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In 1982, on the one-hundredth anniversary of Robert Koch's presentation, the.”[5] World TB

Day was not officially recognized as an annual occurrence by WHO's World Health
Assembly and the United Nations until over a decade later.

In the fall of 1995, WHO and the Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Foundation (KNCV)
hosted the first World TB Day advocacy planning meeting in Den Haag, Netherlands; an
event they would continue co-sponsor over the next few years.[6] In 1996, WHO, KNCV, the
IUATLD and other concerned organizations joined to conduct a wide range of World TB Day
activities.

For World TB Day 1997, WHO held a news conference in Berlin during which WHO
Director-General Hiroshi Nakajima declared that "DOTS is the biggest health breakthrough
of this decade, according to lives we will be able to save."[7] WHO's Global TB Programme
Director, Dr. Arata Kochi, promised that, "Today the situation of the global TB epidemic is
about to change, because we have made a breakthrough. It is the breakthrough of health
management systems that makes it possible to control TB not only in wealthy countries, but
in all parts of the developing world, where 95 percent of all TB cases now exist."[8]

. The spread of disease is the one global problem for which . . . no nation is immune."[11]

In Canada, the National Collaborating Centre for Determinants of Health noted on World TB
Day 2014 that 64% of TB cases reported nationally were among foreign-born individuals and
23% among Aboriginal people, highlighting TB as a key area of concern about health equity.[
The facility—located in Yancheng's industrial park—was operated by Tianjiayi Chemical,
and was used to produce fertilizer[2] or pesticides.[3] According to The Guardian newspaper,
the plant produced organic chemicals, including some highly flammable compounds.[3] The
South China Morning Post reported that Tianjiayi Chemical had previously been penalized
six times for infractions of pollution and waste management laws,[1] and China Daily reported
fines over safety issues.[3]

On November 27, 2007, an explosion occurred in one of the chemical factories in

Chenjianggang Chemical Zone, with 7 killed and many injured.[4][5] On November 23, 2010,
more than thirty were poisoned by a toxic gas release.[6] On the morning of February 10,
2011, rumors [zh] of toxic chemical release and potential eminent explosions in the
Chenjiagang Chemical Industry Park led to panic in the towns of Chenjiagang and
Shuanggang, causing the death of four people.[7] On May 18 and July 26, 2011, there were
explosions at local factories that lead to casualties.[8]

Explosion

The explosion occurred at a local time of 14:48[9][10] (06:48 GMT). It is reported to have
killed 64 people,[1] and left at least 94 severely injured,[1] 32 of whom were critically
injured.[3] Around 640 people required hospital treatment and were taken to 16
hospitals.[11][12][3] The injured included children at a local kindergarten.[3] CENC detected an
ML2.2 artificial earthquake whose epicenter is at 34.331°N 119.724°E.[10][13]

The force of the blast started numerous fires in Yancheng, knocked down several buildings,
and reportedly destroyed windows several kilometers away.[2] The fire was reported to have
been controlled by 03:00 local time.[12] Considerable damage was caused to nearby factories
and offices;[14] the roof of Henglida Chemical Factory, 3 km from the explosion, fell in.[12] At
least one of the people killed was in another building destroyed by the blast.[1] Windows are
reported to have been blown out up to 6 km away from the explosion, and houses and other
buildings were damaged in the nearby village-level administrative divisions including Hai'an
(Haianju) (海安社区) and Shadang (沙荡社区).[14]

Aftermath

The search for survivors is continuing as of 23 March;[14] one survivor was rescued from the
site on the morning of 23 March, but around 28 people remain missing.[1] According to the
Jiangsu environmental protection bureau, the monitored levels of benzene, toluene and
xylene in the area were not abnormal, and levels of acetone and chloroform outside the
explosion area were within normal limits.[3]

The precise cause of the explosion is not yet known.[1][12] There were no reports of anything
abnormal at the plant before the explosion.[12] A worker at the plant has reported the cause as
a fire in a natural gas tanker that spread to benzol storage tank,[14] but this has not been
confirmed.
12]

Today the Stop TB Partnership, a network of organizations and countries fighting TB (the
IUATLD is a member and WHO houses the Stop TB Partnership secretariat in Geneva),
organizes the Day to highlight the scope of the disease and how to

The Emesa helmet (also known as the Homs helmet) is a Roman cavalry helmet from the
early first century AD. It consists of an iron head piece and face mask, the latter of which is
covered in a sheet of silver and presents the individualised portrait of a face, likely its owner.
Decorations, some of which are gilded, adorn the head piece. Confiscated by Syrian police
soon after looters discovered it amidst a complex of tombs in the modern-day city of Homs in
1936, eventually the helmet was restored thoroughly at the British Museum, and is now in the
collection of the National Museum of Damascus. It has been exhibited internationally,
although as of 2017, due to the Syrian Civil War, the more valuable items owned by the
National Museum are hidden in underground storage.

