Pamantasan ng Cabuyao

Lecture Handouts for SPEECH

2nd Semester, SY 2018-2019

Midterm Coverage

I. The Nature and Process of Listening

II. The Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
III. The Speech

I. The Nature and Process of Listening

 Listening is a skill that has to be practiced, developed and properly trained
 Characteristics of effective listening
o Selective
o Purposeful
 Informative
 Entertainment
 Critical or evaluative
 Empathic
o Attentive
 Factors that impede the listening process
o Weak extrinsic motivation
o Personal constraints
o Environmental constraints
o Poor timing
 Barriers to effective listening
o Internal interference
o External interference
o Speaker-generated variables
o Language and cultural barriers
 Kinds of listening
o Listening for information
o Listening for ideas
o Overt or covert
o Receptive or antagonistic
o Evaluative or passive
o Communicative or expressive
o Informed or unprepared
 Improving one’s listening habits
o Don’t concentrate only on what is being said, but also on how something is said
o Don’t prejudge the speaker
o Listen with your entire body
o Block out distractions
o Don’t fake attention

II. The Use of the IPA or the International Phonetic Alphabet. (Please see additional/separate pages.)
III. The Speech
 For a speaker to succeed, he must first be well-prepared.
o The personal goal
o The general goal
 To inform
 To inspire
 To induce belief
 To move to action
 To entertain
o Goal and response
 Speaker goal Listener response
To inform to learn
To inspire to feel inspired
To induce belief to be convinced
To move to action to do what is urged
To entertain to enjoy
o The specific goal
 Choosing the subject and limiting the subject
 Gathering materials
 Organizing the speech outline
o Introduction
o Body
o Conclusion
 How to prepare for table topic
o Use your stock knowledge saying, quotes, proverbs and Bible verses
o Draw on your personal experience whenever possible
o Make careful, relevant use of humor
 Topic development strategies
o The PREP outline
 State your Position
 Give your Reason
 Cite Examples
 Restate your Position

I have always believed that English matters more than Math.

First of all, English is used in job interviews, not Math. You are not asked Mathematical
equations in an interview, you are asked to speak in English.
Secondly, if you have a Mathematical problem, you can always consult a calculator,
which means that there is no need for you to memorize the multiplication table. But if you have
a grammar problem, you cannot just consult the dictionary, which means that there is a need for
you to study English because it matters more.
Finally, Math is not the language used to teach English. But English is the language used
to teach Math, which makes it superior.
So I concur with my first statement, English matters, not Math.
 The SMG outline
 Tell a Story
 State the Message (or lesson learned)
 End with the Gain (or how you benefited from the lesson)

One morning, my younger daughter, Thea, was playing. She was jumping all over the
place doing naughty things that kids usually do. Suddenly she fell from the chair she was jumping
on. She did not get hurt but was surprised with what happened. I told her, “Careful, baby. Wag
shunga-shunga”. Later in the day, her father was getting ready to leave for work. As she kissed
him, she suddenly said, “Careful, Papa. Wag shunga-shunga”. My husband and I burst out
laughing at her precociousness. We were surprised that a reminder like that would come from
our three-year old.
Then of course, I realized that I should be careful with my words when I’m around her.
She could easily pick up expressions – even those with negative meaning – and use it like it was
something good.
Right after that incident, I avoided negative and bad words when I am around my kids.

o The PPF outline

 Review the Past
 Relate the Present
 Bridge to the Future

Ever since I was small, I had wanted to become a teacher. My siblings and I would
play “teacher teacher-an” and I would be the strict teacher and they would be my naughty
students. When I enrolled in college, my parents forced me to take up Accountancy. I hated
numbers and eventually flunked two major subjects. Then I shifted to English since I love the
sound of it.
Right now, I am still in the teaching profession, counting the years I have been
discussing grammar, literature, and speech. I do not regret dropping my Accountancy course.
I still see myself teaching until the end of my last days on earth, primarily helping out
my daughters in the English assignments, as well as all the other aspiring college students of
Pamantasan ng Cabuyao.

o The 3-point plan

 Tell them what you’re going to tell them
 Tell them
 Tell them what you just told them

There are three disadvantages of modern transportation.

First, it’s always crowded. The long queues turn you off from lining up and getting your
card as a means to get on the ride. I mean, lining up takes you longer than the actual ride.
Second, it’s expensive. In short, you really have to pay the price of travelling
conveniently.
Third and last, you don’t get to enjoy the scenery. The ride zooms in a fraction of an hour
and you don’t have enough time to appreciate beauty around you.
Those are three disadvantages of modern transportation.

END OF MIDTERM DISCUSSION