Entrepreneurship as a diverse conception

- a modern typology.

”The
”TheTraditional
TraditionalFactoryman”
Factoryman”

”The
”TheProfessional”
Professional” ”The
”The
Self-employed”
Self-employed”

”The
”Thefree
freeagent”
agent” ”The
”TheHobbyist”
Hobbyist”
 Types
Types of
of entrepreneurs
entrepreneurs ––
which
which genre
genre pictures?
pictures?
99 The
Theexpansive
expansiveclassic
classictype
typeofofentrepreneurs
entrepreneurs
who
who always aims at growth- -concerning
always aims at growth concerning
turnovers,
turnovers,economy
economyand
andthe
theemployees,
employees,etc.
etc.

99 The
Theclassic
classicmiddle-class
middle-classcitizen
citizeninin“city-
“city-
””The
TheFactory
FactoryMan
Man”” occupations” which includes craftsmen
occupations” which includes craftsmen
and
andshopworkers
shopworkersetc.
etc.
““The
The Self -employed”
Self-employed”
99 The
““The
The Professional ” Theclassic
classicliberal
liberaloccupations
occupationsininthe
thefield
fieldofof
Professional” advanced
advancedservice,
service,forforexample
examplelawyers,
lawyers,
““The
The Free
FreeAgent ”
Agent” accountants, etc.
accountants, etc.
““The
TheHobbyist ”
Hobbyist” 99 TheThenew
new“self-employed”
“self-employed”(man
(manororwoman)
woman)
who
who establish him- or herself as a freelanceand
establish him- or herself as a freelance and
depends on (equal opportunity) networking
depends on (equal opportunity) networking
instead
insteadofofconditions
conditionsofofemployment.
employment.

