v/;k;&1

izLrkouk
isfIldks] bUdksiksZjsVsM ¼NYSE PEP½ Q‚pZ~;wu
500 vejhdh cgqjk"Vªh; dEiuh gS ftldk eq[;ky; ijpsl]
U;w;‚dZ esa gS vkSj bldh :fp dbZ çdkj ds
dkcksZusVsM ,oa xSj dkcksZusVsM is;] vukt vk/kkfjr
ehBs vkSj uedhu LuSDl vkSj vU; [kk| inkFkZ ds
mRiknu vkSj foi.ku esa gSA isIlh czkaM ds vykok ;g
dEiuh Dosdj vksV~l] xsVksjsM] fÝVks ys] lkscs]
usdsM] Vª‚fidkuk] dksisYyk] ekmaVsu Miw fefjaMk
vkSj 7 vi ¼vejhdk ds ckgj½ tSls nwljs czkaM dh Hkh
ekfyd gSA

2006 ls bafnjk —".kkewfrZ uw;h isfIldks dh eq[;

çca/kd gSa vkSj bdkbZ ds is; inkFkZ forj.k vkSj
c‚Vfyax dk mrjnkf;Ro lEcaf/kr bdkbZ tSls nh isIlh
c‚Vfyax xzqi NYSE PBG vkSj isIlh vesfjdkl PAS
laHkkyrh gSA isfIldks ,d ,lvkbZlh 2080 SIC 2080 is;
inkFkZ bdkbZA

bfrgkl
isIlh dk eq[;ky; ijpsl] U;w ;ksdZ vkSj oygkyk esa fodkl
,oa vuqla/kku eq[;ky; fLFkr gSA 1898 esa m|ksxifr
vkSj QkesZflLV dkysc czf/ke us isIlh dksyk daiuh dh
LFkkiuk dh vkSj 1965 esa fÝVks ys ds lkFk foy; ds
ckn bls isfIldks ds uke ls tkuk tkus yxk- 1997 rd bldk
LokfeRo ds,Qlh] fiTtk gV vkSj VSdks csy ij Hkh Fkk
ysfdu ;g lHkh QkLV QwM jsLrjka VªkbZdkSu Xykscy
jsLrjka] esa foyf;r gks x, tks vc tkuk tkrk gS ;e!czkaM
vkbZ ulh ds uke ls] isfIldks us 1998 esa Vªksfidkuk
vkSj 2001 esa Dosdj vksV~l dks [kjhnk- fnlacj 2005
esa tc ls nksuksa daifu;ksa ds chp çfrLi/kkZ 'kq:
gqbZ] isfIldks us 112 lkyksa esa dksdk dksyk ls igyh
ckj] cktkj Hkko esa c<+r gkfly dhA

isIlh&dksyk osustq,yk

d‚jiksjsV ç'kklu

isfIldks ds orZ~reku cksMZ v‚Q Mk;jsDVjds lnL; gSa

baæk uw;h lhbZvks] j‚cVZ bZ- ,yu] Mhuk Mqcy‚u]
foDVj tkS] js yh gaV] vYcVksZ bZcktqZ,u] vkFkZj
ekfVZust] LVhosu jhuseqaM] 'ksjksu j‚dQsyj] tsEl
f'kjks] Ýsadfyu Fk‚el] flafFk;k VªwMsy vkSj jhoj fdax-

1 vDVwcj 2006 dks iwoZ eq[; foÙkh; vf/kdkjh vkSj

v/;{k baæk uwbZ us eq[; dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh
¼lhbZvks½ ds :i esa LVhosu jhuseqaM dks
çfrLFkkfir fd;kA ebZ 2007 esa uw;h cksMZ dh v/;{k
cuh vkSj fuxe dh v/;{k cuh gqbZa gSaA

isfIldks baVjus'kuy fMohtu ds v/;{k ekbd OgkbV

gSaA

isfIldks esa iwoZ vkyk vf/kdkjh

LVhosu jhuseqaM

jkstj ,ufjdks

Mh- osu dkYykso;

t‚u Ldyh

ekbdy ,p t‚MZu

MksukYM ,e- dsaMy

fØLVksQj , flaDySj
vYÝsM LVhyh

iSjoh/i{k tqVko

vesfjdk esa] vius çfr}anh dksdk dksyk dEiuh ds lkFk

dke djrs gq, isfIldks] is; m|ksx ds i{k esa vuqdwy
dkuwu cukus esa ,d çeq[k iSjohdkj jgh gSA isfIldks
us 2005 esa 740]000 M‚yj] 2006 esa 880318 M‚yj]
2007 esa 1 fefy;u M‚yj vkSj 2008 esa 1]176]000 M‚yj
iSjoh ij [kpZ fd,A 2009 esa] iSjoh ij [kpZ c<+ dj 4-2
djksM+ M‚yj gks x;k ;k ;wa dgsa fd blesa 300 çfr'kr
dh o`f) gqbZA iSjoh ij gks jgs [kpZ esa o`f) dk dkj.k bl
is; m|ksx ij yxk;s tkus okys djksa dh o`f) ds f[kykQ
yM+kbZ dh otg ls gSA[3] 2009 esa] isfIldks dh vksj ls
8 vyx vyx QeksaZ ls 31 iSjohdkj bldh iSjoh dj jgsa
gSaA

isIlh laxhr
isIlh E;wftd ;kgw ij utj vkus okyk çeks'uy E;wftd yscy
gSA blds dbZ oxZ gSa tSls isIlh ekbZd ikl] tks
áwLVu] VsDlkl esa lcls çfl) gSA ;g dykdkjksa dks
isIlh vkSj isfIldks ds vU; mRiknksa ds foKkiu ds fy,
Hkh vuqcaf/kr djrk gSA

isIlh E;qftdk ySfVu pkSuy ewu2 ij çlkfjr gksus okyk

'kks gSA

xzhu yscy lkmaM ekmaVsu Mîw dk fjd‚MZ yscy gS

tks eq¶r MkmuyksM nsrk gS vkSj bl çdkj uoksfnr
dykdkjksa dks c<+kok nsrk gSA

isfIldks czkaM

isfIldks 5 vyx&vyx] vjc M‚yj ds czkaMksa dk ekfyd

gSA ;s isIlh] Vª‚fidkuk] fÝVks ys] Dosdj vkSj
xsVksjsM gSaA daiuh dbZ vU; czkaM dh Hkh ekfyd
gSA

isIlh] dSQhu eqä isIlh] MkbV isIlh/isIlh ykbV] dSQhu

eqä MkbV isIlh] dSQhu eqä isIlh ykbV] okbYM psjh
isIlh] isIlh ykbe] isIlh eSDl] isIlh fV~oLV vkSj isIlh ou-
vU; vesfjdh dkcksZusVsM 'khry is;ksa esa ekmaVsu
Mîw] Ø'k] ex :V fc;j] fl,jk feLV] Vª‚fidkuk fV~oLVj
lksMk vkSj ¶okZx 'kkfey gSaA

7 vi ¼vejhdk ds ckgj] iwjs fo'o esa½

vU; vesfjdh is; ftles esa 'kkfey gSa ,DokfQuk ¼¶ysoj

LIyS'k] vykbZo vkSj fV~oLV/clZ~V½] Vkok] Mksys]
xsVksjsM] bTth] ,,eih ,uthZ] çksisy fQVusl okVj]
lkscs] Dosdj feYd fpylZ vkSj Vªksfidkuk-

vesfjdk ds ckgj foi.ku gksus okys is;% vYokys]

dadksfMZ;k] dksisYyk] ,ososZl] fQ,LVk] Ýq^foVk]
Ýqdks] H2OH!] boh] tqUdkuks] dSl] ywtk] eUtuk
dksjksuk] eSUtfuVk l‚y] fefjaMk] iklks ns yksl rksjksl
¼is;½] jSfMdy ÝwV] lSu dkyksZl] 'ohi 'oi] 'kkuh] Vhe]
fVªiy dksyk vkSj ;sfMxu-

fÝVks ys czkaM~l% csdu&bV~l] cklsZy] cksdfcV~l]

pht fVªl] phVksl] psLVlZ] fpthVksl] pq#ZeSl] ØSdj
tSd] Øqftrksl] MksjhVksl] QSUnSUxksl] fÝVksl]
QU;al] xSeslk] xks LuSDl] tsEl xzSaMek dqdhl]
gEdkl] yst] fel fofdl] eafpl] eqUpksl] fud uSDl] vksfYy,l
ehV LuSDl] DokolZ] jksYM xksYM] #¶QYl] jLVylZ
ehV fLVDl] lczhrkl] lfczrksusl] lSUMksjk] lSfUrrkl]
LekVZQwM] nh fLeFl LuSdQwM daiuh] lkSufjDl]
LVslh fiêk fpIl] lu fpIl] VkSj Vht] dqjdqjs] V‚lVhV‚l]
okdlZ vkSj oksVlhV~l-

