INDEX

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

LIST OF FIGURES IV
LIST OF TABLES V
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS VI
ABSTRACT VII

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Problem definition 1
1.3 Objective of work 2
1.4 Organization of documentation 2

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Introduction 3

2.2 Existing system 3

CHAPTER 3
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
3.1 Introduction 6

3.2 Need for embedded systems 8

3.3 Explanation of embedded systems 8

3.3.1 Software architecture 8

3.3.2 Stand alone embedded system 10

3.3.3 Real time embedded system 10

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 3.3.4 Network communication embedded systems 11

3.3.5 Different types of processing units 12

3.4 Applications of embedded systems 13

3.4.1 Consumer applications 13

3.4.2 Office automation 13

3.4.3 Industrial automation 14

3.4.4 Computer networking 14

3.4.5 Tele communications 15

CHAPTER4
SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Introduction 16

4.2 Process for software implementation 16

4.3 Source code 18

CHAPTER 5
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTAION
5.1 Block diagram 33

5.2 AT89S52 33

5.2.1 Necessity of micro controller 35

5.2.2 Features 37

5.2.3 Pin diagram 38

5.2.4 Pin description 38

5.3 Memories 42

5.4 LM324 48

5.4.1 Introduction 48

5.4.2 Advantages 49

5.5 GSM modem 49

5.5.1 Definition 49

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 5.5.2 Working and specification of gsm 50

5.5.3 Architecture and building blocks 51

5.6 LCD module 54

5.6.1 Commands used in LCD 56

5.7 Buzzer 56

5.7.1 Features 56

5.7.2 Uses 57

5.8 Relay circuit 57

5.8.1 Design of a relay 58

5.8.2 Construction of relay and its operation 59

5.8.3 Different types of relay 61

5.8.4 Applications of relay 63

CHAPTER 6
RESULT 65

CHAPTER 7

7.1 CONCLUSION 67

7.2 FUTURE SCOPE 67

REFERENCES 68

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 LIST OF FIGURES

FIG NO FIG NAME PAGE NO

Figure 3.1 A modern example of embedded systems 7

Figure 3.3.4 Network communication embedded systems 12

Figure 3.4.1 Automatic coffee makes equipment 13

Figure 3.4.2(A) Fax machine 13

Figure 3.4.2(B) Printing machine 13

Figure 3.4.3 Robot 14

Figure 3.4.4 Computer networking 14

Figure 3.4.5(A) Cell phone 15

Figure 3.4.5(B) Webcam 15

Figure 5.1 Block diagram 33

Figure 5.2 AT89S52 micro controller 34

Figure 5.2.3 Pin diagram of AT89S52 IC 38

Figure 5.2.4(A) Functional block diagram of micro controller 41

Figure 5.2.4(B) Oscillator and timing circuit 42

Figure 5.4.1 Pin diagram of LM324 48

Figure 5.5.1 GSM module 50

Figure 5.5.2 GSM signal using TDMA & FDMA 51

Figure 5.5.3 Basic blocks of the whole GSM system 52

Figure 5.6 (2*16)line alphanumeric LCD display 54

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Figure 5.8.1 Inner part of the relay 58

Figure 5.8.2(A) Electro magnetic relay 59

Figure 5.8.2(B)Working of the relay circuit 60

Results 66

LIST OF TABLES

1.Explanation of some of the abbreviations used 53

2.Functioning of LCD 55

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

WAV……….Windows Wave

AU………….Audio Unit

MP3………...MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) Layer-3 sound file

BC…………..Before Christ

WWII………World War 2

USS…………United State Ship

IP……………Internet Protocol

PDU………...Protocol Data Unit

LACK……….Lost Audio Packets Steganography
WLAN………Wireless Local Area Network
HICCUPS……Hidden Communication System for Corrupted Networks
USENET……..User Network
ASCII………..American Standard Code for Information Interexchange
LSB………….Least Significant Bit
CD…………...Compact Disc
DFT………….Discrete Fourier Transform
SS…………....Signaling System
P2P…………..Peer to Peer
HAS………….Hospital Administration Software
LS……………Large Scale
BMP…………Bit Map
DCT……........Discrete Cosine Transform

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 ABSTRACT

Now a days, electrical accidents to the line man are increasing, while
repairing the electrical lines due to the lack of communication between the electrical
substation and maintenance staff. This project gives a solution to this problem to
ensure line man safety. In this proposed system the control of the electrical lines lies
with man .
This project is arranged in such way that when line man goes to repair he has
to make a call to the circuit breaker using GSM, which is connected to the main
supply then it automatically switch off the power supply of a particular line and
whenever the line man finish his work then again he has to switch off the power
supply of that line.It is very secure.
In our project a number is placed in the microcontroller and it compares with
the number .if both the numbers are matched then the power will be off.

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