Exercises

Level - 1
(Problems Based on Fundamentals)

Direct Substitution Method (DSM)

2016
1. Evaluate : lim (x 2  6x  10) 2. Evaluate : lim (x  x 2017  2)
x 1 x 1

Factorisation Method (FM)

 1 

2
 x  3x  2   1 x 3 
3. Evaluate : lim  2  4. Evaluate : xlim  2

x 1  x  5x  4  1   
1 x 3
 

 x 3  7x 2  36   x 2  x log x  log x  1 
5. lim
Evaluate : x 2  2  6. lim
Evaluate : x 1 
 x3  1 
 x  2x  8   

Rationalisation Method (RM)

x  1  x 1 
7. Evaluate : lim 8. Evaluate : xlim  
x 0 ax  ax 0  x 

3 5 x 1 x  1 x
9. Evaluate : lim 10. Evaluate : lim
x 0 1  5  x x 0 2x

1  4x  5  2x  7  2x  5  2 
11. Evaluate : lim 12. Eavluate : lim  
x 0 x2 x  10  x 2  10 

3
a  2x  3x 7x 2
13. Evaluate : lim 14. Evaluate : lim
x a 3a  x  2 x x 1 (x  1)

 x 2  8  10  x 2 
lim  
15. Evaluate : x 1  2 2 
 x 3  5x 

Standard Result Method (SRM)

5 5
x x a a (x  2) 3  (a  2) 3
16. Evaluate : lim 17. Evaluate : lim
x 0 x a x a xa

xm  a m (1  x)n  1
18. Evaluate : lim 19. Evaluate : lim
x a xn  a n x 0 x
 (x + x2 + x3 + . .. + x11)
20. Evaluate: Jim 37. If Jim (x + x + 1 - ax - b) 4, then fi nd the
n 2

x--.1 X- 1 X + 1
-
=
X-->0

(n + l)x + n values of a and b.

21. Evaluate: Jim
x''+ 1 -

x4 sin(}) x2
2
( � l
,HI (x-1)
lim
38. Evaluate x-->-oo
. '11 + x2 ·- '11 - 2x 1 + lxl
22. Evaluate: hm 2
x->0 (3� . X + 4X ) ' Trigonometric Limit
(si n3x
23. Evaluate: hm
. (�-�)
x->I X - 1
39. Evaluate: lim
x-+0 5X
)

. �+ �+ ¼ - 3) (s�n a.x
24. Eva1uate: I 1m ( 40. Evaluate: lim )
X-> I X -1 x-+0 Slll b X

_ ((100 ) - 100 )
k�/
.
41. Evaluate: hm (
sin2x + 3x)
.
x-+0 4 X + Slll6 X
25. Evaluate: hm
X -1
. (sin2x + sin5x)
42. Evaluate: hm .
X->I
-- .
x-+0 Slll4 X + S106 X
Infinity Method (IJ.\il)

Iim (4 11 + 5")ii
26. Evaluate: fl400
. I
43. Evaluate: lun
. (l - cos4x)
'
x-+0 1 - COS 6X

Jim
27. Evaluate: ,.,...... . ("l - cos2x)
2

(1 + 2 + ; + ... + n ) 44. Evaluate: hm

. x-+0 2 '
x'' + y"
X

Jim ( ---
28. Evaluate: n400 xn - yn )
, where O < x < y. . (cos7x - cos9x)
45. Evaluate: hm
x-+0 COS3 X - COS5 X
lim ( �x2 + 2x - x)
29. Evaluate: X-->oo
. 1 - COSX 'VCOS2x
46. E valuate: l 1m ( )
lim ( �x + 8x + x)
30. Evaluate: x�-oo 2 x-+0 x2

t nx - sinx
47. Evaluate: Jim (a
+ - 1 ;�; 3 )
31. Evaluate: Jim ( x\ 2x )
x->0 X
2x - 3x - 2 . cosx cos2x cos3x
48. Eva1 uate: I. 1m (1 -
x-+oo

)
32. Evaluate: x-+O sin 22x
. (x + 1)10 + (x + 2) 10 + ... + (x + 2012) 10 . sin-1x - tan-1x
49. Evaluate: hm (
hm (
x->oo
x 1o + 2012
) 10 · x-+0 3
)

. (x - sinx
X

33. Eva.laute: 50. Evaluate: hm )

1 · n + 2 · (n - 1) + 3 · (n - 2) + ... + n ·
x->0
. 1)
3
X
hm ( . (x - t nx
a
n->oo
� . 51. Evaluate: Jim )
x->0 3
34. Evaluate:
X
. ( x + sinx
52. Evaluate: !�'° lt + cosx)

53. Evaluate: +
([ns�nx] [nt�nx])
l�rta
-1
Jim (x
35. If x-+oo
2

X +1
- ax - b) = 2, find ht e values of a 54. If= min {x2 + 2x + 3, x2 + 4x + 10}
and b. and b = lim ( 1 - cos 8), ht en find the value
., .....o e2
· +1
lim (x
36. If X-+ - ax - b) =0, find the values of a and b.
2

X+ l of L (arbn-r).
II
00

r=O
 acosx + bxsinx 5 (cosa/ + (sina/ - 1
55. If lim ( ) exists and finite, then 73. Evaluate: Jim ( )
x """?o x4 X"""?2 X - 2

find the value of a + 2b + 10.

excosx - 1 - x
74. Evaluate: Jim ( )
x """?o
sin(ncos2 x)) sin (x2 )
56. Evaluate: lim (
x """?o x2 75. If a = min {x2 + 4x + 6 ' 2
X + 2X + 8}
Exponential Limit
sinx cosx
4x - and b = Jim ( x _ x ) , then find the value of
57. Evaluate: lim
x """?o
(e 5x 1) 11
x """?o e e-

e3x
58. Evaluate: lim ( x -
x """?O e5 _ l
1)
Aex - Bcosx + Ce- x
76. If lim ) = 2 then find the value
x """?o xsinx
ex e x- - 2
59. Evaluate: lim ( + 2 )
x """?O x of A + B + c + 10.

e3 +x - sinx e3 Logarithmic Limit

60. Evaluate: lim
X"""?O X
log(l + 3x)
ex - esinx 77. Evaluate: lim ( )
x"""?o sin2x
61. Evaluate: lim
x """?o x - sinx
log(l + 3x)
78. Evaluate: Jim ( ).
ex - excosx x"""?o log(l - 2x)
62. Evaluate: lim ( )
x """?o x + sinx
logx - 1)
7 9. Evaluate: lim (
63. Evaluate: lim (
ex - 1- x) X"""?e X - e

X"""?O :x2 logx - log5

80. Evaluate: lim ( ).
X"""?5 X - 5
3x - 4x - 2x + 1
64. Evaluate: Jim ( )
x """?o x2 log(x + 5 ) - log(5 - x))
81. Evaluate: lim (
X"""?5 X -5
2.6x + 4x
65. Evaluate: Jim � -
X"""?O ex - log(x + e)
82. Evaluate: Jim ( )
x """?O ex _ l
ax - a0
Jim ( x - a ) , a > 0
66. Evaluate: X"""?G
ln(cosx)
83. Evaluate: lim ( )
X """? 0 �,.---------,1 2
ax+h+ax-h_2ax "\/l+X- -1
67. Evaluate: Jim ( )
X"""?O h2 ln(cos(sinx))
84. Evaluate: lim ( )
8 -7 x x x """?o x2
68. Evaluate: lim ( x - x )
X"""?O 6 5
85. Evaluate: J0!, (x _ x 2
In ( 1 + ¼))
X
- 1) W - 1)
69. Evaluate: Jim ( CSx xx - 1
X"""?O (3 - 1)(6x - 1 ) 86. Evaluate: Jim ( )
· x """?l xlnx
x·2x - x 87. Evaluate: Jim (-1- _ �1-)
70. Evaluate: lim ( ) X"""? 1 lnx x- 1
X"""?O l - cosx
In cotx
ex - e x- - 2x 88. Evaluate: I i � ( )
7 1. Evaluate: lim ( ) x""7- 1 - cotx
x"""?o x - sinx 4

L'Hospital Rule
e2 - 1 - x3)
72. Evaluate: Jim ( ex - 1 - x
x"""?o sin6 2x 89. Evaluate: lim ( )
x """?o x2
 90. Evaluate: lim (
ex
3
- 1 -x3
)
' .
111. Evaluate: hm (
n---?oo
a- I +
a
'Vi;)"
6
x--->0 64x
Sandwitch Theorem
91. Evaluate: lim (
ex - e x- __ 2 x)
x O---> x - smx
112. Evaluate: ;� (x2sin (¼ ))
lnx - 1
92. Evaluate: lim ( X ) 113. Evaluate: lim (
srnx
x--->e - e
x--:>oo X
)

93. Evaluate: Jim (x + tan2x) x]

x--->O x-tan2x 114. Evaluate: lim ( [ X )
x--:)oo

94. Evaluate: Jim

(sinx - x)
x--:>e , 115. Evaluate: lim (�)
X., X--->= [X]
x2 ] + [2x] + [3x] + .. . + [nx] .
95. Evaluate: Jim (e + e-2 - 2- 2
x x

116. Eva Iuate: 1.1m ( [x )

l'
x--->O sin x - x n--->= n2
xex -log(l + x) Newton and Leibnitz RuJe
96. Evaluate: lim �
L
)
x--->0

f
X
lnx x - cos(t2 )dt
97. Evaluare: lim ( X ) ( )
117. Evaluate: lim __ o3___
x--:>oo

98. Evaluate: Jim (�x ) x - 6x

(J �4
x--->O
x�oo e

dt
99. Evaluate: lim (x _
20 14)
)
x--:>oo e·\ 118. Evaluate: Jim _o ____
x--->=
x3
{ x2 + 2co x - 2
100 .. Evaluate: 1im � )
x--->O \ xsin-' x
101. Evaluate: li� (tanx loge sinx) 119. Evaluate: lim
x---> I
x--:>-
2
Definite Integral as the limit of a sum
Advanced Exponential Limit

102. Evaluate: lim

x--->=
(x + 6 'J-"+ 4
X + 1
120. Evaluate: lim [-1- + _l _ + _l_ + ... +
n--->= n+ l n+ 2 n+ 3 2n
_!_]
1 1 l...
103. Evalu.ite: lim (
2X+ 4 ) 2x+ JO 121. Evaluate: lim [-2 -2+_1_+_ _ + ... + ]
x--->= 2x + 3 n--->= ,i + 1 n +2 n +3
2 2 2 2 2n

104. Evaluate: }��(sin(¼)+ cos(¾)r

2n
122. Evaluate: lim L ( r )
11--->=,-;1./2 2
�n + r
a + b' ·+ e )
x x
105. E,Yaluate: lim (
x--->0 3 123. Evaluate: lim £ ±. ( 2nr + 1)
n--->= r;l n
n
106. Evaluate: lim (2 - XI
-� ya (¥)
x---> 1 ( <2n)! 1112
124. Evaluate: lim )
x))
1
n!xn"

. l1
n--->=
107. Evaluate: Jim (tan ( !E + In lnx
14
i
x--->I
Advanced limit in the form of (0 ° and 00° )
ln ( tan ( + 2x\)
; ) 125. Evaluate: Jim (x-x2y2
108. Evaluate: hm
x--->b sin3 x x--:)0 +

109. Evaluate: Jim ( tan x) !Ix

x--->0 X

+ t�nx cosecx
110. Evaluate: Jim ( l )
x--->0 1 + SJ11X
 Hints & Solutions
Level - 1

1. lim (x 2  6x  10)
x 1
= 1 – 6 + 10
= 11 – 6
=5

2. lim (x 2016  x 2017  2)

x 1
=1–1+2
=2

 x 2  3x  2 
3. lim  2 
x 1  x  5x  4 

 (x  1)(x  2) 
= xlim  
1 (x  1)(x  4) 

 (x  2) 
= xlim  
1  (x  4) 

 1 2  1 1
=  1  4   3  3
 

 1 

 1 x 3 
4. lim  2

x 1   
1 x 3
 

 
 
1 
 1 x 3 
 lim  
x 1  2
  1  
 (1)2   x 3  
   
   

  1 
 
 1  x 3  
   
 lim    
x 1  1  1 
 1  x  3 1  x  3  
    
  

 
 
 
1  1
lim 
x 1   1 2
 1  x  3  
   
 
[1]
 . _J1+X - -{f=-i
= IIffi ----- -v1+x+-{f=-i
\i'l+x+f'f=x
X ------
x-40 2x

. x2+xlogx - logx- .
- IIffi 1 +x- I +x
6. hm(------- -
1)
x-40 ( 2x('fl+x+-vf=x )
x-41 x3 - 1

=hm(
. (x2 - 1)+(x - l)logx) .
- IIm 2x
x-40 2x( 'i'f+x+("1f=x) )
(
X-41 X3 - }
. 1
((x+1) + logx = I.Jill (
=hm -----) X-40 ( \i1+x+-{f=-i))
x-41 (x2+ + 1)
X
2 =
=

-11+4x - -/5+2x
7. Jim(
X-40 ...Ja+X
X ) 11. 1,Im (
.
)
- ...Ja-X x-4 2 X-2
.
= IIffi (-- --- X------
...J7i"+x+--fii"-=x ) = lim\11+4x -�
+
\l1+4x �)
x-4 2 (
X
x-40 ...fii+x-...Ja -x ...fii+x+--fii"-=x x-2
X
-/1 +4x+-/5 +2x

. x(--.fa+x+�) . 1+4x-5 - 2x
=hm (
=hm-------
( ) H2 (x-2) ( \l1+4x +-/5 +2x) )
x-40 (a+x - a+x)

- . 2x-4
. x(--.fa+x+�) - IIm
= hm( ) x-42 ( (x - 2)(-/1+4x+-/5 +2x) )
x-40 2x
. 2 (x-2)
. (...fii+x+...Ja - x) =hm(
= hm( ) x-42 (x-2) (-/1+4x + -/5 +2x) )
X-40 2
+ 2 . 2
= lim(...Ja ...Ja ) = = IIm(
x-42 -/1+4x+'15+2x)
...Ja = ...Ja
x-40 2 2

1 2 2 1
8. lim('1f+Xx - ) = = =
x-40 -/9+ -/9 6 3

=
r!ID
(11+x X
-1
X
K+x+1
)
12. hm
. (-/7+2x - (�+"'12) )
x-40 'fl+x+ 1 X-4\!IO X2 - 10
r l+x-1
- Iffi
- X-40 ( X('1l+x+ 1) ) . -/7 +2x - (�+"'f2) -/7 +2x+(�+"'f2)
= hm --- ---- x- ---- --
x-4\!IO ( x2-10 -/7 + 2x+(�+"'f2))
X
= lim(
x-40 x('fl+x+ 1) ) . 7 +2x - (�+"'12)2
= hm
1 x-4\!IO ( (x--/Io)(x+-/Io)-/7+2x+(�+"'12))
= rIffi
HO ( ('1f+x+1) )

1 . 7 + 2x-(5+2+2-/Io)
= hm )
=
2 (
x-4\!IO (x--/Io)(x+-/Io) (--.ff+2x+(�+"'12)

9. lim 3-
-Js+x
. 2 (x--!Io)
x-40 1-K-=-x = hm
H\l!O ( (x--!Io) (x+-!Io)(--.ff+ 2x+(�+"'f2)))
= (3 - �)
1-� . 2
= IIm ( )
H\l!O (x+-/Io) (-/7 + 2x+(�+"'f2))
10. limK+
( x-�)
x-40 2x
 =
(2-mrc�7 + 2Jio+. cfs+ '12))
-1 -1
= =---=
( (-mf (( fs+ )i-)+ (fs+ '12)) 4+ 4+ 4 12

-�
=
( 2-mrcl+
15. lim (� )
'12)) �x2 + 3-�5 - x2

l
x--.1

(2c-1so\ . (x 2+ 8- 10 + x2 ) dx 2+ 3+ �5 - x 2
=
m))) = hm
(
(x 2+ 3-5+ x2) dx2+ 8+ �10-x 2 )
('1a+2x - &)
Hl

13. r
. (2x 2- 2) dx2+ 3 + �5-x2
= hm (
x� '13a + x - 2-,Jx
x--. l (2x2-2)dx 2+ 8+ �10-x 2
(a+ 2x-3x)("13a+ x+ 2'1x)

l
)

= hm (
.
- (3a+ x- 4x) x ("1a+ 2x+ &) ) dx2
. 3 �5 - x2 )
x >a
= hm (
+ +

(a - x)("13a+ x+ 2'1x) dx 2+ 8+ �l0-x 2 )

= hm (
x --.I
I, .
x--.a 3(a - x) x (--Ja + 2.x + fu) )
2+ 2 4 2
= =
1•
3 +3 6 3
I =
(--J3a+ X+ 2--f.i)
= hm ( ) x -awi
.
.H a 3 ("1a + 2x + '\'3x) lim ( .,,JxX - a )
16. x--.a

1 2wi + 2wi) 2 l3 _ a3!2

= . (
= hm )
3 ( (&+ &
x
x--.a X - a

3 .L1
2
= -(a)2

3wi
. ¼7-x- 2
14. hm , .
x--.-1 (x + 1)
. (x + 2)f - (a +--
. . (7 _ x) / _ (8) 17. xhma (-----
2)f)
= hm ( )
l 3 113

(x + 1)
--. X - a
x--.-1

. (7 _ x)I/3 _ (8)113 . (x + 2)3-(a 2)3

= hm ( ·= hm
(x + 1)
+
x--.-1 x+2--.a+2 ( (x + 2)5- (a + 2)5 )

(7 _:: x)2l3+ 2 (7-x) l/3+ 82/3 5 l_1

x ) =-(a+ 2)3
(7 _ x)213+ 2 (7 _ x)113+ 8213 ) 3
5
2)3
1
= hm
· . ((7 - X - 8)
3
(a
(x+ 1)
= +
x--.- l

x
(7-x)213 + 2 ;7 - x)l/3 + 82/3 )
-( + x)
= li m {_ _ l_ _ _ x _____ 1 _
m
am )

___ . (
X

Ilfil
-

)
x--.-1 \ (x+ 1) (7 _ x)2l3+ 2 (7 _ x)l/3+ 82/3
X - a
-
-
x-a
x�a xn an

= lim
-1
x--.-1 ((7 _ x)2l3 + 2 (7 _ x/13 + 8213 ) -= -am - n
=-n-1
mam-1
n
(m)
na
19. lim(
(l - xt - 1) .
= hm(------
{(l + x 2) 113 -l} x
X --
z
)
X
x----,0 x---->0 x2 x + x2
. (l -x)"-1
= hm ( . {(1 -2x) 1 -1 }
14
1-x----> 1 (1 - x) - l ) -hm(------ x _-_2x_ )
x---->0 -2X + .i X
= n(l) "-1 = n
1
=-x 1 1
0+-x2=-
(x + x 2 + x3 + ...+ x") - n 3 4 2
20. Jim ( )
x---->l X - 1
-� )
3

23. lim( �
3 2

x - 1)+(x - 1)+ (x 1)+ ...+ (x"-1)

= Jim( (
2 3
X - l
- x---->l
x---->l X - 1 )
. (7 x 3) 113 -(3 x 2 ) 112
= hm(
+ +
. (x - 1) (x 2 - 1) (x 3 - 1) (x" - 1) )
= J1m(- - +--+--+ ··· + - - X - 1
x - 1) )
x---->l
Hl (x - 1) (x -1) (x -1)
=(1 + 2+ 3+ 4+ ...+ n) . {(7 + x 3) 113 -- 2} -{(3+ x 2 ) 112
---2}
= hm(--------- )
n(n + 1) x---->I X - 1
=
2 . { 7 + x 3) ll3 _ (8)113 }
=hm( )
x" + 1 -
(n + l)x + n x---->l X - 1
21. lim(
x---->l (x _ 1)2 )
_ ((3 + x 2 ) 112 _ (4) 112 }
-hm(------- )
X - 1
= Jim x - x -nx n
( II+)
+ x---->I

x---->l
(x _ 1)
2
)

= Jim( {(7 + x3 - 8)}

)
x - 1) - n x )
x----> 1
(x _ 1){(7 + x)213 + 8213 + 8113 (7 + x)l/3 )
= lim_f _(x_ "_ _ _ _ _( _-_l_
x---->1\ (x - 1) 2 )
. ((3+ x 2 -4)}
- 1Im( )
x(x-1)(1+x+x +x + ...+x"- l)-n(x-1)
2 3
HI
(x - l)d3 4)
= lim ) + x2 +
x---->l ( (x - 1) 2
. (x 2+ X + l)
= hm
"-1) - n
x(l + x + x 2+ x 3+ ... + x___:
. _________ x---->I ( {(7 + x/13 + 8213 + 8113 (7 + x)l/3} )
= hm __ )
x---->I ( (x -1)
. (x + 1)
-1Im(----- )
(x + x + x + ....+ x") - n
2 3 Hl
(�2 + 2)
= Jim( )
x----,] (x - 1)
=--3 1
+-
n(n 1) + 3.8213 2
=---
2
1 1
=-+-
i (�
2 - 'V1=2x 4 2
22. Jm )
x----,0 X+ x
2

4
. (1 + x ) -(1 -2x)
2 113 ll4
= hm
x---->0 ( X + x
2 ) 24. lim(
3
-rx + 4
-rx + ¾x-3)
x----,1 X - 1

. {(l
= hm
+ x2 ) 113 - l}-{(1 -2x)114 - l}
_ _ __.:....____:___:___ _ ___: = lm
i (c3-rx - 1)+(\rx -1)+(Tx - 1))
x---->0 ( X + x2 ) x---->l X - 1

_ . -
- 1Im
{(l + x 2) 113 - l} . ------{(1 -2x)114-l} = _!_+ _!_+ _!_= 20+ 15 + 12 = 47
- - - - -hm ( 3 4 5 60 60
x---->O ( X + x
) x---->0 )
X + x
2 2
 ((_!�
= Jim ( �y2-Sy +y ),
x - Ol O
k)
y4=
)
25. lim _ _ where x =-y, x � -oo, y �
x -1 oo

-
x4l

. (x+x2+x3+... + x' 00) 100 .