Dosdj vksV~l czkaM% vkaVh tsfeek] dSi ,u Øap]

psoh xzkuksyk cklZ] dksDohjks] fØLiEl] —,Lyh]
ÝsLdkohuk] fdax fo,ruke] ykbQ] vksvRlks flaiy] Dosd]
fDoLi] jkbZl , jksuh vkSj LiM~t-

2005 esa isfIldks us fo;ruke[5] esa fLVax ,uthZ fMªad

¼dkcksZusVsM½ dh 'kq:vkr dhA 2010 esa ikfdLrku]
fQyhihal vkSj eysf'k;k lfgr dqN ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa esa
Hkh 'kq: fd;kA

2007 esa] uw;h us 1-3 fcfy;u M‚yj LokLF;onZ~/kd

oSdfYid czkaMksa ij [kpZ fd;k tSls dSfyQksfuZ;k ds
lks; fMªad vkSj v‚xsZfud twl fuekZrk usdsM twl-
gky gh esa isfIldks us vesfjdk fLFkr lkcjk fMfIiax
daiuh[6] esa 50% dh fgLlsnkjh gkfly dh gSA

lk>snkjh

dbZ ,sls czkaM ftudk isfIldks ekfyd ugha gS muds

lkFk blus lk>snkjh dk xBu fd;k gS rkfd vius czkaM ds
lkFk bUgsa Hkh cktkj esa yk lds ;k foi.ku dj ldsA

ÝkIiqfPluks
LVkjcDl Mcy 'k‚V

LVkjcDl vkbLM d‚Qh

eSaMfju ¼ykblsal½

Mh ,aM th ¼ykblsal½

fyIVu fczLd

fyIVu vksfjftuy vkbLM Vh

fyIVu vkbLM Vh

csu ,aM tSjh feYd 'ksd

Mksy ds jl vkSj twl fMªaDl ¼ykblsal½

luh fMykbZV ¼luh fMykbZV csojst ds fy, isfIldks }kjk

mRikfnr½

FRS

can gq, czkaM~l

isfIldks ds 7 vi dks [kjhn ysus ds ckn LçkbV vkSj 7 vi
dks isIlh dk tokc Vhe] can dj fn;k x;kA

v‚y LiksVZ~l] [ksy lEcU/kh is; dh ,d Ja[kyk- v‚y

LiksVZ~l gYdk dkcksZusVsM Fkk blds foijhr
çfr}af};ksa dk xsVksjsM vkSj dksd ds LokfeRo okyk
ikokjsM xSj dkcksZusVsM FkkA 2001 esa DoSdj
vksV~l ds [kjhnus ij ¼okLro esa ;g xSVksjsM dks
vf/kx`ghr djuk Fkk½ v‚y LiksVZ~l dk eryc ugha jg x;k
vkSj bls nwljh daiuh dks csp fn;k x;kA

,sLiu lksMk] lso ds Lokn ;qä ,d 'khry is; ¼1970 ds

n'kd ds mÙkjknZ~/k ,oa 80 ds n'kd ds iwokZnZ~/k
esa½

fØLVy isIlh] isIlh dksyk dk ,d Li"V laLdj.k-

ÝwV odZ~l% tk;ds Fks LVªkcsjh esyu] ihp iik;k] [kês

dhuw] ,Iiy jkLicsjh vkSj xqykch yseksusM- nks vU;
Lokn Fks] iS'ku v‚jsat vkSj xqvkok csjh] ;g dsoy
gokbZ esa miyC/k FksA
tksLrk% 1995 esa xqvkjkuk ds lkFk 'kq: gqvk] ;g igyk
mtkZ nsus okyk is; Fkk tks vesfjdk ds fdlh cM+h l‚¶V
fMªad cukus okys daiuh us 'kq: fd;k FkkA

efrdk% vxLr 2001 esa 'kq: fd;k x;k] ;g pk; ;k twl ds fy,
oSdfYid is; Fkk] ftls 'kDdj ls ehBk fd;k tkrk Fkk vkSj
blesa ftUlsax FkkA MªSxu ÝwV iks'ku] eSftd
eksefcu] fefFkdy eSaxks] jkbZflax LVkj ÝwV] LdkbZ
gkbZ csjh-

ektkxzSu/ektkxzu% 1995 esa 'kqHkkjaHk

feLVj xzhu ¼lkscs½

ikf'k;ks ¼lksMk½% Lokn okys is; dh Ja[kyk ¼1960&

^70 ds n'kd ds mÙkjknZ~/k esa½

isIlh ,t] isIlh dksyk dk ,d e/;& dSyksjh laLdj.k-

isIlh Cyw] isIlh dksyk dk uhyk laLdj.k tks csjh ds

Lokn dk FkkA

isIlh dksuk% isIlh dksyk dk d‚Qh़ ds Lokn ;qä

laLdj.k] bldk 'kqHkkjEHk 1997 esa gqvkA

Lewn ewl% 'kqHkkjEHk 1995] ;g ,d nqX/k vk/kkfjr is;

FkkA

LV‚e%Z ekpZ 15] 1998 esa 'kq:vkr] ;g fl,jk feLV }kjk

çfrLFkkfir gqvkA

fefjaMk ykbZe% 1990 ds n'kd ds nwljs pj.k esa

¼Hkkjr esa½ 'kq: fd;k x;k ij vlQy jgkA
 PEPSICO कक कककककक

isfIldks ¼Hkkjr½ çkbosV fyfeVsM ds eq[; mRikn

fuEufyf[kr gSaA

 Pepsi Mirinda
Orange
  Mirinda Lemon 7 Up
 Mountain Dew Slice
 Pepsi Diet Lehar Soda
 Aquafina Nimbooz
 Tropicana Lehar
Namkeen
 Lays Kurkure
 Uncle Chips Cheetos
v/;k;&2
v/;;u ds mn~ns’;
fuekZ.k çfØ;k
c‚Vfyax QSDVªh esa ty mipkj] la;a= 1* thok.kq eqä
'khry ty dk mRiknu djus okyh ,d çfØ;k gS] tks fd
COKE vkSj PEPSI }kjk fu/kkZfjr fofunsZ'k ds vuqlkj
gSA lksMk phuh cukus dh bdkbZ phuh flji rS;kj djus
ds fy, gS] ekud fefJr çfr'krA ,d baVjfefDlax ;wfuV gS
tgka ,d v/kZ Lopkfyr çfØ;k ds ek/;e ls phuh flji gSA
nksuksa Lokn ds ikuh vkSj dks ,d fo'ks"k Lokn ds
'khry is; esa ifj.kkeLo:i fNfær fd;k tkrk gSA
,d fo'kky cksry o‚f'kax e'khu gS] tgka cksrycan ykSVs
cktkjksa dks lqij xeZ ikuh] Dyksjhu vkSj fQj 'khry
BaMk ikuh esa yxkrkj /kks;k tkrk gSA

