A PROJECT REPORT

ON
FIXED ASSETS MANAGEMENT OF THE INDIA CEMENT LTD

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 CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION:

Settled Assets are the advantages held with the goal of being utilized on persistent reason to
produce or giving merchandise or benefits and are not held for resale in the typical course of
business.

E.g.: Land and Buildings, Plant and Machinery, Motor Vehicles, Furniture and Fixtures.

Valuation of settled resources is critical to have reasonable proportion of benefit or misfortune and
monetary position of the worry. Settled resources are intended for use for a long time. The
estimation of these advantages diminishes with their utilization or with time or numerous different
reasons. A segment of settled resources are diminished by use are changed over into money
through charging devaluation. For right estimation of pay, legitimate estimation of devaluation is
basic, as deterioration comprises a Part of aggregate expense of creation. Monetary exchanges are
recorded in the books, keeping in view the going concern part of the specialty unit. In going
concern perspective it is accepted that the specialty unit has sensible desire for proceeding with the
business for a benefit for an uncertain timeframe. This suspicion gives a great part of the avocation
to recording settled resources at unique expense and devaluing them in an efficient way without
reference to their current feasible esteem. It is pointless to record the settled resources in a critical
position sheet at their assessed feasible qualities if there is no prompt desire for offering them. In
this way, they are appeared at their book esteem (i.e., Cost – Depreciation) and not at current
feasible esteem. The market estimation of the settled resources may change with the progression of
time, yet to account reason it keeps on being appeared in the books in authentic expense. The cost
idea of bookkeeping states that deterioration computed based on chronicled cost of old resources is
normally lower than the sum ascertained at current esteem/substitution esteem. These outcomes in
more benefits, which whenever appropriated in full will prompt decrease in capital.

BOOKKEEPING STANDARD FOR FIXED ASSETS (AS-10):

AS-10 on Accounting for Fixed Assets has been made obligatory with impact from 01.04.1991. As
indicated by the AS-10, "Settled Asset is a benefit held with the goal of being utilized on consistent
reason to produce or giving merchandise or benefits and isn't held for resale in the typical strategy".
Net book estimation of settled resource is its recorded expense or other sum substituted for
authentic expenses in the books of records or budgetary explanations. At the point when the
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measure of devaluation is deducted from gross book esteem then it is Net Book Value. Cost of
Fixed Assets should comprise of price tag including import obligations and so on., and inferable
expense of conveying the resource for its working condition for its planned utilize. Financing costs
identifying with obtained subsidizes owing to development or securing of repaired resources for
the period to the procurement or finish. Use caused in start-up and authorizing of the undertaking
including trials.

Revaluation of benefits: Fixed resources might be rehashed in the incentive with the assistance of
examination under taken by the skillful qualities. Such valuation of benefits is called revaluation.

SETTLED ASSETS MANAGEMENT CYCLE

The settled resources administration cycle is the cycle of exercises from the securing of the
advantage for the last demeanor of the benefits toward the finish of their valuable life. The cycle
has 7 stages:

Securing: The cycle starts with the obtaining, buy, blessing or something else, of a benefit and the
assurance that the advantage is to be promoted. To be promoted the benefit needs to meet the
organization's capitalization constrain and have a valuable existence of one year or more.

Getting: The benefit is formally gotten and acknowledged by the office. Receipt might be checked
by passage into a robotized obtaining framework or by printed copy report. On account of gave
settled resources, receipt can be confirmed by a letter to the giver.

Installment: Payment is made for the advantage as indicated by the terms of the buy request or
acknowledgment of acknowledgment of a blessing to the giver. The installment incorporates the
securing cost, cargo and every single other expense to put the benefit. Obtaining cost of gave
settled resources is dictated by its honest esteem.

Recognizable proof: The advantage is distinguished as a benefit, labeled or generally distinguished

and went into the settled resources administration stock framework. Resources are related to a for
all time appended ID tag, carving or by painting on the recognizable proof number.

Stock: The longest advance in the cycle. The benefit is utilized over its helpful life. Resources are
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stocked and represented amid this progression until the point that they are never again required.
The organization's approaches and systems decide the stock interim.

Overabundance: the advantage is announced as abundance to the client's needs. The advantage
might be exchanged to another client where it will keep on being utilized, represented and stocked.
Resources might be proclaimed as overabundance more than once until the point when the benefit
is never again required.

Overflow: The last advance in the settled resources administration cycle. The benefit is pronounced
to be surplus property and to have no further an incentive to the office. The advantage is discarded
by deal

or then again disposing of relying upon the lingering esteem. Deal can be by closeout, fixed offer,
spot deal,

or on the other hand through a business store.

FIXED ASSETS MANAGEMENT CYCLE

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NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY:

As settled resources assume an imperative job in organization's targets. These settled are not
convertible or not fluid capable over some stretch of time. The proprietor's assets and long
haul liabilities are put resources into settled resources. Since, settled resources assume
prevailing job in the business and the firm has usage of settled resources. In this way,
proportion contributes in breaking down and assessing the execution of the business. On the
off chance that organizations settled resources are inert and not used legitimately it influences
the long haul supportability of the firm, which may influence liquidity and dissolvability and
productivity places of the organization. The inert of settled resources prompts a huge
misfortune in money related expense and immaterial cost partner of it. In this way, this will
prompt assessment of settled resources execution. Contrasting and comparative organization
and examination with industry models. Settled resources are the benefits which can't be
exchanged into money inside one year. The gigantic measures of assets of the organization
are put resources into these benefits. Consistently organization puts an extra store in these
advantages specifically or in a roundabout way. The survival and different goals of the
organization rely upon working execution of administration i.e. successful usage of these
benefits. Firm has assessed the execution, of settled resources with extent of capital utilized
on net resources turnover and different parameters which are useful for assessing the
execution of settled resources. The present investigation is centered around the settled
resources administration of THE INDIA CEMENT LIMITED.

TARGETS OF THE STUDY

Coming up next are the goals of the examination

1. The examination is directed to know the measure of capital use made by the
organization THE INDIA CEMENT LTD amid study period 2013-14 to 2016-17.

2. The examination is led to assess settled resources execution of THE INDIA

CEMENT LTD.

3. The examination is directed to assess the settled resources turnover of THE INDIA
CEMENT LTD.

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4. The examination is directed to assess deterioration and technique for devaluation
embraced by THE INDIA CEMENT LTD.

5. The investigation is led to know the measure of back made by long haul liabilities
and proprietors assets towards settled resources.

6. The investigation is led to assess whether settled resources are giving satisfactory
comes back to the organization

7. Study is led to assess that whenever settled resources are sold, what extent of it will
contribute for the installment of proprietors finance and long haul liabilities.

EXTENT OF THE STUDY:

The task is secured on settled resources of THE INDIA CEMENT LTD. Drawn from yearly
reports of the organization. The topic is restricted to settled resources, its investigation and its
execution however not to some other zones of bookkeeping corporate, advertising and
budgetary issues.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The information utilized for the investigation and understanding is from yearly reports of the
organization i.e., optional types of information. Proportion investigation is utilized for
computation reason. The task is exhibited utilizing tables, charts and with their
understandings. No overview is embraced or perception examine is led by assessing settled
resources execution of the organization.

WELLSPRINGS OF DATA:

The information required for this venture is gathered from the accompanying sources:

1. The information is received simply from optional sources.

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2. The hypothetical substance are assembled simply from prominent reading material and
references.

3. The budgetary information and data is accumulated from yearly reports of the
organization.

TIME OF STUDY:

Made an investigation for the time of 5 years .2013-14 to 2017-17

IMPEDIMENTS:

Coming up next are the impediments for the examination

1. The examination is restricted into the date and data given by THE INDIA CEMENT
LTD and its yearly reports.

2. The report may not give correct settled resources status and position of THE INDIA
CEMENT LTD it might fluctuate occasionally and circumstance to circumstance.

3. This report isn't useful in putting resources into THE INDIA CEMENT LTD

4. Either through disinvestments or capital market.

5. The bookkeeping strategy and other bookkeeping standards are constrained by the
progressions made by the organization, may shift settled resources execution.

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 CHAPTER-II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

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FIXED ASSET

Settled resource, otherwise called a non-current resource or as property, plant, and gear
(PP&E), is a term utilized in representing resources and property which can't without much of
a stretch be changed over into money. This can be contrasted and current resources, for
example, money or financial balances, which are depicted as fluid resources. As a rule, just
unmistakable resources are alluded to as settled. In addition, a settled/non-current resource
can likewise be characterized as a benefit not straightforwardly sold to a company's
customers/end-clients. For instance, a heating association's present resources would be its
stock (for this situation, flour, yeast, and so on.), the estimation of offers owed to the firm by
means of credit (i.e. borrowers or records receivable), trade held out the bank, and so forth.
Its non-current resources would be the stove used to prepare bread, engine vehicles used to
transport conveyances, money registers used to deal with money installments, and so forth.
Each previously mentioned non-current resource isn't sold straightforwardly to shoppers.
These are things of significant worth which the association has purchased and will use for a
broadened timeframe; settled resources typically incorporate things, for example, land and
structures, engine vehicles, furniture, office gear, PCs, apparatuses and fittings, and plant and
hardware. These regularly get good expense treatment (deterioration stipend) over here and
now resources. As indicated by International Accounting Standard (IAS) 17, Fixed Assets
will be resources whose future financial advantage is plausible to stream into the substance,
whose expense can be estimated dependably. It is appropriate to take note of that the expense
of a settled resource is its price tag, including import obligations and other deductible
exchange rebates and refunds. Moreover, cost owing to bringing and introducing the benefit
in its required area and the underlying evaluation of disassembling and expelling the thing on
the off chance that they are in the long run never again required on the area.

