PLUMBING

AND IT’S TERMINOLOGIES

 Plumbing
- Is defined as the art of
science of installing pipes,
pipes, fixtures and other
apparatus to convey and
supply water in the buildings
and to dispose and discharge
waste water and other
substances out buildings in a
safe, orderly, healthy and
sanitary way to unsure the
health of life and property.
Plumber
-is a title given to a person who is
skilled in the field of sanitation. It was
derived from the ancient Roman word
Plumbarius which was taken from the
latin word Plumbum.

Plumbarius
-refers to an individual who worked
in the sanitary field of ancient Rome.
Plumbum on the other hand, meant
lead. A metal used as plumbing
material by Romans, preferred for its
twin properties of malleability and
resistant to acid.
 Plumbing in the Philippines
Before the decades of the 40’s, household plumbing
installation was considered as a luxury item available only to
the upper crust of the society. Majority of the population, aside
from not being able to afford plumbing installation in their
homes, where still unaware of the importance of sanitation
facilities in the form of an efficient water supply and waste
disposal system. Most of the households, particularly in the
rural areas, were adopting the indigenous and ingenious
methods of water supply and waste disposal, unmindful of the
ill effects brought about by poor sanitation.
Water Supply
-In the absence of an efficient water supply and distribution system,
water was provided through abundant rainfall, springs, wells, rivers, or
creeks, conveyed either through improvised bamboo pipes, or carried by
man himself, or through animal drawn carts, or sleds and were stored I an
earthen jars, wooden or bamboo containers.
Waste Disposal
-majority of the households
who cannot afford plumbing
installation in their homes, availed
of any possible means of
convenience for their waste
disposal. Some excreted in the
rivers, seashores, creeks or any
waterways, behind trees, bushes
or any secluded place as long as
during the time they excreted,
their private parts were not seen
in public.
Two Main Objectives of
Plumbing

1. To supply water to
different parts of the
building.

2. To remove and discharge

human wastes and other
substances out of building into
the public sewer or septic tank.
Conditions for an Effective Water Supply in building

To provide sufficient amount of water to supply each fixture.

To prevent back flow of used water into the water supply

system.
The Drainage System should Accomplished the
Following:
Fast removal of the waste with a minimum probability of leakage
and stoppage of drains.

To prevent the entry of house vermin and obnoxious gases into

the house from the piping system.
 Mandatory Requirements for a Drainage
System
All plumbing design and installations are
governed by a set of rules and limitations
prescribed by the National Plumbing Code, which
provides that:
That, all pipe joints That, the drainage That, the drainage
must be well fitted pipe should be pipe should be
and tightly graded or inclined provided with
pipe properly for a
connected with downward gravity adequate clean
each other to flow of water towards out, accessible for
prevent leakage the main sewer line or repair in case of
of gas and liquid. to the septic tank. stoppage.
The drainage system That, except for
must be provided That, the drainage
water closet,
with ventilation pipe system must be
each fixture shall
that will convey vented, to avoid
be provided with
gases to the siphonage or
atmosphere where it suitable trap that
back flow of the
can do no harm to will prevent back
water seal.
human health. flow of gases.
 Plumbing Design Unlimited
The design and layout of a plumbing
system is governed by set of rules
promulgated by the National Plumbing
Code. The code however, does not impose
a fixed standard design of the piping layout,
more particularly, the placing and location
of the various plumbing fixtures.
 The Drainage System
To anyone, the word plumbing connotes fixtures and piping
installations that will supply water and dispose waste in various forms.

Two Types of Waste

Liquid Waste That are coming from various

Solid waste That is
fixtures. Such as wash water from homes,
being discharged by
liquids used for cleaning in industries and
water closet. Such as
waste detergents.
These types of wastes are also conveyed and disposed
of by two types of drainage piping.