/kqykbZ ç.kkyh ds ek/;e ls cksryksa dks o‚'kj dh enn

ls ckgj fd;k tkrk gS vkSj Lopkfyr :i ls lSdM+ksa
cksryksa dks /kks;k vkSj lkQ fd;k tkrk gSA cksryksa
dks dUos;j ls fQfyax e'khu ;wfuV esa ys tk;k tkrk gS]
tgka rS;kj 'khry is; feJ.k dks 800 cksrycan çfr feuV
esa Mkyk tkrk gSA

blds lkFk gh ,d Lopkfyr ç.kkyh ds ek/;e ls lHkh cksry

dks eqdqV e'khu dh enn ls rkt iguk;k tkrk gSA cktkj
dh cksryksa dks tkus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS] fQj
vkØked fujh{k.k ls xqtkjk tkrk gS vkSj Lopkfyr dsl iSdj
e'khu dh enn ls dSjsV ¼1 dSjsV esa 24 cksrysa½
,d= dh tkrh gSaA

mlds ckn 'khry is; ;qä ikyrw tkuojksa dks xksnkeksa

esa Hkstk tkrk gS vkSj rqjar ljdkj dks mRikn 'kqYd dk
Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gSA xksnkeksa esa j[kh cksry ds
fy, chek fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mRiknu ykbu dk vafre pj.k
mls Hkstuk gksrk gSA forj.k ç.kkyh ds ,d usVodZ ds
ek/;e ls mRikn cktkj esa igqaprk gSA

daiuh çksQkby

isfIldks lcls cM+h daifu;ksa esa ls ,d gS tks fd

Hkkstu] is; vkSj LuSd m|ksxksa esa yxh gqbZ gSA
mudk irk 700 ,aMjlu fgy jksM] [kjhn] N-Y- 10577 gSA
mudk Qksu uacj 914&253&2000 gS vkSj mudk
QSDl uacj 914&253&2070 gSA mudk LV‚d çrhd PEP
gS vkSj os NYSE esa lwphc) gSaA daiuh dk URL
www-pepsico-com gSA

Hkkjr esa ;kstuk

fctusl lkjka'k% isfIldks] bad LuSd QwM] l‚¶V fMªad]
twl vkSj QkLV QwM ÝSapkbth O;olk;ksa esa yxh
gqbZ gSA daiuh] viuh lgk;d daifu;ksa ds ek/;e ls]
la;qä jkT; vesfjdk vkSj varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij fofHkUu
LuSDl csprh gS vkSj forfjr djrh gS] la;qä jkT; vesfjdk
vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; cktkjksa esa ÝsapkbTM c‚VylZ dks
fcØh ds fy, isIlh] ekmaVsu Mîw vkSj vU; czkaMksa
dk ladsaæ.k djrh gS vkSj mRiknu] cktkj] fcØh djrh
gSA la;qä jkT; vesfjdk vkSj varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij dbZ
Vª‚fidkuk VªsMekdZ ds rgr jl forfjr djrk gSA isfIldks dk
?kjsyw LuSd QwM O;olk; fÝVks&ys u‚FkZ vesfjdk
}kjk lapkfyr fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj bldk varjkZ"Vªh; LuSd
QwM fctusl fÝVks&ys baVjus'kuy ds ek/;e ls lapkfyr
fd;k tkrk gSA

daiuh dk l‚¶V fMªad O;olk; isIlh&dksyk daiuh ds :i

esa lapkfyr gksrk gS vkSj blesa nks O;kolkf;d
bdkb;ka] isIlh&dksyk mÙkjh vesfjdk ¼PCNA½ vkSj
isIlh&dksyk baVjus'kuy ¼PCI½ 'kkfey gSaA fnlacj
2000 esa] daiuh us ,d le>kSrs dh ?kks"k.kk dh ftlds
rgr isIlhdks dh ,d lgk;d daiuh n Dosdj vksV~l daiuh
ds lkFk foy; gks tk,xh] vkSj Dosdj isIlhdks dh iw.kZ
LokfeRo okyh lgk;d daiuh cu tk,xhA Dosdj [kk| vkSj
is; inkFkksaZ dk ,d cM+k fo'oO;kih cktkj gSA ;g xeZ
vukt] iSudsd flji] vukt&vk/kkfjr LuSDl] d‚uZehy]
gksfeuh fxzV~l vkSj ewY; of/kZr pkoy mRiknksa ds
lkFk] xsVksjsM I;kl cq>kus okys dk fuekZ.k vkSj
foi.ku djrk gSA

çLrkfor foy; dqN lekiu 'krksaZ ds v/khu gS] ftlesa

nksuksa daifu;ksa ds 'ks;j/kkjdksa }kjk vuqeksnu
vkSj fu;ked vuqeksnu 'kkfey gSA ysunsu ds 2001 dh
igyh Nekgh esa can gksus dh mEehn gSA isIlhdks
fiTtk gV] ds,Qlh vkSj VSdks csy lfgr dbZ [kk|
Ýsapkbth lapkfyr djrk gSA

isfIldks dk ,d laf{kIr bfrgkl

1898 esa dSjksfyukl esa tUes] isIlh&dksyk dk ,d

yack vkSj le`) bfrgkl gSA fMªad usy cuZ] u‚FkZ
dSjksfyuk ds QkekZflLV vkSj Mªx LVksj ds ekfyd
dkysc czSMe ¼ck,a½ dk vkfo"dkj gSA

1898 dh xfeZ;ksa] ges'kk dh rjg] U;w cuZ] mÙkjh

dSjksfyuk esa xeZ vkSj ue FkhA blfy, dkysc czSMe
uked ,d ;qok QkekZflLV us vius xzkgdksa dh lsok
djus ds fy, elkys] jl vkSj flji ds la;kstu ds lkFk ,d u;k is;
cukus dh dksf'k'k 'kq: dhA og lHkh vis{kkvksa ls ijs
lQy gqvk D;ksafd mlus nqfu;k Hkj esa isIlh&dksyk ds
:i esa Kkr is; dk vkfo"dkj fd;k FkkA

dkysc czSMe dks irk Fkk fd yksxksa dks viuh

QkesZlh esa ykSVus ds fy,] mls ,d lHkk LFky esa
cnyuk gksxkA mUgksaus vius Lo;a ds fo'ks"k is;] ,d
'khry is; dk fuekZ.k djds ,slk fd;kA mudh jpuk] dksyk
uV ,DlVªSDV] osfuyk vkSj js;jksby dk ,d vuwBk feJ.k]
bruk yksdfç; gks x;k fd muds xzkgdksa us bls
^^czSM fMªad^^ uke fn;kA dkysc us bldk uke cnydj
^^isIlh&dksyk^^ j[kus dk QSlyk fd;k vkSj vius u, 'khry
is; dk foKkiu fd;kA yksxksa us tokc fn;k] vkSj
isIlh&dksyk dh fcØh c<+us yxh] mUgksaus mls
vk'oLr fd;k fd mls u, is; dk foi.ku djus ds fy, ,d daiuh
cukuh pkfg,A

1902 esa] mUgksaus viuh QkesZlh ds ihNs ds dejs

esa isIlh&dksyk daiuh y‚Up dh] vkSj VªsMekdZ ds fy,
vesfjdh isVsaV dk;kZy; esa vkosnu fd;kA lcls igys]
mUgksaus [kqn dks flji feyk;k vkSj lksMk QOokjs ds
ek/;e ls bls fo'ks"k :i ls cspkA ysfdu tYn gh dkysc us
ekuk fd isIlh dks cksry esa Mkyus dk ,d cM+k volj
ekStwn Fkk rkfd yksx bls dgha Hkh ih ldsaA

O;olk; c<+us yxk vkSj 16 twu] 1903 dks]