2 Sy -y2
y -
= hm ( ) = hm ( )
x4 I X - 1 y
4=
� y2-Sy + y
. (x -1) +(x2 - 1) +(x3- 1) +... +(x 100 - 1)
=hm (----- -- --------)
x4 I (X - 1)
( �y--8ySy+ y)
- - . ( -8
= lim
y4= ?
. (x -1) (x 1) (x 2
1) 1) 3
(x 100 -
=hm ( --+-- + --+... +---)

)
H 1 (x -1) (x - 1) (x -1) (x -1)
= hm .-� - -- =-4
y4=
= (1 +2 +3 +.... +100) �l -y +1

= 100 101 =
x2+2x - 1 ��;
X
5050
2 31. Jim ( 2 )
x = 2x -3x - 2
4

26. lim (4" +511)n

n4= 1 . 2x+5
= - , where hm (- --) = 1
2 X4= 2X - 7

x2+2x -1 = l
and lim
4 ( ) 2
= 5. x = 2x - 3x -2
2

27. nlim (
n2 ) . (x+1)10 +(x +2)10+... +(x+2012)10 )
1 +2 +3 +... +n 32. hm= (
)
4=
x4
X +2012
lQ 10

.
- 1Im 2n2
. (1 + l/x) +(1 + 2/x) +...+(1 +2012/x) )
10 10 10
n4= ( n (n +1) = hm= 1-------- --10-----
x""'
1 +(2012/x)
. 2
lIm (
= IH= = 2012
(1 + 1/n) )
33. Let tr = (n-r + l) · r
2
= lim ( =2 = (nr -( r - 1) r)
n4= (1 + 1/n) )

= ((n-l)(r - r2 )
x +y
lim ( n" yll" ), where 0 x
n
28. n�oo < < y.
Now,
x - Sil= L t,.
"' ( x n
r-1

) )-
- IH= (�r
= L ((n - 1) r - r 2 )
( _
- +1
Y O +1
(o - 1) - -1
r-l
- lim
l n n
= L (n - 1) r -L r2
r-1 r=I

limoo ( �x + 2x -x)
29. x� 2
(n(n+1) n(n+1)(2n+1)
=(n-1)� ) --- -- - -
6
= XJim
( x2+2x -x2 )
4= _ �
'Ix-+2x +x
= ( n( \+ 1)) ( n _ 1 _ 2n t 1)

n(n+ l)(n - 2)
4= (
30. xlim ( �x 2 + 8x + x) Therefore, lim )
. 11
4= 6n3
 ¼) (1 - ¾) ) h. m (x-------.::.:...:...----=-
+ 1 - ax2 - ax - bx - b) = 0
2
(1 +
= lim ( X"°'"" X + 1
n�oo 6
. (1 - a)x - (a+ b)x + (1 - b))
2

=
1 hm"" ( ------ ---- = 0
X""' x+1

1
34. Put n = x It is possible only when, 1 - a= 0 and (a + b) = 0

ex, )
Thus, a = 1 and b = -1
�I -cosx)�(l -cosxH(l - cosx) ...
h. m ( (x2 + x + 1
37. Given lim - ax - b) =4
x�O x2 x""'O X + 1
I I I l
2' + + 2' + ... oo
2 2
. (l-cos )2
= hm ( h. m (x--+ x + ---
- 1 - ax -,--'--ax - bx ---'--
--- b)
=4
x""'O X + 1
x""'O x2
(1- a)x2 + (1 - a - b)x + (1 - b)
(1 -cosx) h. m ( ------------ ) = 4
= lim ( ) x""'O X + 1
. x""'O x2
It is possible only when
� (1 - a) = 0, (1 - a - b) = 4
� a =1, a + b = -3
� a =1 and b =- 4
2sin 2(x/2) 38. We have
_ lim (
x""'O (x2 /4 )/4 )
_ x4 sin(}) + x2 )
hm !
=1 x�-oo
l 3l
1 + x
2
(x2 - 1
35. Given x�oo
lim - ax - b) =2
X + 1

2 - 1 - ax2 - ax - bx - b)
h. m"" (x----
� X""' ----- =2
xsin(.X!.) + .!.
X + 1 . X
= 1Im !
x""'-"" 1 1
. ((1 - a)x2- (a+ b)x- (1 + b)) --
x
3
m ----------- =2
� h"°'""
X X+ 1

It is possible only when 1 - a= 0 � a= l =(�)

0- 1
= -1
. -(a + b)x -'- (1 + b)
39. Limit = lim (sin �x )
A1so, xI1moo (------- ) =2
� X +1
x""'O 5x
(1 + b)
-(a+ b)-- - = lim (sin3x x 3x)
� XJim
X
)=2 x�o 3x 5x
"°'"° 1
(
1+x 3

�-(a+ b) =2
(sin ax)
40. Limit = lim
�(a+ b) = -2 x""'o sin bx
sin ax
�b=- a-2=-1-2=-3 x ax
= lim ( _a_x_ __ )
x""'o si :x x bx
x2 + 1
(-
�
36. Given X"°'"" X +-
lim - ax - b = 0
1 ) a
=
 . (sin2x+ 3x)
41. LI. ffilt. = 1lill . . .fi. Isinx ')
x�o 4x+sm6x hm (

I I)
x�O+ X

= lim
�+3
) lim ( .fi. sinx
x�O sin6x
4+-x­ x�o- X

sin2x x (sinx
2+3
2x lirn ( .fi. )
= lirn x�o+ X )
x�O sin6x =
4+ --x 6
6x .fi.(sinx))
lim (
x�O- X
= (�)
4+6

=1
2 ={:�
. . -
42. L1m1t . (sin2x+sin5x)
_ 11m Since R.H.L c1c L.H.L, so limit do es no t exist.
. 4X + Slll
x�O Sill . 6X
. ( cos7x - cos9x )
. . = 1]Ill
45 . Llffilt
sin2x
--+sin5x
-- x�o cos3x - cos5x
= lim ( _
x _x )
x�o s1:4x s1:6x
+ _ . (2sin8xsinx
- 1lffi . . )
x�o 2sm4xsmx
-- x 2+sin5x
sin2x --x 5
. 2x 5x . (sin
=1Jill
8x)
= 1lill ) --
x�o sin4x
x�o sin4x sin6x
--x 4+-- x 6
4x 6x
sin8x
--X 8X

=(�)
8x
= lim
4+6 x�O sin4x
--X 4X
4x
10 =2

. 1 - cos4x)
43. L.1m1t. = 11m ( 4 6. L.1m1t. = 1.1m (
1 - cosx-vcos 2x)
x�o 1 - cos6x x�O 2
X

2
. (2sin 2x)
=llill (1 -cosx-vcos2x)(1 +cosx-vcos2x)
. (--------------
x�o 2sin2 3x = hm )
x�o x\1+cosx-vcos2x)
2
,, sin 2x
--X 4X
2 2
x 2 . ( (1 - cos x(cos2x)) )
= hm
= lim 4 2 x�o x 2 (1+cosx -vcos 2x)
x�o sin 3x 2
--X 9X

