Upgrade Preparation Session

As part of the Customer Facing Training project Public

Tomas Black/SAP Services and Support

March, 2015
Customer Facing Trainer
A SAP Support service initiative

Public

This presentation intends to train SAP customers who are about to

upgrade or update their systems, helping to avoid the most common
problems registered in SAP Support services.

The term "upgrade" is used for a major release change, and "update"
is used when applying EHPs over an existing product, when applying
Support Packages or when installing an Add-On.

The content included on this document express the latest information

processed by SAP Support services, as per its date stamp.

Content accuracy is assured as much as possible.

Agenda

Customer Facing Trainer introduction

 Brief description of the new services and scope of the upgrade preparation

Preparation
 Reviewing database, operating system and SAP system for the upcoming changes

The SUM tool

 Context, usage, news, nZDM

Technical Overview and troubleshooting

 Concepts of the different actions initiated by SUM and how to analyze errors

Post processing activities

 XPRAs phase runtime and SPAU adjustments.

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Introduction
Introduction
Benefits

Proactive actions

 A considerable number of incidents are worked reactively by customer alongside SAP Support, when software-related errors take place during
the maintenance of SAP systems. We were able to track down and classify these interactions, and the outcome showed an impressive 80% of
all UPG cases that were already documented or were consulting (how-to) requests. Had customers reached the properly knowledge channels of
SAP, most of the incidents would have never existed.

Based on that, SAP Support has developed a series of proactive solutions. This Customer Facing Training focus on examining customer systems
in all relevant aspects for upgrade scenarios, aiming to eliminate know gaps, problems and limitations.

System Optimization and Tuning

 Because the upgrade procedure is such a complex set of tasks that involves almost all ABAP and SAP Java technologies aspects, a direct result
of this investigation will be an optimized and tuned system. Going from the operating system level, through the database and ending up on the
SAP product, we’ll review and suggest on the most common settings

 In the end customers might have a considerable gain in SAP technology knowledge that can side effect to all Application areas, fostering
knowledge and ecosystem accountability

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Preparation
Preparation
• The preparation for an upgrade require many actions:

1. Check PAM for the OS x HW x SAP product combinations

2. Setup and configure your database accordingly before starting the upgrade

a) Oracle

o 1919276: Performance issues when running a SAP Upgrade (general note)

o 1171650: Automated Oracle DB parameter check (run the attached scripts to identify missing or faulty parameters)
o 830576: Parameter recommendations for Oracle 10g
o 1431798: Oracle 11.2.0: Database Parameter Settings
o 592393: FAQ: Oracle
o 1738989: Upgrade/Support Package import hang due to INACTIVE wait event "SQL*Net break/reset client" in Oracle

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Preparation

b) MSSQL

o 1744217: MSSQL: Improving the database performance

o 1237682: Configuration Parameters for SQL Server 2008
o 1702408: Configuration Parameters for SQL Server 2012
o 1986775: Configuration Parameters for SQL Server 2014
o 987961: FAQ: SQL Server I/O performance
o 363018: File management for SQL Server
o 1725220: New Trace Flags set and recommended with SQL Server 2012
o 1558087: SQL Server Statistics Maintenance
o 1054852: Recommendations for migrations using Microsoft SQL Server

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Preparation

c) DB6 (DB2 on Unix/Windows)

o 1314750 DB6: DBA Cockpit Correction Collection SAP Basis 7.00 / 7.10
o 1456402 DB6: DBA Cockpit Corrections for SAP Basis 7.02/7.30/7.31
o 1309424 DB6: DBA Cockpit Correction Collection SAP Basis 7.01 / 7.11
o 1312006 DB6: Database Performance Warehouse Master Note

o SAP DB2 document in SCN listing the important notes and documents

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Preparation

d) HANA

o 1732157: Collecting diagnosis information for SAP HANA

o SAP SCN Hana and In-Memory Computing troubleshooting document

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Preparation

Solution Manager

Maintenance Optimizer (MOPZ)

 The SUM tool uses a stack XML file generated in MOPZ to determine all dependent packages according to the target version and Support
Package levels. This stack file is mandatory.

 1887979: Requirements before opening an incident for MOPZ (update your SolMan following this note before generating the XML file)
 1600302: MOpz: Copy stack xml with a report (copy the XML file using this report or generate a new stack file for your next upgrade system)
 Oficial SAP MOPZ guide

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Preparation

SUM upgrade paths

 1981278: Software Update Manager 1.0 SP12 [lmt_008] (last SUM version)

 SUM usage paths for SP12 PDF

 Old SAPup for other upgrade paths: check for the target NW version. 701 (like EhP4), 702 (EhP5) and 711 (PI/XI).