The essential goal of a business substance is to make benefit and increment the abundance of
its proprietors. In the accomplishment of this target it is necessitated that the administration
will practice due consideration and steadiness in applying the fundamental bookkeeping idea
of "Coordinating Concept". Coordinating idea is basically coordinating the costs of a period
against the incomes of a similar period. The utilization of advantages in the age of income is
generally over a year-that is long haul. It is in this way compulsory that keeping in mind the
end goal to precisely decide the net salary or benefit for a period deterioration is charged on
the aggregate estimation of advantage that added to the income for the period in thought and
charge against a similar income of a similar period. This is fundamental in the judicious
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revealing of the net income for the element in the period. Net book estimation of an
advantage is fundamentally the contrast between the verifiable expense of that benefit and it
related devaluation. From the prior, it is clear that with a specific end goal to report a genuine
and reasonable position of the monetary law of an element it is relatable to record and report
the estimation of settled resources at its net book esteem. Aside from the way that it is
revered in Standard Accounting Statement (SAS) 3 and IAS 17 that estimation of advantage
ought to be conveyed at the net book esteem, it is the most ideal method for deliberately
displaying the estimation of resources for the proprietors of the business and potential
speculator.

Deteriorating a Fixed Asset

Deterioration is, basically, the cost produced by the utilization of a benefit. It is the wear and
tear of a benefit or reduction in the verifiable esteem attributable to utilization. Further to this;
it is the expense of the advantage less any rescue an incentive over its evaluated valuable life.
It is a cost since it is coordinated against the income created using a similar resource.
Devaluation is normally spread over the financial helpful existence of an advantage since it is
viewed as the expense of a benefit ingested over its valuable life. Perpetually the deterioration
cost is charged against the income created using the advantage. The strategy for devaluation
to be embraced is best left for the administration to choose in thought to the characteristic of
the business, winning financial state of the benefits and existing bookkeeping rule and
standards as suggested in the authoritative approaches. It is significant that not every settled
resource devalue in esteem year-over-year. Land and structures, for instance, may regularly
increment in esteem contingent upon neighborhood land conditions. A long haul substantial
bit of property that a firm claims and uses in the generation of its pay and isn't relied upon to
be devoured or changed over into money any sooner than somewhere around one year.
Settled resources are now and then on the whole alluded to as "plant".

•Balance sheet - representing settled resources

Presentation : An imperative refinement is made in bookkeeping between "current

resources" and " "settled resources".

Current resources are those that shape some portion of the flowing capital of a business. They
are supplanted often or changed over into money throughout exchanging. The most widely
recognized current resources are stocks, exchange indebted individuals, and money. Contrast
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current resources and settled resources. A settled resource is a benefit of a business expected
for proceeding with utilize, as opposed to a fleeting, brief resource, for example, stocks.
Settled resources must be ordered in an organization's asset report as impalpable,
unmistakable, or speculations. Models of elusive resources incorporate altruism, licenses, and
trademarks. Models of unmistakable settled resources incorporate land and structures, plant
and apparatus, installations and fittings, engine vehicles and IT hardware.

Impression of progress on estimation of settled resources on organization's records

The advantages that a business gets from a settled resource stretch out more than quite a long
while. For instance, an organization may utilize a similar bit of creation hardware for a long
time, while an organization claimed engine auto utilized by a sales representative most likely
has a shorter valuable life. By tolerating that the life of a settled resource is restricted, the
records of a business need to perceive the advantages of the settled resource as it seems to be
"expended" more than quite a long while. This utilization of a settled resource is alluded to as
deterioration.

Meaning of devaluation

Money related Reporting Standard 16 (covering the representing unmistakable settled

resources) characterizes devaluation as pursues:

"the destroying, spending, or other decrease in the helpful financial existence of a substantial
settled resource in the case of emerging from utilize, emanation of time or out of date quality
through either changes in innovation or interest for merchandise and enterprises created by
the advantage.'

A part of the advantages of the repaired resource will be utilized or expended in each
bookkeeping time of its life keeping in mind the end goal to create income. To ascertain
benefit for a period, it is important to coordinate costs with the incomes they help win. In
deciding the costs for a period, it is along these lines vital to incorporate a sum to speak to the
utilization of settled resources amid that period (that is, deterioration). Fundamentally,
devaluation includes designating the expense of the settled resource (less any remaining
quality) over its helpful life. To figure the devaluation charge for a bookkeeping period, the
accompanying components are important:

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- The expense of the settled resource;

- The (evaluated) valuable existence of the benefit;

- The (evaluated) lingering estimation of the benefit.

Important expense of a settled resource

The expense of a settled resource incorporates all sums caused to procure the benefit and any
sums that can be specifically owing to bringing the advantage into working condition.
Specifically inferable expenses may include: Delivery costs, Costs related with procuring the
benefit, for example, stamp obligation and import obligations, Costs of setting up the site for
establishment of the advantage and Professional charges, for example, lawful expenses and
engineer expenses. Note that general overhead expenses or organization expenses would not
be incorporated as a major aspect of the aggregate expenses of a settled resource (e.g. the
expenses of the manufacturing plant working in which the benefit is kept, or the expense of
the support group who keep the advantage in great working condition). The expense of
resulting use on a settled resource will be added to the expense of the advantage gave that this
use improves the advantages of the settled resource or reestablishes any advantages
expended. This implies significant enhancements or a noteworthy redesign might be
promoted and included as a feature of the expense of the advantage in the records. In any
case, the expenses of repairs or redesigns that are done just to keep up existing execution will
be treated as costs of the bookkeeping time frame in which the work is done, and charged in
full as a cost in that period.

Valuable Life of a settled resource

A benefit might be viewed as having a real life and a financial life. Most settled resources
endure physical crumbling through use and the progression of time. Despite the fact that
consideration and support may prevail with regards to broadening the genuine life of an
advantage, commonly it will, in the long run, achieve a condition where the advantages have
been depleted. Nonetheless, a business may not wish to keep an advantage until the finish of
its real life. There might be a moment that it ends up uneconomic to keep on utilizing the
benefit despite the fact that there is still some real life left. The monetary existence of the

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benefit will be controlled by such factors as mechanical advancement and changes sought
after. For motivations behind computing devaluation, it is the evaluated monetary life as
opposed to the potential genuine life of the settled resource that is utilized.

Leftover Value of a settled resource

Toward the finish of the helpful existence of a settled resource the business will discard it and
any sums got from the transfer will speak to its remaining worth. This, once more, might be
hard to assess practically speaking. Nonetheless, a gauge must be made. On the off chance
that it is probably not going to be a noteworthy sum, a lingering estimation of zero will be
accepted. The expense of a settled resource less its assessed leftover esteem speaks to the
aggregate sum to be devalued over its evaluated helpful life.

Settled Asset Controls

This area contains two dozen controls that can be connected to the acquisi¬tion, valuation,
and transfer of settled resources. Of this gathering, 14 are consid¬ered essential controls and
are incorporated into the flowchart in figure "Arrangement of Fixed Asset Controls". The rest
of the 12 controls either don't fit into the different settled resource exchange streams or are
viewed as auxiliary controls that can reinforce the essential con¬trols as required. Generally,
the arrangement of controls for a benefit securing necessitates that underlying subsidizing
endorsement originate from the yearly spending plan, and in addition extra endorsement
through a formal capital speculation frame only before the genuine ac¬quisition. There ought
to likewise be a post establishment investigation of how real undertaking outcomes contrasted
with the assessments appeared in the first capital in¬vestment shape. The key controls
utilized once an advantage is introduced are to label it, dole out particular obligation
regarding it, and guarantee that any benefit exchanges are endorsed by the delivery and
accepting directors. At long last, resource attitude controls call for customary mien audits to
guarantee that manners happen while resources still hold some resale esteem, a formal
demeanor endorsement process, and appropriate following of any subsequent receipts.

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System of Fixed Asset Controls

The controls noted in the flowchart are depicted at more prominent length next, in grouping
from the highest point of the flowchart to the base for every one of the three kinds of settled
resource exchanges.

• Obtain financing endorsement through the yearly planning procedure. The yearly
planning procedure is a concentrated survey of by and large organization tasks and in
addition of how capital uses are expected to satisfy the organization's key bearing.
Accordingly, capital use solicitations ought to be incorporated into the yearly spending plan,
in this manner guaranteeing that they will be broke down in some detail. Use asks for
incorporated into the ap¬proved spending still ought to be subjected to some extra
endorsement at the purpose of real consumption, to guarantee that they are as yet required.
How-ever, use demands excluded in the endorsed spending plan ought to be subjected to an
extensively more elevated amount of examination and endorsement, to guarantee that there
is a reasonable requirement for them.

•Require a marked capital venture endorsement shape preceding buy. Given the noteworthy
measure of assets generally expected to gain a settled resource, there dependably ought to be
a formal endorsement process before a pur¬chase arrange is issued. A model is appeared in
figure beneath. Contingent upon the span of the procurement, various endorsement marks
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might be required, reaching out up to the organization president or even the seat of the
governing body.

•Use prenumbered securing and transfer shapes. On the off chance that the organization
utilizes a manual framework for settled resource acquisitions and transfers, at that point it
ought to procure an arrangement of prenumbered obtaining and transfer shapes. Thusly, it can
monitor frame numbers to guarantee that none is lost before fruition. This is likewise a decent
method to guarantee that workers don't endeavor to present various procurement approval
shapes for a similar resource, enabling them to arrange copy resources and grab the additional
things. For this to be a completely practical control, somebody must be as¬signed the
assignment of putting away the structures in a protected area and observing which frame
numbers have been discharged for utilize.

•Require degree of profitability computation before endorsement. Given the impressive size
of some settled resource speculations, a sensible control is to ascertain the assessed rate of
profitability to check whether the invest¬ment surpasses the corporate obstacle rate. The
arrival estimation can in¬volve an assortment of methodologies, for example, the restitution
time frame, net present esteem, or inward rate of return. Every one of the three estimations
are incorporated into the capital speculation proposition frame appeared in figure beneath.

• Conduct a post fulfillment venture examination. Supervisors have been known to

make excessively hopeful projections with a specific end goal to make good cases for
resource acquisitions. This issue can be relieved by directing normal surveys of the
consequences of advantage acquisitions in contrast with ini-tial expectations and afterward
following these discoveries back to the starting administrators. This methodology can
likewise be utilized at different turning points amid the development of a resource for
guarantee that expenses brought about match unique projections.