^^isIlh&dksyk^^ dks vkf/kdkfjd rkSj ij vesfjdh isVsaV
dk;kZy; ds lkFk iath—r fd;k x;kA ml o"kZ] Caleb us
Fkhe ykbu ^^EÛhilarating] Invigorating] Aids
Digestion^^ dk mi;ksx djrs gq,] 7]968 xSyu lhji cspsA
mUgksaus Lora= fuos'kdksa dks isIlh dh cksry nsus
ds fy, Ýsapkbth çnku djuk 'kq: fd;k] ftudh la[;k 1905
esa flQZ nks ls c<+h] pkyksZV vkSj Mjge] mÙkjh
dsjksfyuk ds 'kgjksa esa] vxys o"kZ 15 rd vkSj 1907
rd 40A 1910 ds var rd] ogk¡ 24 jkT;ksa esa
isIlh&dksyk Ýsapkbth FkhaA isIlh&dksyk dh igyh
c‚Vfyax ykbu cSd :e ds dqN de&ifj"—r bathfu;fjax ls
gqbZ Fkh

dkysc dh QkesZlhA fodkl vHkwriwoZ Fkk] vkSj 1909

esa dkysc us ,d eq[;ky; dks bruk 'kkunkj cuk;k fd U;w
cuZ 'kgj us ,d iksLVdkMZ ij fpf=r fd;kA çfl) jsflax dkj
pkyd ckuhZ vksYMQhYM us v[kckj ds foKkiuksa esa
isIlh dks ^^,d /kedkus okyk fMªad --- rktk]
LQwfrZnk;d] ,d nkSM+ ls igys ,d cf<+;k czstj^^ ds :i
esa leFkZu fd;kA fiNys o"kZ] isIlh la;qä jkT; vesfjdk
dh igyh daifu;ksa esa ls ,d Fkh] tks ?kksM+ksa }kjk
rS;kj fd, x, ifjogu ls eksVj okguksa ij fLop djus ds fy,
Fkh] vkSj dkysc dh O;kolkf;d fo'ks"kKrk us O;kid /;ku
vkdf"kZr fd;kA ;gka rd fd mUgsa xouZj ds fy,
laHkkfor mEehnokj ds :i esa Hkh mYys[k fd;k x;k
FkkA xzhUlcksjks iSfVª;V esa 1913 ds laikndh; us
mudh ^^mRlqd vkSj ÅtkZoku O;kolkf;d le>nkjh^^ ds
fy, mudh ç'kalk dhA

dsoy nks ikS/ks [kqys jgsA ;g ,d lQy dSaMh fuekZrk

rd ugha Fkk] pkyZ~l thA xqFk] bl –'; ij fn[kkbZ fn, fd
isIlh&dksyk ds Hkfo"; dk vk'oklu fn;k x;k FkkA xqFk
y‚¶V 'kkfey] dSaMh LVksj vkSj lksMk QOokjs dh ,d
cM+h J`a[kyk ds v/;{k FksA mUgksaus isIlh&dksyk
dks dksdk&dksyk daiuh ds lkFk ,d vlarks"ktud O;kikj
laca/kksa dks can djus ds volj ds :i esa ns[kk] vkSj
lkFk gh lkFk y‚¶V ds lksMk QOokjs ds fy, ,d vkd"kZd
Mªkbax dkMZ tksM+us ds fy,A og lgh FkkA ikap
ekfydksa vkSj 15 ykHkghu o"kksaZ ds ckn]
isIlh&dksyk ,d ckj fQj ,d laiUu jk"Vªh; czkaM FkkA

v/;k;&3

lhek;sa

iwoZorhZ czkaM

isfIldks bl dkjksckj esa jgus rd ;kfu fd 1997 rd dbZ

jsLrjka Ja[kyk dk ekfyd Fkk] blds ckn mlus dqN dks
csp fn;k vkSj dqN dks feyk dj u;h daiuh VªkbZdkSu
Xykscy jsLrjka cuk;k tks vc tkuk tkrk gS u, uke ls]
;e!czkaM] vkbZ,ulh- isfIldks igys Hkh dbZ vU;
czkaMksa dk ekfyd Fkk ftUgsa blus ckn esa csap
fn;kA

dSfyQksfuZ;k fiTtk fdpsu ¼1992 esa [kjhn dj] 1997

esa ewy laLFkkidksa dks okil csap fn;k½

'ksfol Ýs'k esDl ¼vxLr 1993 esa [kjhn dj ebZ 1997

esa ts- MCyw- pkbZYM ,fDoVh ikVZulZ dks csapk½

Mh ^,atsyks lSaMfop dh nqdkusa ¼1997 esa ikik

fxuks dks csapk½

bZLV lkbM ekfj;kst ¼la;qä jkT; vesfjdk Ýsapkbth &

fnlacj 1993 esa [kjhnk] 1997 ds çkjaHk esa csap
fn;k½A

g‚V ,u ukm ¼1990 esa [kjhnk] 1997 esa csapk½

tkSyhch ¼1994 esa [kjhnk] 1997 esa csapk½

ds,Qlh ¼KFC½ ¼vDVwcj 1997 esa vkjtsvkj ¼RJR½

ukfcLdks ls [kjhnk vkSj vDVwcj 1997 esa VªkbZd‚u]
ckn esa ;e!czkaM~l ds lkFk feyk fn;k x;kA½

mÙkj vesfjdh oku ykbal

fiTtk ¼gV½ 1977 esa [kjhnk x;k Fkk] vDVwcj 1997
esa VªkbZd‚u ds lkFk feyk fn;k x;k ckn esa ;g
;e!czkaM~l ds uke ls tkuk x;kA

LrksfyPuk;k

VSdks csy 1978 esa [kjhnk Fkk] vDVwcj 1997 esa

VªkbZd‚u ds lkFk feyk fn;k tks vc u, uke ;e!czkaM~l
ls tkuk tkrk gSA

foYlu LiksVZ lkexzh

fofo/krk

,ythchVh& ,MoksdsV }kjk tkjh—r d‚iksZjsV lekurk

lwpdkad esa isfIldks dks 2004 ls vkjEHk lewg ekuo
vf/kdkj vfHk;ku ds rgr] rhljs lky ds fjiksVZ esa iwjs
100 çfr'kr dh jsfVax feyh[8]-

fo—r Nfo

1993 dh xfeZ;ksa ds nkSjku] isfIldks us dfFkr mRikn

NsM+NkM+ ds /kks[kk/kM+h ls lEcaf/kr vkjksi dks
cgqr lgtrk ls Li"V fd;kA ;g nkok fd;k x;k fd Mk;V isIlh
ds dSu esa lhfjat feyh gS& igys fl,Vy esa fQj vxys
dqN fnuksa esa iwjs vesfjdk esa ,slh vQokg QSyh-
dbZ /kks[ksckt nkosnkjksa dh fxj¶rkjh ds lkFk
v/kksRod lqbZ;ka feyus dh [kcj can gks x;hA 15 twu
1993 rd miHkksäkvksa us vius Mk;V isIlh esa xksyh]
fiu vkSj isap ikus dh lwpuk nhA isfIldks us çsl foKfIr
,oa oh,uvkj }kjk lrdZ 'kCnksa ds ek/;e ls bu vQokgksa
dk [kaMu dj fLFkfr ls fuiVkjk fd;k] ;g mngkj.k vDlj
ikBîiqLrd esa m)`r fd;k tkrk gS fd fdl çdkj >wBh
vQokgksa dks laHkkyk tkuk pkfg,

vkykspuk,a

Question book&new-svg

bl ys[k esa lR;kiu gsrq vfrfjä lanHkZ vFkok lzksrksa

dh vko';drk gSA

—i;k fo'oluh; lzksr tksM+dj bl ys[k esa lq/kkj djsaA

lzksrghu lkexzh dks pqukSrh nh tk ldrh gS vkSj
gVk;k Hkh tk ldrk gSA ¼October 2009½
Hkkjr esa isfIldks

