'?Gt k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@= ;~rfns÷;~rfns ;ldltsf] st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj
;j{;fwf/0faf6 lgIf]k ;+sng u/L To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{df ;+nUg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf
;~rfnsx?n] cfˆgf z]o/wgLx?sf] lxt dfq gx]/L lgIf]kstf{ nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnf (Stakeholder) x?sf]
lxt ;+/If0f ug{;Sg] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ;+rfngdf lqmofzLn x'g' kg]{5 . ;~rfnsx?sf] c;n
cfr/0f tyf lqmofsnfkaf6 ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;fy} b]zsf] ;du| ljQLo k|0ffnLdf cg's"n
k|efj kg{ hfg] x'Fbf To:tf ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?sf] lgo'lQm, lghx?n] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo tyf axg ug'{
kg]{ pQ/bfloTj ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 M–
-s_ ;+:yfnfO{ bIf, ljj]sk"0f{ Pj+ Jofj;flos ?kdf ;+rfng ug{ pko'Qm lsl;dsf] sd{rf/L k|zf;g
ljlgodfjnL tof/ u/L of]Uo tyf ;Ifd pRr kbflwsf/Lx?sf] 5gf}6 tyf lgo'lQm ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ u}/ sfo{sf/L ;~rfnssf] dftxtdf /xg] u/L n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL lj:t[t sfo{ k|0ffnL tof/ u/L ;f]sf] cfwf/df n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsx?af6 lgoldt ?kdf cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{ / cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIfsn] l;w} n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltnfO{ k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . s'g} Pp6f ;+:yfsf]
Internal Audit ;DjGwL sfo{ ug{ lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] JolQm jf ;+:yf tyf ;f] ;+:yfsf ;fem]bf/ jf
sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ;+:yfsf] Statutory Audit ;DaGwL sfo{df ;+nUg x'g kfpg] 5}g . To;}u/L s'g} Pp6f
;+:yfsf] Statutory Audit ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] JolQm jf ;+:yf tyf ;f] ;+:yfsf
;fem]bf/ jf sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ;+:yfsf] Internal Audit ;DjGwL sfo{df ;+nUg x'g gkfpg] Joj:yf
;ldltn] ldnfpg\' kg]{5 .
-3_ ;+:yf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] /sd kl/rfng ug]{ ;+:yf ePsf] x'Fbf ;~rfnsx?n] ;+:yfsf] cg'udg tyf
;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ j9L ljj]sk"0f{ / ;Ifd t/Lsfn] ug'{ kg]{5 .
-ª_ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ clVtof/ k|Tofof]hg u/] klg lghx?sf] lqmofsnfksf] clGtd bfloTj
;~rfnsx?n] g} axg ug'{ kg]{ x'Fbf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf sd{rf/Lx? dfly ul/Psf ;'kl/j]If0f
tyf sf/jfO{ ;DaGwL clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
-r_ ;+:yfsf] nufgL tyf shf{ gLlt, ;DklQ tyf bfloTj Joj:yfkg, ah]l6Ë, of]hgf / cGo cfjZos
ljifodf lnlvt gLlt tyf of]hgf th'{df u/L sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ kfng ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ ;~rfnsx?n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cj:yf Pj+ ultljlw / Joj:yfkgn] clVtof/ u/]sf gLlt
;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kdf hfgsf/L lnO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;'wf/fTds pkfo ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
-h_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s k|rlnt sfg'gdf Joj:yf eP cg';f/ a:g' kg]{5 .
-em_ k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf gLlt lgb]{zg tyf lgodgsf] kl/kfngf gePdf
;~rfnsx? cfkm\gf] kbaf6 avf{:t ;d]t x'g;Sg] x'gfn] To:tf sfg'g, gLlt lgb]{zg tyf lgodg
ljifodf ;~rfnsx? k"0f{ hfgsf/ x'g'sf ;fy} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 To:tf sfg'g, gLlt lgb]{zg
tyf lgodg kfngf eP gePsf] ;DjGwdf lgoldt cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-`_ ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx?n] lgIf]kstf{sf] xslxt ljkl/t sfo{ u/]df jf o; a}+sn] dfu u/]sf sfuhftx?
pknAw gu/fPdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd To:tf ;~rfns tyf
kbflwsf/LnfO{ nufOPsf] hl/jfgf JolQmut ?kdf ltg'{ kg]{5 . o;/L JolQmut ?kdf lt/]sf] hl/jfgf
/sdnfO{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] lx;fjdf vr{ n]vL e'QmfgL lbg kfpg] 5}g .
-6_ ;+:yfsf Joj;flos ;+rfnsn] ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/ :jfldTj u|x0f u/]sf] x'g'xF'b}g .
-7_ ;+:yfsf]] ;+rfns ;ldlt afx]ssf cGo s'g} klg cfGtl/s ;ldlt jf pk–;ldltdf ;+rfns
;ldltsf cWoIf ;dfj]z x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-8_ k|rlnt sfg'gn] tf]s]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s ;+:yfsf u}/ sfo{sf/L ;+rfns tyf cGo ;+rfnsx?n] ;f]
;+:yfsf] 5fk / sfof{nosf] gfd -nf]uf]_ k|of]u u/L kqfrf/ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .

104
 -9_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ;~rfns afx]ssf
;b:ox?nfO{ cfdGq0f u/L ;~rfns ;/x a}7s eQf tyf cGo ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/ a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfjZostf dxz'; u/]df vf;vf; ljifodf 7f]; /fo÷
k/fdz{sf nflu ljQLo :jfy{ gePsf] lj1 JolQmnfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf cfdGq0f u/L cfjZos
/fo÷k/fdz{ k|fKt u/L ;f] jfkt kfl/>lds k|bfg ug{ eg] of] Joj:yfn] jfwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-k|i6Ls/0f M o; k|of]hgsf nflu ;+rfns afx]s cGo kbflwsf/Ln] ;+rfns ;+of]hs jf ;b:o /xg] ;ldlt
÷pk;ldltdf a}7s eQf lng kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, ;+rfns afx]ssf cGo ;b:o nufot ;lrjfno ;DaGwL
sfdsf] nflu 5'6\6} kfl/>lds lbg ;lsg] 5 ._
-0f_ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgjf{lrt÷dgf]gog ePsf] k|To]s ;+rfnsn] cfkm" lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt ePsf]
ldltn] a9Ldf k}+tL; lbgleq kb tyf uf]klgotfsf] zky lnO ;Sg' kg]{5 . cGoyf, pQm ;+rfnssf]
lgjf{rg÷ dgf]gog :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .
#= sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+Rffns ;ldltn] k|rlnt sfg'g tyf ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf]
cwLgdf /xL sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm x'g] JolQmdf k|rlnt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL sfg'gdf
plNnlvt of]Uotf tyf cg'ejsf cltl/Qm b]xfosf yk of]Uotf, cg'ej tyf u'0fx? plNnlvt x'g'
kg]{5 .
-s_ a}+lsË sf/f]af/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Joj;flos cg'ej,
-v_ ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f / k|rlnt sfg'gsf] kl/kfngf ug]{ u/fpg]
;Ifdtf,
-u_ a}+lsË jf ljQLo Joj;fosf] pRr txdf sfo{ u/]sf],
-3_ 6f6 kN6]sf] jf a]OdfgL jf hfn;fhLsf] cf/f]kdf ;hfo gkfPsf],
-ª_ cfkm\gf] k"j{ sf/f]af/df o; a}+saf6 lgnDag gul/Psf] jf o; a}+saf6 ePsf] cg';Gwfgdf
z+sf:kb sf/f]af/df ;+nUg egL ls6fg gul/Psf] jf To:tf] lgnDjgjf6 km's'jf ePsf] kfFr
jif{ k'u]sf] jf To:Tff] z+sf:kb sf/f]jf/sf] ;+nUgtfaf6 ;kmfO kfPsf], /
-r_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] jf To:tf] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ltg jif{ k'u]sf] .
-#_ ;+:yfn] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm ubf{ / ;~rfns ;ldltdf x]/k]m/ x'Fbf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ t'?Gt hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v ;ft lbgeGbf a9L ;do ljbfdf a;]df, b]z aflx/ uPdf jf cfkm\gf] cf]xf]bfsf] sfo{
ug{ g;Sg] ePdf lghsf] :yfgdf sfd ug]{ JolQmsf] gfd o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ k"j{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{;~rfng, sf/f]af/, Jofj;flos of]hgf tyf d'gfkmfl:ylt ;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut u/L sfo{sf/L
k|d'v, cGo kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx?sf] tnj tyf ;'ljwf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfaf6 sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] tnj, eQf, af]g; tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;DaGwL laj/0f / ;f]
;DjGwdf ePsf] s'g} klg kl/jt{gsf] laj/0f o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ Pp6f Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kbflwsf/Lsf] ?kdf
/xL sfo{ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-&_ ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ z]o/wgL ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns
tyf sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] kbdf afx]s cGo s'g} txsf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
$= sd{rf/Lx?n] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-!_ sd{rf/Lx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf Go"gtd :jLsf/of]Uo cfr/0fsf] :t/ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?n] o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf kfngf
ug]{ arga4tf ;lxt x:tfIf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ cfˆgf] dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ cfr/0fsf] ljifodf lgb]{zg lbg] / hfgsf/L lng] pQ/bfloTj
ljefuLo k|d'vx?sf] x'g]5 . sd{rf/Ln] cg'zf;g jf lgod pNn+3g u/]df To;sf] k|ltj]bg
;DalGwt ljefuLo k|d'vn] sd{rf/L k|zf;g ljefunfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 / k|zf;g

105
 ljefun] pQm k|ltj]bgsf] clen]v ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf o; a}+ssf] ;'kl/j]If0f 6f]nLnfO{ pknAw
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ sd{rf/Lx?n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/tsf b]xfosf ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g M–
-s_ sd{rf/Lx? k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lxt ljkl/t x'g] s'g} klg
lsl;dsf] ultljlwdf ;+nUg x'g' x'Fb}g .
-v_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L cfˆgf] ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] u|fxs;Fusf] sf/f]af/df k|ToIf
jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg x'g' x'Fb}g .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lsf] cfˆgf u|fxs;Fu z]o/ :jfldTj, ;fe]mbf/, C0f lng] jf
lbg] cflb s'g} lsl;dsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] lghn] cfˆgf lgs6td
;'kl/j]IfsnfO{ tTsfn} To; s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
t/, lgs6td ;'kl/j]Ifsn] lghsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ufFl;Psf] 5 egL k|dfl0ft gu/];Dd ;fj{hlgs
?kdf lgisfzg ul/Psf z]o/÷C0fkqx?sf] sf/f]af/sf] xsdf o; lsl;dsf] k|ltjGw nfu" x'g]
5}g .
-3_ cfk"m sfo{/t /x]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cltl/Qm cGo s'g} klg :yfgdf k"0f{sfnLg
?kdf Joj;fo ;+rfng ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{
sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ;++:yf afx]s cGo s'g} klg ;+:yfdf cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{' jf cGo Joj;flos ultljlwdf
;+nUg x'g'eGbf klxn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgaf6 lnlvt :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf]
lxtdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ ePdf dfq lghnfO{ cf+lzs ?kdf sfd ug{ lnlvt :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ sd{rf/L ;+rfns x'g kfpg] jf gkfpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf To:tf] ;+:yfsf] clwsf+z :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf
sd{rf/L s'g} klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns÷;Nnfxsf/ x'g kfpg] 5}g .
t/, b]xfo adf]lhd x'g o; lgb]{zgn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g M–
-s_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :yfkgf u/]sf] ;xfos sDkgLx?sf]
;~rfns x'g,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nufgL ePsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] csf]{ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
nufgL u/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ;~rfns dgf]gog ug'{ kbf{ g]kfn
;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ cfˆgf] s'g} ;+rfns To:tf] csf]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfnsdf
dgf]gog x'g, jf
-u_ gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo gePsf ;fdflhs ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;+:yfx? h:t}M wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts,
z}lIfs, k/f]ksf/L h:tf ;+:yfx?sf] lgodsf] kl/lwleq /xL ;~rfns x'g .
-%_ ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otdf /xg gx'g]
sd{rf/Lx?n] u|fxssf] hdLg tyf hfoh]yf ;DaGwL sf/f]af/df k|zf;s jf ;+/Ifssf] x}l;otn] ;+nUg x'g'
x'Fb}g . t/ sy+sbflrt o:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g' k/]df sfo{sf/L k|d'vaf6 To;sf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 .
-^_ kbsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g]
sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf] kb / gfd b'?kof]u u/L s'g} klg lsl;dsf] JolQmut kmfObf x'g] lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg
x'gkfOg] 5}g . sd{rf/L jf lghsf gft]bf/n] ;d]t lghx? axfn /x]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu
sf/f]af/ ubf{ kfl/jfl/s ;DaGwsf] k|efj kfg{ kfOg] 5}g . ;fy}, ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b ljqmL ubf{, z]o/
nufot cGo k||Tofe"lt sf/f]jf/df k|fyldstf kfpg jf lbgsf nflu kbsf] pkof]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
o;}u/L ;'g, rfFbL, ljb]zL ljlgdo / ljb]zL ;'/If0fkqx?sf] ;§fk§f ubf{ kbLo k|efj kfg{ kfOg] 5|}g .
-&_ ;"rgfsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g]
sd{rf/Ln] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf k|fKt s'g} klg ;"rgfsf] b'?kof]u ug{
tyf s'g} klg ;"rLs[t ePsf] sDkgL jf ;"rLs[t x'g afFsL /x]sf] sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq Joj;foLsf]
?kdf sf/f]af/df ;+nUg x'g kfOg] 5}g . lghx?n]] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf afx]s cfk"m dftxtsf
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;d]t uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ ;"rgf tyf clen]vsf] hfgsf/L lbg' x'Fb}g .

106
 -*_ clen]v / sf/f]af/sf] k|ltj]bg /fVg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf ;DaGwL clen]v / k|ltj]bg k"0f{ Pj+ b'?:t x'g'kg]{ 5 . sd{rf/Ln]
cgflws[t ?kdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] n]vf clen]v / sfuhftdf JolQmut ?kdf yk36 ug{
kfOg] 5}g . o:tf] u/]df gLh sd{rf/L k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;hfosf] efuLbf/ x'g]5 .
-(_ uf]klgotf sfod /fVg' kg]{
-s_ sd{rf/Ln] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd u|fxssf] ;"rgf / u|fxs;+u ePsf] sf/f]af/sf] uf]kgLotf
sfod /fVg' kg]{5 . lgh ;]jfaf6 lgj[Q eO;s]kl5 klg To:tf] sf/f]jf/sf] uf]klgotf -
k|ltlnlk clwsf/, cGo kqfrf/, n]vf / u|fxs;Fu ePsf] cGo sf/f]af/sf] laj/0f_ cfˆgf] jf
c? s;}sf] ljQLo :jfy{sf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-v_ s'g} u|fxssf] Joj;flos jf ljQLo ;"rgf u|fxssf] lnlvt :jLs[lt lnP/ cGo JolQm jf
;+:yfnfO{ lbg ;lsg] 5 .
t/, k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL laj/0fx? t];|f] kIfnfO{ pknAw
u/fpFbf uf]kgLotf eË ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-!)_ lgikIf / ;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{
sd{rf/Lx?n] u|fxs;Fusf] ldqtf / ;DaGwaf6 k|efljt geO{ lgikIf Pj+ ;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df
Jofj;flos sf/f]af/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!!_ lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dfly n]lvP adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/Ln] cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf :jLsf/ u/]sf] tyf
cfjZos b]v]df cfˆgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ k|0ffnLsf] nflu yk cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf tof/ u/L ;f] :jLsf/
u/]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefunfO{
lnlvt ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-!@_ cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf kfngf eP÷gePsf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
sd{rf/Ln] o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf cfr/0fx? clgjfo{ ?kdf kfngf u/] gu/]sf] laj/0f cfly{s jif{
;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . s'g} sd{rf/Ln] pQm cfr/0fx?sf] kfngf gu/]df ;f]
;DjGwL laj/0f / gLhdfly ul/Psf] sf/jfxL af/]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf pk/f]Qm ljefudf t'?Gt
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-!#_ sd{rf/LnfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnLdf plNnlvt
;fk6L÷;'ljwfsf cltl/Qm cfˆg} jf cGo s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /flvPsf] d'2lt /l;b, ;'grfFbL tyf
g]kfn ;/sf/÷g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkq÷artkqsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;~rfns ;ldltn] u}/ sfo{sf/L ;~rfnssf] dftxtdf Pp6f n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]
;ldltn] ;+:yfsf] cfly{s cj:yfsf] ;dLIff, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f, n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL sfo{qmd /
n]vfk/LIf0fsf] kl/0ffd ;DaGwdf lj:t[t 5nkmn u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgnfO{ cfjZos
lgb]{zg lbg]5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf cfGtl/s / jfx\o n]vfk/LIfsx?n] ;f] ;ldltdf l;w} kx'Fr /fVg
;Sg]5g\ . lghx?n] k]z ug]{ k|ltj]bg / o; ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg pk/ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns
;ldltn] lj:t[t 5nkmn ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf u7g x'g] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltdf sfo{sf/L
k|d'vnfO{ ;b:osf] ?kdf /fVg kfOg] 5}g t/ cfjZostf k/]sf] cj:yfdf cfdlGqt ;b:osf] ?kdf af]nfpg
jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
;ldltsf] k|d'v pQ/bfloTj
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;du| ljQLo cj:yfsf] ;dLIff, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f,
n]vfk/LIf0f of]hgf / cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf cf}+NofOPsf ljifox?df ;dLIff u/L ;f] ;DaGwdf
ckgfpg' kg]{ sbdaf/] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ ;'emfj lbg] .
-v_ afx\o n]vfk/LIfsn] k]z u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf cf}+NofOPsf a'Fbfx?pk/ ;dLIff u/L
;'wf/fTds sbd rfNg] .
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgnfO{ ;xL / oyfy{ agfpg ;3fpg] .

107
 -3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] x/–lx;fj ;xL / oyfy{ ePsf] ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ ljZj:t
t'Nofpg'sf] ;fy} ;Defljt bfloTj / shf{ juL{s/0f u/L /fVg' kg]{ Joj:yf ;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kdf
;dLIff ug]{ .
-ª_ o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgodg Joj:yfx? Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] kfngf u/]÷gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf
;d]t ;ldltn] ;dLIff ug'{sf ;fy} ;f] ;DjGwL Aoxf]/f cfkm\gf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ .
-r_ ;ldltn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxLdf lgoldttf, ldtJolotf, cf}lrTotf, k|efjsfl/tf
h:tf s'/fx? cjnDjg eP÷gePsf] jf/] ;dLIff u/L ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfjZos ;'emfj lbg' kg]{ .
^= cfˆgf ;~rfns, z]o/wgL, sd{rf/L Pj+ lgh;Fu ;DalGwt kmd{nfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{ aGb]h ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsnfO{ shf{ ;fk6L÷u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
k|bfg ug{ aGb]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
-!_ ;~rfns / lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{,
-@_ ;~rfns jf lghsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:o Joj:yfks, ;fe]mbf/, Ph]G6 jf hdfgtstf{
ePsf] jf lghsf] k|ToIf ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{,
-#_ ;~rfns jf lghsf Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:on] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] kmd{,
sDkgLnfO{ / ;+:yfnfO{,
-$_ ;~rfns jf lghsf Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:o hdfgt a;]sf] JolQm, kmd{ sDkgLnfO{ jf
;+:yfnfO{ .
-v_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks, z]o/wgL tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ shf{ tyf u}/sf]ifdf
cfwfl/t ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ aGb]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
-!_ ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf z]o/wgL jf ljqmL ePsf] s'n z]o/sf] Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L
z]o/ lnPsf z]o/wgL tyf lghsf kl/jf/sf ;b:o / sd{rf/LnfO{,
l6Kk0fLM -c_ ;+:yfks, Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yf,
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, axfnjfnf n]vfk/LIfs tyf clws[t:t/sf sd{rf/L jf To:tf
JolQmsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf ;+rfns dgf]lgt jf lgo'lQm ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-cf_ s'n hf/L k'+hLsf] Ps k|ltzt eGbf a9L z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf
JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yf, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf
z]o/wgLnfO{ o; a}+saf6 o; ;DjGwL lgb]{zg hf/L x'g' cufj} shf{ tyf u}/
sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf k|bfg eO{/x]sf] 5 eg] To:tf shf{ tyf ;'ljwf ;fljss}
e'QmfgL tflnsf cg';f/ jf @)^& cfiff9dWo] h'g ldlt cufl8 k5{ ;f]xL ldltleq
clgjfo{ ?kn] km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-O_ ljutdf s'n hf/L k'+hLsf] Ps k|ltzt eGbf sd z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfsf ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf z]o/wgLnfO{ k|bfg ePsf] shf{ tyf u}/
sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwfsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f jfli{fs ljQLo ljj/0fdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ laqmL ePsf] z]o/sf] Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] z]o/wgL / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf
sd{rf/L ;fem]bf/ ePsf] jf hdfgt a;]sf] jf cGo lsl;dsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] JolQm,
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{,
-#_ o; a}+sn] lgb]{zg lbPsf]df afx]s Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf z]o/wgL / sd{rf/Ln] kGw|
k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnO{ dtflwsf/ lnPsf] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{,
-u_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks, ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v / lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] lwtf]df ;f]xL ;+:yfaf6 lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfˆg} d'2lt lgIf]k /l;b / ;'g rfFbLsf] lwtf]df shf{ k|bfg ug{, zt
k|ltzt gub dflh{gdf hdfgt hf/L ug{ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqsf] lwtf]df
shf{ k|bfg ug{ o; v08df ePsf] s'g} klg Joj:yfn] afwf k'¥ofpg] 5}g .
-3_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L
ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ ;'ljwfo'Qm ;fk6L k|bfg ug{ of] lgb]{zgn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

108
 pk/f]Qm Joj:yfsf cltl/Qm ;/sf/sf] 3f]lift p2]Zo k"/f ug{ :yfkgf ePsf ljsf;d"ns ;+:yf jf
sDkgLnfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{ o; a}+sn] 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .
-ª_ o; a}+saf6 yf]s shf{ sf/f]af/ dfq ug]{ Ohfhtkq kfPsf æ3Æ ju{sf] n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+ssf] ;+:yfut
;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?nfO{ ;f]xL ;+:yfaf6 shf{ k|jfx ug{ 5'6 k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] C0fL ;+:yfaf6
yf]s shf{ sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj ePsf] cj:yfdf ;d]t shf{ k|jfx ug{
jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
&= cfrf/;+lxtf tyf ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;d]t ;'zf;g sfod ug]{ sfo{df e"ldsf /x]sf] x'Fbf
;'zf;g P]gsf] efjgf cg';f/ cf–cfkm\gf] ;+:yfdf cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= cf–cfˆgf] ;+:yfdf ;'zf;g OsfO u7g u/L ;'zf;gsf] l:yltaf/] dfl;s ?kdf cg'udg ub}{ hfg'
kg]{5 .
#= o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf p7fOPsf laifox?nfO{ tbf?stfsf ;fy sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v, n]vfk/LIfs, sDkgL ;lrj jf a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf ;DaGwL sfo{df k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg JolQm jf lghx?sf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? jf
lghx?sf] :jfldTj÷lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] ;+3÷;+:yfn] lghx? To:tf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] jf kbaf6 cjsfz
ePsf] Ps jif{;Dd b]xfosf sfo{x? ug{÷u/fpg k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 5 .
!= ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq vl/b jf ljqmL ug{÷u/fpg .
@= ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq lwtf] aGws /fVg, /fVg
nufpg jf bfg as; lng lbg .
#= ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq;+u ;DalGwt cGo s'g}
lsl;dsf] n]gb]g ug{÷u/fpg .
o;/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf jf ;f] sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] lwtf]kq lwtf] aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug]{ a}+s jf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] lwtf]kq /f]Ssfsf] nflu ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf n]vL k7fpFbf dfly pNn]lvt kbdf
/x]÷g/x]sf] / g/x]sf] eP 5f]8]sf] Ps jif{ k"/f eP÷gePsf] hfgsf/L ;d]t dfu ug'{ kg]{ . pk/f]Qm
adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L dfu eO{ cfPdf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf tyf JolQm :jo+n] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{ .
;fy}, of] kl/kq hf/L x'g'k"j{ o;/L lwtf]kq lwtf] /fvL sf/f]jf/ ul/Psf] ePdf @)^^ cfiff9 d;fGt jf
e'QmfgL cjlwdWo] h'g cufl8 x'G5, ;f] ;do;Dddf cfjZos k|lqmof k"/f u/L To:tf] lwtf]kq k'ms'jf
ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . cGoyf,
-s_ ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt JolQm÷;+:yfnfO{ a9Ldf k}tL; lbg leqdf pQm shf{
r'Qmf ug{ ;"rgf hf/L ug'{ kg]{ .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd ;"rgf hf/L u/]kl5 ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlwleq
;DalGwt JolQm÷;+:yfaf6 pQm shf{ /sd r'Qmf u/fO{ ;Sg'kg]{ .
-u_ v08 -v_ cg'?k gePdf To;kl5sf] ;ft lbg leqdf To;/L ;'/If0f /flvPsf] lwtf]kq lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t ljqmL u/L shf{ c;'nk/ u/L ;Sg' kg]{ .
-3_ v08 -u_ cg'?k shf{ c;'npk/ gePdf To:tf] shf{sf] nflu !)) k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
sfod ug'{ kg]{ .
t/, k|rlnt sfg'g cg';f/ c+za08f eO{ 5'§LO{ leGg a;]sf] lnvt k|df0f k]z ePsf] cj:yfdf
lwtf]kq vl/b jf ljqmL ug{÷u/fpg, lwtf] aGws /fVg, /fVg nufpg jf bfg as; lng÷lbg /
cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] n]gb]g ug{÷u/fpg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
(= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsx?n] cfkm\gf] af/]df o;};fy ;+nUg :j3f]if0ff -Self-Declaration_
u/]÷u/fPsf] ljj/0f -cg';"rL !_ ;lxtsf] hfgsf/L tyf ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf ;+rfnsx?sf] ;DaGwdf
tof/ u/]sf] btf{÷nut lstfjsf] 9fFrf -cg';"rL @_ ;lxtsf] ljj/0f o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffx?n] cfkm\gf] lgodfjnLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;+rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf, ;+rfns, j}slNks
;+rfns a}7sdf pkl:yt eP afkt kfpg] a}7s eQf, ;+rfns sfo{sf/L eO{ sfo{ u/]df kfl/>lds ;d]t /
6]lnkmf]g, df]jfOn tyf kqklqsf vr{ Pj+ ;+:yfsf] sfddf :jb]z / ljb]zdf e|d0f ubf{ nfUg] vr{ h:tf
cGo ;'ljwf afx]s u}/sfo{sf/L cWoIf tyf cGo ;+rfnsx?n] JolQmut kmfObf x'g] cfly{s / u}/ cfly{s s'g}
klg k|s[ltsf ;'ljwf lng kfOg] 5}g . o;/L cfly{s / u}/ cfly{s ;'ljwf lnPsf] v08df a}+s tyf ljQLo

109
 ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] Joj:yf pNn+3g u/]sf] dflgg]5 . o;/L lnPsf]
cfly{s tyf u}/ cfly{s ;'ljwf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @! sf] pkbkmf -@_
adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dfgL c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .
!!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ug]{ qmddf /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf k|:tfljt ;+rfns÷jf k|jGw ;+rfnsx?n] ljQLo
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt gu/];Dd s'g} klg k|sf/sf] kfl/>lds, eQf tyf cGo cfly{s ;'ljwfx? lng
kfOg] 5}g . k|:tfljt ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?n] k|:tfljt ;+rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/] adf]lhdsf]
kfl/>lds lng eg] afwfkg]{ 5}g . ljQLo sf/f]af/sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/L ;s]sf t/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf
;fj{hlgs z]o/ lgisfzg gu/]sf ;+:yfsf ;+rfns, k|jGw ;+rfns tyf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t nufotsf
clwsf/Lx?n] k|fKt ug]{ kfl/>lds, eQf tyf cGo cfly{s ;'ljwfx? pQm ;+:yfsf] ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/wgLsf]
k|ltlglwTj ePsf] k|yd ;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGg geP;Dd a[l4 ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
!@= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf u}/ sfo{sf/L cWoIf tyf ;+rfnsx?n] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] cg'kl:yltdf
k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] x}l;otn] b}lgs sfo{;+rfng ug{ kfOg] 5}g . ;fy}, u}/ sfo{sf/L cWoIf tyf
;+rfnsx?n] cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf] n]6/Kof8 tyf 5fk k|of]u u/L s'g} klg kqfrf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
!#= o; a}+sn] k|sflzt ug]{ u/]sf] Joj;flos ljz]if1 tyf n]vfk/LIfssf] ;"rLdf /x]sf JolQm tyf lgh ;xefuL
x'g] jf ePsf] ;fem]bf/L kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+:yfx? ;d]tnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ clVtof/ k|fKt lgsfon] d'2f bfo/
u/]df :jtM o; a}+sn] k|sflzt ug]{ ;"rLaf6 x6fOg] 5 . ;kmfO{ kfPsf] v08df cflwsfl/s kq k|fKt eP kl5
:jtM ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5 . t/, d'2f bfo/ x'g'eGbf cufl8 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6
n]vfk/LIfs lgo'lQm ePsf] xsdf eg] sfd ;DkGg ug{ o; Joj:yfn] s'g} jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
!$= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks÷;~rfns÷sd{rf/L tyf gLhx?sf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf]
;b:osf] r]s vl/b ug{ kfOg] 5}g . cGo u|fxsx?sf] r]s vl/b u/]df vl/b u/]sf] lbg ;d]t a9Ldf tLg
sfo{lbgleq clgjfo{?kdf r]s sn]S;g jf ;dfzf]wgdf k7fpg' kg]{5 cGoyf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%*
tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
!%= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ;+:yfut ;'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= ^÷)^^ adf]lhdsf]
lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{
kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

110
 cg';"rL – !
>L ;~rfns ;ldlt, ldlt M @)^=====÷====÷======
===================a}s÷ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8,
=====================================.
laifo M hfgsf/L u/fPsf] af/] .

pk/f]Qm ;DaGwdf d ========================================================n] o; a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnssf] kbdf ldlt

@)^===÷====÷=====af6 jxfn u/]sf]n] a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @@ jdf]lhd b]xfosf ljifox?sf] af/]df
hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5' .
-!_ o; a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf;+u d jf d]/f] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:on] s'g} lsl;dsf] s/f/ u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] 5}g .
-@_ a}s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v, k|jGw ;+rfns jf sDkgL ;lrj, n]vfk/LIfs tyf dxfk|aGwssf] lgo'lQmsf]
;DaGwdf d]/f] s'g} k|sf/sf] :jfy{ jf ;/f]sf/ 5}g .
-#_ d / d]/f] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:on] o; a+}s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ ;+Vof===================lnPsf]] 5'÷5f}+, ;f] afx]s a}+ssf]
cGo z]o/ jf l8aGr/ lnPsf] 5}g .
-$_ d o; afx]s g]kfn /fi6« a}saf6 :jLs[t k|fKt s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns 5}g÷5' .
-/x]sf] eP v'nfpg] =========================================================================_
-%_ d]/f] kl/jf/sf] s'g} klg ;b:on] o; a}s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] kbflwsf/L÷sd{rf/Lsf] x}l;otn] sfd u/]sf 5g\÷5}gg\ .
-/x]sf] eP v'nfpg] =========================================================================_
-^_ a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !*-ª_ adf]lhd d o; afx]s cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k
;DaGwL Aoj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yfsf] -k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd jrt tyf C0fsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf
;d]tsf]_ ;+rfns, sd{rf/L jf axfnjfnf n]vfk/LIfs jf ;Nnfxfsf/sf] kbdf /x]sf] 5}g . ;fy}, o; ;+:yfsf]
;+rfns /x];Dd d cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] jrt tyf C0f ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns x'g] 5}g .
-&_ dfly 3f]if0ff ul/Psf÷k]z ul/Psf laj/0fx? l7s ;f+rf] xf], em'¶f 7xl/Pdf sfg'g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .

==================================
-;~rfns_
==============a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8

-b|i6Ao MMM of] laj/0f a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfnssf] kbdf lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq / kl/jt{g
ePdf kl/jt{g ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
;+rfnsaf6 of] laj/0f k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq o; a}s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . _

cg';"rL – @
==================a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8
;+rfnsx?sf] btf{÷nut lstfj
s|=;+= ;+rfnssf] gfd, y/ k]zf, Joj;fo ;+rfns lgo'Qm ePsf] ldlt ;+rfnsaf6 x6]sf] ldlt

111
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= &÷)^&

laifoM ;'kl/j]IfsLo lgb]{zg nfu" ug]{ sfo{tflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+sn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf lbOPsf] lgb]{zgx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd
nfu" ug{÷u/fpg g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L
ul/Psf] 5 .
!= lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg pk/sf] k|lts[of
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg pk/sf] k|lts[of :ynut lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf tL; lbgleq
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] pQm k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt s}lkmotx?sf] ;'wf/ tyf lbPsf
lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf u/L ;f] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf p7fOPsf a'Fbfx?sf] ;'wf/sf] l:ylt ;lxtsf] k|ltlqmof o;
a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cfjZos ;'wf/ u/L k|ltlqmof
k7fpg g;Sg] cj:Yff ePdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|fKt ePsf] cjlwleq pQm
k|ltj]bg o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= shf{ gf]S;fgL] Joj:yf
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug]{ lgb]{zg k|fKt ePdf rfn' q}dfl;s lx;fjdf yk
shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+sdf lbg' kg]{5 .
#= Loan Portfolio ;'wf/ of]hgf
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf] tL; lbgleq ;+:yfn] tLg dlxgfn] efsf gf3]sf æsÆ ju{sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf dflysf / cGo ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
xsdf krf; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] eGbf dflysf ;a} shf{x?sf] l:ylt ;'wfg]{ of]hgf agfO{ o; a}+ssf ;DalGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq o; a}+saf6 lg/LIf0f eO{ yk lgb]{zg k|fKt ePdf juL{s[t
shf{x?sf] /sd / juL{s/0fdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g ;dfj]z ePsf] ;+zf]lwt of]hgf lt; lbgleq o; a}+ssf]
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= k'FhLsf]ifsf] kof{Kttf
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf] a9Ldf k}+lt; lbgleq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kof{Kt k'FhLsf]if
sfod /fVgsf] nflu cGo s'/fx?sf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf ljifox? ;d]t ;dfj]z ePsf] lnlvt k'FhL of]hgf o;
a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ kof{Kt k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{sf nflu xfn / eljiodf cfjZos kg]{ k'FhLsf] laj/0f,
-v_ juL{s[t tyf k'gMjuL{s[t ;DklQsf] laj/0f,
-u_ ;l~rt gfkmfsf] cg'dflgt /sd
-3_ o; ;DaGwL lgb]{zgdf Joj:yf eP cg';f/ eljiodf cfjZos kg]{ k'FhL k"/f ug{ Joj:yf ul/Psf]
cltl/Qm ;|f]t / ;do tflnsf .
%= ;DklQ÷bfloTj Joj:yfkg
lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dfk{mt lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf] lt; lbgleq Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kof{Kt t/ntf sfod /fVg
cfkm\gf] ;DklQ÷bfloTj Joj:yfkg gLlt tyf sfo{ljlwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+zf]wg u/L b]xfosf ljifox?
o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm ;+zf]wgdf cGo ljifox?sf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf
s'/fx?df Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ C0f lnOPsf] /sd (Borrowed Funds) sf] nfut tyf pkof]u,
-v_ e}kl/ cfpg] cfjZostf k"/f ug{ rflxg] t/n ;DklQsf] kl/df0f,

112
 -u_ lgIf]ksf] ;Defljt ptf/–r9fjsf] nflu kof{Kt t/ntfsf] Joj:yf ug{ cNksfnLg ljQLo ;|f]tsf]
Joj:yf,
-3_ shf{sf] kl/df0f / jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/x?df nufgL ug{ cfjZos /sd / nufgLsf] ;|f]t
aLrsf] tfnd]n
-ª_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]] Joj:yfkgaf6 ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf lgoldt ?kdf ;DklQ÷bfloTj
;DaGwL k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ Joj:yf .
^= cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f tyf lgoGq0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?n] ljBdfg gLlt, lgod tyf sfg'gL k|fjwfgsf] bfo/fleq sfo{ ;Dkfbg
u/L cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLdf k|efjsf/Ltf Nofpg ;lsg] u/L sfo{ljlwsf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm
sfo{ljlw cGtu{t slDtdf b]xfosf ljifox? ;dfj]z ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;+:yfsf]] oyfy{ cj:yfsf] lrq0f ug]{ tyf ;DklQ ;'/lIft x'g] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]]
Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] ;dLIff ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw .
-v_ tYofÍsf] ljZj;lgotf hfFr ug]{ sfo{ljlw .
-u_ shf{ k|jfx, sf]if ;+rfng (Treasury Operation), ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg, t/ntf Joj:yfkg,
k'FhLsf]ifsf] kof{Kttf, sd{rf/L, Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf ;fy} a}+lsË lgod sfg'gx?sf] kfngf
;DaGwL Jojxf/ hfFra'em ug]{ sfo{ljlw .
-3_ ;DklQsf] u'0f:t/ ;dLIff sfo{ljlw .
-ª_ ljQLo hf]lvd Joj:yfkg -t/ntf, ;DklQ÷bfloTj, ljb]zL d'b|f Joj:yfkg_ sf] ;dLIff ;DaGwL
sfo{ljlw
&= of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{ljlwx?sf] sfof{Gjog
a'Fbf g+= # b]lv ^ ;Dd pNn]v eP adf]lhd lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgn] dfu u/]sf] of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{ljlwx?
;dLIffsf] nflu o; a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= k|ult laj/0fsf] cg'udg
o; a}+saf6 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]jf/ / k|ult ljj/0f ;DjGwdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf cg'udg ul/g] 5 .
o; a}+sn]] ;DjlGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k|To]s b'O{ dlxgfdf lqmofsnfk, of]hgf, gLlt tyf o; a}+sn]
lbPsf] lgb]{zg sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg u/L lbPsf] ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy} o; a}+sn]
lgb]{zg lbPsf] cj:Yffdf q}dfl;s k|ult ljj/0f / lgb]{zgsf] sfof{Gjog l:yltsf] k|ltj]bg ;d]t tf]lsPsf]
cjlwleq pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
(= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf lbOPsf
lgb]{zgx? nfu" ug]{ sfo{ tflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= &÷)^^ adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f]
kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

113
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= *÷)^&

laifo: nufgL ;DjGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljQLo ;|f]tsf] nufgLsf ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= nufgL gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw :jLs[t u/fP/ dfq nfu" ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkq tyf ;+ul7t ;+:Yffx?sf] z]o/ tyf
l8a]~r/df nufgL ug]{ gLlt tyf sfo{ljlw ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fP/ dfq nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq / g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqdf nufgL ;DjGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq / g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqdf nufgL ug{ s'g} aGb]h nufOPsf]
5}g .
#= ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df tyf cGo nufgL ;DjGwL Joj:yf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;j{;fwf/0fdf z]o/ ljqmL u/L g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t
eO;s]sf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df dfq nufgL ug{' kg]{5 .
t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t eO{g;s]sf] s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/
tyf l8a]~r/df nufgL] u/]df nufgL u/]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq pQm z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;"rLs[t
gePsf] v08df nufgL eP a/fa/sf] /sd nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if v8f u/L ;f] sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{
kg]{5 . To:tf] sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd pQm z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ ;"rLs[t geP;Dd cGo pkof]u ug{ kfOg]
5}g .
gofF v'n]sf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf u/]sf]] nufgLsf] xsdf To:tf] sDkgL ;+rfngdf cfPsf] ldltn] @
jif{leq jf nufgL u/]sf] @ jif{ leqdf pQm z]o/ ;"rLs[t gePsf] v08df nufgL eP a/fa/sf]
;Dk"0f{ /sd nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ævÆ ju{sf] Ohfhhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf $& sf]
pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -z_ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;f]xL P]gsf] ;f]xL bkmfsf] pkbkmf
-#_ sf] v08 -k_ adf]lhd hUuf ljsf;, cfjf;Lo k|of]hgsf] nflu hUuf vl/b tyf 3/ lgdf{0f h:tf
kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug]{ / To:tf 3/hUufsf] laqmL ljt/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ u/fpg] ;DaGwL sfo{
ubf{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] l7s cl3Nnf] dlxgf sfod k|fylds k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzt eGbf
a9L nufgL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf; (Housing and Land Development)
kl/of]hgfdf nufgL ubf{ l7s cl3Nnf] dlxgf sfod k|fylds k'FhLsf]] bz k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L
nufgL ug{ kfpg] 5 . t/ ;f] ;LdfeGbf a9L nufgL u/]sf] kfOPdf a9L nufgL ePsf] /sd j/fj/
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k"‘hLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ul/g] 5 . o:tf] nufgL ubf{ klAns ln=
sDkgLsf] ?kdf ;+:yfkgf ePsf cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f tyf hUuf ljsf; sDkgLdf dfq ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} Ps ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df nufgL ubf{ l7s cl3Nnf]
qodf;df sfod k|fylds k'FhLsf]] bz k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L / ;j} ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ tyf
l8a]~r/df a9Ldf cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf]] lt; k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . To;}u/L
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df nufgL ubf{ nufgL x'g] ;+:yfsf]
r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !) k|ltzt;Dd tyf æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfdf u/]sf] nufgLsf] xsdf pQm ;+:yfsf]
r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 . nufgL ubf{sf] cj:yfdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf
a9L nufgL u/]sf] kfOPdf o;/L a9L nufgL ePsf] /sd j/fj/ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds
k'FhLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ul/g]5 .

114
 t/, ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] s+kgLsf] xsdf cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] lj; k|ltzt;Dd nufgL ug{
;Sg]5 . ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df u/]sf] s'n nufgL /sdnfO{
k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{]5 .
-%_ d'Vo sDkgLsf] ;+rfns ;ldlt jf ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf÷;b:o ;xfos sDkgLsf] ;+rfns ;ldlt
jf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf÷;b:osf] ?kdf /xg kfpg] 5}gg\ . of] lgb]{zg hf/L -ldltM @)^&.@.!)_
x'g'k"j{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;xfos sDkgLsf] klg ;+rfns /x]sfsf] xsdf d'Vo sDkgLsf]
cf;Gg klxnf] ;fwf/0f;ef jf of] kl/kq hf/L ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leqdWo] h'g klxn] x'G5, ;f]
cjlwleqdf xl6;Sg' kg]{5 .
$= z]o/ tyf l8j]~r/ k|Tofe"lt ;DjGwL Joj:yf
-!_ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf l8j]Gr/ k|Tofe"lt ug{ s'g} ;Ldf
nufO{Psf] 5}g . ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf b]xfo jdf]lhd ;Ldf;Dd dfq
k|Tofe"lt ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf s'g} Ps ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;j} ;+ul7t ;+:yf
ævÆ ju{ cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] lj; cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] zt
k|ltzt;Dd k|ltzt;Dd
æuÆ ju{ cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] bz cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] krf;
k|ltzt;Dd k|ltzt;Dd
t/, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf
l8a]Gr/ k|Tofe"lt ug]{ ePdf cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf;Dd dfq k|Tofe"lt ug{ ;Sg]
Joj:yf clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd k|Tofe"lt u/]sf] z]o/ ljqmL ljt/0f geO{ cfkm}n] vl/b
ug'{k/]df To;/L vl/b u/]sf] z]o/ æz]o/ k|Tofe"ltÆ u/]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq ljqmL ljt/0f u/L
;Sg' kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ljqmL ljt/0f ug{ g;s]df tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nufgL ePsf]
/sd k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k"‘hLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ul/g] 5 .
%= nufgLsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cw{jflif{s?kdf cfkm\gf] nufgLsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L
k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfsaf6 ljBdfg nufgL gLlt tyf o; lgb]{zg
adf]lhd nufgL ul/Psf] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft u/fO{ cw{jflif{s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf]] Ps dlxgfleq ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkgjf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgjf6 :jLs[t u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk k|To]s
jif{sf] kmfNu'0f !% / efb| !% ut]leq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/sf] d"NofÍg
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/ sf/f]jf/nfO{ lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=!, *=@ / *=# adf]lhd k|To]s
sDkgLsf] cnu\ cnu\ 5'6\ofO{ vl/b d"No jf ahf/ d"No dWo] h'g sd x'G5 To;sf] cfwf/df cw{jflif{s
?kdf d"NofÍg u/L cfkm\gf] ;DklQdf b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
t/, s'g} sDkgLsf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/sf] vl/b d"NoeGbf ahf/ d"No sd eO{ km/s kg{ cfPsf] /sdnfO{
gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fadf vr{ n]vL nufgLdf æ;+efljt xfgL afkt Joj:yfÆ zLif{sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
;fy}, nufgLsf] d"Nof+sg ubf{ O{=k|f= lgb]{zg $÷)^& sf] a'Fbf g+= @ =v=# -nufgL ;DaGwL gLlt_ df ePsf]
Joj:yf adf]lhd g} d"Nof+sg ug]{ / o; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ;+nUg g]=/f=a}+=lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=@ sf] 9fFrfdf tof/
ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= :jk|of]hgsf] nflu :yL/ ;DklQ -3/ hUuf_ sf] vl/b÷nufgLsf] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# cGtu{t ;+:yfkgf ePsf tyf ;~rfngdf cfPsf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf zt{x? k"/f u/]sf] cj:yfdf cfˆgf] k|of]hgsf] nflu :yL/ ;DklQ -3/ hUuf_ sf]
vl/b÷nufgL ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .
-s_ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ubf{sf] ;Dk"0f{ k"j{ ;~rfng vr{ (Pre operating expenses) ckn]vg
eO{;s]sf] .
-v_ k|aGwkq÷lgodfjnLdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf hf/L u/L ;s]kl5sf] klxnf]
;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] .

115
 -u_ ;DklQ vl/b ubf{sf avt ;+:yf ;+rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf] .
-3_ o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt /x]sf] .
;fy}, pNn]lvt cj:yf k"/f gu/L :yL/ ;DklQ vl/b÷nufgL u/]df ;f] a/fa/sf] /sd k|fylds k'FhLsf]if
u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg' kg]{5 .
*= nufgL ;DjGwL yk Joj:yf
-!_ s'g}klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf cGo
;+:yfx?åf/f hf/L u/]sf z]o/ ;'/If0fkq tyf xfOlj|8 k'FhL pks/0fx?df nufgL ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . t/,
æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnP/ nufgL u/]sf] ;+:yfsf] z]o/ nufgLsf]
xsdf of] Joj:Yff nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ nufgL ;DaGwL lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] k|fylds k'FhL eGgfn] ljz]if pNn]v u/]sf]df afx]s l7s
cl3Nnf] qodf;df sfod k|fylds k'FhLnfO{ a'emfpF5 .
(= nufgL ;DjGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nufgL ;DjGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( jf
bkmf !)) df plNnlvt s'g} klg sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!)= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] nufgL ;DjGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= *÷)^^ adf]lhdsf] lgb]{zg tyf
;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

116
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=!
;/sf/L C0fkq / g]kfn /fi6« a}s C0fkqdf ePsf] nufgL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======;fn ============dlxgf
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= ljj/0f /sd -?=_

s'n

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=@

sDkgLsf] z]o/k"‘hLdf ePsf] nufgL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======;fn ============dlxgf
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= sDkgLsf] gfd Z]fo/ ;+Vof k/n d"No ahf/ d"No gfkmf÷-gf]S;fg_ jf sf]if
;dfof]hg /sd

s'n

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

lgb]{zg kmf=g+= *=#

;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] l8j]~r/df ePsf] nufgL ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======;fn ============dlxgf

-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= sDkgLsf] gfd nufgL ldlt /sd ?=

s'n

ldlt clws[t b:tvt

117
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= (÷)^&

laifoM Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ tYofÍ ljj/0f ;DjGwL Joj:yf .

b]zsf] cfly{s, df}lb|s l:ylt Pj+ ljQLo ultljlwsf] d"NofÍg Pj+ ljZn]if0f ug]{ ;fy;fy} Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfsf] u}/ :ynut ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ ;Gbe{df a}+lsË tyf ljQLo tYofÍsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xg] x'Fbf ;dod} To:tf
tYofÍ ljj/0fx? ;xL Pj+ z'4 ?kdf pknAw u/fpg g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/
k|of]u u/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ tYofÍ ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
o;};fy ;+nUg g]=/f=a}+s, lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=! b]lv (=!^ ;Ddsf kmf/fd cg';f/sf] ljj/0fx? b]xfo cg'?k ;DalGwt
ljefudf On]S6«f]lgs dfWod -O{d]n_ dfkm{t ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf zfvfx?sf] ;d]t ;dli6ut -Consolidated) ?kdf tof/ u/L PsLs[t
?kdf lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!, (=@, (=#, (=# -s_, (=$, (=&, (=*, (=( cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? dfl;s ?kdf, (=%,
(=^, (=!), (=!!, (=!@ , (=!% / (=!^ adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx? q}dfl;s ?kdf sf/f]jf/ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn]
kGw| lbgleq / (=!$ q}dfl;s ?kdf sf/f]jf/ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] #%| lbgleq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
(=! sf] tYof+s Od]n dfkm{t cg';Gwfg ljefusf] Od]n 7]ufgf researchreportcb@nrb.org.np, -æsÆ ju{_
researchreportdb@nrb.org.np, -ævÆ ju{_ researchreportfc@nrb.org.np -æuÆ ju{ _ clgjfo{ ?kdf k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
@= æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] cGt/ a}+s sf/f]jf/ -Interbank transaction_ ;DaGwL lgb]{zg
kmf=g+= (=!# adf]lhdsf] k|To]s lbgsf] sf/f]jf/ ljj/0f ef]lnkN6 ljxfg !) ah]leq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefudf cfOk'Ug] u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 . sf/f]af/ gePdf ;f]xL Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] zfvf sfof{nosf] gfd, 7]ufgf ;DaGwL lhNnfut ljj/0f
q}dfl;s ?kdf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] !% lbgeq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefudf k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
$= o; lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0f afx]s o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt zfvf sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fx?
lgoldt ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 . ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfk"mn] k|of]u gug]{ k|s[ltsf sf/f]jf/x? ePdf ;+nUg kmf/ddf
sf/f]jf/ gePsf] egL pNn]v u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
%= æ3Æ ju{sf n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?n] lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!& adf]lhdsf] dfl;s tYof+s / cfkm\gf] sf/f]jf/
k|s[ltsf] cfwf/df sf/f]jf/ ePsf ljj/0fx?dfq ;dfj]z u/L cg';"rLdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf tYofÍx?
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy} lgb]{zg kmf=g+=
(=!& adf]lhdsf] tYofÍ n3' ljQ ljefudf ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 .
^= pk/f]Qm Joj:yf cg'?k Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] pNn]lvt ;dodf tYofÍ gk7fPdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g,
@)%* / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] juL{s/0fsf]
cfwf/df bzxhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv krf;xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf / cGo sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+sdf tYofÍ k7fpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu Pp6f 5'§} kbflwsf/L tf]Sg' kg]{5 . tYofÍ
ljj/0f k7fp+bf tf]lsPsf] kbflwsf/Lx?sf] gfd, kmf]g g+= / Od]n 7]ufgf ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf
ljj/0fx? oyf;dodf k|fKt gePdf ;DjlGwt kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ pQ/bfoL agfO{ o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zg
jdf]lhd sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= pk/f]Qm tYof+sx? o; a}+ssf]] lgDgfg';f/sf] Od]n 7]ufgfdf ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 .

118
 s= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
bfistata@nrb.org.np -æsÆ ju{sf] nflu_
bfistatb@nrb.org.np -ævÆ ju{sf] nflu_
bfistatc@nrb.org.np -æuÆ ju{sf] nflu_
bfistatd@nrb.org.np -æ3Æ ju{sf] nflu_
v= a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
bsdoffsite@nrb.org.np
u= ljQLo ;+:yf ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu
nrbfisd@nrb.org.np
(= pk/f]Qm tYof+sx? PS;]n l;6 dfkm{t k7fpg' kg]{5 . lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf cfk"mv';L s'g} yk36 ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
tYofÍ ljj/0f k7fpFbf clgjfo{ ?kdf ?= nfvdf pNn]v u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 . tYofÍ ljj/0f g]kfnL efiffdf
k7fpFbf clgjfo{ ?kdf bishall km06af6 k7fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] km06 o; a}+ssf] j]j;fO6 www.nrg.org.np af6
8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!)= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ tYofÍ ljj/0f
;DjGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= (÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^&
cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

119
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!
======================== lnld6]8
;DklQ / bfloTjsf] uf]Zjf/f lx;fj -dfl;s_
@) ===== ;fn =========== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
k'FhL tyf bfloTj /sd ;DklQ /sd
!= k'FhL tyf hu]8f sf]ifx? != gub df}Hbft
!=! r'Qmf k'FhL !=! :jb]zL d'b|f -l;Ssf ;d]t_
!=!=! ;fwf/0f z]o/ !=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=!=@ gg\l/l8d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ !=@=! ef/tLo d'b|f
!=!=#= l/l8d]jn lk|km/]G; z]o/ !=@=@ cGo ljb]zL d'b|f
!=@ sn Og P8\efG; @= a}+s df}Hbft
!=#= ;fwf/0f hu]8f @=! g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf
!=$= z]o/ lk|ldod @=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
!=% ;+lrt gfkmf÷gf]S;fg (Retained Earning) @=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=^ cGo hu]8f tyf sf]ifx?* @=@ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=^=! e}k/L cfpg] hu]8f @=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f
!=^=@ ;DklQ k'gd"{NofÍg sf]if @=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=^=# k'FhLut hu]8f sf]if @=# ævÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=^=$ ;+:yf ljsf; sf]if @=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f
!=^=% ljz]if hu]8f sf]if @=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=^=^ nfef+z ;dLs/0f sf]if @=$ æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfdf
!=^=& cGo :jtGq sf]if @=$=! :jb]zL d'b|f
!=& k'FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if @=$=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
!=* ;6xL 36a9 sf]if @=% cGo ljQLo ;+:yfdf
!=( nufgL ;dfof]hg sf]if @=%=! :jb]zL d'b|f
!=!) cGo sf]if @=%=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
@=^ ljb]zL a}+sdf
@= ;fk6L @=^=! ef/tdf
@=! g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 ;fk6L @=^=@ cGo ljb]zL d'n'sdf
@=!=! k'g/shf{ #= dfu]sf avt k|fKt x'g] /sd
@=!=@ l/kf]] shf{ #=! æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=@ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
@=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f #=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
@=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f #=@ ævÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=# ævÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f
@=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f #=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
@=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f #=# æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfdf
@=$ æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfaf6 #=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f
@=$=! :jb]zL d'b|f #=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
@=$=@ ljb]zL d'b|f #=$ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfdf
@=% ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf #=$=! :jb]zL d'b|f
@=^ cGo ljQLo ;+:yf #=$=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
@=& C0fkq tyf a08 #=% ljb]zL d'n'sdf
#= lgIf]kx? ** #=%=! ef/tdf
#=! rNtL #=%=@ cGo ljb]zL d'n'sdf
#=!=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf $= C0fkqdf nufgL
#=!=!=! a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? $=! g]kfn ;/sf/
#=!=!=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? $=!=! 6]«h/L ljn
#=!=!=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? $=!=@ ljsf; C0fkq
#=!=!=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? $=!=# /fli6«o art kq
#=!=!=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? $=!=$ ljz]if C0f kq
#=!=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? $=@ g]=/f=a}+s C0f kq
#=!=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf sDkgLx? $=# æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] C0fkq
#=!=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? $=$ ;/sf/L u}/ ljQLo ;+:yf
#=!=!=@ :yfgLo ;/sf/ $=% cGo u}/ ljQLo ;+:yf
#=!=!=# u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? $=^ u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q (Non-Resident)
#=!=!=$ u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? %= z]o/ tyf cGo nufgL
#=!=!=% cGo cfjf;Lo If]q %=! z]o/df nufgL
#=!=!=^ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q (Non-Resident) %=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf %=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?