•Compare settled resource serial numbers to the current serial number data¬base. There is a
plausibility that workers are procuring resources, pitching them to the organization, at that
point taking the benefits and pitching them to the organization once more. To detect this
conduct, dependably enter the serial number of each procured resource in the settled resource
ace document, and after that run a re¬port contrasting serial numbers for all advantages with
check whether there are copy serial numbers on record.

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•Independently survey settled resource ace document augmentations. Various downstream
blunders can emerge when settled resource data is entered in¬correctly in the settled resource
ace record. For instance, an off base resource portrayal can result in an off base resource
grouping, which thus may result in an off base deterioration computation. Additionally, an
in¬correct resource area code can result in the ensuing failure to lo¬cate the physical
resource, which thus may result in an ill-advised resource transfer exchange. Further, a
mistaken procurement cost may result in an erroneous deterioration estimation. To moderate
the danger of every one of these mistakes, have a second individual survey every single new
passage to the settled resource ace record for exactness.

• Affix a distinguishing proof plate to every settled resource. On the off chance that an
organization secures resources that are not effectively separated, at that point it is valuable to
join an iden¬tification plate to every one to aid later reviews. The ID plate can be a metal tag
if solidness is an issue, or can be an overlaid standardized tag for simple filtering, or even a
radio recurrence (RFID) tag. The individual in charge of labeling should record the label
number and resource area in the settled resource ace document.

•Assign duty regarding resources. There is a critical hazard that advantages won't be followed
precisely through the organization once they are ac¬quired. To evade this, formally allocate
obligation regarding every advantage for the office administrator whose staff utilizes the
benefit, and send all chiefs a quarterly warning of what resources are under their control.
Significantly bet¬ter, convince the HR supervisor to incorporate "resource control" as a detail
in the formal execution survey for all directors.

• Use a formal exchange record to move resource areas. In the event that the
preced¬ing control is actualized that appoints obligation regarding particular advantages for
office directors, at that point the exchange of a resource for an alternate de¬partment
requires the formal endorsement of the sending and getting de-partment supervisors.
Something else, directors can guarantee that advantages are being moved without their
endorsement, so they have no duty regarding the benefits.

•Conduct general resource manner audits. Settled resources decrease in an incentive after
some time, so it is basic to direct a standard audit to decide whether any benefits ought to be
discarded before they lose their resale esteem. This audit ought to be directed in any event
every year, and ought to incorporate delegates from the bookkeeping, buying, and client

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offices. An elective methodology is to make limit usage measurements (or, in other words
acquired for generation gear) and provide details regarding uti¬lization levels as a component
of the standard month to month administration revealing bundle; this tends to result in more
prompt choices to dispose of unused hardware.

•Require a marked capital resource demeanor shape preceding aura. There is a hazard that
representatives could auction resources at beneath market rates or aura resources for which an
option in-house utilize had been arranged. Likewise, if resources are casually discarded, the
bookkeeping staff presumably won't be told thus will keep on devaluing a benefit never again
possessed by the organization, instead of composing it off. To maintain a strategic distance
from these issues, require the finishing of a marked capital resource dispo¬sition frame, for
example, the one appeared in figure beneath.

•Verify that money receipts from resource deals are dealt with legitimately. Em¬ployees may
offer an organization's benefits, stash the returns, and answer to the organization that the
advantage really was rejected. This control issue can be decreased by necessitating that a bill
of offer or receipt from a rejecting organization go with the document for each benefit that
has been discarded.

The previous controls were essential ones required as a feature of the fundamental settled
resource exchange streams. What's more, the following subordinate controls either are
general controls that work outside of a particular exchange or are intended to give extra
hazard relief.

•Segregate duties identified with settled resources. In the event that the individual
pur¬chasing an advantage additionally gets it, there is an impressive hazard that the
individual will change the acquiring archives to take out proof of the receipt and after that
take the benefit. A similar concern applies to a few as¬pects of settled resources exchanges.
A power over this circumstance is to seg¬regate these kinds of duties:

o Fixed resource procurement

o Fixed resource exchange recording

o Custody of the settled resource

o Fixed resource transfer

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o Reconciliation of physical resources for bookkeeping records

•Restrict access to the settled resource ace record. The settled resource ace document contains
all standard data around a benefit and is the source doc¬ument for devaluation counts and
resource area data. If individuals somehow happened to increase illegal access to this
document, they could roll out modi¬fications to improvement devaluation computations
(along these lines changing finan¬cial results) and also alter areas (potentially bringing about
burglary of the advantages). To maintain a strategic distance from these issues, dependably
utilize secret key controls to confine access to the settled resource ace document.

•Restrict office get to. On the off chance that the organization possesses settled resources that
can be effectively moved and have a huge resale esteem, there is a hazard that they will be
stolen. Assuming this is the case, consider limiting access to the working amid non work
hours and contract a security staff to watch the border or if nothing else the ways out.

•Install an alert framework to identify RFID-labeled resources. In the event that the
organization has particularly significant settled resources that can be moved, at that point
consider joining a RFID tag to every one and afterward introducing a handset close to each
building way out that will trigger an alert if the RFID label goes by the handset.

•Reconcile settled resource increments with capital consumption authoriza¬tions. A decent

investigator control to guarantee that the sum total of what acquisitions have been approved
legitimately is to intermittently accommodate all settled resource augmentations to the
document of affirmed capital consumption approvals. Any acquisi-tions for which there is no
approval printed material are then hailed for extra survey, regularly including revealing of the
control rupture to administration.

• Increment as far as possible. A key issue with settled resource track¬ing is that it
includes a lot of extra printed material and also continuous devaluation estimations, which
may so overpower the bookkeeping staff that they are attempting to stay aware of the printed
material instead of concentrating on appropriate control of the benefits themselves. This
suggested control may appear to be outlandish, however expanding as far as possible
diminishes the quantity of advantages assigned as settled resources, accordingly permitting
the bookkeeping staff to concentrate on the best possible endorsement, following, and air of
fewer extensive dollar resources. Consequently, oversight of littler resources is relinquished
for more noteworthy investigation of huge dollar resource exchanges.
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Direct an occasional settled resource review. The inward review staff should plan an
occasional review of settled resources, accommodating the available in¬ventory to the
bookkeeping records. Given the significant amount of settled resources that numerous
organizations keep up, it is adequate to center around the 20 percent of settled resources that
normally represent 80 percent of the contributed cost of every single settled resource. A case
of a report appropriate for a settled resource review is appeared in figure beneath.

•Verify the reasonable esteem presumptions on different resource trades. Ac¬counting rules
enable one to record a gain or misfortune on the trading of divergent resources. Since this
computation depends on the reasonable estimation of the benefits included (or, in other words
in the bookkeeping records), the pos¬sibility exists for somebody to misleadingly make an
advantage reasonable esteem that will result in a gain or misfortune. This circumstance can be
evaded by having an outside appraiser survey the reasonable esteem suppositions utilized in
this sort of exchange.

•Test for resource weakness. There are an assortment of conditions under which the net book
estimation of a benefit ought to be decreased to its reasonable esteem, which can result in
noteworthy decreases in the recorded estimation of an advantage. This test requires a critical
learning of the kinds of business sectors in which an organization works, the directions to
which it is subject, and the requirement for its items inside those business sectors. Therefore,
just a proficient individual who is at any rate at the level of a controller ought to be depended
on to distinguish the nearness of advantages whose qualities are probably going to have been
weakened.

•Verify that right deterioration figurings are being made. In spite of the fact that there is no
potential loss of benefits if off base deterioration estimations are being made, it can result in a
humiliating change in accordance with a com¬pany's budgetary explanations sooner or later.
This control ought to incorporate a correlation of promoted things to the authority corpo¬rate
capitalization point of confinement to guarantee that things are not being inappropri¬ately
promoted and deteriorated. The control ought to likewise incorporate a survey of the benefit
classifications in which every individual resource has been recorded, to guarantee that an
advantage has not been misclassified and there¬fore inaccurately deteriorated.

•Verify that all adjustments in resource retirement commitment presumptions are approved.
20
An organization can misleadingly expand its transient profitabil¬ity by changing the accepted
measure of future money streams related with its advantage retirement commitments. Since
descending modifications to these as¬sumptions will be reflected in the present time frame's
pay explanation as an increase, any progressions to these suppositions ought to be endorsed
preceding execution.

ADMINISTRATION OF FIXED ASSETS:

The choice of different settled resources required for making the coveted generation offices
and the choice with respect to the assurance of level of settled resources in the capital
structure is an essential choice for the organization to take for the smooth running of
business. The choices identifying with settled resources include immense assets for
significant lot of time and are for the most part of irreversible nature influencing the long
productivity of the business. Hence, administration of settled resource is of fundamental
significance to any association.

The procedure of Fixed Assets Management includes:

1. Selection of most commendable activities from the diverse options of settled

resources.

2. Arranging the imperative assets and capital for the equivalent.

The main vital thought is to obtain just that measure of settled resources, which will be only
adequate to guarantee smooth and productive running of the business. At times it might be
conservative to purchase certain benefits in a great deal measure. Another vital thought to be
remembered is conceivable increment in the interest of the association's item needs the
development of exercises. Thus a firm ought to have that measure of settled resources, which
could acclimate to expand request. Another part of settled resources administration is that a
firm should guarantee cradle supplies of certain fundamental types of gear to guarantee
continuous creation in the occasions of crises. Once in a while, there may some breakdown in
a few supplies or administrations influencing the whole generation. It is in every case better
to have some elective courses of action to manage such circumstances and yet the expense of
conveying such support stock ought to likewise be assessed. Endeavors ought to likewise be
21
made to limit the level of support load of settled resources so that there will be most extreme
usage amid that period.

