Best Practice Guide to

Pipe Marking

A Graphic Products Library Resource

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION  ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2

GENERAL PIPE MARKING: ANSI/ASME A13.1  ����������������������������  3

About the Standard
Color Coding
Label Sizes
Printed Details
Marker Positioning

STANDARDS FOR SPECIAL CASES  �����������������������������������������������������  7

ANSI/ASME A13.1 is a good starting point for most
3 pipe marking projects.
Ammonia Refrigeration: IIAR Bulletin No. 114
Healthcare Facilities: NFPA 99 and CGA C-9
Ships and Oceanic Facilities: ISO 14726
Water Treatment: Ten States Standards

MARKING YOUR FACILITY  �����������������������������������������������������������������������  8

Which Pipes Should Be Labeled
Inspecting Your Facility
Creating Your Pipe Markers

REFERENCE MATERIAL  ������������������������������������������������������������������������  11

General Pipe Marking Guide (based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)
Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide (based on IIAR Bulletin No. 114)
Standards for special cases like Ammonia
7
10 Refrigeration.
Pipe Marking for Healthcare Facilities (based on NFPA 99 and
CGA C-9)
Marine Pipe Marking Guide (based on ISO 14726:2008)
Water Treatment Pipe Marking Guide (based on the
Ten States Standards)
Commercial Building Pipe Marking (suggested system based
on ANSI/ASME A13.1)
Evaluation Checklist
Standard Abbreviations

Content may have been updated to reflect the latest codes,

standards, and regulations or to address any errors or omissions.
For the most up to date edition, visit: GraphicProducts.com/guides

This document contains information derived from sources we deem reliable. Graphic Products, Inc. has made reasonable efforts to ensure correctness but
does not guarantee accuracy or completeness. Graphic Products makes no warranties express or implied regarding the contained subject matter. Contents are
subject to change without notice. Graphic Products disclaims liability for injury, damage, or loss arising from reliance on the information contained herein. Users
of this information should independently consult municipal, state, or federal code and/or verify information with the appropriate regulatory agency.
INTRODUCTION
The following pages provide basic instructions for pipe label design, printing, and placement. These recommended practices will
help improve facility efficiency and increase safety through visual communication.

There are many names for contained structures that
direct the flow of a fluid: pipes, lines, tubing, conduits,
and so on. While the terminology varies, the goal is the
same everywhere. Workers, site visitors, and emergency
responders need to know what’s in those pipes. The solution
is pipe marking.
This guide is designed to help your facility comply with
widely accepted standards for pipe marking. Following these
standards helps ensure that everyone who enters your facility
has the information they need to work safely and efficiently.
Keep this guide handy to help you and your staff understand
how to create compliant pipe markers. The goal is to reduce
confusion, and to avoid dangerous situations, injuries, and
even deaths, by using bold, simple, and consistent labeling
methods.
Need help with your pipe marking? Graphic Products offers
on-site Compliance Assessment Services that include on-site
audits, recommendations, and best practices for general and
application-specific pipe marking. Call 877.534.5157 or visit
GraphicProducts.com/CAS for more information.

Pipe markers play a vital role in safety. They can provide information for emergency responders and save lives of on-site workers.

2     877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com
GENERAL PIPE MARKING: ANSI/ASME A13.1
There are dozens of standards for pipe marking, and they range widely in applicability, popularity, and legal requirements.
Because local regulations often specify a preferred standard, you should always check with your local authorities before
beginning a pipe marking project. This section of the guide will provide basic reference material for the most common standard,
ANSI/ASME A13.1, which forms an excellent starting point for most pipe marking projects.

About the Standard vapors that can burn in the air, or fluids that can release
such vapors, in the conditions that will be present in the
The ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard is the single broadest
facility. (Other standards and regulations use this term
recommendation for pipe marking in the United States. OSHA
with slightly different definitions.) “Oxidizing” refers to
regulations even refer to it for some specific industries, and it
materials that may not burn on their own, but contribute
is widely used across other industries as well.
to the flammability of other materials.
This standard was created in 2007 by combining the older • “Combustible” refers to any fluid that could pose a fire
ANSI A13.1 standard, from the American National Standards hazard, but is not “Flammable” according to the criteria
Institute (ANSI), with recommendations from the American above. (Again, this definition is different from those used
Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The older system in many other standards and regulations.)
used a color code that identified only whether a hazard
• “Water” covers all water systems that are not specifically
existed or not; the 2007 standard improved that system,
used for fire control.
using colors to identify what kind of hazard was present, if
any. • “Compressed Air” refers to any vapors that are not covered
by one of the other categories.
The 2007 standard was reaffirmed without changes in 2013,
but the 2015 edition included some minor revisions.
PIPE CONTENTS COLOR CODE
• Oxidizing materials were added to the color code. They are
identified with black text on a yellow background, sharing Fire quenching White text on red
that color scheme with the existing category of flammable
materials. Toxic or corrosive Black text on orange
• The hazard pictograms from the United Nations’ Globally
Harmonized System (GHS) were included as optional Flammable or oxidizing Black text on yellow
printed elements. These symbols can allow users to
include additional standardized information about Combustible White text on brown
hazardous materials.
The most recent edition of the standard can be purchased at Water White text on green
ansi.org or asme.org.
Compressed air White text on blue

Color Coding USER DEFINED White text on purple

The first step in designing a pipe marker is to choose the
colors to be used. ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends a color USER DEFINED Black text on white
code based on the hazards posed by a given pipe’s contents.
If multiple hazards are possible, use the most significant USER DEFINED White text on gray
hazard.
USER DEFINED White text on black
For the purposes of the A13.1 color code:

• “Fire Quenching” includes all fire suppression systems,

from water sprinklers to CO2 flooding systems.
• “Toxic or Corrosive” covers all materials that are
themselves toxic or corrosive, or generate toxic or
corrosive materials if accidentally released.
• “Flammable or Oxidizing” refers to two different but related
hazards. The standard uses “flammable” to describe
This color code uses the ANSI “Safety Colors,” which are
specifically defined color shades to ensure consistency
and clarity. Other color choices may be acceptable; check
with your local authorities. Document your choices to keep
consistent. Colors must be bright enough and different
enough that an ordinary viewer has no trouble identifying
which color is which.

