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dlorenzoc Go
Member Hi, I have some doubts regarding the way Caesar II computes the code Advanced
stress.
Registered: Who's Online
02/04/08 According with the Quick Reference Guide:
Posts: 9 1 registered
Loc: Buenos Aires 1) If FAC = 1.0 (fully restrained pipe) (Mrragpicker), 8
Argentina
FAC*abs(E a dT uShoop) + Shoop < 0.9(Syield) (OPE) Guests and 3 Spiders
online.
2) If FAC = 0.001 (buried, but soil restraints modeled) Key: Admin, Global Mod,
Fax/A uShoop + Sb + Shoop < 0.9(Syield) (OPE) Mod
3) If FAC = 0 (fully above ground) March
Slp + Fax/A +Sb + Shoop < 0.9(Syield) (OPE) Su M Tu W Th F Sa
The formula in 1) is the same shown in the code, but i don´t 1 2
understand how is derived the formula in point 2). 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Also i can´t see from wich part of the code is derived formula in point 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
3). Furthermore, I'm performing a stress analysis of a scraper trap line,
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
and the code stress computed for above ground pipe is: Slp+Sb and the
allowables are zero. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Also allowables are zero for under ground pipe with soil restraints 31
modeled.
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I hope anyone can clarify this.
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Diego Lorenzo
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Top Reply Quote Quick Reply Quick Quote Notify Email Post 05/09/18 04:29 PM
Re: B31.4 allowables [Re: dlorenzoc] #30331 10/01/09 01:46 PM
Richard Ay
The Codes provide an equation for the longitudinal stress of fully
Member restrained lines: Sl = E * alpha * (t2t1) – v * Shoop
For a given pressure, temperatures, and material characteristics, this
Registered:
12/13/99 produces a constant value of Sl. The geometry, soil properties, and
Posts: 5910 other characteristics of the piping system are irrelevant, as long as the
Loc: Houston,
Texas, USA
system is “fully restrained†.
The Codes also state that “the net longitudinal stress becomes
compressive for moderate increases of t2 and that according to the
commonly used maximum shear theory of failure, this compressive
stress adds directly to the hoop stress to increase the equivalent tensile
stress available to cause yielding. As specified in paragraph 402.3.2(c),
this equivalent tensile stress shall not be allowed to exceed 90% of
yield†. This leads to the first equation found in the CAESAR II Quick
Reference Guide for B31.4 and Z662 [note that adding “E * alpha *
(t2t1) – v * Shoop†to “Shoop†makes the equation “Sl
= E * alpha * (t2t1) + (1 – v) * Shoop†].
The equation provided in the “Help System†for FAC is a
summarization of what happens in the pipe, for less than 100% restraint
(if that is possible). In that case we “blend†the
“restrained†calculation with the “unrestrainedâ€
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12/03/2019 B31.4 allowables - Intergraph CADWorx & Analysis
calculation, according to the degree of restraint (indicated by
“FAC†). For unrestrained pipe (i.e., FAC = 0.0) the first term
(discussed in 1 above) disappears, while for restrained pipe (FAC = 1.0)
the second term goes to zero. If the user wants, for some reason, to
indicate less than 100% restraint then we suspect that some bending
stresses will come into play (however we do not recommend doing such
a thing).
Note that there is a special case (FAC = 0.001) that indicates that the
model has passed through the buried pipe modeler, so degree of
restraint will be less than 100%, and based upon the stiffness of soil
restraints. In this case there will be a combination of axial and bending
stresses – CAESAR II will calculate stresses and allowable in a form
similar to that described in (1) above whenever the net axial force is
compression (which is the underlying intent of the restrained equation).
_________________________
Regards,
Richard Ay
Hexagon PPM (CAS)
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Re: B31.4 allowables [Re: Richard Ay] #30332 10/01/09 03:51 PM
dlorenzoc
Member Richard, first of all thank you four your quick reply. I wanto to apologize
for posting the same thread two times, that was due to internet
Registered:
02/04/08 problems.
Posts: 9
Let me confirm if i understood your explanation:
Loc: Buenos Aires
Argentina If FAC = 1.0, then:
E*alpha*(T2T1)+(1v)*Shoop < 0.9 Syield
If FAC = 0.0, then:
Slp + Fax/A + Sb < 0.9 Syield , (if Slp + Fax/A is compressive).
This means that if this stress is not compressive the allowables are
zero?
I'm still confused about the case when the model is buried. I call the
stress extended report and I´m looking at the Static Output Processor
Stress Extended Report and can´t find the way to combine the stress
in order to obtain the code stress computed by Caesar.
Another question..supose that part of the line under analysis is buried
and the soil is modeled. Do i have to indicate the value FAC = 1.0 where
i consider the line fully restrained?
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Re: B31.4 allowables [Re: dlorenzoc] #30334 10/01/09 06:19 PM
Richard Ay
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12/03/2019 B31.4 allowables - Intergraph CADWorx & Analysis
In general, you cannot take the component stresses (axial, bending,
Member etc) and determine the Code Stress.
Registered:
Actually if you use the "buried modeler", you want to leave FAC set to
12/13/99
Posts: 5910 0.0001 so that CAESAR II determines restrained versus unrestrained.
Loc: Houston, However, if you want to force the issue, yes you can reset the value of
Texas, USA FAC. Just be aware this is a "duplicated" value just like everything else
on the "Allowable Stress" dialog.
_________________________
Regards,
Richard Ay
Hexagon PPM (CAS)
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