120
#=!=@=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=$ cGo cfjf;Lo If]q %=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx?
#=!=@=% u}{/ cfjf;Lo If]q %=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@ art %=!=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=@=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf %=!=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=! a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? %=!=!) u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=@=!=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@ cGo nufgL
#=@=!=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
#=@=!=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfx? %=@=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf sDkgLx? %=@=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? %=@=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=@ :yfgLo ;/sf/ %=@=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=# u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? %=@=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=$ u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? %=@=!=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=% cGo cfjf;Lo If]q %=@=!=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=!=^ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q %=@=!=!) u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf %=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
#=@=@=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=@=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=@=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=@=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=$ cGo cfjf;Lo If]q %=@=@=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=@=@=% u}{/ cfjf;Lo If]q %=@=@=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=# d'2lt %=@=@=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx?
#=#=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf %=@=@=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=#=!=! a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? %=@=@=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
#=#=!=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=@=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=#=!=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? %=@=@=!) u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=#=!=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^= shf{ tyf ;fk6
#=#=!=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=#=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfx? ^=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=#=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf sDkgLx? ^=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=#=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? ^=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=#=!=@ :yfgLo ;/sf/ ^=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=#=!=# u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? ^=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=#=!=$ u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? ^=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=#=!=% cGo cfjf;Lo If]q ^=#=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=#=!=^ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q ^=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf ^=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=% cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=%=! art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=%=@ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx?
#=#=@=$ cGo cfjf;Lo If]q ^=%=# cGo
#=#=@=% u}{/ cfjf;Lo If]q ^=^ s]lGb|o ;/sf/
#=$ dfu]sf] avt lbg'kg]{ /sd ^=& :yfgLo ;/sf/
#=$=! :jb]zL d'b|f ^=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?
#=$=!=! a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ^=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=$=!=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=(=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=(=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=!) JolQmut
#=$=!=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? ^=!)=! :jb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L;+:yfx? ^=!)=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
#=$=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf sDkgLx? ^=!! u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q
#=$=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? &= ljn vl/b
#=$=!=@ :yfgLo ;/sf/ &=! :jb]zL ljn vl/b
#=$=!=# u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? &=!=! cfjf;Lo
#=$=!=$ u}/ ljQLo lghL ;+:yfx? &=!=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
#=$=!=% cGo cfjf;Lo If]q &=@ ljb]zL ljn vl/b
#=$=!=^ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q &=@=! ef/tdf e'QmfgL x'g]
#=$=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf &=@=!=! cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=@=!=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=@=@ cGo d'n'sdf e'QmfgL x'g]

121
#=$=@=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? &=@=@=! cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=$ cGo cfjf;Lo If]q &=@=@=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
#=$=@=% u}/ cfjf;Lo If]q &=# cfoft ljn vl/b
#=%= ;l6{lkms]6 ckm l8kf]lh6 *= sn]S;gdf lnOPsf ljnx?df ;fk6
#=%=! cfjf;Lo If]q *=! :jb]zL ljnsf] lwtf]df
#=%=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q (Non-Resident) *=@ ljb]zL ljnsf] lwtf]df
#=^ dflh{g lx;fj (= :yL/ ;DklQ
#=^=! :jb]zL d'b|f (=! hUuf
#=^=!=! cfjf;Lo If]q (=@ ejg
#=^=!=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q (=# kmlg{r/÷lkmS;r/
#=^=@ ljb]zL d'b|f (=$ ;jf/L ;fwg
#=^=@=! cfjf;Lo If]q (=% sDKo'6/ tyf d]zLg/L
#=^=@=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q (=^ k'FhLut lgdf{0f vr{
#=& vhfGrLsf] hdfgt (=& lnh xf]N8 ;DklQ
#=* cGo (=* cGo
$= e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{ ljnx? !)= cGo ;DklQ
$=! :jb]zL d'b|f !)=! c;'n ug{ afFsL Aofh
$=!=! 8«fˆ6 !)=!=! ljQLo ;+:yfx?
$=!=!=! cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
$=!=!=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q !)=!=!=!=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
$=!=@ e'QmfgL cfb]z (Pay order) !)=!=!=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
$=!=@=! cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
$=!=@=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q !)=!=!=@=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
$=@ ljb]zL d'b|f !)=!=!=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
$=@=! 8«fˆ6 !)=!=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
$=@=!=! cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=!=#=! :jb]zL d'b|fdf
$=@=!=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q !)=!=!=#=@ ljb]zL d'b|fdf
$=@=@ e'QmfgL cfb]z !)=!=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
$=@=@=! cfjf;Lo If]q !)=!=!=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf
$=@=@=@ u}/ cfj;Lo If]q !)=!=!=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx?
%= cGo bfloTj tyf Joj:yfx? !)=!=!=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yf
%=! ;08«L q]ml86;{ !)=!=@ u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfg
%=@ k]G;g tyf pkbfg sf]if !)=!=# lghL If]q
%=# sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if !)=!=#=! ;+:yfut
%=$ sd{rf/L sNof0fsf]if !)=!=#=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
%=% sd{rf/L tflndsf]if !)=!=#=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
%=^ sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf !)=!=#=@ JolQmut
%=& k|:tfljt tyf e'QmfgL lbg afFsL nfef+z !)=!=#=@=! :jb]zL d'b|f
%=* cfos/ Joj:yf !)=!=#=@=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
%=( shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=!=$ u}/ cfjf;Lo
%=(=! ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=@ d;nGb df}Hbft
%=(=@ ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=# sd{rf/L ;fk6L÷k]ZsL
%=(=@=! sd;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=$ ;08«L 8]6;{
%=(=@=@ z+sf:kb shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=% clu|d e'QmfgL
%=(=@=# v/fa shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=^ lSnol/ª r]s
%=(=# cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf !)=^=! :jb]zL d'b|f
%=!) Aofh d'NtjL lx;fj !)=^=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
%=!)=! ut cjlw;Ddsf] !)=& dfu{:y gub (Cash in Transit)
%=!)=@ o; cjlwdf yk !)=* ljgf ;"rgf e'QmfgL lbOPsf 8«fˆ6
%=!)=# o; cjlwdf c;'nL ePsf] !)=( clu|d s/ e'QmfgL
%=!! lgIf]kdf lbg'kg]{ Aofh !)=!) l/e;{ l/kf] /sd
%=!!=! art !)=!! cGo
%=!!=@= d'2lt !!= ckn]vg x'g afFsL vr{
%=!!=# cGo !@= u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ
%=!@ lgIf]k Aofhs/ !#= lx;fj ldnfg
%=!# x|f; s§L sf]if !# =! s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
%=!$ kfls g;s]sf] cfDbfgL !#=@ zfvf sfof{no
%=!% cGo !#=# lgj[lQ e/0f
^= lx;fj ldnfg !#=$ ;/sf/L sf/f]af/
^=! s]Gb|Lo sfof{no !#=% C0f sf]if
^=@ If]qLo÷zfvf sfof{no !$= sG6«f lx;fj
^=# lgj[lQ e/0f !$=! sn]S;gdf lnOPsf ljnx?
^=$ ;/sf/L sf/f]af/ !$=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f
^=% C0fsf]if !$=!=!=! cfjf;Lo

122
 &= sG6«f lx;fj !$=!=!=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
&=! sn]S;gdf lnOPsf ljnx? !$=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f
&=!=! :jb]zL d'b|f !$=!=@=! cfjf;Lo
&=!=!=! cfjf;Lo !$=!=@=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
&=!=!=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo !%= gfkmf÷gf]S;fg lx;fj
&=!=@ ljb]zL d'b|f !%=! ut dlxgf;Dds]f
&=!=@=! cfjf;Lo !%=@ o; dlxgfsf]
&=!=@=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
*= gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
*=! ut dlxgf;Ddsf]
*=@ o; dlxgfsf]
hDdf hDdf
gf]6M dfly tf]lsPsf] s'g} zLif{s cGt/ut /sd g/x]sf] eP tfklg ;f] zLif{s sfod} /fvL o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o; kmf/fdsf
pkzLif{sx?df ePsf sf/f]jf/x? lglb{i6 :yfgdf clgjfo{ ?kdf b]vfO{ To;sf] hf]8 k|To]s pk–zLif{s x'b} d"n zLif{s;Dd ug'{ kg]{5 .
jf;nft aflx/sf sf/f]af/ -;+efljt bfloTjx?_ M
1= ;+:yfpk/ bfjL k/]sf] t/ ;+:yfn] bfloTj :jLsf/ gu/]sf]
2= k|lttkqx¿ -dflh{g g#^fO{ k"/f /sd_
-s_ 6 dlxgf eGbf sd cjlwsf]
-v_ 6 dlxgf eGbf a(L cjlwsf]
3= k"gM l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf ljnx¿
4= Dofb gfl# g;s]sf] Uof/]G^L a)*
-s_ la* a)*
-v_ k/km/d]G; a)*
5= r'Qmf jf e'Qmfg x'g af+sL z]o/ nufgL
6= km/jf*{ PS:r]~h sG^«fS^sf] af+sL bfloTjx¿
7= sn]S;gdf /x]sf lanx¿
-s_ :jb]zL d'b|f
-v_ ljb]]zL d'b|f
8= d~h'/L tyf ;dy{g (Acceptance & Endorsement)
9= k|Tofe"lt k|ltj$tf (Underwriting Commitment)
10= ckl/jTo{ shf{ k|ltj$tf (Irrevocable Loan Commitment)
11= cGt/f{li^«o >])fLs[t a}+ssf] sfp)^/ Uof/])^Ldf lbPsf] Uof/])^L
12= clu|d e'QmfgL Uof/])^L (Advance Payment Guarantee)
13= shf{ k|jfxsf] nflu ljQLo hdfgt (Financial Guarantee)
14= cfos/ jfkt ;Defljt bfloTj (Contingent Liabilities on Income Tax)
15= =======================
---------------------------------------------------
* cGo hu]8f tyf sf]ifx? cGtu{t nufgLdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ ;d]t v'nfpg' (Disclose) kg]{5 .
** Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] gfd v'nfpg' kg]{5 . o;sf] nflu 5'§} kmf/d k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 .

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{sf] ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tsf]

gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
ldlt M ldlt
M

123
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=@
========================================== lnld6]8
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
@) ====== b]lv @) ========= ;Dd -dfl;s_
-?=nfvdf_
vr{ o; dlxgf ut dlxgf cfDbfgL o; dlxgf ut dlxgf
;Ddsf] ¿= ;Ddsf] ¿= ;Ddsf] ¿= ;Ddsf] ¿=
!= Aofh vr{ != Aofh cfDbfgL
!=! lgIf]k bfloTjdf !=! shf{ ;fk6df
!=!=! artdf !=@ nufgLdf
!=!=@ d'2ltdf !=@=! g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq
!=!=@=! # dlxgf;Ddsf] d'2ltdf !=@=@ ljb]zL C0fkq
!=!=@=@ # b]lv ^ dlxg;Ddsf] d'2ltdf !=@=# g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] C0fkq
!=!=@=# ^ dlxgfb]lv ! jif{;Ddsf] d'2ltdf !=@=$ l8a]~r/ tyf a08
!=!=@=$ ! jif{eGbf dflysf] d'2ltdf !=# Ph]G;L df}Hbftdf
!=!=# dfu]sf] avt ltg'{kg]{ lgIf]kdf !=$ dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g]
!=!=$ ;l6{lkms]6 ckm l8kf]lh6df df}Hbftdf
!=@ cGt/ a}+s/ ljQLo ;+:yf ;fk6L !=% cGodf
!=@=! g]kfn /fi6« a}+s @= sld;g tyf l8isfp06
!=@=@ cGt/ a}+s/ ljQLo ;+:yf @=! ljn vl/b tyf l8isfp06
!=@=# cGo ;fk6L @=@ sldzg
@ sld;g vr{ @=# cGo
#= sd{rf/L vr{ #= ;6xL 36a9 cfDbfgL
$= ;+rfng vr{ #=! ljlgdob/df ePsf] km/saf6
%= ;6xL 36a9 gf]S;fgL #=@ ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/af6 -a§f
%=! ljlgdob/df ePsf] km/saf6 afx]s_
%=@ ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]af/af6 -a§f afx]s_ $= cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
^= u}/ ;+rfng vr{ %= u}/ ;~rfng cfDbfgL
&= hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^= hf]lvd ;DaGwL Joj:yfaf6
&=! ;fdfGo shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf lkmtf{ -cfDbfgL_
&=@ ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=! c;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=@=! sd;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=@ ljz]if shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=@=@ z+sf:kb shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=@=! sd;n shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=@=# v/fa shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=@=@ z+sf:kb shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=# u}/ a}+lsu ;DklQ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=@=# v/fa shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
&=$ nufgLdf ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=# u}/ a}+lsu ;DklQ gf]S;fgL
&=% cGo ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf Joj:yf
&=^ cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ^=$ nufgLdf ;Defljt gf]S;fgL
*= c;'nL x'g g;Sg] shf{sf] ckn]vg Joj:yf
(= c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/x?af6 ePsf] vr{ ^=% cGo ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
!)= sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf ^=^ cltl/Qm shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
!!= cfos/ Joj:yf &= ckn]vg ePsf] shf{sf] c;'nL
!@= v'b gfkmf *= c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/x?af6 ePsf]
cfDbfgL
(= v'b gf]S;fg
hDdf hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M
gf]6 M !_ dfl;s ?kdf x|f; s§L vr{ / cGo vr{ ;DjlGwt vr{ zLif{s cGtu{t ;dfj]z x'g' kg]{5 .
@_ x/]s qodf; cGtsf] gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj tof/ ubf{ clgjfo{ ?kn] shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf nufot cGo gf]S;fgL
Joj:yfdf ePsf] yk jf 36 /sd oyfy{ lrq0f x'g] u/L n]vfÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .
#_ sd{rf/L jf]g; / cfos/sf] nflu pko'{Qm cg'dfg u/L a}+s Joj:yfkgn] ;DjlGwt cjlwx?df Joj:yf ug]{ tyf n]vf+sg
ug{' kg]{5 .

124
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=#
========================================== lnld6]8
If]qut -k|of]hg_ cg';f/sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======== ;fn =============== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut d;fGt;Ddsf] o; dlxgfdf o; dlxgfdf d;fGt;Dddf p7fpg
efsf gf3]sf]
qm;+= afFsL ljtl/t c;"nL afFsL
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
pBf]u÷If]qx?
! s[lif / jg ;DaGwL
!=! afnL÷afnL ;]jf
!=@ lrof÷skmL
!=# ;'lt{
!=$ ;gkf6
!=% kz'kfng÷kz'kfng ;]jf ÷kz' awzfnf
!=^ ag
!=& l;rfO{
!=* cGo s[lif tyf s[lif hGo ;]jfx?
@ df5fkfng ;DaGwL
# vfgL ;DaGwL
#=! wft' tyf wfp -kmnfd, l;;f OToflb_
#=@ sf]Onf
#=# r'g9'Ëf
#=$ DofUg];fO6
#=% v/L
#=^ t]n tyf Uof; k|zf]rg (Extraction)
#=& vfgL ;DaGwL cGo
$ pTkfbg ;DaGwL
$=! vfB pTkfbg -Kofs ug]{, k|f];]l;Ë ug]{_
$=@ s[lif, jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg
$=@=! lrgL
$=@=@ ;"lt{ k|zf]wg
$=@=# lr/fg tyf sfi7 pTkfbg÷kmlg{r/
$=@=$ cGo
$=# k]o kbfy{ -ljo/, dbL/f, ;f]8f OToflb_
$=#=! dlb/fhGo
$=#=@ dlb/f/lxt
$=$ x:tsnf
$=% a'gfO{ (Textile) pTkfbg Pj+ tof/L kf]zfs
$=^ sfuh tyf ;Da4 pTkfbg
$=& 5kfO tyf k|sfzg
$=* cf}ifwL
$=( k|zf]lwt t]n tyf sf]Onf pTkfbg
$=!) vf]6f] tyf tf/lkg
$=!! /a/sf] 6fo/
$=!@ 5fnf
$=!# Knfli6s
$=!$ l;d]06
$=!% kTy/, df6f] tyf l;;fsf pTkfbgx?
$=!^ cGo lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pTkfbg
$=!& wft' – cfwf/e"t kmnfd tyf l:6n Knf06
$=!* wft' – cGo KnfG6÷Hof;n
$=!( ljljw pTkfbg
% lgdf{0f
%=! cfjf;Lo -3/fo;L k|of]hg_
%=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo -Jofkfl/s k|of]hg_
%=# a[xt (Heavy) lgdf{0f -/fhdfu{, k'n OToflb_
^= ljB't, Uof; / kfgL
^=! ljB't ;]jf
^=@ UofF; tyf UofF; kfOk nfOg ;]jf
& wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]l;g/L tyf On]S6«f]lgs cf}hf/
tyf h8fg
&=! h8fg ul/Psf (Fabricated) wft'sf ;fdfgx?
&=@ d]lzg cf}hf/
&=# d]lzg/L – s[lif hGo
&=$ d]lzg/L – lgdf{0f, t]n If]q, vfgL ;DaGwL

125
&=% d]lzg/L – clkm; Pj+ sDKo'l6Ë (Computing)
&=^ d]lzg/L – cGo ;j}
&=& ljB'tLo pks/0f
&=* 3/fo;L pks/0f Pj+ cGo vKg] ;fdfg
&=( ;+rf/ pks/0f
&=!) On]S6«f]lgs kf6{k"hf{
&=!! lrlsT;f ;DaGwL pks/0f
&=!@ h]g]/]6/x?
&=!# 3§ (Turbines)
* oftfoft , e08f/ / ;+rf/
*=! df]6/uf8L, kf6{k"hf tyf ;xfos ;fdu|Lx?
*=@ h]6af]6÷hn oftfoft
*=# jfo'ofg tyf jfo'ofgsf] kf6{k"hf{
*=$ oftfoft ;DaGwL cGo pTkfbgx?
*=% /]ndfu{ tyf ;8s ofqL cf];f/k;f/sf ;fwgx?
*=^ 6«s ;]jf tyf uf]bfd Joj:yf
*=& cGo ;a} ;]jf
( yf]s tyf v'b|f ljq]mtf
(=! yf]s Jofkf/ – vKg] ;fdfg
(=@ yf]s Jofkf/ – gvKg] ;fdfg
(=# Automotive Dealer/franchise
(=$ cGo v'b|f Jofkf/
(=% cfoft Jofkf/
(=^ lgof{t Jofkf/
!) ljQ, jLdf tyf crn ;DklQ
!)=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!)=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!)=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!)=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
!)=% art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?
!)=^ k]G;g sf]if tyf jLdf ;+:yfx?
!)=& cGo ljQLo ;+:yf
!)=* u}/ ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfg
!)=( lghL u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfgx?
!)=!! cGo nufgL ;+:yfx?
!)=!@ crn ;DklQ (Real Estate)
!! xf]6n tyf /]i6'F/f
!!=! ko{6g ;]jf -6]«lsË, 6«fen Ph]G;L, kj{tf/f]x0f,
l/;f]6{, /flˆ6Ë, SoflDkË cflb_
!!=@ xf]6n -cGo ;]jf ;d]t_
!!=# dgf]/+hg, l/lqmP;g, rnlrq
!@ cGo ;]jfx?
!@=! lj1fkg ;]jf
!@=@ Automotive ;]jf
!@=# cGo ;j} ;]jf sDkgLx?
!@=$ c:ktfn, lSnlgs OToflb
!@=% lzIff ;]jf
!# pkef]Uo shf{
!#=! ;'g, rfFbL
!#=@ d'2lt /l;b
!#=# ;'/If0f kq
!#=$ q]ml86 sf8{
!#=% xfo/ kr]{h -JolQmut pkof]u shf{_
!$ :yflgo ;/sf/
!% cGo
hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt

126
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=# -s_
============================================== a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf
k|of]hg cg';f/sf] Productwise shf{ ;fk6sf] ljj/0f
@)====÷==========dlxgf -dfl;s_
-/sd ?=nfvdf_
ut dlxgfsf] o; dlxgfsf]
km08]8 ggkm08]8 s'n km08]8 ggkm08]8 s'n
!= cfjlws shf{
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
@= cf]e/8«fˆ6
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
#= 6«i6 l/l;K6 shf{÷cfoft shf{
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
$= l8df08 tyf cGo rfn" k'FhL shf{
-s_ cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf
-v_ Jofkfl/s ;+:yf
-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf
-3_ cGo
%= l/on :6]6 shf{
-s_ 3/ hUuf ljsf; sDkgL÷kmd{x?
-v_ ! s/f]8eGbf j9L /sdsf] JolQmut shf{
-u_ ?=%) nfv jf ;f] eGbf dfly ?=!
s/f]8;Ddsf] JolQmut shf{
-3_ Jofkfl/s dxn lgdf{0fsf nflu k|jflxt shf{
-ª_ cGo
^= Dfflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{
-s_ ! s/f]8eGbf j9L /sdsf] shf{
-v_ ?=%) nfvb]lv ?=! s/f]8;Ddsf shf{
-u_ ?=@% nfvb]lv ?=%) nfv;Ddsf] shf{
-3_ ?=@% nfveGbf sd /sdsf] shf{
&= cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{
*= xfo/kr{]h shf{
-s_ Jofkfl/s k|of]hg
-v_ JolQmut k|of]hg
(= ljkGg ju{ shf{
!)= ljN; vl/b
!!= cGo k|f]8S6x?
-s_ qm]l86 sf8{
-v_ z}lIfs shf{
-u_ ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBdL shf{
-3_ =======================================
-ª_ =======================================
-r_ =======================================
s"n

k|li6s/0f M–
!= cfjlws shf{ M
o; cGt/ut kg{] cfjlws shf{ (Term Loan) eGgfn] k'+hLut k|s[ltsf] vr{sf] nflu Ps jif{eGbf j9L cjlwsf] nflu k|jfx
ePsf] shf{nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 . Ps jif{eGbf sd cjlwsf] cfjlws shf{ ePdf l8df08 tyf cGo rfn" k'FhL shf{ zLif{sdf
hgfpg' kg{]5 . To;}u/L ls:tfjGbLdf jf Psd'i6 c;'n ug{] u/L k|jflxt s'g} klg cjlwsf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{, l/on :6]6

127
 shf{, xfo/kr{]h shf{ nufotsf cGo zLif{sdf kg{] u/L k|jflxt cfjlws shf{ o; cGt/ut ghgfO{ ;DjlGwt zLif{sdf g}
hgfpg' kg{]5 .
@= cf]e/8«fˆ6 shf{ M
cf]e/8«fˆ6 ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg kfpg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf JolQmut jf ;+:yfut u|fxsx?nfO{ cf]e/8«fˆ6
;Ldf k|bfg u/L jf rNtL lgIf]k vftfdf cf]e/8«g ;'ljwf pknJw u/fO{ shf{ k|jfx u/L jSof}tf /x]sf] /sd o; zLif{sdf
hgfpg' kg{]5 .
#= 6«i6 l/l;K6 shf{÷cfoft shf{ M
k|lttkq dfkm{t ;fdfg cfoft ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu pknJw u/fOPsf] cfoft shf{nfO{ 6«i6 l/l;K6 shf{sf] ?kdf hgfpg' kg{]5
eg] o; zLif{s cGt/ut cfoftsf] nflu k|jfx ul/Psf] cGo shf{x? ePdf To:tf cGo cfoft shf{x?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L
o;} zLif{s cGt/ut hgfpg' kg{]5 . t/, :jb]zL k|lttkqdf o; k|sf/sf] shf{ k|bfg ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
$= l8df08 tyf cGo rfn" k'FhL shf{ M
l8df08 tyf cGo rfn" k'FhL shf{ cGt/ut Hypothecation, Working Capital, Short Term Loan, Demand Loan, Time
Loan, Cash Credit nufotsf cGo rfn" k'FhL k|s[ltsf ;a} shf{x? ;dfj]z x'g] 5g\ .
%= l/on :6]6 shf{ ;fk6 M
l/on :6]6sf] nflu k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ ;fk6 eGgfn] lgDgfg';f/sf] shf{ ;fk6nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
-s_ s'g}klg hUuf ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0f ug{] p2]Zon] :yflkt kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ k|jflxt shf{ .
-v_ s'g} k|of]hg gv'nfO{ hUuf, hldg jf ejg lwtf] /fvL k|jfx ePsf ?=%) nfv jf ;f] eGbf j9L /sdsf shf{x? .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljgf k|of]hg hUuf, hldg jf ejg lwtf] /fvL k|jfx ug{] u/L ljleGg k|f]8S6x? -h:t}M
Personal Loan, Mortgage Loan, Flexi Loan cflb_ dfkm{t shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] ePdf ?=%) nfv jf ;f] eGbf j9L
/sdsf To:tf ;j} shf{x? ;d]t Real Estate shf{sf] ?kdf u0fgf ug{' kg{]5 .
-u_ s'g} klg Jofkfl/s dxn -Commercial Complex_ lgdf{0fsf nflu k|jflxt shf{ .
t/, lgDglnlvt shf{x?nfO{ Real State shf{ dflgg] 5}g .
-c_ cGo lgoldt cfo>f]tn] wfGg] u/L Residential k|of]hgsf] nflu k|jfx ul/Psf] 3/ shf{ (Home/House
Loan)
-cf_ hUuf ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0fdf ;+nUg g/x]sf Jofkfl/s kmd{ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] lgoldt Jofkfl/s shf{sf]
nflu cGo ;'/If0fsf cltl/Qm 3/ hUuf lwtf] /fv]sf shf{x? .
^= dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{ ;fk6 M
s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ ;fk6 k|jfx ubf{ s'g} ;"rLs[t sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8j]~r/ ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf lwtf] lnO{ k|jfx
ePsf shf{nfO{ dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{ ;fk6sf] ?kdf lnOg] 5 . t/, cGo k|of]hgsf nflu k|jflxt shf{df yk jf cltl/Qm
;'/If0f:j?k ;"rLs[t sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8j]~r/ lwtf] /fv]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] shf{nfO{ dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{ dflgg] 5}g .
&= cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ M
o; zLif{s cGt/ut a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] cfo>f]t x]/L ;f] >f]tn] kof{Kt wfGg] u/L ls:tf sfod u/L 3/ lgdf{0f jf
vl/bsf] nflu k|jfx u/]sf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{ (Home/Housing Loan) sf] jSof}tf /sd hgfpg' kg{]5 .
*= xfo/kr{]h shf{ M
o; cGt/ut Jofkfl/s lx;fjn] ef8fdf ;+rfng ug{] u/L jf k|of]u ug{] u/fpg] u/L s'g} ;jf/L ;fwg jf ;fdfg vl/b ug{
k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{nfO{ xfo/kr{]h shf{ cGt/utsf] Jofkfl/s k|of]hgdf hgfpg' kg{]5 eg] clGtd k|of]ustf{ (End User)
cfkm}n] k|of]u ug{] u/L ;jf/L ;fwg jf ;fdfg vl/b ug{ ljQLo ;'ljwf pknJw u/fO{ jSof}tf /x]sf] /sd JolQmut xfo/kr{]h
shf{ cGt/ut hgfpg' kg{]5 . xfo/ kr]{h k|s[ltsf t/ cGo k|f]8S6 -h:t}M Auto Loan, Vehicle Loan cflb_ cGtu{t k|jfx
ePsf shf{ ;d]t o; zLif{sdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ljkGg ju{ shf{ M
g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] lgb{]zgsf] clwgdf /xL k|jfx ug{' kg{] lgb{]lzt ljkGg ju{ shf{sf] jSof}tf /sd o; zLif{sdf hgfpg' kb{5 .
!)= ljN; vl/b M
a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfn] vl/b u/L lnPsf] r]s, 8«fˆ6, lgof{t ljnsf] jSof}tf /sd o; zLif{sdf hgfpg' kb{5 .
!!= cGo k|f]8S6x? M
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|of]udf NofPsf dfly pNn]v ePb]lv jfx]ssf cGo k|f]8S6x? ePdf o; zLif{s cGt/ut pNn]v ub{}
hfg' kg{]5 . o;/L pk/f]Qm ! b]lv o; zLif{s;Ddsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sdsf] s'n of]u a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;f] ldltsf] s'n shf{ ;fk6
/sd;+u d]n vfg' kg]{5 .
!@= cf}Bf]lus ;+:yf M
s'g} klg j:t' pTkfbg ug{], cyf{t sRrf kbfy{ jf cw{tof/L ;fdfgsf] k|of]ujf6 lglZrt dfgj÷d]lzg/Lsf] k|of]u u/L d"No
clej[l4 u/fO{ tof/L j:t' pTkfbg ug{] vfnsf ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{ ;fk6nfO{ o; pkzLif{sdf hgfpg' k5{ . h:tf] M– l:6n
pBf]u, l;d]06 pBf]u, ljh'nL pTkfbg, h'6 pBf]u, jfo/ pBf]u, sfk{]6 pBf]u, ufd{]06 pBf]u cflb .
!#= Jofkfl/s ;+:yf M
s'g} yk k|f];]l;+u gu/L tof/L ;fdfg vl/b÷ljqmL ug{] Joj;flos ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf shf{x?sf] aSof}tf /sd o; pkzLif{s
cGt/ut hgfpg' kg{]5 . h:t}M– /fli6«o Jofkf/ lgud, ;fN6 6«]l8Ë ln=, hg/n 6«]l8+u cflb .
!$= ;]jf Joj;fo ;+:yf M
s'g} klg j:t' pTkfbg ug{] jf vl/b ljqmL ug{] geO{ u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{] clek|fon] :yflkt ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{
;fk6nfO{ o; pkzLif{s cGt/ut hgfpg' kg{]5 . o:tf ;+:yf gfkmfd'vL jf k/f]ksf/L ;+:yf b'a} x'g ;Sg]5g\ . h:t}M b"/ ;+rf/,
:s"n÷sn]h, gl;{Ë xf]d, xl:k6n, xf]6n cflb .

128
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=$
========================================== lnld6]8
;'/If0f cg';f/sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ========== ;fn ================ dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut d;fGtsf] o; dlxgfdf o; dlxgfdf d;fGt;Dddf
;'/If0f efsf gf3]sf]
afFsL ljtl/t c;"nL p7fpg afFsL
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
! ;'g rfFbL
@ ;/sf/L ;'/If0f kqx?
# u}/ ;/sf/L ;'/If0f kqx?
$ d'2lt /l;b
$=! cfˆg} ;+:yfsf]
$=@ cGo Ohfht kq k|fKt
;+:yfsf]
% ;DklQsf] ;'/If0f
%=! :yL/ ;DklQ
5.1.1 3/hUuf
5.1.2 d]lzg/L tyf pks/0fx?
5.1.3 kmlg{r/ tyf lkmS;r/
5.1.4 ;jf/L ;fwgx?
5.1.5 cGo :yL/ ;DklQx?
%=@ rfn" ;DklQ
%=@=! s[lif k}bfjf/
5.2.2.1 wfg rfdn
5.2.2.2 ;g x}l;ot
5.2.2.3 cGo s[lif k}bfjf/
%=@=@ cGou}/ s[lif k}bfjf/
5.2.2.1 sRrf kbfy{
5.2.2.2 cw{ tof/L a:t'x?
5.2.2.3 tof/L a:t'x?
5.2.2.4 g"g, lrgL, £o", t]n
5.2.2.5 sk8f
5.2.2.6 cGo j:t'x?
^ ljnx?sf] ;'/If0fdf
^=! :jb]zL ljn
^=@ ljb]zL ljn
6.2.1 cfoft ljn / k|ltt kq
6.2.2 lgof{t ljn
6.2.3 lgof{t ljnsf] lwtf]df
6.2.4 cGo ljb]zL ljn
& hdfgtdf k|jflxt

129
&=! ;/sf/L hdfgL
&=@ ;+:yfut hdfgL
&=# JolQmut hdfgL
&=$ ;fd"lxs hdfgL
&=% cGt//fli6«o >]0fLs[t
ljb]zL a}+ssf] hdfgtdf
&=^ cGo hdfgtdf
* qm]l86 ÷8]lj6 sf8{
( cGo

hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

130
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=%
========================================== lnld6]8
ljkGg ju{ shf{ ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ========== ;fn ================ dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut qodf;sf] o; qodf;df o; qodf;df o; qodf;;Dddf p7fpg
efsf gf3]sf]
l;=g+= shf{ zLif{s afFsL ljtl/t c;"nL afFsL
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
!= s'n shf{ ;fk6 -ljN; vl/b
tyf l8:sfp06 ;d]t_
@= ljkGg ju{ shf{
-s_ k|ToIf nufgL
! s[lif
@ 3/]n' pBf]u
# ;]jf
$= cGo
-v_ ck|ToIf nufgL
-c_ ;+:yfut nufgL =yf]s
shf{_
!=
@=
-cf_ z]o/ nufgL
#= o'jf :j/f]huf/ shf{
hDdf
^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL
shf{
^ dlxgf cl3sf] s'n afFsL
shf{;+usf] cg'kft

gf]6M ck|ToIf nufgL cGtu{t ;+:yfut nufgL -Wholesale Lending_ / z]o/ nufgLsf] /sd 5'§f5'§} pNn]v ug'{ kb{5 .

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

131
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=^

================================lnld6]8
;+rfns÷sfo{sf/L k|d'v÷;+:yfks÷sd{rf/L tyf z]o/xf]N8/x¿nfO{ uPsf] shf{ ;fk6 ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
- @) ;fn dlxgfsf] ljj/0f_
vl/b tyf l*:sfpG^ ul/Psf lanx¿ / shf{, ;fk^ tyf clwljsif{df k|jflxt s"n /sddWo] ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v,
;+:yfks, sd{rf/L, 1 k|ltzt eGbf a(L z]o/ lng] z]o/ xf]N*/x? / lghx¿sf] Psf#/ kl/jf/sf JolQm jf To:tf JolQm
hdfgL a;]sf] jf Dofg]lh+u Ph]G^ ePsf] s'g} ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ uPsf] /sdsf] ljj/)f b]xfo adf]lhd % .
-?= nfvdf_

;+:yfks÷;~rfns÷ ut qodf;;Ddsf] o; qodf;df c;'nL o; qodf;;Dd af+sL

sfo{sf/L af+sL
k|d"vsf] gfd ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh ;fjf+ Aofh
-s_ ;~rfns
1=
2=
-v_ sfo{sf/L k|d'v
1=
2=
-u_ ;+:yfks
1=
2=
-#_ sd{rf/L
1=
2=
-ª_ z]o/xf]N*/x?
1=
2=
hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

132
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=&

================================= lnld6]8
;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?nfO{ uPsf] shf{sf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ============= dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?= nfvdf_
ut o; dlxgfdf o; dlxgfdf d;fGt;Dddf efsf gf3]sf]
shf{
d;fGt;Ddsf] ljtl/t c;'nL p7fpg afFsL
;+:yfgsf] gfd sf]
afFsL
p2]Zo
;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh ;+Vof ;fFjf Aofh
!= cf}Bf]lus
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-ª_
@= Jofkfl/s
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-ª_
#= ljQLo
;+:yfx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-ª_
$= ;]jf ;DaGwL
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-ª_
%= cGo ;/sf/L
;+:yfgx?
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-ª_
hDdf
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
ldlt M ldlt M

133
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=*
=============== Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
lgIf]ksf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ===== ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
;l6{lkms]6 hDdf
dfu]sf] avt
vftfjfnfsf] ljj/0f rNtL art d'2lt ckm dflh{g cGo -!_ b]lv
lbg' kg]{ /sd
l8kf]lh6 -&_ ;Dd
-!_ -@_ -#_ -$_ -%_ -^_ -&_ -*_
-s_ :jb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] vftf
!= ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf tyf JolQm
!=! ljb]zL s'6g}lts / ;xfos lgof]ux?
!=@ ljb]zL ;/sf/af6 ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx?
!=# cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx? (UNO nufotsf_
!=$ cGo u}/ ;/sf/L ljb]zL ;+:yfx?
!=$=! cfjf;Lo
!=$=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=% ljb]zL a}+sx?
!=^ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
!=& ljb]zL Po/nfOG;x?
!=* ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] k]G;g SofDkx?
!=*=! ef/tLo ;/sf/
!=*=@ la|l6; ;/sf/
!=( ljb]zL gful/sx?
!=(=! cfjf;Lo
!=(=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=!) cGo
!=!)=! cfjf;Lo
!=!)=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
@= gu/kflnsf ,uf=lj=;=tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltx?
#= ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=! lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=!=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? -s[=lj= a}+ssf]
jfl0fHo a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;d]t_
#=!=@ ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=# æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=$ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
#=!=% ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? -;Lldt a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug]{_
#=!=^ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? -;Lldt a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug]{_
#=!=& x'nfs;]jf ljefuåf/f ;+rflnt x'nfs art a}+sx?
-art lgIf]k dfq_
#=@ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=@=! g]kfn cf}Bf]lus ljsf; lgud
#=@=@ s[lif ljsf; a}+s -jfl0fHo a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug]{ afx]s_
#=# lgIf]k :jLsf/ gug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
#=#=! jLdf ;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
#=#=@ sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if
#=#=# gful/s nufgL sf]if
#=#=$ ======================
#=$ cGo ;xfos ljQLo OsfOx?
#=$=! u|fdL0f :jfjnDag sf]if
#=$=@ dgL r]Gh/
#=$=# lwtf]kq bnfn
#=$=$ lwtf]kq vl/b ljqmL s]Gb|
#=$=% ======================

134
$= u}/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?
$=! ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
$=!=! cf}Bf]lus
$=!=@ Jofkfl/s
$=!=# cGo
$=@ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
$=@=! cf}Bf]lus
$=@=@ Jofkfl/s
$=@=# cGo
%= d'gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo gePsf ;+:yfx?
%=! ljBfno, dxfljBfno
%=@ xl:k6n, gl;{Ë xf]d
%=# cGo
%=#=! cfjf;Lo
%=#=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
^= JolQmut
^=! cfjf;Lo
^=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
&= cGo
&=! cfjf;Lo
&=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
*= vhf~rLsf] hdfgt
:jb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] lgIf]ksf] hDdf -!–*_
-v_ ljb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] vftf
!= ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf tyf JolQm
!=! ljb]zL s'6g}lts / ;xfos lgof]ux?
!=@ ljb]zL ;/sf/af6 ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx?
!=# cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx? (UNO nufotsf_
!=$ cGo u}/ ;/sf/L ljb]zL ;+:yfx?
!=$=! cfjf;Lo
!=$=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=% ljb]zL a}+sx?
!=^ cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?
!=& ljb]zL Po/nfOG;x?
!=* ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] k]G;g SofDkx?
!=*=! ef/tLo ;/sf/
!=*=@ la|l6; ;/sf/
!=( ljb]zL gful/sx?
!=(=! cfjf;Lo
!=(=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
!=!) cGo
!=!)=! cfjf;Lo
!=!)=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
@= :jb]zL ;+3;+:yf tyf sDkgLx?
@=! æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?
@=@ cGo cfjf;Lo If]q
@=# u}x| cfjf;Lo If]q
#= JolQmut
#=! cfjf;Lo
#=@ u}/ cfjf;Lo
ljb]zL d'b|fdf vf]lnPsf] lgIf]ksf] hDdf -! – #_
hDdf /sd -s_ ± -v_
hDdf vftf ;+Vof

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{sf] M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tsf] M

gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
ldlt M ldlt

135
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=(
======================================= lnld6]8
a}b]lzs ;DklQsf] ljj/0f -dfl;s_
@) ======== ;fn =============== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
:jb]zL dfu]sf] vl/b tyf ljb]zL ljb]zL
:jb]zL ;dfzf]wg
ljb]zL a}+s/ avt e'QmfgL ;/sf/ a08
ljb]zL a}+s/ ljQLo n] b]vfPsf]
a}b]lzs ;DklQ a}+s ljQLo k|fKt ul/Psf] sf] cGo
d'b|f ;+:yf nfO{ 8]la6
df}Hbft ;+:yf x'g] ljb]zL 6«]h/L
;fk6L Aofn]G;
df}Hbft /sd ljnx? ljn
1. cd]l/sL 8n/
2. o"/f]
3. :jL; k|m]Gs
4. ci6«]lnog 8n/
5. Sofg]l8og 8n/
6. l;+ufk'/ 8n/
7. hfkfgL ofg
8. l:jl8; qmf]g/
9. 8]lg; qmf]g/
10. x+usË 8n/
11. ;fpbL c/a
l/ofn
12. stf/ l/ofn
13. lrgLof o'cfg
14. ef/tLo ?k}ofF
hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M

136
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!)
======================== lnld6]8
Aofhb/ tyf /sd cg';f/sf] d'2lt lx;fjsf] ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
?= %) xhf/ ?=! nfv ! ?=% nfv !
?= %) ?=! s/f]8eGbf
! b]lv ?=! b]lv b]lv ?=! hDdf
xhf/;Dd a9L
zLif{s Aofhb/ nfv;Dd ?=% nfv;Dd s/f]8;Dd
vftf vftf vftf vftf vftf vftf
/sd /sd /sd /sd /sd /sd
;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof
-s_ & lbg] ========Ü
========Ü
-v_ !% lbg] ========Ü
========Ü
-u_ ! dlxg] ========Ü
========Ü
-3_ # dlxg] ========Ü
========Ü
-ª_ ^ dlxg] ========Ü
========Ü
-r_ ! jif]{ ========Ü
========Ü
-5_ @ jif]{ ========Ü
========Ü
-h_ # jif{ / ========Ü
;f]eGbf ========Ü
a9L

hDdf M

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M

137
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!!
======================== lnld6]8
7"nf C0fLx?;Fu p7fpg afFsL shf{sf] ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
nufgLdf /lx/x]sf] s"n /sd ;'ljwf -ckm Jofn]G;L6 sf/f]af/_
k|jflxt
s"n p7fpg afFsL
shf{sf] p7fpg afF s L /sd dWo] sf/f]af/ ;'ljwf pkof]u
C0fLsf] gfd shf{{ :jLs[t
p2]Zo s" n shf{ /sd efsf gf3]sf] sf] sf] ePsf]
tyf ;Ldf
;'ljwf shf{ /sd lsl;d cjlw /sd
;fFjf Aofh ;fFjf Aofh

hDdf

b|i6JoM != 7"nf C0fLx? eGgfn] æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf ?= ! s/f]8 / cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
xsdf ?= %) nfv jf ;f] eGbf a9L shf{ lnPsf] C0fLnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
@= Ps} ;d"xsf ljleGg sDkgLx?n] 5'§f5'§} nu]sf] shf{ Psd'i6 ubf{ pk/f]Qm ;Ldf gf3]df Ps} ;d"xsf sDkgL
zLif{s cGtu{t ljleGg sDkgLx?n] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{nfO{ 5'§f5'§} -;Ldf ggf3] klg_ o; ljj/0fdf b]vfpg'
kg]{5 .
ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M

138
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+=(=!@
======================== lnld6]8
cjlw cg';f/ efsf gf3]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_
@) ======= ;fn ======== dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
-?=nfvdf_
# dlxgfb]lv ^ ^ dlxgfb]lv ! ! jif{eGbf a9L
k|jflxt s'n efsf # dlxgf;Dd efsf gf3]sf]
dlxgf;Dd jif{ ;Dd efsf cjlwn] efsf
shf{ ggf3]sf] efsf gf3]sf] s"n shf{
shf{ If]q efsf gf3]sf] gf3]sf] gf3]sf]
shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{ shf{
/sd /sd /sd /sd /sd /sd /sd
;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof ;+Vof
!= s[lif / jg ;DaGwL
@= df5fkfng ;DaGwL
#= vfgL ;DaGwL
$= pTkfbg ;DaGwL
%= lgdf{0f
^= ljB't,UofF; tyf kfgL
&= wft'sf pTkfbgx?, d]lzg/L
tyf On]S6«f]lgs cf}hf/ tyf
h8fg
*= oftfoft, e+9f/ / ;+rf/
(= yf]s tyf v'b|f ljq]mtf
!)= ljQ, jLdf tyf crn ;DklQ
!!= xf]6n tyf /]i6'F/f
!@= cGo ;]jfx?
!#= pkef]Uo shf{
!$= :yfgLo ;/sf/
!%= cGo
hDdf

ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[t M

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
bhf{ M bhf{ M

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!#

=============================a}+s ln=
cGt/ a}+s sf/f]jf/ ljj/0f -b}lgs_
?=xhf/df
sf/f]jf/ ldlt sf/f]jf/ ePsf] a}+ssf] ;fk6L nufgL Aofhb/ cjlw s}lkmot
gfd -Borrowing_ -Lending_

hDdf /sd

tof/ ug]{ k]z ug]{

139
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf=g+= (=!$
=============================a}+s ln=
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0f
-?=xhf/df_
qm=;+= ljj/0f o; qodf; cl3Nnf] qodf; utjif{sf] ;DjlGwt qodf;
1= s'n k'FhL tyf bfloTj -!=! b]lv !=& ;Dd_
1=1 r'Qmf k'FhL
1=2 hu]8f tyf sf]ifx?
1=3 C0fkq tyf a08
1=4 ;fk6L
1=5 lgIf]k bfloTj -c + cf_
c= :jb]zL d'b|f
cf= ljb]zL d'b|f
1=6 cfos/ bfloTj
1=7 cGo bfloTj
2= s'n ;DklQ -@=! b]lv @=& ;Dd_
2=1 gub tyf a}+s df}Hbft
2=2 dfu tyf cNk ;"rgfdf k|fKt x'g]
2=3 nufgL
2=4 shf{ tyf ;fk6
c= l/on :6]6 shf{
cf= cfjf; u[x shf{
O= dflh{g k|s[ltsf] shf{
O{= cfjlws shf{
p= clwlasif{÷l6=cf/=÷rfn' k'FhL shf{
pm= cGo shf{
2=5 :yL/ ;DklQ
2=6 u}/a}lsÍ ;DklQ
2=7 cGo ;DklQ
3= gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj o; qodf;;Dd cl3Nnf] qodf;;Dd utjif{sf] ;DjlGwt qodf;;Dd
3=1 Aofh cfDbfgL
3=2 Aofh vr{
s v'b Aofh cfDbfgL -#=! – #=@_
3=3 lkm, sldzg / l8:sfp06
3=4 cGo ;~rfng cfDbfgL
3=5 ;6xL 36a9 cfDbfgL -v'b_
v s"n ;+rfng cfDbfgL -s+ #=# blv #=%_
3=6 sd{rf/L vr{
3=7 cGo ;~rfng vr{
u gf]S;fgL Joj:yf cl3sf] ;+rfng gfkmf -v – #=^ – #=&_
3=8 ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
# ;+rfng gfkmf -u – #=*_
3=9 u}/;~rfng cfDbfgL÷vr{ v'b
3=10 ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yfaf6 lkmtf{
ª lgoldt ls|ofsnfkaf6 gfkmf -3 +#=( +#=!)_
3=11 c;fdfGo sf/f]jf/af6 ePsf] cfDbfgL÷vr{ -v'b_
r jf]g; / s/ cl3sf] gfkmf -ª + #=!!_
3=12 sd{rf/L af]g; Joj:yf
3=13 cfos/ Joj:yf
% v'b gfkmf÷gf]S;fg -r – #=!@ – #=!#_
4= cg'kftx? o; qodf; cl3Nnf] qodf; utjif{sf] ;DjlGwt qodf;
4=1 k'FhLsf]if÷hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ
4=2 lgis[o shf{÷s'n shf{
4=3 ;Defljt gf]S;fgL Joj:yf÷s'n lgis[o shf{
4=4 k'FhLsf] nfut -Cost of Funds_
4=5 shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft -o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf]_

tof/ ug]{ k]z ug]{

140
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=!%

=============================a}+s ln=
ATM, 8]lj6 sf8{ / qm]l86 sf8{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_

ATM 8]lj6 sf8{ qm]l86 sf8{

cl3Nnf] cf=j= ;Ddsf]
;+Vof
o; cf=j= df yk
hDdf
ATM yk ePsf] :yfgsf]
ljj/0f
tof/ ug]{ k]z ug]{

g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=!^

==================================================a}+s ln=
zfvf sfof{no ;DaGwL ljj/0f -q}dfl;s_

qm=;+= zfvfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf lhNnf s}lkmot

hDdf

tof/ ug]{ k]z ug]{

141
 g]=/f=a}+s lgb]{zg kmf= g+= (=!&

g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 Ohfht lnO{ sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?n] dfl;s ?kdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu, ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu÷n3' ljQ ljefudf clgjfo{ ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{
tYofÍ ljj/0f
cf=j= ==============================dlxgf=========================
/sd ?= xhf/df
laj/)fx? ;+Vof÷/sd
ut cf=j= sf] cGTo;Ddsf]
sfo{If]q ePsf] lhNnf
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
s'n zfvf ;+Vof o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
sfo{If]qdf ePsf] uf= lj= ;= o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
s]Gb| ;+Vof o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
s'n sd{rf/L o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo;Ddsf]
;]jf k'u]sf] hg;+Vof o; dlxgfsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
;d"x ;+Vof
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
;s[o ;d"x ;+Vof
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
;b:o ;+Vof
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
;s[o ;b:o ;+Vof
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]

C)fL ;+Vof ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]

;s[o C)fL ;+Vof
;fwf/)f C)f nufgL
;fwf/)f ;f+jf c;'nL
;fwf/)f C)f af+sL
;fwf/)f C)f efsf gf#]sf]
;fwf/)f C)f shf{ gf]S;fgL Aoa:yf
;fwf/)f Aofh
cGo C)f nufgL
cGo ;f+jf c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo;Ddsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf] Aofh af+ls
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]

142

cGo C)f af+sL
cGo C)f efsf gf#]sf]
cGo C)f shf{ gf]S;fgL Aoa:yf
cGo Aofh
;d"x sf]if C)f nufgL
;d"x sf]if ;f+jf c;"nL
;d"x sf]if C)f af+sL
;d"x sf]if C)f efsf gf#]sf]
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ C)fL ;+Vof
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ nufgL
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ c;'nL
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ af+sL
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ efsf gf#]sf]
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf
;fgf tyf n#' shf{ Aofh
clgjfo{ art
:j]lR%s art
cGo art
s"n artstf{ ;+Vof
gf]6M tYofÍ pknAw x'g g;Sg] eP clgjfo{ ?kdf cg'dflgt tYofÍ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
tof/ ug]{
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf] Aofh af+sL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf ;Ddsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf ;Ddsf] Aofh af+ls
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] dfq
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf] Aofh af+sL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgfsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf] Aofh c;'nL
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf] Aofh af+sL
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
ut cf=j=sf] cGTo ;Ddsf]
o; dlxgfsf]
o; cf= j= sf] o; dlxgf;Ddsf]
k]z ug]{
143
 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ljefudf On]S6«f]lgs dfWod -Od]n_ dfkm{t
;d]t k7fpg' kg]{ tYofÍx? ;DaGwL ljj/0f
cg';"rL÷kmf/fd g+= ljifo tYofÍsf] k7fpg' kg]{ cjlw tYofÍ k7fpg' kg]{ ljefusf] gfd
lsl;d
!=! / !=@ k'+hLsf]if / hf]lvd efl/t ;DklQ dfl;s Ps dlxgfleq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
@=! shf{ ;fk6 / Joj:yf q}dfl;s Ps dlxgfleq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
@=@ / @=# u|fxs cg';f/ shf{ / u}/ a}ls+u q}dfl;s Ps dlxgfleq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
;DklQ / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .

lgb]{zg g+ # sf] a"Fbf & cfk;L ;DaGw ePsf u|fxssf] c4{–jflif{s Ps dlxgfleq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
cg';f/ shf{ ljj/0f
%=! t/ntf cg'udg ljj/0f q}dfl;s !% lbg leq . ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
%=@ Aofhb/ hf]lvd cg'udg ljj/0f q}dfl;s !% lbg leq . ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
%=# ljb]zL ljlgdo cg'udg ljj/0f ;fKtflxs & lbgleq ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
(=!, (=@, (=#, (=#-s_, dfl;s tYofÍ ljj/0f dfl;s !% lbg leq . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
(=$, (=&, (=* / (=( / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu -(=! sf]
xsdf cg';Gwfg ljefudf ;d]t_ .
(=%, (=^, (=!), (=!! q}dfl;s tYofÍ ljj/0f q}dfl;s !% lbg leq . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ (=!@ / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
(=!# cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/ ljj/0f b}lgs ef]lnkN6 !) a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu .
ah]leq
(=!$ Quarterly Financial Highlight
q}dfl;s #% lbg leq . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
(=!% ATM, 8]lj6 sf8{ / qm]l86 sf8{ q}dfl;s cjlw ;lsPsf] !% a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
;DaGwL ljj/0f lbg leq . / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
(=!& -3 ju{sf] n3' tYofÍ ljj/0f dfl;s k|To]s dlxgf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
ljQ ljsf; / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f / n3' ljQ
;dfKt ePsf] !%
a}+sx?sf nflu_ lbg leq ljefu .
!#=! clgjfo{ df}Hbft ljj/0f ;fKtflxs ;ft lbgleq ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
!#=@ -3 ju{sf] nflu_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft / t/ntf ljj/0f dfl;s !% lbg leq ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
(=!^ zfvf sfof{no ;DaGwL ljj/0f q}dfl;s !% lbg leq . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu .
Aofhb/ ljj/0f q}dfl;s & lbg leq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
/ ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu

gf]6M æ3Æ ju{sf n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?n] sf/f]jf/sf] k|s[ltsf] cfwf/df sf/f]jf/ ePsf ljj/0fx? dfq k7fpg ;Sg]5g\ . o;
lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ePb]lv afx]s o; a}+ssf] cGo ljefu÷sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fx? lgoldt ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

144
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !)÷)^&

laifoM ;+:yfks z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfk"mn] lnPsf] ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug]{
;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ;+:yfks / ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ lnPsf JolQmx?sf] d[To' ePdf jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s
c+za08f ePdf k|rlnt sfg'gsf] l/t k'¥ofO{ lghx?sf] xsbf/ jf lghx?n] OR5fPsf] JolQmsf] gfddf
gfd;f/L u/L ;f] sf] kGw| lbg leq o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
@= ;+:yfks tyf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwdf
k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL ;+:yfks tyf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ lng] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] cfˆgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ b]xfo adf]lhd l/t k'¥ofO{ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ M–
-s_ cfˆgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug'{ cufj} ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf dfk{mt
clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
t/, ;+:yfks ;+:yfks jLrdf z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL ePdf k|rlnt sfg'gsf] l/t k'¥ofO{ vl/b÷ljqmL
u/L ;f] sf] hfgsf/L !% lbg leq o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-v_ d[To' eO{ jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s c+zj08f eO{ xs x:tfGt/0f ePsf] afx]s cGo
cj:yfdf ;+:yfksn] cfˆg} ;d"xsf ;+:yfksnfO{ dfq z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd ;+:yfks ;d"xdf z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL x'g g;Sg] cj:yf ePdf dfq cGo
JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ o; lgb]{zgsf clwgdf /xL z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L
;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+:yf klg h'g ;d"xaf6 z]o/ gfd;f/L
jf vl/b u/L lnPsf] xf] ;f]xL ;d"xdf ;dfj]z x'g]5g\ .
-3_ b]xfosf] cj:yf ePsf] s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;+:yfksn] cfˆgf] :jfldTjsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf
laqmL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ M–
-!_ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf k/L ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf tLg jif{
gk'u]sf],
-@_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s jf afXo n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm /x]sf],
-#_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfg'gL jf cGo ;Nnfxsf/ kbdf axfn ePsf],
-$_ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu s'g} lsl;dsf] 7]Ssf k§fdf lx:;]bf/ /x]sf],
-%_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd s/ r'Qmf gu/]sf] jf :yfoL s/bftf n]vf gDj/ lgoldt gu/]sf],
-^_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxLdf a]OdfgL jf ablgot u/]sf] s'/f cbfntaf6
k|dfl0ft ePsf],
-&_ lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf, ;xsf/L ;+:yf,
t/, ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;+:yfks eO{ æ3Æ ju{sf] ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug{ jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-*_ ;DjlGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnPsf] . t/, o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æ3Æ
ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf of] k|fjwfg nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-(_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf sd z]o/ lnPsf] z]o/wgLn] yk
z]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L ln+bf lghsf] :jfldTjdf pQm Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf
k'FhLsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj x'g] cj:yf ePsf], jf
-!)_ kmd{, sDkgLsf] xsdf ljut @ jif{b]lv ;+lrt d'gfkmfdf ;+rfngdf g/x]sf] .