877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com    3
General Pipe Marking: ANSI/ASME A13.1
No color code will be helpful if the viewer doesn’t understand
it. The complete color code your facility uses should always
be posted in a clearly-visible location. This helps to remind
workers of their facility’s organization, and quickly informs
site visitors and emergency responders.
Label Sizes
When determining the size of any label, the major concern
should be making the label large enough for viewers to see
and understand at a safe distance. This holds true for pipe
markers: naturally, larger pipes need larger labels, while
smaller pipes offer less room for marking. The size for a pipe
marker is generally based on the outer diameter (O.D.) of the
pipe to be labeled, including any outer covering or insulation.
This chart provides recommended minimum dimensions.
These refer to the size of a pipe marking label, or to the
section of pipe that is painted as a background for text.
OUTER DIAMETER LENGTH HEIGHT
OF PIPE OF LABEL OF LABEL*
0.75"-1.25" (19-32 mm) 8" (200 mm) 1" (25 mm)
1.5"-2" (38-51 mm) 8" (200 mm) 1" (25 mm)
2.5"-6" (64-150 mm) 12" (300 mm) 2" (50 mm)
8"-10" (200-250 mm) 24" (600 mm) 3" (75 mm)
Over 10" (over 250 mm) 32" (800 mm) 4" (100 mm)
*
Label heights shown are based on the text sizes recommended in the
ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard, with a small margin for added visibility.
Printed Details
Text is the most precise way to convey pipe contents. While
ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends a color code for quick
identification, it specifies that the most important element on
the label is the text, or “legend.”
The text on a pipe label should be brief and simple, but
specific. Start by identifying what material the pipe carries.
Additional information that indicates a hazard, such as
temperature or pressure, should be included as well.
4  
For optimum readability, the text on your labels should:
• Use all capital letters. Capitals are easier to identify from
a distance.
• Appear in a “sans-serif” or “block letter” typeface (like Arial
or Helvetica), rather than a “serif” typeface (like Times New
Roman or Courier).
• Spell out most words. Use abbreviations only when they are
clear and easy to recognize, and when it is impractical to
include the entire word or phrase. A pipe abbreviation chart
is included in the Reference Material section of this guide.
There are recommended text sizes which correspond to the
outer diameter of the pipe. These sizes measure a capital
letter from top to bottom.
OUTER DIAMETER OF PIPE HEIGHT OF LETTERS
0.75"-1.25" (19-32 mm) 0.5" (13 mm)
1.5"-2" (38-51 mm) 0.75" (19 mm)
2.5"-6" (64-150 mm) 1.25" (32 mm)
8"-10" (200-250 mm) 2.5" (64 mm)
Over 10" (over 250 mm) 3.5" (89 mm)
With common word processing software, you may only be
able to set the size of text in “points.” Common document
text is often a 10-point or 12-point size. To approximate the
height of a capital letter in inches, divide the text size in
points by 100. For example, a capital letter at a 100-point
size will be about one inch high, and the same letter at 200
points will be about two inches high. Specialized software,
such as the DuraSuite (LabelForge PRO for Kodiak) label
design program from Graphic Products, allows you to specify
an exact text size in inches or centimeters.
For hazardous chemicals, you may choose to add the GHS
pictograms for the hazards posed by the contents of a
pipe. This can offer an alternative way to describe hazards,
matching the international system for chemical hazard
classification. These symbols are only optional, and not
required under the ANSI/ASME standard.
The direction of flow should also be indicated on a pipe
marker, typically with printed arrows that accompany the text.
These arrows can appear at one or both ends of the label,
pointing in the direction of flow. If the flow direction changes,
the arrows may point in both directions.
  877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com
 General Pipe Marking: ANSI/ASME A13.1

Marker Positioning
The goal with label positioning is to ensure that any pipe can
be easily identified from the normal approaching positions.
This means that most pipes will need multiple labels. Place Markers...
Generally, pipe markers should be placed:
MARKER
• At any line entry or re-entry point
• Near any valves, flanges, branches, and changes in …adjacent …every 25' to 50' on
direction to changes straight runs is typical
in direction

MARKER
• At both sides of any ceiling, wall, or floor penetration,
or similar barriers to visibility
• Along straight runs of pipe, repeating frequently enough
to ensure easy identification MARKER MARKER MARKER

…adjacent …both side

The frequency of labeling along a straight section of of floor/wall
pipe follows different recommendations under different to all valves
and flanges penetrations

MARKER
standards. The NFPA 99 standard for healthcare facilities
requires an interval of no more than 20 feet (6.1 m) between
labels, for example. For general facility labeling, a common
recommendation allows up to 50 feet (15.2 m) between pipe
markers on long straight runs, or 25 feet in congested areas.
ANSI/ASME A13.1 does not specify a length interval between Label
labels. placement
in relation
to point
Label placement varies with a pipe's height. If a pipe is above of normal
the normal line of vision, place labels on the lower portion of approach
the pipe. If a pipe is below eye level, place the label on the
upper portion of the pipe. If other pipes or equipment are
in the way and a label would be hard to read, other labeling
approaches such as posting signs or hanging tags may be
more effective.

ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends a color code based on the hazards posed by a given pipe’s contents.

877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com    5
STANDARDS FOR SPECIAL CASES
Because of the wide variety of equipment, industries, and facilities that rely on pipes, there are many other standards in addition
to the common ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard.
Most of these other standards are created by committees as
recommendations for their respective industries, but they are
often incorporated into legal requirements after their creation.
Because these more focused standards are designed for
specific applications, they are not applicable to all facilities.
See the Reference Material section at the end of this guide for
simple reference documents for these standards.
Ammonia Refrigeration: IIAR Bulletin No. 114
The International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration (IIAR)
is an industry group built around the powerful technology of
ammonia-based refrigeration. As experts on the subject, they
have created a recommended standard for labeling the pipes
and equipment involved in these complex and potentially
hazardous systems. The standard is published in IIAR Bulletin
No. 114, but is often simply called the IIAR label standard.
This standard for labeling may require that a label be built
modularly, assembling different graphic pieces to create an
accurate pipe label. Each of these five elements should be
included:
1. A component abbreviation (such as “HTRL” for High
Temperature Recirculated Liquid)
2. The physical state of the ammonia in that pipe (“LIQ” for
liquid, “VAP” for vapor, or both)
3. A clear indication of the pipe’s contents (usually the word
“AMMONIA”)
4. The pressure level, either “LOW” (70 psig or less) or
“HIGH” (over 70 psig)
5. The flow direction, marked by arrows at one or both ends
of the label
The IIAR standard also specifies a matching but simpler
format for components, in which each piece of equipment is
identified by its name and pressure level.
IIAR Bulletin No. 114 can be purchased at iiar.org.
Healthcare Facilities: NFPA 99 and CGA C-9
When creating all-inclusive standards for hospitals and
other healthcare facilities, the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) based their recommendations on the
systems that were already successful in common usage.
The Compressed Gas Association (CGA) had already created
standards describing color-coding containers of compressed
gas. Because the CGA C-9 standard was already popular
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com  
for medical, scientific, and recreational applications, it was
adopted for use in labeling the related pipes and fittings in
medical facilities as well.
These standards use different colors to identify specific
common gases, and provide a framework for labeling
mixtures of those gases.
NFPA 99 can be purchased at nfpa.org; CGA C-9 can be
purchased at www.cganet.com.
Ships and Oceanic Facilities: ISO 14726
An internationally recognized standard covers markings
for pipes at sea, generally on oceangoing vessels. The
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
standard for these pipes is ISO 14726:2008. This approach
uses different-colored labels to identify different types of
materials, and uses optional bands of a second color to
further identify specific materials within a type.
While printed text is still recommended as the best and most
reliable identification method, these color bands may provide
an alternative for those who can’t read the labeled language,
such as multinational crews or international emergency
response teams.
ISO 14726:2008 can be purchased at iso.org.
Water Treatment: Ten States Standards
Water and wastewater treatment facilities may have miles
of pipes that carry water of one kind or another. A broad
standard like ANSI/ASME A13.1 would label most of these
pipes as “water,” whether the pipe carries raw sewer water
or clean potable water. Instead, these facilities usually adopt
more specialized systems. Often, the chosen approach
follows the “Ten States Standards,” which were created by
representatives from the states and Canadian province that
surround the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River.
The standards have been adopted as common practice in
many other states as well, and are even incorporated into
local law in certain areas.
The Ten States Standards can be viewed and downloaded at
10statesstandards.com.
 7
MARKING YOUR FACILITY
This section will walk you through the process of inspecting your facility and carrying out a full pipe marking project. This may
only need to be done once, if the labels and facility are carefully maintained, but it is probably best to schedule annual
re-inspections.