Soil Pipe are those pipes Waste Pipe are those

that convey waste pipe that conveys waste
coming from water from various fixtures other
closet. than water closet.
The Drainage Installation is Sometimes Referred to as
DMV means:

D • Drainage of solid waste

W
• Waste coming from various
fixtures other than water
closet

V • Ventilation of the piping

system
 Definition of Terms

Air Gap ABS (Acrylonitrile- Absorbent Absorption Field

butadiene-
An air gap in a styrene)
A material that is This is a seeping
water supply used to hold field designed to
system, is the Rigid black plastic gases, liquids or disperse the liquid
pipe used for solids or waste from a
unobstructed Drain, waste, and suspended solids septic tank
vertical distance ABS Pipe ad on it’s surface or through a filter
through Fittings vent lines. inside pores. bed.
 Access Panel Acid Dilution Basin Acid Waste Acid Waste
A covered A plumbing Any waste water Piping
opening in wall appurtenance containing
made near a connected to waste corrosives or acidic Simply put its
plumbing or
piping servicing a liquids that must be waste piping
part of a building neutralized before
electrical fixture to receiving corrosive entering the
and fittings that
allow access for or acid waste. municipal sewer are resistant to
maintenance. system. acid waste.
 Adaptor Adjusting Linkage Aerator Fittings Air Admittance
A fitting used to An adjustable rod a type of fitting Valve
installed on a
join dissimilar or strap that forms plumbing
piping methods the connection
fixture that designed to
mixes water with air.
i.e. sweat copper between the lift These fittings help
allow air into a
to threaded rod and the ball with water drainage
fittings, PVC to lever assembly of conservation and system without
cast iron. the drain. reduce splashing.
using a vent
 Air Chamber Angle Stop or Angle Anti-Siphon Valve Backflow
A vertical air filled Valve (Vacuum Breaker) The circumstance
pipe or manufactured Angle stops are
spring coil installed named because they
a device installed of water traveling
above the waterline in are manufactured at on a water supply from one system
a potable water a 90degree angle, line that prevents back into any part
system that absorbs they are used as shut water from of the main
pressure fluctuations off valves at the water backing up into distribution system,
when valves are intake of plumbing the potable water usually by
turned off. fixtures or appliances. system. siphoning.
 Back Siphonage Backwater Valve Basin Wrench Basket Strainer
refers to the back A valve that is A basin wrench A device shaped like
flow of used actually looks like a a cup or a basket
contaminated or
installed on the with holes or slots
house sewer that steel bar with a
polluted water from that fits inside a drain
a plumbing fixture or prevents water curved head with that allows water to
vessel into a water from backing up teeth on one end. drain out but
supply pipe due to a into the house. The other end ends catches debris
negative pressure in with a T handle. before it enters the
such a pipe. waste piping.
 Battery of Fixture Bends Bib Black Water
refers to any group Waste water from
of two or more
A generic term is synonymous toilet, urinals, bidets
similar adjacent given to all with faucet, or food prep
fixtures which elbows made cock, tap, receptacles or
discharges into a from all types of plug, etc. The waste water from
common horizontal piping material. word faucet is drains receiving
waste pipe or soil chemical waste.
branch. preferred.
Bleed (Water System) Blind Plug Body Sprays Blind Flange
To drain a pipe or A plug or cap
piping system of For all practical A flange that
used on no-hub
excess air by
piping to end a purposes these closes the end
opening plumbing
valves or drain line. It is are shower of a pipe. There
appurtenances affixed to the end heads. no opening for
exposed to the of the pipe by a the passage of
atmosphere no-hub coupling. water.
 Braided Supplies Blow Off Branch Branch Vent
A flexible pressure
tubing usually
A controlled is any part of A vent
made of synthetic outlet on a the piping connecting
material that is pipeline used system other one or more