145
 -!!_ o; a}+sn] ;do ;dodf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks x'g tf]s]sf] Go"gtd of]Uotf /
cg'ej gePsf],
-ª_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ kmd{÷sDkgLsf] z]o/
:jfldTj s'g} klg lsl;dn] x:tfGt/0f ug{' cl3 ;f] kmd{ tyf sDkgLn] o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ sDkgLsf] z]o/ csf]{
s'g} sDkgLn] vl/b u/]sf] ePdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ klg s'g} klg lsl;dn] x:tfGt/0f ug'{cl3
o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
#= ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfn] bkmf ! / @ df
pNn]v ePsf] k|lqmof gk'¥ofO{ cfˆgf] :jfldTjsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
$= o; a}+sn] ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ :jLs[lt lbPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf leq cfˆgf]
:jfldTjsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlw kZrft\ ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ laqmL ug{
lbOPsf] :jLs[lt :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
%= o; a}+saf6 ljleGg ldltdf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ :jLs[lt lnP/ of] lgb]{zg hf/L
ePsf] ldlt;Dd klg z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/L g;s]sf z]o/wgLx?n] k'gM o; lgb]{zg cg'?ksf] k|lqmof
k"/f u/]/ dfq cfˆgf] :jfldTjsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
^= ;+:yfks jf ;f] ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] o; lgb]{zg ljkl/t x'g] u/L cfˆgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/]df o;/L lgb]{zg ljkl/t cfˆgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL
ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfx? lghx?n] cfˆgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/]sf] ldltn] sDtLdf kfFr jif{;Dd
csf]{ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]] ;+:yfks x'g tyf s'g} klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns x'g of]Uo x'g] 5}gg\ .
&= k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg kfngf ug]{÷u/fpg] ;Gbe{df a+}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] wf/0f u/]sf
;+:yfks z]o/, ;+:yfks – ;+:yfks jLrdf x:tfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yf cfO{ k/]df o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|lt
JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf tyf ;d"xsf] !% k|ltztsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L ePdf ;d]t vl/b ljqmL ug{ jfwf k'u]sf]
dflgg] 5}g . t/, o;/L wf/0f u/]sf z]o/ !% k|ltztsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L ePsf] cj:yfdf pQm z]o/ cfkm"n] wf/0f
u/]sf] ldltn] % jif{ leq ljqmL ljt/0f u/L clgjfo{ ?kdf !% k|ltztsf] ;Ldf leq NofO{ ;Sg' kg]{5 .
pk/f]Qm tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfleq sfod g/x]sf a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:Yffks z]o/wgLx?nfO{ pQm ;Ldfleq
gcfP;Dd ;DalGwt a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffaf6 ljt/0f x'g] gub nfef+;, af]g; z]o/ / xsk|b z]o/df
;xefuL x'g aGb]h nufOPsf] 5 .
*= ;+:yfkssf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+:yf klg ;+:yfksx?sf] ;d"xdf
/xg] u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf clgjfo{ ?kdf ;+zf]wg ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug{] ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf zt{x? k"/f u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
-s_ ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfO{kg]{ hf]lvd lgoGq0f Pj+ Joj:yfkg ug{] cfjZos
pkfox? cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ ;+:yfks z]o/sf] lwtf]df shf{ k|jfx ubf{ z]o/sf] k|rlnt ahf/ d"Nosf] clwstd %) k|ltzt;Dd
shf{ lbg ;lsg] 5 . t/, jhf/ d"No sd eO{ shf{ c;'/lIft ePsf] cj:yfdf yk ;'/If0fsf] Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] eGbf j9L shf{ lbg' k/]df cfwf/ v'nfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clws[tsf] :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq
shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;~rfns ;ldlt g} ;j}eGbf dflyNnf] clGtd tx dflgg]
5.
-u_ ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ To:tf] z]o/nfO{ u}/ a}+lsË ;DklQ (Non-Banking
Asset) df n}hfg kfO{g] 5}g / o;/L lwtf]jGws /flvPsf] ;+:yfks z]o/ e'QmfgL cjlw gf3]sf] ^
dlxgfleq k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL ljqmL u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
-3_ ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw ls6fg
ug'{kg]{ 5 / To:tf] cjlw Ps jif{ eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-ª_ ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf] aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ To:tf] shf{sf] k'g/;+/rgf / k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
-r_ ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf]aGws /fvL shf{ k|jfx ubf{ c;n shf{ jfx]s cGo cj:yfdf ztk|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

146
 -5_ tf]lsPsf] e'QmfgL cjlwdf shf{ r'Qmf gu/]df ;+:yfks÷;~rfnsnfO{ @! lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf
sfnf];"rL (Black Listing) df /fVg l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] ;DjGwL Joj:Yff C0f k|jfx ubf{ g}
C0fLnfO{ shf{ ;Demf}tf (Loan deed) df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-h_ dfly -s_ b]lv -5_ ;Dd plNnlvt Joj:yfx? a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] shf{ gLlt÷
ljlgoddf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt glnO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL u/]sf] nut
s§f u/L lbPdf To:tf ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g]5 .
!!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/df ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?af6 nufgL ug]{] ;DjGwdf
o; a}+saf6 O{hfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf jf Ohfhtkqsf] nflu gofF lgj]bg k]z x'g] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/df k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd ;+:yflkt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] ;+:yfut ?kdf
nufgL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, of] Joj:yf æ3Æ ju{sf n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+snfO{ nfu" x'g] 5}g .
!@= Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu z]o/ ljqmL cfJxfg u/L ljj/0fkq ;d]t hf/L u/L z]o/sf] z'?
lg:sf;g -Initial Public Offering_ sf] dfWodaf6 z]o/ wf/0f u/L sfod x'g cfPsf z]o/wgLx? afx]s
;+:yfks, ;+:yfks ;d"x / Private Placement sf] dfWodaf6 :jb]zL jf ljb]zL JolQm jf ;+:yfn] wf/0f
u/]sf]] z]o/ ;d]t o; a}+ssf] lgodg k|of]hgfy{ ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ ;/x dflgg]] 5 .
!#= ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ug{ egL 5'§ofOPsf] lwtf]kq ;DalGwt ;+:yfks, ;+rfns jf lghsf kl/jf/n] lng
kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, To:tf] lwtf]kqsf] b/vf:t v'Nnf /xg] egL tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq k"/f laqmL gePsf]
cj:yfdf eg] of] k|ltaGw nfu" x'g] 5}g .
!$= ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf z]o/wgLn] ;+:yfks ;d"x afx]s cGo ;d"xaf6 ;+rfnsdf
pDd]b\jf/L lbg kfpg] 5}g .
!%= b'O{ k|ltzteGbf 36L z]o/ vl/b ljqmL ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] b'O{ -@_ k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf sd z]o/ lnPsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf]
gfddf /x]sf] ;+:yfks z]o/ k|rlnt P]g sfg'g tyf b]xfosf zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL ljBdfg ;+:yfksx?aLr
jf cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ vl/b÷ljqmL ug{sf] nflu o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /xg' kg]{ 5}g . gofF
;+:yfksx?n] o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 / Fit and Proper Test sf] Joj:yfnfO{ kl/kfngf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
b'O{ k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf] xsdf eg] o; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+:yfks
z]o/ v08Ls[t u/L b'O{ k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf sd u/L o:tf] ;'lawf pkof]u ug{ kfO{g] 5}g . b'O{ k|ltzteGbf
a9L /sdsf] ;+:yfks z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf] xsdf ;fljs Joj:yf adf]lhd g} ;+:yfks
z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL ;DaGwL] :JfLs[lt o; a}+saf6} lbOg] 5 .
-s_= ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf] d[To' ePsf], jf k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd kfl/jfl/s c+zj08f ePdf jf
cbfntsf] cfb]z ePsf] cj:yfdf ;DjlGwt xsjfnfnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd x:tfGt/0f ug{
;lsg] 5 .
-v_= d[To' eO{ jf k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd kfl/jfl/s c+zj08f xs x:tfGt/0f ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s
;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] cfˆgf] ;+:yfks z]o/ x:tfGt/0f ubf{ ljBdfg ;+:yfks z]o/wgLnfO{ g}
k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{5 . ljBdfg ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?n] pQm z]o/ vl/b ug{ grfx]df ;f]sf] lnlvt
hfgsf/L lnO{ cGo ;d"x jf jfX\o JolQm÷;+:yfnfO{ j]rljvg ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ ;+:yfksx?sf]
lnlvt ;xdlt lng ;Dej gePdf ;DjlGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;:yf dfkm{t /fli6«o:t/sf] klqsfdf
sDtLdf #% lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L hfgsf/L u/fpg] / ;f] cjlwleq s;}n] vl/b ug{
rfx]sf] lnlvt hfgsf/L k]z x'g gcfPdf dfq k|rlnt sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL cGo JolQm÷;+:yfnfO{
ljqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_= ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm÷;+:yfnfO{ ;f]xL ;+:yfks ;d"xdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . Pp6f
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/ o; a}sjf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo s, v / u ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx? / ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] vl/b ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-3_= b]xfosf] JolQm÷;+:yf ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b÷laqmL ug]{ sfo{df ;xefuL x'g kfpg] 5}gg\,
• a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf ( / !! jdf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cjlw / zt{ k"/f
gu/]sf],
• a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 hf/L ePsf] z]o/sf] dfu /sd r'Qmf÷e'QmfgL gu/]sf],
• s'g} a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfdsf/jfxLdf a]OdfgL jf ablgot u/]sf] s'/f cbfntaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf],

147
 • shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] jf km's'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf # jif{
gk'u]sf],
• ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:Yffsf] n]vfk/LIfs, sfg'gL jf cGo ;Nnfxsf/ /x]sf],
• ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:Yff;+u s'g} lsl;dsf] 7]Ssf k§f, ljQLo :jfy{ /x]sf] jf shf{ sf/f]jf/
ul//x]sf],
• kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] s/ r'Qmf gu/]sf] jf n]vf gDa/ lgoldt gu/]sf],
• lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf /x]sf],
• ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL kl5 sfod x'g cfpg] s'n ;+:Yffksx?dWo] Ps ltxfO{ ;b:ox? :gfts
jf ;f] ;/xsf] of]Uotf k|fKt x'g'kg]{df ;f] cj:Yff ljBdfg /xg g;Sg] b]lvPsf],
• o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrf ;lxtsf] lgj]bg k]z gu/]sf / k|rlnt sfg'gn] cof]Uo 7x/ u/]sf] .
-ª_= ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ ePdf pQm ;+:yfsf] sfo{÷p2]Zodf z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL ug{ kfpg]÷gkfpg]
olsg u/L ljut @ cfly{s jif{b]lv ;+rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf] ljQLo ljj/0f Plsg u/]/ dfq ljqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
;fy}, pQm ;+ul7t ;+:Yffsf] ;+rfnsx? ;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-r_= s'g} JolQm kmd{, sDkgL, Psf3/ kl/jf/ jf ;+ul7t ;+:Yffjf6 ;+:Yffks z]o/df nufgL ubf{ o;
a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt s'g} Ps a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf a9Ldf !% k|ltzt / cGo a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?df r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf ! k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf /x]sf] x'Fbf ;f]
;DaGwL cj:yf ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] osLg u/]kl5 dfq ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL
sfo{ x'g;Sg]5 .
-5_= dfly v08 3, ª / r df plNnlvt cj:Yff k"/f eP gePsf] jf/] ;DjlGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns
;ldltn] cfFk}m osLg u/]/ dfq ;+:yfksx?sf] :jfldTj nut lstfjdf kl/jt{g u/fpg' kg]{5 .
;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b÷laqmL ;DaGwL :jLs[lt ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] g}
k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-h_= z]o/wgLx?n] vl/b÷ljqmL ug]{ ;+:yfks z]o/sf] d"No / ;DjlGwt lgsfox?df nfUg] s/, b:t'/, ;]jf
z'Ns k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd x'g]5 .
-em_= r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf a9L ;+:yfks z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] z]o/ 6'qmf 6'qmf u/L
jf Psd'i6 ljqmL ug{' k/]sf] v08df z]o/ ljqmL÷x:tfGt/0f jf gfd;f/L ;DaGwL k|s[of o; a}+saf6
:jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 dfq cl3 a9\g]5 .
-`_= s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfks z]o/ lwtf] /fvL shf{ lnPsf] cj:yfdf shf{ c;'nLsf kof{Kt
pkfox? cjnDag ubf{ ;d]t pQm shf{ c;'npk/ x'g g;sL pQm ;+:yfks z]o/ g} hkmt ug'{ kg]{
cj:yf l;h{gf x'g uPsf] cj:yfdf / k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/
laqmL ug'{kg]{ afWofTds cj:yfdf z]o/ ;+Vof / cf}lrTosf cfwf/df hkmt ul/Psf]÷afWofTds
?kdf ljqmL ug'{ kg]{ pQm ;+:yfks z]o/ ljqmL ug{sf nflu vl/bstf{sf] klxrfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf] k|s[of cjnDag ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
• ;+:yfks z]o/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf u/L af]nsaf]n -uf]Ko l;N86]08/_ sf] dfWodaf6 k|rlnt
sfg'g / g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] gLlt Pj+ lgb{]zg ljkl/t gx'g] u/L ;DalGwt a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf ljBdfg ;+:yfks z]o/wgL nufot cGo OR5's JolQm, kmd{ sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t
;+:yfnfO{ ljqmL ug{ vl/bstf{ 5gf}6 ug{,
• k|rlnt sfg'g tyf ljBdfg lgb{]zgdf ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd o;/L ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b ug{]
vl/bstf{ ;+:yfks ;d"xdf g} kg{] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpg] . ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/bstf{
klxrfg eO{;s]kl5 r'Qmf kF"hLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf 36L ;+:yfks z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;+:yfks
z]o/wgLsf] ;+:yfks z]o/sf] xsdf dfly -s_ df pNn]lvt k|s[of ckgfO{ z]o/ ljqmL jf
gfd;f/L ug{' kg{] . t/, r'[Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj wf/0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf
z]o/ ljqmL÷x:tfGt/0f jf gfd;f/L ;DaGwL k|s[of o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 dfq cl3
a9\g] .
-6_= ;+:yfks z]o/ laqm]tf shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t /lx/x]sf] eP To:tf] ;+:yfks
z]o/ ljqmLaf6 k|fKt x'g cfpg] /sd clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pkof]u ug'{ kg]{5 .

148
 -7_= plNnlvt Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL u/L gofF sfod ePsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?
;lxtsf] cBfjlws ljj/0f !% lbgleq o; a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-8_= dfly pNn]lvt k|s[of gk'¥ofO{ ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b÷laqmL ul/Psf] cj:Yffdf b]xfosf sf/jfxL x'g]5g\
• a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfM g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, P]g @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhd ;r]t u/fpg]
nufotsf cGo sf/jfxL . ljqm]tf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLsf xsdf h'g a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;+:yfks z]o/ xf] ;f]xL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hkmt ug{ ;Sg] .
• vl/b÷ljqmLstf{ MgofF ;+:yfkgf x'g] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/df nufgL ug{ /
s'g} klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnssf] ?kdf /xg vl/b÷ljqmL u/]sf] ldltn] %
jif{;Dd of]Uo gx'g] .
-9_= k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g / o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf gLlt lgb]{zgx?df s'g} kl/dfh{g ePdf ;f]xL
adf]lhd plNnlvt Joj:Yffdf kl/dfh{g ePsf] dflgg] 5 .
!^= %! k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ ljqmL ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf (-@_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfodf plNnlvt zt{x?sf]
cwLgdf /xL %! k|ltzteGbf a9L ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ :jfldTj /x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks
z]o/wgLx?n] rfx]df ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ :jfldTj slDtdf %! k|ltzt sfod /xg] u/L af+sL z]o/
;j{;fwf/0f z]o/ ;/x bf];|f] k'FhL jhf/ -Secondary Capital Market_ dfkm{t sf/f]jf/ ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ .
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ePsf] % jif{ k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ :jfldTj slDtdf %! k|ltzt sfod} /xg' kg]{5 .
-u_ %! k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf] z]o/ :jfldTj lwt]fkq ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8 dfkm{t vl/b÷
ljqmL÷kl/0ft ug{] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+:yfksx?sf] z]o/ nufgLsf] cg'kftdf ;dfg'kflts ?kdf
(Pro-rata basis) a9L x'g] z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf kl/0ft u/L k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd lwtf]kq ljlgdo
jhf/ lnld6]8 dfkm{t\ vl/b÷ljqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . xfn ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ePsf] % jif{ k"/f
u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; Joj:yf cg'?k z]o/ ljqmL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
t/, s'g} ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xdf /x]sf] z]o/wgLn] dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] z]o/x? csf]{
;d"xdf kl/0ft ug{ grfx]sf] egL :jM3f]if0ff ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] cj:yf /x]5 eg] afFsL /x]sf
;b:ox?n] ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ :jldTj %! k|ltzteGbf sd gx'g] u/L To:tf] z]o/
cg'kft pkof]u ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .
-3_ o; ;DjGwdf ;DjlGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ;lxt o; a}+saf6
:jLs[lt k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L :jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 cfufdL ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg u/L ;f]xL adf]lhd z]o/ ;+/rgf ldnfpg' kg]{5 . ;f] adf]lhd k|aGwkq
tyf lgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg geP;Dd o;/L vl/b÷ljqmL÷ kl/0ft x'g] z]o/sf] c+z ;+:yfks
;d"xdf g} /x]sf] dflgg] 5 .
-ª_ k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ubf{ ;~rfns ;ldltdf klg z]o/ :jfldTj cg'?k k|ltlglwTj x'g]
u/L ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-r_ Psk6s ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/df kl/0ft e};s]sf] z]o/ k'gM ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/df
kl/0ft ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-5_ ;+:yfks ;d"xdf /x]sf] z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/df kl/0ft u/L ljqmL ug]{ JolQm÷;+:yf sfnf];"rLdf
/x]sf] ePdf lghsf] z]o/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ljqmL ug{
kfOg] 5 . sfnf];"rLdf /x]÷g/x]sf] Joxf]/f ;DjlGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g} osLg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-h_ o; Joj:yf cg'?k ljqmL÷kl/0ft ug]{ sfo{ Psk6s dfq ug{ kfOg] 5 .
-em_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;~rfnssf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] cj:Yffdf ;d]t ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ o;
Joj:yf cg'?k ;j{;fwf/0fdf kl/0ft ug{ jfwfkg]{ 5}g . t/, vl/b÷ljqmL ;DjGwL k|lqmof k|rlnt
sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL ug'{ kg]{5 .
!&= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'FhL j[l¢ Pj+ k'FhL ;+/rgf kl/jt{g ug{ rfx]df b]xfosf zt{sf] clwgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg]
-s_ k'FhL j[l¢kl5 s'n k'FhLdf ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/ :jfldTjsf] cg'kft k'FhL j[l¢ cl3 sfod /x]sf]
;j{;fwf/0f z]o/ :jfldTjsf] cg'kfteGbf sdL gx'g] u/L dfq k'FhL j[l¢ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd cfly{s jif{ @)^$.^% b]lv @)&) cfiff9 d;fGt;Dddf tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf

149
 k'FhL k"/f ug'{kg]{ ;+:yf afx]ssf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] tof/ u/L k]z u/]sf]] k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/
tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL sfod ug{ Right Re-nounce ug]{ k|of]hg afx]s Ohfhkqk|fKt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL a[l4 ubf{ ;+:yfks ;d"xdf gofF z]o/wgL yk ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-u_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL j[l¢ Pj+ k'FhL ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g ug{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd
;DjlGwt ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef÷ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efjf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ o; sfo{sf nflu o; cl3 ;}¢flGts ;xdlt lbO;s]sf] cj:yfdf pQm ;}4flGts ;xdltdf
pNn]lvt zt{sf] clwgdf /xL sfof{Gjog ug{ eg] o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-ª_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf]
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !)÷)^^ sf] a'Fbf g+= !^ -a}=lj=lg=lj=÷gLlt÷kl/kq÷#÷)^%.^^ ldlt @)^%.$.@*
sf] kl/kq_ df ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ;+:yfks z]o/sf] cg'kft yk ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= !& cg';f/sf] ;+:yfks z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fdf kl/jt{g÷
kl/0ft ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . ;fy}, ;f] sf] clen]vsf nflu z]o/ k'l:tsfdf clen]vLs/0f u/L k|To]s
cfly{s jif{sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf pQm ljifo v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
!*= Cross Holding u/L nufgL ul//x]sf] ;+:yfks z]o/ ljqmL ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf $* sf] pkbkmf -!_ -5_ sfof{Gjog ug]{÷u/fpg]
l;nl;nfdf ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf (-@_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf zt{x?df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?n]
cfk;df Cross-holding x'g] u/L nufgL u/]sf] ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ lwtf]kq ljlgdo jhf/ dfkm{t
vl/b÷ljqmL ug{] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf nufgLdf /lx/x]sf] ;+:yfks÷
;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo jhf/ dfkm{t vl/b÷ljqmL ug{ ;Sg] u/L 5'6 k|bfg
ul/Psf] .
-@_ ;+:yfks z]o/ gfd;f/L jf ljqmL ubf{ ljBdfg ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf] ?kdf /lx/x]sf cGo
;b:ox?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ ljBdfg PsLs[t lgb]{zg g+= !) sf] Joj:Yff o; k|of]hgsf] nflu
nfu" gx'g] .
-#_ g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo jhf/ dfkm{t z]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm÷;+:yf ;d]t ;+:yfks ;d'xdf g} sfod
/xg] .
-$_ ;+:Yffks ;d"xsf] z]o/ vl/bstf{ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| ln= sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] x'g'kg]{ /
k|rlnt sfg'g tyf o; a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf lgb]{zg jdf]lhd ;+:yfks z]o/÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf]
z]o/ vl/b ug{ cof]Uo gePsf] :jM3f]if0ff (Self Declaration) z]o/ vl/b ubf{sf] cj:Yffdf g} k]z
ug'{ kg]{ .
-%_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df cfkm"n] nufgL
u/]sf] ;+:yfks z]o/ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd clgjfo{?kdf j]rljvg u/L ;Sg' kg]{ .
-^_ z]o/ vl/b ljqmL ;DjGwL cGo Aoj:yf tyf k|s[ofsf ;DjGwdf k|rlnt sfg'g cg';f/ g} x'g] .
-&_ lwtf]kq ljlgod jhf/ dfkm{t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] vl/b÷ljqmL u/]sf ;+:yfks z]o/x? lwtf]kq
ljlgdo ahf/ dfkm{t k'gM vl/b ljqmL ug ;lsg] . t/ o;/L z]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm÷;+:yfx?
;DalGwt ;+:yfks ;d"xd} /xg] .
-*_ o;/L JolQm tyf ;+:yfn] k'gM z]o/ vl/b÷ljqmL ug]{ ;DaGwdf dfly pNn]lvt pka'Fbf g+= % df
pNn]v ePsf] Joj:yf afx]ssf cGo ;Dk"0f{ a'Fbfsf Joj:yfx? cfslif{t x'g] .
!(= Cross Holding ljqmL u/]kl5 dfq nfef+; km's'jf ug]{
!(=! Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cGo Ohfhkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df u/]sf] ;+:yfks
z]o/ nufgL -Cross Holding_ @)^% cfiff9d;fGtleq -k'gM @)^% r}qd;fGt;Dd Dofb yk ul/Psf]_ leq
laqmL -Divest_ u/L ;Sg'kg]{ tyf @)^% r}qd;fGtleq Right Renounce ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ePsf]df pQm
Joj:yfsf]] kfngf gu/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
s= ;+:yfks z]o/ nufgL -Cross Holding_ cGTo ug]{ ;DaGwL gLltut Joj:yf kfngf gu/]sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] xsk|b z]o/ vl/b ug{ gkfpg], gub nfef+;, af]g; z]o/nfO{ /f]Ssf /fVg] / /f]Ssf
/flvPsf] jf]g; z]o/ nufot ;j} Cross Holding ljqmL -Divest_ u/]kl5 dfq gub nfef+; km's'jf
ul/g] 5 .

150
 v= tf]lsPsf] ;do leq klg a]rljvg gu/]sf ;+:yfnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf]
bkmf &$ adf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
!(=@ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# afx]s cGo k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd :yfkgf eO{ lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf
shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt -æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf_ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/df u/]sf] nufgL @)^% cfiff9d;fGtleq ljqmL gu/]sf] ePdf To:tf] ;+:yfks z]o/df
nufgL u/]sf ;+:yfnfO{ xsk|b z]o/÷gub nfef+; ljt/0f ug{ gkfOg], af]g; z]o/nfO{ /f]Ssf /fVg] / /f]Ssf
/flvPsf] jf]g; z]o/ nufot ;j} Cross Holding ljqmL -Divest_ u/]kl5 dfq gub nfef+; km's'jf ug'{ kg]{5 .
@)= xsk|b z]o/ ;DaGwdf
!= xsk|b z]o/ laqmL ;DaGwdf
-s_ tf]lsPsf] k'FhLsf]if cg'kft sfod u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] xsdf xsk|b z]o/ hf/L
ubf{ a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf & -!_ adf]lhd ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ljqmL
ljt/0f ul/Psf] z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ s'g} z]o/wgLn] vl/b gu/]df jf z]o/ vl/b ug]{ xs c¿nfO{
laqmL jf x:tfGt/0f gu/]df To;/L laqmL x'g g;s]sf] xsk|b z]o/sf] c+z v08 -u_ df pNn]lvt
cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf :jtM vf/]h ug'{ kg]{]5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug'{ k/]sf] cj:yfdf k|To]s jif{ ;dfg'kflts ¿kdf r'Qmf k'FhL
j[l4 ub]}{ n}hfg' kg]{ o; a}+ssf] k|fjwfg kfngf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu To:tf] vf/]hL ug'{ k/]sf]
z]o/sf] /sdsf] xb;DdnfO{ cfufdL jif{df ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-u_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd :jtM vf/]h ug'{k/]sf] sf/0faf6 k|rlnt sfg'gL tyf gLltut Joj:yf
adf]lhd z]o/ :jfldTj ;+/rgfdf k|lts'n c;/ kg]{ cj:yf ePdf dfq To:tf] z]o/sf] c+z
;fj{hlgs ;"rgf dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs af]nsjf]nsf] cfwf/ (Public Auction Basis) df Go"gtd
k|lt z]o/ d"No ?= !)) tf]sL ljqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L ;fj{hlgs af]nsjf]nsf] dfWodåf/f
ljqmL ubf{ k|lt z]o/ ?= !)) eGbf a9L k|fKt x'g cfpg] /sd -Premium_ nfO{ ;DjlGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] 5'6\6} Share Premium zLif{s cGt{ut b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"x cGtu{tsf] ljqmL x'g g;s]sf] o:tf] xsk|b z]o/sf] c+z k|rlnt
Joj:yf cg'?k ljBdfg ;+:yfksx?nfO{ ljqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5 . cGo gofF JolQmx?nfO{ ljqmL
ug'{kbf{ o; a}+ssf] k"j{ l:js[lt lnPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . o; k|s[ofaf6 z]o/ vl/b ug]{ JolQm÷;+:yf
k|rlnt Joj:yf cg';f/ of]Uotf k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-ª_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] xsk|b z]o/ lgisfzg ubf{ ;fljssf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?n]
vl/b ug{ kfpg] xsk|b z]o/sf] ;Dk"0f{ jf cf+lzs xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ rfx]df k|rlnt sfg'g
adf]lhd k|jGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf u/L r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @ k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf sd z]o/
lnPsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLsf] xsdf ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] b]xfosf zt{sf] clwgdf /xL]
xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg]] / @ k|ltzteGbf dfly z]o/ :jfldTj ePsfsf] xsdf o; a}+ssf] k"j{
:jLs[lt lnO{ xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!= ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf] xsk|b z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f cfˆg} ;d"x÷pk;d"xsf
;+:yfksnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{5 . o;/L xs x:tfGt/0f ubf{ cfˆg}
;d"x÷pk;d"xdf z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ljBdfg cGo
;+:yfksnfO{ bf];|f] k|fyldstf lbO{ xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5 . xsk|b z]o/sf] xs
x:tfGt/0f ljBdfg ;+:yfksx?aLrdf g} x'g] ePdf o; a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg
cGt/ut /xL nufgLsf] ;|f]t / s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] ljifo;d]t x]/L ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo
;+:yfn] g} xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
pko'{Qm adf]lhd ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf] xsk|b z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f cfˆg}
;d"x÷pk;d"xsf ;+:yfksnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbFbf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof
ckgfpg' kg]{ u/L :ki6 ul/Psf] 5 M
• xsk|b z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ rfxg] z]o/wgLn] laqmL d"No tf]sL xs
x:tfGt/0f ug{ rfx]sf] lgj]bg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
• o;/L lgj]bg k]z u/]kl5 & lbgsf] ;do tf]sL ;+:yfn] klxnf] k|fyldstfdf
k/]sf z]o/wgLnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .

151
 • o;/L klxnf] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf z]o/wgL]n] & lbgleq ;f] d"Nodf xs lng
grfx]df cGo ;+:yfksnfO{ a}+sn] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
• tTkZrft cGo ;+:yfksnfO{ bf];|f] k|fyldstf lbO{ xs x:tfGt/0f ug{
;lsg]5 .
@= v08 -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yfks ;d"xdf z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f x'g g;Sg] cj:yf
ePdf dfq cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ o; lgb]{zgsf clwgdf /xL z]o/sf] xs
x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f u/L lng]
JolQm jf ;+:yf klg h'g ;d"x÷pk;d"xaf6 z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f u/L lnPsf] xf]
;f]xL ;d"x÷pk;d"xdf ;dfj]z x'g] 5 .
#= k|:tfljt ;+:yfks z]o/wgL o; a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg cg';f/ ;+:yfks z]o/wgLsf]
nflu tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf -Fit & Proper Test) k"/f ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
$= k|:tfljt ;+:yfks z]o/wgL shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf gk/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
%= k|:tfljt ;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] cfkm\gf] nufgLsf] ;|f]t v'Ng] sfuhftsf ;fy} kl5Nnf]
cfly{s jif{sf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0fkq /÷jf s/ bflvnf u/]sf] lg:;f ;d]t k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
^= plNnlvt Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL xsk|b z]o/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] ljj/0f o;
a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-r_ v08 -s_ b]lv -ª_ ;Dd h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns,
sfo{sf/L k|d'v, n]vfk/LIfs, ;lrj jf a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf n]vf ;DaGwL
sfo{df k|ToIf ?kn] ;+nUg JolQmn] To:tf] kbdf axfn /xFbfsf avt jf To:tf] kb 5f8]sf]
sDtLdf Ps jif{;Dd ;DalGwt a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] xsk|b z]o/
cGo s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ xs x:tfGt/0f ul/lbg jf cGo s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfaf6
xs x:tfGt/0f :jLsf/ ul/lng x'Fb}g .
@= xsk|b z]o/df k"j{ nufgL ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k'FhL kof{Kttf sfod ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ;+:yfksx?n] xsk|b
z]o/ -Right Share_ df k"j{nufgL ug{ rfx]df lgDg zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-s_ k'FhL j[l4 ;DaGwL k|:tfj ;DjlGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6 lg0f{o eO;s]sf] x'g'
kg]{ .
-v_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ k'FhLsf]if cg'kft k'¥ofpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?af6
clu|d ?kdf ;+sng u/]sf] /sd Calls in Advance zLif{sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{ / To;/L hDdf
ul/Psf] /sdnfO{ a}s÷laQLo ;+:yfn] To;kl5sf] xsk|b z]o/ -Right Share_ hf/L ubf{sf]
cj:yfdf clgjfo{ ?kdf ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 . To;}u/L, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf z]o/wgL -
;+:yfks÷;j{;fwf/0f ;d"x_ x?n] o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] cfkm\gf] k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/
;dfg'kflts ?kdf k'FhL k'/\ofpg' kg]{ ;DjlGwt cfly{s jif{ leqdf g} xsk|b z]o/ jfkt /sd
hDdf ul/;s]sf] t/ z]o/ af+8kmf+8 gePsf] sf/0f ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{df r'Qmf k'FhL zLif{sdf
;dfof]hg x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] /sdnfO{ ;d]t z]o/ jfkt clu|d ?kdf ;+sng u/]sf]
/sdnfO{ Calls in Advance zLif{sdf b]vfpg ;lsg] 5 . o;/L cu|Ld ?kdf ;+slnt k'FhL
/sdnfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ ;dfg'kftLs ?kdf j[l4 ub}{ hfg' kg]{ r'Qmf k'FhLdf u0fgf
ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu ;d]t ;dfa]z ug{ ;lsg] .
-u_ o;/L cu|Ld ?kdf z]o/df nufgL ubf{ ;DalGwt ;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] cfkm\gf] c+z -Share_
;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ ;Sg] .
-3_ o:tf] Calls in Advance sf] ;6\6fdf s'g} k|sf/sf] ;'ljwf, C0f lbg jf lwtf] /fVg gkfOg] .
-ª_ o:tf] Calls in Advance df s'g} k|sf/sf] Aofh lng÷lbg gkfOg] / z]o/ k'FhL jfkt ul/g]
To:tf] clu|d z]o/ nufgL /sdnfO{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf lkmtf{ e'Qmfg ug{, lemSg jf 36fpg -
Divestment_ gkfOg] . ;fy}, o:tf] /sd r'Qmf k'FhLdf n]vf+sg geP;Dd o;df nfef+; lbg
gkfOg] .
-r_ xsk|b z]o/df ul/g] k"j{ nufgL /sdnfO{ To;kl5sf] xsk|b z]o/ lgisf;g -Right Share
Issue_ ;+u cfj4 -Tie- up_ ug'{ kg]{ .
-5_ o;/L cu|Ld ?kdf ;+slnt k'FhL /sdnfO{ Calls in Advance zLif{sdf b]vfpg' kg]{ / o;df

152
 hDdf ePsf] /sdn] vfd]df zfvf vf]Ng] k|of]hgfy{ cfjZos kg]{ cltl/Qm k'FhLsf] k|of]hgsf]
nflu ;d]t r'Qmf k'FhL ;/x g} dfGotf k|bfg ul/g] .
-h_ xsk|b z]o/df k"j{ nufgL eP klg xsk|b z]o/ lgZsf;g ubf{ k'/f ug'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ k|s[of /
ljBdfg Joj:yf kfngf u/]sf]] x'g' kg]{ .
@!= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks z]o/ gfd;f/L jf laqmL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !)÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd
hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

153
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !!÷)^&

laifoM– ;x–ljQLos/0f shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] ;x–ljQLos/0f (Consortium Financing) cGt/ut k|jfx ug]{ shf{nfO{
Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L
b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ;x–ljQLos/0f shf{sf] kl/efiff
laifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgb]{zgdf ;x–ljQLos/0f shf{ eGgfn] b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfk;L ;dembf/Lsf] cfwf/df ;+emf}tf u/L s'g} Pp6f u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgLnfO{ jf
kl/of]hgfsf] nflu k|jfx ug{] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
@= ;xljQLos/0f -Consortium_ ;DaGwdf
;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t k|jfx ePsf shf{ pkef]u ug]{ kmd{÷sDkgLn] cu'jf a}+s tyf ;xefuL a}+sx?;Fu dfq
a}+lsË sf/f]af/ ug'{ kg]{5 . of] Joj:yf Loose Consortium shf{df klg ;dfg?kn] nfu" x'g]5 . t/, Ps k6s
;xljQLos/0f ;d"x u7g eO;s]kl5 ;f] ;d"xsf] ;xdlt lnO{ gofF ;b:onfO{ k|j]z u/fpg of] Joj:yfn]
afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
Loose Consortium eGgfn] …;xljQLos/0f ;d"x u7g gu/L Pp6f kl/of]hgfsf] nflu kfl/kf;'sf] dfWodaf6
;'/If0f sfod /xg] u/L b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|jfx u/]sf]÷ug]{ shf{ ;fk6 tyf
;'ljwfÚ eGg] ;Demg'k5{ .
#= ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xeflutfsf] nflu cfjZos zt{
-!_ o; a}+saf6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] dfq ;x–ljQLos/0fdf efu lng kfpg]
5g\ .
t/ sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if, gful/s nufgL sf]if / aLdf sDkgLnfO{ o; a}+saf6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cu'jf ;+:yf x'g] u/L u7g x'g] ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xdf ;xefuL e} shf{ k|jfx
ug{ of] Joj:yfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f:– o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf]nflu æcu'jf ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xn] cu'jf ;+:yf egL
rog u/]sf] s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zdf plNnlvt ;+:yf afx]ssf cGo ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;x–
ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL u/fOPdf o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
$= cGo ;+:yfn] C0f k|jfx ug{ / u|fxssf] vftf vf]Ng aGb]h
-!_ ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL gePsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xåf/f k|jflxt shf{df
yk x'g] u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
t/, ljz]if sf/0f k/]df ;x-ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ To:tf] ;d"xdf ;xefuL gePsf] s'g}]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;xljQLos/0f ;d"xåf/f k|jflxt shf{df yk x'g] u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf] shf{
;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{ kfpg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f:- o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf]nflu æ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xÆ eGgfn] ;x–ljQLos/0fdf
;xefuL ;+:yfx?sf] ;d"x ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ ;x–ljQLos/0fsf] Joj:yf cGtu{t shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf lnPsf]] s'g} u|fxs, kmd{, sDkgL jf
kl/of]hgfsf] To:tf] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] vftf ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:o afx]ssf cGo
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf vf]Ng kfOg] 5}g .
t/, To:tf] vftf ljz]if sf/0fj; cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf vf]Ng' kg]{ kl/l:ylt k/]df ;x–
ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ vf]Ng ;lsg]5 .

154
%= shf{ ljt/0fsf] lg0f{o ug]{ ;dofjlw
shf{sf] nflu lgj]bg k/L ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"x u7g eO{ cu'jf ;+:yfsf] rog ;d]t eO;s]kZrft\ gAa]
lbgleq ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL x'g] cu'jf ;+:yf tyf ;xefuL ;b:ox?n] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx
ug]{ jf gug]{ ;DaGwdf lg0f{o lbO ;Sg' kg]{5 .
^= ;xefuL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] rog
;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL x'g] cGo ;b:ox?sf] rog ug]{ clwsf/ C0fL / lghn] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf]
nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ x'g]5 .
t/, Psk6s ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"x u7g eO{;s]kl5 ;f] ;d"xsf] ;xdlt lagf gofF ;b:onfO{ k|j]z u/fpg
kfOg] 5}g .
&= ;xljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] u7g
a'Fbf g+= % jdf]lhd rog ePsf ;Dk"0f{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{' cl3 ;x–
ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL x'g] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"x u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] ;d"xsf]
cfGtl/s sfo{ljlw ;d"x :jo+n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
*= cu'jf ;+:yfsf] rog
;a}eGbf a9L shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] c+z nufgL ug{ OR5's, u|fxs;Fu nfdf] cjlwb]lv kl/lrt, ;x–
ljQLos/0fdf cg'ej k|fKt tyf Jofj;flos ;Nnfx lbg] ;Ifdtf cflbsf] cfwf/df ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf
;b:on] cfkm"dWo]af6 s'g} Ps Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ cu'jf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf rog ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= shf{ ljt/0f tyf c;'nL cu'jf ;+:yfaf6 ug'{ kg]{
;x–ljQLos/0f cGtu{t shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ubf{ / ;f]sf] ;fFjf / Aofh c;'nL ubf{ cu'jf ;+:yf
dfkm{t\ ug'{ kg]{5 . ls:tf ;fFjf tyf Aofh cfFlzs ?kdf c;'nL ePsf] cj:yfdf nufgLsf] cg'kftdf
bfdf;fxLn] jfF8kmfF8 ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= cu'jf ;+:yfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
cu'jf ;+:yfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] cu'jf tyf k|ltlglw -Ph]G6_ sf] ?kdf sfd ug]{,
-v_ ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf aLrdf ;dGjo ug]{ / cfjZos kqfrf/ ug]{,
-u_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] a}7s slDtdf ltg dlxgfdf Ps k6s clgjfo{ ?kdf af]nfpg],
-3_ s'g} ljz]if sf/0f k/L ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] s'g} ;b:on]] ;d"xsf] a}7s af]nfpg dfu u/]df kGw|
lbg leq a}7s af]nfpg],
-ª_ kl/of]hgf ljZn]if0f ug{], k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ / ;f] k|ltj]bgsf] k|lt ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL
;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-r_ kl/of]hgfsf] nflu cNksfnLg shf{ dfu ePdf ;f]sf] cfjZostfsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{,
-5_ ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;+emf}tfsf
zt{x? tof/ ug]{ / To:tf zt{x?sf] Ps÷Ps k|lt ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-h_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ug{sf nflu cfjZos sfuhft tof/ kfg]{,
-em_ lwtf] /f]Ssf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] tyf jLdf nufotsf nufgL ;'/lIft ug]{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x?
ug]{ ,
-`_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftx? ;'/lIft /fVg] / To:tf sfuhftx?sf]
k|ltlnlk ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-6_ ;do–;dodf C0fLaf6 cfjZos tYofÍ tyf cGo ;"rgfx? k|fKt ug]{ / ;f] ;"rgfx? ;a} ;xefuL
;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg],
-7_ ;do ;dodf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] ;xeflutfdf kl/of]hgfsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f ug]{ / lg/LIf0f
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ tyf ;f] k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg]],
-8_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx ul/Psf] kl/of]hgfsf] ;do ;dodf sfo{;Dkfbgsf] d"NofÍg u/L ;f]sf]
hfgsf/L ;a} ;b:ox?nfO{ u/fpg],
-9_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;"rgfx? k7fpg], ;x–ljQLos/0fsf jf/]df
cu'jf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf / cGo ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] tk{maf6 ;d]t o; a}+sdf cfjZos kqfrf/ ug]{ /
;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?nfO{ lbg],

155
 -0f_ C0f gltg]{ C0fL pk/ s'g} lsl;dsf] sfg'gL sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{ cj:yf cfPdf ;x–
ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf]] a}7saf6 ;f]sf] lg0f{o u/fO{ cfjZos sfg'gL sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg],
-t_ cfˆgf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]afkt C0fL ;d]tsf] ;xdltdf ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xn] lg0f{o u/] adf]lhd
;]jf z'Ns lng ;Sg],
-y_ ;x–ljQLos/0f cGtu{t nufgL ug{ sa'n u/]sf] /sd s'g} ;b:oaf6 ljt/0f ug{ l9nfO{ e} ;f] /sd
;xefuL ;b:osf] tk{maf6 cu'jf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] k|ltu|fxs shf{ ;Ldfleq /xL k|jfx u/]df ;fFjf
/sd / l9nfO{ u/]hlt cjlwsf] Aofh tyf ;xljQLos/0f ;d"x jLrsf] ;xdltdf lgwf{/0f ul/P
adf]lhd xhf{gf ;d]t l9nfO{ ug]{ ;xefuL ;b:oaf6 c;'npk/ ug{;Sg],
-b_ ;x–ljQLos/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpFbf x'g] ljleGg vr{ nufot C0f gltg]{ C0fL pk/ sfg'gL sf/jfxL
cufl8 a9fpFbf x'g] vr{ C0fLaf6 c;'n x'g g;s]df ;a} ;xefuL ;b:ox?af6 nufgL ul/Psf] shf{
/sdsf] cg'kftdf c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg],
-w_ shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug'{ cl3 shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|af6 C0fLsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;"rgf
lng'kg]{ / o;/L ;"rgf lnFbf To:tf] C0fL sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] jf lghn] s'g} shf{ oyf;dodf r'Qmf
gu/]sf] ePdf shf{ k|jfx ug{ gkfOg],
-g_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd C0fLnfO{ oyf;dodf shf{ ;fk6 tyf
;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] .
-k_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ cGo cfjZos sfd
sf/jfxL ug]{,
!!= ax'dtsf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g]
;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf aLr s'g} ljifodf dt}Sotf x'g g;s]df ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o lng' kg]{5
/ To:tf] dtsf] u0fgf ubf{ shf{ nufgLsf] k|ltztsf] cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 . sy+sbflrt dt a/fa/ ePdf
cu'jf ;+:yfn] lg0ff{os dt lbg kfpg] 5 .
!@= ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] bfloTj tyf st{Jo
;xefuL ;b:ox?sf] bfloTj tyf st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ cu'jf ;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] tk{maf6 ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL sfdsf/jfxL ug]{ :jLs[lt kq -d~h'/Lgfdf_
lbg],
-v_ cu'jf ;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg],
-u_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL a}7sdf ;qmLo?kn] efu lng],
-3_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] a}7saf6 cf}krfl/s ?kdf shf{, ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf lbg] lg0f{o eO{ ;s]kl5
;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;+emf}tfsf zt{x?df pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ zt{x?sf] kfngf ug]{,
-ª_ ;x–ljQLos/0fsf] efjgfnfO{ sb/ u/L oyf;So ;a} lg0f{ox?df dt}So x'g] u/L cfk;L ljjfbx?
;dfwfg ug{ k|of; ug]{,
-r_ s'g} Ps ;b:on] csf]{ ;b:osf] clxt x'g] u/L cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k"lt{ x'g] s'g} sfd sf/jfxL gug]{],
-5_ cfk"mn] k|jfx ug]{ shf{ :jLs[t u/]kl5 cu'jf ;+:yfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ oyf;dodf ;f] /sd pknAw
u/fpg],
-h_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;a} sfd sf/jfxL kf/bzL{?kdf u/L shf{ / C0fL;+u ;DalGwt s'g} klg
;"rgf Ps cfk;df cfbfg–k|bfg ug]{,
-em_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] a}7sn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog oyfzL3| ug]{,
-`_ s'g} klg ;b:on] s'g} kl/of]hgfdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L /sd nufgL ug{, PstkmL{ ?kdf shf{
c;'nL ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxL ug{ / ;f] shf{sf] leGg lsl;dn] juL{s/0f ug{ gkfpg],
-6_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd C0fLnfO{ oyf;do shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwf
pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ .
!#= yk shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;x–ljQLos/0f cGt/ut k|jflxt shf{df s'g} C0fLnfO{ yk shf{ k|bfg ug'{ k/]df b]xfosf cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ C0fLsf] cfjZostfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xn] dfq yk shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf
/sd k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] . o;/L k|bfg ug{ lg0f{o ePsf] yk shf{ /sd ;a}
;b:ox?n] cf–cfkm"n] k"j{ k|jfx u/]sf] /sdsf] cg'kftdf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ .

156
 -v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd yk shf{ k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o eP kZrft\ s'g} ;xefuL ;b:on] cfkm"n] k|jfx ug'{
kg]{] yk /sd k|jfx ug{ c;dy{tf hgfPdf afFsL ;b:ox? Jff afFsL ;b:ox?sf] ;xdltaf6 cGo
s'g} ;b:on] To:tf] af+sL /sd ;d]t k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] jf yk nufgLsf nflu ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf]]
;xdltdf C0fLsf] ;d]t ;xdlt lnO{ gofF ;b:onfO{ ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] .
-u_ C0fLnfO{ yk shf{ jf ;'ljwfsf] cfjZostf k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;x–ljQLos/0fdf ;+nUg ;+:yfx?n]
shf{ jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf k/]df ;f] sf] lnlvt hfgsf/L C0fLnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!$= ;x–ljQLos/0faf6 x6\g ;Sg] cj:yf
-!_ kl/of]hgf ;+rfngdf cfO;s]kl5 b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dfq ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"x 5f]8\g ;lsg] 5 M–
-s_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"x 5f]8\g OR5's ;b:osf] lx:;f cGo ;b:on] lng d~h'/ u/]df,jf
-v_ laBdfg ;b:ox?sf] ;xdltdf gofF ;b:onfO{ cfˆgf] lx:;f laqmL u/]df .
-@_ ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"x 5f]8\g] ;b:osf] lx:;f :jLsf/ ug]{ s'g} klg ;b:on] k'/fgf] ;b:osf] ;Dk"0f{
bfloTj jxg ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;x–ljQLos/0f 5f]8\g rfxg] ;b:on] cfˆgf] lx:;f l8:sfp06 jf
lk|ldoddf ;d]t laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pka'Fbf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xdf k|j]z ul/;s]kl5 s'g} klg
;b:on] ;DalGwt kl/of]hgf ;+rfngdf cfpg'k"j{ ;f] ;d"xaf6 x6\g kfpg] 5}g .
!%= n]vfk/LIfs jf k/fdz{bftf lgol'Qm ug{ ;Sg]
C0fLsf] ljQLo l:ylt ;do–;dodf d"NofÍg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xn] cfˆgf] tk{maf6
:jtGq n]vfk/LIfs jf k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L lgo'Qm n]vfk/LIfs jf k/fdz{bftfsf] vr{
cfkm"n] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ nufgLsf] cg'kftdf ;x–ljQLos/0f ;d"xsf k|To]s ;b:on] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 .
!^= ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f
cu'jf ;+:yfn] lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !!=! jdf]lhd ;x–ljQLos/0f ;DaGwL k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cflZjg, kf}if, r}q
/ cfiff9 d;fGtsf] ljj/0f qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbg leq o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'k/Lj]If0f ljefudf clgjfo{ ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!&= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ;x–ljQLos/0f shf{ ;+aGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !!÷)^^ af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt
;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !!=!

======================= lnld6]8 -cu'jf a}+s_
;x–ljQLos/0f shf{ ljj/0f
@)^======== ;fn ===================== dlxgfsf] -q}dfl;s ljj/0f_
k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ e'StfgL yk shf{ k|bfg c;'nL /sd afFsL /sd
l;= ;d"xsf] gfd C0fLsf] /sd ldlt /sd ldlt ;fFjf Aofh ;fFjf Aofh s}lkmot
g+= gfd, ldlt
7]ufgf

;+nUg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f s}lkmot dxndf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

157
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !@÷)^&

ljifo M shf{ ;"rgf tyf sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] shf{ k|jfxdf z'4tf / pko'Qmtf sfod ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;f]
;DaGwL ;"rgf Joj:yf / oyf;dodf shf{ gltg]{ C0fLx?sf] sfnf];"rL tof/ ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lgoldt tyf Jojl:yt
u/L Pp6} :yfgaf6 ;"rgf k|fKt x'g] Joj:yf ug{ jf~5gLo ePsfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf ** sf]
k|of]hgsf] nflu ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf &( / g]kfn /fi6« a}+s shf{ ;"rgf ljlgodfjnL, @)%( sf] ljlgod & n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
1. shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| ;DaGwL Joj:yf
sDkgL P]g, @)^# cGtu{t ;+:yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| ln= nfO{ g} g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g,
@)%* sf] bkmf ** / g]kfn /fi6« a}+s shf{ ;"rgf ljlgodfjnL, @)%( sf] ljlgod # adf]lhdsf] shf{
;"rgf s]Gb| -o;kl5 s]Gb| elgPsf]_ tf]lsPsf] 5 .
2. s]Gb|df C0fL -u|fxs_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{
@=! Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df b]xfo cg';f/sf] shf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f -s=;"=kmf=g+= ! / @_ dlxgf
e'Stfg ePsf] !% lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .
s_ cfkm"n] :jLs[t u/]sf] klRr; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] shf{÷;'ljwf .
v_ efsf gf3]sf bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] eGbf a9L / klRr; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf sd /sdsf]
shf{÷;'ljwf .
@=@ pko'{St ljj/0f tTkZrft\ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq shf{ r'Qmf
geP;Dd s]Gb|df k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L s]Gb|df k7fPsf] ljj/0fdf kl5 s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf jf shf{
r'Qmf ePdf, efsf gf3]sf] shf{ lgoldt ePdf jf efsf ldlt yk jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ePdf ;f] sf]
hfgsf/L ;d]t !% lbgleq clgjfo{ ?kdf s]Gb|nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
@=# s]Gb|Lo tyf If]qLo sfof{nox?n] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{
s'g} C0fLn] Pp6} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ljleGg zfvf÷sfof{nox?af6 lnPsf] jf :jLs[lt ePsf]
shf{÷;'ljwf klRr; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf sd ePtf klg To:tf] u|fxsn] pkef]u u/]sf] shf{ ;'ljwfsf]
of]u /sd klRr; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9L x'g] ePdf pQm ;+:yfn] s=;"=kmf=g+= ! / @ cg';f/sf]
ljj/0f x/]s qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbg leq shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|df k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@=$ u|fxssf] ljj/0f lng' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ b; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf
a9Lsf] shf{÷;'ljwfsf] nflu cfj]bg k/]df shf{ ljZn]if0fsf] nflu u|fxs÷C0fLsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
ljj/0f lng' kg]{5 M–
-s_ JolQmut C0fL tyf hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] xsdf lghsf] gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, :yfoL tyf
c:yfoL 7]ufgf, lghsf] tLgk':t] / Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf]] ljj/0f .
-v_ k|f]k|fO{6/l;k÷;fem]bf/L kmd{sf] xsdf v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP cg'?ksf] k|f]k|fO6/÷
;fem]bf/x?sf] ljj/0f / kmd{sf] tk{maf6 sf/f]jf/ ug{ clVtof/k|fKt JolQmsf] gfd, y/,
7]ufgf, ;fem]bf/L ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnkL / ;f] ;DaGwL lg0f{o .
-u_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf ;+rfns / ;f] sDkgLsf !% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/
:jfldTj ePsf z]o/wgLx?sf] v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP cg'?ksf ljj/0f / sDkgLsf]
tk{maf6 sf/f]jf/ ug]{ clVtof/k|fKt JolQmsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf / ;f] ;DjGwL lg0f{o .
-3_ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf ;+rfnsx? / ;f] sDkgLsf !% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/
:jfldTj ePsf z]o/wgLx?sf] v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP cg'?ksf ljj/0f, sDkgLsf] tk{maf6
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ clVtof/k|fKt JolQmsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf / ;f] ;DjGwL lg0f{o .

