EN642/302 Power Generation and Systems Planning

ASSIGNMENT #3

All problems are solved examples from “Power Plant Engineering” by P. K. Nag. Please go
through the problems before seeing the solutions. It will be useful if you show all the processes
in a diagram and also draw corresponding T-s diagram.

1. Steam at 40 bar, 500 °C flowing at the rate of 5500 kg/h expands in a high pressure (h.p.)
turbine to 2 bar with an isentropic efficiency of 83%. A continuous supply of steam at 2
bar, 0.87 quality and a flow rate of 2700 kg/h is available from a geothermal energy
source. This steam is mixed adiabatically with the h.p. turbine exhaust steam and the
combined flow then expands in a low pressure turbine to 0.1 bar with an isentropic
efficiency of 78%. Determine the power output and the thermal efficiency of the plant.
Assume that 5500 kg/h of steam is generated in the boiler at 40 bar. 500 °C from the
saturated feedwaterat 0.1 bar.
Had the geothermal steam not been added, what would have been the power output and
efficiency of the plant? Neglect pump work. (Example 2.1)

2. A textile factory requires 10 tonnes/h of steam for process heating at 3 bar saturated and
1000 kW of power, for which a back pressure turbine of 70% internal efficiency is to be
used. Find the steam condition required at inlet of the turbine. (This problem is on co-
generation where steam is being used for a process instead of going to a condenser.)
(Example 2.7)

3. In a cogeneration plant, the power load is 5.6 MW and the heating load is 1.163 MW.
Steam is generated at 40 bar and 500 °Cand is expanded isentropically through a turbine
to a condenser at 0.06 bar. The heating load is supplied by extracting steam from the
turbine at 2 bar, which condensed in the process heater to saturated liquid at 2 bar and
then pumped back to the boiler. Compute (a) the steam generation capacity of the boiler
in t/h, (b) the heat input to the boiler in Kw, (C) the fuel burning rate of the boiler in t/h if
a coal of calorific value 25 MJ/kg is burned and the boiler efficiency is 88%, (d) the heat
rejected to the condenser, (e) the rate of flow of cooling water in the condenser if the
temperature rise of water is 6°C. Neglect pump work. (Example 2.8).

4. A gas turbine power plant consists of a two stages compressor with intercooling and a
single stage turbine with a regenerator. Air enters the compressor at 1 bar, 20 °C. The
maximum temperature of the cycle is limited to 900 °C and the maximum pressure ratio
is 6. The effectiveness of the regenerator is 0.7. The rate of air flow through the plant is
210 kg/s and the calorific value of fuel used is 40.8 MJ/kg. The isentropic efficiency of
both the compressors is 0.82, the isentropic efficiency of the turbine 0.92, the combustion
efficiency is 0.95, the mechanical efficiency is 0.96 and the generator efficiency is 0.95.
Take for air CP = 1.005 kJ/kgK and 𝛾 = 1.4 and for gases CP = 1.08 kJ/kgK and 𝛾 =
1.33. Assuming perfect intercooling and neglecting pressure and heat losses, estimate (a)
the air-fuel ratio (b) the cycle efficiency (c) the power supplied by the plant and (d) the
specific fuel consumption of the plant and the fuel consumption per hour. (Example 11.8)