encased in to discharge the main riser or individual vents
braided threads of water. stack. with the vent
steel or stainless
steel. stack.
Branch Water Piping Branch Interval Brass Seats and Brazing
The local domestic Seals uses (How To) Similar
water piping that the length of a In a plumbing to soldering, brazing
extends from the soil or waste valve the surface is the process of
vertical risers (or stack area on the filling a void (for
other mains) and plumbing) in a pipe
supplies water to
corresponding moving part of a
joint with a filler
in general to a valve and the
plumbing fixtures or stationary part of metal to join pieces
equipment. storey height. the valve. of pipe or fittings.
 Break Tank Bubbler Building Drain Bushing
A type of vessel that The lowest point of
holds a supply of it’s another word A pipe fitting
to describe a a drainage system
water that is to be
used for a specific where all of the used to join two
drinking fountain interior drainage pieces of
purpose (mainly
heating) other than like the ones you piping meets and is dissimilar sized
for consuming or see at a park. discharged into the
flushing plumbing piping.
sewer.
fixtures.
 Butterfly Valves Cast Iron Pipe Check Valves Calking
very thin and and Fittings a one way valve is plugging an
lightweight so space
and support are not Plumbing sewer in that is has one opening with
issues. It is closed and vent pipe inlet and one oakum, lead or
using a wafer or disc outlet that allows others materials,
and fittings that
that is mounted on a the a liquid to that pounded into
rod that is secured in
are made from travel in one the place or
the middle of the cast iron. direction. opening.
valve.
 Circuit Vent Cleanout Cleanout Cover Clevis Hangers
A branch vent that An accessible
serves two or more opening that is An esthetically A piece of metal
fixtures with integral placed in a drainage pleasing cover bent in the
traps like a water line at a convenient
location to
(usually chrome shape of a “U”
closet or fixtures with
plated) that that is used to
p-traps installed in a accommodate drain
support pipe or
battery (fixtures cleaning equipment hides a
in the event of a line conduit from a
grouped together).
blockage.
cleanout. structure.
 Closet Flanges Cock Hole Cover Cold Chisel Combined or
A flanged fitting Combination
A steel hardened tool
It is simply this, a that is manufactured
that is connected metal cover that in various lengths and Sewer
to the sanitary is inserted onto diameters with a piping that is
drainage system an empty hole in beveled end that is designed to carry
that is used to bolt your kitchen sink used for chipping and both rain water
breaking concrete,
a water closet or counter top. cast iron, steel and with sewage.
(toilet) to the floor. other hard material.
 Composite Compression Continuous vent Combination
Material Fittings Fixtures
a vertical vent
A kind of tubing or that is a a fixture
A material used pipe connection combining one
to manufacture where a nut, and continuation of
sink and tray or a
counter tops the drain to
then a sleeve or two or three
which the vents
and sinks. ferrule is placed compartment sink
over a copper or connects. or tray in one
plastic tube vent.
Combination waste Common Vent Cross Connection Dead End
and Vent System the extended
a drain from two Any connection in
a specially design or three fixture plumbing that potion of a pipe
system of waste connected to a allows potable that is closed at
piping to provide water to be one end permitting
single trap. It is
free movement of connected to a the stagnation of
air above the flow also called a dual water or air therein.
vent. non potable
line of the drain. water source.
 Developed Diameter Drainage System Dry Vent
Length Refers to the nominal Includes, all piping
A vent that
internal diameter (ID) within the public or
the length of such pipe, except ptivate premises does not carry
brass and copper
along the tube where the term
that conveys water or water
sewage, rainwater,
center of the refers to the outside or other liquid
become
pipe and fitting diameter (OD) of the waste, to a legal wastes.
pipe.
point of disposal.
 Dip Tubes Dishwasher Air Gap Downspout Piping Drain Piping Pitch
(Slope)