158
 -ª_ lwtf] d"NofÍgstf{sf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf / Ohfhtkq .
3. clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{ ;"rgf lng' kg]{
!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bz nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{, k'/fgf] shf{ gjLs/0f ug{,
k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{' cufj} C0fL÷u|fxssf] af/]df s]Gb|af6 clgjfo{ ?kdf shf{
;"rgf lng' kg]{5 . o;/L shf{ ;"rgf dfu ePdf s]Gb|n] a9Ldf # -ltg_ sfo{ lbg leqdf To:tf]
;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
@_ s'g} u|fxs÷C0fLnfO{ shf{÷;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ s]Gb|af6 pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd shf{ ;"rgf k|fKt u/L
;s]kl5 cGo lgsfoaf6 ;"rgf lng clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
#_ o; v08 adf]lhd s]Gb|af6 lnOPsf] shf{ ;"rgf afkt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|n] tf]s]sf] shf{
;"rgf ;]jf z'Ns s]Gb|nfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
$_ s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t ug]{ tyf x6fpg] k|of]hgsf nflu k|fKt gfdgfd];L s]Gb|n] # sfo{
lbgleq cBfjlws ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
$= sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ k|s[of
-!_ o; lgb]{zgdf pNn]lvt cj:yf k'u]kl5 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 hlt;'s} kl/df0fsf] shf{, ;fk6
tyf ;'ljwf /sd lnO{ gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{
;"rgf s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfaf6 l;kmfl/; gfdfjnLnfO{ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|n] osLg ;d]t u/L kGw| lbgleq sfnf];"rLdf
/fVg]5 .
-@_ o; lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf] cj:yf k'u]kl5 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sx?af6 k|bfg ul/g] qm]l86 sf8{ ;'ljwf
pkef]u u/L ;f] jfktsf] hlt;'s} /sd÷shf{ gltg]{ u|fxsx?nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg ;DalGwt a}+sn]
shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;DalGwt a}+saf6
l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePkl5 ;f] gfdfjnLnfO{ kGw| lbgleq sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5 / sfnf];"rLaf6 gfd
x6fpg] ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ljBdfg gLltut tyf k|s[oft Joj:yf adf]lhd g} x'g]5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] klRr; nfveGbf a9Lsf] shf{ /sd sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf cGtu{t
sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t u/fPkl5 dfq h'g;'s} /sdsf] shf{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] l;kmfl/; u/]df h'g;'s} /sdsf] shf{ u|fxsnfO{ shf{
;"rgf s]Gb|n] sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= C0fLx?sf] juL{s/0f
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfjf6 C0f lnO{ gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd auL{s/0f ug'{ kg]{]5 M–
%=! lgotk"j{s C0f gltg]{ C0fLx? (Willful Defaulters):
s_ e'QmfgLsf] efsf gf3]sf] ! jif{;Dd klg a}+ssf] ;Dks{df gcfPsf, C0f glt/L a]kQf ePsf jf
efu]sf, C0fsf] k'g/;+/rgf / k'g/tflnsLs/0f ;d]tsf] k|lqmof z'? gu/]sf / e'QmfgLsf] k|lta4tf
hfx]/ gu/]sf .
v_ ;+:yfsf] shf{ aSof}tf /fkm;fkm ug{ lwtf] laqmL ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg laqmL ug{ gvf]Hg] jf
glbg] cj:Yff l;h{gf ug]{ .
u_ PseGbf a9L Joj;fo ;+rfng u/L cflh{t k|ltkmn tyf cfkm";Fu ePsf] cGo ;DklQ C0f ltg{df
k|of]u gug]{ .
3_ ;+:yfaf6 h'g kl/of]hgfsf] nflu C0f lnPsf] xf] pQm C0f To;df k|of]u gu/L cGo p2]Zodf k|of]u
ug]{ (Diversion of Fund), Joj;foaf6 cflh{t /sd C0f ltg{df gnufO{ cGo sfo{df k|of]u ug]{
(Siphoning off), cGo ;DklQ l;h{Gff ug]{, cNksfnLg shf{af6 bL3{sfnLg pkof]u ug]{ tyf
;Demf}tf ljkl/t sDkgLaf6 ;xfos sDkgL jf cGo kmd{÷sDkgLdf ;fwg k|jfx ug]{ .
ª_ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] kl/of]hgf jf Joj;fodf cGo JolQm jf t]>f] kIf h:t}M– sfdbf/, sd{rf/L
cflbsf] gfd pkof]u u/L cfkm\gf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] gb]vfpg] dg;fo /fvL C0f lnPsf .
r_ shf{sf] efsf gf3]kl5 ;+:yfn] dfu]sf] avt cGo yk ;'/If0f jf JolQmut hdfgL glbg] .
5_ lwtf] jf Joj;fosf] ;Gbe{df hfgLa'emL em'6f] ljj/0f k|bfg ug]{ .
h_ C0f;Fu ;DjlGwt lwtf] lxgfldgf u/]sf] kfO{Pdf .

159
 em_ C0f k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L;Fu÷nfO{ ldnLdtf] u/L, b'?T;flxt u/L jf cGo u}/sfg'gL n]gb]g
u/L C0f lnPsf / gltg{sf nflu cjfl~5t bjfj lbg] .
`_ kl/of]hgfsf] ljQLo, k|fljlws, Joj:yfksLo tyf dfu, cfk"lt{ jf ahf/kIfsf] unt ljZn]if0f u/L
k'FhLsf] nfut c:jfefljs ?kn] j[l4 (Overcapitalization) ug]{ nufgLstf{ .
%=@ kl/l:yltjzM C0f gltg]{ C0fLx? (Non-willful Defaulters):
s_ C0f ltg]{ dg;fo x'Fbfx'Fb} klg sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt -åGå cflbsf sf/0f b]zdf pTkGg c;xh
cfly{s, Jofkfl/s tyf cf}Bf]lus cj:yf jf k|lts"n afx\o cj:yf_ sf sf/0f Joj;fo 3f6fdf uO{
jf ;d:ofu|:t agL C0f ltg{ g;s]sf .
v_ Dofbleq C0f ltg{ g;s]klg cfkm"n] C0f lnPsf] ;+:yfsf] ;Dks{df cfO{ shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0fsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L ;+:yfnfO{ dfGo x'g] tj/af6 e'QmfgLsf] k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/]sf .
^= sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf C0fLnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 shf{ k|bfg ug{df aGb]h
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] s'g} klg gofF shf{÷;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, shf{÷;'ljwf gjLs/0f ug{, yk shf{÷;'ljwf k|bfg ug{,
ls:tfjGbLdf k|bfg ePsf] shf{sf] afFsL ls:tf k|bfg ug{ jf hdfgt :jLsf/ ug{ ;d]t kfpg] 5}gg\ .
t/,–
s_ sfod /x]sf] afFsL shf{nfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] kl/lwleq /xL k'g/tflnsLs/0f / k'g/;+/rgf ug{ eg]
jfwf k'Ug] 5}g . To:t}, sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf C0fLsf] ;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfx?dWo] lgoldt ?kdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh r'Qmf ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?sf] xsdf a9Ldf 5 dlxgf;Dd of] aGb]h nfu" x'g] 5}g . To:tf C0fLnfO{ ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] C0fLsf] dfu pko'Qm b]v]df csf]{ 5 dlxgfsf] Dofb yk lbg
;Sg]5 . sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf C0fLsf] ;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?dWo] tf]lsPsf] efsfdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL gu/L efsf g3fpg] JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] To:tf] shf{nfO{ a9Ldf 5 dlxgfleq jf ;+rfns ;ldltn] lbPsf] yk
Dofbleq lgoldt u/fO ;Sg' kg]{5 . cGoyf To:tf] C0fLsf] ;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfdWo] lgoldt ?kdf shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh r'Qmf ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t gofF jf yk shf{ k|bfg ug{, gjLs/0f ug{ jf shf{sf] afFsL ls:tf k|bfg ug{ ;d]t
kfOg] 5}g .
v_ qm]l86÷8]lj6 sf8{ cGt/ut x'g] sf/f]jf/sf] xsdf ;DjlGwt JolQm sfnf];"rLsf] bfo/fdf cfpg' cl3
g} hf/L ePsf] qm]l86÷8]lj6 sf8{sf] nflu To:tf] qm]l86÷8]lj6 sf8{sf] Dofbleq u|fxsn] vr{ u/]sf]
/sd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] e'QmfgL ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
u_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQmx?;Fu ;DalGwt kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{
k|bfg ug{ rfx]df ;+rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L k|bfg
ul/Psf] shf{sf] xsdf k|rlnt Joj:yfsf] bf]Aa/ shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . t/ ;Dk"0f{
shf{x?sf] xsdf ztk|ltzteGbf a9L shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
&= lwtf] d"NofÍgstf{ ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
-!_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] lnnfdL ubf{ lwtf] d"NofÍgstf{n] d"NofÍg u/]sf] /sdsf] b'O{ ltxfO{
eGbf sd /sd dfq p7\g] ePdf To:tf lwtf] d"NofÍgstf{nfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] l;kmfl/zdf
s]Gb|n] sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 . o;/L ;dfj]z ePsf lwtf] d"NofÍgstf{x?n] o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkq kfPsf s'g} klg ;+:yfx?df lwtf] d"NofÍg ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-@_ s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lwtf] lnnfd ubf{ ;f] lwtf]sf] d"NofÍg /sdsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ eGbf sd /sd
dfq p7\g'df To:tf] d"NofÍgstf{sf] sfa' aflx/sf] cj:yf k/L lghsf] bf]if gb]lvPsf] eGg] ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ nfu]df To:tf]] d"NofÍgstf{nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf g/fVg] lg0f{o
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ h'g shf{sf] lwtf] d"NofÍg ul/Psf] xf] ;f] shf{sf] C0fL sfnf];"rLaf6 x6]df To:tf] lwtf] d"NofÍg
ug]{ d"NofÍgstf{nfO{ klg sfnf];"rLaf6 s]Gb|n] x6fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|af6 sfnf];"rLdf /x]÷g/x]sf] ;"rgf lnO{ lwtf] d"Nof+sgstf{sf] ;"rL
sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

160
*= n]vfk/LIfs ;DjGWfL ljz]if Joj:yf
C0fLsf] Joj;fo tyf kl/of]hgfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ n]vfk/LIfsn] jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj, gub k|jfx
ljj/0f tyf cGo ljQLo ljj/0fx? k|dfl0ft ug]{ qmddf em'7f ljQLo ljj/0f k|dfl0ft ug]{ n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ sfg'g
jdf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn rf6{8{ Psfp06]06 ;+:yfnfO{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= /fxbfgL hkmt ug{ l;kmfl/z ug]{
sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQmx?sf] gofF /fxbfgL hf/L ug{ tyf eO{/x]sf] /fxbfgL hkmt ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s dfkm{t g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg]5 . /fxbfgL hkmt ePsf JolQmx?n] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df ;Dks{ /fvL ;+:yfnfO{ dfGo x'g] lsl;dn] cfkm"n] lnPsf] shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf
k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]df To:tf JolQmx?sf] hkmt ePsf] /fxbfgL lkmtf{ ug{{ k'gM l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!)=! sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] cj:yfx?
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 klRr; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] shf{÷;'ljwf lnPsf C0fLx? jf JolQmnfO{
b]xfosf s'g} Ps jf ;j} cj:yfdf sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ shf{sf] ;fFjf jf ;fFjfsf] s'g} ls:tf jf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL ldlt Ps jif{ gf3]df -s'g} C0fLn] pkof]u
ul//x]sf] ljleGg shf{÷;'ljwfdWo] s'g} Pp6f dfq shf{sf] e'QmfgL ldlt gf3]df klg_,
t/, ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] cj:yf / cf}lrTo x]/L a9Ldf ltg
dlxgf;Dd yk ;do k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-v_ shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf,
o; k|of]hgsf] nflu æb'?kof]uÆ eGgfn] k|of]hg v'nfO{ lnPsf] shf{ /sd ;DjlGwt k|of]hgdf k|of]u
gu/]sf], kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf g/x]sf], lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] qmddf ;'kl/j]Ifs,
n]vfk/LIfsaf6 b'?kof]u ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePsf] cj:yfdf shf{ tyf ;'ljwfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] dflgg]
5.
-u_ ;'/If0fdf /fv]sf] ;fdfg b'?kof]u u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf,
-3_ C0fL ufoj ePdf,
-ª_ k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd C0fL 6f6 kN6]df,
-r_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] C0fL lj?4 cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf,
!)=@ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] cGo cj:yfx?
-s_ gSsnL r]s, 8«fK6, ljb]zL d'b|f, qm]l86÷8]lj6 sf8{, ljN; cflb sfuhft tyf pks/0f k|of]u u/L
/sd 7uL u/]df . To:t} ;f]xL 7uL ug]{ k|of; u/]sf] ljifodf cbfntaf6 s;'/bf/ 7xl/Pdf,
-v_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;DjGwL ck/fwdf ;+nUg ePsf] k|dfl0ft
ePdf,
-u_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;+u lnPsf] shf{ ;f] shf{sf] lnvtsf]
efsfleq r'Qmf gu/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g @)^# sf] bkmf %& adf]lhd c;'nLsf]
sf/jfxL rnfpFbfsf] cj:yf,
-3_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg ug'{kbf{sf] cj:yfdf,
-ª_ e'QmfgL gx'g] cj:Yffsf] r]s hf/L u/]df÷vftfdf df}Hbft ckof{Kt ePdf,
s'g} JolQm kmd{, sDkgL jf ;ul7t ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] vftfdf kof{Kt df}Hbft gePsf] cj:yfdf jf df}Hbft
kof{Kt ePtf klg ljleGg cfwf/df e'QmfgL gx'g] cj:Yffsf] r]s hf/L u/]df a'Fbf g+= !)=! df h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] tyf To:Tff] r]s hlt;'s} /sdsf] ePtfklg b]xfo jdf]hd x'g]5 M–
-!_ Psk6s e'QmfgL geOsg lkmtf{ ePsf] r]ssf] xsdf e'QmfgL kfpg'kg]{ JolQmn] r]s hf/L
ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ e'QmfgLsf] nflu j9Ldf ;ft lbgsf] ;do lbO{
;DjlGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k'gM r]s k]z ug{;Sg] 5 .
-@_ ;f] Dofb kZrft\ klg /sd e'QmfgL gePsf] v08df /sd e'QmfgL kfpg'kg]{ JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] r]ssf] /sd e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lnlvt ?kdf
hfgsf/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ v08 -@_ adf]lhd lnlvt hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 ;DjlGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] r]s hf/L
ug]{ To:tf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ r]ssf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ a9Ldf ;ft

161
 lbgsf] ;"rgf lbg]5 / ;f] ldltleq klg /sd e'QmfgL x'g g;s]df To:Tff] r]s lvRg] JolQm,
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ ;DjlGwt a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] clgjfo{ ?kdf
sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cg';f/ gu/]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o;} lgb]{zg
adf]lhd sf/afxL x'g]5 .
-$_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ To:tf] e'QmfgL gx'g]
r]s lbPdf ;d]t o; v08 adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf /fVg'kg]{ 5 . ;f] cg';f/ gu/]df a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd sf/afxL x'g]5 .
-%_ o; v08 adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] To:tf]
;"rLaf6 km's'jf geP;Dd cfkm\gf] vftfdf /sd hDdf ug]{ afx]s cGo s'g}klg lsl;dsf]
a}+lsË sf/f]jf/ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-r_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%*, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# tyf cGo gLltut Joj:yf
adf]lhd o; a}+sn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/L gub hl/jfgfsf] sf/jfxLdf k/]sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v tyf cGo sd{rf/Laf6 gub hl/jfgf e'QmfgL geP;Dd,
:ki6Ls/0fM– o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æk|dfl0ftÆ eGgfn] cbfnt jf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
lg/LIf0f 6f]nL jf cfGtl/s jf jfXo n]vfk/LIfs jf o; a}+saf6 vl6Psf] lg/LIf0f 6f]nLn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf]
;Demg' k5{ .
!)=# sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] kIfx?
s'g} jf ;a} cj:yf k/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g] b]xfo jdf]lhdsf C0fL JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t
;+:yf / ;DalGwt cGo kIfx?nfO{;d]t sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ s'g} C0fL sfnf];"rLdf k/]df To:tf C0fLsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{ 5}g M–
-s_ shf{÷;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf .
-v_ k|f]k|fO6/;Lk kmd{sf k|f]k|fO6/ .
-u_ ;fe]mbf/L kmd{sf ;fe]mbf/x? .
-3_ shf{÷;'ljwfsf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf .
t/, hdfgtbftfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{k"j{ lghn] hdfgL lbPsf] /sd r'Qmf ug{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k}tL; lbgsf] lnlvt ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . lnlvt ;"rgfsf] kq ;DalGwt
JolQmsf] 7]ufgfdf gk'u]df ;f] ;"rgf klqsfdf ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{5 .
-ª_ sDkgL÷;+ul7t ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsx? .
-r_ k|fOe]6 jf klAns sDkgLsf,
!_ ;+rfnsx/m,
@_ kGw| k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj ePsf z]o/wgLx?,
t/, k|fOe]6 jf klAns sDkgLsf] !% k|ltzteGbf sd z]o/ lng] pQm k|fOe]6 jf klJns
sDkgLsf z]o/wgLx?sf]] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ljQLo :jfy{ ePdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
To:tf z]o/wgLx?nfO{ ;d]t sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ s'g} jfwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
#_ ;~rfns dgf]gog ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf] JolQm, kmd{, ;+ul7t ;+:yfx? .
-5_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] cGo s'g} kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+ul7t ;+:yfdf JolQmut jf
;+:yfut ?kdf kGw| k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj ePdf To:tf] kmd{÷sDkgL÷ ;+ul7t
;+:yfsf] ;~rfns tyf sfo{sf/L k|d'v .
t/, Ps} ;d"x cGtu{tsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgLsf] xsdf !% k|ltzteGbf sd z]o/ wf/0f u/]sf]
ePtfklg s'n z]o/ nufgLdf !% k|ltzt gf3]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf ;d"x cGt/utsf JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgLnfO{ sfn]f;"rLdf ;"rLs[t ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-h_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw cGo s'g} u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{÷sDkgL÷ ;+ul7t
;+:yfdf ;+rfns ePdf To:tf] kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+ul7t ;+:yf .
t/, b]xfosf] ;a} cj:yf k"/f ePdf sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;+rfns /x]sf]
u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ 5}g M–
-!_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;+rfns /x]sf] u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{÷sDkgL÷
;+ul7t ;+:yfdf To:tf] ;+rfnssf] z]o/ !% k|ltzt eGbf sd x'g' kg]{ .

162
 -@_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;+rfns /x]sf] u}/ ;/sf/L kmd{÷sDkgL
÷;+ul7t ;+:yfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf /÷jf Aofh jfktsf] /sd
tf]lsPsf] ;do jf ;f] eGbf cufj} lgoldt ?kdf r'Qmf ul//x]sf] x'g' kg]{,
-#_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw ;+rfns /x]sf] JolQmn] ;+rfns kbaf6
/flhgfdf u/]df jf To:tf] JolQm ;+rfns kbaf6 d'Qm ePdf .
-em_ o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ cfk;L ;DaGw eO{ Ps} ;d"xdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yf .
-`_ u|fxsnfO{ Uof/]G6L lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf .
t/, Uof/]06L / cf+lzs Uof/]G6L (Partial Guarantee) sf] xsdf eg] ;f] Uof/]G6Lsf] /sd r'Qmf u/]df
C0fLsf] cGo jSof}tfsf] nflu of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-6_ C0fLsf] d[To' ePdf lghsf] ;DklQ :jLsf/ ug]{ JolQmx?nfO{ ;f] sf] bfloTj axg u/fP/ pQm bfloTj
axg u/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dgfl;j dflkmssf] ;do k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . bfloTj
jxg ug{ gdfg]df jf pQm Dofbleqdf klg shf{ r'Qmf jf lgoldt gu/]df To:tf] JolQmx?nfO{ klg
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-7_ s'g} C0f @ jif{eGbf a9L cjlwn] efsf gf3]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z
gul/Psf] eP ;f] sf] :kli6s/0f k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq o; a}+s ;dIf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)=$ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gx'g] cj:yfx?
C0fLsf] sfa'eGbf aflx/sf] b]xfodf plNnlvt s'g} c;fdfGo kl/l:yltsf] sf/0faf6 pTkGg ;d:ofn] ubf{
;dodf ;fFjf /÷jf Aofh r'Qmf ug{ g;s]sf] Joxf]/f C0fLn] cg'/f]w u/]df / To:tf] Joxf]/f dgfl;j b]lvPdf
;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] To:tf u|fxsnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gug]{ lg0f{o ug{
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ af9L, klx/f], e"sDk h:tf b}jL k|sf]k k/]df .
-v_ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g' cufj} ?U0f pBf]u k'g?Tyfg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf k'g/shf{ k|bfg ul/Psf
C0fLnfO{ k'g/shf{sf] ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfpg] cjlw;Dd .
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] u|fxssf] hfoh]yf tyf Joj;fo ;+rfngdf /x]sf] :yfg clwu|x0f u/]df .
t/, To:tf] lg0f{o ubf{ cfwf/x? :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
!)=% sfnf];"rLaf6 gfd x6\g ;Sg] Joj:yf
b]xfosf cj:yfdf sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf u|fxssf] gfd To:tf] ;"rLaf6 x6fpgsf nflu ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] tLg lbgleq s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!= efsf gf3]sf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Aofh r'Qmf u/]df,
@= ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofO{ shf{sf] efsf yk u/]df jf o;
a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL shf{ k'gtf/lnsLs/0f jf k'g/;+/rgf u/]df,
#= shf{ jf ;'ljwfsf] bfloTjsf] ;Ldf ls6fg u/L PseGbf a9L C0fL ;lDdlnt x'g] C0fsf] xsdf s'g}
C0fLaf6 p;sf] efusf] ;fFjf Aofh r'Qmf u/]sf] egL efsf yk u/]df jf o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf]
clwgdf /xL shf{ k'g/;+/rgf jf k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf] egL ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6
n]vL cfPdf To:tf C0fLsf] gfd sfnf] ;"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{ 5 . t/, ;+rfns jf sfo{sf/L
kbflwsf/L eO{ sfdsfh ug]{ JolQmsf] ;DaGwdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$= shf{sf] bfloTj cGo JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[lt ePdf o;/L sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpFbf bfloTj
:jLsf/ ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{sf] Dofb lbg] / pQm Dofbleq
shf{÷;'ljwf r'Qmf jf lgoldt gu/]df pQm gofF JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf;d]tnfO{
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= C0fLx?n] lnPsf] C0fdWo] cfkm\gf] bfloTj olsg u/L C0f÷;'ljwf lnPsf] cj:yfdf pQm /sd e'QmfgL
u/]sf] egL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 n]vL cfPdf shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|n] sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 .
t/, ;f] Joj:yf ;+rfns tyf sfo{sf/L kbflwsf/Lx?sf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] kl/l:yltjz C0f gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf
;dfj]z u/]sf] ePtfklg olb s]xL ;do k|bfg u/]df C0fLn] k|of; u/L 5f]6f] cjlwdf C0f r'Qmf

163
 u5{ eGg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ nfu]df ^ dlxgfsf] nflu sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg] Joj:yf ug{
;Sg]5 . t/, ^ dlxgfleq C0f r'Qmf gu/]df clgjfo{ ?kdf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ s]Gb|nfO{
l;kmfl/; ug{' kg]{5 .
!!= ;xljQLos/0f shf{sf] ;DaGwdf
!_ ;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] ;DaGwdf o; lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL cu'jf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yf (Lead Bank) n] ;xljQLos/0fsf] a}7sdf (Consortium Meeting) shf{÷nufgL
cg'kftsf] cfwf/df ax'dtsf] lg0fo{af6 ;DalGwt C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{÷x6fpg
s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L cu'jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf (Lead Bank) sf] l;kmfl/z k|fKt
ePkl5 s]Gb|n] ;DalGwt C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{÷x6fpg' kg]{5 .
@_ olb s'g} cu'jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf (Lead Bank) n] o; lgb]{zg cg';f/ s]Gb|nfO{ l;kmfl/z gu/L
;xefuL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z u/]sf] /x]5 eg] s]Gb|n] ;xefuL a}s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePkl5dfq ;DjlGwt C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLjf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf]
cj:yfdf cu'jf a}+sn] cfk"mn] k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj lgjf{x gu/]sf] 7x/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
bkmf !)) adf]lhd sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 .
#_ s'g} u|fxsn] ;xljQLos/0f shf{ ;'lawf cGt/ut / Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;+u 5'6\6} bf]xf]/f] shf{ tyf
;'lawfsf] pkof]u u/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;xljQLos/0f ;d"xsf] a}7sn]
sfnf];"rLjf6 x6fpg] l;kml/; u/]tfklg afFsL v/fj shf{÷;'ljwfsf] /sd e'QmfgL gu/];Dd
sfnf];"rLdf sfod} /xg] 5 .
!@= sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{k"j{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{
s'g} klg C0fL jf C0f;Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;a} kIfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfa]z ug'{k"j{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ sf/0f;lxt slDtdf kl}t; lbg cufj} ;"rgf lbO{ ;f] sf] clen]v /fVg'
kg]{5 . pQm ;"rgf k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq C0fLn] shf{ r'Qmf jf lgoldt gu/]df sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z
ul/g] Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
!#= C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{nfO{ lnvt u/fpg' kg]{
s'g} klg C0fLnfO{ shf{÷;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{ o; lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf gfd
;dfj]z u/]df d]/f] dGh"/L 5 egL ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt C0fL tyf hdfgLstf{nfO{
clgjfo{ ?kdf lnvt u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!$= s]Gb|n] ;"rgf tyf ljj/0fx? dfu ug{ ;Sg]
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf **, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s shf{ ;"rgf ljlgodfjnL, @)%( / o; lgb]{zgsf]
p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf o; lgb]{zgn] tf]s] afx]ssf cGo ;"rgf / ljj/0fx? s]Gb|n]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf;Fu dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L dfu u/]sf] ;"rgf / ljj/0fx? pknJw u/fpg' ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
!%= s]Gb|n] lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df lbg' kg]{ C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f ;dod} pknAw u/fP gu/fPsf], shf{ k|jfx ug'{
cl3 shf{ ;"rgf lnP glnPsf] tyf pknAw u/fPsf ljj/0fx? cBfjlws eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf s]Gb|n]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]5 . s]Gb|n] o:tf] lg/LIf0f÷;'kl/j]If0f
cfˆgf sd{rf/L v6fO{ :ynut tyf u}/ :ynut ?kdf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!^= sfnf];"rLdf ;dflji6 C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd k|To]s cfiff9 / kf}if d;fGt;Dddf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z eO{ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L
/sd ltg{ afFsL /x]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfdfjnL cBfjlws u/L s]Gb|n] /fli6«o b}lgs
klqsfdf qmdzM >fj0f / df3d;fGtleq ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]] hfgsf/L
o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu tyf ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu, sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf]
sfof{no / lwtf]kq jf]8{nfO{ ;d]t pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . cGo JolQmx?sf] gfdfjnLsf] xsdf shf{ ;"rgf
s]Gb|n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cfjZos k/L dfu u/]df z'Ns lnO{ jf glnO{ To:tf] ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, sfnf];"rLdf ;dflji6 JolQmx?sf] cBfjlws ;"rgf s]Gb|n] clgjfo{ ?kdf cfˆgf] web site df /fVg'
kg]{5 .

164
!&= cGo Joj:yfx?
!_ uf]kgLotf sfod ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / s]Gb|aLr cfbfg k|bfg x'g] ;"rgf tyf cGo ljj/0f ;+j]bgzLn ePsf]n]
To:tf ;"rgf tyf ljj/0f cfbfg k|bfg ubf{ jf clen]v /fVbf k"0f{ uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg' kg]{5 .
@_ JolQmut tyf ;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|jflxt shf{sf] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 s'g} klg lsl;dsf] JolQmut tyf ;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|bfg ePsf] shf{
tyf ;'ljwfx? lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'Qmf gu/]df hdfgL lbg] JolQm tyf ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;d]t o;
lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 . To:tf hdfgLstf{x?n] u/]sf] hdfgL
/sdsf] ;Ldf;Ddsf] /sd r'Qmf ePsf] ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g
cfPdf hdfgLstf{sf] gfd sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 .
#_ z]o/wgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g eO{ cfPdf
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf z]o/wgLx?n] cfˆgf] z]o/ cGo JolQmx?nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/L lghsf]
bfloTj gofF z]o/wgLn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns
;ldltnfO{ pQm ljifo :jLsf/ u/L l;kmfl/z eO{ cfPdf klxn]sf z]o/wgLnfO{ sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg'
kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnPsf s'g} k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 jf ;j{;fwf/0fdf z]o/ hf/L u/L g;s]sf
klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lng] z]o/wgLn] To:tf] sDkgLsf] cfˆgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] z]o/ ljqmL jf gfd;f/L ug'{k"j{ C0f k|bfg ug]{ ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf]
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] :jLs[lt glnO{ To:tf]
C0fL sDkgLsf] z]o/ ljqmL jf gfd;f/L ug{ gkfpg] u/L C0f k|bfg ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
clgjfo{ ?kdf sfuh u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L :jLs[lt glnO{ C0fL sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLsf] z]o/ gfd;f/L
jf ljqmL u/]df ;fljssf z]o/wgLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
$_ ;/sf/L tyf cw{–;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 dgf]lgt ;+rfnsx?sf] ;DaGwdf
o; lgb]{zgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg o; a}+s, g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;+:yfaf6 dgf]lgt s'g} klg JolQm s'g} klg C0fL ;+:yfsf]
;+rfns eO{ To:tf] ;+:yf sfnf];"rLdf k/]df To;/L dgf]lgt ;+rfnsx? sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g]
5}gg\ .
%_ Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ;DaGwdf
o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu Psf3/ kl/jf/ eGgfn] ;DalGwt JolQmsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f,
cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfkm"n] kfng kf]if0f ug'{ kg]{
bfh' efO / lbbL alxgL ;Demg' kg]{5 .
^_ shf{ ;"rgf OsfO{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] s]Gb|Lo ?kdf shf{ ;"rgf OsfO{ u7g u/L s]Gb| tyf cGo lgsfodf
k7fpg' kg]{ shf{;"rgf ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x? ;f] OsfO{af6 dfq ug'{÷u/fpg' kg]{5 . s]Gb|;Fu ul/g]
;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf] nflu OsfO{sf hgzlQmnfO{ tf]Sg' kg]{5 / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] s]Gb|nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, tf]lsPsf] OsfO{n] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf / s]Gb|aLr
x'g] kqfrf/sf] k|dfl0ft clen]v cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
&_ e"nj; sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsfx?sf] ;DaGwdf
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gx'g' kg]{ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf e"nj; sfnf];"rLdf
;dfj]z ul/Psf] /x]5 eg] o; ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltaf6
l;kmfl/z eO{ cfPdf cljnDa To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ clen]v g} g/xg]
u/L sfnf];"rLaf6 x6fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z eO{ x6]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
*_ s]Gb|sf] ;b:otf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] shf{ ;"rgfsf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ / ;dodf shf{sf] ;fFjf÷Aofh gltg]{
C0fLnfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu clgjfo{ ?kdf s]Gb|sf] ;b:otf lng' kg]{5 .
(_ 5'6
o; lgb]{zgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf
clwsf+z :jfldTj ePsf ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?, o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? / låkIfLo jf
jx'kIfLo ;DaGw ePsf cGt//fli6«o ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g .

165
 !)_ sfnf];"rL ljj/0f cBfjlws ug]{
o; lgb]{zg adf]lhd s]Gb|n] tof/ ug]{ sfnf];"rL cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
!!_ s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf z]o/wgLx?n] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] xsk|b z]o/ tyf
cu|flwsf/ z]o/, C0fkq / nfef+zsf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?dWo] s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf
;"rLs[t eO{/x]sf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] cfkm" ;+:yfks /x]sf] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsk|b
z]o/ tyf cu|flwsf/ z]o/ / C0fkq vl/b ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLaf6
x6]sf] k|df0f ;lxt ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] cfkm" ;+:yfks /x]sf]
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsk|b z]o/ tyf cu|flwsf/ z]o/ / C0fkq bfjL ug{ cfPdf k|rlnt
sfg'g cg';f/ cGo JolQm÷;+:yfnfO{ a]rljvg÷afF8kmfF8÷hkmt ul/;lsPsf] cj:yf /x]g5
eg] ;fljss} ;+:yfks z]o/wgLn] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-v s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;"rLs[t C0fLsf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks nufotsf cGo
z]o/wgLsf x}l;otn] kfpg] nfef+z /sd cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ aSof}tfsf]
k|df0f ;lxt e'StfgL dfu u/]df To:tf JolQm;+u c;'n ug'{kg]{ /sd lghn] kfpg] nfef+z
/f]Ssf u/L ;DjlGwt ;+:yfn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] Joj:yf cfˆg} a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ;d]t nfu" x'g]5 .
!*= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 shf{ lnO{ C0f gltg]{ C0fLx?dWo] cf=j= )^#÷^$ sf] ah]6 jQmJo dfkm{t C0fsf]
k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ tf]lsPsf] @)^# efb| d;fGtleq k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]sf, k'g/tflnsLs/0fsf] nflu sf/jfxL
eO{ /x]sf C0fL / a}+ssf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df z'? ePsf] t/ ;DkGg eO{ g;s]sf afx]s ;DalGwt a}+sn] C0f r'Qmf
ug]{ u/fpg] ;DaGwdf C0fLnfO{ k6s k6s cj;/ lb+bf klg j]jf:tf u/L a;]sf / ;DalGwt a}+sn] sf/jfxL
cufl8 a9fpg pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf C0fLx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof adf]lhd sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg] .
!_ ;fFjf C0f ?= kfFr s/f]8 eGbf a9L lnPsfx?dWo]af6 ;a}eGbf a9L C0f lng] C0fLx?nfO{
k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df ;DalGwt a}+sn] qmdzM sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg] . ;DalGwt a}+sn] k|rlnt
Joj:yf cg';f/ ug{ ;lsg] sf/jfxL cfk}m+ u/L ;f] sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ u/fpg] cGoyf ug'{kg]{
sf/jfxLsf nflu l;kmfl/z;fy o; a}+snfO{ cg'/f]w ug]{ .
@_ o; cg';f/ sf/jfxLdf k/]sf C0fLn] C0f e'QmfgL jf k'g/;+/rgf÷k'g/tflnsLs/0f u/]df ;DalGwt
a}+sn] ;DalGwt C0fLnfO{ ;fljsdf u/]sf sf/jfxL lkmtf{ ug{ t'?Gt kxn ug]{ .
#_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 To:tf C0fLx?sf] gfddf hf/L ul/Psf 8]lj6 sf8{, qm]l86 sf8{ h:tf
;'ljwfx? tTsfn /f]Ssf /fVg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
$_ ;DalGwt a}+sn] C0fsf] k|s[lt, pkef]usf] cj:yf, c;'nLsf] ;+efjgf, C0fLn] C0f e'QmfgL ug{
b]vfPsf] Jojxf/ tyf dg;fo cflb kIfx?nfO{ dWogh/df /fvL a'Fbf !* -!_ sf] kl/lwleq /xL
lgotj; C0f gltg]{ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf C0fLx? / To:tf C0fLx?nfO{ hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{ jf
sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ b]xfodWo]sf Ps jf ;f]eGbf a9L sf/jfxL ug{ o; a}+snfO{ cg'/f]w ug]{ .
-s_ lgotjz C0f gltg]{ C0fLx?sf /fxbfgL hkmt ug]{ / gofF hf/L ug{ /f]s nufpg] k|of]hgsf
nflu o; ;DaGwL ;"rgf k//fi6« dGqfno, u[x dGqfnonfO{ cfjZos sf/jfxLsf] nflu
hfgsf/L u/fpg / ;fj{hlgs?kdf ;d]t ;"rgf k|sflzt ug{ .
-v_ lgotj; C0f gltg]{ C0fLx?nfO{ ;/sf/L jf ;+ul7t ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf lj1÷ k/fdz{bftf
nufot ;fj{hlgs lhDd]jf/Lsf cf]xbf tyf /fhgLlts lgo'lQmsf kbx?df lgo'Qm gug{ /
lgo'Qm eO{ sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ eg] kbaf6 tTsfn cjsfz lbg .
-u_ dfg, kbjL, ;Ddfg jf /fHoaf6 lbOg] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ;'ljwf, ;x'lnot jf ;Ddfg k|bfg
gug{ .
-3_ sDkgL P]g cGtu{t btf{ ePsf jf x'g] s'g} klg sDkgLsf] ;+rfns x'g /f]s nufpg .
-ª_ gofF pBf]u, kmd{ jf sDkgL btf{ ug{, ;/sf/L 7]Ssfk§fdf efu lng jf a}+sn] :jLs[lt lbPsf]
cj:yfdf C0fltg]{ k|of]hgsf nflu afx]s To:tf C0fLsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] s'g} klg rn÷crn
;DklQ /f]Ssf /fVg] / o;sf] nflu ;DalGwt lgsfo -dfnkf]t sfof{no, oftfoft Joj:yf
sfof{no, gu/kflnsf÷pkdxfgu/kflnsf÷dxfgu/kflnsf_ nfO{ lgb]{zg hf/L ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ .
-r_ ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqx?df ePsf] nufgL hkmt u/L lnnfd ug]{ / To;/L k|fKt x'g cfpg] /sd
shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pkof]u ug{ .

166
!(= b08 hl/jfgf tyf sf/jfxL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df e/L k7fpg' kg]{ C0fLx?sf] ljj/0f / sfnf];"rLdf /fVg' kg]{ C0fLx?sf]
gfd tyf ljj/0f ;dodf g} s]Gb|df pknAw gu/fPdf jf To:tf tYo n'sfP/ yk shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg
u/]sf] kfOPdf jf unt ;"rgf k|jfx u/]df jf sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ k|jfx ePdf jf o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f k|ltj]bgdf To:tf] Joxf]/f
pNn]v eO{ cfPdf ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf jf ltgsf ;DalGwt ;+rfns, kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L
;d]tnfO{ o; a}+sn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sfnfO{ C0f ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]df hl/jfgf nufOg]
sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?nfO{ s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
C0f÷;'ljwf k|jfx u/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( -!_ ad]flhd pQm C0f ;'ljwf
a/fa/sf] /sd ljuf] sfod u/L ;DjlGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hl/jfgf ul/g] 5 .
#_ sfnf];"rLdf /fVg l;kmfl/z gu/]df hl/jfgf nufOg]
s'g} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ l;kmfl/z ug'{kg]{df ;f] u/]sf]
gkfO{Pdf To:tf] ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd To:tf]
C0fL;+u p7fpg afFsL /x]sf] /sd a/fa/sf] ljuf] sfod u/L hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 .
$_ sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{df ztk|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{
s_ sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfaf6 s'g} shf{ c;'nL ug{ afFsL
/x]sf] eP To:tf] shf{sf nflu ztk|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ / To;/L Joj:yf
gu/]sf] kfO{Pdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !)) sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -u_
adf]lhd ;DjlGwt sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd gub hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 .
v_ s'g} C0fL cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf dfkm{t sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf] ePtf klg To:tf
C0fLnfO{ k|bfg ePsf] C0fsf] xsdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm"n] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ jf
;'ljwfsf] juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/df shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff sfod ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
@)= vf/]hL / arfp
!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg @)^^ sf] shf{ ;"rgf tyf sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !@÷)^^
af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u
;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
@_ pk–a'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sfjf{xL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

167
 s=;"=kmf=g=! -s_

JolQmut shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu

JolQmut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)=== ;fn ===========dlxgf == ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{÷efsf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|df of] kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ . ;fy}, o;
kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; kmf/ddf e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn ;DklQsf]
d"Nof+sg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M– zfvf÷pk–zfvf M–
! C0fLsf] gfd M– ;d'xM
!=! gful/stf k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M– xfnsf] 7]ufgf M–
lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;= M– lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;= M–
j8f g+= M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+= M– j8f g+= M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+= M–
!=@ gful/stf g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=# dtbftf k|df0fkq g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=$ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=% /fxbfgL g+= M– k|bfg u/]sf] d'n's M–
!=^ :yfoL n]vf g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– ;+:yf sf]8 M–
!=& kmf]g g+= M– df]afO{n g+= M– O{d]n 7]ufgf M–
!=* tLgk':t] ljj/0f M–
afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

@= C0fLsf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f M– -o; k|of]hgsf] nflu Psf3/ kl/jf/ eGgfn] C0fLsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, a'xf/L,
cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfkm"n]
kfng kf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO, lbbL / alxgLnfO{ a'emfp+5 ._
Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd gftf

#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]

gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M– -C0fLsf] cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj
ePdf jf ;+rfns ePdf pNn]v ug{' kg{]_
;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd 7]ufgf z]o/xf]N8/÷;+rfns z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

-/sd ?=df _
%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f M–

%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQm ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M

gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= gful/stf gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf] shf{
/ /fxbfgL hf/L ePsf] lhNnf / /fxbfgL hf/L lbPsf] zLif{s
g+= ldlt ePsf] d'n's /sd

168
%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] tLgk':t]] ljj/0f M
gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6«]zg g+=÷ hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf] shf{
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg z]o/wgL tyf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf z]o/wgL ÷;+rfns z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/wgL / ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf gful/stf g+= afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
;+rfnssf] gfd

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] k|sf/ lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nofsg d"Nof+sg lwtf] /flvPsf]
-j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt stf{sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, z]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf rn
;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst /sd d"Nofsg d"Nof+sgstf{ lwtf] /flvPsf]]
k|sf/ :yfg ldlt sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s
-j8f g+= ;lxt_

*= C0fL;+u ;DalGwt s}lkmot M–

================== ==================== ====================

tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Aoj:yfks÷k|d'v

-pk/f]Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

169
 s=;"=kmf =g+=! -v_
;+o'Qm shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
JolQmut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)=========;fn ======== dlxgf =====ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{{÷efsf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|df of] kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ . ;fy},
o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L of] kmf/fd e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn ;DklQsf] d"Nof+sg
/sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M– zfvf÷pk–zfvf M–
! ;+o'Qm C0fLx?sf] gfd M–
!=! klxnf] C0fLsf]] gfd M–
!=!=! gful/stf k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M– xfnsf] 7]ufgf M–
lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=M– lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=M–
j8f g+= M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+= M– j8f g+= M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+= M–
!=!=@ gful/stf g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=!=# dtbftf k|df0fkq g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=!=$ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=!=% /fxbfgL g= M– k|bfg u/]sf] d'n's M–
!=!=^ :yfoL n]vf g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– ;+:yf sf]8 M–
!=!=& kmf]g g M– df]afO{n g+= M– O{d]n 7]ufgf M–
!=!=* klxnf] C0fLsf]] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M–
afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

!=@ bf];|f] C0fLsf]] gfd M–

!=@=! gful/stf k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M– xfnsf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=la=;= M– lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=la=;=M–
j8f g+= M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+=M– j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+=M–
!=@=@ gful/stf g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=@=# dtbftf k|df0fkq g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=@=$ ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kq g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] lhNnf M–
!=@=% /fxbfgL g+= M– k|bfg u/]sf] d'n's M–
!=@=^ :yfoL n]vf g+= M– hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M– ;+:yf sf]8 M–
!=@=& kmf]g g+= M– df]afO{n g+=M– O{d]n 7]ufgf M–
!=@=* bf];|f] C0fLsf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M–
afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

@= C0fLx?sf] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f M– -o; k|of]hgsf] nflu Psf3/ kl/jf/ eGgfn] C0fLsf] klt jf kTgL, 5f]/f, a'xf/L,
cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf, ;f}t]gL cfdf / cfkm"n] kfng kf]if0f ug'{ kg]{ bfh', efO, lbbL /
alxgLnfO{ a'emfp+5 ._
C0fLx?sf] gfd Psf3/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd gftf

#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]

gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M– -C0fLx?sf] JolQmut ?kdf cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf
a9L z]o/ :jfldTj ePdf jf ;+rfns ePdf pNn]v ug{k' g{] _

170
 C0fLsf]] gfd ;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t 7]ufgf z]o/xf]N8/ z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt
;+:yfsf] gfd ÷;+rfns

-/sd ?=df_
%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f M

%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQmM ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M

gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf g+=÷ gful/stf hf/L gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf]
/fxbfgL g+= ePsf] ldlt lhNnf ÷ /fxbfgL hf/L lbPsf] shf{ zLif{s
ePsf] d'n's /sd

%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] ltgk':t]] ljj/0f M

gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6«]zg g+= hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf] shf{
÷kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg z]o/wgL tyf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf z]o/wgL÷;+rfns z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] AolQm tyf kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/wgL / ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gfd gful/stf g= afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst /sd d"Nof+sg d"Nof+sgstf{ lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd ldlt sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, z]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf rn
;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] d"Nof+lst d"Nof+sg d"Nof+sgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ gfd /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

*= C0fL;+u ;DalGwt s}lkmot M–

=================== =================== =======================
tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joa:yfks÷k|d'v
-pk/f]Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

171
 s=;"=kmf =g+=! -u_
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
JolQmut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)==== ;fn ======= dlxgf ====ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{÷efsf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|df of] kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ . ;fy},
o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L of] kmf/fd e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn ;DklQsf]
d"Nof+sg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M– zfvf÷pk–zfvf M–
! C[0fL kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd M– ;d"x M–
!=! /lhi6/ k|df0fkq adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=M– lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=M–
j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g=M– j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+=M–
!=@ /lhi6«]zg g+=M– btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M– btf{ u/]sf] lgsfo M–
!=# kmf]g g+=M– km\ofS; g+=M– O{d]n M–
!=$ kfg g+=M– btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M– btf{ u/]sf] lhNnf M–

@=-s_ k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M -k|fO{e]6 ln= k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / ;+rfnsdWo] h'g
s+= / klJns ln= s+= ePdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ xf] ;f] df -9_ lrGx nufpg]
z]o/wgLx?sf] dfq gfd pNn]v ug]{ ._
s}lkmot
k|f]k|fO6/ ;fem]bf/ ;+rfns

@=-v_ k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M

gfd gful/stf g+= / afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
hf/L ldlt

#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]

gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M– -C[0fL kmd{ / ;f]sf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] JolQmut, ;+o'Qm jf
;+:yfut ?kdf cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj ePdf jf ;+rfns
ePdf pNn]v ug{' kg{]_
;+nUg AolQmsf] gfd ;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf 7]ufgf z]o/xf]N8/÷;rfns z]o/
;ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd nufgL
k|ltzt

172
 -/sd ?=df_
%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f M

%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQm ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M

gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf gful/stf gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt hdfgt
g+=÷ /fxbfgL hf/L ePsf] lhNnf÷/fxbfgL hf/L lbPsf] /sd lbPsf] shf{
g+= ldlt ePsf] d'n's zLif{s

%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] tLgk':t]] ljj/0f M

gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6«]zg g+=÷ hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd lbPsf] shf{
zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg z]o/wgL tyf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf z]o/wgL÷;+rfns z]o/ nufgL
k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/wgL / ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gful/stf g+= afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
gfd

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] k|sf/ lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst d"Nof+sg d"Nofsgstf{ lwtf] /flvPsf]
-j8f g+= ;lxt_ /sd ldlt sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, z]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf rn
;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst d"Nof+sg d"Nof+sgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

*= C0fL;+u ;DalGwt s}lkmot M–

=================== =================== ===================
tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joa:yfks÷k|d'v
-pk/f]Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

173
 s=;"=kmf =g+=! -3_
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] shf{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
;+:yfut tyf ;'/If0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
@)==== ;fn ======= dlxgf ====ut]

k|yd k6s shf{ :jLs[lt ubf{÷efsf gf3]sf shf{sf] ljj/0f shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|df o; kmf/d e/L k7fpg' kg]{ . ;fy},
o; kmf/ddf pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0fdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; kmf/fd e/L lbg' kg]{ . t/, rn ;DklQsf]
d"Nof+sg /sddf dfq kl/jt{g ePdf k7fpg' gkg{] .
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M– zfvf÷pk–zfvf M–
! ;+o'Qm C[0fL kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd M–
!=! klxnf] C0fLsf] gfd M–
!=!=! /lhi68{ k|df0fkq adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=M– lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=M–
j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g=M– j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+=M–
!=!=@ /lhi6«]zg g+=M– btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M– btf{ u/]sf] lgsfo M–
!=!=# kmf]g g+=M– km\ofS; g+=M– O{d]n M–
!=!=$ kfg g+=M– btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M– btf{ u/]sf] lhNnf M–

!=@ bf]>f]] C0fLsf] gfd M–

!=@=! /lhi68{ k|df0fkq adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgf M sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=la=;=M– lhNnf M– g=kf=÷uf=la=;=M–
j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g=M– j8f g+=M– 6f]n M– 3/ g+=M–
!=@=@ /lhi6«]zg g+=M– btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M– btf{ u/]sf] lgsfo M–
!=@=# kmf]g g+=M– km\ofS; g+=M– O{d]n M–
!=@=$ kfg g+=M– btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M– btf{ u/]sf] lhNnf M–

@=-s_ klxnf] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / ;+rfnsdWo] h'g
M -k|fO{e]6 ln= s+= / klJns ln= s+= ePdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ xf] ;f]df -9_ lrGx nufpg]
wf/0f ug]{ z]o/wgLx?sf] dfq gfd pNn]v ug]{ ._
gfd 7]ufgf z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt s}lkmot
-gful/stf k|df0fkq adf]lhd_ k|f]k|fO{6/ ;fem]bf/ ;+rfns

@=-v_ klxnf] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
gfd gful/stf g+= hf/L ldlt hf/L lhNnf afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

@=! -s_ bf];|f] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/ / ;+rfnsdWo] h'g
M -k|fO{e]6 ln= s+= / klJns ln= s+= ePdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ xf] ;f]df -9_ lrGx nufpg]
wf/0f ug]{ z]o/wgLx?sf] dfq gfd pNn]v ug]{ ._
gfd 7]ufgf z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt s}lkmot
-gful/stf k|df0fkq adf]lhd_ k|f]k|fO6/ ;fem]bf/ ;+rfns

@=! -v_ bf];|f] C0fLsf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ /÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
gfd gful/stf hf/L hf/L afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f
g+= ldlt lhNnf

174
#= clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf]
gfd / 7]ufgf gful/stf g+= afa'sf] gfd afh]sf] gfd

$= sG;g{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f M– -C0fL kmd{ / ;f]sf k|f]k|fO6/, ;fem]bf/, z]o/xf]N8/ / ÷jf ;+rfnsx?sf] JolQmut, ;+o'Qm jf
;+:yfut ?kdf cGo s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf !% k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ :jfldTj ePdf jf ;+rfns
ePdf pNn]v ug{' kg{]_
;+nUg AolQmsf] gfd ;+nUg kmd{, sDkgL jf 7]ufgf z]o/wgL÷ z]o/ nufgL
;ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfd ;rfns k|ltzt

%= C0fLn] pkof]u u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu hdfgt lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf]] ljj/0f M
%=! hdfgt lbg] JolQm ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M–
gfd 7]ufgf gful/stf gful/stf gful/stf hf/L ePsf] hdfgt lbPsf] hdfgt lbPsf]
g+=÷ /fxbfgL hf/L ePsf] lhNnf÷/fxbfgL hf/L /sd shf{ zLif{s
g+= ldlt ePsf] d'n's

%=! -s_ hdfgt lbg] JolQmsf] ltgk':t]] ljj/0f M

gfd afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

%=@ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf ePdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
gfd 7]ufgf /lhi6«]zg g+=÷ hf/L ePsf] hf/L u/]sf] hdfgt hdfgt lbPsf]
kfg g+= ldlt lgsfo lbPsf] /sd shf{ zLif{s

%=@ -s_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf ;+nUg z]o/wgL tyf ;+rfnsx?sf] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gfd 7]ufgf z]o/wgL÷;+rfns z]o/ nufgL k|ltzt

%=@ -v_ hdfgt lbg] kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] z]o/wgL / ;+rfnsx?sf] tLgk':t] ljj/0f M
z]o/wgL /÷jf ;+rfnssf] gfd gful/stf g+= afa' afh] >Ldfg\÷>LdtL cfdf ;;'/f

^= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] hldg, 3/, kl/of]hgf cflb h:tf crn ;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] k|sf/ lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst d"Nof+sg d"Nofsgstf{ lwtf] /flvPsf]
-j8f g+= ;lxt_ /sd ldlt sf] gfd shf{ zLif{s

&= ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] artkq, C0fkq, d'2lt /l;b, k|f]ld;/L gf]6, z]o/, ;fdfg lwtf] -xfOkf]lys]zg ;d]t_, cflb h:tf rn
;DklQsf] ljj/0f M
lwtf]sf] lwtf]] /x]sf] :yfg lwtf]wgLsf] gfd d"Nof+lst d"Nof+sg d"Nof+sgstf{sf] lwtf] /flvPsf]
k|sf/ -j8f g+= ;lxt_ /sd ldlt gfd shf{ zLif{s

*= C0fL;+u ;DalGwt s}lkmot M–

=================== =================== ===================
tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joj:yfks÷k|d'v
-pk/f]Qm sf]7fx? ljj/0fsf] nflu ckof{Kt ePdf csf]{ kmf/fd k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 ._

175
 s=;"=kmf=g+= @
JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] C0f aSof}tf ;DaGwL

@)====== sf] klxnf]÷bf];|f]÷t];|f]÷rf}yf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f

-/sd ?=df_
C0f k|bfg ug]{ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd M– zfvf÷pk–zfvf M–
C0fLsf] gfd M–
e'QmfgL x'g' kg]{ e'QmfgL hDdf efsf gf3]sf] ls:tf÷s
shf{sf] shf{ :jLs[t shf{ nufgL shf{ vftfsf] shf{sf]
ls:tf÷shf{ ljnDj p7fpg ls:tf÷shf{ hf{ r'Qmf
lsl;d g+= :jfldTj u/] s f] ;'/If0f
/sd ldlt /sd ldlt /sd ldlt ePsf] lbg afFls /sd /sd
ldlt

================= ============== =============================

tof/ ug]{ r]s ug]{ Joj:yfks÷k|d'v

176
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !#÷)^&

laifoM clgjfo{ df}Hbft÷a}wflgs t/ntf ;DjGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] lgIf]k tyf ;fk6L bfloTjsf] cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{ clgjfo{
df}Hbft tyf t/n ;DklQ Joj:yf ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L
b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DjGwL Joj:yf
!= æsÆ, ævÆ, æuÆ / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;d]t lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ v'b|f n3'a}+ls+u ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf ;+:yfsf
nflu
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf ;+:yfn] s"n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] %=% k|ltzt tyf
rNtL /÷jf sn vftf ;d]tsf] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] s"n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] %=% k|ltzt clgjfo{ df}Hbft jfkt o; a}+sdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
t/, rNtL ÷/ sn vftf afx]ssf cGo lgIf]k dfq ;+sng ug]{ ævÆ æuÆ / ;j{;fwf/0fsf]
;d]t lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ v'b|f n3'a}+ls+u ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s"n lgIf]k
bfloTjsf] b'O{ k|ltzt clgjfo{ df}Hbft /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ ævÆ, æuÆ / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;d]t lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ v'b|f n3'a}+ls+u ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] sfof{no gePsf] :Yffgdf glhssf] æsÆ ju{sf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf o; k|of]hgsf] nflu rNtL vftf vf]nL cfjZos /sd hDdf u/]df
klg clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g]5 . t/, Aofh cfh{g x'g] u/L æsÆ ju{sf]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf hDdf u/]sf] /sdnfO{ clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g . o:tf]
vftfsf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf b]xfo jdf]lhd hl/jfgf
nufOg] 5 M–
-s_ klxnf] k6s clgjfo{ df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+s b/sf] k|ltztn] .
-v_ bf];|f] k6s clgjfo{ df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+s b/sf] bf]Aj/ k|ltztn] .
-u_ t];|f] k6s / ;f] eGbf kl5 hlt k6s gk'u eP klg gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+s b/sf] t]Aj/ k|ltztn] .
-$_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd k6s sfod ubf{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cnu cnu k6s
sfod ul/g] 5 . ;fy}, s'g} Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nuftf/ # xKtf;Dd clgjfo{ df}Hbft gk'u
ePdf klxnf] xKtf klxnf] k6s, bf]>f] xKtf bf]>f] k6s / t]>f] xKtf t]>f] k6ssf] b/n] hl/jfgf
nufOg] 5 .
-%_ clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+s b/sf] k|ltztn] ;fKtflxs lx;fjdf
xhf{gf nufOg]5 / o;/L gk'u eP hltsf] /sdnfO{ a}+s b/sf] k|ltztn] u'0ff u/L jfpGgn]
efu ul/g] 5 .
-^_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ;DjGwL k|of]hgsf nflu b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfOg]5 M–
-s_ clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] u0fgf ;fKtflxs -k|To]s cfOtjf/b]lv zlgjf/_ ?kdf ul/g] 5 .
-v_ df}Hbftsf] u0fgf ubf{ b'O{ xKtf cl3sf] ;fKtflxs cf};t lgIf]k bfloTjsf] cfwf/df
ul/g]5 . s'g} xKtfdf k'/} lbg ljbf kg{ uPdf To:tf] xKtfsf] cf};t lgIf]k ln+bf
l7s cl3Nnf] xKtfsf] cf};t lgIf]knfO{ lng' kg]{5 .