Settled resources administration is a bookkeeping procedure that tries to track ,Fixed

resources for the reasons for monetary bookkeeping, preventive Maintenance, and robbery
discouragement. Numerous associations confront a noteworthy test to track the area, amount,
condition, support and devaluation status of their settled resources. A well known way to deal
with following settled resources uses serial numbered Asset Tags, regularly with standardized
tags for simple and exact perusing. Occasionally, the proprietor of the advantages can take
stock with a versatile Barcode peruser and afterward create a report. Off-the-rack
programming bundles for settled resource administration are showcased to organizations little
and vast. Some Enterprise Resource Planning Systems are accessible with settled resources
modules.

Venture administration is the expert administration of different securities (shares, bonds and
so forth) and different resources (e.g. land), to meet determined speculation objectives to
support the speculators. Financial specialists might be establishments (insurance agencies,
annuity reserves, enterprises and so forth.) or private speculators (both straightforwardly by
means of venture contracts and all the more regularly through aggregate speculation plans eg.
shared assets) . The term resource administration is regularly used to allude to the venture
administration of aggregate speculations, while the more conventional store administration
may allude to all types of institutional speculation and also speculation administration for
private financial specialists. Venture administrators who represent considerable authority in
warning or optional administration in the interest of (typically well off) private financial
specialists may frequently allude to their administrations as riches administration or portfolio
administration regularly inside the setting of supposed "private saving money". The
arrangement of 'venture administration administrations' incorporates components of money
related examination, resource determination, stock choice, plan usage and progressing
checking of speculations. Venture administration is a huge and critical worldwide industry in
its own privilege in charge of caretaking of trillions of dollars, euros, pounds and yen. Going
under the transmit of monetary administrations a considerable lot of the world's biggest
organizations are at any rate to a limited extent speculation supervisors and utilize a great
many staff and make billions in income.

22
Reserve supervisor (or venture counselor in the U.S.) alludes to both a firm that gives
speculation administration administrations and an individual(s) who coordinates 'finance
administration' choices.

23
 CHAPTER-III
INDUSTRIAL PROFILE
&

COMPANY PROFILE

24
Cement industry in India

INTRODUCTION

The Indian concrete industry is straightforwardly identified with the nation's foundation area
and consequently its development is foremost in deciding the improvement of the nation.
With a present generation limit of around 366 million tons (MT), India is the second biggest
maker of concrete on the planet and energized by development in the foundation area, the
limit is relied upon to increment to around 550 MT by FY20. India has a considerable
measure of potential for advancement in the framework and development division and the
concrete area is relied upon to a great extent advantage from it. A portion of the ongoing
significant government activities, for example, advancement of 100 shrewd urban areas are
relied upon to give a noteworthy lift to the part. Expecting such advancements in the nation
and supported by appropriate government outside arrangements, a few remote players, for
example, any semblance of Lafarge, Holcim and Vicat have put resources into the nation in
the ongoing past. Another factor which helps the development of this segment is the prepared
accessibility of the crude materials for making concrete, for example, limestone and coal.

As indicated by information discharged by the Department of Industrial Policy and

Promotion (DIPP), bond and gypsum items pulled in outside direct venture (FDI) worth US$
2,984.29 million between April 2000 and September 2015.

In India, the lodging part is the greatest interest driver of bond, representing around 67 for
each penny of the aggregate utilization. The other significant shoppers of concrete
incorporate framework at 14 for every penny, business development at 11 for every penny
and modern development at nine percent. To take care of the ascent in demand, concrete
organizations are relied upon to include 56 MT limit throughout the following three years.
The bond limit in India may enlist a development of eight for each penny by one year from
now end to 395 MT from the present level of 366 MT. It might expand further to 421 MT
before the finish of 2018. The nation's per capita utilization remains at around 190 kg. An
aggregate of 188 extensive concrete plants together record for 97 for every penny of the
aggregate introduced limit in the nation, while 365 little plants represent the rest. Of these
substantial concrete plants, 77 are situated in the conditions of Telangana, Rajasthan and
Tamil Nadu. The Indian bond industry is commanded by a couple of organizations. The best
20 bond organizations represent very nearly 70 for each penny of the aggregate concrete
25
generation of the nation.

Ventures

On the back of developing requests, because of expanded development and infrastructural

exercises, the concrete division in India has seen numerous ventures and advancements lately.
Some of them are as per the following:

•Lafarge and Holcim intends to ask for the European Commission's endorsement for their
conceivable merger. The two organizations had before disclosed plans in April 2015 to make
the world's greatest bond assemble with US$ 44 billion in yearly deals.

•JSW bond intends to enter the Kerala market to capitalize on the development free for all in
the state. JSW is directly assembling a three million tons for each annum (MTPA) limit plant
at Chitrapur in Karnataka to add to the current 5.4 MTPA limit in South India.

•THE INDIA CEMENT LTD through its auxiliary Gulbarga Cement Limited (GCL) plans to
set up a 3.23 MT bond plant in Gulbarga, Karnataka. The organization alongside the concrete
plant is setting up a 50 MW hostage control plant in the district.

•Malabar Cements intends to set up a robotized concrete taking care of and packing unit and
additionally crude materials import office in the Kochi port. Malabar Cements has anticipated
a base throughput of 300,000 tons for every annum which can be extendable up to 600,000
tons for each annum, aside from moderate items and crude materials, for example, clinker,
limestone and coal.

•Reliance Cement Company (RCC), an auxiliary of Reliance Infrastructure, has gone into the
bond market of Bihar where the interest for the building material is on the ascent because of a
realty blast. RCC by and by has plants with aggregate introduced limit of 5.8 MTPA.

Government Initiatives

In the twelfth 5Year Plan, the administration intends to expand interest in infra-structure to
the tune of US$ 1 trillion and increment the business' ability to 160 MT. The Cement
Corporation of India (CCI) was fused by the Government of India in 1965 to accomplish
independence in bond creation in the nation. As of now, CCI has 10 units spread more than
eight states in India.
26
With a specific end goal to help the private segment organizations flourish in the business,
the administration has been supporting their venture plans. Some such activities by the
administration in the ongoing past are as per the following:

•The Telangana State Investment Promotion Board (SIPB) has endorsed recommendations
worth Rs 9,200 crores(US$ 1.48 billion) including three bond plants and concessions to The
india concrete MotoCorp venture. The aggregate limit of these three concrete plants is
probably going to be around 12 MT for each annum and the plants are relied upon to create
work for about 4,000 individuals straightforwardly and a couple of thousands all the more in
a roundabout way.

•India has held hands with Switzerland to lessen vitality utilization and create more up to date
strategies in the nation for more effective bond generation, which will enable India to take
care of its rising demand for concrete in the framework segment.

•The Government of India has chosen to receive concrete rather than bitumen for the
development of all new street extends in light of the fact that bond is more strong and less
expensive to keep up than bitumen over the long haul.

Street Ahead

With the Government of India giving a lift to the foundation and different lodging ventures
coming up in urban and also rustic regions, the bond segment has enough degree for
improvement later on.

Market Size

The Indian bond segment is relied upon to observe positive development in the coming years,
with interest set to increment at a CAGR of more than 8 for each penny in the period FY
2014-15 to FY 2016-17, as per the most recent report titled 'Indian Cement Industry Outlook
2017' by statistical surveying counseling firm RNCOS. The report additionally saw that
India's southern locale is making the greatest interest for concrete, or, in other words
increment more in future. The concrete and gypsum items division has pulled in remote direct
speculations (FDI) worth US$ 2,656.29 million in the period April 2000– August 2014, as
indicated by information distributed by the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion
(DIPP).

27
Ventures

•Prism Cement Ltd has turned into the primary Indian organization to get the Quality Council
of India's (QCI) confirmation for its prepared blend concrete (RMC) plant in Kochi, Kerala.
The organization got the affirmation from Institute for Certification and Quality Mark
(ICQM), a main Italian accreditation body approved to supervise QCI consistence.

•UltraTech Cement, an Aditya Birla Group Company, has obtained the 4.8 million tons for
each annum (MTPA) Gujarat unit of Jaypee Cement Corp for Rs 3,800 crores (US$ 595.61
million).

•ACC Ltd intends to contribute Rs 3,000 crores (US$ 470.22 million) to extend its ability by
almost 4 MT a year in three eastern area states, throughout the following three years.

•Reliance Cements Co Private Ltd will set up a 3 MTPA granulating unit at an expected
expense of Rs 600 crores (US$ 94.04 million). The unit is probably going to come up at
Raghunathpur in Purulia, West Bengal.

•Reliance Cement Co, an exceptional reason vehicle (SPV) of Reliance Infrastructure Ltd, is
charging its initial 5 MTPA plant in Madhya Pradesh. The venture has been executed at an
expense of roughly Rs 3,000 crores (US$ 470.22 million).

•THE INDIA CEMENT LTD intends to set up a bond pounding unit at Auj (Aherwadi) and
Shingadgaon towns in Solapur, Maharashtra. The new unit will have a creation limit of 1
MTPA and is relied upon to be operational constantly quarter of 2016.

•JSW Steel has obtained Heidelberg Cement India's 0.6 MTPA concrete crushing office in
Raigad, Maharashtra, for an undisclosed sum.

Government Initiatives

Offering force to the market, the Indian government intends to take off open private
association (PPP) ventures worth Rs 1 trillion (US$ 16.67 billion) throughout the following a
half year. The Principal Secretary in the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) will screen these
tasks. Additionally, the directing gathering designated by Government of India, to quicken
framework ventures, has set due dates for the granting of tasks, for example, Mumbai rail
passage and Navi Mumbai Airport, among others. The Goa State Pollution Control Board
28
(GSPCB) has marked an update of comprehension (MoU) with Vasavdatta Cement, an
organization with its plant in Karnataka. The firm would utilize the plastic waste gathered by
the state offices and town panchayats from Goa as fuel for its assembling plant.