Which Pipes Should be Labeled Inspecting Your Facility

ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends marking all pipes with their
contents. This helps with general facility maintenance and
communication. In addition to this recommendation, some
industries and jurisdictions have specific legal requirements
as well. The first step in assessing your facility is to
understand what regulations apply there. Check with your
local authorities before you begin a project.
When beginning a pipe marking project, you should walk
through your facility and take notes on the labels that are
needed. This walk-through can be combined with your normal
maintenance inspections, but you will need to pay extra
attention to markers and labels. Look for the following.
Existing markers

There are some situations you won’t even need to ask about, • Check for damage, fading,
though. Pipe markers become important for safety when: discoloration, and readability.

• Pipe contents are hazardous, or could generate hazardous • Are the labels accurate?
conditions.
• The pipe serves a safety purpose, as part of hazard • Do they comply with your current
prevention or emergency response. marking color scheme?
• Flow must be redirected, shut off, or adjusted to allow for
maintenance or other expected work.
Pipes without markers
• The pipe or its contents could affect the procedures
followed during an emergency. • Look out for new equipment, or old
equipment that has recently been
Pipes in these situations must be labeled, because confusion altered.
could result in injury or even death. These labels clearly
fall under an employer’s general duty to provide a safe • Have markers been removed or lost?
workplace, incorporated into law as OSHA’s “General Duty What caused that removal?
Clause,” even when other regulations may not apply.
• If a pipe or fitting has no identification,
why not? The answers may lead you to
a better understanding of your facility’s
unique needs.

Markers that can't be seen clearly

• Are existing labels sized appropriately

and visible from an ordinary viewing
position?

• Would a different viewing position make

it difficult to see the labels?

• Would a hanging tag or sign be a more

effective way to mark a given pipe or
fitting?

Properly identifying pipes, valves, and containers will aid in safety.

8     877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

As you conduct your facility inspection, refer to a pipe
schematic or facility plan. Make sure that all the pipes that
appear in the plan are actually present in your facility, and
vice versa. Remember that the pipe system includes all
source, distribution, mixing, and discharge pipes, as well
as all of the fittings, valves, and tanks that they connect.
Each item should be accurately recorded on your schematic.
Facility maintenance or upgrades that have not been properly
documented can lead to oversights and accidents in the
future.
As the project continues, you can use the schematic to create
a list of any new markers that need to be created, and old
ones that need to be updated. Also note any existing markers
that are current, accurate, and visible; you may need to check
or change them later, and it will help long-term maintenance
to have a list of the different labels that are in place.
Periodically, you will need to repeat this inspection to
ensure that labels remain intact, legible, and accurate. Any
Regularly inspect pipe labels to
BEFORE
ensure correct labeling, readability,
and code compliance.
AFTER
Need to Extend Your Reach?
Label pipes UP TO 2O' without the aid of ladders, lifts,
or scaffolding with the Pipe Marker Applicator.
• Apply labels between widths of 1/2" and 4", and
lengths of 6 1/2" and 4'
• Comes with a standard 4'-8' pole
• Non-conductive* extension pole for 6'-11' and
8'-15' are available
*When kept free of moisture, water, or other
conductive liquids (up to 120/240 volts)
Improve safety in your workplace today!
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com  
Marking Your Facility
accumulation of oil or dirt should be cleaned away; damaged
labels should be reprinted. If a facility change has been
made and the labels are no longer correct, then new labels
are needed.
Creating Your Pipe Markers
An easy way to generate the large quantity of customized
labels required for a pipe marking project is to use an
industrial-quality label printer, such as the DuraLabel line
of labeling systems from Graphic Products. This printer line
offers a broad range of pipe marking supplies, including valve
tags, labels for challenging surfaces, and signs that can be
clamped onto pipes.
High- or low-temperature pipes, especially those in heating
and refrigeration systems, may require special label materials
and adhesives. Outdoor pipes will need tougher labeling
materials to survive weather and sun exposure. Facilities
using stainless steel piping may need to select low-halogen
label stocks to minimize the risk of corrosion. Small pipes
may need hanging tags or signs instead, for legibility. All of
these possibilities should be considered before the project
begins, so you don’t waste work replacing failed markers.
When applying your pipe markers, ensure that they are
placed securely and visibly. Request input from those who
work in the area to make sure that all pipes are labeled
clearly, and answer any questions that they may have.
Graphic Products offers on-site Compliance Assessment
Services that include recommendations and best practices
for general pipe marking, application-specific standards,
and keeping workers safe. Call 888.601.8535 or visit
GraphicProducts.com/CAS for more information.
Call 877.534.5157 or visit GraphicProducts.com
 9
Create Your Own Pipe Markers
with industrial sign & label printers

Increase efficiency at your facility by adding signs and

DuraLabel Kodiak
labels that identify pipes, valves, flanges, tanks, and Multi-color standalone printer complete with touchscreen,
actuators. Improve safety by clearly marking all hazards, wireless keyboard, and compliance software. No network
pipes, and containers. Durable indoor/outdoor vinyl needed. Create signs using 4" to 10" tape widths.

tapes and ribbons are easy to load, UV-resistant to

prevent fading, and are available in a variety of colors.
DuraLabel Bronco
Simple, compact, fast label
production. Use label supply
from ½" to 4" in width.
DuraLabel Toro
Standalone unit complete
with keyboard, touchscreen,
and software. No network
needed. Include the battery
and print anytime, anywhere
with ½" to 4" tape widths.

Tools for pipe marking when a standard label won't work.

Pipe Grabber Sleeves
TM
DuraTag , Slot Puncher, and Cable Ties
TM

Clear plastic pipe grabber sleeves For difficult to label pipes or

provide a clean surface for pipe
marking labels, enabling users to
identify dirty, oily, rusty pipes. Labels
are applied directly on the sleeve,
then the sleeve curls tightly around
the pipe.
situations where adhesive labels
are not appropriate, we offer the
Slot Puncher and Cable Ties.
Simply print your custom label
onto DuraTagTM Tag Stock, use the
Slot Puncher in each corner of
your label, and secure to pipe with our Cable Ties.