177
 -u_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu s'n lgIf]k bfloTj / g]kfn /fi6« a+}s
df}Hbftsf] cfOtjf/b]lv zlgaf/;Ddsf] b}lgs df}Hbftsf] s'n of]unfO{ ;ft cÍn]
efu u/L ;fKtflxs ?kdf b}lgs cf};t lgwf{/0f ul/g] 5 . o;/L lgwf{/0f ubf{
;Ktfxdf s'g} lbg ljbf k/]df cl3Nnf] lbgsf] df}HbftnfO{ g} ;f] lbgsf] df}Hbft
sfod ul/g] 5 .
-3_ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu lgwf{l/t lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=! df cfOtjf/b]lv zlgaf/;Ddsf]
ljj/0f -ljbfsf] lbgdf cl3Nnf] lbgsf] df}Hbft pNn]v ug'{kg]{_ e/L xKtf ljt]sf]
;ft lbg leq clgjfo{ ?kdf o; a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf cfOk'Ug]
u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ o; p2]Zosf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nox?nfO{ Pp6} OsfO{ dflgg] 5 .
-*_ o; a}+sdf /x]sf] vftfdf hDDff x'g] u/L km08 6«fG;km/sf] l;nl;nfdf dfu{:y (Transit) df
kg{ uPsf] :jb]zL d'b|fsf] /sdnfO{ o; a+}ssf] df}Hbftdf ;dfj]z u/fOg] 5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM
-!_ o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æs"n lgIf]kÆ eGgfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] rNtL,
sn,art jf d'2lt vftfdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+sn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf ljleGg ljQLo pks/0fsf]
dfWodaf6 :jLsf/ ug]{ /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-@_ o; a}+ssf] ;fwf/0f vftfdf ePsf] df}HbftnfO{ dfq clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g]
5 . o; a}+sdf ljz]if k|of]hgsf] nflu vf]lnPsf] ljz]if vftf tyf ljb]zL d'b|f
vftfdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ o; k|of]hgsf] nlfu u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
l6Kk0fLM
-!_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf k|of]hgsf] nflu kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fsf] lgIf]k, sd{rf/L
hdfgt tyf dflh{g vftfdf /x]sf] /sd s"n lgIf]kdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ ærNtL vftfÆ eGgfn] dfu]sf] avt hlxn] klg lemSg kfpg] u/L a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfdf /flvPsf] /sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ æart vftfÆ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf artsf] lgldQ /flvPsf] /sdsf]
x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ æd'2lt vftfÆ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lglZrt cjlw;Dd hDdf /xg] u/L
/flvPsf] /sdsf] x/lx;fa n]lvPsf] vftf ;Demg' k5{ .
-%_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] sfof{no gePsf
:yfgx?df /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+s ln= tyf g]kfn a}+s ln= df /x]sf] gf]6sf]ifdf hDdf
x'g] dfu{:y gub -Cash in Transit_ ;d]t ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 . gf]6sf]ifdf /sd
/flvPdf jf gf]6sf]ifaf6 /sd lemlsPdf ;DalGwt a}+sn] To;sf] ljj/0f tTsfn
d'b|f Joj:yfkg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@= æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu
-!_ æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] ;d"x ;b:ox?af6 ;+sng u/]sf] JolQmut,
;d"xut, ljz]if art tyf ;fk6L sf]ifsf] sDtLdf z"Go bzdnj kfFr k|ltztn] x'g] /sd
clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] ?kdf o; a}+sdf jf o; a}+ssf] zfvf gePsf] :yfgdf o; a}+saf6 æsÆ
ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf ;f]xL k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'§} rNtL vftf vf]nL hDdf ug'{
kg]{5 . o:tf] vftfsf] hfgsf/L o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf lbg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; pka'Fbfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fk6L sf]ifÆ eGgfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf, JolQm, kmd{, ;+ul7t ;+:yf -:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL_ tyf
sDkgL;+u lnPsf] ;fk6L /sd ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] s"n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] Go"gtd b'O{ bzdnj kfFr
k|ltzt t/n ;DklQsf] ?kdf /fVg' kg]{5 . t/n ;DklQ eGgfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;DklQ
;Demg' kb{5 M–
-s_ cfkm\gf] 9's'6Ldf /x]sf] gub df}Hbft,

178
 -v_ ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgL ,
-u_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkqdf u/]sf] nufgL, jf
-3_ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf lgIf]ksf] ?kdf /x]sf] df}Hbft .
-#_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd hDdf ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd clgjfo{ df}Hbft eGbf a9L hDdf u/]df a9L
ePhlt /sd pka'Fbf -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg]5 .
-$_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft tyf t/n;DklQsf] u0fgf b]xfo jdf]lhd x'g]5 –M
-s_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft / t/n ;DklQsf] u0fgf b}lgs cf};tsf] cfwf/df dfl;s ?kdf
ul/g]5 .
-v_ æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf /x]sf] d'2lt lgIf]ksf] xsdf a9Ldf gAa]
k|ltzt;Dd dfq t/n ;DklQdf u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ pka'Fbf -@_ adf]lhdsf t/n ;DklQsf] u0fgf ubf{ d'2lt lgIf]k jf ;/sf/L C0fkq
tyf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s C0fkq lwtf]df /fvL C0f lnPsf] eP C0f lnP a/fa/sf] /sd
36fpg' kg]{5 .
-3_ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=@ adf]lhd clgjfo{ df}Hbft
/ t/n ;DklQsf] ljj/0f dfl;s ?kdf k|To]s dlxgf lat]sf] kGw| lbgleq o;
a}+ssf] ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft / t/n ;DklQ sfod g/fv] æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] pka'Fbf
-!_ adf]lhd o; a]}+sdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbft hDdf gu/]df jf sd hDdf u/]df
;f] gu/]sf] cjlw;Ddsf] nflu a'Fbf g+= ! -#_ adf]lhd hl/jfgf ul/g]5 .
-^_ dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg cGo a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tkm{jf6 c;'n u/L
lbg] zt{df yf]s shf{ sf/]fjf/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf n3' ljQ ljsf; a}sdf x:tfGt/0f eO{
cfPsf] C0f ;fk6L /sddf clgjfo{ df}Hbft sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yfnfO{ 5'6 lbg ;lsg] 5 .
-&_ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;d]t lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ v'b|f n3'a}+ls+u ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yfx? tyf o; a}+snfO{ k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f o;}
lgb]{zgsf] a'+bf g+= ! cg';f/ x'g]5 . ;fy}, To:tf n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?sf] xsdf o;sf] a'+bf g+=
@ nfu" x'g] 5}g .
#= cGo Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{nfO{ lj:tfl/t, ;xh / ;'ljwfo'Qm agfpg ahf/ lgdf{tfx¿ afx]ssf
o; a}+saf6 æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfn] klg ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] ;fFjf tyf
Aofh e'QmfgL u/L ;f]sf] zf]wegf{sf] nflu o; a}+sdf dfu ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx¿sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkqsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL /sdsf] zf]wegf{ k|fKt
gx'Fbf;Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu pQm /sdnfO{ ;d]t clgjfo{ df}Hbft cg'kftdf u0fgf ul/g] 5 . ;fy},
;fj{hlgs labf kg{ uO{ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;fFjf /sd e'QmfgL ug{ g;lsPsf]
cj:yfdf ;f] labfsf] cjlwsf] nflu pQm ;fFjf /sdnfO{ o; a}+sdf /fVg' kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbft
cg'kftdf u0fgf x'g]5 .
-v_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft -Statutory Liquidity Ratio_ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]] ;do ;dodf tf]lsPsf] b/df j}Bflgs
t/ntf cg'kft sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . o; cg'?k j}Bflgs t/ntf cg'kft sfod ubf{ ;/sf/L] ;'/If0fkq, ;f]xL
k|of]hg vf]nL æsÆ ju{sf] jfl0fHo a}+sdf Call Deposit df /fv]sf] /sd, clgjfo{ df}Hbft -CRR_ afkt
sfod ug'{ kg]{ /sdeGbf a9L ePsf] df}Hbft /sdnfO{ ;d]t pQm Joj:yfsf] nflu of]Uo pks/0f (Eligible
Instruments) sf] ?kdf u0fgf ug{ kfOg] 5 .
j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft u0fgf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-!_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft u0fgf ubf{ l7s cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] cGTodf /x]sf] :jb]zL lgIf]k bfloTjnfO{
cfwf/ dflgg]5 .
-@_ o:tf] cg'kft u0fgf u/L k|To]s dlxgfe/sf] j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft /sdsf] ljj/0f lgb]{zg kmf=g+=
!#=# df pNn]v eP adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pNn]lvt df}Hbft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf (( sf] pkbkmf -!_
df ePsf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfo jdf]lhd hl/jfgf nufOg] 5 M–

179
 -s_ klxnf] k6s j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+sb/sf] k|ltztn] .
-v_ bf]>f] k6s j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt
a}+sb/sf] bf]Aj/ k|ltztn] .
-u_ t]>f] k6s / ;f]eGbf kl5 hlt k6s gk'u eP klg gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a+}s
b/sf] t]Aj/ k|ltztn] .
-$_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd k6s sfod ubf{ k|To]s clfy{s jif{sf] nflu cnu cnu k6s sfod
ul/g]5 .
-%_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u eP hlt /sddf k|rlnt a}+sb/sf] k|ltztn] dfl;s lx;fjdf xhf{gf
nufOg]5 / o;/L gk'u eP hltsf] /sdnfO{ a+}sb/sf] k|ltztn] u'0ff u/L afx|n] efu ul/g]5 .
-^_ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft gk'u ePsf] cj:yfdf hl/jfgfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu o; a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd
k|sflzt u/]sf] a}+sb/nfO{ g} cfwf/ lnOg]5 .
b|i6JoM != o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkq eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf] artkq,
ljsf; C0fkq, 6«]h/L ljN; tyf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] cGo ;'/If0fkq ;Demg'k5{ .
t/, ahf/ lgdf{tf -Market Maker_ sf] ?kdf sfo{ ul//x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sf/f]af/
-Trading_ k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, /fi6« C0f Joj:yfkg ljefu cGt/utsf] ljz]if vftf
-Special Account_ df /x]sf] ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqsf] /sd lgtfGt sf/f]af/ -Trading_ k|of]hgsf]
nflu dfq x'g] x'Fbf ;f] ;'/If0fkqsf] /sd j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft (Statutory Liquidity Ratio,
SLR) k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L ;'/If0fkqdf u0fgf ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@= gk'u j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kftsf] hl/jfgf u0fgf @)^^ kf}ifd;fGtb]lv ul/g]5 . j}wflgs t/ntf
cg'kft ljj/0f k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DjGwL Joj:yf O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !#÷)^^ af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf clgjfo{ df}Hbft÷j}wflgs
t/ntf cg'kft;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

180
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+=!#=!

æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] sfod /fVg' kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL
;fKtflxs ljj/0f **

ldlt @) ===== ;fn ======== dlxgf ====== ut]b]lv @) ====== ;fn ========= dlxgf======== ut];Ddsf] lgIf]k+
-?=xhf/df_
cfOtaf/ ;f]daf/ d+unaf/ a'waf/ ljxLaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgjf/ hDdf cf}ift
s'n lgIf]k bfloTj
-s_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
-ldlt @)=== ;fn======dlxgf b]lv
====;DDf_
-g]kfn /fi6« a}+s /]s8{ cg';f/_
-v_*æsÆju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt
a}+sdf rNtL vftfdf /x]sf]
df}Hbft
-u_ v'b dfu{:y gub -!–@+#_
-!_ gf]6sf]ifdf hDdf ul/Psf] /sd
-@_ gf]6sf]ifaf6 lemlsPsf] /sd
-#_ cGo
-3_ ;/sf/L C0fkq÷jrtkqsf] ;fFjf
e'QmfgL /sd
-ª_ clgjfo{ df}Hbft k|ltzt
-r_ ;fk6L lnPsf] s'n /sdsf] ljj/0f

* ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] xsdf dfq .

** æ3Æ ju{sf] v'b|f n3'a}+lsu ug]{ ;+:yfn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lgIf]k lnPdf ;d]t oxL kmf/fd cg';f/ k7fpg] .
+ b'O{ xKtf cl3sf] ;fKtflxs cf}ift lgIf]k bfloTj
ldltM @)^ . .
ljj/0f k]z ug]{ clws[tsf] b:tvt M

bhf{ M

gfd / y/ M

-s_ æs'n lgIf]kÆ eGgfn] rNtL, art / d'2lt vftfsf] /sd tyf dfu]sf avt e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ /sd / ;l6{lkms]6 ckm l8kf]lh6
;Demg' k5{ . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fsf] lgIf]k, sd{rf/L hdfgt tyf dflh{g vftfdf /x]sf] /sd ;dfj]z x'g]
5}g
-v_ æd'2lt lgIf]kÆ eGgfn] lglZrt cjlw;Dd hDdf /xg] u/L /flvPsf] :jb]zL d'b|fsf] lgIf]k ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ ærNtL, sn / art lgIf]kÆ eGgfn] d'2lt lgIf]k afx]ssf ;a} k|sf/sf lgIf]k ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ o; a}+ssf] ;fwf/0f vftfdf ePsf] df}HbftnfO{ dfq clgjfo{ df}Hbftdf u0fgf ul/g] 5 . o; a}+sdf ljz]if k|of]hgsf] nflu
vf]lnPsf] ljz]if vftf tyf ljb]zL d'b|f vftfdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .

181
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+=13=2

æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu

clgjfo{ df}Hbft tyf t/n ;DklQ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
-dfl;s_
@) === ;fn === dlxgf=== ut]b]lv === d;fGt;Dd
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s jf C0fkq.
s'n g]kfn /fi6« s ju{sf]
o; a}+saf6 s ju{sf] cfkm\gf] ;/sf/L d'2lt
art s'n a}+s Ohfhtkq s'n
Ohfhtkqk|fKt 9's'6Ldf C0fkqdf lgIf]k /l;b
ut] tyf art C0fkqdf k|fKt ;+:yfdf t/n
;+:yfdf rNtL vftf /x]sf] gub u/]sf] shf{
;fk6L sf]if u/]sf] lgIf]ksf] ?kdf ;DklQ
vf]nL hDdf u/]sf] df}Hbft nufgL -–_
sf]if nufgL /x]sf] df}Hbft
df}Hbft
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&
!*
!(
@)
@!
@@
@#
@$
@%
@^
@&
@*
@*
@(
#)
#!
#@
s'n
cf};t
clgjfo{ gub÷
t/ntf df}Hbft
k|ltzt

ldlt clws[t

182
 lgb]{zg kmf=g+=13=3

æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu

j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft -SLR_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
-dfl;s_
@) === ;fn ==================== dlxgf .

;/sf/L j}wflgs ;/sf/L j}wflgs

CRR df s"n sfod CRR df s"n sfod
C0fkq / t/ntfsf] C0fkq / t/ntfsf]
a9L ePsf] u/]sf] a9L ePsf] u/]sf]
ut] 6]«h/L /sd nflu sn ut] 6]«h/L /sd nflu sn
j}wflgs j}wflgs
ljN;df vftfdf ljN;df vftfdf
t/ntf t/ntf
nufgL /x]sf] /sd nufgL /x]sf] /sd
! !&
@ !*
# !(
$ @)
% @!
^ @@
& @#
* @$
( @%
!) @^
!! @&
!@ @*
!# @(
!$ #)
!% #!
!^ #@
sfod u/]sf] cf};t j}wflgs t/ntf -s_
cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] cGTodf /x]sf] :jb]zL lgIf]k bfloTj -v_
sfod ug'{ kg]{ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft -u_Ö-v_ × %
a9L÷gk'u /sd -3_ Ö -s_—-u_

ldltM clws[tM

183
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !$÷)^&

laifoM zfvf÷sfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] zfvf÷sfof{no Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 M–
!= zfvf÷sfof{no vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ b]xfosf] cj:yf k"/f u/]sf æsÆ / ævÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:Yffn] gofF zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng
;Sg]5g\ M
-c_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu k|:tfljt :yfg ljQLo ?kn] ;DefJo /x]sf] :ynut cWoog
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ .
-cf_ o; a}+ssf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf lgb]{zgn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f u/]sf] jf rfn'
cf=j= sf] nflu r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f ug{ ;do lbPsf]df ;f] ;doleq k'FhL j[l4 ug]{ u/L tof/
ul/Psf] k'FhL of]hgf jdf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;+kfbg e}/x]sf] Joxf]/f o; a}+s ;dIf k]z ul/;s]sf] .
-O_ o; a}sjf6 Ohfhhkq k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k"/f ug{'sf ;fy} zfvf vf]Ng' cufl8sf]
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k"/f u/]sf] .
-O{_ zfvf sfof{nodf ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]6jls{Ë (Networking) u/L jf ljB'tLo
dfWodjf6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn cfj4 x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] .
-p_ l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ (NPL) % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf] .
-pm_ zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf÷;+rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6
ug'{ kg]{ . ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] !% lbg leq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{
u/fpg' kg]{ . o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgfleqdf zfvf sfof{no vf]nL
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul/ ;Sg' kg]{ .
-P_ sf7df08f}+ pkTosf aflx/ Pp6f gofF zfvf :yfkgf u/L sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]kZrft dfly
v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -c_ b]lv -p_ df pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ cj:yf, zt{ / k|s[of k"/f u/]sf]
cj:yfdf dfq sf7df08f} pkTosfdf Pp6f zfvf vf]Ng kfOg]5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu
@)^$ cfiff9 d;fGtnfO{ cfwf/dfgL ;f] ldlt kl5 o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L lbO{ v'n]sf
zfvfx?nfO{ pkTosfleq / aflx/sf zfvf sfof{nosf] k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g] .
-P]_ tf]lsPsf lhNnfx?df dfq sfo{If]q /x]sf ævÆ ju{sf] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] dfly plNnlvt
-c b]lv p ;Dd_ cj:yf tyf zt{x? k"/f u/]kl5 cfˆgf] sfo{If]qleq zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng
;Sg] .
-v_ b]xfosf] cj:yf k"/f u/]sf æuÆ ju{sf] O{hfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLs[t sfo{If]qsf] cwLgdf /xL gofF
zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng ;Sg]5g\ M
-c_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu k|:tfljt :yfg ljQLo ?kn] ;DefJo /x]sf] :ynut cWoog
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ .
-cf_ o; a}+ssf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf lgb]{zgn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f u/]sf] jf rfn'
cf=j sf] nflu r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f ug{ ;do lbPsf]df ;f] ;doleq k'FhL j[l4 ug]{ u/L tof/
ul/Psf] k'FhL of]hgf jdf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;+rfng e}/x]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+s ;dIf k]z
ul/;s]sf] .
-O_ o; a}sjf6 Ohfhhkq k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k"/f ug'{sf ;fy} zfvf vf]Ng' cufl8sf]
q}]dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k"/f u/]sf] .
-O{_ zfvf sfof{nodf ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]6jls{Ë (Networking) u/L jf ljB'tLo
dfWodjf6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn cfj4 x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] .
-p_ l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ (NPL) % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf]] .
-pm_ zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf÷;+rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6

184
 ug'{ kg]{ . ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] !% lbg leq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{
u/fpg' kg]{ . o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgfleqdf zfvf sfof{no vf]nL
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul/;Sg' kg]{ .
-P_ pkv08 -cf_ adf]lhdsf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f ug'{sf cltl/Qm k|lt zfvf ?= %) nfvsf
b/n] cltl/Qm r'Qmf k'FhL yk ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf sf7df08f}+ pkTosf jflx/ Pp6f / k|lt
zfvf ?= @=)) s/f]8sf b/n] cltl/Qm r'Qmf k'FhL yk ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf sf7df08f}+
pkTosfdf Pp6f gofF zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng ;Sg]5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+:yfsf] Go"gtd
r'Qmf k'FhL ?= @) s/]f8 jf @)^$ cfiff9 d;fGtdf sfod /x]sf] r'Qmf k'FhLnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL
x/]s aif{ k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/ ;dfg'kflts ?kdf k'/\ofpg'kg]{ k'FhLsf cltl/Qm pk/f]Qm
cg';f/sf] yk k'FhLsf] Joj:yf u/]df dfq zfvfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
-P]_ sf7df08f}+ pkTosf aflx/ Pp6f gofF zfvf :yfkgf u/L sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]kZrft dfly
v08 -v_ sf] pkv08 -c_ b]lv -P_ df pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ zt{, cj:yf / k|s[of k"/f u/]sf]
cj:yfdf dfq sf7df08f} pkTosfdf Pp6f zfvf vf]Ng kfOg]5 . @)^$ cfiff9 d;fGtnfO{
cfwf/dfgL ;f] ldlt kl5 o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L lbO{ v'n]sf zfvfx?nfO{ pkTosf leq /
aflx/sf zfvfx? sfof{nosf] k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-u_ b]xfosf] cj:yf k"/f u/]sf æ3Æ ju{sf] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLs[t sfo{If]qsf] cwLgdf /xL gofF
zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng ;Sg]5g\ M
-c_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k"/f u/]sf æ3Æ ju{sf ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] sfo{If]q leq
zfvf÷sfof{no vf]Ng, jGb ug{, :yfgfGt/0f jf ufEg] sfo{ ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng
cfjZos kg]{ 5}g . zfvf :yfgfGt/0f, aGb jf vf]Ng] sfo{ u/L ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L !%
lbgleq o; a}+snfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-cf_ n3' ljQsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfn] @)^$ cfiff9df sfod /x]sf] r'Qmf
k'FhLdf ? @% nfv jf ;f] sf b/n] yk u/]df xfn sfod /x]sf] ef}uf]lns If]q;+u hf]l8Psf]
yk Ps lhNnf jf ;f]xL cg'kftdf r"Qmf k'FhL a[l4 u/]df yk lhNnfx?df ;d]t sfo{If]q yk
u/L zfvf lj:tf/ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L yk lhNnfx?df sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ug{ rfxg]
;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] r'Qmf k'FhLdf yk ePsf] ljj/0f n]vfk/LIfsjf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ o; a]}ssf]
lgodg ljefu / ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ ljz]if Joj:yf cGt/ut gu/kflnsf jf ufFp ljsf; ;ldltdf :yfkgf u/L ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng
ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] zfvf sfof{no tyf cGo s'g} klg yk sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-8=_ zfvf ÷sfof{no vf]Ng] lg0f{o ubf{ jf ;+rfngsf] ;dodf dfly plNnlvt zt{ tyf Joj:yfx? k"/f
gePsf / Joj:yfkg ;'wf/sf] k|s[ofdf /x]sf ;+:yfx?n] laz]if cj:yfdf o; a}sn] tf]lslbPsf]
zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL zfvf sfof{no÷cGo sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ kfpg]5 .
-r_ o; a}sjf6 :jLs[lt lnO{;s]sf t/ xfn;Dd zfvf sfof{nojf6 ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng gul/;s]sf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;d]t dfly s / v df plNnlvt zt{ tyf Joj:yfx? k"/f u/]sf]
cj:yfdf dfq zfvf sfof{no vf]nL sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng ug{ kfpFg] 5g\ .
@= zfvf÷sfof{no aGb tyf :yfgfGt/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
-s_ æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt ljgf zfvf jf s'g} klg
lsl;dsf] sfof{no aGb ug{ jf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ jf ufEg kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-v_ æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] dxfgu/kflnsf,pk–dxfgu/kflnsf /
gu/kflnsfsf] ;f]xL j8fleq tyf uf=lj=;=sf] xsdf ;f]xL uf=lj=;=leq zfvf sfof{no :yfgfGt/0f
ug'{ k/]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ :yfgfGt/0f u/L & lbgleq ;f]sf]
hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-Uf_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] s]Gb||Lo÷/lhi68{ sfof{no -skf]{/]6 sfof{no_ sf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ug{ jf
:yfgfGt/0f ug{ rfx]df k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL cfˆgf] k|jGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf kl/dfh{g÷
Joj:yf u/] o; a}ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
#= zfvf÷pkzfvfx? k"j{jt :yfgdf sfod ug]{ ;DaGwdf
ljutdf ;'/Iffsf] sf/0faf6 o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{÷glnO{ o; a}+snfO{ ;"rgf dfq lbP/ aGb ul/Psf÷
uflePsf zfvf÷pkzfvfx? k"j{jt ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO/xg' kg]{ 5}g . To;/L k"j{jt
?kdf ;~rfng eP kl5 ;f] sf] hfgsf/L & lbg leq o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

185
$= sfof{no ;do ;DjGwL Aoj:yf
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s v'n]sf] lbg / ;dodf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] clgjfo{ ?kdf cfˆgf] sfof{no ;~rfng ug'{
kg]{5 . t/, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s v'n]sf] lbg / ;dosf cltl/Qm ;do tyf cGo ljbfsf
lbg / ;dodf cfˆgf] sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ug'{ k/]df o; a}ssf] a+}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf ;f]sf] k"j{ hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf lbO{ sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
%= PS;6]G;g sfp06/ tyf ;Dks{ sfof{no ;DjGwL Joj:yf
o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if sfod u/]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] s'g} sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 vf]n]sf]
jf vf]Ng] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ ;DjGwdf b]xfo cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ sf7df08f} pkTosf,dxfgu/kflnsf tyf pkdxfgu/kflnsf leq PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng lbOg] 5}g .
t/, Jofkfl/s pT;j, d]nf, k]G;g tyf ahf/ ;+rfng x'g] :yndf 5f]6f] cjlw cyf{t a9Ldf #%
lbgsf] nflu lgIf]k ;+sng,r]ssf] e'QmfgL / ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;6xL sfo{ dfq ug]{ u/L o; a}+snfO{ k"j{
hfgsf/L lbO{ To:tf] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng ;lsg]5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt If]q afx]s cGo :yfgdf æsÆ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfsf]
s'g}] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ vf]Ng ;lsg]5 . o;/L vf]lnPsf PS;6]G;g
sfp06/af6 lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ / lgIf]k vftfaf6 e'QmfgL lbg kfOg]5 . ljb]zL d'b|fsf] vl/b÷ljqmL
sfo{sf] xsdf o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo ljefusf] Ohfhtkq cfjZos kg{]5 .
-u_ æsÆ / ævÆ ju{sf] O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt k|fKt u/L o; a}+s kl/;/
jl/kl/, cbfnt kl/;/, c:ktfn, ljb]zL s'6g}lts lgof]ux?sf] xftfleq tyf ljb]zdf sfd ug]{
g]kfnLsf] nflu k]G;g ljt/0f tyf /fh:j ;+sng ÷;/sf/L sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu
vf]lng] sfp06/x?af6 :jb]zL d'b|fdf lgIf]k ;+sng tyf e'QmfgL ug{ jfx]s cGo s'g} klg ljQLo
sf/f]jf/ ug{ gkfOg] u/L PS;6]G;g sfp06/ ;~rfng ug{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . To:t}
6]lnkmf]g, ljB't, vfg]kfgL dxz'n tyf jLdf lk|ldod /sd ;+sng ug]{ k|of]hgafx]s cGo s'g} klg
sfo{ ug{ gkfpg] u/L To:tf] sfo{ ug]{ sfof{nosf] xftfleq PS;6]G;g sfp06/ ;~rfng ug{
:jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
;fy}, o;/L vf]lng] PS;6]G;g sfp06/ vf]Ng] ;DjGwL :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{ v08 æsÆ sf] Joj:yf
nfu" gx'g] t/, zfvf sfof{no vf]Ngsf] nflu tf]lsPsf Joj:yfx? kfngf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-3_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k"/f u/]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt k|fKt
u/L j}b]lzs /]ld6\ofG; /sd (Remittance) e'QmfgL ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu /]ld6\ofG; e'QmfgL sfp06/
;+rfng ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-8=_ a}b]lzs z]o/ nufgL ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf :yfkgf ePsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] dfq o; a}+sn]
tf]s]sf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ;Dks{÷k|ltlglw sfof{no vf]Ng kfpg] 5g\ .
^= zfvf /lxt a}+ls+u ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Joj;flos k|ltlglwsf] ;xfotfn] Point of Transaction Machine -POT_ sf] dfWodaf6 Smart Card sf] k|of]u
u/L b'u{d÷u|fdL0f If]qdf ;+rfng ul/g] zfvf/lxt a}+lsu -Branchless Banking_ ;]jf ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ rfxg]
æsÆ ju{sf afl0fHo a}+s / /fli6«o:t/sf ævÆ ju{sf ljsf; a}+sx?nfO{ dfq b]xfosf] Joj:yf tyf zt{x?sf]
clwgdf /xL g]kfnsf] sf7df08f}+ pkTosfleqsf gu/kflnsf÷pk–dxfgu/kflnsf÷dxfgu/kflnsf afx]ssf
If]qx?df dfq zfvf /lxt a}+lsu ;DaGwL ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ cg'dlt k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M
!= zfvf /lxt a}+lsu ;DaGwL ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ rfxg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] zfvf/lxt a}+lsu
;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ d]lzgsf] sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{ IfdtfnfO{ k|fljlws ?kdf d"Nof+sg u/]/ tyf d]l;g
cfk"lt{ ug]{ sDkgL;+u Memorandom of Understanding u/]/ o;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{] .
@= zfvf /lxt a}+lsu ;DaGwL sfo{ ;+rfng ug{ rfxg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] To;sf] nflu cfjZos
k|fljlws k"jf{wf/ -Hardware, Software, Data Communication/Transmission Mechanism cflb_
/ cfjZos bIf hgzlQmsf] af/]df o; a}+s ;dIf hfgsf/L lbP/ dfq sf/f]af/ z'? ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= ljBdfg ;+rf/ ;fwg -PSTN, Cellular Communications_ sf] dfWodaf6 Pp6f oGqsf] ;xfotfn]
sf/f]jf/ ubf{ ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ kIf ;'/Iff k|0ffnLnfO{ dha't agfO{ hf]lvd lgoGq0f ug'{ kg]{ . h;
cg';f/,M
ƒ ;DalGwt a}+sn] zfvf/lxt a}+lsu ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ Industry Standard Security Features
kfngf÷sfod u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .

186
 ƒ a}+ssf]Network / Database k"0f{ ;'/lIft /xg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ .
ƒ Software vl/b u/]sf] v08df Software License sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf] cflwsfl/s
ljqm]tf -Authorised Vendor_ ;+u ;+emf}tf u/L ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ .
ƒ zfvf /lxt a}+lsusf nflu k|of]u x'g] k|ljlw ;'/lIft x'g' kg]{ / o;n] Confidentiality,
Integrity, Authenticity cflbnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug'{ kg]{ .
ƒ To:tf] ;]jfdf ;+nUg x'g] gub tyf cGo ;DklQsf] aLdf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
ƒ k|fljlws Joj:yfkgdf s'g} ;d:of cfO{ lgIf]k tyf e'QmfgL sf/f]af/ k|efljt eO{ Database
Iflt ePdf ;f] Ifltsf] k"0f{ hjfkmb]lxtf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] g} x'g] .
ƒ Joj;flos k|ltlglw -Business Correspondent_ sf] ;'/Iff l:ylt tyf :yfg ljZf]if x]/L
zfvf/lxt a}+lsu ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ rfxg] æsÆ ju{sf afl0fHo a}+s / /fli6«o:t/sf ævÆ
ju{sf ;+:yfn] sf/f]af/ /sdsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg] .
ƒ ;]jfdf ;+nUg a}+ssf] Joj;flos k|ltlglwsf] sf/f]af/ :yfg ;'/lIft tyf ;j{;'ne x'g' kg]{ .
$= zfvf /lxt a}+lsusf] dfWodaf6 g]kfnL ?k}ofsf] dfq lgIf]k tyf e'QmfgL ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ /
cGt/f{li6«o:t/df sf/f]jf/ -Cross Border Transaction_ ug{ / e'QmfgL ;]jfdf j}b]lzs d'b|fsf] k|of]u ug{
gkfOg] .
%= zfvf /lxt a}+lsu dfkm{t g]kfnleq lgIf]k :jLsf/ tyf e'QmfgL / shf{ sf/f]af/ dfq ug{ ;lsg] .
^= zfvf /lxt a}+lsu ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ hf]lvdsf] klxrfg / Joj:yfkgsf] bfloTj ;DalGwt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] g} x'g] .
&= o:tf] ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] Joj;flos k|ltlglwsf] sf/f]af/sf] k|ToIf lgoGq0f ug{ ;DalGwt a}+sn]
glhssf] zfvf jf Parent zfvf tf]Sg' kg]{ .
*= b}lgs sf/f]jf/ ;DkGg ePkZrft ;DalGwt glhssf] zfvf jf Parent zfvf jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf
Data Transfer clgjfo{ u/L pko'Qm Backup sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
(= zfvf /lxt a}+lsu sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns
;ldltaf6 ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
!)= dfly pNn]lvt zt{x?, cGo k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL o; a}+ssf]
k"j{:jLs[lt lnP/ dfq e'QmfgL ;]jf tyf lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ sfo{ ug{ ;lsg] .
&= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf afl0fHo a}+s / /fli6«o:t/sf ævÆ ju{sf ljsf; a}+sx?n] a}+ls+u ;'ljwfsf] kx'Fr
gePsf] :yfgdf b]xfosf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf -Mobile Banking Service_
;+rfng ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ .
!= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf sf7df08f}+ pkTosfsf] dxfgu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf / gu/kflnsf afx]s
b]ze/ s'g} klg :yfgdf cfkm\gf] a}+ssf] s'g} glhssf] zfvfnfO{ ;Dks{÷lgoGq0f sfof{no tf]s]/
;+rfng÷ sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jfdf ;+nUg x'g] gub, dfu{:y gub -Cash in Transit_, ;jf/L ;fwg, sd{rf/L tyf
cGo ;DklQsf] aLdf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .
#= ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] of] ;]jf ;+rfng ubf{ cfOkg]{ ;'/Iff k|0ffnL nufotsf ;Dk"0f{
hf]lvd klxrfg / Joj:yfkg cfkm}+n] ug{' kg]{5 .
$= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf pknAw u/fP afkt ljBdfg k|rlnt ;]jf z'Ns afx]s cGo s'g}klg ;]jfz'Ns
;]jfu|fxL;+u lng kfOg] 5}g . sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f / k|efj u|fxssf] vftfdf tTsfn emNsg] Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] :yfg cflbsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;DalGwt lgsfo jf clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . cfjZostfg';f/ :yfgLo k|x/L, k|zf;g;+u
t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug{÷u/fpg ;Sg] u/L cfw'lgs ;+rf/ ;fwgsf] ;'ljwf x'g' kg]{5 .
^= ;'/Iff l:ylt tyf :yfg ljZf]if x]/L 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ rfxg] ;+:yfn] sf/f]af/ /sdsf]
;Ldf cfkm}+ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
&= 3'DtL a}+ls+usf] dfWodaf6 g]kfnL ?k}+ofdf dfq lgIf]k tyf e'QmfgL ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
*= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf pknAw u/fOg] :yfgdf xltof/ ;lxtsf] ;'/Iff uf8{ x'g' kg]{5 .

187
 (= a}+ssf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ljefun] 3'DtL a}+ls+u sf/f]af/nfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg lglZrt dfkb08
agfO{ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fdf ;f] ;DaGwL sf/f]af/nfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\g' kg]{5 .
!)= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf ;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] lgIf]k ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ tyf /]ld6\ofG; ;]jf pknAw
u/fpg] afx]ssf cGo ;]jf ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
!!= ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] of] ;]jf ;+rfng ubf{ k|of]u ug]{ ;jf/L ;fwgdf cfjZos ;]jf
k|bfg ug{ k"jf{wf/ / ;"rgf k|0ffnL h8fg u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
!@= 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jfdf hfg] sd{rf/Ln] :jLs[t ef}uf]lns If]qdf dfq uPsf] k|dfl0ft x'g] ;jf/L ;fwgsf]
nu a's tyf cGo sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
!#= a}+ssf] Network / Database k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g' kg]{5 . k|fljlws Joj:yfkgdf s'g} ;d:of cfO{ lgIf]k
tyf e'QmfgL sf/f]af/ k|efljt eO{ Database Iflt ePdf ;f] Ifltsf] k"0f{ hjfkmb]lxtf ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] g} x'g]5 .
!$= Software Data nfO{ ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn k|jfx / ;"rgf ljlgdo ug{ Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{ 5 .
!%= 3'DtL a}+ls+u sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltaf6
ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
!^= dfly pNn]lvt zt{x?, cGo k|rlnt sfg'g / o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL o; a}+ssf]
k"j{:jLs[lt lnP/ dfq 3'DtL a}+ls+u ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
*= æsÆ ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sx¿n] ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sx¿n] lgDgfg';f/sf zt{ tyf dfkb08x¿sf] clwgdf /xL ljb]zdf
zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] gLltut tyf k|s[ofut Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf]] 5 .
zt{ tyf dfkb08x?
-!_ zfvf lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu k|:tfljt :yfg ljQLo?kn] ;DefJo /x]sf] :ynut cWoog k|ltj]bg
-Feasibility Study Report) k|:tfljt Jofj;fosf] of]hgf, t'ngfTds nfut–nfe ljZn]if0f -Comparative
Cost-benefit Analysis), Jofj;flos /0fgLlt tyf ;+rfng ug]{ sf/f]af/sf] lsl;d, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f,
hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / Host Country ;+u g]kfnsf] låkIfLo ;DaGwsf] ljj/0f o; a}+s ;dIf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ æsÆ ju{sf] afl0fHo a}+sn] ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng cfj]bg k]z ubf{ Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL -xfn ?= @ ca{_
k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ h'g b]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ul/g] xf], ;f] b]z (Host Country) sf] lgofds lgsfon] tf]s]sf]
k'FhL -Assigned Capital_ k"/f ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] k'FhLsf] Joj:yfkg ul/g] ;|f]t ;d]t v'n]sf] ljj/0f
cfj]bgsf] ;fydf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ h'g b]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ul/g] xf], pQm b]zaf6 nfef+; (Dividend)÷d'gfkmfsf] ?kdf ljb]zL
d'b|fdf g]kfn leq\ofpg Pjd\ syd\sbflrt ljb]zl:yt zfvf sfof{no aGb ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf cfPdf
tf]lsPsf] k'FhL -Assigned Capital_ h'g ljb]zL d'b|fdf nluPsf] xf], ;f]xL ljb]zL d'b|fdf jf kl/jTo{
ljb]zL d'b|fdf clgjfo{ ¿kdf :jb]zdf lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ x'Fbf ;f] ;d]tsf ljifodf Host Country sf] P]g
tyf gLltut Joj:yfn] g/f]Sg] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; a}saf6 Ohfhhkq k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf zt{x? k"/f ug{'sf ;fy} ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng' cufl8sf]
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ ljb]zdf /x]sf] zfvf sfof{nodf ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]6jls{Ë (Networking) u/L jf
ljB'tLo dfWodjf6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf tTsfn cfj4 x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-&_ l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ (Non Performing Loan) kfFr k|ltzteGbf sd ePsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-*_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf÷;+rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ;DalGwt a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6
ug'{ kg]{5 . ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] !% lbg leq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ u/fpg'
kg]{ 5 . o; a}+snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] Ps ;o aL; lbgleqdf :jLs[lt lbOg] 5 . ljb]zdf zfvf
sfof{no :yfkgfsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleqdf zfvf sfof{no vf]nL sf/f]af/

188
 ;~rfng ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . pQm tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq zfvf sfof{no ;+rfng ug{ g;s]÷gePdf
:jLs[lt :jtM /2 x'g]5 / k'gM :yfkgf ug{] :jLs[ltsf] nflu gofF k|s[ofaf6 lgj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ o; a]}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / a}+s ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{ k|rlnt
Joj:yf adf]lhd ljQLo ljj/0fx?df ljb]zdf ;+rflnt zfvf sfof{nosf] ljQLo ljj/0f PsLs[t
-Consolidate_ tyf 5'§} -Separately_ ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] o; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt
ljgf pQm zfvf sfof{no aGb ug{ jf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ jf ufEg kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-!!_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljb]zL zfvf sfof{nosf]
7]ufgf kl/jt{g ug{ jf :yfgfGt/0f ug{ rfx]df o; a}ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-!@_ ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng rfxg] a}+sn] ;DalGwt Host Country n] tf]s]sf dfkb08 cg'?k No Objection
Letter k|fKt eP kZrft o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{ tyf gLltut Joj:yfx?sf] kfngf u/]kl5 o; a}+sn]
No Objection Letter k|bfg ug]{5 .
-!#_ ljb]zdf zfvf vf]Ng rfxg] a}+sn] ;DalGwt Host Country sf] lgofds ;+:yfsf] lgb]{zg / o; a}+sn]
tf]s] adf]lhdsf] k'FhLsf] ljj/0f / k'FhL kof{Kttf ;b}j k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-!$_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] k'FhL -Assigned Capital_ afx]ssf] s'g} klg /sd jf
kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f ljb]z n}hfg kfOg] 5}g .
-!%_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfn] u/]sf] Jofj;flos sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;Dk"0f{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ cfjZos x'g] /sd
tyf cGo s'g} klg bfloTj /fi6« a}+sn] dfu u/]sf] avt pknAw u/fpg] 5f}+ egL g]kfndf /x]sf] d'Vo
sDkgL -Parent Company_ sf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] lnlvt k|lta4tf o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-!^_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]jf/x?sf] lgodg / ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s / Host
Country sf] lgofds / ;'kl/j]Ifsdf cGtlg{lxt /xg]5 . k|rlnt Joj:yf adf]lhd To:tf zfvfx?sf]
cfjlws ?kdf u}/ :ynut -Off-site_ tyf :ynut -On-site_ ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ lgoldt ?kdf ul/g]5 .
;f] ;'kl/j]If0fsf] sfo{sf] nflu ;DalGwt a}+sn] ;+:yfut 9+un] g} ;'kl/j]IfsnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!&_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg, kl/kq,
dfu{bz{g OToflb -cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf] cj:yfdf afx]s_ ljb]zl:yt zfvfsf] xsdf ;d]t nfu"
x'g]5 . To:tf zfvfx?sf] nflu s'g} ljz]if Joj:yf ug'{ k/]df jf lgsfzf lbg' k/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn]
cfjZostfg';f/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . gLltut lgb]{zg tyf sfg'gsf] kfngf gu/]df k|rlnt /fli6«o tyf
cGt/f{li6«o k|rng cg';f/ sf/jfxL / b08 hl/jfgf ul/g] 5 .
-!*_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no :yfkgf ug]{ æsÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] o; k|of]hgsf] nflu cfj]bg
lb+bf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf kmf/fd e/L btf{ z'Ns afkt ?= b'O{ nfv -lkmtf{ gx'g]_ sf] g]=/f=a}+=
gf=gf]=cf=lx;fadf hDdf u/]sf] ef}r/sf] cw{s§L ;d]t k]z u/L cfj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-!(_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no ;+rfng ubf{ ckgfOg] a}+ls+u sfo{ljlw, shf{ lgb]{lzsf nufotsf sfuhft
oyf;do o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{kg]{5 . Host Country sf] lgofds jf ;'kl/j]Ifsn] nufPsf] b08,
h/Ljfgf tyf ;'zf;g ;DaGwL sf/jfxLsf] hfgsf/L !% lbgleq o; a}+ssf] lgodg ljefu /
;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@)_ ljb]zdf zfvf sfof{no ;+rfng ubf{ ;DklQ z'l4s/0f lgjf/0f P]gsf] kl/kfngf k"0f{ ?kn]
ug'{÷u/fpg' kg]{5 .
(= zfvf÷sfof{no ;DjGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] zfvf÷sfof{no ;DjGwL o; lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/L zfvf sfof{no vf]nL ;+rfng
u/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd b]xfosf sf/jfxL ul/g]5,
!_ k|s[of tyf zt{ k"/f gu/L vf]lnPsf zfvf tTsfn} aGb ul/g] / cfufdL @ jif{;Dd yk zfvf vf]Ng
gkfOg] .
@_ k|s[of tyf zt{ k"/f gu/L zfvf sfof{no ;+rfng ug]{ lg0f{odf ;+NfUg ;+rfnsx?nfO{ g]kfn /fi6«
a}s P]g @)%*, sf] bkmf !)) -@_ jdf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL / ;hfo x'g] .
#_ a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g, @)^# / k|rlnt cGo sfg'g jdf]lhd s'g} klg sf/jfxL ug{
;lsg] .

189
!)= sf/f]jf/ ug'{ cufj} kmf/fd eg'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] o; lgb]{zg jdf]lhd zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng] lg0f{o u/L sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng ug'{ cufj}
o;};fy ;+nUg cg';"rL !$=! jdf]lhdsf] kmf/fd e/L o; a}snfO{ pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;f] ;DjGwdf o;
a+}sn] s'g} s}lkmot hgfPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] sf] kfngf u/]/ dfq zfvf sfof{no ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{5 .
!!= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] zfvf ÷sfof{no ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !$÷)^^ af6 hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt
;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg cGt/ut eP u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg
adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

190
 cg';"rL !$=!
zfvf÷sfof{no vf]Ng] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0fsf] 9fFrf
ldltM =======================
>L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+ .
laifoM zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng] hfgsf/L jf/] .
dxfzo,
To; a}+ssf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg g+= !$÷)^& n] tf]s]sf zt{x?sf] k"0f{ kfngf u/L ldlt @)=====. . b]lv b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] :yfgdf zfvf sfof{no÷PS6]G;g sfof{no vf]Ng] u/L o; a}+ssf] ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o g+= ===== ldlt
=================== af6 lg0f{o ePsf] x'Fbf To+xfsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .
!= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf M
@= ;+:yfsf] ljj/0f
-s_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ldlt M
-v_ ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng u/]sf] ldlt M
-u_ ;+:yfsf] l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] r'Qmf k'FhL M
-3_ ;+:yfsf] s"n shf{ /sd M
-ª_ kl5Nnf] cf=j= sf] clGtd n]vfk/LIfsjf6 k|dfl0ft s"n lgliqmo shf{ /sd / k|ltzt M
-r_ xfn;Dd ;+rfngdf /x]sf zfvf ;+Vof M
-5_ gofF zfvf sfof{no vf]n]kl5 x'g] zfvf ;+Vof M
-h_ @)^$ r}q d;fGtkl5 vf]lnPsf zfvfsf] ljj/0f -qmdfg';f/_
c_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/sf] ljj/0f M
cf_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf leqsf] ljj/0f M
#= k|:tfljt zfvfsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] / yk u/L x'g] s'n r'Qmf k'FhLsf] ljj/0f -…uÚ ju{sf] nflu_ M
$= k|:tfljt zfvfsf] nflu sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/ vf]lnPsf zfvfsf] ljj/0f M
%= zfvf sfof{no÷s]Gb|Lo sfof{no;Fu ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfgsf] nflu Joj:yf ul/Psf] ;"rgf k|ljlw (Networking)sf] ljj/0fM
^= ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/ hf/L u/]sf] ldlt M
&= q}dfl;s k'FhLsf]ifsf] k|ltztM
qodf; k|fylds k'FhL k|ltzt k'FhLsf]if k|ltzt
@)^== cfiff9
@)^== cflZjg
@)^== kf}if
@)^== r}q
*= k'FhL of]hgf adf]lhd÷g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd kl5Nnf] cf=a= sf] cGTodf,
-s_ k"/f x'g'kg]{ r'Qmf k'FhL M
-v_ xfn sfod /x]sf] r'Qmf k'FhL M
(= ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qsf] ljj/0f M
!)= zfvf sfof{no vf]Ng] lg0f{odf ;+nUg /x]sf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ljj/0f,
-s_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx? M
-v_ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t÷sDkgL ;lrj M
!!= ;+efJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg M
;fy}, o; a}sn] zfvf sfof{no ;+rfng ug]{ ldltdf ;d]t dfly plNnlvt ;Dk"0f{ zt{ tyf Joj:yfx? kfngf
ug]{5f} . dfly plNnlvt ljj/0fx? l7s ;fFrf] xf], s'g} ljj/0fdf km/s k/]df k|rlnt sfg'g tyf To; a}+ssf] PsLs[t lgb]{zg
g+= !$÷)^& df tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;hfo÷sf/jfxL ePdf d~h'/L ePsf] Joxf]/f ;d]t cjut u/fpFb5f}+ .

ejbLo,

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t

191
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !%÷)^&

laifoM Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf k|bfg ug]{ / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/ ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g,
@)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= Aofhb/ ;DjGwL Joj:yf
æsÆ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{
/ To:tf] Aofhb/sf] k|sf/ tyf sfo{ljlw cfkm+}n] lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
@= ;db/df Aofhb/ tf]Sg aGb]h
æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf afx]s cGo Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ tyf ;fk6df ;db/ (Flat rate) df
Aofhb/ tf]Sg kfpg] 5}g .
#= Aofhb/ lg0f{o u/fP/ nfu" ug'{ kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/, Aofh u0fgf ljlw, xhf{gf nufpg]
ljlw, ;]jf z'Ns / sldzg b/ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lg0f{o u/fO{ nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 . Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
lgIf]kdf k|bfg ug]{ k|sflzt Aofhb/df z"Go bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt laGb';Dd a9fpg ;Sg]5g\ eg] shf{sf]
Aofhb/sf] xsdf k|sflzt Aofhb/eGbf a9L b/ sfod ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
t/, -s_ cIfosf]if jf % jif{ eGbfa9L e'QmfgL cjlw ePsf]] lgIf]kdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf /
u|fxsjLrsf] cfk;L ;xdltsf] cfwf/df Aofhb/ sfod ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-v_ af]nsaf]n -Bidding_ sf] cfwf/df ;+sng x'g] ;+:yfut lgIf]ksf] xsdf k|sflzt Aofhb/sf]
Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$= Aofhb/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] x/]s qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] Aofh b/ o;
a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf clgjfo{?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
;fy}, Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] a'Fbf g+ # df plNnlvt Aofhb/ ;DjGwL ;Dk"0f{ Aoj:Yff Pj+ ljlwx? z'?df nfu"
ubf{ / To;kl5 k|To]s k6s ;+zf]wg ubf{ ;f]sf] k"0f{ ljj/0f ;ft lbgleq pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
%= Aofhb/ ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{
æsÆ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{ tyf ;fk6df lng] Aofhb/ ;+zf]wg
ubf{ a'Fbf g+ $ jdf]lhdsf] ljj/0f /fli6«o :t/sf ;+:yfx?n] sDtLdf ^ dlxgfsf] ! k6s /fli6«o b}lgs klqsf
dfkm{t\ / If]qLo :t/sf ;+:yfn] If]qLo÷lhNnf :t/sf klqsf dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy},
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] rNtL tyf jrt vftfdf sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd df}Hbftsf] /sd yk36 u/]sf]
cj:yfdf ;d]t klqsf dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
t/, æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF; u/L ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/L x'g] Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
^= Aofh cfDbfgL hgfpg] Joj:Yff
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ ;fk6df k|fKt x'g'kg]{ AofhnfO{ gub k|flKtsf] cfwf/df dfq
cfDbfgL hgfpg' kg]{5 . kfs]sf] t/ gubdf c;'n x'g g;s]sf] AofhnfO{ h'g jif{df c;'n ePsf] xf] ;f]xL
jif{df dfq cfDbfgL jfFwL ;f] sf] lx;fj ldnfg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DalGwt cjlwe/df kfs]sf] AofhnfO{ ækfpg' kg]{
Aofh lx;fjÆ df vr{ n]vL æAofh d'NtjL lx;fjÆ df hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= Aofh k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|jflxt shf{÷;fk6df q}dfl;s ?kdf Aofh c;'n ug]{ u/]sf] cj:yfdf
lgIf]kstf{sf] artvftfdf klg sDtLdf #÷# dlxgfdf Aofh k|bfg ug]{ u/L hDdf u/fOlbg' kg]{5 .