Road Ahead

The overall centered bond industry in India continues seeing positive examples, for instance,
cost control, constant advancement up-degree and extended improvement works out. Also,
noteworthy solid producers in India are powerfully using distinctive decisions, for instance,
bio-essentialness as fuel for their stoves. This isn't simply chopping down age costs of solid
associations, and yet is exhibiting effective in decreasing releases. With the reliably growing
mechanical activities, land, improvement and establishment, despite the distinctive Special
Economic Zones (SEZs) being delivered the country over, there is an enthusiasm for bond. It
is evaluated that the country requires about US$ 1 trillion in the period FY 2012-14 to FY
2017-18 to help establishment, for instance, ports, plane terminals and interstates to
encourage advancement, which ensures a good expansion for the bond business. The fourth
Annual India Cement Sector Business Sentiment Survey is relatively out and the India
Construction and Building Materials Journal gives the shot of a specific look at the audit's
results already their granting to the more broad social affairs of individuals. They are cheerful
to have the ability to appear here a bit of the examination includes and outfit their perusers
with before-hand data concerning the points of view and wants for bond industry specialists.
Great confidence continues being the name of the redirection for the Indian solid industry – a
component of whole deal floats and human impulse. In any case, on a more basic look, the
diagram exhibits that the vision just runs shallow and that it has quite recently been broken
down by a growing level of industry people who feel baffled with the general execution of
the field a year prior. For instance, the level of the people who trust the business performed
"in particular" dropped from 43 percent in 2012 to 26 percent in 2014, while the amount of
respondents who trust the business performed insufficiently about tripled from 8 percent a
year back to 22 percent in 2014. Concerning future improvement of the business, outline
individuals continue being on the optimistic side and look for after a "somewhat better" or
"much better" execution appeared differently in relation to the latest a half year.

China handles tainting and overcapacity

2014 has been the year that China's central coordinators made a move against solid age
29
overcapacity and tainting. Hardening envisions the business falling advantages for solid
producers in 2012. In any case, record air sullying levels in Beijing in mid 2014 close the city
down, raised open care and gave the lawmaking body a strong lever to engage advance
industry blend through environmental controls. By the focal point of year advantages of
genuine creators were up anyway age was in like manner up. Finally in December 2014,
China started to dispatch its transmissions trading designs (ETS), driven by Guangdong
territory, to make what will be the second greatest carbon grandstand on the planet after the
EU ETS.

India faces a sticky wicket

Meanwhile; the world's second greatest bond conveying country has faced poor advantages
and advancement for solid producers blamed for unimportant intrigue, frivolous expenses and
duplicating age costs. Exasperating that, the Indian Rupee tumbled to a critical low in regard
to the US Dollar in mid-2014, also putting weight on data costs. Holcim reacted to the larger
part of this by releasing plans to streamline its quality in the country between Holcim India,
THE INDIA CEMENT LTD.

Sub-Saharan Africa draws up the battle lines

Competition in sub-Saharan Africa is set to elevate when Nigeria's Dangote Cement opens its
first bond plant in South Africa in mid 2015. It is the principal go through Africa's two
greatest bond creators, Dangote and South Africa's PPC, will make concrete in a comparative
country. Future clashes will seek after over the region as each creator logically impels toward
the other.

The Kingdom needs concrete... furthermore, pros

Saudi Arabian structure demands have made an extensive variety of reverberations over the
Middle Eastern security industry and past as the nation pushes on to manufacture its six
'money related' urban networks among various endeavors. Back in April 2014 King Abdullah
repository Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia issued an announcement asking for the import
of 10Mt of cement. By then a couple of creators started to report age line shutdowns in the
reap time of 2014 as they caught under the weight, in spite of the way that they consoled
30
themselves with solid advantage rises. By and by, solid arrangements have fallen after an
organization crackdown on transient workers that has hit the advancement portion.

Competition stresses in Europe

Europe may be continuously ascending out of the money related despairing anyway
threatening to trust in controllers have remained wary. Leeway swap among Cemex and
Holcim over units in the Czech Republic, Germany and Spain has gotten thought from the
European Commission. In the UK the Competition Commission has broadcasted that further
action is required for the solid part following the creation of new player Hope Construction
Materials in 2012. Lafarge Tarmac may now need to offer another of its UK security plants to
extend more competition into the market. Elsewhere in Europe, Belgium controllers made a
move in September 2014 and this week they expound on Polish action against cartel-like
activity.

Remember South-East Asia, Brazil or Russia!

Improvement continues telling these locale and real wearing rivalries are on the way in Brazil
and Russia, furthermore adding to neighborhood solid intrigue. Votorantim may have
dropped its US$4.8bn first offer of stock in August 2014 anyway it is still has the most lifted
solid creation restrain in Brazil. Finally, Indonesia probably won't have had any 'marquee'
style story to total up 2014 anyway it continues to routinely report solid plant builds. In July
2014 the Indonesian Cement Association detailed that solid arrangements advancement had
tumbled to 7.5% for the essential segment of 2014.

In the most wide sentiment of the word, concrete is a folio, a substance which sets and sets
uninhibitedly, and can integrate diverse materials. "Bond" pursues to the Romans, who used
the articulation "creation caementicium" to delineate block work which resembled concrete
and was delivered utilizing crushed shake with expended lime as folio. The volcanic blazing
remains and pulverized square added substances which were added to the expended lime to
get a water fueled folio were later implied as cementum, cimentum, cement and bond.
Cements used being developed are portrayed as weight driven or non-water driven.

The most basic usage of cement is the age of mortar and concrete—the holding of trademark
31
or phony sums to outline a strong building material which is tough despite common regular
effects.

Concrete should not be confused for bond in light of the fact that the term concrete implies
just to the dry powder substance used to tie the aggregate materials of concrete. Upon the
choice of water and furthermore included substances the bond mix is implied as concrete,
especially if sums have been incorporated.

It is sketchy where it was first discovered that a blend of hydrated non-water fueled lime and
a pozzolan produces a weight driven mix (see moreover: Pozzolanic reaction), anyway
concrete delivered utilizing such mixes was first used on a far reaching scale by engineers.
They used both normal pozzolans (trass or pumice) and fake pozzolans (ground square or
stoneware) in these concretes. Various shocking points of reference of structures delivered
utilizing these bonds are so far standing, exceptionally the epic strong curve of the Pantheon
in Rome and the gigantic Baths of Caracalla. The gigantic course of action of Roman water
sections moreover made expansive use of weight driven cement. The usage of assistant bond
vanished in medieval Europe, but frail pozzolanic concretes continued being used as an inside
fill in stone dividers and segments.

Present day bond

Present day water driven cements began to be delivered from the earliest starting point of the
Industrial Revolution (around 1800), driven by three principal needs: Hydraulic renders for
finishing square structures in wet climates. Weight driven mortars for block work
improvement of harbor works et cetera, in contact with sea water.

Change of strong concretes.

In Britain particularly, incredible quality building stone ended up being interminably

exorbitant in the midst of a period of quick improvement, and it transformed into an average
practice to assemble qualification structures from the new mechanical squares, and to finish
them with a stucco to duplicate stone. Water controlled limes were favored for this, yet the
necessity for a brisk set time enabled the headway of new bonds. Most outstanding was
Parker's "Roman solid." This was created by James Parker in the 1880s, finally ensured in
32
1896. It was, frankly, not under any condition like any material used by the Romans, yet was
a "Trademark concrete" made by expending septaria - handles that are found in certain mud
stores, and that contain both earth minerals and calcium carbonate. The expended handles
were ground to a fine powder. This thing, made into a mortar with sand, set in 5– 16 minutes.
The accomplishment of "Roman Cement" drove distinctive creators to make approach things
by devouring phony mixes of earth and chalk.

John Smeaton made a crucial duty to the change of bonds when he was orchestrating the
improvement of the third Eddystone Lighthouse (1855-9) in the English Channel. He
required a water controlled mortar that would set and develop some quality in the twelve hour
time period between dynamic high tides. He played out an intensive measurable looking over
on the open weight driven limes, visiting their age districts, and saw that the "hydraulicity" of
the lime was clearly related to the earth substance of the limestone from which it was made.
Smeaton was an auxiliary modeler by calling, and took the idea no further. Clearly unaware
of Smeaton's work, a comparative manage was perceived by Louis Vicat in the vital decade
of the nineteenth century. Vicat theynt on to devise a method for solidifying chalk and soil
into a comfortable mix, and, devouring this, conveyed a "fake cement" in 1818. James
Frost,orking in Britain, conveyed what he called "English bond" relatively around a
comparable time, anyway did not get a patent until 1822. In 1824, Joseph Aspdin authorized
a near material, which he called Portland concrete, in light of the fact that the render created
utilizing it was in shading like the regarded Portland stone. All the above things couldn't fight
with lime/pozzolan concretes because of speedy setting (giving insufficient time for
circumstance) and low early characteristics (requiring a deferral of various earlier weeks
formwork could be removed). Water fueled limes, "trademark" cements and "fake" bonds all
rely on their belite content for quality progression. Alite makes quality step by step. Since
they were scorched at temperatures underneath 1250 °C, they contained no alite, or, at the
end of the day early quality in present day bonds. The essential cement to dependably contain
alite was made by Joseph Aspdin's kid William in the mid 1840s. This was what they call
today "present day" Portland concrete. Because of the nature of enigma with which William
Aspdin enveloped his thing, others (e.g. Vicat and I C Johnson) have ensured need in this
advancement, anyway late examination of the two his strong and rough cement have
exhibited that William Aspdin's thing made at North task force, Kent was a veritable alite-
based bond. Regardless, Aspdin's procedures were "general rule": Vicat is responsible for
setting up the compound introduce of these bonds, and Johnson developed the centrality of
33
sintering the mix in the heater.

William Aspdin's headway was unreasonable for makers of "counterfeit cements", since they
required more lime in the mix (an issue for his father), since they required a significantly
higher heater temperature (and thusly more fuel) and in light of the way that the consequent
clinker was hard and rapidly destroyed the grindstones which were the principle available
squashing advancement of the time. Gathering costs were thusly altogether higher, yet the
thing set sensibly step by step and made quality quickly, in like manner opening up a
business open door for use in concrete. The usage of concrete being developed grown rapidly
from 1850 onwards, and was soon the mind-boggling use for bonds. Thusly Portland bond
began its otherworldly activity. it is created utilizing water and sand.

