Digital Assignment - 2

1. Derive an expression for stopping distance in meter of a truck equipped with all wheel brakes in
terms of the coefficient of friction and speed in km per hour.
Calculate the value of µ if the vehicle is stopped in 27.45 m from 64 km/h. If the coefficient of
friction is reduced to 0.3 by rain, what will be the stopping distance? Predict the stopping distance
in either case, if instead of the truck a car weighing a quarter of a truck is used in the experiment.
2. A truck has a wheel base of 4.2 m and weight 66747 N, 75% being of the rear axle. Its center of
gravity is 1.075 m above the ground. If the brakes produce a deceleration of 3.05 m/s 2, find the
weight transferred from the rear to the front axle. Assume brake torque at all wheels to be equal
and wheels to be equal and wheels to be of the same size, what is the braking effort at each
wheel? What is the minimum value of adhesion to permit the above deceleration without
skidding? When the truck is moving on a road with coefficient of adhesion 0.6, what is the
theoretically possible deceleration, assuming all four wheels to lock simultaneously?
3. A motor car has a wheel base of 2.64 m, the height of its CG above the ground is 0.61 m and it is
1.12 m in front of the rear axle. If the car is travelling at 40 km/h on a level track, determine the
minimum distance in which the car may be stopped, when
(a) The rear wheels are braked,
(b) The front wheels are braked, and
(c) All wheels are braked.
The coefficient of friction between tyre and road may be taken as 0.6. Prove any formula if
assumed.
4. A motor car weighs 13341.5 N and has a wheel base of 2.65 m, the height of its CG above the
ground is 0.76 m and it is 1.27 m in behind the of the front axle. Maximum braking on all four
wheels will bring the vehicle uniformly into rest from a speed of 64 km/h in a distance of 25.9 m.
calculate the value of adhesion between tyre and road.
Under the same road condition, the vehicle descends a hill of gradient 1 in 20 and it is braked on
front wheels only. Determine the load distributed between front and rear wheels and the distance
required to bring the car to rest.
5. A goods vehicle of wheel base 4.9 m has its CG 0.76 m above the ground and 3.04 m behind the
front axle. It is travelling on a wet road with a coefficient of adhesion of 0.3 and brakes are fitted
on all wheels. The vehicle is going up an incline given by sin Ɵ=0.1. Determine the ratio of braking
 forces on front and rear wheels if skidding is just avoided. Calculate the stopping distance from
speed of 43.5 km/h, if engine power during retardation is negligible.
6. A motor vehicle with wheel base of 2.46 m and weighing 13600 N has its CG 1.25 m behind the
front axle, and 0.75 m above ground level. The vehicle is fitted with brakes on all four wheels and
the coefficient of adhesion between tyres and road is 0.65. If the vehicle is going up an incline of
angle sin-1 0.1, determine the load distribution between the front and rear wheels and also the
distance at which it can be brought to rest from a speed of 48 km/h when
(i) Only rear wheel brakes are applied, and
(ii) All four wheel brakes are applied.
Prove the formula, if any used.
7. A car weighs 12753 N and has a wheel base of 2.5 m. The center of gravity is 1.2 m in front of rear
axle and 0.8 m above the ground level. The car is having brakes on all four wheels. The coefficient
of adhesion between the road and the wheel is 0.5. If the car is moving up an incline of angle
whose sin is equal to 0.1, calculate
a. Load distribution between rear and front axles,
b. The distance at which it can be stopped while going at a speed of 50 km/h when only rear
brakes are used.
8. A motor cycle has wheel base 1.8 m apart. The centre of gravity of the cycle and rider is 0.6 m
above ground level and 0.74 m in front of the rear axle. The coefficient of friction between the
tyres and the road is 0.65. If the rear wheel is braked, find the greatest deceleration that can be
obtained.
If the cycle is moving in a straight path.
If it is going round a curve of 54 m radius at 64 km/h.
Assume a level road and neglect air resistance. Neglect rotational inertia and obliquity
when turning.
9.
a. A truck of gross weight 186430 N has a wheel base of 4.67 m and a wheel track of 1.88 m.
Its center of gravity is 1.04 m above the ground. The static weight distribution on the front
axle is 36%. Determine the load on each axle when brakes are applied to the point of just
locking all wheels to provide retardation of 4.63 m/s2
b. If the above vehicle travels on unbanked curved track of radius 6.4 m at a speed of 16.24
km/h, calculate the load on the inner and outer wheels.
 c. Find the maximum speed at which the vehicle can negotiate the curve without skidding
laterally. Assume the coefficient of friction the tyre and road as 0.6.
10. Determine the load carried by wheels at the outer and inner sides and the maximum value of
coefficient of adhesion if there is no side slipping when the vehicle weighing 17795 N runs at 96
km/h round a circular path so that the centre of gravity moves in a circuit of 122 m with its wheel
axles at an angle of 12° to the horizontal. Its CG is 1.06 m above the ground level and wheel track
is 1.3 m. Explain forces and couples acting.
11. A car of total weight 19620 N runs at 72 km/h round a curve so that its centre of gravity moves in
a circle of 80 m radius with its wheel axes at an angle of 10° to the horizontal. The centre of gravity
of the car is 1 m above the ground and is midway between the/axles. The diameter of the wheels
is 0.6 m, the wheel track is 1 m and each pair of axle weights 1962 N with radius of gyration of
0.25 m. Determine the normal reactions on each wheel taking into account centrifugal and
gyroscopic effects.
12. In a hydraulic single line braking system force on foot-pedal is 90 N, pedal leverage ratio is 6, cross
sectional area of master cylinder is 5 cm2, cross sectional area of front pistons 25 cm2, cross
sectional area of rear piston 6 cm2, and distance moved by effort is 1 cm.
Calculate,
a. Front-to-rear brake ratio,
b. Percentage of front and rear braking,
c. Total force ratio,
d. Distance moved by output,
e. Cylinder movement ratio, and
f. Total movement ratio.