An apparatus that Also known as storm
Usually a plastic is usually mounted water piping. It is the In plumbing the
tube that is piping system that grade at which the
next to your handles the discharge drain piping is
inserted into faucet, either on of rain and melted installed to assure
the inlet side of the counter or in a snow water to the city that the waste water
a domestic knockout on the sewers, retention flows at a speed that
kitchen sink. ponds, or ground level
allows the piping to
water heater. pavement or grassy
be self scouring.
areas.
 Drain Tile System Drainage Fittings Drop-in Anchor Drum Traps
made of (Cast Iron)
inserted into a a circular metal
corrugated plastic, cast iron drainage canister with the
PVC or clay tile that fittings are pre-drilled hole inlet near the
collects subsoil threaded fittings in concrete. bottom of the trap
drainage and
allows it to dump
that are The anchor has and the waste
specifically used a metal cam outlet is at the top
into a sewer or for drainage
water retention inside. with a removable
piping. cover.
area.
 Duplex Pumps Ejector Pits Ejector Pumps Elevated Vacuum
Breaker
(Ejector or House A round, square or A device
Pumps) rectangular pit A vacuum breaker
manufactured to that is elevated off
(collection vessel) elevate water,
simply a that can be made the floor at 7ft-6″. It is
sewage or liquid above the average
pumping system from cast iron, steel,
PVC, fiberglass, waste from a height of a man with
that uses two lower level to a his arms stretched
pumps instead concrete or clay
point of discharge over his head.
tile.
of one.
Efective Opening Existing Work Fixture Drain
Fixture
The minimum cross Shall apply to that
sectional area at portion of a Branch The drain from
the point of water plumbing system that the trap of a
supply discharge, has been installed A pipe fixture to the
measured or and approved prior
to the contemplated
connecting junction of that
expressed in terms
of diameter of a addition, alternation several drain with any
circle. or correction fixtures. other drain-pipe
Epoxy Pipe Lining Epoxy Pipe Expansion Tank Express Riser
used when the Restoration A tank usually a water riser that’s
cost of digging This method is installed on a sole purpose is to
and or tearing used mostly in closed hot water bypass lower floors
walls and ceilings water piping and line used to absorb and service upper
apart proves to be it is most effective excess pressure floors so adequate
too cost in pipe sizes from due to thermal water pressure is
prohibitive. 1/2″ through 4″. expansion. maintained.
Extension Tailpiece Extra Heavy Soil Faucet Types Fill Valve
A length of tubular Pipe A faucet is any Most commonly
brass or PVC device that referred to as a
piping used to specified for controls the flow of Ball Cock;
extend the waste extreme water. The most
controls water to
on a kitchen, conditions and common types are the tank of a tank
lavatory or service has a very high kitchen, lavatory,
bar, service sink, type toilet.
sink. crush strength etc.
 Fixture Carriers Fixture Units Fixture Units Floor Cleanouts
A device that is (Drainage) (Supply) A readily accessible
opening installed in
installed behind a The quantity of The measure of the floor off of a
finished wall and load producing how much water horizontal waste line
anchored to the effects a a plumbing fixture to accommodate
floor to mount plumbing fixture needs for proper drain cleaning
and off the floor has on a plumbing function. equipment to
plumbing fixtures drainage system. remove potential
blockages.
Fixture Supply Fixture Unit Flow Rate Flood Level Ferrule
The total discharge A metallic sleeve
A water supply A device located called or otherwise
flow in gallons per
inside the tank for joined to an opening
pipe minute of a simple
the purpose of in pipe into which a
fixture divide by 7.5
connecting the gallons that provide maintaining water plug in screwed that
fixture with the the flow rate of that level for effective can be removed for
the purpose of
fixture branch particular plumbing flushing of the cleaning or examining
fixture as a unit of water closet. the interior of the pipe
flow.
 Floor Drains Floor Sinks Flushometer Flux (Plumbing)