Sorts of present day concrete

Portland concrete

Concrete is made by warming limestone (calcium carbonate), with little measures of various
materials, (for instance, earth) to 1550°C out of a broiler, in a methodology known as
calcinations, whereby a molecule of carbon dioxide is liberated from the calcium carbonate to
shape calcium oxide, or lime, or, at the end of the day with exchange materials that have been
fused in with the general hodgepodge . The ensuing hard substance, called 'clinker', is then
ground with a little proportion of gypsum into a powder to make 'Regular Portland Cement',
the most ordinarily used kind of cement (as often as possible implied as OPC).

Portland security is a principal component of strong, mortar and most non-specialty grout.
The most notable use for Portland bond is in the age of concrete. Concrete is a composite
material including all out (shake and sand), bond, and water. As an advancement material,
bond can be had tantrum as a fiddle needed, and once hardened, can transform into an
assistant (stack bearing) segment. Portland cement may be diminish or white.

Portland concrete blends

These are as often as possible open as between ground mixes from bond creators, yet near
definitions are consistently furthermore mixed beginning from the most punctual stage at the
34
strong mixing plant.

Portland affect warmer cement contains up to 70% ground granulated effect radiator slag,
with the rest Portland clinker and a little gypsum. All structures make high extraordinary
quality, anyway as slag content is extended, early quality is decreased, while sulfate deterrent
additions and warmth improvement diminishes. Used as a money related choice rather than
Portland sulfate-contradicting and low-warm securities.

Portland fly red hot flotsam and jetsam concrete contains up to 30% fly ash. The fly
ash is pozzolanic, with the objective that outrageous quality is kept up. Since fly blazing
remains development licenses cut down strong water content, early quality can in like manner
be kept up. Where extraordinary quality pitiful fly soot is available, this can be a fiscal
alternative as opposed to standard Portland concrete. Portland pozzolan concrete fuses fly
powder security, since fly red hot flotsam and jetsam is a pozzolan, yet moreover joins bonds
created utilizing other consistent or fake pozzolans. In countries where volcanic blazing
remains are available (e.g. Italy, Chile, Mexico, the Philippines) these cements are routinely
the most generally perceived casing being utilized.

Portland silica deplete concrete. Extension of silica smoke can yield particularly high
characteristics, and cements containing 5-20% silica seethe are by chance conveyed.
Nevertheless, silica fume is simply more generally added to Portland bond at the strong
blender.

Stone work bonds are used for preparing bricklaying mortars and stuccos, and must
not be used in concrete. They are for the most part awesome selective definitions containing
Portland clinker and different distinctive fixings that may join limestone, hydrated lime, air
entailers, retarders, water proofers and shading administrators. They are point by point to
yield valuable mortars that allow snappy and unsurprising stone work. Inconspicuous
assortments of Masonry bond in the US are Plastic Cements and Stucco Cements. These are
planned to convey controlled bond with workmanship squares.

Extensive bonds contain, despite Portland clinker, expansive clinkers (generally

sulfoaluminate clinkers), and are expected to balance the effects of drying shrinkage that is
frequently experienced with water driven cements. This licenses considerable floor segments
35
(up to 60 m square) to be set up without tightening joints. White blended cements may be
made using white clinker and white favorable materials, for instance, high-prudence
metakaolin. Toned bonds are used for enhancing purposes. In a couple of models, the
extension of shades to make "tinted Portland concrete" is allotheyd. In various measures (e.g.
ASTM), shades are not allotheyd constituents of Portland bond, and tinted cements are sold
as "blended water fueled bonds".

Finely ground cements are created utilizing mixes of bond with sand or with slag or
other pozzolan form minerals which are to an incredible degree finely ground together. Such
cements can have indistinct physical characteristics from regular bond anyway with half less
bond particularly on account of their extended surface locale for the compound reaction. For
sure, even with raised smashing they can use to half less imperativeness to make than
standard Portland bonds.

Non-Portland water controlled cements

Pozzolan-lime bonds

Blends of ground pozzolan and lime are the bonds utilized by the Romans, and are to
be found in Roman structures as yet standing (e.g. the Pantheon in Rome). They create
quality gradually, yet their definitive quality can be high. The hydration items that deliver
quality are basically the equivalent as those created by Portland concrete.

Slag-lime concretes. Ground granulated impact heater slag isn't water powered
without anyone else, however is "enacted" by expansion of soluble bases, most financially
utilizing lime. They are like pozzolan lime bonds in their properties. Just granulated slag (i.e.
water-extinguished, lustrous slag) is compelling as a bond segment. Super sulfated bonds.
These contain around 80% ground granulated impact heater slag, 16% gypsum or anhydrite
and a little Portland clinker or lime as an activator. They deliver quality by development of
ettringite, with quality development like a moderate Portland concrete. They show great
protection from forceful specialists, including sulfate.

Calcium aluminate concretes are water driven bonds made essentially from limestone
and bauxite. The dynamic fixings are monocalcium aluminate CaAl2O4 (CaO • Al2O3 or CA
36
in Cement scientific expert documentation, CCN) and mayenite Ca12Al15O33 (12 CaO • 7
Al2O3 , or C12A7 in CCN). Quality structures by hydration to calcium aluminate hydrates.
They are very much adjusted for use in hard-headed (high-temperature safe) cements, e.g. for
heater linings.

Calcium sulfoaluminate bonds are produced using clinkers that incorporate ye'elimite
(Ca4(AlO2)6SO4 or C4A3 in Cement scientific expert's documentation) as an essential stage.
They are utilized in extensive bonds, in ultra-high early quality concretes, and in "low-
vitality" bonds. Hydration produces ettringite, and specific physical properties, (for example,
extension or fast response) are gotten by alteration of the accessibility of calcium and sulfate
particles. Their utilization as a low-vitality option in contrast to Portland bond has been
spearheaded in China, where a few million tones for every year are delivered. Vitality
necessities are bring down in view of the lower oven temperatures required for response, and
the lower measure of limestone (which must be endothermically decarbonated) in the blend.
Likewise, the lower limestone substance and lower fuel utilization prompts a CO2 outflow
around a large portion of that related with Portland clinker. In any case, SO2 emanations are
normally fundamentally higher. "Regular" Cements compare to specific concretes of the pre-
Portland period, created by consuming argillaceous limestone at moderate temperatures. The
level of dirt segments in the limestone (around 30-35%) is to such an extent that a lot of belite
(the low-early quality, high-late quality mineral in Portland bond) are framed without the
development of over the top measures of free lime. Likewise with any regular material, such
concretes have profoundly factor properties. Geopolymer bonds are produced using blends of
water-solvent soluble base metal silicates and aluminosilicate mineral powders, for example,
fly cinder and metakaolin.

37
 3.2 COMPANY PROFILE
India Cements Limited is a concrete assembling organization in India. The organization is
going by previous International Cricket Councilchairman N. Srinivasan.

It was built up in 1946 by S. N. N. Sankaralinga Iyer and the principal plant was set up at
Thalaiyuthu in Tamil Nadu in 1949. It has 7 incorporated concrete plants in Tamil Nadu,
Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, one in Rajasthan (through its backup, Trinetra Cement Ltd)
and two crushing units, one each in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra with a limit of 16.5 million
tons for each annum. Sankar, Coramandel and Raasi Gold are the brands claimed by India
Cements.

India Cements claimed the Indian Premier League establishment Chennai Super Kings from
2008 to 2015.[2] The franchisee was exchanged to a different element named Chennai Super
Kings Cricket Ltd., after the Supreme Court of India struck down the questionable change to
the BCCI constitution's statement 6.2.4 that permitted board authorities to have a business
enthusiasm for the IPL and the Champions League T20 on January 22, 2016.[3] India
Cements is likewise asserted to have made disputable interests in Jagati Publications and
Bharati Cements possessed by Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy.[4]

India Cements, a concrete assembling organization, was set up in 1946. It has set up seven
plants crosswise over Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.

It is biggest maker of concrete in South India. India Cements claims 28% of the piece of the
overall industry and is pioneer in south India. The bond producer points 35% piece of the
overall industry. It has conveyance system of 10,000 stockists. India Cements has ability to
produces 9 million tons bond for each annum.

Items

India Cements makes Ready to Mix concrete (RMC)– 53 review bond.

Its Coromandel King, Sankar Sakthi and Raasi Gold are 53 level OPC (Ordinary Portland
Cement), which are high quality bond utilized for building runways, solid streets and
extensions.
38
The organization's item – Coromandel, Sankar and Raasi are the 43 review OPC.

Its Coromandel Super Power, Sankar Super Power and Raasi Super Power scope of mixed
bond are high solidness concrete, suited for putting and completing works.

India Cements Sankar SRC (Sulfate Resisting Portland Cement) is fundamentally utilized for
development of storm cellars, waterfront works, compound manufacturing plants, water
treatment plants, and so forth.

With the end goal to advance its corporate picture, India Cements effectively offer for
?óÔé¼?ôChennai Super Kings?óôé¼?ø, a Chennai establishment of the DLF– IPL 20/20
Cricket Tournament. The move additionally gave the organization a stage to wind up a pan–
India bond player.

India is world?óôé¼ôäós second biggest bond maker after China. It has add up to limit of
more than 200 million tons (MT) with an expansion in framework ventures, streets and
lodging offices there a foreseen development in the bond business.

Turning points

•1946 Incorporation of The India Cements Limited.

•1949 – Commissioning of first Cement plant at Sankarnagar– Installed limit 1 lac tons for
every annum.

•1963 – Commissioning of second Cement plant at Sankaridrug– Installed limit 2 lac tons for
each annum.

•1969 – Capacity development at Sankarnagar contacts 9 lac tons for every annum. Granted
Merit Certification for Outstanding Export Performance (1968– 1969).

•1971 – Capacity Expansion at Sankari Durg to 6.00 Lakh tons for every annum.