1988 esa Hkkjr esa çfo"V gksus ds fy, isfIldks us

iatkc ljdkj ds v/khu iatkc —f"k vkS|ksfxd fuxe
¼PAIC½ vkSj oksYVkl fyfeVsM ds lkFk la;qä m|e
fd;kA bl la;qä m|e ds rgr 1991 rd cktkj esa ygj isIlh dk
foi.ku ,oa fcØh lrr pyrk jgk] bl le; fons'kh czkaM ds
mi;ksx dh vuqefr Fkh; isfIldks us 1994 esa vius
lk>snkjksa dks [kjhn dj bl la;qä m|e dk var dj fn;kA
[10] nwljksa dk ;g nkok gS fd igys 1970 esa isIlh ij
Hkkjr esa vk;kr ij çfrca/k yxk fn;k x;k Fkk D;ksafd blus
viuh lkexzh dh lwph tkjh djus ls budkj dj fn;k Fkk]
1993 esa ;g çfrcU/k gVk fy;k x;k vkSj 'kh?kz gh isIlh
cktkj esa vk x;kA bu fooknksa ls ;g Lej.k gksrk gS fd
^^bu fo'kky cgqjk"Vªh; daifu;ksa ds lkFk Hkkjr ds
laca/k dHkh mxz jgs FksA^^ cs'kd dqN yksx ;g rdZ
çLrqr djrs gSa fd isIlh vkSj dksdk dksyk daiuh^^ bl
fgLls esa eq[; y{; jgsa gSa D;ksafd okLro esa ;g çfl)
fons'kh dEifu;ka gSa tks viuh rjQ /;ku vkdf"kZr djrh
gSa^^[11]-
2003 esa i;kZoj.k vkSj foKku dsUæ ubZ fnYyh fLFkr
,d xSj ljdkjh laxBu us [kqyklk fd;k fd Hkkjr esa isfIldks
vkSj dksdk dksyk tSlh cgqjk"Vªh; dEiuh }kjk mRikfnr
okfrr ikuh esa tgjhys rÙo tSls fyaMsu] MhMhVh]
esykfFk;ku vkSj DyksfiZ~;zQksl ekStwn gSa & ;g
dhVuk'kd dSalj] çfrj{kk ç.kkyh dk ºzkl vkSj tUe ds le;
fo—fr iSnk dj ldrs gSaA ijhf{kr mRiknksa esa dksd]
isIlh] 7 vi] fefjaMk] QSaVk] FkEl vi] fyEdk vkSj
LçkbZV 'kkfey FksA lh,lbZ ¼CSE½ us ik;k fd Hkkjrh;
mRikfnr isIlh 'khry is; mRiknksa esa ;wjksih; la?k ds
fu;e ds fo#) 36 xquk vf/kd dhVuk'kd vo'ks"k vkSj
dksdk dksyk esa 30 xquk vf/kd vo'ks"k ik, x,A[12]
lh,lbZ ¼CSE½ us dgk fd blus vesfjdk esa bUgha
mRikn dk ijh{k.k fd;k Fkk vkSj ,slk dksbZ vo'ks"k
ugha feyk FkkA cgjgky] ;g ekud ;wjksih; ikuh ds fy,
Fkk u fd vU; is;ksa ds fy,A Hkkjr esa dksbZ dkuwu
ugha gS tks is; esa dhVuk'kdksa dh ekStwnxh ij
çfrcU/k yxkrk gksA
dksdk dksyk daiuh vkSj isfIldks us bl vkjksi dk
'kfä'kkyh <ax ls [kaMu fd;k fd Hkkjr esa fufeZr muds
mRiknksa esa tgjhys rÙo dk Lrj fodflr ns'kksa ds
ekunaM ls vf/kd gSA lh,lbZ ds fu"d"kksaZ ds vk/kkj ij
,d Hkkjrh; lalnh; lfefr vkSj ljdkj dh vksj ls fu;qä lfefr dk
2004 esa xBu gqvk tks tks 'khry is; esa dhVuk'kdksa
ds fy, fo'o ds igys ekudksa dk fodkl djus dk ç;kl dj jgh
gSA dksd vkSj isIlh us bl dne dk fojks/k djrs gq, dgk
fd] ç;ksx'kkyk ijh{k.k tfVy is;ksa esa dhVuk'kdksa ds
lw{e va'k dk irk yxkus
esa fo'oluh; ugha
gSaA

2005 rd] dksdk dksyk daiuh vkSj isfIldks dk Hkkjrh;

cktkj esa 'khry is; dh 95% dk fgLlsnkjh Fkh[13]- dsjy
ds iyDdM+ ftys dh iqBqLlsjh iapk;r us isfIldks ij ;g
vkjksi yxk;k gS fd isfIldks ikuh dh pksjh esa layXu gS
D;ksafd tc ;g Hkwry ty lalk/kuksa dk nksgu djrk gS
rks ifj.kkeLo:i iapk;r ds fuokfl;ksa ds fy, ikuh dh deh
gksrh gS vr,o iapk;r bl xkao esa isfIldks dh bdkbZ
dks can djus djus ds fy, ljdkj ij ncko Mky jgh gSA[14]

2006 esa] lh,lbZ us fQj ls ik;k fd isIlh vkSj dksdk

dksyk nksuksa ds lksMk is; esa dhVuk'kdksa dh
ek=k ds mPp Lrj ij FkhA isfIldks vkSj dksdk dksyk
daiuh nksuksa dk dguk gS fd muds is; ihus ds fy,
lqjf{kr gSa vkSj mUgksaus lekpkj i=ksa esa foKkiu
çdkf'kr fd;s fd muds mRiknksa esa dhVuk'kd dh ek=k
nwljs mRikn tSls pk;] Qy vkSj nqX/k mRikn ls de
gSA[15] Hkkjrh; jkT; dsjy esa jkT; ljdkj us 2006[16]
esa isIlh dksyk vkSj nwljs 'khry is; ds mRiknu vkSj
fcØh ij çfrcU/k yxk fn;k Fkk ij egt ,d eghus ckn gh
dsjy mPp U;k;ky; us bldks cny fn;kA [17] ikap vU;
Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa us d‚ystksa] Ldwyksa vkSj vLirkyksa
esa bl is; ij vkaf'kd rkSj ij çfrcU/k yxk;k x;k gSA[18]
Hkkjr esa 'khry is; cktkj

l‚¶V fMªaDl cktkj ds fodkl ds ekeys esa Hkkjr 'kh"kZ

ikap cktkjksa esa ls ,d gSA 2003 esa ns'k esa 'khry
is; dh çfr O;fä] çfro"kZ [kir yxHkx 6 cksry gksus dk
vuqeku gSA vesfjdk ds eqdkcys ;g vkadMk cgqr de
gS ¼600+ cksry çfro"kZ½A ysfdu rsth ls c<+rs
cktkjksa esa ls ,d vkSj fo'kq) ifjek.k esa Hkkjr 'khry is;
ds fy, ,d vk'kktud cktkj gSA

'ks"k fo'o dh gh rjg Hkkjr esa 'khry is; cktkj esa çeq[k
f[kykM+h isfIldks vkSj dksdk dksyk daiuh gSaA
dksdk dksyk us tc nwljh ckj Hkkjrh; cktkj esa ços'k
fd;k rks mlus dbZ LFkkuh; czkaM gkfly fd;s tSls
fyEdk] xksYM Li‚V vkSj FkEl vi- isIlh ds 'khry is;
iksVZQksfy;ks esa isIlh ds lkFk fejkaMk vkSj 7vi Hkh
'kkfey gSaA cktkj esa çR;sd daiuh dh fgLlsnkjh
yxHkx cjkcj gh gS] ;|fi vyx&vyx lzksrksa }kjk m)`r
vuqeku esa fHkUurk gSA[19]

,d 'khry is; esa çeq[k ?kVd ikuh gSA ;g 'khry is;

lkexzh dk djhc 90% ?kVd gSA bl ds lkFk blesa feBkl]
dkcZu Mkbv‚DlkbM] lkbfVªd ,flM/esfyd ,flM] jax]
laj{kd] ,aVh v‚DlhMsaV~l vkSj vU; ik;lhdkjh rÙo vkfn
gksrs gSaA[19]
 v/;k;&4

“kks/k&izfof/k

Hkkjr esa [kir dk Lo#i

Js.kh 1] 2 vkSj 3 Hkkjrh; 'kgjksa esa] Hkkjrh;

miHkksäkvksa ds 29% dk dguk gS fd og
dkcksZusVsM 'khry is; iwjs fnu esa fdlh [k़kl le; ij
ysrs gSa tks ;g bafxr djrk gS fd 'khry is; ihuk muds
thou dk fgLlk cu x;k gS] vf/kdka'k [kir nksigj ls ysdj
'kke ds nkSjku gksrh gSA vk'p;Z ugha fd çFke Js.kh
ds 'kgjksa tSls eqacbZ] fnYyh] dksydkrk] psUubZ]
gSnjkckn vkSj caxykSj esa lokZf/kd [kir gSA ;g ns[kk
x;k gS fd c<+rs ?kjsyw vk; ds lkFk [kir dk Lrj Hkh
c<+rk gS ¼vf/kdre vk; Lrj viokn gS½ gkykafd mez
c<+us ij [kir esa deh vkrh gSA

bl section esa ewy 'kks/k ;k vçekf.kr nkos gks ldrs

gSaA —i;k lanHkZ tksM+ dj ys[k dks lq/kkjus esa
enn djsaA

vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy, laokn i`"B ns[ksaA ¼September

