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Chapter 2
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of this chapter the student will be able to:
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2 System Description
Table of Contents
Topic Page
NETWORK HARDWARE....................................................................... 9
AIR INTERFACE.................................................................................. 15
FREQUENCY ALLOCATION..................................................................................... 15
CHANNEL CONCEPT ............................................................................................... 15
LOGICAL CHANNELS............................................................................................... 15
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NETWORK HARDWARE
Every cellular system has hardware that is specific to it and each
piece of hardware has a specific function. Ericsson’s GSM
systems comply with the GSM standard, with the addition of
Ericsson specific improvements.
Switching System SS
AUC ILR MXE
MIN
HLR EIR
GMSC
SOG
SMS-GMSC
SMS-IWMSC BGW
MSC/
DTI
VLR
Information transmission
Call connections and BTS
information transmission
MS
SS
AUC ILR
HLR EIR
GMSC
SMS-GMSC
SMS-IWMSC
MSC/
DTI
VLR
BSC
BTS
BSC
The Base Station Controller (BSC) is the central point of the
BSS. The BSC can manage the entire radio network and
performs the following functions:
BTS
The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) includes all radio and
transmission interface equipment needed in one cell. The
Ericsson name for the BTS is Radio Base Station (RBS). The
Ericsson RBS corresponds to the equipment needed on one site
rather than one cell. Each BTS operates at one or several pairs of
frequencies. One frequency of each pair is used to transmit
signals to the mobile station and the other is used to receive
signals from the mobile station. For this reason at least one
transmitter and one receiver is needed.
RBS 200
The RBS 200 Base Station family was the first Ericsson GSM
base station developed in the early 1990’s. It exists only in the
GSM 900/1800 product line. The RBS 200/204 is the GSM 900
BTS, and the RBS 205 is the BTS supporting GSM 1800.
RBS 2000
The RBS 2000 Base Station family is the second generation of
base stations from Ericsson and can be used for GSM 900/1800
and GSM 1900. There are six different models in the series:
AIR INTERFACE
FREQUENCY ALLOCATION
Figure 2-1 (shown earlier) lists the band allocations for each of
the different GSM based networks.
CHANNEL CONCEPT
The carrier separation in GSM is 200 kHz. That yields 124
carriers in the GSM 900 band. Since every carrier can be shared
by eight MSs, the number of channels is 124 times eight = 992
channels. These are called physical channels. The corresponding
number of carriers for GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 are 374 and
299, respectively.
LOGICAL CHANNELS
On every physical channel, a number of logical channels are
mapped. Each logical channel is used for specific purposes, e.g.,
paging, call set-up signaling or speech.
Control channels
Nine different types of control channels are used.
The SDCCH can be mapped together with the BCCH and CCCH
on TS 0. This is called a SDCCH/4. TS 1 can then be used as a
TCH. In this way we increase the capacity on the traffic
channels, but the capacity will decrease on the SDCCH. This
mapping is useful in cells with only one carrier
BCCH + CCCH FS B C FS C C FS D0 D1 FS D2 D3 FS A0 A1 -
+ 4 SDCCH/4
(downlink) FS B C FS C C FS D0 D1 FS D2 D3 FS A2 A3 -
BCCH + CCCH D3 RR A2 A3 RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR R D0 D1 RR D2
+ 4 SDCCH/4
(uplink) D3 RR A0 A1 RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR R D0 D1 RR D2
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