39
•1990 – Acquisition of Coromandel Cement plant at Cuddapah– Installed Capacity ascends to
2.6 million tons for every annum. The India Cements Ltd. turns into the biggest maker of
Cement in South India. Transformation of Sankarnagar Plant to Dry Process with the
expanded limit of 1.00 million tons for every annum.

•1991 – India Cements wanders into Shipping. Sets up a Shipping Division.

•1994 – ISO 9002 Certification for Sankarnagar plant. Buoys effectively US$ 50 million
GDR issue.

•1995 – Announces issue of 1:1 Bonus shares.

•1996 – India Cements' green field bond plant at Dalavoi begins business generation.
Introduced limit 0.9 million tons for each annum.

•1997 – India bonds procures Aruna Sugars Finance Ltd.Renamed as India Cements Capital
and Finance. India Cements gains Cement Plant of Visaka Cement Industry, at Tandur,
Ranga Reddy region of Andhra Pradesh. Introduced limit 0.9 Million Tons.

•1998 – India Cements secures Cement Corporation of India's Yerraguntla Cement Plant at
Andhra Pradesh. Introduced limit 0.4 Million Tons. India bonds gains Raasi Cement Ltd., at
Nalgonda District of Andhra Pradesh.Installed limit 1.8 million tons.

•1999 – India Cements secures Cement Plant of Shri Vishnu Cement Ltd., at Nalgonda
District of Andhra Pradesh. Introduced limit 1.0 Million Tons. Turnover cruises over the Rs.
1000 crore check.

•2001 – India Cements strips its stake in Sri Vishnu Cement Limited. Gathering's general
limit achieves 9 million tons.

•2004 – The Unique Waste Heat Recovery System for age of intensity from waste gas at
Vishnupuram Cement Plant was authorized amid November 2004, for a limit of 7.7 MW of
intensity. The organization through its Special Purpose vehicle M/s Coromandel Electric Co
Ltd has dispatched a (gas based) hostage control plant at Ramanathapuram for a limit of 18.4
40
MW and the equivalent has begun providing power from the long stretch of November 2004.

•2005 – The Company has effectively finished a value issue in the universal market amid
October 2005 by issuing 25,614,796 Global Depositary Shares (GDSs) at USD 4.3226 for
every GDS, (every gd speaking to 2 fundamental value offers of Rs 10 each) and raised a
measure of Rs 497 crores including a premium of Rs 446 crores.

•2006 – The Company has issued unbound Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2011
(FCCBs) for US $75 Million to financial specialists outside India at an underlying change
cost of Rs.305.57 per share.

•2007 – The Hon'ble High Court of Judicature at Madras vide its request dated 25th July
2007 authorized the Scheme of amalgamation of Visaka Cement Industry Limited with The
India Cements. The Company has changed over the Sankari plant from wet procedure to dry
process and charged the plant. The Company has secretly set 2,07,89,000 value shares at a
cost of Rs.285/ – per share (counting premium of Rs.275/ – per share) by method for
Qualified Institutional Placement in December 2007.

•2008 – The Company has resuscitated its delivery business with the buy of two boats (dry
mass bearers) with an aggregate limit of 79843 DWT. The Company has effectively offered
for the Chennai establishment of the DLF– IPL 20/20 Cricket Tournament –
?óÔé¼?ôChennai Super Kings?óôé¼?ø. The Company has finished and initiated business
creation of one million ton granulating plant at Chennai.

•2009 – The Company has finished and started business generation of one million ton
pounding plant at Parli (Maharashtra). The Company?óôé¼ôäós backup, to be specific,
Trishul Concrete Products has finished and initiated business generation of one lakh Cu.M
prepared blend solid Plant at Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh). The II line of 1.2 MT at Malkapur
was initiated activities from March 2009. The updated limit of oven I to 3000 TPD (1800
TPD) at Vishnupuram began working from April 2009.

•2010 – ICL Financial Services Limited (ICLFSL), the Company?óôé¼ôäós completely

possessed backup, gained 60.89% (counting shares obtained under open offer) of value share
capital of Indo Zinc Limited (IZL). Therefore, IZL turned into an auxiliary of ICLFSL and
41
 extreme backup of the Company in January, 2010. The Corporate office of the organization
was moved in February, 2010 to its own building ?óÔé¼?ôCoromandel Towers?óôé¼?ø at
93, Santhome High Road, Karpagam Avenue, MRC Nagar, Chennai 600 028. The Company
secretly put in March, 2010 2,45,94,000 value shares at a cost of Rs.120.20 per share
(counting premium of Rs.110.20 per share) to Qualified Institutional Buyers. The
Company?óôé¼ôäós cricket establishment ?óÔé¼?ôChennai Super Kings?óôé¼?ø has won
IPL III Trophy in April 2010.

3.3 DIRECTORS’ REPORT

Your Directors have pleasure in presenting their Seventieth Annual Report together with audited accounts for
the year ended 31st March 2017.(Rs. in Crores)

3.4 FINANCIAL RESULTS

2017 2016

Profit before Interest, Depreciation & Exceptional Items 791.88 714.35

Less : Finance costs 370.35 425.99
Less : Depreciation / Amortization 218.02 257.91
Less : Exceptional Items 3.20 0.00
Profit Before Tax 200.31 29.45
Current Tax 60.37 6.40
MAT credit entitlement (27.11) (6.40)
Deferred Tax 29.24 0.00
Profit After Tax 147.81 29.45
Add : Surplus brought forward from last year 826.95 1030.18
Less : Proposed dividend on Equity Capital (including Dividend 36.97 0.00
Distribution Tax)
Less : Transfer to General Reserve 40.00 0.00
Less : Transfer to Depreciation Account 0.00 232.67
Surplus carried forward 887.79 826.95

42
 CHAPTER-IV

DATA ANALYSIS
&
INTERPRETATION

43
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
VALUATION OF FIXED ASSETS OF THE INDIA CEMENT LTD

Works on Relating To Fixed Assets:

1) Historical cost technique in the valuation of settled resources.
2) The settled resources do exclude resources gained at a bargain cum-rent premise
from different Financial Institutions whereon the rent lease paid for the year is charged to
income.
3) Plant and Machinery incorporates the estimation of Air Conditioning Plants at
different units which were exchanged and vested with the Corporation under the exchange
plot. The gross esteem and deterioration subsequently are not isolated without separation
points of interest under the exchange plot. The esteem thereof, be that as it may, is
unimportant.
4) Investments are proposed for long haul and are conveyed at expense. Salary on
speculation is accounted on gathering premise.
5) Capital consumption on resources not claimed by the organization is reflected as an
unmistakable things in capital WIP till the time of culmination and subsequently in the
Fixed resources.
6) The Company assesses the impedance of misfortunes on the settled resources at
whatever point occasions or changes in conditions demonstrate that their conveying sums
may not be recoverable. In the event that such resources are viewed as hindered the
impedance misfortune is then perceived for the sum by which the conveying measure of the
benefits surpasses its recoverable sum, or, in other words of an advantage's net offering
cost and incentive being used. To assess impedance, resources are assembled at the littlest
44
level for which, there are independently identifiable money streams.
7) Fixed resources is balanced in their conveying cost in regard of remote money
exchanges entered before 1-4-2017 and that identified with current resources is perceived
as income or use amid the year.
8) In instance of charged resources, where last settlement of bills with contractual
workers is yet to be affected, capitalization is done on temporary premise subject to
fundamental change in the time of conclusive settlement.

COUNT OF DEPRECIATION:

DETERIORATION STRATEGIES FOR THE INDIA CEMENT LTD IS AS PER

THE FOLLOWING:

1) Depreciation is charged on straight-line strategy according to rates informed by the

Government of India with the exception of where genuine expense does not surpass Rs.
5000 in which case it is charged 100% around the same time. In regard of benefits, where
rate isn't set down, devaluation is given on straight-line strategy under the timetable XIV of
the Companies Act 1956.

2) Depreciation is given on ace rata premise in the year in which the benefit winds up
accessible for utilize.

3) Where the expense of depreciable resources has experienced a change amid the year
because of increment/diminish in long haul liabilities by virtue of trade vacillation, value
modification, change in obligations or comparable elements, the unamortized equalization
of such resource is deteriorated tentatively over leftover life decided based on the rate of
devaluation.

4) Internal electrical wiring, fittings and so forth., are treated as a major aspect of
structures and in that capacity deterioration appropriate to structures is charged
subsequently.

45
 TREND ANALYSIS:

In budgetary examination the course of progress over a time of years is of starting

significance. Time arrangement and pattern investigation of proportion demonstrates the
course of changes. This sort of investigation is especially pertinent to the benefit and
misfortune account. It is fitting that patterns of offers and net salary might be contemplated
in the light of two variables. The general value level that may be found by and by is that
various firms would be appeared at tireless development over time of years yet to get a
genuine pattern of development, the business figure ought to be balanced by an appropriate
list of general costs.

As such, deals figures ought to be flattened for raising value level. Another strategy for
anchoring pattern of development and the one which can be utilized rather than balanced
deals figure or as to keep an eye on them is to arrange and part the yield of physical volume
of the deals communicated in reasonable units of measure. The general value level isn't
considered while examining pattern in development as it can delude administration. They
may turn out to be unduly idealistic in time of flourishing and critical in double periods.

For pattern examination the utilization of file numbers is for the most part upheld, the
system pursued is to dole out the numbers to things of base years and at computed rate
change in every thing of different years in connection to base year. This methodology might
be called as "Settled rate strategy". This edge decides the bearing of upward or descending
and includes the usage of the rate relationship of every announcement thing implies on the
equivalent in the base year. By and large the principal year is taken as the base year. The
figures of the base year are taken as 100 and pattern proportion for alternate years is
ascertained based on first year. Here an endeavor is made to know the development rate in
all out venture and settled resources of THE INDIA CEMENT LTD for a long time that is
2006-07to2009-10.