2009½

Hkkjrh; l‚¶V fMªaDl cktkj fdlh Hkh fofu;eu ds v/khu

ugha gSA 'khry is; [kk| vifeJ.k fuokj.k vf/kfu;e 1954
esa 'kkfey ugha gSA vxLr 2003 ls iwoZ fdlh Hkh
chvkbZ,l ekud esa 'khry is;ksa esa ik, tkus okys
dhVuk'kdksa ds vo'ks"kksa ds Lrj ds fy, fn'kk ;k
funsZ'k vFkok ekinaM r; fd;k x;k FkkA ysfdu vyx vyx
,tsafl;ksa us dhVuk'kdksa ds vo'ks"kksa ds Lrj ds fy,
ekud fu/kkZfjr fd;k gSA ;wjksih; vkfFkZd leqnk;
¼EEC½ us ihus ds ikuh vkSj lacaf/kr mRiknksa esa
fofHkUu dhVuk'kdksa dh vf/kdre Lohdk;Z lhek 0-1
Hkkx çfr fcfy;u fu/kkZfjr dh gS ftlls ;g euq"; ds ihus ds
fy, lqjf{kr gksA dqN ,d dhVuk'kd tSls ,fYMªu
¼Aldrin½] Mk,yMhu ¼dieldin½ vkSj gsIVkDyksj
,iksDlbZM ¼heptachlor epoÛide½ ds fy, vf/kdre
Lohdk;Z lhek vkSj Hkh dBksj] 0-03 Hkkx çfr fcfy;u
fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA[19]

cekZ esa isfIldks

1991 ls 1997 rd] isfIldks cekZ esa O;kikj djus ds okys

daifu;ksa esa mYys[kuh; FkhA isfIldks dk O;kikj
Hkkxhnkj Fksbu rqu] lÙkk:<+ cehZ lSfud tqaVk dk
fo[;kr O;kikj Hkkxhnkj Fkk ml ij vkjksi yxk;k x;k Fkk fd
og fo'o ds lcls cqjs ekuo vf/kdkj mYya?ku ds fy,
ftEesnkj FkkA

isfIldks dh Hkkxhnkjh us bfrgkl ds lcls cM+s cekZ

fo#) cfg"dkj dks çksRlkfgr fd;kA mlh le; py jgs
VsDldks vkSj muksdy ds fo#) vfHk;ku esa ;g cjkcj ij
Fkk vkSj vHkh ;g VksVy vk;y ds fo#) gSA

uoEcj 1991 esa isfIldks us ml le; dh jkt/kkuh jaxwu

esa c‚Vfyax fd vkax lku lw dh vkSj us'kuy yhx us
daifu;ksa ls vkºoku fd;k Fkk fd og cekZ esa yksdra=
dk;e gksus ds igys O;kikj 'kq: u djsaA isIlh ds f[kykQ
vfHk;ku ,f'k;kbZ vk/kkfjr ,D'ku Q‚j cekZ vf/kdkj
vkanksyu }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA vkxs py dj if'pe esa
vfHk;ku us 'kfä çkIr dh tc ekuo vf/kdkj xqVksa us
cekZ esa daifu;ksa ds f[kykQ vfHk;ku ij /;ku dsfUær
fd;k ftlesa fo'kky rsy dEifu;ka VsDlkdks] muksdy]
veksdks vkSj isVªks dukMk 'kkfey FksA[21]

tc isVªks dukMk us cekZ NksM+ fn;k rc dukMk vkSj

vesfjdk fLFkr cehZ yksdra= lewgksa us viuk /;ku
isfIldks ij vkSj iSuk fd;kA 1996 esa tc Lora= cekZ
xBca/ku us vkxs c<+ dj ,d cM+s iSekus ij isfIldks dks
vesfjdh fo'ofo|ky;ksa ls ckgj fudyus ij etcwj fd;k rc
vfHk;ku dks c<+kok feykA bl esa gkoZMZ ls ,d
cgq&fefy;u M‚yj ds le>kSrs dk var 'kkfey FkkA

;g vfHk;ku QSy dj ;wjksi Hkh igqapk tgka fczVsu

fLFkr laxBu FkMZ oyZ~M QlZ~V us cfg"dkj dks
viuk;k- bldh çfrfØ;k esa] 1996 esa] isfIldks us
lq[kZf़;ksa ls ckgj vkus ds fy, cehZ la;qä m|e dh
fgLlsnkjh vius cehZ lka>snkjh dks csp fn;k ij ogka dk
ÝSapkbt le>kSrk vius ikl j[kkA vkax lku lw ph us dgk]
^tgka rd gekjk laca/k gS] isfIldks us cekZ dks fuos'k
ls oafpr ugha fd;k gS^^ vkSj ekuo vf/kdkj rFkk
i;kZoj.k lewgksa us nksuksa isIlh ij ncko tkjh j[kkA
vkf[kjdkj] cehZ lÙkk ds fgald yksdra= fojks/kh
jSfy;ksa vkSj iwjs fo'o ds c<+rs ncko ls isfIldks us
tuojh 1997 esa ?kks"k.kk dh fd og cekZ ds lkFk lkjs
laca/kksa esa dVkSrh djsxkA gkykafd] vkt rd] isfIldks
us Lohdkj ugha fd;k fd og cekZ esa fuos'k ds fy,
uSfrd :i ls xyr Fkk tSlk dqN vU; daifu;ksa }kjk ns'k
NksM+us le; Lohdkj fd;k FkkA

bljkby esa isfIldks

1991 rd isfIldks bljkby esa ugha cspk tkrk Fkk blds

fy, vesfjdk esa mldh dkQh vkykspuk gqbZ] ,slk ekuk
tk jgk Fkk fd bl rjg ls isfIldks bljkby ds vjc cfg"dkj dk
leFkZu dj jgk FkkA isfIldks us bl vkjksi ls budkj djrs
gq, ges'kk dgk fd bljkby ÝSapkbt dk leFkZu djus ds
fy, ,d cgqr NksVk ns'k gSA ifj.kke Lo#i] btjk;y cktkj ij
isfIldks ds çfr}anh dksyk dksyk us dCtk dj fy;k vkSj
orZeku le; rd isIlh ds ikl cktkj esa cgqr de Hkkxhnkjh
gSA

isIlh ckSVylZ

fp=%Pepsi Beverages Company-png

isIlh csojstsl daiuh yksxks-

4 vxLr 2009 dks] isfIldks us ?kks"k.kk dh fd og vius

nks lcls cM+s ckSV~ylZ n isIlh ckSfV~yax xzqi
vkbZ,ulh vkSj isIlh vesfjdkl vkbZ,ulh tks nksuksa gh
1990 ds n'kd esa can dj fn, x, Fks] ds lkFk ,d vafre
foy; le>kSrs ij igqap x;k gSA ysunsu dh dqy ykxr 7-8
fcfy;u M‚yj gksus dk vuqeku yxk;k x;k gSA[24]
17 Qjojh 2010 esa nksuksa c‚Vfyax daifu;ksa ds
'ks;j/kkjdksa us bl foy; dk vuqeksnu fd;k vkSj 26
Qjojh dks isfIldks u‚FkZ vesfjdsu csosjst ;wfuV ds
iw.kZ LokfeRo okyk fMohtu isIlh csosjst dEiuh
¼ihchlh½ vfLrRo esa vk;kA bl foy; esa M‚Œ isij
LuSiy xzqi ds lkFk ,d u, le>kSrs esa ;g Hkh 'kkfey
Fkk fd cgqr gh tYn ihchlh M‚ isIij] 'oki vkSj Ø'k
czkaMksa ds c‚Vfyax vkSj forj.k dk vf/kxzg.k dj ysxk
tgka igys ;g dk;Z ihchth vkSj ih,,l }kjk 20 o"khZ;k
ykblsal le>kSrs ds rgr forfjr gksrk Fkk ¼ihchlh ds
iwoZofrZ;ksa }kjk Qjojh 2009 ls Ø'k dk forj.k vkSj
c‚Vfyax fd;k tk jgk Fkk½A orZeku esa ;g vKkr gS fd
ihchlh vius bykds ds ckdh fgLlksa esa M‚Œisij vkSj
'oi dk forj.k Hkh djsxk ;k ugha ¼D;ksafd f'kdkxks
cktkj ds :i esa mu cktkjksa esa Mhih,l ds LokfeRo
okys ckSV~yklZ gSa tks mu {ks=ksa esa lsok çnku
dj jgsa gSa½A blds vfrfjä] vesfjdk ds og {ks= tgka
ihchlh vkSj Mhih,l }kjk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gS ogka dk
c‚Vfyax vf/kdkj dqN nwljs Mhih,l LokfeRo czkaM tSls
osuZj vkSj gokbZu iap dks gLrkarfjr fd;k tk,xk-
nksuksa iwoZ ckVylZ dk varjjk"Vªh; ifjpkyu iwjh rjg ls
isfIldks baVjus'kuy bdkbZ dks gLrkarfjr fd;k x;k gSA