192
 lgIf]kstf{nfO{ lbg] Aofh ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgIf]k bfloTjdf Aofh k|bfg ug]{ gLlt adf]lhd
;fKtflxs, dfl;s, q}dfl;s jf cGo h'g cjlwsf] cfwf/df Aofh u0fgf ug]{ xf] ;f] cjlwsf] sDtLdf cf};t
df}Hbft -Average Deposit Balance_ df k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
l6Kk0fLM– cf};t lgIf]k df}Hbft eGgfn] b}lgs sf/f]jf/ ;dflKt kZrft sfod x'g cfPsf] b}lgs clGtd df}Hbft
-Closing Balance_ sf] cf};t eGg] ;Demg' k5{ . -pbfx/0fsf] nflu Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] shf{
tyf ;fk6sf] aSof}tf /sddf Aofh u0fgf ug]{ ljlw h;/L cjnDag u/]sf 5g\ ;f]xL ljlw adf]lhdsf] Aofh u0fgf
ug{'÷u/fpg' kg]{5 . _
*= Aofhb/ ;DjGwL Joa:yf kfngf gu/]df x'g] sf/jfxL
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] Aofhb/;DjGwL lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* adf]lhd
sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
(= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] Aofhb/ ;DaGwL O=k|f lgb]{zg g+= !%÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f]
kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

193
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !^÷)^&

laifoM ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;+sng ug{]{ ljQLo >f]t ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf
&( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;Ldf
-!_ æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL s'g} ;Ldf nfUg] 5}g . t/,
;fk6Lsf] xsdf cfkm\gf] s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] a9Ldf Ps ltxfO;Dd kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ævÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf lj; u'0ff;Dd ljQLo >f]t -Aofh jf
ljgf Aofhdf :jLsf/ ul/g] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k, ;fk6L / ljleGg lsl;dsf C0f pks/0fx?_ ;+sng
ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/, ;fk6Lsf] xsdf cfkm\gf] s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] a9Ldf Ps ltxfO;Dd kl/rfng ug{
;Sg]5 .
-#_ æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf kGw| u'0ff;Dd ljQLo >f]t -Aofh jf
ljgf Aofhdf :jLsf/ ul/g] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k, ;fk6L / ljleGg lsl;dsf C0f pks/0fx?_ ;+sng
ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/, ;fk6Lsf] xsdf cfkm\gf] s'n lgIf]k bfloTjsf] a9Ldf Ps ltxfO;Dd kl/rfng ug{
;Sg]5 .
-$_ æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf lt; u'0ff;Dd ljQLo >f]t
kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/, o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= !@ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s u}/ ;b:ox?jf6 lgIf]k
kl/rfng ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0fMM– æljQLo >f]tÆ eGgfn] ;d"x ;b:ox?af6 lgIf]k, ;fk6L / l8j]~r/af6 ;+slnt /sd ;Demg'
kb{5 .
-%_ ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;Ldf cg'udg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;df sfod /x]sf]
k|fylds k'FhLnfO{ cfwf/ dflgg]5 .
@= ;+:yfut lgIf]k ;+sng ;Ldf
æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] s'g} Pp6f kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfaf6 cfkm\gf] s'n
lgIf]ksf] a9Ldf la; k|ltzt;Ddsf] ;Ldfdf gj9\g] u/L ;+:yfut lgIf]k kl/rfng ug{ kfpg] 5 .
# lgIf]k ;+sng tyf e'QmfgL ;DjGwL lgod tyf k|s[of agfO{ nfu" ug'{ kg]{
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug]{ lgIf]ksf] cjlw, k|sf/ cflb ;Dk"0f{ lgod tyf sfo{ljlwsf jf/]df
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf cfkm}n] lgod agfO{ nfu" ug{' kg]{5 / To:tf] lgod tyf sfo{ljlw o; a}+ssf]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu / ;DjlGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] bz jif{b]lv rNtL gePsf tyf xs bfjL gk/]sf lgIf]k vftfx?sf] ljj/0f
k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] dlxgfleq o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] nfef+z 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd klg ;DalGwt z]o/wgL jf lghsf]
xsjfnf ;f] nfef+z lng gcfPdf To:tf z]o/wgLsf] nfef+zsf] ljj/0f k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf]
dlxgfleq o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd rNtL gePsf jf bfjL gk/]sf lgIf]kx? jf
ljt/0f gePsf] nfef+zsf] ljj/0f dfly plNnlvt cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq /fli6«o:t/sf]
kqklqsfdf sDtLdf Psk6s k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;"rgf k|sflzt x'Fbf ;d]t To:tf] /sd e'QmfgL
gePdf pQm /sdnfO{ o; a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]] k|fs[lts JolQm jf gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zo g/fvL :yfkgf ePsf ;+3÷ ;+:yfx?
-x'nfs art a}+s ;d]t_ sf] xsdf dfq art vftf vf]Ng ;Sg]5 . k|fs[lts JolQm÷gfkmf sdfpg]
p2]Zo g/fvL :yflkt ;+:yfx? afx]s cGo ;+:yf÷lgsfojf6 art vftf vf]n]sf] cj:yfdf cljnDj
aGb ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, :jLsfo{ a}+lsË dfGotf cg'?k ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] r]sa's hf/L ug]{ vftf tyf
hf/L gug]{ vftf 5'§ofO{ ;f]xL cfwf/df r]sa's hf/L ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

194
 t/, pQm Joj:yfn] k|fs[lts JolQm afx]ssf cGo ;+3, ;+:yf, sDkgL nufotsf ck|fs[lts JolQmn]
Aofh cfh{g x'g] u/L art vftf afx]ssf cGo vftf vf]Ng afwf k'¥ofpg] 5}g .
$ ;fk6L lng ;Sg]
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] a'Fbf g+= ! df plNnlvt ;Ldfleq /xL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf, JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf;+u ;fk6L lng ;Sg] 5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf cGt//fli6«o ;+3÷;+:yfaf6 s'g}
cfly{s ;xfotf jf C0f lng'k/]df Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
%= l8a]~r/ tyf cGo C0f pks/0fx? hf/L ug{] ;DaGwL Joj:yf
b]xfodf plNnlvt zt{x? k"/f u/]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] a'Fbf g+= ! sf] clwgdf /xL a9Ldf cfkm\gf]
k|fylds k'FhLsf] krf; k|ltzt;Ddsf] l8a]~r/÷cGo C0f pks/0f hf/L ug{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu o; a}+sdf
lgj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] lgj]bg dfly cfjZos 5fgjLg u/L pko'Qm 7fg]df o; a}+sn] l8a]~r/ tyf
cGo C0f pks/0f hf/L ug{] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 M–
-!_ ljQLo sf/f]af/ k|f/De u/]sf] kfFr jif{ k"/f ePsf],
-@_ ;j{;fwf/0fdf ljqmL ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{ z]o/ ljqmL ljt/0f u/L lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t
eO;s]sf],
-#_ ;+lrt gf]S;fgL afFsL g/x]sf] .
t/, l8a]~r/ tyf cGo C0f pks/0f hf/L ug{ :jLs[lt lng] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] Discount
Factor cGt/ut /fVg' kg]{ Capital Redemption Reserve clgjfo{ ?kdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
^= lgIf]k sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cGo k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf shf{sf]
sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k /fVg tyf shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g . t/, n3' ljQsf] yf]s
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ u/L :yfkgf ePsf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf pko{'Qm Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
&= ;LdfeGbf a9L ljQLo >f]t ;+sng u/]df ;Ldfleq Nofpg] ;dofjlw
…vÚ / …uÚ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgn] tf]s]sf] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL
Joj:yfsf] ;Ldf eGbf a9L x'g] u/L ;fk6L (Borrowings) lng] tyf kl/rfng u/] ePsf] ca:yfdf b]xfo
cg';f/sf] Joj:yf sfod x'g] 5 M–
-!_ ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zgdf tf]lsPsf] ;LdfeGbf a9L ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng
u/]sf] kfOPdf To;/L ;LdfeGbf a9L ;+sng ul/Psf] ljQLo ;|f]tdf To:tf] ;Ldfdf gcfP;Ddsf]
cjlwsf] nfuL b}lgs ?kdf k|rlnt a}+sb/n] x'g cfpg] /sd xhf{gf :j?k ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{
nufpg ;lsg] 5 . ;fy}, To:tf] ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{ ;d]t ?= Ps nfv;Dd
hl/jfgf nufpg ;lsg] 5 / o:tf] /sd sfo{sf/L k|d'vaf6 JolQmut ?kdf c;'npk/ ul/g] 5 .
-@_ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] ;a}eGbf kl5Nnf] ljQLo ljj/0faf6 sfod x'g cfpg]
k|fylds k'FhLnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
-#_ ;fk6L ;DaGwL b}lgs ljj/0f xfn o; a}+s ;dIf k]z x'Fb} cfPsf] clgjfo{ df}Hbft ;DaGwL ;fKtflxs
ljj/0f -lgb]{zg kmf=g+= !#=!_ df Pp6f 5'§} ;fk6L zLif{s sfod u/L ;fk6L lnOPsf] s'n /sd v'nfpg'
kg]{5 .
*= ;fj{hlgs z]o/ lgisfzg ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;+rfngdf cfPsf] ldltn] a9Ldf b'O{ jif{leq ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu
5'6\ofOPsf] z]o/ laqmL ljt/0f u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;fy}, k|rlnt lwtf]kq ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL
;fj{hlgs ?kdf k'gM z]o/ lgisfzg (Further Public Issue) ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
(= z]o/ lgIf]k of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg]
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf -s, v / u ju{_ n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf zt{ cGtu{t /xL z]o/ lgIf]k
(Share Deposit_ of]hgfx? ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg]] 5g\ M–
-s_ z]o/ lgIf]k of]hgf cGtu{t jrt ug]{ artstf{x¿n] pQm sDkgLsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ -;+:yfks
;d"x_ rfx]sf] cj:yfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# tyf o; a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf]
PsLs[t lgb]{zg tyf Ohfhtkq k|bfg ul/g] gLltdf pNn]v ePsf k|fjwfgx¿ cg';f/ ;+:yfks x'g
tf]lsPsf] of]Uotfx¿ k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .

195
 -v_ z]o/ lgIf]k of]hgf cGtu{t hDdf ePsf] lgIf]knfO{ ;fwf/0f z]o/df -;+:yfks ;d"x_ kl/jt{g ug{
rfxg] lgIf]kstf{x¿n] lwtf]kq sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwL k|rlnt P]gdf pNn]v ePsf Joj:yf Pj+ k|lqmofx¿
kfngf ug'{ kg]{ / o;/L jrtstf{x¿nfO{ ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ k|bfg ug]{ ;dodf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{af6 ;d]t clgjfo{ ?kdf :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq OR5's artstf{x?nfO{
;+:yfks z]o/ lbg' kg]{ .
-u_ pQm of]hgf cGtu{t ;xefuL eO{ ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b ug{ rfxg] artstf{x¿nfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^#, o; a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf gLltut Joj:yfx¿ tyf cGo k|rlnt P]g,
sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL k|rlnt lwtf]kq ;DaGwL P]g, lgod, lgb]{lzsfsf] kfngf u/L cfjZos k|lqmof
k"/f u/]/ dfq ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ ;Sg] eGg] Joxf]/f ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Lsf nflu
k|sflzt x'g] ;fdu|L ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s gLlt÷lgoddf ;d]t :ki6;Fu pNn]v x'g' kg]{ .
!)= ;xfos cfjlws C0fkq tyf e'QmfgL of]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;'/If0f g/flvPsf] ;xfos cfjlws C0fkq (Subordinated Term Debt) / e'QmfgL
of]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ -Redeemable Non-Convertible Preference Share_ hf/L ubf{ o;
;DaGwL cGo Joj:yfsf cltl/Qm lgDg zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL ug{' kg]{]5 M–
-!_ C0fkq s'g} klg ;'/If0f g/fvL lgisfzg ug{' kg{],
-@_ C0fkqsf] cjlw tf]s]sf] x'g' kg]{,
-#_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/df k|bfg ul/g] Aofh÷nfef+; e'QmfgL ug]{ cjlw,
jflif{s Aofhb/ k|ltztdf tf]Sg' kg{], Aofhb/ kl/jt{g ug{ gkfOg] / cflh{t Aofh /sddf cfos/
P]g cg';f/ cfos/ nfUg]÷nufpg] Joj:yf ug{' kg{],
-$_ a}+s lj36g ePsf] cj:yfdf C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf] e'QmfgL
lgIf]kstf{eGbf kl5 dfq x'g],
-%_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ hf/L ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf leqdf g]kfn
lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df ;"rLs[t ug{' kg{],
-^_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ lgisfzg ug'{ cl3 tof/ ul/g] ljj/0fkq o;
a}+ssf] ;xdlt lnP/ dfq k|sflzt ug{' kg{],
-&_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ l;h{gf ul/g] C0fkq e'QmfgL
sf]if (Debt/Preferance Share Redemption Reserve) sf] Joj:yf ug{ lgDgfg';f/ sf]if l;h{gf u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{ .
-s_ lg:sfzg ul/Psf] cfly{s jif{ / e'QmfgL x'g] cfly{s jif{ To:tf] e'QmfgL sf]if (Redemption
Reserve) df s'g} /sd ljlgof]hg gu/] klg x'g],
-v_ e'QmfgL cjlw afFsL /x];Dd To;kl5sf k|To]s jif{ aflif{s d'gfkmfaf6 sDtLdf ;dfg'kflts
cfwf/df (Proportionate Basis) /sd 5'6\ofpg' kg]{,
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd ;dfg'kflts cfwf/df 5'6\ofpg' kg]{ /sd eGbf a9L /sd 5'6\ofpg]
ePdf s'g cfly{s jif{df slt /sd 5'6\ofpg] xf] :ki6 pNn]v ug{' kg{] .
-*_ Private Placement sf] cfwf/df laqmL ul/g] C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf]
;DaGwdf s'g} ;+3÷;+:yf;+u clu|d s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] eP ;f] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk k]z ug{' kg{],
-(_ olb s'g} kIfn] ;f] kIfnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ vl/b
gu/]df ;f] csf{] kIfnfO{ ljqmL ug{] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{,
-!)_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/df cflh{t Aofh nufgLstf{x?nfO{ slxn] e'QmfgL
ug]{ eGg] ljifodf ljj/0fkqsf] æAofh÷nfef+z e'QmfgL ug]{ ;do (Interest/Preferred Dividend
Payment Timing)Æ zLif{s cGtu{t :ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{,
-!!_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/df cfj]bg ug{] k|To]s cfj]bsnfO{ lghn] cfj]bg
u/]sf] /sddf cfj]bg u/]sf] ldltb]lv afF8kmfF8 x'g] lbg;Ddsf] cjlwsf nflu k|rlnt ahf/sf] b/n]
vl08t cjlwsf] Aofh (Broken Period Interest) k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ / ;f] ljifodf ljj/0fkqdf :ki6
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{,

196
 -!@_ C0fkq÷e'QmfgLof]Uo ckl/jt{gLo cu|flwsf/ z]o/ e'QmfgL u/]kl5 æe'QmfgL sf]if (Redemption
Reserve)Æ df s'g} /sd afFsL /xg uPdf To:tf] /sdnfO{ ljz]if hu]8f (Special Reserve) lx;fjdf
;fg'{ kg]{ .
!!= jLdf of]hgf ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{sf] avtdf g} vftfx? jLdf x'g] Joj:yf ug]{
ePdf jLldt vftfsf Ps} k|s[ltsf lgIf]kstf{x?sf aLrdf s'g} lje]b gx'g] tyf lgIf]kstf{nfO{ yk Jooef/
gkg]{ u/L o:tf] of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . jLdfn]v -Insurance Policy_ df pNn]v ul/g] ;]jf, zt{ /
;'ljwfx?sf] ;DaGwdf jLldt lgIf]kstf{nfO{ lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ s} avtdf :ki6 hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!@= Ohfhtkqk|fKt v'b|f n3'a}+ls+u sf/f]jf/ ug]{ -Retail Micro Banking) æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n]
;j{;fwf/0faf6 lgIf]k kl/rfng ug]{ ;DaGwdf
!= b]xfosf zt{x? k"/f u/]sf v'b|f n3'a}+lsËsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ …3Ú ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;j{;fwf/0faf6
o; a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ lgIf]k kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ M–
-s_ afÅo n]vfk/LIf0faf6 ljut # jif{b]lv v'b d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePsf] ,
-v_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if k"/f u/]sf] ,
-u_ k"j{ ;~rfng vr{ k"0f{?kdf ckn]vg ePsf] ,
-3_ k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf ;j{;fwf/0faf6 lgIf]k kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ePsf] ,
-ª_ jrt, shf{ nufgL gLlt / sf]if kl/rfng;DaGwL gLlt tof/ u/]sf] ,
-r_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+såf/f hf/L ;Dk"0f{ lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf ePsf] ,
-5_ l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;sf] ljj/0f cg';f/ lgis[o shf{ % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf] ,
-h_ s'n ;d"x ;+Vof sDtLdf %)) /x]sf] jf sDtLdf @%)) ;b:o;+u shf{ sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf,
-em_ ;+:yfn] cGo lgsfoaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] ;fk6L÷C0f zt k|ltzt cfˆgf u|fxsx?df nufgL u/]sf] .
@= pko'{Qm zt{x? k"/f u/L lgIf]k kl/rfng ug]{ n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?n] ;j{;fwf/0faf6 lgIf]k kl/rfng
ug]{ ;Ldf tyf cGo Joj:yf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] x'g]5 M–
-s_ cfkm\gf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] #) u'0ff;Dd ljQLo >f]t kl/rfng ug]{ ;Ldfleq /xL k|fylds k'FhLsf]
a9Ldf % u'0ff;Dd ;j{;fwf/0faf6 lgIf]ksf] ?kdf ljQLo >f]t kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
;j{;fwf/0faf6 ;+slnt lgIf]ksf] ;Ldfdf ;d"x ;b:ox?sf] art lgIf]k u0fgf x'g] 5}g .
-v_ jrt tyf @ jif{;Ddsf] d'2lt lgIf]k dfq kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-u_ s'g} Pp6f kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfaf6 cfkm\gf] s'n lgIf]ksf] j9Ldf la; k|ltzt;Ddsf]
;Ldfdf ga9\g] u/L ;+:yfut lgIf]k kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-3_ q}dfl;s ?kdf ;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] cj:yfaf/] cGt/ -Gap) cg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
!#= lgIf]k ;+sng sfo{nfO{ cfsif{s agfpg pkxf/ ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ gkfO{g] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lr6\7fdf cfwfl/t s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k pkxf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
t/, ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf lglZrt dfkb08x? cGtu{t kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ lgIf]kstf{x?sf aLrdf s'g}
lje]b gu/L To:tf ;a} lgIf]kstf{x?n] lgIf]k /sdsf] cfwf/df ;dfg?kdf pkxf/ k|fKt ug]{ u/L lgIf]k pkxf/
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ eg] o; Joj:yfn] s'g} afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!$= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ljQLo >f]t ;+sng ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !^÷)^^ af6
hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u
;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

197
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !&÷)^&

laifo: ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ shf{x?sf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn
/fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
1. æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] s'n afFsL shf{ ;fk6 -ljN; vl/b tyf l8:sfp06 ;d]t_ sf]
Go"gtd # k|ltzt, ævÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] s'n afFsL shf{ ;fk6 -ljN; vl/b tyf
l8:sfp06 ;d]t_ sf] @ k|ltzt / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] !=% k|ltzt ljkGg ju{df
shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
o; lgb]{zgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æljkGg ju{Æ eGgfn] Go"g cfo ePsf / vf;u/L ;fdflhs ?kdf lk5l8Psf
dlxnf, hghflt, blnt ju{, cGwf, alx/f, zfl//Ls ?kn] ckfË JolQmx?, ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo tyf
;fgfls;fg, sflnu9, dhb"/ / e"ldxLg kl/jf/nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 . ljkGg ju{sf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs
pTyfgsf] nflu ;~rfng x'g] :j/f]huf/d"ns n3' pBdx? ;~rfng ug{ o; a}+såf/f tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf;Dd
k|jfx x'g] n3' shf{nfO{ æljkGg ju{ shf{Æ elgPsf] 5 .
2. æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf tyf gofF vf]lng] jf :t/f]Gglt eO{
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] ! jif{kl5sf] q}dfl;s cjlwdf ^ dlxgf cl3sf] s"n afFsL shf{ ;fk6sf] cfwf/df
ljkGg ju{df clgjfo{ ?kn] shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
3. Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] lgDg cg';f/ k|ToIf ?kdf k|jfx u/]sf] shf{nfO{
ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ePsf] shf{df u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-s_ ljkGg jf Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ n3' Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|lt;d"x ;b:o÷JolQmnfO{
;fd"lxs÷ JolQmut hdfgtdf k|bfg u/]sf] a9Ldf ;f7L xhf/ ?k}ofF;Ddsf] n3' shf{ .
-v_ gjLs/0fLo phf{ k|ljlw cGtu{t krf; lsnf]jf6;Ddsf] n3' hnljB't kl/of]hgf -Micro Hydropower
Project_, 3/]n' ;f}o{ ljB't k|0ffnL -Solar Home System_, ;f}o{ r'nf] -Solar Cooker_, ;f}o{ 8f«o/ -Solar
Dryer_, ;f}o{ ljB't kDk -Solar Pump_, afof]UofF; -Biogas_, ;'wfl/Psf] kfgL 36\6 -Improved Water
Mill_, ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf] -Improved Cook Stoves_ / jfo' phf{ -Wind Energy_ k|of]hgdf k|ltkl/jf/
;f7L xhf/ ?k}ofFdf gj9\g] u/L k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ .
-u_ ljkGg jf Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ n3' pBd ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu :jLsf/of]Uo lwtf]÷;fd"lxs
hdfgLdf ;d"x ;b:onfO{ qmdzM a[l4 u/L k|ltJoj;fo Psnfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFdf gj9\g] u/L
pknJw u/fPsf] n3' pBd shf{ .
-3_ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] JolQmx?nfO{ /f]huf/bftf /fi6«sf /f]huf/bftf sDkgLx?af6 /f]huf/L tyf
ls:tfaGbLdf C0f c;'nL ul/lbg] ;DaGwL cfZjf;g kq (Assurance Letter) k]z ug{;Sg] Dofgkfj/
sDkgL / /f]huf/Ldf hfg] JolQmaLr lqkIfLo C0f ;Demf}tf u/L pknAw u/fPsf] k|ltJolQm ?=
Psnfv krf; xhf/;Ddsf] shf{ .
-ª_ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] JolQmx?nfO{ lwtf] lnO{ jf glnO{ pknAw u/fPsf] k|ltJolQm ?= Psnfv
krf; xhf/;Ddsf] shf{ .
-r_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] o'jf :j/f]huf/ tyf /f]huf/ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]
sfdbf/nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] a}+ssf] ;dGjodf s'g} klg æsÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
k|bfg u/]sf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ shf{ .
-5_ ljkGg ju{ shf{ k|fKt ug{ of]Uo JolQm÷;d'bfon] Psn jf ;fd'lxs?kdf un}rfsf] nflu cfjZos
kg]{ pmg pTkfbg ug]{ k|of]hgfy{ e]8fkfng ug{ jf un+}rf a'Gg] tfg /fVgsf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?jf6 :jLsf/of]Uo lwtf] lnO{ k|lt kl/jf/ ?=Ps nfv krf; xhf/df ga9\g] u/L k|jfx ePsf]
shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{sf] ?kdf u0fgf ul/g]5 . To;}u/L, ljkGg ju{ shf{ k|fKt ug{ of]Uo

198
 ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo tyf ;fgf ls;fg jf ls;fg ;d'bfon] dnvfb tyf jLpljhg vl/b,
;fd"lxs?kdf pTkfbg e08f/0fsf] nflu zLt e08f/ lgdf{0f, pTkfbgsf] jhf/Ls/0f, kz'kfng, ;fgf
l;+rfO{ s'nf], :ofnf] 6\o'jj]n h8fgh:tf p2]Zosf nflu klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6
:jLsf/of]Uo lwtf] lnO{ k|lt kl/jf/ ?=Ps nfv krf; xhf/df df ga9\g] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ .
4. æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 lgDg cg';f/ ck|ToIf ?kdf k|jfx ePsf] shf{nfO{
ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ePsf] shf{df u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
-s_ ljkGg ju{df shf{ k|jfx ug]{ zt{df o; a}+saf6 æ3Æ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx? tyf ljQLo
dWo:ytfsf] sfd ug]{ ;+:yf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd n3' ljQ ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ :yfkgf
ePsf ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;+:yfut Ifdtf tyf ;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|jfx u/]sf] yf]s shf{ .
-v_ ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf, ljkGg jf Go"g cfo ePsf hgtfsf] cfo tyf /f]huf/ a9fpg o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] d"Nof+sg u/L
of]Uo 7fg]sf u|fdL0f If]qdf :yfkgf eO{ sfo{/t ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ a'Fbf -s_ adf]lhd ljkGg ju{df
nufgL ug]{ u/L yf]s shf{ pknAw u/fpg ;Sg] / o;/L pknAw u/fPsf] shf{ ljkGg ju{df nufgL
eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 g} cg'udg u/L ^÷^ dlxgfdf ;f]sf] ljj/0f
o; a}+sdf k7fpg' kg]{ .
-u_ ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf Pj+ n3' ljQ sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;+:yfx?nfO{ yf]s shf{ k|jfx ug]{ p2]Zon]
:yfkgf ePsf æ3Æ ju{sf n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+snfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] yf]s shf{ .
-3_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s÷ljQLo
;+:yfaf6 shf{ lnO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/nfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] ?= Ps nfv krf;xhf/
;Ddsf] shf{ . pk/f]Qm shf{ ;DalGwt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s÷ljQLo
;+:yfsf] ljkGg ju{ shf{ nufgLdf dfq u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pknAw u/fPsf]
yf]s shf{ k|fKt ug]{ ;+:yfaf6 k|To]s ^÷^ dlxgfdf shf{sf] k|of]u ljkGg ju{df g} eP÷gePsf]
;DaGwdf k|ult ljj/0f lng' kg]{ tyf o; a}+ssf] lg/LIf0fsf] qmddf To;/L pknJw u/fOPsf] yf]s
shf{ b'?kof]u ePsf] kfOPdf b'?kof]u ePsf] shf{ a/fa/sf] /sd ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
5. Ohfhtkqk|fKt -æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfdf u/]sf]
;+:yfks z]o/ k'FhL nufgLnfO{ ;d]t ck|ToIf ?kdf ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ ;/x u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
6. Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?af6 ljkGg ju{ shf{ cGt/ut n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] shf{ /sd zt
k|ltzt ljkGg ju{df clgjfo{?kdf shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cg'?k nufgL gePdf Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfx?af6 n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?nfO{ k|jfx x'g] To:tf] s'n yf]s shf{ ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf x'g] 5}g .
7. ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ u0fgf ubf{ ^ dlxgf cl3sf] s"n afFsL shf{ ;fk6 -laN; vl/b tyf
l8:sfp06 ;lxt÷ljkGg ju{sf] c+z afx]s_ sf] cfwf/df k|To]s qodf;df cyf{t cflZjg, kf}if, r}q /
cfiff9d;fGtdf ul/g] 5 .
8. Ohfhtkqk|fKt jfl0fHo a}+s -æsÆ ju{ _, ljsf; a}+s -ævÆ ju{ _ / ljQ sDkgL -æuÆ ju{ _ af6 k|ToIf
?kdf lgDg zt{x?sf] cwLgdf /xL c:ktfnnfO{ k|jfx x'g] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-s_ d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgLsf] ?kdf To:tf] c:ktfn ;DalGwt lgsfodf btf{ ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-v_ ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; k|of]hgsf nflu cfˆgf] k|fylds k'FhL -Core Capital_ sf] a9Ldf %
k|ltzt ;Ddsf] shf{ /sd dfq k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] .
-u_ ;DalGwt c:ktfnn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 ;+rfng :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/+bf tf]lsPsf
;Dk"0f{ zt{x?sf] k"0f{ kfngf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-3_ ;DalGwt c:ktfnn] cfˆgf] s"n z}of Ifdtfsf] Go"gtd !) k|ltzt z}of lgMz'Ns ?kdf ljkGg
ju{sf hgtfx?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfPsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-ª_ dfly v08 -s_ b]lv -3_ ;Dd pNn]lvt zt{x? k"/f ePsf] osLg u/]/ dfq ;DalGwt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
9. Go"g nfut cfjf; -Low Cost Housing_ shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 ljkGg ju{df u0fgf x'g of]Uo JolQmx?sf nflu dfq 3/hUuf vl/b tyf 3/
lgdf{0f shf{sf] cfjZostf k"/f ug]{ p2]Zon] b]xfo cg';f/sf] zt{sf] clwgdf /xL k|bfg ePsf] shf{nfO{ ;d]t
ljkGg ju{sf] shf{df u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
-s_ ;'/lIft lwtf] lnO{ ;fd'lxs jf JolQmut cfwf/df k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf k|bfg x'g] ?= $
nfv;Ddsf] shf{ .

199
 -v_ ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfkm\gf] shf{ gLltdf o;/L ljkGg ju{nfO{ 3/hUuf vl/b tyf
3/ lgdf{0f shf{ k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwdf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-u_ o:tf] shf{ k|bfg ubf{ k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g tyf o; a}+ssf] gLlt lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|s[of
k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-3_ ljkGg ju{ eGgfn] dfly a'Fbf g+= ! df pNn]lvt kl/efiff cg';f/ Go"g cfo ePsf / vf;u/L
;fdflhs ?kdf lk5l8Psf dlxnf, hghflt, blnt ju{, cGwf, alx/f, zf/Ll/s ?kn] ckfË JolQmx?,
;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo tyf ;fgf ls;fg, sflnu9, dhb"/ / e"ldxLg kl/jf/nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{ .
10. n3'shf{ -Microcredit_ ;DaGwdf
æ3Æ ju{sf n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?n] ;d"xdf cfj4 gePsf OR5's JolQmx?nfO{ klg kof{Kt lwtf] lnO{ a9Ldf
?=;f7L xhf/;Ddsf] n3'shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
11. o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if ;DaGwdf
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ # k|ltzt -æsÆ ju{_, !=% k|ltzt -ævÆ ju{_ /
! k|ltzt -æuÆ ju{_ /sdsf] Ps ltxfO /sd g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfno, o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL
:j/f]huf/ sf]if -o;kl5 sf]if elgPsf]_ sf] gfddf cfˆg} ;+:yfdf vf]lnPsf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{
kg]{5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pko'{Qm pNn]lvt /sdeGbf a9L /sd pSt vftfdf hDdf ug{ o;
Joj:yfn] afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g . sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
sf]ifnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ dflgg]5 / o;/L hDdf ul/Psf] /sdnfO{ ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
@= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf g+= ! cg';f/ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ h'g;'s} cj:yfdf shf{÷;fk6sf]
juL{s/0f / shf{ gf]S;fgL Joj:yfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu c;n shf{df ;dfj]z ul/g]5 . o;}u/L a}+sn]
o:tf shf{ kF"hL kof{Kttf (Capital Adequacy) BASEL II cGtu{t Claims on Government
zLif{sdf /fVg ;Sg] / ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o:tf shf{df z"Go hf]lvd ef/ k|bfg ug{
;Sg] 5 .
#= vftf vf]Ng], vftf ;+rfng ug]{ / shf{ ;D´f}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ clVtof/L ;lxtsf] sfuhft lnO{
æo'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifÆ sf] gfddf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] vftf vf]Ng' kg]{5 .
$= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 sf]ifnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] pka'Fbf g+= ! sf] /sd r'Qmf ug]{ bfloTj sf]ifsf]
x'g]5 .
%= sf]if / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf larsf] ;D´f}tf cg';"rL ! df pNn]v eP adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ 5 . o;
k|of]hgsf] nflu pSt ;Demf}tf afx]s cGo s'g} sfuhft cfjZos kg]{ 5}g .
^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;+rfng_ lgodfjnL, @)^%
cGtu{t o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foLx?nfO{ kl/of]hgf dfq lwtf] lnO{ b'O{ nfv;Ddsf] shf{ nufgL u/]df
To:tf] shf{nfO{ ljkGg ju{df u0fgf ul/g]5 . t/, pka'Fbf g+= ! df pNn]v ePsf] hDdf ug'{ kg]{
/sddf s§f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o:tf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf Joj:yfx? nfu" x'g]5g\ M
s= Joj;fosf] p2]Zo cg';f/ shf{ cjwL a9Ldf kfFr aif{;Ddsf]] x'g]5 / a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ tf]s]sf] ls:tfdf a'´fpg' kg]{ u/L ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
ls:tf tf]Sg]5 / ;fFjf Aofh e'StfgL 5'6 cjlw (Grace Period) sf]ifn] tf]s] cg';f/ x'g]5 .
v= ;DalGwt JolStn] ug]{ :j/f]huf/d"ns Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt rn crn ;DklQ g} ;Dk"0f{
;fFjf Aofh e'Stfg gx'Gh]n;Dd a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] shf{sf] lwtf] x'g]5 .
u= shf{ :jLs[t ug]{ jf gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf gLlxt /xg]5 .
3= pk/f]St adf]lhd shf{sf] hf]lvd tyf C0f c;'npk/ ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj ;DalGwt a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfdf /xg]5 .
&= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pka'Fbf g+= ^ adf]lhdsf] shf{ k|bfg ug{ o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL
:j/f]huf/ sf]ifaf6 aflif{s & k|ltzt Aofhdf k'g/shf{ lng;Sg] 5 .
*= sf]ifsf] ;+rfng o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;+rfng_ lgodfjnL, @)^%, shf{ tyf
jLdf Joj:yf ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^% / o; a}+saf6 hf/L o;} lgb]{zgdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
(= dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf -æ3Æ ju{ afx]s_ n]
ljkGg ju{df u0fgf x'g] o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{kg]{ /sd csf]{
kl/kqaf6 ;"rgf hf/L geP;Dd ldlt @)^^.!!.@^ sf] kl/kq cg';f/ @)^^ r}qd;fGtb]lv nfu" x'g]
u/L pQm sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug{'kg]{ 5}g . t/, o;/L o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifdf

200
 tTsfnnfO{ /sd hDdf ug'{ gk/]tfklg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= ! cg';f/sf]
b/n] ljkGgju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ /sd k"j{jt g} nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
12. ljkGg ju{df k|jflxt shf{ ;DaGwL g]=/f= a}+s lgb]{zg kmf/fd g+= (=% cg';f/sf] q}dfl;s ljj/0f o; a}+ssf]
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
13. ;DalGwt O{hfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ul/g] shf{ ;DaGwL gLltut Pj+ k|s[ofut Joj:yfnfO{
cfˆgf] shf{ gLltdf :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
14. cGo lgb]{zgdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;fd"lxs÷JolQmut÷;+:yfut hdfgLdf k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf
?kdf ljkGg ju{df u0fgf x'g] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{sf] nflu cltl/Qm la; k|ltzt yk shf{ gf]S;fgL
Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
15. æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ shf{ ;DjGwL lgb]{zg
adf]lhdsf] shf{ k|jfx gu/]df jf sd k|jfx u/]df To;/L k|jfx gu/]sf] jf sd k|jfx u/]sf] /sddf g]kfn
/fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf *! adf]lhd ;DalGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ;f] u0fgf cjlwdf shf{df lng]
clwstd Aofhb/n] x'g] /sd xhf{gf nufOg] 5 .
16. vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx?nfO{ vf/]h
ul/Psf] 5 .
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ljkGg ju{df k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ shf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+=
!&÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;}
ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

201
 cg';"rLM !
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf tyf sf]ifaLr x'g] ;Demf}tf

o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;+rfng_ lgodfjnL, @)^% adf]lhd :yflkt cy{ dGqfnosf] o'jf tyf
;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf tkm{af6 ldlt ============== sf] clVtof/ k|fKt ============= >L ========================= -
o;kl5 sf]if elgPsf]_ / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# adf]lhd :yflkt ======lhNnf===== g=kf= j8f g+=
===== l:yt ========================= sf tkm{af6 clVtof/ k|fKt ================>L ================ -o;kl5 a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf
elgPsf]_ sf aLr tkl;nsf zt{x?sf clwgdf /xL b'a} kIfsf] dgf]dfg /fhLv'zLn] tkl;nsf ;fIfLx?sf /f]xj/df
sf]ifsf] sfof{nodf a;L of] ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] 5 .
tkl;n
!= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefusf] lgb]{zg g+======== sf] a'Fbf g+======= tyf
;f]df ;do ;dodf x'g] ;+zf]wg cg';f/ sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{5 . sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo
;+:yfn] sf]ifnfO{ k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ dflgg]5 . a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] sf]ifdf x/]s q}df;df hDdf u/]sf] /sd / s'n
shf{ jSof}tf /sd v'nfO{ sf]ifnfO{ lnlvt hfgsf/L lbg]5 . o;/L hfgsf/L lbPsf] & lbgleq a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn]
sf]ifaf6 s'g} cGoyf Joxf]/fsf] lnlvt ;"rgf k|fKt gu/]df pk/f]St adf]lhd hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] /sd g} sf]ifn]
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] shf{ /sd dflgg]5 .
@= a'Fbf g+= ! adf]lhd k|jfx ul/Psf] shf{ jfkt sf]ifn] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ q}dfl;s ?kdf e'Qmfg ug]{ u/L jflif{s %
k|ltzt Aofh lbg]5 . sf]ifn] k|bfg ug]{ k'g/shf{df & k|ltzt Aofhb/ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] q}dfl;s ?kdf sf]ifnfO{
e'Stfg ug'{kg]{ 5 . o:tf] Aofhb/, ahf/b/ / d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL b'j} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltdf ;do
;dodf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g]5 .
#= sf]ifn] lnPsf] shf{ / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]] sf]if;+u lnPsf] k'g/shf{df nfUg] Aofh ltg]{ bfloTj sf]ifsf] /
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx? b'j}sf] /xg]5 . lnPsf] shf{sf] a'´fpg'kg]{ Aofh /sd sf]ifn] / a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] q}dfl;s
?kdf cfiff9, cflZjg, kf}if / r}q d;fGtdf glt/]df ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'Stfg ug{ sf]if / a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf
b'j} kIfn] ;"lrt ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;f] cg';f/ ;"rgf kfPdf & -;ft_ lbgleq sf]if jf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf
Aofh e'Stfg ug]{5 .
$= a'Fbf g+= # adf]lhd ;fFjf /÷jf Aofh e'Stfg gu/]df e'StfgL ug'{ kg]{ ldltb]lv e'StfgL x'g] ldlt;Ddsf] cjlwsf]
nflu jflif{s !) k|ltzt / @ k|ltzt k]gfn Aofh ;lxt ;fFjf /÷jf Aofh sf]if jf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] e'Stfg
ug]{5 .
%= o; ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw cfhsf] ldltb]lv nfu" eO{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ r'Qmf geP;Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu nfu" x'g]5 .
^= s'g} klg ;dodf sf]ifn] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ sDtLdf !% lbgsf] k"j{ ;"rgf lbO{ afFsL ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf Aofh
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lt/L a'emfO{ ;D´f}tf ;dfKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&= ;Demf}tf cjlwe/ s'g} klg avt sf]if la36g ePdf cljnDa sf]ifn] ltg'{÷a'emfpg'kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;fFjf Aofh /sd
sf]ifn] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ltg{÷a'emfpg kg]{5 .
*= b'a} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltdf o; ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt zt{x? ;+zf]wg, km]/abn jf yk36 ug{ ;lsg]5 .
(= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn] lgoldt shf{ c;'n ePsf] cj:yfdf l;w} ;x'lnot b/df nfUg] Aofhsf] ^) k|ltzt /sd 36fO{
u0fgf u/L lng]5 . Aofh lgoldt gePsf] v08df o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if -;+rfng_ lgodfjnL,
@)^% adf]lhd c;'npk/ ug]{5 .
o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf tkm{af6
clVtof/ k|fKt clVtof/ k|fKt
gfd gfd
kb kb
x:tfIf/ x:tfIf/
5fk 5fk
ldlt ldlt
;fIfL ;fIfL
================================= ================================

Olt ;Dat\ @)^===;fn ======= dlxgf ====== ut] /f]h ===== z'ed\

202
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !*÷)^&

laifoM ufEg]÷ufleg] / :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# adf]lhd tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yf dflyNnf] ju{df
kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu jf b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg÷ufleg jf o;/L ufleO{
;s]kl5 :t/f]Gglt x'g o; a}+sdf lgj]bg lbg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf lgDgfg';f/sf] Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf]
x'Fbf ;f]xL adf]lhd ug'{÷u/fpg' x'g g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg
hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwdf
-s_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf #^ adf]lhd o; a}+saf6 ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf]
Ohfhtk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu
lgDgfg';f/ ug{' kg]{5 .
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yff ;DjGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf #^ -!_ adf]lhd b]xfosf] cj:yf k"/f
u/]sf] tNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] dfq dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf
kl/0ft x'g] ;DaGwdf ;}4flGts ;xdltkqsf] nflu tf]lsPsf sfuhft tyf ljj/0f;lxt o;
a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] .
-s_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf nflu o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhL ePsf],
-v_ ljut kfFr jif{b]lv nuftf/ gfkmf ug{ ;Ifd ePsf],
-u_ s'n lgis[o sh{f (Non performing loan) o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;Ldfleq /x]sf],
-3_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;a} zt{x? k"/f u/]sf] .
-@_ dfly pka+'bf g+= -!_ cg';f/ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g ;}4flGts
;xdltkqsf] nflu lgj]bg lb+bf b]xfo jdf]lhdsf sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx? ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{M
• tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg -cg';"rL ! jdf]lhd_
• dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g cufj} cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd
r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f ug]{ k|lta4tf .
• dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] ;DjGwdf ;DjlGwt ;+:yfsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efn]
u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk .
• dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] k|:tfljt Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] sDtLdf cfufdL %
jif{sf] Joj;flos of]hgf tyf k|If]k0f (Business Plan and Projection) .
• ;+:yfksx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f -tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf cg';"rL –# / cg';"rL –$_
• kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;+:yfksx? / ;DjlGwt ;+:yfn] s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] k|df0fkq .
• ;+:yfksx?n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?af6 C0f lnO{ efsf ggf3]sf] jf shf{ ;"rgf
s]Gb| ln= sf] sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z gePsf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf] :jM3f]if0ff kq .
;fy}, ;DjlGwt ;+:yfaf6 ;+:yfksx?n] shf{ glnPsf] :jM3f]if0ff kq .
• jt{dfg z]o/ k'FhL ;+/rgf / :jfldTj -;+:yfks ;d"x / ;j{;fwf/0f_ ljj/0f .
• ;+:yfksx?n] hf/L k'FhLsf] !% k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ glnPsf] / dfu u/]sf] z]o/
k'FhL e'QmfgL u/]]sf] ljj/0f .
• dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'Fbf sfod x'g cfpg] k|To]s ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf
z]o/wgLx?sf] JolQmut z]o/ k'FhLsf] ;+/rgf .

203
 • tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL k'¥ofO{ o; a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lb+bfsf jvt ;+:yfsf] s'n
shf{sf] % k|ltzt eGbf sd lgis[o shf{ /x]sf] k'i6\ofO{F .
• ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ubf{ vr{ ePsf] k"j{ ;~rfng vr{ k"0f{ ?kdf ckn]vg ePsf]
k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft .
• ;+:yf kl5Nnf] % jif{b]lv d'gfkmfdf ;~rfng e}/x]sf] k|dfl0ft x'g] n]vfk/LIf0f
ePsf] ljQLo ljj/0f .
-#_ pka+'bf g+= -@_ cg';f/ k]z x'g cfPsf sfuhft tyf ljj/0fx? dfly o; a}+sn] cfjZos
hfFrj'em tyf 5fgljg u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g,@)^# sf] bkmf #^ tyf
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pj+ ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug{] Ohfhtkq ;DjGwL gLltut Pj+
k|s[ofut Aoj:yf, @)^# jdf]lhd Fit & Proper Test dfkg u/L dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ cg'dlt k|bfg ug]{ k|s[ofut Joj:yf cjnDag ul/g] / dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo
sf/f]jf/ ug{ rfxg] ;DalGwt ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ plNnlvt Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fO{g] 5 .
o;/L hfgsf/L pknAw u/fp+bf b]xfo jd]flhdsf zt{x? /fvL cfjZos k|s[of k"/f u/L ^
dlxgfleq ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;+rfngsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ Joj:yf sfod u/L ;}4flGts
;xdlt k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
-s_ ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;+Rffngsf] nflu o; a}sn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf -cg';"rL @ adf]lhd_
dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfn]] hf/L k'FhLsf] )=)@ k|ltztn] x'g]
/sd o; a}ssf] gf=gf]=cf=lx= km'6s/ zLif{sdf hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn ef}r/ ;lxtsf]
lgj]bg .
-v_ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k'u]sf] Joxf]/f o; a}+ssf] ;"rLs[t
n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] ljj/0f .
-u_ gofF ;+:yfsf] sfo{ ;dfj]z u/L sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 k|dfl0ft kl/dflh{t
k|jGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] k|ltlnlk .
-3_ kl/dflh{t shf{ gLlt, cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL, sd{rf/L k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL
/ shf{ ckn]vg ljlgodfjnL .
-ª_ gofF ;+:yfsf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf / kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ljj/0f .
-r_ ;"rgf k|ljlw tyf ;km\6j]o/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
-$_ dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu ;DjlGwt Ohfhtkqk|fKt
;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] k|jGwkq / lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ /x]5 eg] k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd
;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf #^ adf]lhd o; a}+saf6 æ3Æ ju{sf]
Ohfhtk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu o; a}+sdf
lgj]bg k]z x'g cfPdf lgDgfg';f/ ul/g]5 .
-!_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^#, k|rlnt P]g sfg'g tyf ljBdfg :t/ a[l4
;DaGwL ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf Ohfhtk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf nflu dfly v08 -s_ df pNn]v
eP adf]lhdsf] gLltut Joj:yfdf pNn]v ePsf r'Qmf k'FhL nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ k|s[ofx¿ k"/f
u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
-@_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf $* df pNn]lvt Joj:yf adf]lhd
Ohfht kq k|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] z]o/ nufgL Ps cfk;df Cross Holding
gx'g] k|:tfj k]z ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-#_ æ3Æ ju{sf Ohfht kq k|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu shf{ ;fk6 tyf ;'ljwfsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f
;DaGwdf o; a}+ssf] O= k|f= lgb]{zg g+= # sf] a'Fbf g+=! -@_ df pNn]lvt ljkGg jf Go"g
cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ n3' Joj;fo ;+rfng ug{ n3' shf{sf] ?kdf k|lt ;d"x ;b:o÷JolQm
a9Ldf ^) xhf/ ?k}of;Dd n3' pBd ;+rfngsf] nflu :jLsf/of]Uo lwtf] lnO{ ;d"x
;b:onfO{ qmdzM a[l4 u/L k|lt Joj;fo ! nfv %) xhf/ ?k}ofFdf ga9\g] u/L n3' pBd
shf{ pknJw u/fpg ;lsg]5 eGg] k|fjwfg cg';f/ k|jfx ePsf] shf{ nufgL /sd, ;]jf /
sfo{qmd g36fpg] ;DaGwL ;+rfns ;ldltsf] k|lta4tf k]z ug'{ kg]{ .

204
 -$_ pka'Fbf g+= # adf]lhdsf] k|lta4tf k"/f ug{ k|:tfljt dflyNnf] ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+u7g
9fFrfdf Pp6f 5'§} n3' ljQ ljefusf] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ / pQm ljefun] eO/x]sf
n3'ljQ ;DaGwL sfo{ k|ToIf ?kn] ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ .
-u_ z]o/ vl/b laqmL sf/f]jf/ /f]Ssf ug'{ kg]{
dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k'FhL k"/f u/]/ jf gu/Lsg ;}4flGts
;xdlt kfpF egL lgj]bg lbg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] To:tf] lgj]bg ;fy ;f] ;DaGwdf o; a}saf6
clGtd 6'+uf] gnfu];Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] z]o/ lwtf]kq jhf/df
;"rLs[t /x]sf] cj:yfdf z]o/ vl/b laqmL sf/f]jf/ /f]Ssf ePsf] Joxf]/fsf] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/sf]
kq ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= ufEg]÷ufleg] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf ^( jdf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg jf
uflegsf] nflu lgDgfg';f/ ul/g]5 .
s= ljBdfg k'FhL ;+/rgfdf g} Ps cfk;df ufEg jf uflegsf] nflu ;}4flGts ;xdlt kfpF egL lgj]bg
lbg] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] To:tf] lgj]bg ;fy ;f] ;DaGwdf o; a}saf6 clGtd 6'+uf]
gnfu];Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu To:tf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ vl/b÷laqmL sf/f]jf/ /f]Ssf
ePsf] Joxf]/fsf] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/sf] kq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
v= ljBdfg k'FhL ;+/rgf ;d]t kl/jt{g u/L Ps cfk;df ufEg jf uflegsf] nflu ;}4flGts ;xdlt
kfpF egL lgj]bg lbPsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|rlnt sfg'gL Joj:yf cg';f/ klxn] k'FhL
;+/rgf kl/jt{g ;DaGwL k|:tfj pk/sf] sf/jfxL 6'+uf] nfuL k'FhL a[l4 ePkl5 dfq ufEg jf
uflegsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ .
ljBdfg gLltut tyf k|s[ofut Joj:yf cGtu{t /xL v08 -s_ / -v_ adf]lhd lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhft
tyf ljj/0f k]z x'g cfPkl5 ;f] pk/ 5fgaLg u/L k}+tfln; lbgleq / lg0f{os} l;nl;nfdf s'g} ljj/0f jf
sfuhft dfu]sf] cj:yfdf yk kGw| lbgleq o; a}+sn] ;f] ;DaGwL lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfnfO{ lbg]5 .
#= ufleO{ :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf ^( jdf]lhd Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufleO{
;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf #^ adf]lhd dflyNnf] ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu o; a}+sdf lgj]bg
k]z x'g cfPdf ;j{k|yd a'+bf g+= @ cg'?ksf] k|s[of cjnDjg ug'{ kg]{ / ;f] cg'?k 6+'uf] nfu] kl5 dfq a'+bf
g+= ! cg'?ksf] sf/jfxL cl3 a9\g] 5 .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? Ps cfk;df ufEg]÷ufleg], k'FhL a[l4 ug]{ / :t/f]Gglt x'g] ljifox? cnu–cnu
ljifo ePsf] x'Fbf lgj]bs ;+:yf÷;+:yfx?n] a'+bf g+= ! jf @ cGtu{tsf] s'g v08 cg'?k lgj]bg lbPsf] xf] ;f]
:ki6 v'nfpg' kg]{ 5 / o;/L o; a}+sdf lgj]bg lb+bf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] clgjfo{ ?kdf
sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{no, g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{ / lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/nfO{ klg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
$= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx?nfO{ vf/]h
ul/Psf] 5 .
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ufEg]÷ufleg] / :t/f]Gglt x'g] ;DaGwdf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !*÷)^^ af6
hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u
;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{ kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

205
 cg';"rL !

>L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+ .

laifoM ======= ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfdf kl/0ft x'g] ;}4flGts ;xdlt kfpF .

dxf]bo,
k|rlnt sDkgL P]g adf]lhd klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf] ?kdf g]kfn ;/sf/, sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf
btf{ u/fO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g adf]lhd ljut === jif{ b]lv ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf]df
;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf #^ adf]lhd dflyNnf] ju{sf] ;+:yf ==== ju{df kl/0ft ug]{ u/L ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 lg0f{o
ePsf]n] ;}4flGts ;xdlt kfpg To; a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu tf]lsPsf cfjZos sfuhft ;lxt of] lgj]bg k]z
u/]sf 5f}+ .

cfjZos sfuhft yfg=======;+nUg 5g\ .

ejbLo,

================================================
-;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 cflwsfl/s JolQm_
gfdM
7]ufgfM
6]lnkmf]g g+ M
ˆofS; g+= M
Od]n 7]ufgf M
ldltM
;+:yfsf] 5fkM

206
 cg';"rL @

>L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+ .

laifoM ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ :jLs[lt kfpF .

dxf]bo,
To; a}+ssf] k=;+= =================== ldlt =====================sf] kqaf6 ====== ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf ?kdf
kl/0ft ug{ ;}4flGts ;xdlt k|fKt ePsf]df tf]lsPsf zt{x? k'/f u/L ;s]sf] x'Fbf cfjZos sfuhft Pj+ Ohfhtkq
b:t'/ ;lxt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf #^ adf]lhd ==== ju{sf] ;+:yfsf] ?kdf ljQLo
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq kfpgsf] nflu of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
cfjZos sfuhft yfg=======;+nUg 5g\ .
ejbLo,

================================================
-;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 cflwsfl/s JolQm_
gfdM
7]ufgfM
6]lnkmf]g g+ M
ˆofS; g+= M
Od]n 7]ufgf M
ldltM
;+:yfsf] 5fkM

207
 cg';"rL #
=================================================== ln=
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;d"xdf /x]sf JolQmx?sf]
JolQmut ljj/0f

Kfmf]6f]

!= k"/f gfd y/ M
@= hGd ldlt M
#= hGd :yfg M
$= gful/stf M
%= k"/f 7]ufgf M
-s_ :yfoL M -!_ 6]lnkmf]g -@_ Od]n -#_ km\ofS;
-v_ c:yfoL M -!_ 6]lnkmf]g -@_ Od]n -#_ km\ofS;
^= xfnsf] k]zf M
-s_ kmd{ jf sfof{nosf] gfd M
-v_ 7]ufgf M
-u_ Joj;fosf] k|s[lt÷sfd M
-3_ kbsf] gfd M
-ª_ 6]lnkmf]g÷ ˆofS;÷O{d]n M
&= a}jflxs l:ylt M
-s_ ljjflxt÷ cljjflxt÷ ;DaGw ljR5]b eO{ cnu a;]]sf]
-v_ ljjflxtsf] xsdf klt÷kTgLsf] gfd M
-u_ klt÷kTgLsf] k]zf M
-3_ cfl>tx?sf] ljj/0f
k"/f gfd ;DaGw pd]/

(= -s_ afa'sf] gfd M

7]ufgf M
k]zf M
-v_ afh]sf] gfd M
7]ufgf M

208
!)= z}lIfs of]Uotf M
tx ;+:yfsf] gfd, cWoog jif{ ljifo pkflw lnPsf] ldlt
7]ufgf
:gfts
:gftsf]Q/
ljBfjfl/lw
Joj;flos :t/
tflnd ;]ldgf/
s_
v_
u_
!!= tkfO{;Fu s'g} Joj;flos (Professional) ljifodf sfd ug]{ Ohfht 5 <
5 5}g
olb 5 eg]
-s_ Ohfhtsf] k|s[lt M
-v_ Ohfht lnPsf] ldlt M
-u_ Ohfht gDj/ M
-3_ Ohfht lbg] ;+:yf / 7]ufgf M
!@= tkfO{ s'g} Joj;flos Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df, g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 lg/LIf0f, cg'udg ug'{ kg]{ ;+:yfdf sfd ug'{x'G5<
-olb 5 eg], ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / sfdsf] k|s[lt pNn]v ug'{xf];\ . ;fy}, ;DjlGwt ;+:yfaf6 ;+:yfkg x'gsf
nflu :jLs[lt kq k]z ug'{xf];\ _ .
!#= s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf tkfO{sf] s'g} ljQLo :jfy{ jf lxt ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] v'nfpg' xf];\ <
!$= d}n] ljQLo ;+:yf dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] qmddf b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] yk /sd nufgL ug{ nfu]sf] 5' .
!= ;+:yfdf nufgL ug{ nfu]sf] /sd ?====== ===== ======= -cIf/]kL=============== =============== ===_ .
@= ;+:yfsf] s'n hf/L k'FhLsf] k|ltzt ================== .
#= lgj]bsn] kl5Nnf] cf=j=sf] s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] ;DjlGwt s/ sfof{nosf] kq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!%= tkfO{ s'g} kmf}Hbf/L cleof]udf kg'{ ePsf] 5 <
5 5}g
!^= cfos/ btf{÷r'Qmf ePsf]÷cfly{s jif{ ========= ;Ddsf] k|df0f ;+nUg 5 .
!&= tkfFO{+n] cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;+u shf{ sf/f]jf/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 <
5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];\ <_
!*= lgDg k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm 5÷5}gdf lbg'xf];\ M
-s_ tkfO{+sf] lj?4df cbfntdf s'g} ck/flws sf/jfO{ lj?4 d'2f rn]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-v_ tkfO{+n] sfg"g pNn+3g u/]sf] sf/0faf6 ;hfoF kfpg' ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-u_ tkfO{+ ;+nUg ePsf] s'g} ;+:yf 6f6 kN6]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-3_ tkfO{+n] sfd u/]sf] jf ;+rfns ePsf] jf tkfO{+n] % -kfFr_ k|ltzt eGbf a9L z]o/ nufgL u/]sf] ;+:yf
shf{ e'QmfgL ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f slxNo} sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] 5, 5}g . 5 5}g
-ª_ u}/ sfg"gL ?kdf ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]jf/df ;+nUg x'g' ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-r_ tkfO{+ ;+nUg ePsf] ;+:yf slxNo} ck/flws s[ofsnfkdf ;+nUg ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-5_ tkfO{nfO{+ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ sf/f]jf/df b'?kof]u u/]sf] / ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsf] egL a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 s'g} clen]v u/]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-h_ tkfO{ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf kg'{ ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
olb k/]sf] eP ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf ltg jif{ k'/f ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-em_ tkfO{+ cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf sd{rf/L, ;~rfns, n]vfk/LIfs sfg"gL jf cGo
;Nnfxsf/ x'g'x'G5 < 5 5}g

209
 -`_ tkfO{+ lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf /xg' ePsf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-6_ tkfO{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ck/fw u/]sf], sfg"g pNn+3g u/]sf] jf k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd lj36gdf k/]sf]
s'g} ;+:yfdf sd{rf/L jf ;NNffxsf/sf] ?kdf /xg' ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-7_ tkfO{ k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd bfdf;flxdf kg'{ ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-8_ tkfO{n] s'g} /fhg}lts kbdf lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf sfdsfh ul//xg' ePsf] 5 <
5 5}g
-9_ tkfO{nfO{ k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd s'g} k]zf jf Joj;fo ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-0f_ tkf+O{n] nufgL u/]sf] cGo kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+ul7t ;+:yf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug{
rfx]df dGh'/ 5 . 5 5}g
-t_ tkfO{n] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn] nufgL
ug'{ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];_
!(= ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn] d}n] o; a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] hf/L k'FhLsf] ===== k|ltzt z]o/ lng d~h'/
u/]sf] 5' . of] z]o/ o; a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !% k|ltzteGbf a9L 5}g .
@)= ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] lgwf{/0f u/] cg'?k d]/f] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL k'¥ofpg] k|ltj4tf hfx]/
ub{5' .
dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0f l7s ;fFrf] xf] . oL s'g} klg ljifodf hfFra'em÷5fgljg tyf d}n] lbPsf] ljj/0f
;fj{hlgs ug{ d]/f] d~h'/L 5 . e'm7f] ePdf o;}sf cfwf/df a}+s ;+:yfkgf ug]{ Ohfht glbPdf d]/f] d~h'/L
5.

b:tvt M
gfd M
ldlt M
7]ufgf M
6]lnkmf]g M

210
 cg";"rL $
================================== ln=
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;d"xdf /x]sf ;+:yf
-kmd{,sDkgL,;+ul7t ;+:yf_x?sf] ljj/0f

!= :jb]zL ;+:yf -kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf_ M

-s_ ;+:yfsf] gfd M
-v_ ;+:yf btf{ ldlt M
-u_ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQm
gfdM
kbM
@= ljb]zL nufgLsf] xsdf M
-s_ ;+:yfsf] gfd M
-v_ ;+:yf btf{ ldlt M
-u_ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQm
gfdM
kbM
#= ;]jfsf] clen]v -ljut % jif{sf]_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf jf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k ;DjGwL Jojzfo ;~rfng
ug]{ ;+:yf eP ;f] sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f M
;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf cjlw kb lgs6td sfd 5f]8\g'sf] sf/0f
;'kl/j]Ifssf] gfd

$= ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 s'g} Joj;flos (Professional) ljifodf sfd ug]{ Ohfht 5 < 5 5}g
olb 5 eg]
-s_ Ohfhtsf] k|s[lt M
-v_ Ohfht lnPsf] ldlt M
-u_ Ohfht gDj/ M
-3_ Ohfht lbg] ;+:yf / 7]ufgf M
%= ;+:yf ljut b'O{ jif{ b]lv ;~rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf] 5÷5}g < 5 5}g
;+:yfsf] b'O{ cf=j=sf] ljQLo ljj/0f o;};fy ;+nUg 5 .
^= ;+:yfaf6 nufgL u/L cGo kmd{, sDkgL, ;+ul7t ;+:yfdf s'g} ljQLo :jfy{ jf lxt ufFl;Psf] 5 eg] v''nfpg'
xf]; .
&= ljQLo ;+:yf dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] qmddf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /sd nufgL ug{ nfu]sf 5f}+ .
!= ;+:yfdf nufgL ug{ nfu]sf] /sd ?====== ===== ======= -cIf/]kL=============== =============== ===_ .
@= ;+:yfsf] s'n hf/L k'FhLsf] k|ltzt ================== .
#= lgj]bsn] kl5Nnf] cf=j=sf] s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] ;DjlGwt s/ sfof{nosf] kq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

211
*= cfos/ btf{÷r'Qmf ePsf]÷cfly{s jif{ ========= ;Ddsf] k|df0f ;+nUg 5 .
(= ;+:yfsf] cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;+u shf{ sf/f]jf/ 5 <
5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];\ <_
!)= lgDg k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm 5÷5}gdf lbg'xf];\ M
-s_ ;+:yfsf] lj?4df cbfntdf s'g} ck/flws sf/jfO{ lj?4 d'2f rn]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-v_ ;+:yfn] sfg"g pNn+3g u/]sf] sf/0faf6 ;hfoF kfPsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-u_ ;+:yfn] nufgL u/]sf] cGo s'g} ;+:yf 6f6 kN6]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-3_ ;+:yfn] sfd u/]sf] jf ;+rfns ePsf] jf ;+:yf+n] % -kfFr_ k|ltzt eGbf a9L z]o/ nufgL u/]sf] ;+:yf
shf{ e'QmfgL ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f slxNo} sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-ª_ ;+:yf u}/ sfg"gL ?kdf ljb]zL d'b|f sf/f]jf/df ;+nUg ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-r_ tkfO{sf] ;+:yfnfO{+ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ sf/f]jf/df b'?kof]u u/]sf] / ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsf] egL
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 s'g} clen]v u/]sf] 5 < 5 5}g
-5_ ;+:yf shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
olb k/]sf] eP ;f] ;"rLaf6 k'ms'jf ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf tLg jif{ k"/f ePsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-h_ ;+:yf cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns, n]vfk/LIfs sfg"gL jf cGo ;Nnfxsf/ 5 <
5 5}g
-em_ ;+:yf lwtf]kq bnfn jf ahf/ lgdf{tf /x]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-`_ ;+:yf s'g} ;fj{hlgs ck/fw u/]sf], sfg'g pNn+3g u/]sf] jf k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd lj36gdf k/]sf]
s'g} ;+:yfdf ;NNffxsf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-6_ tkfO{sf] ;+:yf k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd bfdf;flxdf k/]sf]] 5 < 5 5}g
-7_ ;+:yfnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhd s'g} k]zf jf Joj;fo ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] 5 < 5 5}g
-8_ ;+:yfn]] nufgL u/]sf] cGo kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+ul7t ;+:yf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug{
rfx]df dGh'/ 5 . 5 5}g
-9_ ;+:yfn] o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn] nufgL u/]sf]]
5< 5 5}g -5 eg] lj:t[t ljj/0f v'nfpg' xf];_
!!= ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfkssf] x}l;otn ;+:yfn] o; a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] hf/L k'FhLsf] ===== k|ltzt z]o/ lng
d~h'/ u/]sf] 5 . of] z]o/ o; ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !% k|ltzteGbf a9L /x]sf] 5}g .
!@= ;do ;dodf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] lgwf{/0f u/] cg'?k xfdLn] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL k'¥ofpg] k|ltj4tf hfx]/
ub{5f}+ .
dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0f l7s ;fFrf] xf] . oL s'g} klg ljifodf hfFra'em÷5fgljg tyf d}n] lbPsf] ljj/0f
;fj{hlgs ug{ d]/f] d~h'/L 5 . e'm7f] ePdf o;}sf cfwf/df dflyNnf] ju{df kl/0ft x'g] Ohfht glbPdf d]/f]
d~h'/L 5 .
b:tvt M
gfd M
ldlt M
7]ufgf M
6]lnkmf]g M

212
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= !(÷)^&

laifoM u|fxs klxrfg (Know your Customer) ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] u|fxssf] klxrfg (Know your Customer)
;DaGwdf Pp6f :ki6 sfo{ljlw cjnDag ug{ cfjZos ePsf] x'Fbf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &( n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] u|fxs :jLsf/ k|lqmof, u|fxssf] kl/ro ug]{ k|lqmof, u|fxssf] sf/f]jf/sf] cg'udg
k|lqmof / hf]lvd Joj:yfkg k|lqmof h:tf ljifodf s]lGb|t eO{ cfˆgf] u|fxs klxrfg (Know your
Customers) sfo{ljlw tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
@= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] vftf vf]Nbf, u|fxsnfO{ C0f k|bfg ubf{, lab]zL d'b|fsf] 8«fˆ6, l6=l6,=d]n,
6]lnu|flkms 6«fG;km/ ubf{ jf To:tf] 8«fˆ6 l6=6L=, d]n / 6]lnu|flkms 6«fG;km/jf6 /sd :jLsf/ ubf{ tyf
u|fxs;+u d'b|f jf d'b|fsf] k|lt:yfkg ;DaGwL sf/f]jf/ ubf{ tyf k|lttkq nufotsf cGo sf/f]jf/ ubf{
clgjfo{?kdf u|fxs;+u cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+nUg cg';"rL–! adf]lhdsf ;"rgfx? lng' kg]{5 . -cg';"rLdf
pNn]v gePsf / ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cft+ssf/L ultljlwdf x'g] nufgL
tyf sf/f]jf/ lgoGq0fsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos b]v]sf s'/fx? yk ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ ._ h'g;'s} k|of]hgsf nflu gofF
vftf vf]Nbf u|fxs klxrfg nufot k"/f ug'{ kg]{ cGo cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ k|s[ofut Joj:yf k"/f u/]/ dfq vftf
vf]Ng' kg]{5 .
#= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] k|To]s sfof{no÷zfvfdf ;+nUg cg';"rL – ! adf]lhdsf] sfuhft nufot
cGo sfuhftx? tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/Laf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ /fVg' kg]{5 .
$= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] pBf]u, jfl0fHo dGqfno cGtu{tsf] sfo{fnodf btf{ geO{ dxfgu/kflnsf, pk–
dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf, uf= lj= ;= h:tf :yfgLo lgsfo jf cf}iflw Joj:yf ljefu, vfgL ljefu
nufot cGo ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/L cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, cfGtl/s /fh:j
ljefuaf6 :yfoL n]vf gDa/ -Permanent Account Number_ /÷jf d"No clej[l4 s/ -Value Added Tax_ gDa/
k|fKt u/L ljleGg pBf]u, Jofkf/ jf Joj;fo ;+rfng ul//x]sf u|fxs;+u a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] kl5Nnf]
k6s s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] k|df0fkq / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] k|df0f kq
;d]tnfO{ shf{ jf cGo a}+lsu sf/f]jf/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu cfwf/ dfGg ;lsg]5 .
% a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} u|fxssf] z+sf:kb tyf c:jfefljs ?kdf sf/f]jf/ a9]df jf 36]df jf
c:jfefljs ?kdf ljb]zaf6 ljk|]if0fsf] dfWodaf6 jf s'g} dfWodaf6 /sd k|fKt ePdf jf ljb]zaf6 k|fKt x'g]
ljk|]if0f /sdsf] >f]t gv'n]df jf :ki6 gePdf To:tf z+sf:kb tyf c:jfefljs sf/f]jf/ / u|fxs -JolQm,
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf_ sf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L dfl;s ?kdf cfˆgf] ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy},
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf hDdf -k|fKt_ x'g cfpg] bz nfv ?k}ofFeGbf dflysf /sdsf] sf/f]jf/, vftf, jxL,
>]:tf jf lx;fj ;~rfng ;DaGwL 5'§} k|lqmofut ;+oGq tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] sf/f]jf/sf] >f]t ;d]t
;DalGwt u|fxsaf6 pNn]v ug{ nufO{ cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o; k|of]hgsf nflu u|fxsn] :jM3f]if0ff
(self declaration) klg dfGo x'g]5 .
^= bz nfv ?k}ofFeGbf sd /sdsf] sf/f]jf/ ePsf]df ;d]t olb To:tf] sf/f]jf/ z+sf:kb jf c:jfefljs nfu]df
To:tf] sf/f]jf/sf] vftf, jxL, >]:tf jf lx;fj ;d]t cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
&= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfˆgf] u|fxsx? jLrsf] sf/f]jf/sf] clen]v -O{n]S6«f]lgs /]s8{ ;d]t_ sf/f]jf/
;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .
*= dfly a'Fbf g+= % / ^ adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx? k|To]s qodf; ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq lgoldt ?kdf
lgodg ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . u|fxs klxrfg ljifosf ;DaGwdf o; a}+s cGtu{t /x]sf] ljQLo hfgsf/L
OsfO{ -FIU_ dfkm{t hf/L ePsf] kl/kq cg';f/sf ljj/0fx? ;f]xL lgb]{zg adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

213
(= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ o;} ;fy ;+nUg cg';"rL–@
adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f clgjfo{ ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
!)= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf]] u|fxssf] klxrfg ;DaGwdf O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= !(÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf]
lgb]{zg tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf o;} ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{
kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

214
 cg';"rL – !
u|fxs kl/ro ;DaGwL k|lqmof
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sf/f]jf/sf] ;Gbe{df u|fxssf] k|s[lt x]/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf tyf sfuhftx? lng'
kg]{5 . ;fy}, cfjZos k/]df u|fxs;Fu JolQmut cGt/jftf{ ;d]t lng' kg]{5 .
-c_ vftfjfnf u|fxssf] ;DaGwdf
-s_ JolQmut vftf
(1) :ki6 gfd, y/
(2) lktf jf kltsf] gfd
(3) :yfoL 7]ufgf -7]ufgf k|dfl0ft ug]{ cfjZos sfuhft x'g'kg]{ . To:tf sfuhftx?df gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq, /fxbfgL, kfgL tyf lah'nLsf] lan, cfjZos k/]df ;DalGwt a}+s sd{rf/Ln] :ynut
e|d0f u/L tof/ u/]sf] gS;f, dtbftf kl/rokq, nfnk"hf{ cflb _
(4) c:yfoL 7]ufgf
(5) hGd ldlt
(6) 6]lnkmf]g gDa/ -ePdf pNn]v ug]{_
(7) gful/stf÷kf;kf]6{ -gDa/ / ljj/0f ;d]t_
(8) g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yfdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L eP kl/rokqsf] 5jL
lrq
(9) kmf]6f]
(10) cGo cfjzos sfuhftx? -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]Sg ;Sg]_
-v_ ;fem]bf/L jf JolQmut kmd{sf] vftf
(1) kmd{sf] gfd
(2) 7]ufgf
(3) 6]lnkmf]g÷df]jfOn gDa/ -ePdf pNn]v ug]{_
(4) ;fem]bf/ ;a}sf] gfd / tLgsf] 7]ufgf -kmf]g g+= ;lxt_
(5) ;fem]bf/sf] kmf]6f]
(6) kmd{ /lhi6«]zgsf] k|df0fkq
(7) kmd{sf ;fem]bf/ jLr ePsf] sa'lnotgfdf
(8) ;fem]bf/ kmd{ eP cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf lbPsf] clVtof/gfdf
(9) cGo cfjZos sfuhftx? -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]Sg ;Sg]_
-u_ sDkgLsf] vftf
(1) sDkgLsf] gfd
(2) s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf] :yfg
(3) k'/f 7]ufgf -6]lnkmf]g, ˆofS; ;d]t_
(4) ;+:yfkgf / u7g ;DaGwL k|df0fkq tyf sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL
(5) af]8{sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf -ePdf kmf]g gDa/ ;d]t pNn]v ug]{_
(6) af]8{sf ;b:ox?sf] kmf]6f]
(7) vftf vf]Ng] / vftf ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwdf af]8{n] u/]sf] lg0f{o / clVtof/L
(8) af]8{n] sfo{sf/L k|d'v / cGo clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf] ;DaGwdf k|bfg u/]sf]
clVtof/L
(9) cGo cfjZos sfuhftx? -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]Sg ;Sg]_
-3_ Sna÷u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] vftf
(1) Sna tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] gfd
(2) 7]ufgf
(3) ;+:yf btf{ k|df0fkq
(4) ljwfg
(5) sfo{ ;ldltsf] gfd / 7]ufgf -ePdf kmf]g gDa/ ;d]t pNn]v ug]{_
(6) 6]lnkmf]g gDa/
(7) vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL sfo{ ;ldltsf] lg0f{o

215
 (8) Sna jf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns÷sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] kmf]6f]
(9) vftf ;~rfng tyf cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwL clVtof/L
(10) cGo cfjZos sfuhftx? -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]Sg ;Sg]_
-ª_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] vftf
(1) ;+:yfsf] gfd
(2) 7]ufgf
(3) kmf]g g+= -ePdf pNn]v ug]{_
(4) ;+:yfsf] ljlgod
(5) af]8{sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf -ePdf kmf]g gDa/ ;d]t pNn]v ug]{_
(6) af]8{sf ;b:ox?sf] kmf]6f]
(7) ;+:yf btf{ ;DaGwL k|df0fkq
(8) vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL af]8{sf] lg0f{o / cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;DaGwL clVtof/L
(9) cGo cfjZos sfuhftx? -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]Sg ;Sg]_
-r_ ;fj{hlgs u'7L jf lghL u'7Lsf] vftf
(1) gfd
(2) 7]ufgf
(3) kmf]g g+= -ePdf pNn]v ug]{_
(4) ljwfg
(5) u'7L :yfkgf ;DaGwL ePsf] sa'lnotgfdf
(6) u'7L ;+rfnssf] gfd / 7]ufgf
(7) u'7L ;+rfnssf] kmf]6f]
(8) u'7L :yfkgf ;DaGwL k|df0fkq
(9) Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf af]8{sf ;b:ox?sf] gfd / 7]ufgf
(10) vftf vf]Ng] ;DaGwL Joj:yfkg ;ldlt jf jf]8{sf] lg0f{o / cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwL clVtof/L
(11) af]8{sf @ hgf ;b:osf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf, kmf]6f] ;lxt 7]ufgf k|dfl0ft x'g] sfuhft
(12) cGo cfjZos sfuhftx? -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf :jo+n] tf]Sg ;Sg]_
b|i6JoM
-s_ z+sf:kb tyf c:jefljs sf/f]jf/ eGgfn] vftf vf]Ng] ;dodf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw u/fO{Psf] ljj/0f;Fu
d]n gvfg] k|s[ltsf] sf/f]jf/ / /sd b]lvPsf] cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ ;|f]t gv'n]sf] eGgfn] /sd k7fpg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL tyf ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf :ki6 gePsf] / gf]s/L, Joj;fo
tyf cGo cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]tsf] jf/]df ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lrQ a'‰bf] ljj/0f k|fKt gePsf] cj:yfnfO{
;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .

216
 cg';"rL – @

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf C0fsf] nflu lgj]bg lb+bf v'nfpg'kg]{ laa/0fsf] 9fFrf
ldltM ====================
-?= xhf/df_
C0f lnPsf] cGo a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd aSof}tf /sd -ldlt_ Dofb gf3]sf] 5÷5}g
!= ======= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf
™ rfn' k'FhL shf{
™ cfjlws shf{
™ cGo shf{
™ u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
hDdf
@= ======= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf
™ rfn' k'FhL shf{
™ cfjlws shf{
™ cGo shf{
™ u}/sf]ifdf cfwfl/t ;'ljwf
hDdf
s'n hDdf

pk/f]Qm adf]lhd d÷xfdLn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ljj/0f 7Ls 5 e'mÝf 7x/] sfg'g adf]lhd sf/jfxL ePdf d~h'/L 5 egL
;xL ug]{M

clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] b:tvtM

JolQmsf] gfd÷kmd{, sDkgL / ;+:yfsf] gfd / 5fkM

217
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @)÷)^&

laifo M ;xfos sDkgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;xfos sDkgL vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf]
bkmf &( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= æ3Æ ju{sf] n3'ljQ ;xfos sDkgL (Subsidiary Company) ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!= Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] :jfldTjdf Pp6f 5'§} æ3Æ ju{sf] n3'ljQ
;+:yf vf]nL ;f] ;xfos sDkgL (Subsidiary Company) dfk{mt\ ljkGg ju{df shf{ k|jfx ug{ rfx]df
b]xfosf gLltut tyf k|s[ofut Joj:yfx?sf] clwgdf /xL ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
!=!= ;xfos sDkgLsf ?kdf :yflkt eO{ n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf Psf3/
kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;Ël7t ;+:yf jf Ps} ;d"xsf sDkgLsf] z]o/ nufgLsf] clwstd xb r'Qmf
k'FhLsf] @% k|ltztdf 5'6 lbOg] gLlt cg'?k Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ jf ævÆ jf æuÆ ju{sf ;+:yfsf]
;xfos sDkgL -æ3Æ ju{sf] n3'ljQ ;+:yf_ df ;+:yfks z]o/ :jfldTj r'Qmf k'FhLsf] Go"gtd %!
k|ltzt tyf clwstd &) k|ltzt;Dd /xg ;Sg]5 .
!=@= d'Vo sDkgLn] cfkm\gf] ljQLo ljj/0f k]z ubf{ ;xfos sDkgLsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx? klg PsLs[t
(Consolidated) ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgfy{ n]vf gLlt / ljQLo ljj/0f O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+=$
sf] ;DalGwt yk cg';"rLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;xfos sDkgLsf] n]vf gLlt,
;"rgf k|ljlw tyf cGo gLlt÷k|0ffnLx? (Policies, Procedures and Systems) d'Vo sDkgL;+u
;fd~h:otf sfod x'g] u/L Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=#= Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] tyf ;xfos sDkgLsf] k'FhL kof{Kttf
;DaGwL u0fgf 5'§f5'§} ?kdf / PsLs[t -Consolidated_ ?kdf ug'{ kg]{5 . PsLs[t -Consolidated_
?kdf u0fgf u/Lg] k'FhLsf]if ;DalGwt ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ tf]s] adf]lhdsf] -æsÆ, ævÆ, æuÆ /
æ3Æ ju{sf] nflu qmdzM !), !!, !! / * k|ltzt_ dfkb08 Pj+ lgb]{zg k"/f ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=$= d'Vo tyf ;xfos sDkgLaLr x'g] sf/f]af/ k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/ d"No (Arm's Length Transaction)
df cfwfl/t x'g' kg]{5 . d'Vo tyf ;xfos sDkgLaLr x'g] sf/f]af/df kf/blz{tf sfod /fVg oL
sDkgLx?aLr x'g] sf/f]jf/df ljQLo :jfy{ /xg] x'Fbf To:tf] sf/f]af/ (Related Party Transactions)
nfO{ b'j} sDkgLn] ;DalGwt kIfaLr x'g] sf/f]af/ (Related Party Transactions) zLif{s cGt{ut
v'nfpg -Disclose_ kg]{5 .
!=%= To:tf sf/f]jf/ eP kl5 lgoldt?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;f] sf/f]jf/af/] lj:t[t
hfgsf/L k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . k|ltikwf{Tds ahf/ d"Nodf sf/f]af/ gu/]df /÷jf To:tf sf/f]jf/af/]
lj:t[t ljj/0f lgb]{zgfg';f/ k|sflzt gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] kl/R5]b !! adf]lhd
hl/jfgf÷;hfo x'g]5 .
!=^= zfvf÷sfof{no :yfkgf tyf ;+rfngsf ;DaGwdf o; a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg g+= !$ adf]lhd æsÆ,
ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug'{ kg]{ b]xfosf Joj:yfx? ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug]{
k|of]hgfy{ klg nfu" x'g]5 .
-s_ o; a}+ssf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf lgb]{zgn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f u/]sf] .
-v_ l7s cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k+"hLsf]if k"/f u/]sf] .
-u_ l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf] .
@= n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yf -;xfos sDkgL_ n] ljBdfg Joj:yf
adf]lhd slDtdf #) k|ltzt z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .

218
 #= n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xfos sDkgL æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ?kdf /xg] x'gfn] Ohfhtkqk|fKt
æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yf -;xfos sDkgL_ df
u/]sf] ;+:yfks z]o/ nufgL tyf shf{ k|jfxnfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd ljkGg ju{ shf{
cGtu{t u0fgf ul/g] 5 .
$= Ohfhtkqk|fKt o:tf] æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfdf u/]sf] z]o/ nufgL /sdnfO{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6
36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{] ljBdfg k|fjwfgnfO{ ljkGg ju{df x'g] nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ o;
k|of]hgfy{ 5'6 lbOg] 5 . ;fy}, ;xfos sDkgLsf ?kdf :yflkt eO{ n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf]
ljQLo ;+:yfdf nufgL eO{ ljQLo :jfy{ :yflkt ePsf] v08df ;d]t ljQLo :jfy{ ePsf] ;+ul7t
;+:yfx?df ul/Psf] z]o/ nufgL /sdnfO{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fpg' kg]{ ljBdfg k|fjwfgnfO{ klg
5'6 lbOg] 5 .
%= n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf Psf3/ kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;Ël7t
;+:yf jf Ps} ;d"xsf sDkgLsf] z]o/ nufgLsf] clwstd xb r'Qmf k'FhLsf] @% k|ltzt;Dd x'g;Sg]
ljBdfg Joj:yf /x]sf]df o;/L ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt -æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ
ju{sf_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf To:tf] z]o/ nufgLsf] ;Ldfdf 5'6 lbO{g] 5 .
^= æ3Æ ju{sf] n3'ljQ sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkqsf] nflu k|:tfljt o:tf] ;xfos sDkgL o; a}+saf6
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æ3Æ ju{sf] 5'6\6} ljQLo ;+:yf -Separate Entity_ sf] ?kdf /xg] x'gfn] To:tf] ljQLo
;+:yfsf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f / cGo Joj:yfx? a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^#
tyf ljBdfg cGo Joj:yf cg'?k g} x'g] 5 .
@= dr]{G6 a}+ls+u ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] ;xfos sDkgL (Subsidiary Company) :yfkgf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] :jk'FhL -Equity_ nufgL u/]/ 5'§}
;xfos sDkgL dfkm{t g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{af6 cg'dlt lnO{ nufgL ;DaGwL ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yf tyf
cGo k|rlnt sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /xL dr]{G6 a}+ls+u ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ ;xfos sDkgL
-Subsidiary Company_ :yfkgf u/L sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] gLltut
Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf]] 5 .
-!_ dr]{G6 a}+ls+u ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] ;xfos sDkgLn] klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLsf] ?kdf ;+:yfkg eO{
sDtLdf #) k|ltzt z]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu lgisfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ;xfos sDkgLdf d'Vo sDkgLsf] sDtLdf %! k|ltzt / clwstd &) k|ltzt;Dd ;+:yfks z]o/
:jfldTj /x]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug]{ a}+s÷ljQLo ljQLo ;+:yfn] b]xfosf cj:yf kfngf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-s_ o; a}+ssf] gLltut Joj:yf tyf lgb]{zgn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f u/]sf] ,
-v_ l7s cl3Nnf] dlxgfsf] ljQLo ljj/0fdf o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhLsf]if k"/f u/]sf] ,
-u_ l7s cl3Nnf] qodf;df lgliqmo shf{ % k|ltzteGbf a9L gePsf] .
-$_ ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ubf{ o; a}+ssf] ;}4flGts ;xdlt / :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s ;dIf lgj]bg lb+bf d'Vo sDkgL ;DaGwL b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
sfuhft ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-s_ k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL,
-v_ cfos/ tyf sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ k|df0fkq,
-u_ ljut tLg cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;lxtsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx?,
-3_ ;+rfns ;ldltn] dr]{G6 a}+ls+u sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{osf]
k|ltlnlk
b|:6JoM Ohfhtkq k|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ jf æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] dr]{06 a}lsËsf] sfo{ ug]{ 5'§} ;xfos
sDkgL vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf ldlt @)^^÷)&÷@@ df of] lgb]{zg hf/L ug'{ cufj} g]kfn lwtf]kq jf]8{af6 dr]{06
a}lsË ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ cg'dltkq k|fKt u/]sf t/, ltg cfly{s jif{ ;DkGg e} g;s]sf] sf/0f pk/f]Qm
adf]lhd ltg cfly{s jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;lxtsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx? k]z ug{ g;s]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?nfO{ ;f] ljj/0f ;dfj]z ug{ cfjZos kg]{ 5}g .
-^_ dr]{G6 a}+s/ ;DaGwL ;xfos sDkgLn]] lgofds lgsfoaf6 cg'dltkq k|fKt u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf Ps
jf Ps eGbf a9L sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ lwtf]kq lgisfzgsf nflu ljj/0f kq, laqmL ;DaGwL k|:tfj tyf cGo ljj/0f tof/ ug]{
nufot lwtf]kqsf] lgisfzg tyf laqmL k|jGw ;DaGwL cfjZos ;a} sfo{x? ,

219
 -v_ ;+ul7t ;+:yf;+u ;Demf}tf u/L ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] lgisfzg u/]sf] lwtf]kqx? laqmL gePsf]
cj:yfdf cfk"mn] vl/b ug{ k|Tofe"lt -c08//fOl6Ë_ lbg] sfo{ ug{,
-u_ ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 lwtf]kqwgLx?sf] clen]v /fVg] tyf lwtf]kqx?sf] gfd;f/L nufot
z]o/ /lhi6«]zg ;DaGwL cGo ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{,
-3_ u|fxs;+u ;Demf}tf u/L u|fxssf nflu nufgL Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{,
-ª_ lwtf]kqsf] vl/b tyf laqmL b'j} d"No c+lst u/L To:tf] lwtf]kq cfkm\gf] gfdaf6 vl/b tyf
laqmL u/L ahf/ lgdf{tfsf] sfo{ .
-&_ ;xfos sDkgLn] b]xfosf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5}gg\ M
-s_ lwtf]kq bnfnL ;DaGwL Joj;fo ,
-v_ cfkm"n] hf/L u/]sf] lwtf]kqsf] Jofkf/ .
-*_ ;xfos sDkgLn] ljQLo ;|f]t ;+sng ug]{ k|of]hgn] bfloTj:j?k lgisfzg ug]{ s'g} klg
;'/If0fkqx?df d'Vo sDkgL -Parent Company_ n] nufgL ug{ gkfpg] / ;f] ;'/If0fkqsf] lwtf]df
shf{ k|jfx ;d]t ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-(_ ;xfos sDkgLsf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f / cGo Joj:yfx? g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{n] to u/]sf]
gLlt lgb]{zg tyf ljBdfg cGo Joj:yf cg'?k x'g]5 . o; Joj:yfaf6 pQm ;xfos sDkgLdf g]kfn
/fi6« a}+ssf] tkm{af6 cfjZostf cg';f/ lg/LIf0f ÷;'kl/j]If0f ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-!)_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt d'Vo sDkgLn] cfkm\gf] ljQLo ljj/0f k]z ubf{ ;xfos sDkgLsf] ljQLo
ljj/0fx? ;d]t PsLs[t?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] k|of]hgfy{ n]vf gLlt / ljQLo ljj/0f O=k|f=lgb]{zg
g+=$ sf] ;DalGwt yk cg';"rLdf tf]lsP adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy}, ;xfos sDkgLsf] n]vf gLlt,
;"rgf k|ljlw tyf cGo gLlt÷k|0ffnLx? -Policies, Procedures and Systems) d'Vo sDkgL;+u
;fd~h:otf sfod x'g] u/L Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!!_ d'Vo tyf ;xfos sDkgLaLr x'g] sf/f]af/df kf/blz{tf sfod /fVg oL sDkgLx?aLr x'g] sf/f]jf/df
ljQLo :jfy{ /xg] x'Fbf To:tf] sf/f]af/ -Related Party Transactions_ nfO{ b'j} sDkgLn] ;DalGwt
kIfaLr x'g] sf/f]af/ -Related Party Transactions_ zLif{s cGt{ut v'nfpg' -Disclose_ kg]{5 .
-!@_ To:tf] sf/f]jf/ eP kl5 lgoldt?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{ ljQLo ljj/0fdf ;f] sf/f]jf/af/] lj:t[t
hfgsf/L k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/ d"Nodf sf/f]af/ gu/]df /÷jf To:tf] sf/f]jf/ af/]
lj:t[t ljj/0f lgb]{zgfg';f/ k|sflzt gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] kl/R5]b !! adf]lhd
h'g;'s} hl/jfgf÷;hfo x'g ;Sg]5 .
-!#_ ;xfos sDkgLsf] ljQLo ljj/0fsf] n]vfk/LIf0f g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf ;"rLs[t n]vfk/LIfsaf6 dfq
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-!$_ ;xfos sDkgLn] jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] ;fydf ljQLo ljj/0fx? Pj+ Long Form Audit
Report ;d]t g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf lgoldt ?kdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-!%_ O=k|f= lgb]{zg g+= * df ePsf cGo Joj:yfnfO{ oyfjt sfod /fvL] æo;}u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn]
;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/df nufgL ubf{ nufgL x'g] ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhLsf] !) k|ltztdf
ggf3\g] u/L dfq nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ eGg] Joj:yf o; k|of]hgsf nflu 5'6 k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . t/,
;xfos sDkgLn] ;+rfngsf] @ jif{leq ;j{;fwf/0fdf z]o/ hf/L gu/]df pQm 5'6 ;'ljwf pknAw x'g]
5}g .
-!^_ dr]{06 a}lsË ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ 5'§} ;xfos sDkgLdf nufgL ubf{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ
ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljQLo :jfy{ :yflkt x'g] ePsf]n] pQm ;xfos sDkgLdf ul/Psf] s'n
nufgL /sdnfO{ k'FhLsf]if u0fgf ubf{ k|fylds k'FhLaf6 36fO{ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{]5 .
-!&_ ;xfos sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ o; a}+ssf] ;}4flGts ;xdlt / :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ul/g] lgj]bgsf]
;fydf ;xfos sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL ;d]t o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o; cl3 ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf pko'{Qm ljifo;+u ;DalGwt
lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

220
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu

O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @!÷)^&

laifo M ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwdf .

o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ ljljw Joj:yf ;DjGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf &(
n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L b]xfosf] lgb]{zg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= jLdf clestf{sf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf $& pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -;_, pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -if_,
pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -km_ adf]lhd s, v, / u ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?n] æ/fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo
sfo{ ug]{Æ Joj:yf cGt/ut /xL Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] rfx]df k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;DjlGwt lgsfosf]
:jLs[lt lnO{ cfkm\gf u|fxsx?sf] nflu dfq jLdf clestf{sf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
@= sDKo"6/ ;km\6j]o/sf] k|of]u÷vl/b ug{] ;DaGwdf
k|ltlnlk clwsf/ P]g, @)%( n] sDKo"6/ ;km\6j]o/nfO{ af}l4s ;DklQsf] ?kdf JofVof u/]sf] Pj+ u}/ sfg'gL
tyf gSsnL sDKo"6/ ;km\6j]o/sf] k|of]u sfg'gåf/f g} lgif]w u/]sf] x'Fbf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] gSsnL
sDKo"6/ ;km\6j]o/af6 aRg ;fjwfgL Pj+ ;ts{tf ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
#= ;|f]tdf s/ s§L -TDS_ ljj/0f k7fpg'kg]{ ;DaGwdf
cfos/ P]g @)%* sf] kl/R5]b !& df clu|d ?kdf ;|f]tdf s/ s§L -TDS_ ug'{ kg]{ /sd s§L u/L k|To]s
dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] !% -kGw|_ lbgleq ljj/0f ;lxt s§L ul/Psf] /sd ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j
sfof{nodf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ / gu/]df z'Ns tyf Aofh nfUg] Joj:yf ;a} ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfo
tyf ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{ s/bftfx?n] clgjfo{ ?kdf e-TDS sf] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{ u/L tf]lsPsf] x'Fbf
cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf] Website: www.ird.gov.np/etds df log on u/L ljj/0f entry ug{ / sDKo'6/af6
;f] sf] Submission Number lng] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
$= k'FhL a[l4 ;DjGwdf
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pj+ ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq ;DjGwL gLltut Pj+ k|s[ofut Joj:yf,
@)^# df ul/Psf] Aoj:yf cg';f/ o; a}+ssf] ldlt @)^#÷!@÷!# df ePsf] lg0f{oeGbf cl3 ;~rfngdf
/lx/x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] b]xfo adf]lhd k"/f ug'{ kg]{ k'FhL of]hgf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 .
!= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] juL{s/0f / Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
ju{ /fli6«o:t/ If]qLo:t/* $–!) lhNnf* !–# lhNnf*
æsÆ ?= @)) s/f]8 – –
ævÆ ?= ^$ s/f]8 – ?= #) s/f]8 a/ ?= #) s/f]8 a/
?= @) s/f]8 ?= !) s/f]8
æuÆ ?= #) s/f]8 a/ – – ?= #) s/f]8 a/
?= !) s/f]8
?= @) s/f]8 – –
b/ # c/
æ3Æ ?= !) s/f]8 ?= ^ s/f]8 ?= @ s/f]8 ?= ! s/f]8
* sf7df8f}+ pkTosf afx]s . o:tf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] sfo{ If]q÷kl/of]hgf tf]lsPsf lhNnfx?df ;Lldt /xg] .
a/ lnlhË sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf dfq nfu" x'g] .
b/ n3'ljQ sf/f]jf/ dfq ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yf .
c/ kxf8L If]qsf yk % lhNnfdf ;d]t .
# ljsf; If]qleq ;~rfng x'g] .

221
 @= pko'{Qm ;dodf ;~rfngdf /lx/x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n] @)&) cfiff9 d;fGtleq gofF
Joj:yf ul/P cg';f/sf] r'Qmf k'FhL ;dfg'kflts ¿kdf afFsL jif{x¿df k"/f ug{ @)^$ cfiff9
d;fGtnfO{ cfwf/ jif{sf] ¿kdf lnO{ cf=j= @)^$.^% b]lv x/]s jif{ gk'u /sdsf] ;dfg'kflts b/n]
a[l4 ub}{ n}hfg' kg]{ / ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] Jofj;flos of]hgf÷ k'FhL of]hgf (Capital Plan) k]z ug'{
kg]{5 . o;/L k'FhL k'¥ofpFbf plNnlvt k'FhLdf sDtLdf *) k|ltzt r'Qmf k'FhL / afFsL @) k|ltzt
k|fylds k'FhLdf u0fgf x'g] cGo >f]taf6 ;d]t k"/f ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
#= lj=;+=@)&) cfiff9 d;fGtleq dfly plNnlvt k|fjwfg jdf]lhd tf]lsPsf] jif{sf] r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f
gug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL x'g] 5 . o; k|of]hgsf] nflu r'Qmf
k'FhL k"/f gePsf] jif{nfO{ cfwf/ jif{sf] ?kdf lnOg] 5 .
-s_ cf=j= @)^$.^% df tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL gk'¥ofpg]nfO{ nfefFz /f]Ssf /fVg] .
-v_ cf=j= @)^%.^^ df tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL gk'¥ofpg]nfO{ lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ ;d]t k|ltjGw
nufO{g] .
-u_ cf=j= @)^^.^& df tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL gk'¥ofpg]nfO{ shf{ nufgLdf ;d]t k|ltjGw
nufO{g] .
-3_ cf=j= @)^&.^* df tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL gk'¥ofpg]nfO{ shf{ c;'nL tyf lgIf]k e'QmfgL
jfx]ssf ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]jf/df k|ltjGw nufO{g] . ;f] cjlwkl5 Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{tkm{ ;d]t
sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fOg] .
-ª_ dfly plNnlvt r'Qmf k'FhL gk'u ePsf b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?n]
plNnlvt cjlwleq cfk;df ufleg] u/L o; a}+s ;dIf k|:tfj k]z u/]df tL b'j} ;+:yfdf
sfod /x]sf] k'FhLnfO{ hf]8L r'Qmf k'FhL k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g] .
$= s'g} JolQm kmd{, sDkgL, Psf3/ kl/jf/ jf ;+ul7t ;+:Yffjf6 ;+:Yffks z]o/df nufgL ubf{ o;
a}+saf6 Ohfhtkq k|fKt s'g} Ps a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf a9Ldf !% k|ltzt / cGo a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?df r'Qmf k'FhLsf] a9Ldf Ps k|ltzt;Dd dfq nufgL ug{ ;lsg]5 . ljutdf Ps
eGbfa9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;+:yfks jf ;+:yfks ;d"x eO{ nufgL u/]sf] /sd of] gLlt nfu"
ePsf] ldltn] % jif{leq cfjZos k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ a]rljvg u/L÷x6fO{ plNnlvt ;Ldfleq ;Lldt
x'g] Joj:yf sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= ljutdf n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx?sf] z]o/ k|lt JolQm Psf3/ kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf
jf Ps} ;d"xsf sDkgLn] @% k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] ePdf @)^* cfiff9 d;fGtleq @%
k|ltztsf] ;Ldfleq Nofpg' kg]{5 .
^= o; a}+saf6 ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf s'g} a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf Psf3/
kl/jf/, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf Pp6} ;d"xsf] sDkgLaf6 PseGbf a9L JolQm ;+rfns kbdf
dgf]gog÷lgjf{rg x'g ;Sg] 5}g . t/ n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+ssf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ æ3Æ ju{sf] ljQLo
;+:yfsf] xsdf pk/f]Qm Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
Ps} kl/jf/÷kmd{÷sDkgL÷;d"xaf6 Ps eGbf a9L JolQm Pp6} ;+:yfdf ;~rfns /x]sf] eP cfufdL ;fwf/0f
;ef jf a9Ldf Psjif{leq h'g klxnf x'G5 ;f]xL adf]lhd Joj:yf u/L Pshgf dfq ;~rfns /xg] Joj:yf
ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
%= k'FhL of]hgf k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf
a'Fbf g+= $ adf]lhd ;~rfngdf /lx/x]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n] @)&) cfiff9 d;fGtleq gofF Joj:yf
ul/P cg';f/sf] r'Qmf k'FhL a[l4 ub}{ n}hfg' kg]{ ;Gbe{df x/]s jif{ gk'u /sdsf] ;dfg'kflts b/n] j[l4 ub}{
n}hfgsf] nflu k'FhL of]hgf (Capital Plan) agfO{ o; a}+ssf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu /
;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
o; k|of]hgsf nflu …r'Qmf k'FhL… eGg] zAbn] ;fwf/0f z]o/ jfktsf] r'Qmf k'FhL -af]g; z]o/ tyf xsk|b
z]o/_ nfO{ dfq a'emfpg] / ;f] r'Qmf k'FhLdf ;fwf/0f z]o/ afktsf] k|:tfljt af]g; z]o/nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z
ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
^= Long Form Audit Report ;DaGwdf
Long Form Audit Report nfO{ ;do ;fk]If / k|efjsf/L agfpg o;};fy ;+nUg 9fFrf -cg';"rL @!=&_
cg';f/ nfu" ul/Psf] 5 . pQm Long Form Audit Report nfO{ o; a}+ssf] web-site: www.nrb.org.np sf]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu cGt/ut /flvPsf] x'gfn] ;f]xL web-site af6 ;"rgf k|fKt u/L cfˆgf]

222
 ;+:yfsf] afXo n]vfk/LIfsaf6 ;f] Long Form Audit Report s} 9fFrfdf tof/ ul/Psf] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f
k|ltj]bgnfO{ ;f]em} o; a}+sdf cfOk'Ug] u/L k7fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg ;DaGwL ljlgod agfpFbf cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ dfu{bz{g ;DaGwdf
-!_ Ohfhtkqk|+fKt ;+:yfn] s] s:tf shf{ c;'n x'g g;Sg] x'g\ lgwf{/0f ug]{ cfwf/ tof/ u/L To:tf] shf{
ckn]vg ug]{ af/] cf–cfˆgf] ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ljlgod th'{df u/L o; a}+saf6 :jLs[lt lnO{ nfu" ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd shf{ v/fa au{df k/L !)) k|ltzt shf{ gf]S;fgL Aoj:yf eO{ ;s]sf
shf{x?nfO{ ckn]vg ug{ ;lsg] 5 . t/, % jif{eGbf a9Ln] efsf gf3]sf / zt k|ltzt shf{
gf]S;fgL Joj:Yff ePsf shf{x?nfO{ clgjfo{ ckn]vg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ C0fL / C0f;Fu ;DjlGwt kIfx?nfO{ o; a}+ssf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| ln= sf]
sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ ckn]vg ul/Psf] shf{sf] xsdf To:tf] shf{ :jLs[t x'Fbf s'g tx jf s;sf] lg0f{oaf6 :jLs[t ePsf]
xf]< / To:tf] shf{sf] ;'/If0f afkt /flvPsf] lwtf]sf] d"Nof+sg s;/L ul/Psf] xf] < ;fy}, To:tf] shf{
c;'nLsf] nflu s] s:tf] k|of;x? ul/of] < o;/L ckn]vgdf hfg'kgf{sf] cf}lrTotf cflb af/] clen]vdf
hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ Ohfhtkqk|+fKt ;+:yfn] ckn]vg ul/Psf shf{sf] c;'nLsf nflu Pp6f 5'§} shf{ c;'nL OsfOsf]
:yfkgf u/L To:tf] shf{x?sf] c;'nLsf nflu ;DjlGwt ;+:yfn] lg/Gt/ k|of; hf/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-^_ Ohfhtkqk|+fKt ;+:yfn] ckn]vg u/]sf shf{x?sf] cBfjlws lja/0f 5'§} /lhi6/ v8f u/L /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-&_ Ohfhtkqk|+fKt ;+:yfn] rfn' jif{df ckn]vg ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f -dfly pka'Fbf g+= $ df
pNn]lvt a'Fbfx? ;dfj]z u/L_ jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf clgjfo{ ?kn] pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ Ohfhtkqk|+fKt ;+:yfn] shf{ ckn]vg ;DaGwdf sfg'gdf :ki6?kdf Joj:yf gu/L :ki6 dfu{lgb]{zg
jf lgb]{lzsf ;d]tsf] cefjdf ldgfxf tyf ckn]vg sfo{ ubf{ lg0f{ostf{dfly cToflws clwsf/
/xg hfg] ;DefJotfnfO{ x[bo+ud u/L ljj]sflwsf/ k|of]u x'g glbg C0f /sd ldgfxf jf
ckn]vgaf6 eljiodf kg{ ;Sg] k|efj ;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL ;f] ;DaGwdf :ki6 tyf kf/bzL{
gLltut Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ Ohfhtkqk|+fKt ;+:yfn] ckn]vg ul/Psf shf{x?sf] ljj/0f cfly{s aif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !%
lbgleq ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]If0f laefu / shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| ln= df k7fpg' kg]{5 .
*= :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf (SLF) ;DaGwdf
-s_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf cf–cfˆgf
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 6«]h/L laN; / ljsf; C0fkqsf] lwtf]df To:tf C0fkqx¿sf]
c+lst d"Nosf] () k|ltzt;Ddn] x'g cfpg] /sd cNksfnLg :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf -shf{_ pknJw
u/fpg ;lsg]5 .
-v_ :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfdf nufOg] k]gfn Aofhb/ # k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . :yfoL t/ntf
;'ljwfsf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ kl5Nnf] (!– lbg] 6«]h/L ljN;sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ jf ljut Ps
dlxgfleqsf] kl5Nnf] l/kf] af]nsjf]nsf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ jf k|rlnt a}+sb/dWo] h'g clwstd
5, To;df # k|ltzt ljGb'n] k]gfn Aofhb/ yk u/L lgwf{/0f ug]{ Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
(= ævÆ, æuÆ / æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DjGwL sfo{ ug]{ ;DaGwdf
b]xfo adf]lhdsf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:Yffkg ljefuaf6
:jLs[lt k|fKt u/L ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DjGwL b]xfo jdf]lhdsf yk sfo{ ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ ævÆ, æuÆ / æ3Æ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] lgodfg';f/ OHffhtkq k|fKt u/L Ogjf8{ /]ld6\ofG;
-Inward Remittance_ sf] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] .
-v_ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ef/tLo d'b|fsf] vl/b tyf laqmL ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug{ ;Sg] .
-u_ /fli6«o:t/sf ævÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] .
-3_ /fli6«o:t/sf ævÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] vl/b÷ljqmL ug{, kf;kf]6{ afkt ;6xL
;'ljwf k|bfg ug{, ljb]zL d'b|fdf vftf vf]Ng tyf Nostro Account vf]Ng ;Sg] .
-ª_ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] :jLs[t k|fKt a}+ssf] ;xfos Ph]06 eO{ g]kfnL / ef/tLo
d'b|fsf] Debit / Credit sf8{ hf/L ug{ ;Sg] .

223
 -r_ /fli6«o:t/ afx]ssf ævÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;d]t ljb]zL d'b|f vl/b u/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s jf
jfl0fHo a}+sx?nfO{ laqmL ug{ ;Sg] .
-5_ æ3Æ ju{sf ;+:yfn] ;DalGwt lgsfosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;j{;fwf/0faf6 ef/tLo d'b|f vl/b ug{ ;Sg]
tyf ;f] d'b|f a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ dfq laqmL ug{ ;Sg] .
!)= :jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ;DaGwdf
:jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ rfxg] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx¿n]
cfkm"n] :jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ rfx]sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf] jfl0fHo a}+s;+u ;xdlt
-Memorandum of Understanding_ u/L tyf Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] cfkm\g} zfvf jf cGo Ph]G;Lx? dfkm{t :jb]zL /sdfGt/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ rfx]df /sdfGt/ ;DaGwL
;Dk"0f{ hf]lvd æsÆ ju{sf] jfl0fHo a}+sn] axg ug]{ u/L o; a}+ssf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu cg'/f]w u/]df :jLs[lt
k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
!!= lnvt g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{ -JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgL÷
;+:yf_ tyf sf/0fL -C0fL÷hdfgt lbg] ;d]t_ af6 tof/ ug]{÷u/fpg] sfuhftx? -h'g;'s} lnvt, hdfgLkq
jf dGh'/Lgfdf_ k|rlnt P]g sfg'g adf]lhd b]jgfu/L lnkL g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . t/ ;DjlGwt
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s k|of]hgsf] nflu To;/L g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ul/Psf lnvtx?
c+u|]hL efiffdf cg'jfb u/L clen]vdf /fVg eg] kfOg] 5 .
ljb]zL gful/sx?;+u x'g] sf/f]jf/df / ljb]zL a}+ls+u sf/f]jf/df dfq k|of]u x'g] lnvtx?sf] xsdf eg] -h:t}M
k|lttkq_ g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ug{ clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5}g .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{;+u ;DalGwt shf{ td;'s -Loan Deed_, lwtf]aGws lnvt -Mortgage Deed_,
Hypothecation Agreement / Trust Receipt Agreement clgjfo{?kdf b]jgfu/L lnkL g]kfnL efiffdf tof/
ug'{kg]{ / Consortium Loan Agreement, Letter of Assignment, Letter of Guarantee sf] xsdf xfnnfO{ c+u|]hL
efiffdf ;d]t tof/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;fy}, oL sfuhftx?nfO{ klg qmlds ?kdf g]kfnL efiffdf tof/ ub}{
hfg] gLltut Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
lnvt÷hdfgLkq tof/ ubf{ hdfgL /sd, cjlw, C0fsf] k|of]hg, k|d'v C0fL, ;fIfL, hdfgtstf{sf] gfd,
7]ufgf, ;f] sf] ;gfvt nufotsf ljifox? tyf cGo k|sf/sf lnvtx?df ;d]t b]xfo adf]lhdsf
ljifox?nfO{ oyf]lrt :yfgdf clgjfo{ ?kn]] pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
lnvtdf :ki6;+u pNn]v x'g'kg]{ ljifox?
• sf/0fLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ldlt, JolQmsf] xsdf gful/stf÷kf;kf]6{ gDa/ tyf ltg k':t],
• Dofb, cjlw, k|of]hg,
• sf/0fLsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfåf/f ;gfvt,
• /sd,
• ;fIfL -Witness_,
• x:tfIf/ klxrfg ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt sf/0fLsf] gfd,
• cGo cfjZos b]lvPsf ljifox? .
!@= ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf] ljj/0f ;DaGwdf
cfly{s jif{ @)%(÷^) b]lv :yfkgf e} ;+rfngdf cfPsf afl0fHo a+}s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?sf] ?=
@) nfv eGbf a9Lsf]] ;+:yfks z]o/ wf/0f ug]{ ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?sf] ljj/0f lgDg 9fFrfdf cfGtl/s
/fh:j ljefu, nflhDkf6df pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
l;=g+= a}s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfd z]o/wgLsf] gfd 7]ufgf kmf]g g+= nufgL u/]sf] /sd s}lkmot

!#= Electronic payment sf] ;DaGwdf

OG6/g]6, df]jfOn, ljleGg k|sf/sf sf8{ -Card_ tyf cGo On]S6«f]lgs e'StfgL k|0ffnL -Electronic payment_
sf] dfWodaf6 vl/b ul/Psf a:t' tyf ;]jfsf] e'StfgL ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu OR5's sDkgLn] k|rlnt P]g
sfg'g tyf lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL Electronic payment sf] dfWodaf6 e'StfgL ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{
;Sg]5 .

224
 -s_ ljb]zL d'b|fdf x'g] o:tf] sf/f]jf/ ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
-v_ o:tf]] sfo{ ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] Joj:yf ;DalGwt sDkgLn] u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-u_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] cfkm\gf] k|jGwkq÷lgodfjnLdf o; k|s[ltsf] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] p2]Zo :ki6 pNn]v
ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-3_ o:tf] sfo{ ug]{ sDkgL / o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf] s'g} afl0fHo a}+s jf /fli6«o:t/sf]
ævÆ ju{sf] s'g} ljsf; a}+saLr ;Demf}tf jf Memorandum of Understanding ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-ª_ To:tf] ;Demf}tf jf Memorandum of Understanding df cfjZos cGo ljifox?sf cltl/Qm lj:t[t
?kdf e'QmfgL k|s[of tyf sfo{ljlw :ki6;+u v'nfPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-r_ o; k|of]hgsf nflu To:tf] sDkgLn] ;Demf}tf u/]sf] æsÆ ju{sf] afl0fHo a}+s jf /fli6«o:t/sf] ævÆ
ju{sf] ljsf; a}+sdf Pp6f 5'§} Non-operative vftf vf]Ng' kg]{ / To:tf] vftfdf u|fxsx?af6
;+sng x'g] /sd ;f]em} hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-5_ vl/b ul/Psf a:t' tyf ;]jfsf] e'StfgL kfpg] ;DalGwt kIf -Beneficiary_ nfO{ e'QmfgL lbg]
k|of]hgsf nflu / ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePcg';f/ sf/f]jf/af6 x'g] cfDbfgL÷vr{sf] lx;fj ldnfg ug]{
k|of]hgsf nflu afx]s cGo k|of]hgsf nflu To:tf] Non-operative vftfaf6 vr{ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
!$= SWIFT Message sf] dfWodaf6 /sdfGt/ ug{] ;DaGwdf
SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) k|ljlw h8fg u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?n] SWIFT Message sf] dfWodaf6 o; a}+s;+u sf/f]jf/ ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ul/Psf] 5 M
s= o:tf] sf/f]jf/sf nflu cfOtaf/b]lv laxLaf/;Dd ck/fGx @M)) jh];Dd /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w
eO{ cfPdf ;f]xL lbg /sdfGt/ ul/g] .
v= ck/fGx @M)) jh] kl5 /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] lbg kl5sf] csf]{
sfo{lbgdf /sdfGt/ ul/g] .
u= z'qmaf/ lbgsf] !!M#) jh];Dd /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w e} cfPdf ;f]xL lbg /sdfGt/ ul/g] .
3= z'qmaf/ lbgsf] !!M#) jh] kl5 /sdfGt/sf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] lbg kl5sf] csf]{
sfo{lbgdf /sdfGt/ ul/g] .
!%= a}+sb/ -Bank Rate_ ;DaGwdf
cGt/a}+s / v'nf ahf/ tyf :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfaf6 cfjZos t/ntf cfk"lt{ x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf o;
a}+sdf vftf /x]sf jfl0fHo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a9Ldf ^ dlxgfsf] nflu k|rlnt a}+sb/df clGtd
C0fbftf ;'ljwf lbOg] 5 . o; a}+sdf clgjfo{ df}Hbft sfod ug{sf] nflu /fv]sf] gub df}Hbft, g]kfn
;/sf/sf] ;'/If0fkq / c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df o:tf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
!^= cfo;|f]t -Income Source_ ;DaGwdf
h'g;'s} k|of]hgsf] nflu kF"[hL a[l4 ug]{ ;Gbe{df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks÷;+:yfks ;d"xsf] z]o/
vl/b ubf{ ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx¿n] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf -a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pj+ ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug{]
Ohfhtkq ;DjGwL gLltut Pj+ k|s[ofut Aoj:yfM @)^# sf] ;+zf]lwt cg';"rL # sf] a'Fbf g+= !^ sf] ljj/0f_
nufgL x'g] /sdsf] cfo;|f]t;DaGwL ljj/0f clgjfo{ ¿kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] sf] clen]v ;DalGwt a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{ tyf ;f] ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ clen]vsf] k|ltlnlk o; a}+ssf] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefudf ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!&= ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ k|fljlws ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] ;DaGwdf
g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf k+"hLut nufgL ug]{ u/L k+"hL vftf v'Nnf gul/Ptf klg Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf
jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] cfkm\gf] k|aGwkqdf pNn]lvt ljifodf o; a}+ssf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnO{ ljb]zdf k+"hLut nufgL
gx'g] u/L ljb]zL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ u}¥x sf]ifdf cfwfl/t laleGg k|fljlws ;]jf -Technical
Service_ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
!*= ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6, ns/ ;]jf ;+rfng ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt /fli6«o:t/sf] æuÆ ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6, ns/ ;]jf -Safe Deposit Vault,
Locker Service_ pknAw u/fpFbf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
!= ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k'FhL o; a}+sn] tf]s] adf]lhd k'u]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
@= ;+:yfsf] ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6 ;Grfngsf] nflu 5'§} lgb]{lzsf÷ljlgod x'g' kg]]{ .