Pipe Marker Applicator Heavy-Duty Valve Tags

Need to extend your reach? Label pipes up to 20' Label pipes and valves easily with our Heavy‑Duty Valve Tags.
without the aid of ladders, lifts, or scaffolding with the Tags provide a rigid base for your label, and have pre-drilled
Pipe Marker Applicator. Apply labels between widths holes to hang with cable ties. Great for small pipes as pictured
of ½" and 4", and lengths of 6½" and 4'. and color-coding valves.

877.534.5157 | DuraLabel.com
REFERENCE MATERIAL
This section of the guide features quick-reference guides, charts, and lists for the most common types of pipe marking in
the field. These reference materials are also available as standalone pieces, handy for posting in your facility. Contact us to
request one.

The following reference materials are included:

• General Pipe Marking Guide (based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)

• Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide (based on IIAR Bulletin No. 114)
• Pipe Marking for Healthcare Facilities (based on NFPA 99 and CGA C-9)
• Marine Pipe Marking Guide (based on ISO 14726:2008)
• Water Treatment Pipe Marking Guide (based on the Ten States Standards)
• Commercial Building Pipe Marking (suggested system based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)
• Evaluation Checklist
• Standard Abbreviations

If you have any questions on labeling or pipe marking standards, please call our knowledgeable support team at 877.534.5157.
Always check with your local authorities for any legal requirements that may apply in your area.

Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide, page 13.

General Pipe Marking Guide, page 12. Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide, page 17.

877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com     11
 GENERAL PIPE MARKING GUIDE (based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)
12  

The following Pipe Marking Guide, offered by Graphic Products to aid in properly customizing pipe markers, complies with the ANSI/ASME A13.1 - 2015 Standard
for the Identification of Pipes.

Color Code Place Markers...

• To indicate direction of flow by labeling with arrows at one or both
MATERIAL PROPERTIES LETTER COLOR ON FIELD COLOR EXAMPLE ends of the label
• To be visible from the point of normal approach
HYDROGEN
FLAMMABLE OR OXIDIZING Black on Yellow • Near valves, flanges and changes in pipe direction
Fluids with vapors that will burn in air, or • Both sides of ceiling, wall or floor penetrations
fluids which cause other materials to burn • At any line entry or re-entry point
COMBUSTIBLE White on Brown • Every 25' to 50' on straight
CANOLA OIL pipe runs is typical
Fluids that may burn but are not flammable

TOXIC OR CORROSIVE Black on Orange

Fluids which are corrosive or toxic or will
NITRIC ACID ...every 25' - 50' on
...adjacent to changes
produce corrosive or toxic substances straight runs is typical
in direction
FIRE QUENCHING White on Red
SPRINKLER WATER
Water and other substances used in
fire‑fighting systems

OTHER WATER White on Green

BOILER WATER ...adjacent to all ...both sides of floor/
Any other water, except for water used in
fire-fighting systems valves & flanges wall penetrations

COMPRESSED AIR White on Blue MARKER

COMPRESSED AIR
Any vapor or gas under pressure that does Label placement in relation to
not fit a category above

MARKER
point of normal approach
  877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

DEFINED BY USER White on Black DEFINED BY USER

Pipe Marker Size Chart
DEFINED BY USER White on Purple DEFINED BY USER Letter and label dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter

OUTSIDE PIPE DIAMETER RECOMMENDED TEXT

DEFINED BY USER White on Gray DEFINED BY USER
INCLUDING COVERING MINIMUM LABEL SIZE HEIGHT
DEFINED BY USER Black on White DEFINED BY USER .75"–1.25" (19–32 mm) 1" x 8" (25 mm x 203 mm) .5" (13 mm)
Other color codes may also be acceptable, as long as your choices are consistent and documented, and the affected 1.5"–2" (38–51 mm) 1" x 8" (25 mm x 203 mm) .75" (19 mm)
workers are trained to understand the system.
2.5"–6" (64–152 mm) 2" x 12" (51 mm x 305 mm) 1.25" (32 mm)
Pipe Marker Text 8"–10" (203–254 mm) 3" x 24" (76 mm x 610 mm) 2.5" (64 mm)
Use clear and simple terms to identify the contents of each pipe. Over 10" (over 254 mm) 4" x 32" (102 mm x 813 mm) 3.5" (89 mm)
• Text should be easy to read from a distance NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75” in diameter be labeled with a permanent tag.
• Use a sans-serif font such as Arial or Helvetica
This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards or regulations. ©2003, 2017 Graphic Products, Inc. All rights reserved.
 AMMONIA PIPE MARKING GUIDE (based on IIAR Bulletin No. 114)
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com 

This guide follows International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration (IIAR) Bulletin No. 114, as revised in 2014. Facilities using an older version of the standard may
continue to do so, as long as their usage is consistent and documented.

Ammonia Pipe Markers – Five-Part Labels System Component Markers – Two-Part Labels

ACCUMULATOR
L
Piping Abbreviations O Component Abbreviations
W
Piping Description Abbr. Component/Equipment Abbr.
Booster Discharge BD 1 2 Accumulator (with/without int. coil) ACC
Booster Suction BS Air Cooled Condenser AC
1 2 3 4 5
Condenser Drain CD 1. Component Identifier Air Handling Unit AHU
Economizer Suction ES Name the component with black Air Unit AU
1. Piping Abbreviation
High Pressure Liquid HPL text on an orange background. Booster Compressor BC
Identifies the part of the system with text printed in black on an orange
High Stage Discharge HSD Abbreviations are acceptable; Controlled Pressure Receiver CPR
background. Abbreviations are recommended; see table of Piping
High Stage Suction HSS see the table of Component


Abbreviations. If additional identifying information is needed, include it here. Abbreviations. If additional Evaporative Condenser EC
High Temperature Heat Exchanger HEX
2. Physical State HTRL identifying information is
Recirculated Liquid
needed, include it here. High Pressure Receiver HPR
L V • For liquid ammonia, show “LIQ” in black on a yellow band High Temperature
HTRS
I A • For vapor, show “VAP” in black on a sky blue band Recirculated Suction High Stage Compressor HSC
Q P • If both states may be present, both elements may appear 2. Pressure Level High Temperature Recirculator HTR
High Temperature
HTS • For contents at 70 H Intercooler (with/without int. coil) IC
3. Pipe Contents Suction L
Hot Gas Defrost HGD psig or less, show O I Liquid Transfer Unit LTU
The word “AMMONIA” should be printed in black on an orange background. “LOW” in black on W G
Intermediate Pressure H Low Temperature Compressor LTC
4. Pressure Level IPL a green band
Liquid Low Temperature Recirculator LTR
L H • For contents at 70 psig or less, show “LOW” in black on a Liquid Injection Cooling LIC • For contents above 70 psig,
Low Low Temp Recirculator LLTR
O GI green band Low Stage Suction LSS show “HIGH” in black on a
W H • For contents above 70 psig, show “HIGH” in black on a red band red band Oil Pot OP
Low Temperature
LTRL Oil Separator OS
5. Flow Direction Recirculated Liquid
Component Marker Dimensions Pilot Receiver PR
Show the direction of flow with directional arrows, printed in black on an Low Temperature
LTRS Purger Unit PRG
orange background. The arrows may appear at one or both ends of the label, Recirculated Suction • At least 3.5 inches high
and may repeat around the circumference of the pipe if desired. Low Temperature Suction LTS • Lettering at least 2.5 inches high Refrigerant Pump RP
Medium Temperature Refrigerated Make-Up Air Unit RMAU
MTRL • Marker length will vary to allow
Recirculated Liquid Rooftop Air Unit RTU
for the length of the component
Pipe Marker Locations Medium Temperature
MTRS name Surge Drum SD
• Before and after any change in pipe direction. If the pipe ends at Recirculated Suction
• Pressure level band should be at Swing Compressor SWC
equipment or changes direction again within 24 inches (61 cm), the label Medium Temperature
MTS least 1.5 inches wide Thermosyphon Receiver TSR
in the short space may be omitted. Suction
Oil Drain OD Water Cooled Condenser WC
• Before and after any wall, ceiling, or floor penetration. Pump Out PO
• No farther than 40 feet (12 m) apart on extended runs of pipe. Relief Vent RV
• At least once in each room or area through which the pipe passes. Sub-Cooled Liquid SCL IIAR Suggested Pipe Color Scheme
Thermosyphon Return TSR
Thermosyphon Supply TSS In addition to the detailed
Thermosyphon Vent TSV labels, it may be helpful Color Pipe Designation
Pipe Marker Dimensions to include a color code for Orange High Pressure Liquid
Outside Pipe Diameter Minimum Minimum Minimum Min. Width of refrigeration system pipes. Yellow High Pressure Vapor
Including Covering Marker Height Marker Length Height of Letters State/Press. Bands These colors may be applied Sky Blue Low Pressure, High Temperature Liquid/Vapor
as paint over the length of
Blue Low Pressure, Low Temperature Liquid/Vapor
Up to 1.25" 32 mm 1" 25 mm 8" 203 mm .5" 13 mm .5" 13 mm the pipe, or as bands of
color applied periodically, Purple Low Pressure, Very Low Temperature Liquid/Vapor
1.25" - 2" 32 - 51 mm 1.5" 38 mm 8" 203 mm .75" 19 mm .75" 19 mm
as sufficient for pipe Gray Pressure Relief Vent piping
2" - 7" 51 - 178 mm 2.5" 64 mm 12" 305 mm 1.25" 32 mm 1" 25 mm
recognition. IIAR Bulletin Green Nonvolatile, Non-pressurized Process piping
7" - 10" 178 - 254 mm 3.5" 89 mm 24" 610 mm 2.5" 64 mm 1.5" 38 mm No. 114 suggests the color
  13

This, or any other pipe coloring scheme, should only be used in conjunction with a
Over 10" Over 254 mm 4.5" 114 mm 32" 813 mm 3.5" 89 mm 2" 51 mm scheme shown at right. clearly posted legend or key describing the color scheme in place.

This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards or regulations. ©2002, 2015 Graphic Products, Inc. All rights reserved.
 PIPE MARKING FOR HEALTHCARE FACILITIES (based on NFPA 99 and CGA C-9)
14  

NFPA 99 & CGA C-9 Standard Color Marking of Compressed Gas Containers, Pipelines & Valves for Medical. Use ANSI/ASME Pipe Identification
Placement & Orientation Standards.
LETTER COLOR EXAMPLE
MATERIAL PROPERTY ON FIELD COLOR Marker Location
Pipe markers shall be placed:
Single Gases
• to indicate direction of flow by labeling with arrows at
Oxygen USP† White on Green OXYGEN 50-55 PSI one or both ends of the label
Carbon Dioxide† White on Gray CARBON DIOXIDE • near valves, flanges and changes in pipe direction
• to be visible from the point of normal approach
Nitrous Oxide† White on Blue NITROUS OXIDE
• both sides of ceiling, wall, partitions or floor penetrations
Cyclopropane‡ Black on Orange CYCLOPROPANE • at least once in or above every room
• on straight pipe runs, at intervals of not more than 20 ft
Helium USP† White on Brown HELIUM 50-55 PSI
• at least once in every story height traversed by risers
Nitrogen NF† White on Black NITROGEN 160-200 PSI

Medical Air USP† Black on Yellow MEDICAL AIR Pipe Marker Size Chart
Instrument Air† White on Red INSTRUMENT AIR Letter & label dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter

Waste Anaesthetic Gas Disposal (WAGD)† White on Violet WASTE ANAESTHETIC

Minimum Minimum
Outside Pipe Diameter
Laboratory Air
Black on White/Yellow Length of Label Height
†
Checkerboard LABORATORY AIR Including Covering
Field Color of Letters
Black on White/Black
Laboratory Vacuum† Checkerboard 2 LABORATORY VACUUM
.75" - 1.25" (19 - 32 mm) 8" (203 mm) .5" (13 mm)
Medical-Surgical Vacuum †
Black on White MEDICAL VACUUM 1.5" - 2" (38 - 51 mm) 8" (203 mm) .75" (19 mm)
2.5" - 6" (64 - 152 mm) 12" (305 mm) 1.25" (32 mm)
Gas Mixtures of Oxygen USP and Nitrogen NF 8" - 10" (203 - 254 mm) 24" (610 mm) 2.5" (64 mm)
19.5% to 23.5% Oxygen‡ Black on Yellow 20% OXYGEN Over 10" (Over 254 mm) 32" (813 mm) 3.5" (89 mm)
80% NITROGEN
NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter, be
All other Oxygen Concentrates1‡ Black AND Green 40% OXYGEN labeled with a permanent tag
60% NITROGEN
  877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

Other Gas Mixtures

Pipes shall be placed…
Oxygen USP and Nitrous Oxide USP: 1‡ 52.5% OXYGEN
Blue on Green 47.5% NITROUS OXIDE
52.5% Oxygen USP, 47.5% Nitrous Oxide USP
Oxygen USP and Carbon Dioxide USP: 1‡ 93% OXYGEN ...adjacent to changes in
Gray on Green 7% CARBON DIOXIDE
≥ 93% Oxygen USP, remainder Carbon Dioxide USP ...both sides of floor/wall direction
penetrations
Oxygen USP and Helium USP: 1‡ 20% OXYGEN
Green on Brown 80% HELIUM
≥ 20% Oxygen USP, remainder Helium USP
Label placement in relation to
point of normal approach
1
Use the background colors of the Single Gases. For Other Gas Mixture pipe labels, use the major gas for label color and use ...adjacent to all
the minor gas color for text color. valves & flanges
2
Use a white box with a black outline behind the text.
†
Complies to NFPA 99 color marking standards.
‡
Complies to CGA C-9 color marking standards.
...every 20’ on straight runs

