Formulas
‘Trigonometric formulas
fade nie asin g(a t)cos Fa #0)
cosa + cosb = 200s (a +b) eos 3(a~b) cosa eos = 2sin 3(a-+8)sin 3(6— )
sina cosb = 5(sin(a ~ 8) + sin(a+5))
1 1
sina sinb = 5(cos(a —) — cos(a +2)) cos.a cos = 5(cos(a—#) + cos(a + b))
sin(a +t 5) = sinacosb+t cosasinb cos(a + 5) = cosacos b sinasinb
Eonrier series
Fourier series of f(x) defined on [-L, —L): oo + (an cos(remz/L) + bn sin(r/L))
nl
where a, = re F(a) cos(nmz/L)dz, ba = if J (a) sin(nma/L)de
Fourier cosine series (2 € [0, L]} 4a + Yt co8(na/) where ay = 3 af S(a) cos(nnz/L)de
nat
Fourier sine series (2 € [0,£]): Sb, sin(nez/L) where bs = i f f(z) sin(nae/E)de.
=
Solution for wave equation with a source “ Roww- ae oS
u(z,t) = Foes) +o e ge po W(s)ds+ + ug
2c eS Jove.
where (c) = u(z,0), ¥(2) = u(2, 0), and Ae. is the characteristic triangle for (z,
The Kirchhoff-Poisson solution for wave equation uy ~ Au =0
In 3D; u(@,t) = wail Sh« (S| + ra gall, w(€)do where S; is a sphere of radius ct,
ane
EG
Tn 2D: u(z,y,t) =m tg (ar —
Sa dy where Dy is 8 disk of radius ct.
all, as
‘olution for the diffusion equation with a source on Ru; — kts: = f(z,t) (t > 0)
= 755
uead= [~ ste-nooenav+ f° [Sle wt~9ftrsidvas (e>0)
1
where S(x,t) HAR and $(2)
Definition of the error function: i et dp
* VR
P10 18
Ain polar coordinates: §=A=a5+-— +455
Ain polar coordinates: = A= 55475 +Sfe 20, 1 8 8, 1 &
2 Org a menos
A inspherical coordinates: Ae 55 +55 + Gos wen at bg
Poisson's formula for harmonic function in a disk: u(x) = a Fonte WDA, oF
cna BE
Lope
u(r.) = Tar coal = By Er MOMS where (A) isthe value of u on the circle r =
Green’s first identity i vas = J Vu. Wud + if vAudV
D
aw
Green's second identity: (wAv - vAu)dv = [C5 “5 ug. | ds
Representation formula for a harmonic function u
wx) = ff [cs BK¢6%) - K(x, xg] as where K(x, Xo) =
a
Solution of the Dirichlet problem for Au = f using Green's function
suf) = [oo 2x) x) Teas ff FoIctmaw
‘oD
On the plane, dS and dV are replaced by dl (length clement) and dA (area element), respectively.
1/(4a|x — xo) for RS.
Bessel's differential equation of order s;
Solutions of Bessel’s equation
For a non-integer s, the two independent solutions are
= i (ye oe
>See eta is the TP funeti
Jas(r) Lrgeoresss47 e-'t?1dt is the P function.
For s =n, a non-negative integer, the solutions are
SD pry
Jnl) = x Cry @)
Ya(r) = 2 (ying 5) aal)—
Oe
2
[snr Jayptr) => cosr
For a, . a being roots of the Bessel function J,
[$m B an rede = Bt 502 IP 0) = Be 36% Ss Pom 2)?
;
Bessel functions of order ¢ = 1/2; Jya(r)
ime
Spherical harmonics: Y;"(9,¢) = P}""!(cos@) -
PE - an_(t+m)l
[ f WO, FEC Bin Bled = babe se