46
GROWTH RATE IN FIXED ASSETS:
Table:1

YEAR FIXEDASSETS (IN CR) TREND

PERCENTAGE

2013-14 1718.84 100.00

2014-15 2669.20 110.06
2015-16 3844.65 124.43
2016-17 4129.53 132.36

Figure:1

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500
FIXEDASSETS (IN CR)
2000
TREND PERCENTAGE
1500

1000

500

0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

GROWTH RATE IN FIXED ASSETS

INTERPRETATION:
The table-1 and figure-1 demonstrates that the interests in settled resources are expanding.
So this is a decent sign for development of the organization. At the point when contrasted
with 2013-2017 it is been persistently expanded in the proportion 100 percent to 132.36%

47
RATIO ANALYSIS:
Proportion examination is an intense device of budgetary investigation. A proportion is
characterized as the demonstrated Quotient of two numerical articulations and Ratios take a
gander at the connection between individual qualities and relate them to how an
organization has performed previously, and might perform in the future.The outright
bookkeeping figure announced in budgetary proclamation does not give an important
comprehension of the execution and money related position of the firm. Proportions assist
us with summarizing huge amounts of money related information and to make subjective
judgment about association's monetary execution.
1. FIXED ASSETS TO NET WORTH RATIO :
This proportion builds up the connection between settled resources and total assets . Total
assets = share capital + stores and surplus + held income Fixed resources for total assets
proportion = Fixed resources/Net worth
The proportion of "Settled resources" to "Total assets" shows the degree to which investors
reserves are sunk into the settled resources. By and large, investors should back for
Buying settled resources and value including the stores and surpluses and held profit. In the
event that the proportion is under 100% it suggests that proprietor's assets are more than
aggregate settled resources and the investor give a piece of working capital.
At the point when the proportion is over 100% it suggests that proprietor's assets are not
adequate to back the settled resources and lender needs to rely on outcasts to fund the settled
resources. There is no "Dependable guideline" to translate yet 60%-65% is viewed as
agreeable proportion in the event of modern endeavor.

Table-2

YEAR NETFIXED ASSETS NET WORTH RATIO IN %

2013-14 981.92 1.75

1718.84
2014-15 1330.10 2.01
2669.20
2015-16 1540.24 2.50
3844.65
2016-17 1300.25 3.18
4129.53

48
Figure-2

6000

5000

4000 RATIO IN %
CAPITAL EMPLOYED
3000
NETFIXED ASSETS
2000 YEAR

1000

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

FIXED ASSETS TO NET WORTH RATIO

INTERPRETATION:
The table-2 and figure-2 demonstrates a constant increment in total assets and settled
resources. This demonstrates the attractive position of the organization.
1. FIXED ASSET RATIO:

This proportion clarifies whether the firm has raised sufficient long haul store to meet its
settled resources required and is figured as under:

= Fixed resources (after devaluation) Capital utilized

This proportion gives a thought with respect to what part of the capital utilized has been
utilized in obtaining the settled resources for the worry. On the off chance that the
proportion is under 1 it is useful for the worry.

Capital employed=shareholders subsidize + Long-Term borrowings Fixed resources (after

deterioration)/Capital Employed

49
Table-3

YEAR NETFIXED ASSETS CAPITAL EMPLOYED RATIO IN %

2013-14 1718.84 936.18 1.84

2014-15 2669.20 1284.36 2.08
2015-16 3844.65 1494.50 2.57

2016-17 4129.53 1254.51 3.29

Figure-3

4500
4000
3500
3000
NETFIXED ASSETS
2500
CAPITAL EMPLOYED
2000
RATIO IN %
1500
1000
500
0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

FIXED ASSET RATIO:

INTERPRETATION
The table-3 and figure-3 demonstrates development in settled resources acceptable position
of settled resources in the aggregate capital utilized in the organization. The most elevated
percent 3.29 recorded in the year 2016-2017. That demonstrates the situation of the
organization is agreeable.

50
1. FIXED ASSETS AS A PERCENTAGE TO CURRENT LIABILITIES:

The proportion estimates the connection between settled resources and the financed
obligations and is extremely valuable to the long haul erection. The proportion can be
ascertained as Fixed resources as a percent of current liabilities = Fixed Assets/Current
liabilities

ADD UP TO ASSETS TURN OVER RATIO:

The proportion is ascertained by separating the net deals by the estimation of aggregate
resources that is (net deals/add up to speculation) or (deals/add up to investment).A high
proportion is a pointer of over exchanging of aggregate resources while a low proportion
uncovers inert limit. The customary standard for the proportion is two times.
Add up to Assets= Net deals/Total resources
Table-4

YEAR SALES INVESTMENT RATIO IN %

2013-14 3440.32 47.83 71.93

2014-15 4292.07 61.78 69.47
2015-16 5020.63 51.43 97.62
2016-17 5750.72 65.82 87.37

Figure-4

6000

5000

4000
RATIO IN %
3000 INVESTMENT
SALES
2000

1000

0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
51
 TOTAL INVESTMENT TURN OVER RATIO:

INTERPRETATION
From the table-4 and figure-4 we can see that deals had an expansion Investment changes
from 2008-2011 that implies the organization position is attractive.

SETTLED ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO:

The proportion communicates the no. of times settled resources are being turned over in an
expressed period.
It is figured under.
Settled Assets Turnover Ratio=Sales/Net settled resources (after devaluation)
This proportion indicates how well the settled resources are being utilized in business. The
proportion is imperative if there should be an occurrence of assembling concern since deals
are delivered by utilization of current resources as well as by sum put resources into settled
resources the higher proportion, the better is the execution. Then again, a low proportion
shows that settled resources are not being adequately used.
Table-5
YEAR SALES(cr) NETFIXED RATIO IN %
ASSETS(cr)
2013-14 3440.32 1718.84 2.00
2014-15 4292.07 2669.20 1.61
2015-16 5020.63 3844.65 1.31
2016-17 5750.72 4129.53 1.39

Figure-5

10000
9000
8000
7000
6000 RATIO IN %
5000 NETFIXED
4000 SALES(cr)
3000
2000
1000
0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
52
SETTLED ASSETS TURN OVER RATIO:
INTERPRETATION
The table-5 and figure-5 indicates increments in settled resources turnover from 2013-2017.
This demonstrates the ideal position of the organization.
PROFIT FOR TOTAL ASSETS:
Profit for aggregate assets= Profit after expense/Total resources
This proportion is figured to quantify the benefit after expense against put resources into
aggregate advantages for determine whether resources are being used appropriately or not.
The higher the proportion the better it is for the worry.
Table-6
YEAR PROFIT AFTER TOTAL RATIO IN %
TAX(cr) ASSETS(cr)
2013-14 641.80 2972.92 0.22
2014-15 520.99 3992.67 0.13

2015-16 648.29 5753.21 0.11

2016-17 120.24 6453.10 0.02

Figure-6

7000

6000

5000
RATIO IN %
4000
TOTAL
3000
PROFIT AFTER
2000

1000

0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

RETURN ON FIXED ASSETS

53
INTERPRETATION
The table-6 and figure-6 demonstrates increment in benefit 2014-2017 benefit has gone up.
This demonstrates the good position of the organization

CHAPTER-V
FINDINGS, SUGGESTION,CONCLUSION &
BIBLIOGRAPHY

54
FINDINGS
In the wake of dissecting the money related position of THE INDIA CEMENT
LTD and assessing its settled resources administration or capital planning
procedures in regard of pattern investigation and proportion examination. The
accompanying ends are made.

• The advancement of THE INDIA CEMENT LTD demonstrates that there is

an expansion in Net square impressively throughout the year that the interest in
the net square is in increment slant .It expanded amid the year 2014-17 and it has
69.80%.

• Regarding to the settled advantages for total assets proportion demonstrates

a persistent increment in total assets and settled resources. This demonstrates the
acceptable position of the organization.

• Regarding the long haul assets to settled resources they demonstrate an

expansion. It delights that long haul reserves are contributed on settled resources
which demonstrates a stabled monetary administration of the organization.

• Regarding the aggregate venture turnover proportion it is watched deals had

an expansion.

• Regarding the Fixed Asset turnover proportion, deals had an expanded. It

demonstrates that there is a development in the piece of the pie of the organization.

• Regarding the Return on aggregate resources proportion it has been seen

that There is benefit. This demonstrates the great position of the organization.

• From the above investigation it very well may be said that THE INDIA
CEMENT LTD generally speaking monetary position on settled resources is
palatable.

55
SUGGESTION

• It is proposed to enhance the situation of the organization by viable's usage of

settled resources.

• Growth rate in settled resources can be increment by presenting most recent

systems of generation by utilizing greater speculation.

• Globalization of economies and the necessity of offers from speculators in

capital market, assorted and requesting group of onlookers to the organization,
require a reasonable and inside and out in data about the organization's money
related position including venture on settled resources in Annual report.

56
 CONCLUSION
The Fixed resource administration of THE INDIA CEMENT LTD is very alright
with a prudent blend of obligation and value. The general appraisal of money
related articulation implies proficient usage of the ventures, made as settled
resources. The productivity of the organization gives off an impression of being
noteworthy, as made a decision by increment available for later and overflow. The
administration exchanges and examination by Director's report and sentiments
communicated by Auditor's report through settled resource administration
proclamations is valid and reasonable view as per the arrangements of the
organizations Acts, and Accounting norms. The by and large settled resource
administration of the organization gives off an impression of being more than
acceptable.

57
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Khan, M Y and P K Jain (2007), Financial

Management,Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.

2. I M Pandey(1995), Essentials of Financial Management, Vikas Publishing

House Pvt Ltd, New Delhi.

3. Ramesh, S and A Gupta(1995), Venture Capital and the Indian

Financial Sector, Oxford university press, New Delhi.

4. Jain, P K , Josette peyrard and Surendra S Yadav(1998), International

Financial Management, Macmillan India Ltd, New Delhi.

5. Prasanna Chandra(2007), Financial Management, Tata McGraw-Hill

Publishing Co., New Delhi.

WEBSITES:

www.theindiacement ltd.com
www.indiancements.com
www.fixedassectsmanagement.com
www.googlefinance.com

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