225
 #= ;+:yfn] cfk"m;+u lgIf]k / shf{sf] sf/f]jf/ u/]sf cfkm\gf u|fxsx?nfO{ dfq ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6sf]
;]jf pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ .
$= ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6 ;Grfng ug'{ cufj} ;'/Iffsf] nflu CCTV h8fg x'g'kg]{ ;fy} cnfd{ k4lt -
Alarm System) sf] Joj:yf u/L ;f] cnfd{ k4ltaf6 ;/sf/L ;'/Iff lgsfo;Dd ;"rgf k|jfx ug{
;lsg] lsl;dsf] Joj:yf clgjfo{ ?kdf x'g'kg]{ / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L o; a}+snfO{ lbg' kg]{ .
%= ;fOhsf] cfwf/df ;]km l8kf]lh6 eN6sf] juL{s/0f u/L ;f]xL cg'?k clgjfo{ jLdf u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .
!(= Automated Teller Machine ;+rfng ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqkqk|fKt ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] b]xfosf] zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL Automated Teller
Machine (ATM) /fVg ;Sg]]5g\ .
!= k"jf{wf/ tyf e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf] ;'/Iffsf] k"0f{ bfloTj ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] g} x'g]5 .
@= ;]jf z'Ns ;DaGwL Joj:yf :ki6?kdf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
#= o;} lgb]{zgsf] a'Fbf g+= ( sf] v08 -ª_ cg';f/ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt afl0fHo a}+s;+u ;Dj4tf
sfod u/L ;Demf}tf u/]/ ;xfos Ph]06sf] ?kdf o:tf] sfo{ ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
$= /fli6«o:t/sf ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf ;+:yf afx]s cGo ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] :jLs[t sfo{If]qdf ;Lldt /xg]
u/L cfkm\gf u|fxsx?nfO{ dfq ;]jf k|bfg ug{ cfkm\g} 5'§} ATM /fVg ;Sg] 5g\ .
@)= lnnfdL ubf{ :jfldTj tyf ef]uflwsf/ x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] af]nsjf]nsf] dfWodaf6 lwtf] lnnfdL -Auction_ ubf{ ;DalGwt af]nsjf]njfnf
-Bidder_ JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf g} pQm ;DklQsf] :jfldTj tyf ef]uflwsf/ -Ownership & Possession_
x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
@!= ;fwf/0f÷;+:yfks z]o/x? hkmt ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?sf] ;fwf/0f z]o/ tyf ;+:yfks z]o/df sf/jfxLdf k/]sf JolQm / lghsf] Psf3/
kl/jf/n] nufgL u/]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf ;fwf/0f÷;+:yfks z]o/x? hkmt u/L lnnfd ug]{ / To;/L k|fKt x'g
cfpg] /sd shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu pkof]u ug{' kg]{5 .
@@= ;fOgaf]8{ tyf n]6/Kof8 ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ …sÚ, …vÚ, …uÚ / …3Ú ju{sf ;+:yfx?sf] ;fOgaf]8{ tyf n]6/Kof8 x]bf{
:ki6?kdf s'g ju{sf] ljQLo ;+:yf xf] egL 5'6\ofpg sl7g eO{ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfdf ;d]t ;f] sf] ;DaGwdf
e|d kg{;Sg] b]lvPsf] x'Fbf o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkq k|fKt …sÚ, …vÚ, …uÚ / …3Ú ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n]
cfˆgf] ;fOgaf]8{ tyf n]6/Kof8df ;+:yfsf] gfdsf] l7s tn clgjfo{?kdf sf]i7df b]xfo adf]lhdsf] jfSof+z
pNn]v ug'{÷u/fpg' kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ jfSof+z
Ohfhtk|fKt …sÚ ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 …sÚ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
Ohfhtk|fKt …vÚ ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 …vÚ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
Ohfhtk|fKt …uÚ ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 …uÚ ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
Ohfhtk|fKt …3Ú ju{sf ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 …3Ú ju{sf] Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yf
@#= r]s dfkm{t\ sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;DklQ z'l4s/0f -dlg nfp08l/Ë_ lgjf/0f P]g, @)^$ sf]
p2]ZonfO{ ;d]t ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ?=%) nfv jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] /sd e'QmfgL ubf{ clgjfo{?kdf PsfpG6k]oL
r]s dfkm{t\ ug'{ kg]{]5 .
@$= Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|fljlws ;]jf ;'ljwf -Technical Service Agreement, TSA_ cGtu{t
Seconded Staff sf] ?kdf cfPsf÷cfpg] u}/ g]kfnL gful/sx?sf] xsdf ljBdfg >d P]g tyf lgodfjnL
cg';f/ >d :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ Joj:yf /x]sf]n] ;f]xL adf]lhd :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq sfo{ ug{'÷u/fpg' kg]{5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+o'Qm nufgL -Joint Venture_ sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] k|fljlws ;]jf ;Demf}tf
-TSA) ;DaGwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf / ljb]zL nufgLstf{aLr ;Demf}tf u/L k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ubf{ …ljb]zL
nufgL tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f P]g, @)$(Ú sf] bkmf -#_ adf]lhd ljefu -ljefu eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
pBf]u ljefu jf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljefu eGg] ;Demg' k5{_ ;dIf :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf
/x]sf]n] pQm sfg'gL Joj:yfsf] kl/kfngf ug{'÷u/fpg' kg]{5 .
@%= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf Pj+ ljQLo sf/f]jf/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL gLltut Pj+ k|s[ofut Joj:yf,
@)^# sf] a'Fbf !=# df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf gofF a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL k'¥ofpg]
k|lta4tfsf] Dofb @)^& r}q d;fGt;Dd sfod ul/Psf] 5 .

226
@^= a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !( -v_ df ;+ul7t If]q;+u ;DalGwt lgsfosf] JofVof
gePsf] t/ pQm If]qdf sfo{/t JolQmsf] sfof{g'ejn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;+rfngdf ;xof]u k'uf]; eGg]
x]t' o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt ug]{ æsÆ ju{sf] jfl0fHo a}+s tyf ævÆ ju{sf] /fli6«o :t/sf] ljsf; a}+ssf]
xsdf ;+ul7t If]q egL o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf÷;xsf/LnfO{ dfq dfGotf lbg ;lsg]
5.
@&= Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf / /fli6«o :t/sf ævÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cf–cfˆgf] ;+rfns
;ldltn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08leq /xL Forward, Options, Swap , Futures h:tf ljleGg 8]l/e]l6E; -Derivatives_
pks/0f ;DaGwL sf/f]jf/x? ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
@*= OhfhtkqkfKt æ3Æ ju{sf n3' ljQ ljsf; j}+snfO{ $ b]lv !) lhNnf;Dd sfo{;+rfngsf] nflu Go"gtd
r'Qmf k'FhL ?= @ s/f]8 cfjZos kg]{ gLltut Joj:yf ePsf]df n3' ljQ ;DjGwL sf/f]jf/nfO{ kxf8L If]qdf
;d]t lj:tf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] ?=@ s/f]8 r'Qmf k'FhLdf ;+:yfkgf ePsf n3' ljQ ;DjGwL sf/f]jf/ ug]{ æ3Æ
ju{sf ;+:yfn] lgoldt !) lhNnfsf cltl/Qm sfo{If]q :jLs[lt ;DjGwL ljBdfg k|s[ofut Joj:yf ;d]tsf]
clwgdf /xL yk % j6f kxf8L lhNnf ;d]t u/L hDdf !% lhNnfdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
@(= k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx?nfO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf
$( / %) adf]lhd b]xfosf] zt{ tyf dfkb08sf] clwgdf /xL k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf (Refinancing Facilities)
pknJw u/fOg]] 5 . -;DjlGwt cg';"rLx? @!=!,@!=@, @!=#_ .
zt{ tyf dfkb08x? M
-!_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|fylds k'FhLsf] a9Ldf $) k|ltzt;Dd dfq k|bfg ul/g]
5.
-@_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|fKt ug{sf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] ljQLo l:ylt v'nfO{ o; a}+sn]
tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] c;n shf{sf] ;'/If0fdf k'g/shf{ lng] ePdf
ljut Ps jif{b]lv nuftf/ ?kdf c;n ju{df juL{s[t ePsf] shf{sf] e'QmfgL cjlw eGbf sd
cjlwsf] nflu cg';"rL @!=! adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f e/L pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df a9Ldf *) k|ltzt;Dd k|bfg ul/g] 5 . ;'/If0f:j?k lbOPsf]
lwtf] ;'/If0fdf o; a}+ssf] klxnf] bfjL (First Charge) /xg]5 .
-%_ o; a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf a9Ldf ^ dlxgfsf]
nflu aflif{s &=% k|ltzt Aofhb/df pknAw x'g] / k'g/shf{ afktsf] Aofhb/ shf{sf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL
ubf{sf] avt Psd'i6 ?kdf ;fFjf Aofh e'Qmfg ug'{ kg]{5 . tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq k'g/shf{sf] ;fjfF÷Aofh
e'StfgL gu/]df ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f] cjlwdf k|sflzt u/]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf]
clwstd Aofhb/ g} k]gfn Aofhb/ sfod ul/g]5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] C0fL a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g}
klg vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L /sd c;'npk/ ug]{5 .
-^_ k'g/shf{ dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] shf{df lnPsf] Aofhb/ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Aofhb/df clwstd
# k|ltzt;Dd dfq yk Aofh sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] k'FhL kof{Kttf cg'kft -Capital Adequacy Ratio_ sf]
cltl/Qm yk )=% k|ltzt cltl/Qm k'FhL kof{Kttf cg'kft sfod u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-*_ :jb]zL lgIf]k tyf k|fylds k'FhLdf s"n shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] c+z *) k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'g/shf{ pkof]u ubf{sf] ;dodf sfod /x]sf] shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft a9\g glbO{
b]xfo adf]lhdsf] shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
s| ;+ shf{ lgIf]k cg'kftsf] c+z k'g/shf{ e'QmfgL ubf{ sfod ug'{kg]{ shf{ lgIf]k cg'kft
!= *) b]lv *% k|ltzt ;Ddsf] xsdf k'g/shf{ pkof]u ubf{sf] ;dodf sfod /x]sf] cg'kftdf slDtdf @
k|ltzt ljGb'n] 36fpg'kg]{ jf *) k|ltztdf emfg'{ kg]{5 .
@= *% b]lv () k|ltzt ;Ddsf] xsdf k'g/shf{ pkof]u ubf{sf] ;dodf sfod /x]sf] cg'kftdf slDtdf #
k|ltzt ljGb'n] 36fpg'kg]{ jf *% k|ltztdf emfg'{ kg]{5 .
#= () k|ltzt eGbf dflysf] xsdf k'g/shf{ pkof]u ubf{sf] ;dodf sfod /x]sf] cg'kftdf slDtdf %
k|ltzt ljGb'n] 36fpg'kg]{ jf o; a}+saf6 hf/L kl/kqfg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
gf]6M :jb]zL lgIf]k tyf k|fylds k'FhLdf s"n shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] cg'kft g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] kl/kqn] u/]sf]
Joj:yf adf]lhd sfod u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-(_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ cfj]bg ug]{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfsf] shf{ ;fk6LdWo] l/on :6]6 If]qdf
k|jflxt shf{ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ;Ldfleq /x]sf] x'g' kg]5
{ .

227
 -!)_ o; a}+saf6 k|bfg x'g] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lgDg lnlvt k|of]hgsf nflu ;f]xL If]q jf k|of]hgsf] c;n
shf{ lwtf] /fv]/ dfq k|jfx ug'{' kg]{5 .
-s_ lgof{t If]q -v_ ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u
-u_ cf}iflw pTkfbg pBf]u -3_ s[lif If]q
-ª_ ko{6g pBf]u -r_ l;d]G6, kmnfd pBf]u
-5_ cGo pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u -h_ ljB't pTkfbg kl/of]hgf tyf ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg, s]jnsf/
o:tf] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lgDg lnlvt k|of]hgdf pkof]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-s_ k|of]hg gv'Ng] JolQmut shf{
-v_ 3/hUuf vl/b÷l/on :6]6÷Jofkfl/s dxn lgdf{0f (Commercial Complex) shf{
-u_ ;jf/L ;fwg shf{ (Hire purchase financing/Auto Loan)
-3_ z]o/ lwtf] shf{ (Margin type Lending)
-ª_ r'/f]6, lj+8L, l;uf/, ;'lt{, v}gL nufot ;'lt{hGo pBf]u / dlb/f tyf dlb/fhGo pBf]unfO{
shf{ .
-!!_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf]
lg0f{osf] k|ltlnkL lgj]bg;fy ;+nUg u/L o; a}+snfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-!@_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s / k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf ;DaGwdf
td;'s (Promissory Notes) df x:tfIf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!#_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfdf tf]lsPsf] e'QmfgL cjlw cl3 g} k"j{–e'QmfgL -Prepayment_ ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-!$_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n] lgIf]kdf lbg] / shf{df lng] Aofhb/sf aLrsf] km/s (spread) o;
a}+saf6 lgoldt cg'udg ul/g] 5 . ;fy}, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ubf{
lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] Aofh b/ aLrsf] cGt/ (Effective Interest Spread) nfO{ klg cfwf/sf] ?kdf
lnOg]5 .
#)= lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o; a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf] b/df
lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .
Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] lgof{t k|lttkq -Export L/C – Pre-shipment and Post-
shipment) sf cfwf/df lgof{td"ns Joj;fonfO{ g]kfnL d'b|fdf k|jfx u/]sf] shf{sf] nflu b]xfosf] zt{ tyf
dfkb08sf] cwLgdf /x]/ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf -Export Refinancing Facilities_ pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .
-;DjlGwt cg';"rLx? @!=$,@!=%, @!=^_ .
zt{ tyf dfkb08x? M
-!_ ef/tLo / kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf k|lttkq sf/f]af/df ;+nUg /x]sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt …sÚ ju{sf
jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] ut qodf;sf] cfˆgf] ljQLo l:ylt v'nfO{ o; a}+sn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg
lbO{ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu cfj]bg ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .
-@_ ut qodf;df o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k'FhL kof{Kttf cg'kft -CAR_ tyf k'FhL of]hgf cg';f/sf]
r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f gu/]sf a}+sx?nfO{ o; a}+sn] lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|af6 ;fv ;"rgf lnPsf]] x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfosf] :jLs[lt k|fKt tyf k|fyldstfdf k/]sf b]xfosf
j:t'x?sf] lgof{tsf] nflu lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ lgDg adf]lhd k|fyldstfqmd lgwf{/0f
ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ cn}+rL, cb'jf, lrof, skmL, Xof08Lqmfˆ6, h8La'6L, dx, h';, k'ik tyf k'ikhGo pTkfbg
nufotsf s[lifhGo pTkfbgx? .
-v_ g]kfnL xft] sfuh, rfFbLsf uxgf, sDKo'6/ ;ˆ6j]o/, h'6 .
-u_ 5fnfhGo j:t', klZdgf, un}+rf, ufd]{G6, sfk]{6, png sfk]{6 .
-3_ rfprfp, ;fgf 6«fG:kmd{/, cfO/g :6Ln, h:tfkftf tyf ss{6kftf .
-ª_ sfuh, KnfOp8, wfuf], kf]lni6/ ofg{, h'6, tf/ .
-r_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf cGo a:t'x? .

228
 Ohfhtkqk|fKt …sÚ ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] o; a}+s ;dIf lgof{t k'g/shf{ dfu ubf{ cfkm";+u lgof{t
sf/f]af/ u/]sf lgof{tstf{x?dWo]af6 k|fyldstf ;"rL tof/ u/L Export L/C/Export Documentary Bill
sf] cfwf/df shf{ dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu cfj]bg ug]{ a}+sx?af6 dfu ePsf] s'n /sd tyf lgof{t k'g/shf{sf]
nflu o; a}+sn] jflif{s ?kdf Joj:yf u/]sf] s'n ah]6 /sdn] vfDg] ePdf lgof{t k|lttkq÷lgof{t aLn
/sdsf] a9Ldf *) k|ltzt;Dd lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 . lgof{t k'g/shf{sf] ah]6
eGbf a9L dfu ePdf k|fyldstf ;"rLsf Export L/C/Export Documentary Bill nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL
k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg] 5 .
-^_ o; a}+saf6 k|bfg ul/g] lgof{t k'g/shf{sf] jflif{s Aofhb/ !=%) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . a}+sx?n]
of] ;'ljwf pkof]u u/L shf{ k|jfx ubf{ ;DalGwt lgof{tstf{ C0fLaf6 a9Ldf $=) k|ltzt;Dd dfq
Aofh lng' kg]{5 .
-&_ o; a}+saf6 k|bfg ul/g] lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lnPsf a}+sx?n] k'g/shf{ afktsf] ;fFjf, Aofh
Psd'i6 e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{ 5 . o:tf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Aofh e'QmfgL ug]{ Dofb Export L/C jfkt ljb]zaf6
e'QmfgL k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] rf/ sfo{lbgleq clgjfo{?kdf ;fFjf Aofh e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf e'QmfgL cjlw cl3 g} e'QmfgL -Pre-payment_ ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-(_ tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq k'g/shf{sf] ;fFjf÷Aofh e'StfgL gu/]df ;DalGwt a}+sn] ;f] cjlwdf k|sflzt
u/]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] clwstd Aofhb/ g} xh{gf Aofhb/ sfod ul/g]5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn]
C0fL a}+ssf] s'g} klg vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L afFsL /sd c;'npk/ ug]{5 .
-!)_ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] lwtf] ;'/If0f:j?k Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+sn] k|To]s k'g/shf{sf] nflu cfk"mn]
lgof{t shf{ k|jfx u/L k'g/shf{sf] nflu of]Uo egL k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] Export L/C/Export
Documentary Bill sf] ;DalGwt a}+saf6 k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / a}+sn] k'g/shf{sf] nflu o; a}+snfO{
n]lvlbPsf] td;'snfO{ lnOg]5 .
-!!_ ;xljQLos/0f cGtu{t k|jfx ePsf lgof{t shf{x?sf] xsdf cu'jf (Lead_ a}+s dfkm{t o;
lgb]{zgsf] clwgdf /xL lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf nflu cg'/f]w ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-!@_ cf=j=@)^^÷^& df lgof{t k'g/shf{sf] nflu ?= Ps cj{sf] ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . lgof{t
k'g/shf{sf] nflu dfu a9L ePsf] cj:yfdf xfnnfO{ k|lt C0fL tyf If]qut clwstd ;Ldf b]xfo
cg';f/ x'g] tyf k|fyldstfsf cfwf/df ;dfg'kflts ?kdf k'g/shf{sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . o; ;'ljwf
cGtu{t k|jfx ul/g] shf{sf] Go"gtd /sd ?= Ps nfv / ;f] /sdn] efu hfg] /sd a/fa/ x'g]5 .
If]q If]qut jh]6 ;Ldf k|lt C0fL clwstd ;Ldf
hDdf lgof{t k'g/shf{ /sd ?=! cj{
-s_ 7"nf tyf demf}nf pBf]u ?=#) s/f]8 ?=# s/f]8
-v_ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ?=#) s/f]8 ?= &% nfv
-u_ s[lifhGo pTkfbg ?=#) s/f]8 ?= &% nfv
-3_ cGo ?=!) s/f]8 ?= @% nfv
-!$_ of] Joj:yf cGtu{t Export L/C vf]Ng] kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yfn] cGo JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yfaf6
pTkflbt ;fdfg vl/b u/L lgof{t ug]{ ePdf ;f] ;fdfg pTkfbg ug]{ JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yfnfO{
klg lgof{tstf{ ;/x (Deemed Exporter) dflgg] 5 tyf pQm Deemed Exporter nfO{ lgof{t ul/g]
;fdfg pTkfbgsf] nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] nflu klg Export L/C vf]Ng]
kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yf / pTkfbs -Deemed Exporter_ aLr ePsf] låkIfLo ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df lgof{t
k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lbg ;lsg] 5 .
of] Joj:yf cGtu{t Deemed Exporter eO{ pTkfbg sfo{df ;+nUg ePsf JolQm÷kmd{÷
sDkgL÷;+:yfnfO{ k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] cfwf/df lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf dfu ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL
lgof{tsf] nflu Exporter sf] ?kdf ;+nUg kmd{÷sDkgL÷;+:yfnfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{sf] cfwf/df lgof{t
k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg] 5}g .
-!%_ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|fKt ul//x]sf a}+sx?n] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf lgof{t shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f d;fGt
;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy} o; a}+sn] ;do ;dodf dfu u/]sf]
cGo ljj/0f ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!^_ Cash Against Documents (CAD) sf] cfwf/df lgsf;L ug]{sf] xsdf o; a}+ssf] ljb]zL ljlgdo

229
 ljefusf] O=k|f= kl/kq ;+Vof $)# ldlt @)^#.!@.!! tyf ;f] ljifo;+u ;DalGwt ;do ;dodf hf/L
cGo lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] lgof{t sf/f]jf/ ug{ o; lgb]{zgn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-!&_ Ps k6s lnPsf] lgof{t k'g/shf{ dfly plNnlvt Joj:yf adf]lhd r'Qmf ul/;s]kl5 k'gM lgof{t
ug{sf] nflu lgof{t k'g/shf{ dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .
#!= vf/]hL / arfp
-!_ o; a}+saf6 o;cl3 hf/L ul/Psf b]xfosf lgb]{zgx? vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 M–
PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ljljw ;DaGwL Joj:yf O=k|f=lgb]{zg g+= @)÷)^^ af6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg
tyf ;f] kZrft ldlt @)^& cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd hf/L ePsf pko{'Qm ljifo;+u ;DjlGwt ;Dk"0f{
kl/kqx? .
-@_ pka'Fbf -!_ adf]lhd vf/]h ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL o;} lgb]{zg adf]lhd
eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
b|i6JoM PsLs[t lgb]{zg, @)^^ sf] ljljw Joj:yf ;DaGwL lgb]{zgdf o; cl3 ;dfj]z ePsf sfnf];"rL ;DaGwL
sf/jfxL / km's'jf ;DaGwL lgb]{zg÷kl/kq tyf cg';"rLx?, Tamil Rehabilitation Organization (TRO)
;DaGwL kl/kq tyf ;f] ;DaGwL cg';"rLx?, ;xsf/L / ljQLo dWo:ytf ug]{ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ hf/L
lgb]{zg Pj+ Psk6s dfq k|of]udf cfO{ k|efj ;dfKt x'g] vfnsf kl/kqx? o; lgb]{zgaf6 x6fO{ ;DalGwt
k"j{ kl/kq÷lgb]{zgx? -o; a}+ssf] Website: www.nrb.org.np sf] Archive df ;d]t pknAw ePsf]_ af6}
nfu" x'g] Joj:yf sfod ul/Psf] 5 .

230
 cg';"rL @!=!
c;n shf{ ljj/0f

qm=;+= C0fLsf] gfd shf{ shf{ k|jfx ldlt e'QmfgL shf{ /sd ;'/If0fsf]
lzif{s ldlt ljj/0f

dfly plNnlvt ljj/0fx? l7s ;fFrf] xf], ;j} shf{x? c;n shf{df juL{s[t 5g\, em'7f 7x/] sfg'g adf]lhd
;xF'nf a'emfpFnf . sy+sbflrt oL shf{x? lgis[o shf{df kl/0ft eP ;f] sf] hfgsf/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{
pknAw u/fO{ ;f] sf] ;§fdf csf]{ c;n shf{ ;'/If0fsf ?kdf pknAw u/fpg] k|lta4tf JoSt ub{5f}+ .

========= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
5fkM
ljefu÷sfof{no M

Olt ;Dat\ @) == ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

231
 cg';"rL @!=@
-k'g/shf{ td;'ssf] gd"gf_
lnlvtd wgLsf gfd sf=lh= sf=d=g=kf= j8f g+= !! yfkfynLl:yt g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, a}lsË sfof{no cfu] ;f] /sd C0f lng]
C0fLsf] gfd ========, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf]================ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 k'g/shf{ k|bfg ug{]
;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $( n] u/]sf] Joj:yf cGtu{t g]kfn /fi6« a}+s;Fu cfhsf ldltdf ?= ============
==========-cIf/]kL ================================================ ============== dfq_ shf{ lnPsf] l7s ;fFrf] xf] . pQm shf{ lnPsf] /sd
afkt C0fLn] cfˆgf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] u|fxs C0fLnfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ dWo] p7fpg afFsL ^ dlxgfeGbf a9L e'QmfgL cjlw
afFsL ePsf], efsf ggf3]sf] / ljut Ps jif{b]lv nuftf/ ?kdf c;n ju{df juL{s[t shf{ dWo] tkl;nsf kl/of]hgfsf] c;n
shf{ lwtf] ;'/If0f, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s tyf k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{
;DaGwdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf] td;'s / k|ld;/L gf]6 k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf /flv lbPsf 5f}+ . tkl;n
adf]lhdsf] lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] c;n shf{sf] ljj/0f tyf zt{x? / o; ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 hf/L ljBdfg
gLltut Joj:yf tyf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf] zt{÷dfkb08 kfngf ug]{5f}+ . zt{x? kfngf gu/]df pQm lwtf]
tyf C0fL a}+ssf] cGo rn–crn ;DklQ ;d]taf6 pQm /sd c;'n u/L lng' egL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns
;ldltsf] lg0f{o÷;xdlt ;d]t /x]sf]n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, a}+lsË sfof{no, yfkfynL, sf7df8f}+df a;L of] td;'s n]vL wgL
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf r9fof}+ .
tkl;n
s= lwtf]sf] ljj/0f
kl/of]hgfsf] gfd lwtf] ;'/If0fdf /flvPsf] c;n shf{sf] ljj/0f g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 k|fKt k'g/shf{

v= zt{x?M
1. a9Ldf ^ dlxgf cjlwsf nflu dfq of] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
2. k'g/shf{ afkt wgL a}+snfO{ jflif{s ;os8f &=% k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh;lxt Psd'i6 ?kdf ;fFjf Aofh a'emfpg'
kg]{5 .
3. k'g/shf{ dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt a}+sn] shf{df lnPsf] Aofhb/ o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Aofhb/df a9Ldf # k|ltzt;Dd yk
Aofh sfod ug{ ;Sg]5 .
4. lgwf{l/t ;doleq k'g/shf{ e'Stfg gu/]df e'Qmfg x'g afFsL /sddf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f] cjlwdf
k|sflzt u/]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] clwstd Aofhb/ g} k]gfn Aofhb/ x'g]5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] C0fL a}+s jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] s'g} klg vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L /sd c;'n pk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
5. k'g/shf{ pkef]u u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;fFjf÷Aofh e'StfgL Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] lbg
;f] /sd e'StfgL gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+sl:yt ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} vftf vr{ n]vL shf{ c;"npk/ ul/ lng /
;f] sf] vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . o;df kl5 s'g} ph'/L jf bflj ul/g] 5}g .
6. lwtf]sf] ?kdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{ lbO{Psf] td;'sdf pNn]lvt shf{sf] hf]lvdtf nufot ;a} lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt
a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfs} x'g]5 .
7. C0fL a}+sn] lwtf] :j?k /fv]sf] td;'sdf pNn]v ePsf] u|fxssf] rn–crn dfn a:t' / g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 shf{
lnO{ nufgL u/]sf] pBf]u tyf Joj;fo ;d]tsf] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] h'g;'s} avt lg/LIf0f ubf{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
8. g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf ljj/0f dfu]sf] avt tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq
C0fL a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
9. lwtf] ;'/If0fdf lnOPsf] ;'/If0fdf klxnf] bfjL (First Charge) g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] x'g]5 .
10. C0f k|of]u ;DaGwdf o;};fy ;+nUg gLltut zt{ tyf dfkb08x? kfngf ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . ;f]
adf]lhd gu/]df k|rlnt g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* tyf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# cg';f/ ;hfo
ePdf d~h'/L 5 .
11. zt{ / dfkb08df cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] kl/dfh{g jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] tk{maf6 =========a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 clVtof/k|fKt JolQm
b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
kb M 5fkM kb M 5fk M
ljefu÷sfof{no M ljefu÷sfof{no M
Olt ;Dat\ @) == ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

232
 cg';"rL @!=#

-k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ ;DalGwt a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] n]6/Kof8df_

k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu k|lt1fkq -Promissory Note_ sf] gd"gf

======================, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf] ======================= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%*
sf] bkmf $(= n] u/]sf] Joj:yf cGtu{t g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 cfhsf ldltdf ?= ============ ========== -cIf/]lk
================================================ ============== dfq_ k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] l7s ;fFrf] xf] . g]kfn /fi6« a}+s jf
;f] a}+sn] cfb]z u/]sf] kIfnfO{ dfu]sf] ;dodf =========== k|ltzt jf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Aofhb/n] x'g cfpg]
Aofh /sd / ;fjfF /sd ?= ============ ========== -cIf/]kL ================================================ ============== dfq_
ltg{ a'emfpg ======================= a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8 sj'n ub{5 / dfu u/]sf] avt glt/]df jf ga'emfPdf
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] h'g;'s} tl/sfn] c;'npk/ u/L lnPdf o; a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] dGh'/L 5 egL ;f] ;+:yfsf]
tkm{af6 clVtof/k|fKt d÷xfdL of] k|lt1fkqsf] lnvtdf b:tvt ub{5'÷5f}+ .

=========a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 clVtof/k|fKt JolQm

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
;+:yfsf] 5fk M
ljefu÷sfof{no M

Olt ;Dat\ @) == ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

233
 cg';"rL @!=$

ldltM @)^== . == . ==
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s,
a}]+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu÷a}ls+u sfof{no,
sf7df08f}+ .

ljifoM lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf .

dxf]bo,
To; ljefusf] k=;+= ldlt df hf/L kl/kqn] u/]sf] Joj:yf cg';f/sf] lgof{t
k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf o; a}+snfO{ cfjZos k/]sf] x'Fbf tkl;ndf pNn]v ul/P cg';f/sf] ljj/0f ;lxt k'g/sh{f kfpg of]
lgj]bg lbPsf] 5'÷5f}+ .
!= k'g/shf{ dfu ePsf] /sd M
@= ;'/If0f jfkt /flvg] lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ljj/0f M
lgof{t shf{sf] ljj/0f
Cl0fsf] gfd lgof{t shf{ shf{sf] :jLs[t shf{sf] aSof}tf shf{ jfkt s}lkmot
zLif{s ;Ldf /flvPsf]
;'/If0fsf] ljj/0f

-#_ shf{ r'Qmf ul/g] ldlt

pko'{Qm lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;fFjf / Aofh pNn]lvt ldltleq} e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . sy+sbflrt e'QmfgL
gePsf] v08df o; a}+ssf] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf /x]sf] h'[g;'s} vftf vr{ u/]/ c;'npk/ ug{ o;} kq;fy
:jLs[lt lbOPsf] 5 . ;fy}, lwtf] jfkt dfly pNn]lvt ;a} lgof{t ;DaGwL sfuhftx? g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn]
lgwf{/0f u/]sf] dfkb08 / k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'g cg';f/ g} ePsf] Joxf]/f klg k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] 5 . o;df
s'g} km/s ePsf] kfOPdf o; a}+sn] g} ;f] sf] lhDd]jf/L lng] Joxf]/f klg cg'/f]w 5 .

k|df0f sfuhftsf] gTyLM ===================== a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefu÷sfof{no M

234
 cg';"rL @!=%

ldltM @)^== . == . ==
>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo",
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s,
a}]+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg ljefu,
sf7df08f}+ .

ljifoM lgof{t shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f .

dxf]bo,
To; ljefusf] k=;+= =============== ================== ldlt =============== =================df hf/L kl/kqn] u/]sf]
Joj:yf cg';f/sf] lgof{t shf{sf] dfl;s ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
lgof{t shf{sf] ljj/0f
qm=;+= C0fLsf] gfd lgof{t shf{ shf{sf] shf{ shf{ efsf shf{sf] shf{ jfkt s}lkmot
zLif{s :jLs[t k|jfx gf3\g] ldlt aSof}tf /flvPsf]
;Ldf ldlt ;'/If0fsf]
ljj/0f

===================== a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6

b:tvt M
gfd M
kb M
5fk M
ljefu÷sfof{no M

235
 cg';"rL @!=^
-lgof{t k'g/shf{ td;'ssf] gd"gf_
lnlvtd wgLsf gfd sf=lh= sf=d=g=kf= j8f g+= !! yfkfynLl:yt g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, a}lsË sfof{no cfu] ;f] /sd C0f lng]
C0fLsf] gfd ========, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf]================ a}+s lnld6]8n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 lgof{t k'g/shf{ k|bfg ug{]
;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $( n] u/]sf] Joj:yf cGtu{t g]kfn /fi6« a}+s;Fu cfhsf ldltdf ?= ============
==========-cIf/]kL ================================================ ============== dfq_ shf{ lnPsf] l7s ;fFrf] xf] . pQm shf{ lnPsf] /sd
afkt C0fLn] cfˆgf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] lgof{tstf{ u|fxs C0fLnfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{dWo] p7fpg afFsL ePsf], efsf ggf3]sf],
c;n ju{df juL{s[t k"0f{ ;'/lIft shf{x?sf] Export Letter of Credit/Export Documentary Bill sf] o; a}+saf6 k|dfl0ft
k|ltlnlk / a}+sn] k'g/shf{sf] nflu o; a}+snfO{ n]lvlbPsf] td;'snfO{ lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] nflu lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf
/flvlbPsf 5f}+ . tkl;n adf]lhdsf] lwtf] ljj/0f tyf zt{x? / o; ;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 hf/L ljBdfg gLltut
Joj:yf tyf g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf] zt{÷dfkb08 kfngf ug]{5f}+ . zt{x? kfngf gu/]df pQm lwtf] tyf C0fL
a}+ssf] cGo rn–crn ;DklQ ;d]taf6 pQm /sd c;'n u/L lng' egL a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o÷;xdlt ;d]t
/x]sf]n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, a}+lsË sfof{no, yfkfynL, sf7df8f}+df a;L of] td;'s n]vL wgL g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf r9fof}+ .
tkl;n
s= lwtf]sf] ljj/0f

lgof{t shf{sf] ljj/0f lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] ljj/0f g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 k|fKt lgof{t k'g/shf{
=
v= zt{x?M
!= lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf cGtu{tsf] shf{sf] ;fFjf Aofh e'QmfgL ug]{ Dofb Export Letter of Credit jfkt ljb]zaf6
e'QmfgL k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] rf/ sfo{lbgleqdf clgjfo{?kdf ug'{kg]{5 . k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf e'QmfgL cjlw cl3 g} k"j{–
e'QmfgL -Pre-payment_ ;d]t ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
@= lgof{t k'g/shf{ afkt wgL a}+snfO{ jflif{s ;os8f !=% k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh;lxt Psd'i6 ?kdf ;fFjf Aofh
a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
#= a}+sx?n] of] ;'ljwf pkof]u u/L shf{ k|jfx ubf{ ;DalGwt lgof{tstf{ C0fLaf6 a9Ldf $=) k|ltzt;Dd dfq Aofh lng'kg]{
5.
$= lgwf{l/t ;doleq lgof{t k'g/shf{ e'Stfg gu/]df e'Qmfg x'g afFsL /sddf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;f]
cjlwdf k|sfl;t u/]sf] shf{ tyf ;fk6sf] clwstd Aofhb/ g} k]gfn Aofhb/ x'g]5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] C0fL a}+s
jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} klg vftf vr{ -Debit_ u/L /sd c;'npk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%= lwtf]sf] ?kdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{ lbO{Psf] td;'sdf pNn]lvt shf{sf] hf]lvd nufot ;a} lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt
a}+ssf] g} x'g]5 .
^= C0fL a}+sn] lwtf] :j?k /fv]sf] td;'sdf pNn]v ePsf] u|fxssf] rn–crn dfn a:t' / g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 shf{ lnO{
nufgL u/]sf] pBf]u tyf Joj;fo ;d]tsf] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] h'g;'s} avt lg/LIf0f ubf{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
&= lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf lng] a}+sx?n] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf lgof{t shf{sf] x/]s ;Ktfx cGTosf] cyf{t\ z'qmjf/;Ddsf]
;fKtflxs ljj/0f o; a}+sdf k]z ug'{kg]{5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] lgof{t k'g/shf{ ;'ljwfsf] ;DaGwdf ;do
;dodf cGo ljj/0f dfu]sf] avt tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq C0fL a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
*= lgof{t k'g/shf{ pkef]u u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ;fFjf÷Aofh e'StfgL Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] lbg ;f] /sd e'StfgL
gu/]df g]kfn /fi6« a}+sl:yt ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} vftf vr{ n]vL shf{ c;"npk/ ul/ lng / ;f] sf] vr{ -Debit_
ug]{ clVtof/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . o;df kl5 s'g} ph'/L jf bflj ul/g] 5}g .
(= lwtf] ;'/If0fdf lnOPsf] ;'/If0fdf klxnf] bfjL (First Charge) g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] x'g]5 .
!)= C0f k|of]u ;DaGwdf o;};fy ;+nUg gLltut zt{ tyf dfkb08x? kfngf ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] adf]lhd
gu/]df k|rlnt g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* tyf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g @)^# cg';f/ ;hfo ePdf d~h'/L
5.
!!= zt{ / dfkb08df cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] kl/dfh{g jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] tk{maf6 a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 clVtof/k|fKt JolQm

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfd M
kb M kb M
5fk M 5fk M
ljefu÷sfof{no M ljefu÷sfof{no M
Olt ;Dat\ @)^== ;fn ============ dlxgf =======ut] /f]h ======= z'ed\

236
 cg';"rL @!=&

LONG FORM AUDIT REPORT

Of
………………….…………………. LIMITED

For the year ended ….. Ashad 206…

(Corresponding to …..July 200…)

Auditor:
…………………………………
M/s …………………………………
……………………….

237
1. AUDIT APPROACH
1.1 Brief description of the Audit plan with focus on the following areas, at minimum:
• Declaration of Independence of Audit Firm and Members
• Standards followed
• Composition of the audit team
• Audit schedule
1.2 Brief description of the Audit process and procedures
• Audit areas' Risk Assessment
• Audit procedures adapted to mitigate identified Audit Risks
• Quality control mechanism
1.3 Brief description of the Sampling Procedure and sample size
• Sampling methodology
• Sample size
• Use of system based approaches
1.4 Remarks on the execution of audit plan
• Execution of audit and the audit plan
• Problems encountered during the audit, if any
• Limitations of scope of Audit, if any.
2. RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Opinion on the following:
2.1 Credit Risk Management Systems
2.1.1 Brief description and comment on the adequacy of credit appraisal systems,
2.1.2 Brief description and comment on the adequacy of credit monitoring systems,
2.1.3 Brief description and comment on the adequacy of the credit recovery systems,
2.1.4 Adequacy of Policies and procedure for Write off of Loans,
2.1.5 Adequacy of Policies, guidelines and Controls over Off Balance Sheet Items.
2.1.6 Comment on the concentrations in the credit and investment portfolio,
2.1.7 Risk Management Committees and their effectiveness,
2.1.8 Overall audit opinion on Credit risk management.
2.2 Market Risk (Interest Rate, Liquidity and Foreign Exchange) Management Systems
2.2.1 Adequacy of policies, procedures and guidelines for the market risk management.
2.2.2 Adequacy of the system for measuring, monitoring and mitigation of Market risk.
2.2.3 Risk Management Committees and their effectiveness
2.2.4 Overall audit opinion on Market & liquidity risk management.
2.3 Operational Risk Management System
2.3.1 Adequacy of policies, procedures and guidelines for the Operational risk management.
2.3.2 Adequacy of the system for measuring, monitoring and mitigation of Operational Risk.
2.3.3 Risk Management Committees and their effectiveness
2.3.4 Overall audit opinion on Operational risk management.
3. INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
Opinion on the following areas:
3.1 Effectiveness of the Audit committee
3.2 Effectiveness of the Internal Audit Function
3.3 Rectification of the deficiencies identified in the previous internal and external audit reports
3.4 Adequacy of the controls in Credit operations
3.5 Adequacy of the controls in Treasury operations
3.6 Adequacy of the controls in Branch operations
3.7 Adequacy of control over Nostro Bank Operations
3.8 Adequacy of the controls in procedures related to expenditure
3.9 Adequacy of the control over fixed assets.
3.10 Adequacy of the Management Information System (MIS)
3.11 Adequacy of controls over e-banking and Card Operations
3.12 Adequacy of controls in Information Technology and related support functions.
3.13 Effectiveness of the Inter-branch and agency Reconciliation function
3.14 Adequacy of controls to prevent and/or minimize Fraud and forgeries

238
 3.15 Instances of Fraud and Forgery in the review period
3.16 Other Control Issues, if any
3.17 Auditors overall assessment of the internal control system
4. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE RULES AND REGULATIONS
Prevailing Statute, Act, Directive and Regulation, at minimum, in the following areas
4.1 Nepal Rastra Bank Act 2058
State whether the conditions as stipulated in Section 86 of Nepal Rastra Bank Act 2058
prevails, if yes please specify.
4.2 Bank and Financial Institution Act 2063
4.2.1 Whether fees and benefits of Chairman and board members are as specified in AOA/MOA
4.2.2 Appointment, qualification and benefits of the chief executive
4.2.3 Profit Appropriation to General Reserve
4.2.4 Appropriation to Exchange Fluctuation Reserve
4.2.5 Distribution of Dividend
4.2.6 Whether the activities are within the scope as defined by BAFIA?
4.2.7 Whether prohibited activities are being pursued?
4.2.8 Control & notification of dormant deposit accounts and unclaimed dividend
4.3 Foreign Exchange Rules and Regulations
4.3.1 Whether payments of goods imported and invisible import are made as per circulars.
4.3.2 Whether deposit accounts of foreign currency are opened and operated as per circulars.
4.3.3 Whether card transactions are done as per circulars.
4.3.4 Whether foreign exchange transactions are properly recorded and reported in a timely manner.
4.3.5 Whether investment in foreign currency are made as per standard approved by the Board of
Directors.
4.3.6 Whether payments of exports are received and reported timely as per circulars.
4.3.7 Whether transactions of Indian currency are made as per circulars.
4.4 Capital fund (Directive No. 1)
4.4.1 Computation of Core Capital, Supplementary Capital and Capital Fund
4.4.2 Computation of Risk Weighted Assets
4.4.3 Comment on the Capital Plan
4.4.4 Overall opinion on capital adequacy
4.5 Loan Classification and Loan Loss Provisioning (Directive No.2)
4.5.1 Comment on the Assets Quality and Classification
4.5.2 Adequacy of Loan Loss Provisions
4.5.3 Whether the rescheduling/restructuring comply with the provisions of the directive
4.5.4 Loan Loss Provisions in case of restructuring and rescheduling of loans
4.5.5 Loan Classification and loan loss provision in respect of force loans
4.5.6 Loan Classification and loan loss provision in respect of loan against personal/corporate
guarantees
4.5.7 Whether the adjustment and Write back of loan loss provision comply with the provisions of the
directive
4.5.8 Overall opinion on Loan classification & provisioning
4.6 Single Obligor Limit (Directive No.3)
4.6.1 Bank's procedures to identify a group of borrowers
4.6.2 Comment on the Facilities in excess of Single Obligor Limits, if any
4.6.3 Loan Loss Provision in case of borrowers availing facilities in excess of the SOL
4.6.4 Review and ratification mechanisms for excessive exposures in respect of sectoral credit.
4.7 Presentation and Disclosure in the Financial Statement (Directive No.4)
4.7.1 Comment on the Consistency of the Accounting Policies and financial reporting framework.
4.7.2 Recognition of interest income from loans and advances
4.7.3 Reconciliation of Interest Receivable and Interest Suspense
4.7.4 Recognition of other interest, fees and commission and expenses.
4.7.5 Publication of annual accounts and periodical highlights
4.7.6 Non-compliance/deviations in accounting policies followed as compared to prescribed
accounting policies by NRB/Nepal Accounting Standard

239
4.8 Risk Minimization (Directive No 5)
4.8.1 Mechanisms to minimize liquidity risk
4.8.2 Use of GAP Analysis and other mechanisms to measure and manage interest rate risk
4.8.3 Mechanisms to minimize foreign exchange risk
4.9 Corporate Governance (Directive No.6)
4.9.1 Formulation and implementation of required plans, policies and guidelines
4.9.2 Code of conduct of Directors, Chief Executive and Employees
4.9.3 Cases of conflict of interest of Directors, Chief Executive and Employees
4.9.4 Mechanism to identify related parties promoters, directors or senior management.
4.9.5 Lending to directors, chief executive, employees (except as per employee rules) and their
related parties, if any
4.10 Implementation of Supervisory Findings (Directive No.7)
Auditor's finding on the status of compliance of directions given by NRB based on its onsite
and offsite supervision.
4.11 Investments in Shares and Debentures (Directive No.8)
4.11.1 Investments in unlisted companies
4.11.2 Investment in companies with financial interest
4.11.3 Investment in shares of other bank/FIs
4.11.4 Investments arising out of Underwriting Commitments
4.11.5 Investment in shares and debentures exceeding the limits
4.11.6 Review of the investment portfolio
4.11.7 Adequacy of Provisioning requirements
4.12 Reporting Requirements (directive No.9)
Comment upon the reliability of mechanism used for NRB reporting and the accuracy of such
returns
4.13 Sale or Transfer of Promoters Share (Directive No. 10)
4.13.1 Sale or transfer against the statutory requirements
4.13.2 Sale or pledge of promoter shares, during the lock-in period
4.13.3 Where the promoter of the Bank is an entity, unauthorized transfer of ownership of such entity
4.14 Consortium Financing (Directive No.11)
4.14.1 Formation and dissolution of consortium
4.14.2 Fulfillment of the specified duties of lead bank/member bank, where applicable.
4.14.3 Frequency of consortium meetings where it is lead bank/FI
4.14.4 Adherence to the spirits of consortium
4.15 Credit Information and Blacklisting (Directive No.12)
4.15.1 Periodic Submission of information to CIC
4.15.2 Mechanism to obtain required information from borrowers
4.15.3 Credit Information at the time of sanction/renewal/restructuring/rescheduling of facilities
4.15.4 Recommending defaulted borrower to the CIC for blacklisting
4.15.5 Lending to individual/firm/company included in the blacklist
4.16 Cash Reserve Requirement (Directive No. 13)
Comment on any exceptions on the maintenance of CRR as stipulated by the directive
4.17 Branch/Office Operation (Directive No. 14)
4.17.1 Unauthorized branches/offices/extension counters/remittance counters
4.17.2 Unauthorized transactions
4.18 Interest Rates (directive No. 15)
4.18.1 Interest rate determination procedures
4.18.2 Publication of interest rates
4.19 Mobilization of Financial Resources (Directive No. 16)
4.19.1 Concentration of deposits
4.19.2 Resource mobilization beyond the limit
4.19.3 Issuance of debenture and other debt instruments
4.20 Deprived Sector Lending (Directive No.17)
4.20.1 Comment on the exceptions observed in the deprived sector lending
4.20.2 Whether the loans classified as deprived sector lending meet the stipulated pre-requisite
conditions
4.20.3 Monitoring mechanism for utilization of deprived sector lending on a half yearly basis

240
 4.21 Compliance with internal rules, regulations and guidelines
Comment on the overall state of compliance with the internal rules, regulations and guidelines.
5. OTHERS
5.1 Whether guarantees and all other contingent liabilities are properly recorded and disclosed
5.2 Whether banks have entered into any contracts with related parties including the promoters,
directors, shareholders holding more than 1% and their undivided family
5.3 KYC norms formulated and followed by the banks
5.4 Compliance of pre-requisite conditions for Purchase of fixed assets
5.5 Any comments or issues, which the auditor feels appropriate to be communicated to the
supervisor and is not covered by the above.
6. CONCLUSION
6.1 Type of Audit opinion expressed in the final audit Report
6.1.1 Unqualified
6.1.2 Qualified
6.1.3 Disclaimer
6.1.4 Adverse
6.2 Main reason for the qualified, disclaimer or adverse opinion on the financial statement
produced, where applicable.
6.3 Areas of operation where it is exposed to excessive risk
6.4 The risk areas where bank/FI has not been able to properly address these risks
6.4 Comment on the Major Problems faced by the Bank/FI
6.5 Overall opinion of the auditor on the operation and financial standing of the bank/FI

241
 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxL ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)^$

g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !!) sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -0f_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L g]kfn /fi6«
a}+ssf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] b]xfosf ljlgodx? agfPsf] 5 .
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ oL ljlgodx?sf] gfd Æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zL3| ;'wf/fTds
sf/jfxL ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)^$Æ /x]sf] 5 . -@_ of] ljlgodfjnL @)^% sflt{s ! ut]b]lv nfu" x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgodfjnLdf,—
-s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ æ/fi6« a}+sÆ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf # adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !$ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] a}+ssf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ æueg{/Æ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !% adf]lhd lgo'Qm a}+ssf] ueg{/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] P]gsf] bkmf
@& adf]lhd sfod d'sfod d's// ePsf] ueg{/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-ª_ æ8]k'6L ueg{/Æ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !^ adf]lhd lgo'Qm a}+ssf] 8]k'6L ueg{/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ ægLlt lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ;ldltÆ eGgfn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/La]If0f ljlgodfjnL
@)%( sf] lgod #$ jdf]lhd ;DJflGwt 8]k'6L ueg{/sf] ;++of]hsTjdf ul7t ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-5_ æ;'kl/a]If0f ljefuÆ eGgfn] /fi6« a}+ssf] a}+s ;'kl/a]If0f ljefu tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;'kl/a]If0f ljefu
;Demg' k5{ .
-h_ æa}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] /fi6« a}+saf6 Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-em_ æsfo{sf/L k|d'vÆ eGgfn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|zf;sLo k|d'vsf] ?kdf sfdsfh ug{ lgo'Qm
JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ æk'FhLsf]ifÆ eGgfn] /fi6« a}+saf6 tf]lsPsf] k|fylds k'FhLsf]if jf s'n k'FhLsf]if nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
#= k'FhLsf]if ;DaGwL lgb]{zgx?sf] kfngf gePdf x'g] ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx?M Ohfhtkqk|fKt æsÆ,ævÆ / æuÆ
ju{sf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if sfod ug{ g;s]df b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? tTsfn ug'{ kg]{5M–
-s_ Ohfhtk|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]if, g]kfn /fi6« a}+såf/f tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf b'O{
k|ltzt;Ddsf] laGb'n] sd ePdf –
-c_ ;'wf/ sfo{qmdx? ;DaGwdf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] pRr Joj:yfkg;Fu 5nkmn u/L
5nkmnsf ljifo a:t'nfO{ clen]vsf] ?kdf /fVg] .
-cf_ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL a[l4 -l/–Soflk6nfO{h]zg_ ug{ k'FhL of]hgf dfu ug]{ .
-O_ nfef+z tyf af]g; z]o/ 3f]if0ff ug{ /f]s nufpg] .
-O{_ gofF zfvf vf]Ng /f]s nufpg] .
-p_ lgIf]k kl/rfngsf] ;Ldf sfod ug]{ .
-v_ Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]if, g]kfn /fi6« a}+såf/f tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kft eGbf b'O{b]lv
rf/ k|ltzt;Ddsf] laGb'n] sd ePdf
-c_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ shf{ sf/f]jf/sf] ;Ldf sfod ug]{ .
-O_ vl/b jf lnh k|s[of dfkm{t yk :yL/ ;DklQ k|fKt ug'{ k"j{ /fi6« a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ .
-O{_ lgIf]k kl/rfng / shf{ tyf ;'ljwf k|jfx;Fu ;DalGwt gofF Jofa;flos s[ofsnfk
-ljhg]; nfO{g_ ;+rfng ug'{k"j{ /fi6« a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ .
-u_ Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]if, g]kfn /fi6« a}+såf/f tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf rf/b]lv
5 k|ltzt;Ddsf] laGb'n] sd ePdf
-c_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ yk lgIf]k vftf vf]Ng k|ltaGw nufpg] .
-O_ shf{ k|jfxdf k|ltaGw nufpg] .
-O{_ vl/b jf lnh k|s[of dfkm{t yk :yL/ ;DklQ k|fKt ug{ k|ltaGw nufpg] .

242
 -p_ /fi6« a}+ssf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lagf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfns tyf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg
eQf, ;+:yf 5f]8\bf lbg] cGo ;'ljwf a[l4, Joj:yfkg z'Ns jf Joj:yfkgsf] thljhn] lbg
;Sg] cGo Ifltk"lt{ cflb k|bfg ug{ /f]s nufpg] .
-3_ Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]if, g]kfn /fi6« a}+såf/f tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf 5b]lv
cf7 k|ltzt;Ddsf] laGb'n] sd ePdf
-c_ v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ tna eQf tyf cGo cfly{s ;'ljwf a[l4, gofF sd{rf/L egf{ tyf a9'jf ug{df /f]s
nufpg] .
-O_ k'FhL kof{Kttf ;DaGwL sf/jfxL k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgfleqdf tf]s]sf dfkb08
cg';f/sf] k'FhLsf]if sfod gePdf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfnsx? tyf sfo{sf/L k|d'vnfO{
P]gsf] bkmf !)) sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-ª_ Ohfht k|fKt ;+:yfsf] k'FhLsf]if, g]kfn /fi6« a}+såf/f tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd k'FhLsf]if cg'kfteGbf cf7
k|ltzt jf a9L laGb'n] sd ePdf –
-c_ v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
-cf_ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff u/L P]gsf] bkmf *^ cg'?ksf] sf/jfxL k|f/De
ug]{ .
-O_ ;d:ofu|:t 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 dlxgf;Dddf klg k'FhLsf]if kof{Kt gePdf a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{ jf vf/]hLsf] k|lqmof z'? ug]{ .
-O{_ P]g /÷jf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# cg'?ksf cGo cfjZos sf/jfxLx? ug]{ .
$= sf/jfxLdf 5'6 x'g] cj:yfM ljlgod # cg';f/sf] ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? æsÆ,ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?df ;dfg ?kdf nfu" x'g]5 . t/ ljlgod # sf] v08 -3_ sf] pkv08 -cf_ afx]ssf
;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx?df b]xfosf cj:yfx?df 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5M–
-s_ nlIft ?kdf zfvf sfof{nox? :yfkgf ug'{kg]{ u|fdL0f O{nfsfx?df / k|lt:kwf{Tds ?kdf a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yf gePsf :yfgdf zfvf la:tf/ ug{ .
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cGt/f{li6«o bft[ lgsfox?sf] ;xof]u lnO{ /fi6« a}+s dfkm{t k'g/;+/rgfsf] k|s[of nfu"
u/]sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] xsdf .
-u_ a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg / ;+rfngnfO{ /fi6« a}+sn] k|ToIf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ;'wf/fTds
sf/jfxL ;+rfng u/L /x]sf] cj:yfdf .
%= ;'g'jfO{sf] cj;/M ljlgod # cGtu{t sf] sf/jfxL ubf{ ;DaGwLt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;'g'jfO{sf]
cj;/ lbO{g] 5 .
^= sf/jfxL ug]{ clVtof/LM -!_ ljlgod # sf] v08 -s_ b]lv -3_ ;Ddsf zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? ;DkGg
ug]{ clVtof/L ueg{/nfO{ x'g]5 . ueg{/n] o; clVtof/L adf]lhd zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLx? ;DkGg ubf{
gLlt lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df sf/jfxLsf] cfjZos lg0f{o ug]{5g\ .
&= k|Tofof]lht clVtof/Lsf] k|of]uM o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd k|Tofof]lht clVtof/Lsf] k|of]u u/L sfo{ ubf{
;DalGwt kbflwsf/Ln] k|rlnt P]g, gLlt, lgod tyf /fi6« a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf lgb]{zgx?sf] cwLgdf /xL ug'{
kg]{5 .
*= sfd sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{M ljlgod % adf]lhdsf sfd sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f q}dfl;s ?kdf ;ldltsf]
hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
(= ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof tyf ;+zf]wgM
-!_ o; ljlgodfjnLsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf s'g} låljwf pTkGg ePdf ;f]sf] JofVof ;ldltn] ug]{5 /
;ldltn] u/]sf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 .
-@_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf s'g} ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df ;ldltn] ;+zf]wg ug]{5 .
!)= afwf c8\rg k'ms'jfM o; ljlgodfjnLsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf s'g} afwf c8\rg cfPdf ;f] afwf c8\rg
k'msfpg] clwsf/ ueg{/nfO{ x'g]5 .
!!= aflemPdf lgis[o x'g]M o; ljlgodfjnLsf Joj:yfx? g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%*, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf
;DaGwL P]g, @)^# / ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx?;Fu aflemPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd :jtM lgis[o x'g]5 .
!@= arfpM o; ljlgodfjnL nfu" x'g'k"j{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'wf/fTds sf/jfxLsf] ;Gbe{df eP u/]sf
sfd sf/jfxL o;} ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .

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