99 The Theclassic
classicspare-time
spare-timeoccupation/leisure-
occupation/leisure-
time
time activity which typically operatesas
activity which typically operates as
subsupplier for stores, etc.
subsupplier for stores, etc.
 Is
Is growth
growth identical
identical with
with
advanced
advanced technology?
technology?
Quotation:
Quotation:
“The
“Theeffort
effortput
putininto
toentrepreneur
entrepreneurshipshipisisvery
verymuch
muchpointed
pointedat attraditional
traditional
crafts-
crafts- and service trades, but pizzerias, hairdressers and carpenters do
and service trades, but pizzerias, hairdressers and carpenters donot
not
create
createsufficient
sufficientgrowth…
growth…Last, Last,but
butnot
notleast,
least,we
wehave
havetotodecide
decidewhatwhatwe we
want
wanttotolive
liveofofin
inthe
thefuture,
future,especially
especiallywhen
whenwe wekeep
keepin
inmind
mindthe theexpansion
expansion
of EU. And it will not be/it is not mass production. Therefore
of EU. And it will not be/it is not mass production. Therefore it is very it is very
important
importantthat
thatthe
theefforts/measures
efforts/measuresalso alsohave
havesomething
somethingto tooffer
offer(to)
(to)the
the
technological entrepreneurs. We believe that this can be improved
technological entrepreneurs. We believe that this can be improved in various in various
areas…
areas…The Themany
many“knowledge
“knowledgecompanies/enterprises”
companies/enterprises”that thatsprouts
sproutsup up
these
thesedays,
days,arearenecessary
necessarybecause
becauseititisisamong
amongthese
thesetechnological
technological
entrepreneurs
entrepreneurs one finds the potential “growth comet”in
one finds the potential “growth comet” inthe
theDanish
Danish
business
business community… At the same time a well functioned environmentfor
community… At the same time a well functioned environment for
the entrepreneurs would be the best commercial when you
the entrepreneurs would be the best commercial when you want to attract want to attract
foreign
foreigninvestments
investmentswithinwithinIT ITand
andbiotech…”
biotech…”
(Finn
(FinnR.
R.Larsen,
Larsen,chairman
chairmanfor
forthe
theDanish
DanishAssociation
Associationfor
forEngineers
Engineersen
enaa
major
majordanish
danishnewspaper,
newspaper,January
January2003)
2003)
 Free
Free agents
agents at
at the
the labour
labour market
market ––
““cambium”
cambium” and and growth
growth area
area
in
in line
line with
with time?
time?
Quotation:
Quotation:
“The
“Thesurrounding
surroundingworld worldhas hasoverlooked
overlookedthat thatthere
therewithwiththese
thesefree
freeagents,
agents,
comes
comes (fast) growth. The free agents - the independent soloist - hasthe
(fast) growth. The free agents - the independent soloist - has the
ability to create work for other free agents… For
ability to create work for other free agents… For example I have a example I have a
bookkeeper
bookkeeperfor forkeeping
keepingmy myaccounts,
accounts,and andwhen
whenI Ihave
havetootoomuch
muchwork,
work,I I
create
creatework
workfor forothers
othersby bypassing
passingon onsome
someof ofmy
my tasks.
tasks.AAthird
thirdway
wayto to
create
creategrowth,
growth,when whenyo,u yo,ulike
likeme,
me,don’t
don’twishwishto toemploy
employothers,
others,isisto togrow
growby by
forming
formingvirtual
virtualcompanies/enterprises
companies/enterpriseswith withothers
othersand andininthat
thatway
wayget getbigger
bigger
assignments. So we actually have a big growth in free
assignments. So we actually have a big growth in free agents, but it seems agents, but it seems
like
likethe
thebusiness
businesscommunity
communityneglect neglectthe thepotential
potentialyouyoucan
canfindfindininfree
free
agents.
agents. Not everyone has what it takes. You need a special kind ofstrength
Not everyone has what it takes. You need a special kind of strength
in
inyou.
you.ToTomany
manywillwillbreak
breaktheir
theirneck
necktrying…
trying…As Asaafreelance
freelanceor oraafree
freeagent
agent
you
youhave
haveto toposses
possesaacertaincertainentrepreneurship,
entrepreneurship,and andyou youhave
haveto toposses
possesaa
competence,
competence,that thatthere
thereisisaaneedneedfor for(out
(outthere).
there).- -And
Andhave
havethe theability
abilitytototell,
tell,
to explain, to sell yourself… And the free agent
to explain, to sell yourself… And the free agent has to know how tohas to know how to
network…
network…All Allininall
allititmeans
meansto tocreate
createand andparticularly
particularlymaintain
maintaincontacts…
contacts…
To create a two-way(s) connection
To create a two-way(s) connection and to give…” and to give…”
(Abelone
(AbeloneGlahn,
Glahn,writer
writerof
ofthe
thebook
book“Free
“FreeAgents”,
Agents”,January
January2003)
2003)
 Free
Free agents
agents at
at the
the labour
labour market
market
--from
fromthe
thesale
saleof
ofwork
workcapacity
capacity
to
tosale
saleof
ofcompetence
competence
Facts
Facts
9About
9About1313pct.
pct.of
of the
theworkforce,
workforce,corresponding
correspondingtotoapproximately
approximately160.000
160.000active
active
persons in the business community, have established themselves as free agents.
persons in the business community, have established themselves as free agents.
91
91pct.
pct.hereof,
hereof,corresponding
correspondingto
to23.000
23.000free
freeagents,
agents,nourish
nourishthemselves
themselvesstrictly
strictlyby
by
selling their own service.
selling their own service.
9The
9Theresidual
residualgroup
grouptoday
todaysupplies
suppliestheir
theirearnings
earningswith
withtransfer
transferincome.
income.
9The
9Thelife
lifeof
ofthe
theagent
agentcan
canbebeseen
seenas
asaachoice
choicenot
notto
tohave
haveananalienated
alienatedjob,
job,and
andaachoice
choice
to have a flexible working life.
to have a flexible working life.
9The
9Thelife
lifeof
ofthe
theagent
agentcan
canalso
alsobe
beseen
seenasasan
anadditional
additionalchoice
choiceand
andaadevelopment
developmentof ofaa
project-oriented
project-orientedand andoften
oftenteam-organised
team-organisedform
formofofwork,
work,where
wherethe
theindividual’s
individual’sunique
unique
competence
competence and the complementarity of unique competencies, forms the groundof
and the complementarity of unique competencies, forms the ground ofthe
the
ability to compete and for the economic success.
ability to compete and for the economic success.
9The
9Thefree
freeagents
agentsalso
alsosettles
settlesthe
theaccounts
accountswith
withthe
theclassic
classicgenre
genrepictures
picturesof
of“the
“theowner
owner
of
ofthe
thefactory”.
factory”.