 2 or even 3 steps-upgrade is OK

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Preparation

OS level

o Check for space availability on the OS level, especially in /SUM directory;

o Mount the medias on the local directory, avoid network /NFS drives;

o Consider the architecture of your OS: 32 or 64bit and the impact this has on ACT_UPG phase: note #1630256

o Set up parallelism in SUM according to note #1616401

o Check note #927637, specially the owners of file sapuxuserchk

o If possible, set the user limits on Unix-like Oss to unlimited

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Preparation

ABAP checks

o Check for inactive objects in SE80

o Check SM21 and ST22

o Update if SPAM/SAINT tools to the very last version available

o Update SAP kernel to latest patch level stack (not the kernel version!)

o Update the transport tools individually (R3trans and tp)

o Check if STMS and the background jobs are correctly configured: note #1541076

o Check for orphan update processes as per note #1280546

o Data class missing or misconfigured (KBA #1805195 – tablespaces handling during upgrade)

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Preparation

ABAP checks

o Perform consistency checks in SM65:

1. Run Transaction SM65

2. Select Goto ... Additional tests
3. Select "Consistency check DB Tables" and click execute.
4. Once you get the results check to see if you have any inconsistencies in any of your tables.
5. If there are any inconsistencies reported then run the "Background Processing Analyses" (SM65 .. Goto ... Additional Tests) again. This time check both the
"Consistency check DB Tables" and the “Remove Inconsistencies" option.
6. Run this a couple of times until all inconsistencies are removed from the tables.

 Make sure you run this SM65 check when the system is quiet and no other batch jobs are running. You'll have to cancel the
current batch activities as this would put a lock on the TBTCO table till it finishes. This table may be needed by any other batch
job that is running or scheduled to run at the time SM65 checks are running. Customers should also do the TEMSE and spool
consistency checks as per note #48400. Remove inconsistencies if any found.

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The SUM tool
The SUM tool

 Introduction

 Overview

 Difference between SUM and SUM with DMO

 New SUM GUI

 Advanced options and the

Near Zero Downtime (nZDM) option

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Configuration to influence downtime

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SUM in advanced pre-configuration to optimize the downtime

 Parallel operation of production system and shadow system

 Import of the substitution set into the shadow tables during production
operation (2nd shadow) enables the following in uptime

 Execute selected time consuming After Import Methods (AIMs)

 Activation ABAP loads (SGEN)

 Import selected customer transports (available on request, see note

1759080)

 near-Zero Downtime Maintenance (nZDM)

 Ongoing process improvements, e.g. faster log scanning or optimize main

import (TABIM-UPG)

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Quick facts nZDM

near-Zero Downtime Maintenance capability (nZDM) to minimize the business downtime

significantly in “Advanced Configuration”

Unrestricted available after a period of controlled delivery

 Introduction of "Record & Replay" technique for business transactions based

on database trigger technology

 Minimizes manual effort: all steps run automatically in background

 Minimal additional hardware requirements due to shadow-technique, only

additional DB space needed (80 – 350 GB)

 Is available for all ABAP-based Business Suite products

 Ongoing improvements based on customer feedback, e.g. reduction of pre-

processing and post-processing phase

SCN-Blog: http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-32544

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How to activate nZDM in SUM

Chose number of processes for change

recording replication (CRR)

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nZDM: Standard procedure vs. downtime procedure in SUM

Uptime Business Downtime Uptime

Ramp down
UPG/EHPi

Validation

Ramp up
Backup

Backup
Technical Customer SGEN
Installation Shadow transports
Preparation operation Downtime Add on,...

nZDM:

obsolete
technical
downtime
savings:
Additional runtime: 20-30 % 50 - 60%
Uptime Business Downtime Uptime
nZDM/SUM

Ramp down

Validation
NEW 2nd

Ramp up
Backup
Technical Cust.

Backup
Installation Shadow
shadow Downtime Trsp.
Preparation operation Add on
operation ,...

Downtime steps now in uptime: Record and replication

Shadow system
instance is created
in the background
 SGEN of changed tables SGEN not needed
 selected AIMs
 Customer transports anymore
 Main import & conversions

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Maintenance downtime improvements already realized
reference customer example
1:00
•
•
•
4:30 •

1:00
18:15 11:15 9:15
2:30 1:00
9:00
2:15
4:00

2:15

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Technical Overview
Technical overview

SUM initiates 4 different actions during an upgrade:

1. run ABAP programs

2. triggers background jobs

3. starts DB import actions via tp and R3trans

4. loads data from DVDs via R3load

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Technical overview – main picture

user interface main programs tools used during upgrade

User interaction & ABAP programs tp

SAPup output starts
SAPup
R3load DB
UI
SLC
(admin)
SAP system

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Technical overview – job phases: control flow
external programs within SAP system
RFC
SAPup function module

schedules

read & write job

write

logfiles in
DIR_PUT/log database

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Technical overview – transport phases control flow

datafile
SAPup start
read
tp
start

R3trans
read & write
write import
write

logfiles in database
DIR_PUT/log

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Technical overview – transport phases control flow (ACT, XPRA)

external programs jobs

start within SAP
SAPup tp start
sapevt system
trigger
RDDIMPDP
write
read & write schedules
write
RDD*

logfiles in
DIR_PUT/log
database
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Technical overview – bulk import phases control flow

datafile from CD
SAPup start
read

R3load
read & write
import
write

logfiles in database
DIR_PUT/log

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Technical overview – troubleshooting

