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COMPONENTS OF GIS
(Geographic Information System)
CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITION OF GIS
• COMPONENTS OF GIS
• AREA OF GIS APPLICATIONS
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION
We use a word processor to write documents and
deal with words on a computer, similarly we can use a
GIS application to deal with spatial information on a
computer. GIS stands for ‘Geographic Information
System’.
Telogis : Geobase
DATA
The most important component of a
GIS is the data. Geographic data
and related tabular data can be
collected in-house, compiled to
custom specifications and
requirements, or occasionally
purchased from a commercial data
provider.
A GIS can integrate spatial data
with other existing data resources,
often stored in a corporate DBMS.
The integration of spatial data, and
tabular data stored in a DBMS is a
The ability of GIS to handle and process
geographically referenced data, distinguish GIS from
other Information systems. Geographically
referenced data describe both the location and
characteristics of spatial feature on earth surface.
GIS therefore involves two geographic data
components.
1. Spatial Data :Spatial data describes the absolute
and relative location of geographic feature. It relate
to the geometry of a spatial feature.
2.Attribute Data: Attribute data describes
characteristics of spatial features. Attribute data are
often referred to as tabular data. It gives information
about the spatial features.
Spatial Data
Contour lines :
Interpolation based on proportional
distance between adjacent contours is
used. TIN is also used.
Profile :
Profiles are observed perpendicular to
an alignment or a curve such as high
ways. In case the alignment is a
straight line, grid points will be
interpolated. In case the alignment is
a curve, TIN will be generated.
People
Websites
◦ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_s
ystem
◦ http://giswin.geo.tsukuba.ac.jp/sis/tutorial/Fundament
als_of_GIS_Estoque.pdf
◦ http://wtlab.iis.u-
tokyo.ac.jp/~wataru/lecture/rsgis/giswb/vol1/contents.
htm