This guide is for general information only. Not intended to be used in place of CGA C-9, NFPA 99 or ANSI/ASME standards. © 2009, 2014 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 MARINE PIPE MARKING GUIDE (based on ISO 14726:2OO8)
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com 

Identification of Colors for the Content of the Piping Systems according to ISO 14726:2008.
Main Color (yellow) Main Colors: for group of similar substance Additional Colors: for specific substance
• applied as an adhesive tape or sign • should be surrounded by the main color
Marker Location
• painted on to the pipeline in transverse Pipe markers shall be placed:
• width needs to be less than the main color marking width
stripes Additional color markings may be added adjacent to a main color marking on
• painted on the pipeline on the total length a pipe, when necessary, to distinguish between pipes marked with the same
• at each penetration point in
• width is wider than the additional color main color listed, but carrying different types of medium. bulkheads, walls & decks
Additional Color (blue) Example: a pipe carrying diesel fuel oil and a pipe carrying heavy fuel oil.
marking • every 3-5 meters of pipe length
unless more frequent marking
Fuel (brown) Sea Water (green) Oils other than Fuels (orange) is needed due to pipe bends or
proximity to other pipe sources
Heavy Fuel (HFO) Decontamination Water Used Oil (Not Contaminated)
Aviation Fuel Thermal Fluid
• around the entire circumference
Sanitary Sea Water
of the pipe for 200 mm diameter
Biological Fuel Ballast Water Lubrication Oil for Gas Turbines


pipes (adhered at their ends by

Gas-Turbine Fuel Cooling Sea Water Hydraulic Fluid
overtaping)
Diesel Fuel (MDO) For ships mixed with navigation (sea-river ships) all outside waters Lubrication Oil for Steam Turbines
• once in each room
Lubrication Oil for Gears
• close to each valve
Flammable Gases (yellow) Steam (silver) Lubrication Oil for Internal
Hydrogen Combustion Engines
Steam for Heating Purposes
Acetylene Exhaust Steam
Liquid Gas
Fresh Water (blue)
Supply Steam
Sanitary Fresh Water
Potable Water
Marking of Pipes
Waste Media (black) Fire Fighting/Fire Protection (red) • pipes with more than 200 mm
Distillate
Black Water Fire-Fighting Water outer diameter, label makes up
Gas-Turbine Wash Water
Waste Oil/Used Oil Fire-Fighting Gas Feed Water about half the circumference of
Bilge Water Sprinkler Water the pipe
Cooling Fresh Water
Exhaust Spray Water • pipes with 200 mm outer diameter
Chilled Water
Grey Water Fire-Fighting Powder Condensate
or less, label makes up the entire
Sewage, contaminated Fire-Fighting Foam circumference of the pipe
Acids, Alkalis (violet) • label bundled pipes individually
• arrows pointing in direction of flow
Air & Sounding Pipes (maroon) Air in Ventilation Systems  (white)
Non-Flammable Gases (grey) • pipes with flow in opposite
Waste Media Discharge Air
Oxygen directions at different times may
Fresh Water Cold Mechanical Supply Air be marked with arrows pointing in
Fuel Inert Gas
Natural Exhaust opposite directions
Sea Water Nitrogen
Atmospheric Air
Refrigerant
• additional text to signify
Non-Flammable Gases unambiguously the content and/or
Mechanical Exhaust Air Compressed Air LP (low pressure)
Oil other than fuels function of the pipe
Decontaminated Supply Air Compressed Air HP (high pressure)
Steam • color stripes need to be
Mechanical Recirculated Air Control Air/Regulating Air
Fire Fighting perpendicular to the axis of the
Warm Mechanical Supply Air Breathing Aira
Acids, Alkalis pipe
Smoke Clearance Breathing Gasa
Ventilation System
Conditioned Supply Air a
This marking is used in submarines for distribution
Flammable Gases systems of breathing air from cylinders
  15

Natural Supply Air

This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. © 2009, 2011 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 WATER TREATMENT PIPE MARKING GUIDE (based on the Ten States Standards)
16  

This color code summarizes the Ten States Standards (10statesstandards.com), which have been adopted in several areas.

Water Treatment Plant Color Coding Wastewater Treatment Plant Color Coding Marker Location
Pipe markers shall be placed:
Type/Use of Pipe Color of Pipe Type/Use of Pipe Color of Pipe
• to indicate direction of flow by labeling with arrows at
Water Lines Sludge Lines one or both ends of the label
Raw Water Olive Green Raw Sludge Brown w/ black band
• to be visible from the point of normal approach
Settled or clarified Sludge recirculation • near valves, flanges & changes in pipe direction
Aqua Brown w/ yellow band
water or suction • both sides of ceiling, wall or floor penetrations
Finished or potable Sludge draw off Brown w/ orange band
water
Dark Blue • at any line entry or re-entry point
Sludge recirculation • on straight pipe runs in intervals sufficient for
Brown
Chemical Lines discharge
identification every 25 ft to 50 ft is typical
Alum or primary Gas Lines
Orange
coagulant
Sludge Gas Orange (or red)
Ammonia White
Carbon Slurry Black
Natural Gas Orange (or red) w/ black band Pipe Marker Size Chart
Letter & label dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter
Caustic Yellow w/ green band Water Lines
Chlorine gas or
Yellow Minimum Minimum
solution Nonpotable Water Blue w/ black band Outside Pipe Diameter
Fluoride Light Blue w/ red band Length of Label Height
Potable Water Blue Including Covering
Field Color of Letters
Lime Slurry Light Green Blue w/ 6" red band (150 mm)
Water for heating
Ozone Yellow w/ orange band or buildings space 30" apart
digestors .75" - 1.25" (19 - 32 mm) 8" (203 mm) .5" (13 mm)
(760 mm)
Phosphate 1.5" - 2" (38 - 51 mm) 8" (203 mm) .75" (19 mm)
Light Green w/ red
compounds Other Lines
Polymers or 2.5" - 6" (64 - 152 mm) 12" (305 mm) 1.25" (32 mm)
Orange w/ green band
coagulant aids Chlorine Yellow 8" - 10" (203 - 254 mm) 24" (610 mm) 2.5" (64 mm)
Potassium Sulfur Dioxide Yellow w/ red band Over 10" (Over 254 mm) 32" (813 mm) 3.5" (89 mm)
Violet
Permanganate
Sewage NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter, be
Soda Ash Light Green w/ orange band Gray labeled with a permanent tag
(wastewater)
Sulfuric Acid Yellow w/ red band Compressed Air Green
  877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

Sulfur Dioxide Light Green w/ yellow band

Waste Lines

Backwash Waste Light Brown Pipes shall be placed…

Sludge Dark Brown
Sewer (sanitary or ...both sides of floor/ Label placement in relation to point of normal approach
Dark Gray
other) wall penetrations ...every 25' - 50' on straight
Other Lines runs is typical

