Assignment – 1:

Q1. Give the detailed description of Google File System (GFS)? Discuss its
applications, features and characteristics?
Ans- Google File System (GFS) is a scalable distributed file system (DFS) created by Google
Inc. and developed to accommodate Google’s expanding data processing requirements. GFS
provides fault tolerance, reliability, scalability, availability and performance to large networks
and connected nodes. GFS is made up of several storage systems built from low-cost commodity
hardware components. It is optimized to accomodate Google's different data use and storage
needs, such as its search engine, which generates huge amounts of data that must be stored.

The Google File System capitalized on the strength of off-the-shelf servers while minimizing
hardware weaknesses.

GFS is also known as GoogleFS.

Application of GFS-

The GFS node cluster is a single master with multiple chunk servers that are continuously
accessed by different client systems. Chunk servers store data as Linux files on local disks.
Stored data is divided into large chunks (64 MB), which are replicated in the network a
minimum of three times. The large chunk size reduces network overhead.
GFS is designed to accommodate Google’s large cluster requirements without burdening
applications. Files are stored in hierarchical directories identified by path names. Metadata - such
as namespace, access control data, and mapping information - is controlled by the master, which
interacts with and monitors the status updates of each chunk server through timed heartbeat
messages.
GFS features & characteristic include:

 Fault tolerance
 Critical data replication
 Automatic and efficient data recovery
 High aggregate throughput
 Reduced client and master interaction because of large chunk server size
 Namespace management and locking
 High availability

The largest GFS clusters have more than 1,000 nodes with 300 TB disk storage capacity. This
can be accessed by hundreds of clients on a continuous basis.
Q2. Explain the role of Elastic IP Address in cloud computing?
Ans- Elastic IP addresses are used by AWS to manage its dynamic cloud computing services.
Within the AWS infrastructure, customers have virtual private clouds (VPCs). Within the VPCs,
users have instances. The Elastic IP address is what is used to advertise the data within the
instance to the public internet.

If the discussion ended there, you would assume there isn’t much difference between a public IP
address and an elastic IP address. That is why we need a bit more explaining about what an
Elastic IP address is for.

Within the AWS cloud environment, AWS states that the Elastic IP is used for dynamic cloud
computing. The distinction here is important. If an instance goes down within AWS, you want to
maintain your IP address, as well as maintain communication with your AWS account.

Thus, an Elastic IP is a combination of a public IP address and a static IP address. It allows

you to continue to advertise AWS instances within your AWS network infrastructure.

But, to fully understand the elastic IP, we should understand static IP addresses and public IP
addresses.

Static IP
Your internet service provider (ISP) provides you an IP address. This advertises your computer to
the internet.

An IP address is like your home postal address, which is a piece in a larger city block. A city
block, in internet language, is a network prefix. To go one step further, network prefixes are part
of autonomous systems (AS). When connecting people to the internet, ISPs will assign an IP
address to your computer.

Public IP Addresses
A Public IP address is how the internet identifies you. A public IP address is the IP address that
communicates your internet connected device to the public internet.

There is the ability to have a public IP address or a private IP address. A private IP address is for a
private network. These are less common, and with your AWS infrastructure, not going to be in
your interest when discussing Elastic IPs.
Q3. Write short notes on various tools used in cloud computing?

Ans- Cloud Computing Tools:-

Best cloud computing tools are explained briefly highlighting its characteristics. These tools
reduces the infrastructure cost of the users and fulfil all characteristics of the cloud computing.
Use of these Cloud computing tools may be preferred to to meet various business requirements
of the users in a better way.

1. Microsoft’s Windows Azure-

Microsoft’s Azure one of the best cloud computing tools which provides various elastic and
scalable services to the users. As perspective of the development team Azure platform provides a
familiar and flexible support. Using the Azure platform user can access existing Microsoft
technologies to develop various applications [3].

Using Windows Live ID application developers can connect with Microsoft’s Azure Portal and
use various services of the windows azure. Currently Windows Azure support three main role.
This includes Web Role, Worker Role and VM Role [3].

2. Open Stack-

Open Stack is a one of the best cloud computing open stack platform. Open Stack is a scalable
and flexible platform enhance your investments in the technology and provide additional sources
of revenues from existing customer base. Its offering service model and product include. Public
Cloud, Hosted Private Cloud, Training, Converged Appliances, On-premise Private Cloud and
Powering SaaS Apps [4].

There are main three components on OpenStack listed below:

OpenStack Compute
OpenStack Networking
OpenStack Storage
All these components are tightly coupled with the OpenStack shared services and it’s also
accessible using the OpenStack Dashboard [4].
3. Amazon EC2-

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service that provides various types of elastic
compute capacity in the cloud. It’s mainly design for scalable computing resources for the
various users. Amazon EC2 reduce the time to required and obtain the server instances [5]. It’s
also provide complete control of various resources and interface allows to configure variety
types of resources. Below listed various benefits of Amazon EC2:

Elastic Web-Scale Computing

Flexible Cloud Hosting Services
Completely Controlled
Reliable and Secure
Inexpensive

4. CloudSim-

CloudSim is a simulation toolkit for modeling and simulation of various infrastructure and
services. Its develop by the Clouds Lab. By using CloudSim simulation toolkit researchers,
academics and industry based developers can focus on specific infrastructure design issues that
they can investigate without various hardware resources [6]. CloudSim provides below listed
functionalities:

Modeling and Simulation large scale data centers

Modeling and simlutation of virtualized server hosts
Application containers
Energy-aware simulation
Design various network topologies

5. Google App Engine-

Google App Engine provides Platform as a service to the users. It’s also can be configured
various runtime and operate with the different performance setting at the server side. The might
include separate services to handle the various tasks, such as

API requests from the mobile devices

Internal and Admin like requests
Backend processing such as billing pipelines and data analysis

Submitted By:-
Ankit Choukotiya
0901IT173D01
IT 3rd year