9x
2
. ((1 - cos2x( 2cos2x - 1)))
= hm 2
= x�O x ( 1+COSX -vcos 2x)

4 2
. . = 11m
4 4. L1m1t . (-Vl - cos 2x) . ((1 - 2cos x+cos x) )
hrn
=x�o
x�O X
2
x 2 (1+cosx -/cos 2x)
4 2
. ( ( 2cos x - cos x - 1)
= hm - -------)
x�o x 2(1+cosx-vcos 2x
= lim (�) 2 2
x�O X . ( sin x( 2cos x+1) )
= hm
x�o x 2 (1+cosx-vcos2x)
 (2cos2x +1) x - tan- 1 x
sin x
=lim ( 2 x 49. Limit=lim sin-
------
2 1

x--;O x (1 + cosx'>fcos2x) ) x--;0 x

3

2
=
3
. .t
47 . Llffil . (tanx - sinx )
= 1Jill X - -
x--;0 x
3
-- x

. (sinx(l -cosx)) tan- 1

�2

= hm 1 + X· __X_
x--;0
= lim
x COSX
3
�2

2sin (�)
x--;0

sinx 2
=lim· ( X x 2
2

l
x--;0 x x tan
z
-l(X-X� )
4cosx
= lim
4 �2 +x 2
x--;0
=
2
tan-J(X -X�)
48. We have cosx cos2x cos3x �2 +x2
= lim x {x x�
-
x--,0
2

= 1 (2cos3xcosx)cos2x (x _ x� )x3 \ � +x
)

�2 +x2
2 2
2

= 1 (cos4x + cos2x)cos2x
2

=¼ (2cos4xcos2x +2cos2 2x)

1
= (cos6x +cos2x + 1 +cos4x) . (1 - 1 +x2 ) ( �2 - x2 )
=llm ( )
4
1
= (1 +cos2x +cos4x +cos6x)
x O x ( 1 + �2 )(1 - X
--; 2 2 X2 ) -
4
. ( (x2 ) ( �2 - x2 )
= hm l
Thus
x2 (1 + �2 )c1
. " · 1 - COSX cos2x cos3x
x--;O - 2x2)
Llffilt = 1lffi ( )
x--;O sin 2x . (�2 -x 2 )
= hm ( )
2

= hm
. (.1 -¼(l +cos2x +cos4x +cos6x) HO (1 + �2 ) (1 - 2x 2)
,, 1
· sin2 2x
2
x--;0

. (3 - (cos2x +cos4x +cos6x))

= hm (x - sinx)
. . =1lffi
50. Llffilt .
x--;O
4sin2 2x x--;0 x3

. ((1 - cos6x) +(1 - cos4x) +(1 - cos2x))

hm _ _ x� + •••)
4sin2 2x x _ (x
( 3. 5. 7. _ )
x � + x�
.
=
x--;0
=1lffi
(2sin 3x + 2sin 2x +2sin x) x--;0
=Jim
x

x--,o
2 2 2 3

4sin2 2x

(
(x3 x5 x1 ))
=lim 3!-5!
+
?- ...
x--;0 x3

9+4 +1 14 7
=----= =
2 X4 8 4
= 1
 l
. . .
51 . L1m1t =11m (x - tanx)
x--;O x3

3 (4
n+l - 1)
(x+x +�XS +... ) = n
.2
(X _
3 15 3
=Jim
x--;0 x3 55. Given
acosx + bxsi nx - 5)
4
lim (
x--;O x
(-(X3 +�X + ... )
(i)
S

3 15 ) As x�O, x4 �O, the limit must be in the form of

= Jim
x--;O X3
Thus, Jim (acosx +bxsinx - 5) =0
1 x--;O
=
3 a=5=0

l
r (
5 2. L"lilll" t = x�ll!, X + sinx
+ ) => a= 5
Now, Limit
X COSX

1 +--
sinx
= lim (
acosx+bxsinx - 5)
4
x
X
Jim (
=x--;= x--;0
l +
co x
;
5cosx+bx sinx - 5
=lim ( 4 )
=(!...±..Q)
1 0 +
x--;O x

= 1
5( 1 - ;� +�� - ...) +bx( x - ;� +... ) - 5
53 . As we know that, sinx � x and tanx 2': x
=Jim 4
sinx tanx > x--;O x
Thus, X
<
- 1 and
X
- 1
Therefore,
(b - l)x2 + (j_ _ !!.)x4 + ...
Limit = !� ([ns!nx] +[nt:nx ]) = lim
2 24
4
6
x--;O x
= (n - 1) +n
It will provide finite limit only when, co-efficient of
= 2n - 1 .
x2 is zero .
54. We have a= min{x2 +2x+3, x2 +4x+10}
a =min{(x+1) 2 + 2, (x+ 2) 2 +6}
a=2
Thus, (b - % ) =0
1 - cos0
Also, b =lim ( )
x--;0 02
Also, the limit value

4
(14 -
=h. m ------
%)x + ...
4
x--;O x
1
=
2 =(14 -%)
= (1 -
Therefore, I, (a'bn -') 5
r=O
4 1 2)
5
=
24

Therefore, the value of a+2b +10

=5+5+10
= 20.
 . . . sin(ncos2x) . (e (e - 1) - sinx
3 x
56.L1m1t = hm ( ) = hm �-)
x�O 2
X x�o X X

sin(n(l - sin2x) = (e
3
1)
.
-

=hm ( ) ex - e sin x
x�o
61.Limit = Jim .
2
x
x�O X - SIIlX,

. sin ((n - nsin x)) 2

= hm ( ) . ex-sinx -
= 11m esin x (
2
1)
x - sinx
x�O x
x�o
= e° X 1
= 1
ex - e cosx
62.Limit = Jim ( � ).
x�O X + SIIlX

. excosx(ex-xcosx _ l) )
=n = hm (
X + SIIlX
· (e4x - 1
x�O
..
57.L1m1t = 11m - - ) excosx(ex-x cos x _ 1)
x�o 5X . x(l _ cosx)
=hm ( )
(x - xcosx) x + smx
X .
x�o
e4x
= lim ( -_- I)
x�o 5x
_ e xcox(ex-cosx _ 1) (1 _ cosx)
= !Jm
x�o ( (x - xcosx) smx )
X .
. (e - 1 4x 1 +
=hm --x-)
4x

x�o 4x 5x --:x-
=0
= .. . (ex -1-x )
63. L1m1t = 11m 2
x�O X
e3x 1
58.Limit = lim ( - )
x�O e5x _ 1
(!+ x + x� + < + ... )- 1 - x)
. ( 2. 3.
3x -
1 = IIm
e- x
- 3x x�O, 2
x
3x
e5x 1 5x
--x
-
5x
3
=
1
..
59.L1m1t ·
= 11m (
ex + e- x -2 =
)
.. x�O X2

= hm
. .. (w -
x�O
1) (2x- 1)
2
)
x

!� ( ( 4 ; 1 )( 2 ; 1 ) )
x x
=
= 1.

e3 +x - e3 si nx) = log4 x log2

60. Limit = lim ( x
_
x
= 2(log2)
x�O 2
 . .
65. L1m1t = 1·1m 9-'
----2.6x + 4-x
-
.
. . = 11m
69. L1m1t
(W - l)W - 1))
x--.o 2
x x--.0 (3x - 1) (6x - 1)

= Jim (½--1 )(�)

x--. 0 (3 ; 1 )(6 ; 1
x x
)

log5-Jog4
. ( 3x _ 2X )2 =( )
= hm log3 · Jog6
x --.OX
. 3x - l 2x - l 2 . . x·2x - X
= hm ( ----- ) . =11m (
70. L1m1t )
X X x--.0 1 - COSX
x--.o
2 . x(2x - 1)
=(log3 - Jog2) = hm ( )
x--.0 1 - COSX
=log 2 (½)
= lim
fax - aa x--.0
2sin\i)
--
--.a \ X - a-) , a > 0
66. Limit = xlim 1 2
x
x-
.
hm (
=x--.a
a a (a x- a - I)) x2
4
4

X - a
=2log2
= (a a · loga)
( _ 71. Limit= Jim
(e x - -
e-x. 2X)
a x+h
+a x-h
2a x)
x -smx
67. Limit= lim
x--.o
x--.0 h2

= Jim
x--.0 3 5 7
x x x )
x- ( x-31+ -71+ ...
51

. ax (a 2" - 2a" + 1) = lim

= hm (- X ( )) x --.O
h --.O
h
a h2
.
= hm (-ax x a--
h _ l 2)
( )
h--.O a" h 1 1
-+-
3! 3!
=
1
8x 7x 3!
68. Limit= Jim ( x - x )
x --.O 6 -5
=2
x x
. ((8 - 1) - (7 - 1) )
= hm
x--.0 x x
(6 - 1) - (5 - 1) 72. Limit= lim
x--.o
(i'sin- l 2x-x )
6
3

r ((� )-(�)
=
x� 6x 1 _ 5 ) x
( ;
) ( ; 1)
log8 - log7
=(
Jog6 - log5)
· 62x _
ex3 - 1 - x3) (.. sm
= Jim ( - 1
x--.O . (2x)6
log(8/7) (2x)6 )
=(
log(6/5))
 . (/-1-t) 4 42 4 n)
= hm = ;n (1 + + + ... +
t-40 26.p
(put x3 = t, when x � 0, t � 0)
. 1 1
e -l-t 4 11+1 _ l
= hm -x
t-40 (26 ( t2
)) =( )
3-211
1 1
=-x- Aex-Bc�sx + Ce-x)
26 2 76. We have l im (
x---,o xsmx
= (
1�8)
= Jim
. . . (cosat + (sina)"" - 1) X-40
73 . L1m1t= hm ( --, ------
x ---,2 X - 2

A + + C
(<cosat + (sinat - (cos2 a + sin2 a) ) (A - B + C) + (A - C)x + ( � )x
2
+ ...
=l im = Jim
x -.2 X - 2
X-40
x(x-;�+ ...)
2 x 2
. ((cosa)"' - cos a)) + (sina) - sin a)
= hm (
x-42 X - 2
It will provi de finit e limit miiy when, A -B + C=0,
. ((cosa) 1+2 - cos2 a)) + (sinal+2 - sin2 a)
= hm ( A +B+ C
t-40 t A - C=0 and =2
2
<cosaf - <sina) 1 -
sm2 a (
= 1m cos2 a ( ----
I. ( 1) . +
1)) On solving, w e get , A= 1, B=2, C= 1
t-40 t \ t
Henc e, the value of A + B + C + 10 = 14.
=(cos2 alog(cosa) + sin2 alog(sina))
. . . log(l + 3x)
. . 77. L1m1t= hm ( )
. excosx _ l _ X x---,o sin2x
74. L1m1t= hm ( )
x---,o sin(x 2)

)
log(l + 3x)
excosx _ l) ----x3x
. 3x
= hm (---- - --- X
=l im
x---,o sin(x 2 ) (sin(x 2) X-40 sin2x
--X 2X
2x
75. We have a=min{x 2 + 4x 6, x2 + 2x + 8}
+ 3
2 =
a=min{(x + 2) .+ 2, (x + 1)2 + 5} 2
a=2 . . . (log(l + 3x) )
78. L1m1t= hm
. sinxcosx x ....o log(l - 2x)
Also, "b = l im ( x )
x-40 e - e-x
log(l + 3x)
. sinx
----:X- X COSX ----x3x
l 3x
= l� ( (e � 1 ) ( e- _; 1))=2
x x
= Jim
x -40 log(l - 2x)
---- X -2x
- -2x

Thus, =--

79. Limit= lim (

logx-1)
X-4e X e -
. Iogx-loge)
hm (
=X-4e e X -
 . (log(y + e) - loge)
-_ 11m.
·: y--,o y + e-e ;
I I
1 +
e x 1 _ log� �)
exe
= Ji m
x --;O
. log ( :
Y
= hm (
e}) X

y--;O y
=(1-¼)

.
= hm (
log( 1 +
_
?) ) ln (cosx)
y-->O y e 83. Limi t= Jim ( )
x-->0 �
ex 1 + x2-1
1
log(l-2 s in (1)) -2sin2{:�)·
. 2
2

= hm (----X -- )
. . . (logx- log5) x -->0 · 2 ��
80. L1m1t= 11m -2 sm ( ) 'ix- + 1 - 1
X

x-->5 X- 5 2
log(y + 5) - log5 -2sin2 (1)
= Jim ( ) .
y--;O y + 5- 5 = hm ( l
X-->0 � X2 + 1 -1

-2sin2 x (�x2 + 1 + i)
(1)
. ( )
= hm
HO (� 2 1 -1)(� 2 1 1)
x + x + +
)
log(1 +
�
= li m
y--;O y
- -2 s in2 G)x(�x2 +·1 + i)(�x2 +1 + 1)
x5
5 . (
= hm )
HO
= .!. (�x + 1 + -1)( �x + 1 + 1)
2 2

5
. . . (log(x + 5) - log(5 - x)) -2sin2 (1) x (�x + 1 + 1)(� + i)
81. L 1m1t= 11m . ( )
2

x-->5 X - 5 = hm
(X )
. ((log(x + 5) - log5) - (log(5 - x)- log5)
X-->0 2

= hm )
x --;5 X - 5

((log(x + 5) - log5) (log(5 - x)-log5)))

-2 sin2 (1) x(� + 1)(� + 1)
= Jim )- = Jim )
x -->5 - 5 - 5
(�) X4
X X X-->0

ii ( (log(x + 5) - log5 log(5 - x) - log5))

= m ( ) + (
x --;O X- 5 5- X = -2

ln(cos(sinx))
84. Li mit= lim ( )
=-+-=- x -->O
5 5 5
1 1 2 2
x

. e x- log(x + e ) sinx )
8 2. L.1m1t=11m
. ( ) log(l-2 sin ( ; )) -2 si n2(
x --;O e x- 1 2 )
si x

.
= hm (------ -
2

x--,o . 2 ( s inx )
-2 sm -
X
x2
2
= Ji m ( c - log{e (1 +�)} )
x-->O e x- I
e x- 1-{Iog(l +�)})
. = lim (
x --;O e x- 1
 . sinx y
-2Sm2 (- -) y ....:
2 sin2x 1 y-(y-l + + ..
= lim -----x--x-
3 4

2 3 4
si x x 4 = lim )
y2
(
( � ) . )
x----;O 2 2
y----;O

1 (-(-! ))
= = lim +�_l + ...
2 y----;O 2 3 4 ,

85. Limit= }�11!, ( x- x ln( 1 }) ) =

2
2
+

· 1 1 ln c otx
= lim - 2 log(l 88. Limit= lim (
(- +
1- cotx)
)
y)
y----;0 Y
x----;!t/4
y

log c ot(�+ y)))

(
= lim (
1- c ot(�+
y
y)
(-(-!
y----;O

= lim �_ + ... ))
2

2 3 4
1
+

log (C -
coty + 1 )
oty
y----;O

1
= = lim 1-----­
_ coty - 1
1 ( )
2
1 coty + 1
86. Limit= lim (�- )
y----;O

x 1nx
log( 1 + (
x----,1

- 1)
. (1 + y) - 1 c:� + \ -
)
c

= hm ( ) = lim
y----;O (1 + y)log(1 + y)
l+y

y----;O
-(l -(C
oty
-
coty + 1
1 ))
y
1 + y(l y (1 y) + ... -1 = -1
2

= lim
+ + +

log(l + y)
y)
2!

(1 + y) 89. L,1m1t
, = 11m
2
. (e - 1 - X)
y----;0
y
x
y
X
x----;0 X

y(l + y) y(l ··· = lim --

. x----,o
= hm ( l
(ex _ 1)
+ + y)�� +
2x
(1 + y)y
=
y----;O

( 2 2
= lim 1 � + (y- l)� + ... - 1 X3 )
2! 3! 3 . ) 90. Lill.lit= lim (/ ;
+
y----;O

"= 1.
x----;O 64x

1 -1 eY - 1 -
87. Limit= lim (-- - -) = lim (
x----,l lnx x- 1 64,(/)
y)
y----;O

1 , 1 e - 1-
= lim ( - !) = hm - (
Y)
y----;O log(l + y)
y----;O 64
Y

(/) .
Y

. (Y - log(l + y)
= hm ) 1 eY - 1
y----,o ylog(1 + y) (
�)
r
= y�64
. y- log(1 + y)
= hm 1 1
y----;O ( 2 log(l + y) )
64 2
=-X-
y X

log(l + y)) =
y

= hm
. - 128
y
(Y
y----;O 2
 x x
· (e -e- - 2x '
.·t= 11m . (ex _ e- x
= hm
91. L1m1
;:�o x -smx ) x�O -4sin2x)

. (ex
= hm
+e-
x
- 2) . ( ex+e- x
= hm
x�O 1 - COSX x�O ....:8cos2x )

. ex _ e-x)
= hm ( ---
x �o sinx

. (ex+e-x
= hm x
) ... (xe -log(l+x)
x�O COSX 96.L1m1t= hm
x�O x2 )
=2

92. Limit= x�e

lim
(lnx - 1
) ex+xex __ l)
X - e .(
= 11m
1 +X
x�O 2x

=lim 1
x�e (½) . (
ex+ex+xex+
(1
1
+x)
2
= hm
=- x�O 2 )
3
=
{x+ tan Zx)
9 3. Limit= lim
x�o \x - tan2x (lnx)
97. Limit= x�
limoo X
tan2x

(½)
1 +--
= lim (
X
x�O _ ta 2x ) = l im
l : x�= 1
=0
tan2x
1+2_
2x
= lim
x�O tan2x X--? ex)
98. Limit= limoo (�
1 _ 2_
2x
. - 1
11m
= x----too ( ex )
=
(!...±--1)
1-2
=- 3
=0

9 4. Limit= lim (
sinx - x) · . 99. Limit= lim
2014 )
(x ex
x�O X3 ---1'00
x

2014-2013 ...3-2· l)
- = x�
limoo ( x
= lim (COSX 2
1) e
x�O 3x
. ((2014)!)
= hm
-sinx) ex
= lim ( oo
x�
x�O 6x
= =0

. · (e +e- -x -2)
95 . Llffil·t= 11m
x �o
x x 2
.. .
loo. Llmlt= 1Im
�o
(x2+2 cosx - 2)
sin2x - x2 x xsin3x

. (ex - e-x -2x . (x2+2cosx -2 x3 )

= hm = 11m ------x--
x�o sin2x -2x ) x�O 4
x ��x.

x x
. ( e +e - - 2x)
= hm (x2+2cosx -2
x �o 2 cos2x -2 = lim
x�O x .
4
)
 . 2x - 2sinx lim ((cosy - siny))
=hm ( ) = ey-+o
x----;O 4x3
=e
. 2 - 2cosx ax+ bx + CX 2/x
= hm ( )
x----;O 12x2 105 ' Limit= lim ( )
x----;O 3
. 2sinx
- 1Im ( --)
24x
- x----;O . (
=hml_+ (
ax + bX +cx l 2/x
))
x----;O 3
1
12

101. Limit= limit' (tanx log, sinx)

x----; 2 _ c" - 3) x l)
((a + Ir'+
x
hm X
= ex -'JoO 3
log, sinx
- lim ( )
_ (a" - (c" - I)) x ±-)
x----;;r/2 cotx hm ((
I)+ (b' - I)+
0 X 3
e -'>
x

cotx =
= lim (
x----;;r/2 -cosec2x ) ±-Iog(abc))
=e( 3
=0
= (abc) 213
+ 6 x+4
102. Limit= lim (x )
X + 1
x
x----;=
. . 1 )tan( � )
106 . Limit=hm (2 - x
x----;I

. 1 tan((l+y)�)
=hm ( 2--- )
y----;O 1+ y
1+±
�x5
/!'
1 -cot( ;)
= lim (2 - __ )
lim t+¾
= ex-'Jooo
y----;O 1+ y
es
=
= ;� 1 + ( 1 - 1 -cot(f)
. 2x + 4 2x+ 10 ))_
103 ' Limit= x----;
hm ( - ) ( l+y
= 2X + 3

. (y+ 4 y+IO
= hm -- )
, =hm 1 + . ( _
y----;O
(-Y
1 + y
))
-cot(;)

y----;= y+ 3
y+3 y+JO Iim (-)_' ) x -cof;)
= lim ( 1 + -1 )-! X y+3 = ey-.o I+ y
-
y----;= y+3
. ( -I ) (;) x ±.
/hm
-,o I + y
- X
-y+JO l!'y It'
ylim-­
-. - y+3 = tan ( 2)
=e
=e
lim (sin(}) + cos(
104. Limit= x----;
=
i)r 107. Limit=;� (tan(i+ lnx))Inx
I
= Iim (siny+ cosy)Y
y----;O I
. (1 + tan (logx) Iogx
- hm
I )
= lim (1 + (siny+ cosy - l))Y - x----; 1 1 - tan (logx)
y----;O
I
Iim((siny
I
+ cosy - l))Y 2tan(logx) Iogx
= ey-'J oO = lim ( 1 + )
x----;I 1 - tan( Iogx)
_ (siny + cosy - I))
hm ( .
= ey.....,,o y
 . 2tan(logx) J ·
ltm ( I - tan(logx)
,-,1 . ) .x-
logx (tanx - _smx _ ) cosecx
=e = lim ( 1 + x)
x-40 1 + smx

i·
.
2
= e r ((tanx - sinx I
= ex� 1 + sinx X sinx
1
) )
In ( tan ( + 2x))
. . = hm
108. L1m1t
. ( Jim+0 (sinx(secx - 1 x -1-
x-40 sin3x = e x- 1 + sinx) sinx)

-I
= �x--+O + sinx)
iim(slecx
1 + tan2x )
log (
. ( 1 - tan2x )
= 11m .I
= 1
. x-40 sin3x
.
111. L.1m1t = ·
11m (a - 1 + ':fE)n
1 + tan2x _ n-+oo a
log( 1 + ( 1 ))
. ( 1 - tan2x )
= Ilffi
J� ( (
n
x-40 sin3x = Wi- l))1 + --
a
-

log ( 1
2tan2x )+(
)
( 2tan2x )
((W,---I) xn)
1 - tan2x 1 - tan2x = e}� a
= lim ------- -x
( 2tan2x ) sin3x
((bLa 1) x n)
x-40

1 - tan2x lim
= en-+oo
( ·. 2tan2x )
ltm -- x-
n-+- (
I I
. b" - I I

= lim l -_
( tan2x ) )
a
=e n
x-40 sm3x
_al logb
_ =e
. · ((tan2x) 3x 2x
I
- 11m -- x--x -x2)
x-40 2x sin3x 3x logba
= e
=
3 = ba
tanx l/x
. (--
. = 11m
109. L.1m1t X
) 112. We have, -1 :=;;sin(}):=;; 1
x-40

. (1+ (-tanx 1/x

=!� -y--1)) -x2 :=;;x2sin(} ):=;;x2

Now, lim (x2) = 0

x-40

1m -- x-
I. tanx - x I and lim (-x2) = 0
( X ) x-40
= e.t-+0
X

. tanx - x Thus,
hm--
= ex-+0 2 ( x )
113. We have, -1 :=;;sinx:=;; 1
I.1m-(sec --
2x -
I
)
= e
x-+0 2x
_.!_ < sinx < .!_
X - X - X
2xtanx
lim ( 2sec
ex .... o 2
= )
Now, lim (-.!.) = 0
x-+oo X

lim (.!.) = 0
= 1
cosecx and
. ( 1 + tanx)
. . = hm
110. L1m1t
x-+oo X
. x-40 1 + sinx
sinx
Thus, lim ( X ) = 0
cosecx x-+oo
. (1 + ( 1 + tanx - 1 ))
= hm
x-40 1 + sinx 114. We have, x - 1 < [x] :=;; x
 [x] x
x - l -< n(n + l)x _ _!_
- x -< X - -
X =Jim
x-->=
( n)
2 n2
[x]
(1--X1) <-<
X -
1
=Jim ((1 + _!_)� _!_
n 2 - n)
x-->=
Now, lim ( 1-
• ..x_;-;=
l)
X
=1 =
X

and lim (1) = 1 (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n)x

X-->= and lim
[x]
Thus, lim ( ) = 1
X-->= X . n (n + l)x
= hm= ( )
X--> 2 n2
115. We have, x- l < [x] � x

_!_-< _1_ < _1_ =Jim

X-->=
((1 + _!_)�2 )
ll
x [x] x- l
X
� � �< _x_ 2
x [x] x- l
. [x] + [2x] + [3x] + ... + [nx]) x
Thus, hm= ( -- ---- -- ) =-
X-->
ll2 2

x - i cos(t')dt
( )
Now, Jim (1) == 1
X-->=
O
117. Limit = lim=
and lim= (-x-l ) = 1 X--> 3
- 6X
X--> X -
X

Thus, lim � = 1 . 1- cos (x2)1

X-->"" ( [X] ) = hm (
X-->= )
3x2 - 6
116. We have, x- l < [x] � x
2x - 1 <[2x] � 2x
=
(1-=__!_)
0-6
3x- 1 < [3x] � 3x =0

,/4 t' dt
( )
118. Limit � }i,"!, l :3
nx - l < [nx] � nx

By adding we get, = Jim

X-->=
�
( )
4
3X2
(1 2 + 3 ... + n)x - n < ([x] + [2x]
+

(ff,?
9x4 )
+ [3x] + ... + ([nx]) � (1 + 2 + 3 + ...
+ n)x - n =x��
r
(1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n)x - n
2 =Jim
X-->=(�)
n 9X 9 4

([x] + [2x] + [3x] + ... + [nx]) = 1

< ---------
-
2

(' )
n

J e- 1 dt
2

(1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n)x
<
-
n2 119. Limit =Jim _x--
x--,1 x- l

Now,
. (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n)x - n . e-x4 · 2x - e-x · 1
hm
x----too 2
= hm ( )
n X-->0 1
=-1
120. Limit= lim [-1- + _l _ + -1- + . .. +
n--,= n + l n + 2 n + 3 2n
J_] 2r
12 3. Limit= lim £ 11 n + 1)
n--,= r=l
�(
. --1 +-1 - +-l - + . + __
..
l 1
= lim -I, 2 -
2n
(r)( 2-r + 1)
= hm (
11--,= n + l n + 2 n + 3 n + n) n----too n r=l n 11

1 11
= lim -I,
n
-- )
( 2
= f 2x (2x + l)dx
n--,= n r= l n + r 0

. f ( 1)
2
- nlim
--,= .!n r=l = f (4x2 + 2x)dx
l + (�) 0

=
! /� X
= (4{ + x )j� 2

= log2 6 28
� + 4) =
=(
3
. . n - +-- 11 +-n- + ... + -1
121. L 1m1t
· = 1Jill [ - ]
n--,= n 2 + 12 11 2 + 22 n2 + 32 2n . . ((2n!)! )1/n
124. Let A = hm - n-
n--,= n!·11
_n_ + _n_ + . + _11_
= lim { 2 .. ] . . ((211(2n-1) (211 -2) ...(2n-(11-l)))n! )Jin
n--,= 11 + i2· n2 + 12 112 + n2 = hm
n--,= 11! 11"
= lim I, -2
n
-
(
n--,= r= I n + r2)
n
. ((2n(211 - 1)(2n - 2) ....(2n(11 - 1))) )1/n
= hm

= lim -I,
l
--
11 ( 112 )
=>
n----too

Log A
nn

n--,= 11,.=J n2 + r2
2n-r)
= lim - I, log ( --
1 n -l
1 n
,,_,= r=O 11
- lim .!. f( )
- n--,= 11 ,.=1 l + (�)2 1 n-1 r
= lim - I, log (2 --)
n
n--,= n r=O
=f�2
o 1 +x = f log(2 - x)dx
0
= (tan- x)I�
1

= (tan- 1 (1) - tan-1 (0)) = -f logydy, where (2 - x) = y

2

= = (y - ylogy)I;

r = 1 - 2 + 2 log2
--,
: 2n
122. ·Limit= lim I, (
,, n = r = l
\/ 11- + r-
. �
)
= log4 - 1
.
= hm -I,
1 2
" (.
n--,= 11 r=1 �112 + r2
11r ) =log4 - loge

= log(¼)
1 !..
n 4
2n (
- lim -I,
n--,= n,.=I �l + (�)2 ) Thus, A= e

t
lim x2log (x - x2)
125. lim (x - x 2 = e,-,o•
2
2
x
=f - dx
+
x---?0
(
0 �2
)
lim,( � )<<x - x2 )log(x - x ))
2

= ex�O X l

= (�z)j�
= e0 (·: lim xlogx = 0) = 1
=(�)
+
x----tO