An opening in the A receptor Valve comes in the form of

paste and it is
floor used to installed in a floor designed to brushed on copper
drain potential that receives deliver a or brass pipe and
liquid waste from drainage from measured fittings to remove
the floors into the indirect waste amount of water oxides and other
drainage system. lines. to a fixture to coatings for the
metals before joining.
flush out waste.
 Flush Valve Grade Group Vent Horizontal Pipe
A device located The slope or fall Any pipe or
at the bottom of
A branch vent
of pipe in that performs fitting, which
the tank for
flushing water
reference to a its function for makes an
closets and fraction of an two or more angle of more
similar fixtures inch per foot than 45° with
traps
length of pipe the vertical
 Friction (Water Friction Clamps/ Frost Proof Hose Bibbs Futures (Vent,
Piping) Riser Clamps or Sillcocks water and waste)
A friction or riser A faucet that delivers
the friction that water to locations
are fittings and or
occurs between clamp is used in piping installed
(usually outside) for
the plumbing and and capped to
water and the watering
mechanical trades landscaping or grass, accommodate
walls of the to support vertical washing vehicles or “future” plumbing
piping piping at each general cleaning. expansions
floor.
 Garabage Disposals Gas Piping Gate Valves G.P.M. – (Gallons Per
An electrically Minute)
The piping used to The gate valve is
powered plumbing typically operated by A unit of
appliance installed on deliver propane or a wheel handle and measurement used by
the outlet of a kitchen natural gas to a that handle lifts and plumbing material
sink that is used to home and it’s gas lowers a metal disc manufacturers to
grind up leftover powered or wedge cutting off convey performance
organic waste so it is
appliances in the or opening the flow or measure capacities
easily rinsed away of a fixture, water
home of water.
by LOTS OF WATER. piping and or waste
piping.
 Gravity Sewers Gray Water Gray Water Waste Grease Traps or
term used to generated by sinks, Pipe System Grease Separator
describe a house showers, bathtubs the piping and
drain which runs and clothes washers. storage system that
A device
under the basement It does not contain collects waste water designed to cause
floor and receives waste water from generated from separation and
the discharge from water closets, urinals, hand sinks, showers, retention of oil
soil, waste and other kitchen sinks or waste bathtubs and clothes and/or grease
drainage from pipes from dishwashers. washers. from liquid wastes
within the building.
Green Plumbing Hair Separator or Hand Held Shower Hand or Sink Auger
Hair Trap with Slide Bar This is a coiled flexible
any type of
these are installed A shower head that is cable that is
plumbing that on lavatories or sinks attached to a flexible contained inside a
promotes hose and can be metal cannister and
in beauty salons or moved up or down on has a self feeding
conservation of barber shops and a stationary slide bar auger bit to dig
water and or they catch link or or removed from a through blockages in
electricity. hair from entering holder and used to small diameter
the waste piping. rinse the hair and piping.
body.
Hard Water Head Pressure Heat Exchanger Heat Traps
It is the difference A heat exchanger allows cold water
a condition in elevation is an apparatus to flow into the
caused by between two such as coiled heater but
points of water copper or stainless prevents hot
minerals expressed in steel tubing that is water from flow
dissolved in weight of a given submerged in a out of the tank
height of a column
water. of water.
tank of water. when not in use.
 Hoar Frost Hot Tap Hot Water Return House Drain
Piping receives all of the soil
the frost that forms The process of and waste discharge
on vent stacks is piping connecting
tapping into from other drainage
from water vapor the end of a run of
water main or plumbing fixtures
piping within a home
coming in direct water supply line and/or appliances or building and
contact with air discharges it to the
while the line is back to a hot water house sewer that
that is below still active and in source i.e. a water begins 5ft outside of
freezing. use. heater or boiler. the building.
 House Pumps House Sewer House Trap Hub and Spigot Soil
The part of the a trap installed on Pipe
(Domestic Water
horizontal piping of a the house drain to usually made of
Booster Pumps) plumbing or drainage prevent sewer gases cast iron and is used
Variable system that extends
Frequency or from the house drain
and vermin from in sanitary drain,