Main log file: SAPupConsole.log

<open zip file>

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Technical overview – logfiles of job phases
During a JOB phase the following kind of logfiles are written :
<name>.LOG RFC login, start and check of a backgroundjob <name>
<name>.<SID> where <name> is not a transport logfile can be the logfile of a background job
<name>.ELG error collected from the previous log
<name>.SAV .LOG and .ELG from previous runs

Example for phase PARCONV_UPG :

PDDIT020.LOG RFC logon
ADDBIND.PR2 logfile of backgroundjob JOB_RDDIT020
PDDIT020.ELG condensed errors from ADDBIND.PR2
(PDDIT020.SAV) .LOG and .ELG from previous runs.

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Technical overview – logfiles of job phases: troubleshooting

1. Does SAPup finish with „errors found in logfile“?

No: check #2
Yes: check the .ELG and the logfile of the backgound job.

2. Could SAPup logon to the SAP system? (Check the .LOG file)
Yes: check #3
No (ie. error during logon): check if DDIC could logon in 000 with the given password.

3. Did the RFC call return successful?

Yes: check #4
No (ie. RFC error):
Check the authorisations for DDIC in 000.
Check the SAP system (SM21, ST11 rfc traces, ST22).

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Technical overview – logfiles of job phases: troubleshooting

4. Did the job finish sucessful (SM37)?

Yes: nothing to do.
No:
Find the corresponding work process (button ‚Job Details‘)
Check the corresponding dev_w* file in ST11 or on the OS level, directory …/work

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Technical overview – logfiles of transport phases: logfiles

SAPup calls tp with a special transport profile (TPPARAM).

Logfiles of SAPup :
 TP.ECO or SAPup.ECO stdout of tp,
 *.ELG collected error lines from transport logs.
Logfiles of tp :
 ULOG... Tp call inclusive used transport profile,
 ALOG<rel> finished steps (request, returncode),
 SLOG<rel> details of tp call.
Logfiles of R3trans :
 SAPI* (main) import logs,
 SAPH* dictionary import logs.
Logfiles of transport background jobs :
 SAPA* activation logs,
 DS<nnnnnn> distribution,
 N<nnnnnn> or NCONV<nn> conversion.
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Technical overview – logfiles of transport phases: troubleshooting

Did a tool write a error message into its logfile ? (Check the .ELG file)

Yes (an error line appears in ELG):

Check the corresponding original logfile mentioned in the ELG.
 R3trans import :
In most cases during import phases it is related to DB problems and a DB error message is found in the import
log.
 Activation error :
Check the object in transaction SE11.
 XPRA error or short dump :
Check the report documentation of the XPRA.

No (ELG of a transport phase does not contain error lines):

Check if tp did finish correct (ECO file).
Check logfiles written by tp for errors (esp. SLOG).
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Post processing
Post-processing: XPRAs and SPAU

• EXecution of PRograms After Import

XPRA or "Report after Put" is an ABAP program or Function Module that is executed during a transport request import sequence,
the import of a Support Package and during Upgrades/Enhancement Package installations.
The reports that are executed during XPRA are application-related conversions, adjustments, data mergers or alignments for the
conversion of release-specific SAP-shipped customizing that need to be adjusted during the upgrade. The runtime of the XPRA phase differs
from one application component to another - however XPRAs are used by all SAP modules and applications.
The XPRA phase reports are run as one of the last steps of the upgrade. However, due to the fact that table content is adjusted,
the XPRA phase needs to behttp://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/TechTSG/XPRAS+phases
done at application downtime. XPRA can also run as part of the activation of extension sets and IS add-ons.
XPRAs use jobs RDDEXECL, seen in SM37

Note #1947874 contains a comprehensive analysis of performance issues in XPRAs

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Post-processing: XPRAs and SPAU

• SPAU
• Must be run after the 1st system upgrade of the
landscape (usually DEV)

• Generates transport request which will be used on the

next systems (QAS and PRD)

http://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/TechTSG/XPRAS+phases
• 14-day expire period

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Post-processing: XPRAs and SPAU

SPDD and SPAU in upgrades

• Special “SPAU” request

• DEV  QAS  PRD

• Avoid duplicated work

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Resources and references

• Oficial SAP Systems Upgrade and Update troubleshooting Wiki

• SCN Software Logistics Space

• SUM download, guide, notes and related documents

• Upgrade newsletter (received via e-mail, also attached to this presentation)

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Thank you

Contact information:

Tomas Black
Upgrade Support Engineer
SAP Labs Latin America, São Leopoldo. Brazil

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