Compressed Air Dark Green

Gas Red
Other Pipes Light Gray ...adjacent to changes ...adjacent to all
in direction valves & flanges

*Pipe Marker location and size chart are based on ANSI/ASME standards. This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards.
© 2012, 2014 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 COMMERCIAL BUILDING PIPE MARKING (suggested system based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com 

This pipe marking guide adds color band recommendations to the popular ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard to provide additional detail for common piping service
types found in many commercial facilities. Using the color bands together with the ANSI/ASME standard, users will be able to easily identify piping systems,
especially those with varying kinds of water service.
ABBR. SERVICE TYPE PIPE LABEL VALVE TAG BAND COLOR BACKGROUND AND LETTERING COLORS Marker Location
CHWR Chilled Water Return CHWR (BLDG.)-CHV-## Pipe markers shall be placed:
BLUE GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING
CHWS Chilled Water Supply CHWS (BLDG.)-CHV-##
• to indicate direction of flow by labeling with arrows at
CWR Condenser Water Return CWR (BLDG.)-CWV-##
GREEN GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING one or both ends of the label
CWS Condenser Water Supply CWS (BLDG.)-CWV-##
CWGLR Chilled Water Glycol Return CWGLR (BLDG.)-CGLV-## • to be visible from the point of normal approach
CWGLS Chilled Water Glycol Supply CWGLS (BLDG.)-CGLV-## • near valves, flanges & changes in pipe direction
GOLD GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING
HWGLR Hot Water Glycol Return HWGLR (BLDG.)-HGLV-## • both sides of ceiling, wall or floor penetrations
HWGLS Hot Water Glycol Supply HWGLS (BLDG.)-HGLV-## • at any line entry or re-entry point


CTYW City Water CITY WATER (BLDG.)-CTWV-##

• on straight pipe runs in intervals sufficient for
DCWR Domestic Cold Water Return DCWR (BLDG.)-DCV-## identification every 25 ft to 50 ft is typical*
DCWS Domestic Cold Water Supply DCWS (BLDG.)-DCV-## LIGHT BLUE GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING
• Ammonia Only: minimum of 1 per area through which
DHWR Domestic Hot Water Return DHWR (BLDG.)-DHV-##
the refrigeration piping passes
DHWS Domestic Hot Water Supply DHWS (BLDG.)-DHV-## *
Every 40 feet for Ammonia pipe marking
DRAIN Drains* DRAIN (BLDG.)-DRAIN-## BROWN REFER TO ANSI/ASME STANDARDS
DTR Dual Temp Return DTR (BLDG.)-DTV-##
BLACK GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING
DTS Dual Temp Supply DTS (BLDG.)-DTV-##
FO Fuel Oil FO (BLDG.)-FOV-## WHITE YELLOW BACKGROUND, BLACK LETTERING
HPR Heat Pump Return HPR (BLDG.)-HPV-##
Pipe Marker Size Chart
TEAL GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING Letter & label dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter
HPS Heat Pump Supply HPS (BLDG.)-HPV-##
LTHWR Low-Temp Hot Water Return LTHWR (BLDG.)-HWV-##
YELLOW GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING Minimum Minimum
LTHWS Low-Temp Hot Water Supply LTHWS (BLDG.)-HWV-## Outside Pipe Diameter
MTHWR Medium-Temp Hot Water Return MTHWR (BLDG.)-MTV-## Length of Label Height
ORANGE GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING
Including Covering
Field Color of Letters
MTHWS Medium-Temp Hot Water Supply MTHWS (BLDG.)-MTV-##
HTHWR High-Temp Hot Water Return HTHWR (BLDG.)-HTV-##
RED GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING .75" - 1.25" (19 - 32 mm) 8" (203 mm) .5" (13 mm)
HTHWS High-Temp Hot Water Supply HTHWS (BLDG.)-HTV-##
1.5" - 2" (38 - 51 mm) 8" (203 mm) .75" (19 mm)
STM Steam STEAM (BLDG.)-STV-##
PINK GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING 2.5" - 6" (64 - 152 mm) 12" (305 mm) 1.25" (32 mm)
COND Condensate COND (BLDG.)-CNDV-##
8" - 10" (203 - 254 mm) 24" (610 mm) 2.5" (64 mm)
NG Natural Gas GAS (BLDG.)-GASV-## GRAY YELLOW BACKGROUND, BLACK LETTERING
CA Compressed Air COMP AIR (BLDG.)-CAV-## Over 10" (Over 254 mm) 32" (813 mm) 3.5" (89 mm)
PURPLE BLUE BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter, be
VAC Vacuum VACUUM (BLDG.)-VACV-##
labeled with a permanent tag
NOTE: Valve tags need to comply with ANSI standards. Pipe labels should be near valve to identify pipe content.
*
There are no standards for drains. Follow ANSI standards for background and letter colors; abbreviations may vary by facility.

Pipes shall be placed…

...both sides of floor/wall ...adjacent to all ...adjacent to ...every 25' - 50' on straight Label placement in relation to
penetrations valves & flanges changes in direction point of normal approach
runs is typical
  17

The Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide provides a suggested standard used to label pipes with additional information. This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards.
© 2011, 2014 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
18  

EVALUATION CHECKLIST

)
/R

ng
(L

izi
Use this checklist to keep track of the number and

ow

xid

r
er pe

Ai
Fl

g
type of labels needed during the evaluation.

/O

siv

in
et Pi

le

d
of

th
er

ls of
or
ch
se
le

ib

ro
am ide

at

id
n

ab

ol

be er
en
st

es

or
io

rW

lW
lC

La mb
bu
Di uts

/C
pr

Qu
ct

he

be

be
m

m
re

xic

Nu
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Name of pipe content

e
Location

Fla

Co

Co

Ot

La
Di

La
Fir
To
  877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

NOTES:
• See Color Coding under section “General Pipe Marking: ANSI/ASME A13.1” to determine the label color by the pipe contents.
• See Label Sizes under section “General Pipe Marking: ANSI/ASME A13.1” to determine the label size by the pipe diameter.
• The direction of the flow is either left or right relative to where the label will be applied.
• To estimate the number of labels, divide the total pipe length by 50 then increase the number for valves, penetrations, changes in direction, etc.
 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com 

The following table provides a list of standard abbreviations that may be used on pipe markers. Abbreviations should only be used to make the message easier
to read and when it is impractical to write out the entire word or phrase.