constant speed. to it’s connection with entering a waste and vent,
Uses in commercial the main sewer or residence or sewer and storm
and residential. other place of commercial drainage
sewage disposal. building. applications.
 Ice Maker Indirect Waste Pipe Point of Use Water
Hydraulic Heater
A plumbing Waste piping from a
Pressure appurtenance that plumbing fixture or is installed at or
can be stand alone appurtenance that
The pressure or part of a isn’t connected
near a plumbing
fixture or battery of
applied by a refrigerator and is directly to the waste fixtures and it used
used to make ice drainage system of
liquid against for beverages or for a home or building
to service those
fixtures alone.
an object. therapeutic uses
 Tankless Water International Plumbing Invert Invert Elevation
Code or IPC
Heaters
adopted in 1995; The lowest point the cornerstone
a high capacity representatives from of the inside of elevation for the
heater used to BOCA, ICBO and the any type of mechanical
serve multiple SBCCI were all used to
produce an all horizontal waste, and in particular
locations in a vent or water
inclusive set of rules the plumbing
home or business. and regulations based piping.
on existing model trade.
codes
Iron Filter Tank Isolation Valves J-Hooks Lead
Any type of valve A soft and
Any device installed on the
made of plastic,
steel or copper extremely heavy
that removes potable water system
that isolates a section plated and come metal was used in
dissolved or of a building, a in different sizes to
almost every aspect
of the plumbing
undissolved iron battery of bathrooms accommodate industry at one time
or plumbing
from potable mechanical
different sized or another.
drinking water equipment pipe.
Lead Flashings Lead Pan Lead Pick Lead Pot and
a durable a tool that looks like Ladel
thin sheets of malleable material an awl, with a metal
lead used to used to water tip bent at a 90° Used primarily to
water proof proof a shower or
angle or like a hook, pour lead and
that is used while
vent stacks mop basin where drilling out an old oakum joints for
through the stone or tile is lead joint, to pick out waste and vent
being used as the loose lead and piping.
roof. flooring oakum.
 Local Vent Pipe Lateral Main Sewer Main Vent
A pipe on the A secondary pipe The principal
fixture side of the in plumbing; a
A sewer line or
artery of the
trap throughout common sewer in system directly venting system
which vapor or sewage to which controlled by to which vent
foul air is removed no other public
from a room or common sewer is
branches may
fixture authority be connected
tributary.
 Liquid Waste Loop Vent Main Pipe Man Hole
a single vent pipe The central pipe line A circular cover
Any liquid usually manufactured
discharge from a connected to the to which all other
branches are from cast iron that is
plumbing fixture horizontal drainage part of a larger
piping that connected. This
that does concrete structure
receives the covers all plumbing used for easy excess
not contain piping systems i.e.
human or animal discharge from to any number of
one or more waste, vent and below grade
waste matter. water piping. plumbing equipment
unvented fixtures.
 Mechanical Joints Mechanics Lien Mini-Widespread Mixing Valve
Faucet
Any type of pipe and A form of legal
fitting joining method has a separate spout A plumbing valve
protection and handles but fits that mixes hot
that ensures a water afforded to
tight seal using the on a lavatory with a 4″ and cold water
contractors and spread and opposed
following: gaskets, and delivers
couplings, grooved suppliers obtained to a widespread
as collateral faucet which fits on a them at a
fittings and specific
against unpaid lavatory with an 8″
couplings, nuts and
bolts, etc. bills. spread. temperature.
 Molded Stone Nipples No Hub Soil Pipe Plumbing Fixtures
used for laundry a device that is
tubs and to A short piece of A type of pipe hooked up or
describe a fiberglass pipe threaded normally made installed to the
product on both ends of cast iron, potable water
impregnated with a
calcium resin. It’s
used to join two without hubs, system which makes
the potable water
extremely durable threaded joined with no available to flush
while being low fittings. hub couplings liquids
cost.
Plumbing Valve Rate of Flow Roof Drain Sanitary Sewer
any valve used This is a term a plumbing A house drain
appurtenance
to regulate the used to describe installed on a or a house
flow of water in the volume of building roof, sewer designed
a potable or moving water as and used to
inside a gutter or
it related to a
human waste in a parapet wall remove only