Hydnum repandum, commonly known as the sweet tooth, wood hedgehog or hedgehog
mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus of the family Hydnaceae. First described by Carl
Linnaeus in 1753, it is the type species of the genus Hydnum. The fungus produces fruit
bodies (mushrooms) that are characterized by their spore-bearing structures—in the form of
spines rather than gills—which hang down from the underside of the cap. The cap is dry,
colored yellow to light orange to brown, and often develops an irregular shape, especially
when it has grown closely crowded with adjacent fruit bodies. The mushroom tissue is white
with a pleasant odor and a spicy or bitter taste. All parts of the mushroom stain orange with
age or when bruised.
A mycorrhizal fungus, Hydnum repandum is broadly distributed in Europe, Asia and western
North America, where it fruits singly or in close groups in coniferous or deciduous woodland.
This is a choice edible species, although mature specimens can develop a bitter taste. It has
no poisonous lookalikes. Mushrooms are collected and sold in local markets of Europe and
Canada.

Contents
First officially described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 Species Plantarum, Hydnum
repandum was sanctioned by Swedish mycologist Elias Fries in 1821.[7] The species has been
shuffled to several genera: Hypothele by French naturalist Jean-Jacques Paulet in 1812;
Dentinum by British botanist Samuel Frederick Gray in 1821; Tyrodon by Finnish mycologist
Petter Karsten in 1881; Sarcodon by French naturalist Lucien Quélet in 1886.[6] After a 1977
nomenclatural proposal by American mycologist Ronald H. Petersen[8] was accepted,
Hydnum repandum became the official type species of the genus Hydnum. Previously,
supporting arguments for making H. repandum the type were made by Dutch taxonomist
Marinus Anton Donk (1958)[9] and Petersen (1973),[10] while Czech mycologist Zdeněk
Pouzar (1958)[11] and Canadian mycologist Kenneth Harrison (1971) thought that
H. imbricatum should be the type.[12]

Several forms and varieties of H. repandum have been described. Forms albidum and
rufescens, found in Russia, were published by T.L. Nikolajeva in 1961;[13] the latter taxon is
synonymous with H. rufescens.[14] Form amarum, published from Slovenia by Zlata Stropnik,
Bogdan Tratnik and Garbrijel Seljak in 1988,[15] is illegitimate as per article 36.1 of the
International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, as it was not given a
sufficiently comprehensive description. French botanist Jean-Baptiste Barla described
H. repandum var. rufescens in 1859.[16] English naturalist Carleton Rea described the white-
fruit bodied version as a variety—

The orange-, yellow- or tan-colored pileus (cap) is up to 17 cm (6.7 in) wide, although
specimens measuring 25 cm (10 in) have been documented. It is generally somewhat
irregular in shape (it may be convex or concave at maturity), with a wavy margin that is
rolled inward when young.[25] Caps grow in a distorted shape when fruit bodies are closely
clustered.[26] The cap surface is generally dry and smooth, although mature specimens may
show cracking.[25] Viewed from above, the caps of mature specimens resemble somewhat
those of chanterelles.[27] The flesh is thick, white, firm, brittle, and bruises yellow to orange-
brown. The underside is densely covered with small, slender whitish spines measuring 2–
7 mm (0.1–0.3 in) long.[25] These spines sometimes run down at least one side of the stipe.[23]
The stipe, typically 3–10 cm (1.2–3.9 in) long and 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) thick, is either white
or the same color as the cap, and is sometimes off-center.[25] It is easy to overlook the
mushrooms when they are situated amongst gilled mushrooms and boletes, because the cap
and stipe are fairly nondescript and the mushrooms must be turned over to reveal their
spines.[28] The pure white variety of this species, H. repandum var. album, is smaller than the
main variety, with a cap measuring 2–7 cm (0.8–2.8 in) wide and a stipe that is 1–3 cm (0.4–
1.2 in) long.[20]
The spore print is pale cream. Spores are smooth, thin-walled and hyaline (translucent),
roughly spherical to broadly egg-shaped, and measure 5.5–7.5 by 4.5–5.5 µm. They usually
contain a single, large refractive oil droplet. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-
shaped, four-spored, and measure 30–45 by 6–10 µm. The cap cuticle is a trichodermium
(where the outermost hyphae emerge roughly parallel, like hairs, perpendicular to the cap
surface) of narrow, club-shaped cells that are 2.5–4 µm wide. Underneath this tissue is the
subhymenial layer of interwoven hyphae measuring 10–20 µm in diameter. The spine tissue
is made of narrow (2–5 µ

Ornately designed yet highly functional, the helmet was probably intended for both parades
and battle. Its delicate covering is too fragile to have been put to use during cavalry
tournaments, but the thick iron core would have defended against blows and arrows. Narrow
slits for the eyes, with three small holes underneath to allow downward sight, sacrificed
vision for protection; roughly cut notches below each eye suggest a hastily made