ABED Aux. Building Equipment Drains CAL Calibration/Calorie CPUS Central Processing Units
ABEDT Aux. Building Equipment Drain Tank CAUS Cause CR Control Room
ABFD Aux. Building Floor Drain Component Cooling Water/ CRB Chemical Recovery Boiler
CCW
ABFDT Aux. Building Floor Drain Train Closed Cooling Water CRDM Control Rod Drive Mechanism
ACB Air Circuit Breaker CD Condensate CS Containment Spray
ACK Acknowledge CDB Condensate Booster CSR Cable Spreading Room
ACT Actuate CDT Chemical Drain Tank CST Condensate Storage Tank


ADJ Adjust CHAM Chamber CW Circulating Water

AFW Auxiliary Feedwater CHAN Channel CWP Circulating Water Pump
ALM Alarm CHNG Change CYL Cylinder
AMB Ambient CHRG Charging D/G Diesel Generator
ANAL Analyzer CJB Cold Junction Box DEG Degrees
AO(V) Air Operated (Valve) CKT Circuit DEMIN Demineralizer
AVG Average CL Cold Leg DET Detector
BA Boric Acid CLNG Cooling DEV Deviation
BAR Bar Graph CMPT Computed DIV Division
BAT Boric Acid Tank / Battery CNMT Containment DO Diesel Fuel Oil
BD Blow Down COM Common DOT Dirty Oil Tank
BIST Bistable COMP Component DSCH Discharge
BIT Boron Injection Tank CONC Concentration DT Delta Temperature
BKR Breaker COND Condenser/Condensate ECCS Emergency Core Cooling System
BL Black Liquid CONDTY Conductivity EDT Equipment Drain Tank
BOP Balance of Plant CONT Controller EFCT Effect
BTM Bottom CONT ROD Control Rod EFLNT Effluent
BTU British Thermal Unit CONTR Control EHC Electro Hydraulic Control
BUP Backup COR Correction ELEC Electrical
C Centigrade (aka. Celsius) CORR Correlation EQ Equipment
C/CB Condensate/Cond. Booster COUNT Count EQUIP Equipment
C1M Cumulative One Minute CPM Counts Per Minute ES Extraction Steam
CAB Cabinet CPU Central Processing Unit ESS Essential Service
  19
 Standard Abbreviations (continued)
20  

ESF Engineered Safety Feature ID Identification/Inside Diameter NBL Noble

EXH Exhaust/Exhauster INBO Inboard NEG Negative
EXPANS Expansion INC Increase NEUT Neutron
EXTR Extracted Extractor/Extraction INF Influent NIS Nuclear Instrumentation System
F Fahrenheit INIT Initial NR Narrow Range
FCV Flow Control Valve INL Inlet NUC Nuclear
FD Forced Draft INSERTIN Insertion OG Off-Gas
FH Fuel Handling INST Instrument/Instantaneous OOS Out of Service
FLW Flow INT Internal OP Over Pressure
FO Fuel Oil INTERM Intermediate OPER Operator/Operating
FREQ Frequency IOD Iodine OT Over Temperature
FRNT Front ISOL Isolation OT-OP Over Temp-Over Pressure
FW Feed Water JUNCT Junction OUT Output
GOV Governor K Kilo OUTBD Outboard
GPM Gallons Per Minute LNG Long/Liquified Natural Gas OUTLT Outlet
GRP Group LO FLW Low Flow OVERLD Overload
GSC Gland Steam Condenser M/G Motor Generator Sets OVERTEMP Over Temperature
GV Governor Valve MAINT Maintenance OVRPWR Overpower
HG(A) Mercury (absolute) MAX Maximum PART Partial
HGHT Height MCR Main Control Room PARTIC Particulate
HIDP High Differential Pressure MFP Main Feed Pump PCT Percent
HL Hot Leg MIN Minutes/Minimum PCV Pressure Control Valve
HOV Hydraulic Operated Valve MOIST Moisture PENET Penetration
HP High Pressure MPH Miles Per Hour PMG Permanent Magnet Generator
  877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

HR(S) Hour MPS Miles Per Second PNEU Pneumatic

HRSG Heat Recovery Steam Generator MS Main Steam/Moisture Separator PORV Power Operated Relief Valve
HT RT Heat Rate MSIV Main Steam Isolation Valve POS Positive
HTNG Heating MSR Moisture Separator Reheater POT Potentiometer
HU/CD Heatup/Cooldown MTR Motor PPB Parts per Billion
HUT Hold up Tank MU Makeup PPM Parts per Million
HYD Hydraulic MVBL Moveable PR58 Process Radiation Monitor 58
I/P Current to Pressure NAOH Sodium Hydroxide PREAMP Preamplifiers
I/V Current to Voltage NAR Narrow PRG Purge
IA Instrument Air NAR RNG Narrow Range PRI Primary
 Standard Abbreviations (continued)
877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com 

PROC Process RNG Range/Running TB Turbine Building/Terminal Box/Block

PRT Pressurizer Relief Tank ROC Rate of Change TC Cold Leg Temperature
PS Power Supply RTD Resistance Temp. Detector TCV Temperature Control Valve
PSI Lbs Per Square Inch RTN Return TD Turbine Drain
PSIA Lbs Per Square Inch Absolute RVLIS Reactor Vessel Level Indication System TG Turbine Generator
PSIG Lbs Per Square Inch Gauge RW Radwaste THER Thermal
PSID Lbs Per Square Inch Differential RWST Refueling Water Storage Tank THRT Throttle
PT Point S/G Steam Generator THST Thrust
PTL Pull-To-Lock SA Service Air TREP Reference Temperature
PUL Pulverizer SB Service Building TRNA Train A (B, C, etc.)


PW Primary Water SEC Second TRNSNT Transient

PWR RNG Power Range SEL Select TRP Trip
PRV Pressure Relief Valve SEP Separator TTD Terminal Temp. Difference
PZR Pressurizer Relief Tank SERV Service TURBS Turbines
RC Reactor Coolant SFP Service Fuel Pump UNCONT Uncontrolled
RCDT Reactor Coolant Drain Tank SGTR Steam Generator Tube Rupture VAC Vacuum
RCFC Reactor Containment Fan Cooler SI Safety Injection VALS Values
RCL Reactor Coolant Loop SPEC Specification VAP Vapor
RCS Reactor Coolant System STDY Steady VAR Variance
RDT Reheater Drain Tank STNBY Standby VCT Volume Control Tank
RECOMB Recombiner STOR Storage VIB Vibration
REGEN Regenerative SUPPR Suppressed VNT Vent
REL Relative SUPRESS Suppression VOL Volume
RESID Residual SW Service Water/Switch WR Wide Range
RH Residual Heat SWST Secondary Water Storage Tank XFR Transfer
RHR Residual Heat Removal T/C Thermocouples XMTR Transmitter
RHT Reheat TAMB Ambient Temperature
RLY Relay TAVG Average Temperature

Graphic Products®, DuraLabel®, PathFinder®, Toro®, Bronco® and Lobo® are Registered Trademarks of Graphic Products, Inc. © 2008, 2018. Graphic Products, Inc. grants a limited revocable right to reuse
  21

portions of the material contained herein for non-commercial, internal, and educational/training use. Any use beyond that described here requires the written consent of Graphic Products, Inc. Licensee
agrees to reproduce the Trademark, Copyright, and Legal disclaimers in all works created under this license.
2/18