vesfjdh QwM vkSj csojst daiuh isfIldks dh lhbZvks

bafnjk uwbZ viuk in NksM+us tk jgh gSa- djhc 12 lky
rd isfIldks dh c‚l jgus ds ckn os 3 vDVwcj dks in
NksM+ nsaxh-

isIlfdks us bldh ?kks"k.kk dh gS- uwbZ ds ckn 54 lky

ds jeksu yxqvrkZ isfIldks ds NBs lhbZvks cusaxs-
62 lky dh uwbZ us isfIldks ds lkFk 24 lky rd dke fd;k
gS- lhbZvks in NksM+us ds ckotwn lky 2019 dh
'kq#vkr rd og daiuh ds ps;jeSu ds in ij cuh jgsaxh-

bls Hkh i<+sa% Qsd U;wt dks ysdj ljdkj l[r] dbZ lks --

çkjafHkd thou

uwbZ eækl] rfeyukMq] Hkkjr ¼orZeku esa psUubZ½

esa iSnk gqbZ FkhA mudh çkjafHkd f'k{kk gksyh
,fUtYl ,aXyks bafM;u gk;j lsdsaMjh Ldwy eækl esu
gqbZA rRi'pkr mUgksus 1974 esa eækl fØf'p;u d‚yst
ls HkkSfrdh] jlk;u foKku vkSj xf.kr esa Lukrd dh
fMxzh çkIr dh vkSj Hkkjrh; çca/k laLFkku] dksydkrk ls
1976 esa çca/ku esa LukÙdksÙkj fd;kA Hkkjr esa
iyh&c<+h uwbZ us cpiu esa vusdksa dfBukb;ka
>syrs gq, Hkkjrh; çca/k laLFkku] dksydkrk ls ekLVj
fMxzh dhaA blds ckn vesfjdk fLFkr ;sy ;wfuoflZVh ls
ifCyd vkSj çkbosV eSustesaV dk v/;;u fd;kA bl
nkSjku mUgsa vesfjdk ls dqN [kkl yxko gks x;k vkSj
mUgksaus ;sy ;wfuoflZVh ls xzstq,'ku djus ds ckn
cksLVu dalYVs'ku QkeZ Tokbu dj fy;k vkSj
VsDlVkby o daT;wej xqM~l baMLVªh esa
eqofDdyksa dh lsok djus yxhaA

O;fäxr thou

bafnjk ds firk cSad esa dk;Zjr Fks vkSj ekrk th

gkmlokbQ FkhA ;s nks cgus Fkha& pfUædk vkSj
bafnjkA nksuksa gh cgus cpiu ls i<+us esa cgqr
gksf'k;kj FkhaA
budh 'kknh jkt dqekj uwbZ ls gqbZA mudh nks
csfV;k¡ gS] tks xzhufop dusfDVdV esa jgrh gSaA
mudh csfV;ksa esa ls ,d orZeku esa ;sy esa çca/ku
Ldwy esa i<+ jgh gSaAmudh cM+h cgu pafædk —
".kewfrZ VaMu ,d çfl) xkf;dk vkSj fctusl oqeu gSA

dfj;j

o"kZ 1986&90 ds chp mUgksaus eksVksjksyk daiuh

esa d‚jiksjsV LVªSVth ds mik/;{k ds :i esa dk;Z fd;k
vkSj daiuh ds v‚VkseksfVo vkSj baMfLVª;y
bysDVª‚fuDl ds fodkl dk ekxZn'kZu fd;kA uwbZ
isfIldks dh nh/kZdkfyd xzksFk LVªSVth dh f'kYidkj
ekuh tkrh gSaA uwbZ 1994 esa isfIldks esa 'kkfey
gqbZ vkSj 2001 esa v/;{k vkSj eq[; dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh
cuhaA mUgksus ,d n'kd ls vf/kd le; rd daiuh dh
oSf'od j.kuhfr dk funsZ'ku vkSj isIlhdks ds iquxZBu
dk usr`Ro fd;k gSA

o"kZ 2011 ls uwbZ ,d daiuh pyk jgh gSa vkSj 200 ls

vf/kd ns'kksa esa blds miHkksäk gSaA fQygky uwbZ
dbZ cksMksaZ dh lnL; Hkh gSa ftlesa ;w,l&phu fctusl
dkmafly] ;w,l&bafM;k fctusl dkmafly] daT;wej xqM~l
Qksje vkfn 'kkfey gSAHkkjrh; ewy dh os blls igys
isfIldks dh eq[; foÙkh; lykgdkj FkhaA

uw;h 2006 esa isfIldks dh lhbZvks cuk;ha x;h FkhaA

12 o"kksaZ rd bl in dk lQyrk iwoZd fuokZg djus ds
ckn vDVwcj 2018 esa og fjVk;jesaV ysaxhA

vkenuh

2008 esa isIlhdks dh CEO ds :i esa] baæk uwbZ us

$1]49]17]701 dk dqy vkenuh vftZr fd;k] ftlesa
$13]00]000 dk ewy osru] $26]00]000 udn cksul]
$64]28]538 ds 'ks;j vkSj $43]82]569 ds fodYi 'kkfey
gSaA

2009 QkscZ~l losZ{k.k ds vuqlkj bafnjk uwbZ dks

nqfu;k esa rhljh lcls rkdroj efgyk dk uke fn;k x;k gSA

miyfC/k

os vejhdk dh nwljh lcls cM+h daiuh dh efgyk çeq[k

gSaA Q‚^;wZu us vesfjdk dh 'kfä'kkyh O;olk;h efgyk
dh lwph vyx ls fudkyh gSA blesa vkbZch,e dh fxuh
jksesVh 'kh"kZ ij vkSj isIlhdks dh lhbZvks bafnjk
uqbZ nwljs LFkku ij gSaA bafnjk Hkkjrh; ewy dh
gSaA mUgsa QkscZ~l dh vksj tkjh 30 lcls
çHkko'kkyh efgykvksa dh lwph esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k
gSA

2007 esa] mUgsa Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk m|ksx ,oa O;kikj ds

{ks= esa in~e Hkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA 2008
esa] og dyk vkSj foKku ds vesfjdu vdkneh dh
QSyksf'ki ds fy, pquh xbZ FkhA

tuojh 2008 esa] uwbZ dks ;w ,l&Hkkjr O;kikj ifj"kn

esa lHkk/;{k pquk x;k Fkk] ,d xSj ykHk odkyr O;kikj
laxBu] tks Hkkjr esa dkjksckj djus okyh nqfu;k dh 300
ls vf/kd lcls cM+h daifu;ksa dk çfrfuf/kRo djrh gSA
uwbZ USIBC ds cksMZ funs'kdksa dk usr`Ro djrh
gS] tks dh vesfjdh m|ksx ds çfrfuf/kd va'k dk
çfrfuf/kRo djrs 60 ls vf/kd ofj"B vf/kdkfj;ksa dh ,d lHkk
gSA
oSf'od vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk usrkvksa ds lewg }kjk bafnjk
uqbZ o"kZ 2009 ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh dk uke fn;k
x;k gSA

o"kZ 2012 esa vesfjdk esa eanh ds nkSj ls fuiVus

vkSj vkfFkZd j.kuhfr r; djus ds fy, vesfjdh jk"Vªifr cjkd
vksckek us bafnjk uqbZ lfgr Hkkjrh; ewy ds nks vU;
yksx dks ppkZ ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;k FkkA

v/;;u dh lhek,a

;g loZfofnr rF; gS fd ck/kk vkSj lhek,a fdlh Hkh v/;;u

esa mifLFkr gksus ds fy, ck/; gSa] ;g Hkh dqN lhek,a
gSa% &

• geus okjk.klh {ks= dks dsoy lhfer le; vof/k ds dkj.k

ekukA

• blds dkj.k] uewuk dk vkdkj dsoy 100 gS] tks cgqr

cM+k ugha gSA

• lHkh mÙkjnkrk Hkk"kk dh leL;k] le; dh deh vkSj

ldkjkRed O;ogkj dh deh ds dkj.k viuh ç'ukoyh Lo;a
ugha Hkj ldrs FksA
• mÙkjnkrk vU; czkaMksa ds ckjs esa dqN tkudkjh
dh deh ds dkj.k i{kikrh tokc ns ldrk gSA