time period. to receive rain
water system. sewage.
water
Plumbing System Relief Vent Re-Vent Pipe Rough-in
Is that part of the vent
Includes the water The primary pipeline which The installation of
supply distribution function is to connects directly with all parts of the
pipes, plumbing provide an individual waste or plumbing system
fixtures and traps, circulation of air group of waste,
which can be
soil, waste and underneath or back
vent pipes, house
between of the fixture, and completed prior
drain and house drainage and extend either to the to the installation
main or branch vent
sewers vent systems. pipe
of fixtures
 Return Bend Public Sewer Secondary Siamese
A common sewer Branch Connection
An open return
bend usually directly controlled A Y connection
by public Any branch in used on fire lines
with inside
authorities where a building drain so that two lines of
threads, but other than the
all abutters have hose maybe
applied also to equal rights of primary branch connected to a
180º bend in connection hydrant or to the
pipe same nozzle.
 Sewage Soil Pipe Sub-Soil Drain
Septic Tank
A combination of Any piping which
The part of the
A tank water carried wastes
from a residence,
transports the
discharges of one of drainage system
designed to business buildings, more water closets or which transports
institutional and bedpan washers with subsoil ground or
receive raw industrial buildings or without the seepage water to
sewage. together with ground
surface and storm
discharge from other
fixtures to the house
the house drain or
water. drain. house sewer.
 Standpipe Side Vent Stack Group
Stack
A vent Term applied to the
A vertical pipe The vertical location of fixtures in
connecting to the
usually used for drain pipe through relation to the stack
the storage of
main of a so that by means of
a fitting at an
water, angle not greater
system of soil, proper fittings, vents
may be reduced to
frequently than 45º or to the waste or vent a minimum
under pressure. vertical pipe
 Stack Vent Stack Venting Sump Trap
A fitting or device so
The expansion of A method of A pit or designed as to
a soil or waste venting a receptacle at provide when properly
stack above the fixture or fixtures a low point to vented a liquid seal
that will prevent the
highest throughout the which the liquid back passage of air
horizontal drain without materially
soil or waste waste are
connected to affecting the flow of
the stack. stack drained sewage through it
Suspended Solids T&P Valves Tempering Thermal
The solid waste A relief valve used Valves Expansion
material held on tanks or vessels
afloat that is activated A valve used to The expansion
or suspended in by too much control of water or
the transport temperature(T) or temperature to material from
medium in this too much pressure a constant heat
case it’s water. (P) temperature.
 Toilets Trap Seal Trap Primers Trap Weir
A plumbing fixture The maximum A device used The highest point
designed to vertical depth of of water held in
receive human liquid that trap will to prime a p-
excrement from retain, measured trap, preventing a trap (either p-
the user of the between the the evaporation trap or s-trap)
fixture to the crown weir and of water form before it leaves
sanitary sewer top of the dip of the trap the trap and
system. the trap drains
 Vent Stack Vent System Vertical Pipe Waste Pipe
A vertical pipe A pipe or pipes Installed in a
installed primarily installed to provide Conveys
for the purpose of a flow r circulation vertical position liquid waste
providing of air within the or at an angle
circulation of air to plumbing system to of no more than from fixture
different parts of protect trap seals 45º with the that is free of
the drainage siphoning and vertical.
system back pressure
focal matter
 Water Distributing Water Service Water Supply System
Pipe Pipe consists of the water
In a building or service pipe, the
premises, a pipe that the pipe from the water distributing
conveys water from water main or pipes, and the
the water service other source of necessary connecting
pipe to the plumbing pipes, fitting, control
water supply to valves, and all
fixtures and other the building appurtenance in or
water outlets
served adjacent to the
building or premises.
 Wet Vent Wafer Check Urinals
Valve A plumbing fixture that is
A vent that flushed by potable
a check valve water that is designed to
receives the that is used when receive human urine,
discharge from space constraints the discharge is
disposed into the
wastes other won’t allow sanitary system.
than water traditional check
closet valves to be used.