• v/;;u ds fu"d"kZ bl /kkj.kk ij vk/kkfjr gSa fd

mÙkjnkrkvksa us lgh tkudkjh nh gSA

eSa cgqr HkkX;'kkyh gwa fd eSaus isfIldks bafM;k

gksfYMax çkbosV esa viuh baVuZf'ki dh gSA foi.ku
foHkkx esa fyA baVuZf'ki ds nkSjku eq>s nksuksa
vksj ls ekxZn'kZu feyk] ;kuh vdknfed :i esa nhokj ds :i
esa d‚iksZjsVA le;&le; ij esjs xq# us cktkj esa esjs
dke ls lacaf/kr funsZ'k vkSj ekxZn'kZu fn;kA

lej baVuZf'ki dk ewy mís'; d‚jiksjsV ,Dlikstj Fkk]

O;kogkfjd fLFkfr dks laHkkyus ds rjhds lh[kuk vkSj
d‚iksZjsV laL—fr dks le>ukA

esjk iwjk baVuZf'ki isIlhdks mRiknksa vkSj fcØh ds

çpkj ij dsafær FkkA

ftlesa esjh ftEesnkjh Fkh ……A

Market 'khry is; ds cktkj dks le>us ds fy,A

nd isIlh ds çR;{k vkSj vçR;{k çfr;ksfx;ksa dk fo'ys"k.k
djus ds fy,A

mRiknksa ¼ioZrh; vksl½ dh fcØh dks c<+kok nsus

ds fy,

Do epsaZMkbftax djuk ¼POG] Visi top] Mega

promotion] Display vkfn½

Out çhfe;e Dykl ds vkmVysV~l dk v‚fMV djukA

esjk lcls pqukSrhiw.kZ dke fjVsy vkmVysV~l dk esxk

çeks'ku Fkk vkSj esxk çeks'ku ds fy, esjk y{; 3
vkmVysV~l FksA esxk çeks'ku ds fy, fjVsylZ dks
le>kus ds dkj.k ;g pqukSrhiw.kZ dke Fkk vkSj ,d
esxk çeks'ku ds fy, ,d fjVsyj dks RsA 50000&150000
vkSj blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd ;g ,d cM+h ckr Fkh
ysfdu eSaus viuk y{; gkfly dj fy;kA

lej Vªsfuax vka[k [kksyus okyh dh rjg FkhA nwljs

'kCnksa esa baVuZf'ki okLrfod d‚iksZjsV nqfu;k dk ,d
Vªsyj gSA baVuZf'ki ds nkSjku eq>s irk pyk fd cktkj
esa cus jgus ds fy, le; dh ikcanh vkSj dM+h esgur dh
vko';drk gksrh gSA blds vykok] d‚yst esa] lS)kafrd
vo/kkj.kk,a cgqr lkjs 'kCnksa ds lkFk 'kCndks'k dh rjg
Fkha] ysfdu xzh"edkyhu çf'k{k.k ds ckn] 'kCnksa dk
d‚iksZjsV thou esa

v/;k;&4

ifj;kstuk

O;kogkfjd mi;ksx gksrk gSA iqLrd esa fl)karksa ds

vuqlkj phtsa fcYdqy ugha dh xbZ gSa] m|ksx dh
vko';drkvksa ds vuqlkj dqN la'kks/ku fd, x, gSaA

esjh ifj;kstuk us eq>s xzkgd laca/kksa dh

vo/kkj.kkvksa dk lgh Kku fn;k vkSj isIlhdks ds dke ds
ekgkSy dks le>us esa enn dhA
eq[; ckr] tks eq>s viuh iwjh ifj;kstuk esa feyh] og bl
çdkj gS%

isfIldks dk ekdsZV 'ks;j dksd ls T;knk gS

isIlh daiuh dk forj.k pkSuy cgqr vPNk gSA

isIlh dh foKkiu uhfr csgrj gS vkSj daiuh dk

epsaZMkbftax ij vf/kd /;ku gSA

Men [kqnjk foØsrk lsYleSu ds O;ogkj ls vlarq"V gSa

blfy, bl {ks= esa lq/kkj dh vko';drk gSA

[kqnjk foØsrkvksa ds lkFk daiuh dk laca/k ØsfMV

vk/kkfjr gSA

Great daiuh fcØh dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, cgqr ç;kl

djrh gSA

Direct [kqnjk foØsrkvksa vkSj daiuh ds chp dksbZ

lh/kk laokn ugha gSA

Inc ekxZ çHkkjh gSa ysfdu vf/kd i;Zos{k.k dh vko';drk

gSA
Aware fjVsylZ daiuh Ldhe vkSj mRikn fodkl ds ckjs
esa tkurs gSaA

çpkj ;kstukvksa dks [kqnjk foØsrkvksa ds chp

bZekunkjh ls forfjr ugha fd;k tkrk gSA

vuq'kalk,¡

1- [kqnjk foØsrkvksa dh leL;kvksa dk irk yxkus ds fy,

ekfld fujh{k.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

2- Ldhe [kqnjk foØsrkvksa dks eqgS;k djkbZ tkuh

pkfg, u fd iwjs foØsrkvksa dksA

3- lkeku fcØh ds vk/kkj ij çnku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

4- ,tsalh dh rqyuk esa de dher ij iwjs foØsrkvksa dh

fcØh dh tk¡p djsaA

5- [kqnjk foØsrkvksa dks ykHk çnku djus esa ,tsalh

vf/kd bZekunkj gksuh pkfg,A

6- fcØh cy esa o`f) dh tkuh pkfg, rkfd os vf/kd dekbZ

djus ds fy, nqHkkZouk esa fyIr u gksaA
 v/;k;

lanHkZ xzUFk lwph

1 MkW- tSu ih- %& foi.ku “kks/k izcU/k

lh- ifCyds”ku jes”k cqd
fMiks t;iqjA
2 MkW- tSu ,l- %& foi.ku ds fl)kar]
lh- ifCyds”ku lkfgR; Hkou
ifCyds”kuA
3 Jh dksBkjh %& foi.ku ds “kks/k
lh-vkj- la”kksf/kr laLdj.k
ifCyds”ku & ;w ,t
baVjus”kuy çkbosV
fyfeVsMA
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fu"d"kZ

dM+h esgur vkSj Qksdl yksxksa dks lQy cukrk gS]

lQyrk dqN ugha cfYd tfVy ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lgh fu.kZ;
ysuk gSA

dqy feykdj ;g isIlhdks bafM;k gksfYMax çkbosV

fyfeVsM esa ,d vPNk çn'kZu FkkA isIlhdks esa
çf'k{k.k 'kq: djus ls igys] ,d ,Q,elhth daiuh ds dke djus
ls lacaf/kr cgqr lkjs loky ,d uoksfnr çca/kd ds fnekx
esa ?kwe jgs Fks] ftUgsa iwjs dkedkt dks tkuus ds
fy, cgqr mRlkg FkkA laxBu ds vkSj dbZ lokyksa ds
tokc isIlhdks ds dk;Zdky ds nkSjku feysA vHkh Hkh
dqN ç'u vuqÙkfjr gSa vkSj os ,sls ç'u gSa ftudk mÙkj
dsoy 'kh"kZ çca/ku }kjk fn;k tk ldrk gS vkSj os
O;kogkfjd ç'u gSa ftudk mÙkj m|ksx esa dke djus ds
nkSjku Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA