OPEC

Organization of the
Petroleum Exporting
Countries

CONTENT
1.OPEC Organigram.
2.OPEC Statute.
3.OPEC Solemn
Declarations.
 PROJECT
SUBMITED
BY

KUMAR RANA
AND

VEDANT JANI

CONTENTS:-
- ABOUT OPEC.
- HISTORY.
- END OF BRETTON WOODS.
- RESPONDING TO WAR AND LOW PRICE.
- PRODUCTION DISPUTE.
- MEMBERSHIP.
- ECONOMICS.
- CURRENT QUOTAS.
- COUNTRIES BY OIL PRODUCTION.
- OIL PRODUCING STATES.
- COUNTRIES PRODUCING OIL.

ABOUT OPEC:-

Headquarters Vienna, Austria

Official English
languages
Type Trade bloc

Member states 12
Leaders
* Secretary Abdallah
Badri
Salem el-

General Libya (since

 January 1, 2007)
Establishment
September 10-14
1960
* Statute in effect January
1961
Area
11,854,977 km2
* Total 4,577,232 sq mi
Population
* Estimate 372,368,429
31.16/km 2
* Density 80.7/sq mi
Indexed as USD-
Currency per-barrel

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC; pronounced

/oʊ.pɛk/, oh-pek) is a cartel of twelve countries made up of Algeria, Angola,
Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United
Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. OPEC has maintained its headquarters in
Vienna since 1965,and hosts regular meetings among the oil ministers of its
Member Countries. Indonesia withdrew its membership in OPEC in 2008 after
it became a net importer of oil, but stated it would likely return if it became a
net exporter in the world again.

According to its statutes, one of the principal goals is the determination of

the best means for safeguarding the cartel's interests, individually and
collectively. It also pursues ways and means of ensuring the stabilization of
prices in international oil markets with a view to eliminating harmful and
unnecessary fluctuations; giving due regard at all times to the interests of
the producing nations and to the necessity of securing a steady income to
the producing countries; an efficient and regular supply of petroleum to
consuming nations, and a fair return on their capital to those investing in the
petroleum industry.

OPEC's influence on the market has been widely criticized, since it became
effective in determining production and prices. Arab members of OPEC
alarmed the developed world when they used the “oil weapon” during the
Yom Kippur War by implementing oil embargoes and initiating the 1973 oil
crisis. Although largely political explanations for the timing and extent of the
OPEC price increases are also valid, from OPEC’s point of view, these
changes were triggered largely by previous unilateral changes in the world
financial system and the ensuing period of high inflation in both the
developed and developing world. This explanation encompasses OPEC
actions both before and after the outbreak of hostilities in October 1973, and
concludes that “OPEC countries were only “staying even” by dramatically
raising the dollar price of oil.”

OPEC's ability to control the price of oil has diminished somewhat since then,
due to the subsequent discovery and development of large oil reserves in
Alaska, the North Sea, Canada, the Gulf of Mexico, the opening up of Russia,
and market modernization. OPEC nations still account for two-thirds of the
world's oil reserves, and, as of April 2009, 33.3% of the world's oil
production, affording them considerable control over the global market. The
next largest group of producers, members of the OECD and the Post-Soviet
states produced only 23.8% and 14.8%, respectively, of the world's total oil
production.[6] As early as 2003, concerns that OPEC members had little
excess pumping capacity sparked speculation that their influence on crude
oil prices would begin to slip.
History:-

OPEC headquarters in Vienna

Venezuela was the first country to move towards the establishment of OPEC
in the 1960s by approaching Iran, Gabon, United Kingdom, Kuwait and Saudi
Arabia in 1949, suggesting that they exchange views and explore avenues
for regular and closer communication among petroleum-producing nations.

In 10-14 September 1960, at the initiative of the Venezuelan Energy and

Mines minister Juan Pablo Pérez Alfonzo and the Saudi Arabian Energy and
Mines minister Abdullah al-Tariki ,the governments of Iraq, Iran, Kuwait,
Saudi Arabia and Venezuela met in Baghdad to discuss ways to increase the
price of the crude oil produced by their respective countries .OPEC was
founded in Baghdad, triggered by a 1960 law instituted by American
President Dwight Eisenhower that forced quotas on Venezuelan and Persian
Gulf oil imports in favor of the Canadian and Mexican oil industries.
Eisenhower cited national security, land access to energy supplies, at times
of war. When this led to falling prices for oil in these regions, Venezuela's
president Romulo Betancourt reacted by seeking an alliance with oil
producing Arab nations as a preemptive strategy to maintain the continued
autonomy and profitability of Venezuela's oil resources.
 Oil exports imports difference

As a result, OPEC was founded to unify and coordinate members' petroleum

policies. Original OPEC members include Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and
Venezuela. Between 1960 and 1975, the organization expanded to include
Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), the United Arab Emirates
(1967), Algeria (1969), and Nigeria (1971). Ecuador and Gabon were
members of OPEC, but Ecuador withdrew on December 31, 1992[9] because
they were unwilling or unable to pay a $2 million membership fee and felt
that they needed to produce more oil than they were allowed to under the
OPEC quota.[10] Similar concerns prompted Gabon to follow suit in January
1995 [5]. Angola joined on the first day of 2007. Norway and Russia have
attended OPEC meetings as observers. Indicating that OPEC is not averse to
further expansion, Mohammed Barkindo, OPEC's Secretary General, recently
asked Sudan to join.[11] Iraq remains a member of OPEC, but Iraqi production
has not been a part of any OPEC quota agreements since March 1998.

In May 2008, Indonesia announced that it would leave OPEC when its
membership expired at the end of that year, having become a net importer
of oil and being unable to meet its production quota.[12] A statement released
by OPEC on 10 September 2008 confirmed Indonesia's withdrawal, noting
that it "regretfully accepted the wish of Indonesia to suspend its full
Membership in the Organization and recorded its hope that the Country
would be in a position to rejoin the Organization in the not too distant
future."

End of Bretton Woods

The United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord and
took the US off the established Gold Exchange Standard on August 15, 1971.
With that standard, only the value of the US dollar was pegged to the price of
gold and all other currencies were pegged to the US dollar. The change now
allowed the dollar to "float", and shortly thereafter other industrialized
nations followed suit with their respective currencies, also in anticipation of
currency fluctuations as they stabilized, they increased their reserves
(printing money) in amounts far greater than ever before. Attempts by the
Group of Ten to stabilize the situation were generally ineffective. The result
was a depreciation of the value of the US dollar, as well as other currencies,
and increasing inflation pressures worldwide.

Because the producer’s petroleum still was priced in dollars, it meant that
they were receiving less real income for the same amount of oil production.
OPEC was slow to readjust oil prices to reflect this depreciation; OPEC
ministers had not developed the institutional mechanisms to update prices
rapidly enough to keep up with changing market conditions, so their real
incomes lagged for several years. Eventually, the OPEC cartel issued a joint
communique stating that they would price a barrel of oil against gold. On-
going negotiations, between OPEC and the major oil companies to revise the
oil price agreement established in 1971 in Tehran, finally failed on October
10, 1973.

1973 oil embargo:-

The persistence of the Arab-Israeli conflict finally triggered a response that

transformed OPEC into a formidable political force. After the Six Day War of
1967, the Arab members of OPEC formed a separate, overlapping group, the
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, for the purpose of
centering policy and exerting pressure on the West over its support of Israel.
Egypt and Syria, though not major oil-exporting countries, joined the latter
grouping to help articulate its objectives. Later, the Yom Kippur War of 1973
galvanized Arab opinion. Furious at the emergency re-supply effort that had
enabled Israel to withstand Egyptian and Syrian forces, the Arab world
imposed the 1973 oil embargo against the United States and Western
Europe, while non-Arab OPEC members did not.

The 1980s oil gluts:-

After 1980, oil prices began a six-year decline that culminated with a 46
percent price drop in 1986. This was due to reduced demand and over-
production that produced a glut on the world market. This caused OPEC to
lose its unity. OPEC net oil export revenues fell in the 1980s.

Responding to war and low prices:-

Oil price increase of 1990 and Oil price increases since 2003.

Leading up to the 1990-91 Gulf War, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein

advocated that OPEC push world oil prices up, thereby helping Iraq, and
other member states, service debts. But the division of OPEC countries
occasioned by the Iraq-Iran War and the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait marked a
low point in the cohesion of OPEC. Once supply disruption fears that
accompanied these conflicts dissipated, oil prices began to slide
dramatically.

After oil prices slumped at around $15 a barrel in the late 1990s, concerted
diplomacy, sometimes attributed to Venezuela’s president Hugo Chávez,
achieved a coordinated scaling back of oil production beginning in 1998. In
2000, Chávez hosted the first summit of heads of state of OPEC in 25 years.
The next year, however, the September 11, 2001 attacks against the United
States, the following invasion of Afghanistan, and 2003 invasion of Iraq and
subsequent occupation prompted a surge in oil prices to levels far higher
than those targeted by OPEC during the preceding period. Indonesia
withdrew from OPEC to protect its oil supply interests.

On November 19, 2007, global oil prices reacted strongly as OPEC members
spoke openly about potentially converting their cash reserves to the euro
and away from the US dollar.

On October 10, 2008, oil traded below $85 on the New York Mercantile
Exchange. In response OPEC has stated that it will meet November 18, 2008,
a month ahead of their regularly scheduled meeting to discuss cutting
production as oil experiences declining world demand.

Production disputes:-

The economic needs of the OPEC member states often affects the internal
politics behind OPEC production quotas. Various members have pushed for
reductions in production quotas to increase the price of oil and thus their own
revenues. These demands conflict with Saudi Arabia's stated long-term
strategy of being a partner with the world's economic powers to ensure a
steady flow of oil that would support economic expansion. Part of the basis
for this policy is the Saudi concern that expensive oil or oil of uncertain
supply will drive developed nations to conserve and develop alternative
fuels. To this point, former Saudi Oil Minister Sheikh Yamani famously said in
1973: "The stone age didn't end because we ran out of stones."

One such production dispute occurred on September 10, 2008, when the
Saudis reportedly walked out of OPEC negotiating session where the cartel
voted to reduce production. Although Saudi Arabian OPEC delegates officially
endorsed the new quotas, they stated anonymously that they would not
observe them. The New York Times quoted one such anonymous OPEC
delegate as saying “Saudi Arabia will meet the market’s demand. We will see
what the market requires and we will not leave a customer without oil. The
policy has not changed.”
Current members:-

OPEC has twelve member countries: six in the Middle East, four in Africa, and
two in South America.

Joined Population
Country Region Area (km²)
OPEC (July 2008)
Algeria Africa 1969 33,779,668 2,381,740
Angola Africa 2007 12,531,357 1,246,700
South
Ecuador 2007 13,927,650 283,560
America
Iran Middle East 1960 65,875,224 1,648,000
Iraq Middle East 1960 28,221,180 437,072
Kuwait Middle East 1960 2,596,799 17,820
Libya Africa 1962 6,173,579 1,759,540
Nigeria Africa 1971 149,255,312 923,768
Qatar Middle East 1961 824,789 11,437
Saudi Arabia Middle East 1960 28,146,656 2,149,690
United Arab
Middle East 1967 4,621,399 83,600
Emirates
South
Venezuela 1960 26,414,816 912,050
America
11,854,977
Total 369,368,429
km²

1. Ecuador initially joined in 1973, left in 1992, and rejoined in 2007.

2. One of five founder members that attended the first OPEC conference,
in September 1960.

Former members:-

Country Region Joined OPEC Left OPEC

Gabon Africa 1975 1994
Indonesia East Asia 1962 2008

The United States was a member during its formal occupation of Iraq via the
Coalition Provisional Authority.
Economics:-

OPEC decisions have had considerable influence on international oil prices.

For example, in the 1973 energy crisis OPEC refused to ship oil to western
countries that had supported Israel in the Yom Kippur War or 6 Day War,
which they fought against Egypt and Syria. This refusal caused a fourfold
increase in the price of oil, which lasted five months, starting on October 17,
1973, and ending on March 18, 1974. OPEC nations then agreed, on January
7, 1975, to raise crude oil prices by 10%. At that time, OPEC nations —
including many who had recently nationalized their oil industries — joined
the call for a new international economic order to be initiated by coalitions of
primary producers. Concluding the First OPEC Summit in Algiers they called
for stable and just commodity prices, an international food and agriculture
program, technology transfer from North to South, and the democratization
of the economic system. Overall, the evidence suggests that OPEC did act as
a cartel, when it adopted output rationing in order to maintain price.

Since currently worldwide oil sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, changes
in the value of the dollar against other world currencies affect OPEC's
decisions on how much oil to produce. For example, when the dollar falls
relative to the other currencies, OPEC-member states receive smaller
revenues in other currencies for their oil, causing substantial cuts in their
purchasing power. After the introduction of the euro, pre-invasion Iraq
decided it wanted to be paid for its oil in euros instead of US dollars causing
OPEC to consider changing its oil exchange currency to euros, although after
Iraq's invasion, the interim government reversed this policy, and the
subsequent Iraq governments stuck to the US dollar. Member states Iran and
Venezuela have undergone similar shifts from the dollar to the Euro.

Current quotas:-

OPEC Quotas and Production in thousands of barrels per day

Country Quota (7/1/05) Production (1/07) Capacity
Algeria 894 1,360 1,430
Angola 1,900 1,700 1,700
Ecuador 520 500 500
Iran 4,110 3,700 3,750
Iraq 1,481
Kuwait 2,247 2,500 2,600
Libya 1,500 1,650 1,700
Nigeria 2,306 2,250 2,250
Qatar 726 810 850
Saudi Arabia 10,099 8,800 10,500
United Arab Emirates 2,444 2,500 2,600
Venezuela 3,225 2,340 2,450
Total 31,422 30,451 32,230

Using quotas to help mitigate global warming

As fossil fuel consumption produces large amounts of CO2 and other

greenhouse gases, it has been proposed that if OPEC and the IEA established
the proper production quota system, global warming effects could be
reduced. While OPEC is indeed drastically reducing its output, this is due to
financial reasons, not social ones.

LIST of members:-

Below is a list with each Secretary General of Organization of Petroleum

Exporting Countries (OPEC). The first two Secretaries General were Chairmen
of the Board of Governors in OPEC, and ex-officio Secretaries General. The
functions of the two positions were separated prior to the appointment of
Secretary General Ashraf Lufti, in May 1965.

List of OPEC Secretaries General

Name Country Tenure Notes
21 January 1961-
Fuad Rouhani Iran
30 April 1964
Abdul Rahman al- 1 May 1964 - 30
Iraq
Bazzaz Apr 1965
1 May 1965 - 31
Ashraf Lutfi Kuwait
Dec 1966
Muhammad Saleh 1 Jan 1967 - 31
Saudi Arabia
Joukhdar Dec 1967
1 Jan 1968 - 31
Francisco R. Parra Venezuela
Dec 1968
1 Jan 1969 - 31
Elrich Sanger Indonesia
Dec 1969
1 Jan 1970 - 31
Omar el-Badri Libya
Dec 1970
1 Jan 1971 - 31
Nadim Pachachi Iraq
Dec 1972
1 Jan 1973 - 31
Abderrahman Khène Algeria
Dec 1974
1 Jan 1975 - 31
M.O. Feyide Nigeria
Dec 1976
 1 Jan 1977 - 31
Ali M. Jaidah Qatar
Dec 1978
1 Jan 1979 - 30 Jun
René G. Ortiz Ecuador
1981
Marc Saturnin Nan 1 Jul 1981 - 30 Jun
Gabon
Nguema 1983
1 Jul 1983 - 30 Jun
Fadhil J. al-Chalabi Iraq
1988
1 Jul 1988 - 30 Jun
Dr. Subroto Indonesia
1994
Abdallah Salem el- 1 Jul 1994 - 31 Dec
Libya
Badri 1994
1 Jan 1995 - 31
Rilwanu Lukman Nigeria
Dec 2000
1 Jan 2001 - 30 Jun
Alí Rodríguez Araque Venezuela
2002
1 Jul 2002 - 31 Dec
Álvaro Silva Calderón Venezuela
2003
1 Jan 2004 - 31
Purnomo Yusgiantoro Indonesia
Dec 2004
1 Jan 2004 - Feb Acting for
Iin Arifin Takhyan Indonesia
2004 Yusgiantoro
Feb 2004 - 31 Dec Acting for
Maizar Rahman Indonesia
2004 Yusgiantoro
Sheikh Ahmad Fahad 1 Jan 2005 - 31
Kuwait
Al Ahmad Al Dec 2005
1 Jan 2005 - 31 Acting for Al
Adnan Shihab-Eldin Kuwait
Dec 2005 Sabah
1 Jan 2006 - 31
Edmund Daukoru Nigeria
Dec 2006
Mohammed S. 1 Jan 2006 - 31
Nigeria
Barkindo Dec 2006
Abdallah Salem el-
Libya 1 Jan 2007 -
Badri

List of countries by oil production:-

This is a list of countries by oil production mostly based on The World

Factbook accessed in June 2008. Note that oil production refers to barrels of
crude oil extracted each day from drilling operations. This should not be
confused with oil supply, which often refers to market availability of multiple
types of petroleum and non-petroleum products (such as natural gas and bio-
ethanol), as well as refinery gains and extraction from man-made petroleum
reserves.

Chart of oil producing nations by order of net exports

Chart of oil producing nations ordered by gross production

Oil — Date of
Rank Country/Region
production(bbl/day) Information
— World 78,900,000 2005 est.
— Arab League 26,111,746 2005
1 Russia 9,980,000 2007
2 Saudi Arabia 9,200,000 2008 est.
3 United States 8,457,000 2007 est.
4 Iran 4,033,000 2007 est.
5 China 3,730,000 2008 est.
6 Mexico 3,501,000 2007 est.
7 Canada 3,425,000 2007
United Arab
8 2,948,000 2007 est.
Emirates
— European Union 2,868,000 2004
9 Venezuela 2,667,000 2007 est.
10 Kuwait 2,613,000 2007 est.
11 Norway 2,565,000 2005 est.
12 Nigeria 2,440,000 2006 est.
13 Iraq 2,110,000 2007 est.
14 Algeria 2,090,000 2005 est.
15 United Kingdom 1,861,000 2005 est.
16 Brazil 1,817,192 2008 .
17 Libya 1,720,000 2006 est.
18 Kazakhstan 1,338,000 2005 est.
19 Angola 1,260,000 2005 est.
20 Qatar 1,111,000 2005 est.
21 Indonesia 1,070,000 2006 est.
22 Azerbaijan 934,700 2007 est.
23 India 834,600 2005 est.
24 Argentina 801,700 2005 est.
25 Malaysia 751,800 2005 est.
26 Oman 740,000 2006 est.
27 Egypt 688,100 2005 est.
28 Australia 572,400 2005 est.
29 Colombia 539,000 2005 est.
30 Ecuador 538,000 2005
31 Yemen 402,000 2005 est.
32 Sudan 397,000 2006 est.
33 Equatorial Guinea 396,100 2005 est.
34 Syria 380,000 2007 est.
35 Denmark 342,000 2006 est.
36 Vietnam 319,500 2007
37 Thailand 310,900 2005 est.
38 Gabon 266,000 2005 est.
Congo, Republic of
39 235,900 NA
the
Congo, Democratic
40 235,900 2005
Republic of the
41 Brunei 219,300 2006
42 South Africa 200,000 2006 est.
43 Turkmenistan 196,000 2007 est.
44 Bahrain 184,000 2007 est.
45 Chad 176,700 2005 est.
46 Italy 164,800 2005 est.
47 Germany 141,700 2005 est.
48 Japan 125,000 2006
49 Uzbekistan 124,900 2005
50 Romania 122,700 2005 est.
Trinidad and
51 120,000 2007 est.
Tobago
52 Peru 110,700 2005 est.
53 Timor-Leste 94,420 2005
54 Ukraine 90,400 2006
55 Cameroon 82,670 2005 est.
56 Tunisia 76,900 2005 est.
57 Netherlands 76,000 2006
58 Mauritania 75,000 2006 est.
59 France 73,180 2005 est.
60 Pakistan 68,220 2005 est.
61 Cote d'Ivoire 57,700 2005 est.
62 Cuba 50,850 2006 est.
63 Papua New Guinea 50,000 January 2006 est.
64 Turkey 45,460 2005 est.
65 Hungary 42,180 2005 est.
66 Bolivia 41,570 2007 est.
67 Belarus 33,700 2005 est.
68 Poland 32,800 2005 est.
69 Spain 29,350 2005 est.
70 Uruguay 27,830 2007 est.
71 Croatia 27,190 2005 est.
72 New Zealand 25,880 2006 est.
73 Philippines 24,310 2005 est.
74 Austria 23,320 2005
75 Guatemala 20,100 2006 est.
76 Czech Republic 18,030 2005
77 U.S. Virgin Islands 17,620 2005 est.
78 Korea, South 17,050 2005
79 Chile 15,100 2006 est.
80 Serbia 14,660 2003
81 Lithuania 13,160 2005 est.
82 Slovakia 12,840 2005 est.
83 Singapore 9,836 2005 est.
84 Portugal 9,500 2006 est.
85 Suriname 9,461 2005 est.
86 Belgium 9,000 2006
87 Finland 8,951 2005 est.
88 Burma 7,700 2006 est.
89 Albania 7,006 2005 est.
90 Estonia 6,930 2005 est.
91 Bangladesh 6,746 2005
92 Greece 5,687 2005
93 Morocco 3,746 2005 est.
94 Bulgaria 3,661 2005 est.
95 Switzerland 3,202 2005 est.
96 Belize 2,413 2006
97 Aruba 2,356 2005
98 Sweden 2,350 2005 est.
99 Georgia 1,979 2005 est.
100 Kyrgyzstan 1,965 2005
101 Puerto Rico 1,354 2005 est.
102 Barbados 1,002 2005
103 Ghana 700 2007 est.
104 Taiwan 406 2006 est.
105 Cyprus 300 2005 est.
106 Tajikistan 282 2005 est.
107 Zambia 150 2005 est.
108 Korea, North 141 2005 est.
109 Israel 100 2006 est.
110 Madagascar 92 2005 est.
Dominican
111 12 2004
Republic
112 Ethiopia 7 2005 est.
113 Slovenia 5 2005 est.
114 Sierra Leone 1 2005 est.
115 Antigua and 0 2005
 Barbuda
116 Botswana 0 2005
117 Benin 0 2007
118 Bhutan 0 2005
119 Guinea-Bissau 0 2005 est.
120 Panama 0 2005 est.
121 Paraguay 0 2007 est.
122 Nicaragua 0 2005 est.
Netherlands
123 0 2005 est.
Antilles
124 Nauru 0 2005 est.
125 Nepal 0 2005 est.
126 Malta 0 2005 est.
127 Mauritius 0 2006 est.
128 Mali 0 2006 est.
129 Macedonia 0 2007
130 Montenegro 0 2004
131 Malawi 0 2005 est.
132 Montserrat 0 2005 est.
133 Mongolia 0 2005 est.
134 Moldova 0 2005 est.
135 Vanuatu 0 2005 est.
136 Niger 0 2005 est.
137 Niue 0 2005 est.
138 New Caledonia 0 2005 est.
139 Mozambique 0 2005 est.
140 Maldives 0 2005 est.
141 Macau 0 2006 est.
142 Luxembourg 0 2005 est.
143 Lesotho 0 2005 est.
144 Liberia 0 2005 est.
145 Iceland 0 2005 est.
146 Honduras 0 2005 est.
147 Hong Kong 0 2006 est.
148 Haiti 0 2005 est.
149 Guyana 0 2005 est.
150 Guinea 0 2006 est.
151 Guam 0 2005 est.
152 Greenland 0 2005 est.
153 Ireland 0 2005 est.
154 Dominica 0 2005
155 Djibouti 0 2005
156 Cook Islands 0 2005
Turks and Caicos
157 0 2005 est.
Islands
158 Saint Lucia 0 2005 est.
158 Somalia 0 2005 est.
159 Saint Helena 0 2005 est.
160 Senegal 0 2005 est.
161 Seychelles 0 2006
Saint Kitts and
162 0 2005 est.
Nevis
Saint Pierre and
163 0 2005 est.
Miquelon
164 Rwanda 0 2005 est.
165 Zimbabwe 0 2005 est.
166 Swaziland 0 2005 est.
167 Samoa 0 2005 est.
168 Western Sahara 0 2005 est.
169 Namibia 0 2005 est.
British Virgin
170 0 2005
Islands
Saint Vincent and
172 0 2005 est.
the Grenadines
173 Burkina Faso 0 2005
174 Uganda 0 2005 est.
175 Tanzania 0 2005 est.
Sao Tome and
176 0 2005 est.
Principe
177 Togo 0 2005 est.
178 Tonga 0 2007 est.
179 Cape Verde 0 2005
Central African
180 0 2005
Republic
181 Costa Rica 0 2004
182 Comoros 0 2005
183 Cayman Islands 0 2005
184 Sri Lanka 0 2005 est.
185 Cambodia 0 2005
186 Burundi 0 2005
187 Latvia 0 2005 est.
188 Lebanon 0 2005 est.
189 Laos 0 2005 est.
190 Kosovo 0 2007
191 Kiribati 0 2005 est.
192 Kenya 0 2005 est.
193 Jordan 0 2005 est.
194 Jamaica 0 2005 est.
195 Grenada 0 2005 est.
196 Gibraltar 0 2005 est.
197 Gambia, The 0 2005 est.
198 French Polynesia 0 2005 est.
199 Faroe Islands 0 2005 est.
200 Falkland Islands 0 2005 est.
201 Fiji 0 2005 est.
202 El Salvador 0 2005
203 Eritrea 0 2005 est.
204 Solomon Islands 0 2005 est.
Bosnia and
205 0 2005
Herzegovina
206 Bahamas, The 0 2005
207 Bermuda 0 2005
208 Armenia 0 2005
209 American Samoa 0 2005
210 Afghanistan 0 2005
List of oil-producing states:-

Countries producing oil:-

This is a list of countries, and their states and provinces, that extract crude
oil from oil wells.

• 1 Africa
• 2 Oceania (Australia)
• 3 Europe
• 4 Middle East
• 5 North America
• 6 Central America and the Caribbean

• 7 South America

Africa

• Algeria (OPEC Member)

• Angola (OPEC Member; joined December 2006)
• Cameroon
• Chad
• Côte d'Ivoire
• Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Republic of the Congo
• Egypt
• Equatorial Guinea
• Gabon
• Kenya
• Libya (OPEC Member)
• Mauritania
• Nigeria (OPEC Member)
• South Africa
• Sudan
• Tunisia

Oceania (Australia)

• Australia
• New Zealand
• Papua New Guinea
• East Timor

Europe

• Austria
• Bulgaria
• Croatia
• Azerbaijan
• North Sea oil:
o United Kingdom
o Norway
o Netherlands
o Denmark
o Germany
• Republic of Ireland Note: No commercial production of crude oil. Crude
oil has been found, but production is limited to Natural Gas
• Italy
• Lithuania (in western Samogitia)
• Netherlands
• Poland
• Romania
• Russia
• Serbia
• Ukraine

Middle East

• Bahrain
• Iran (OPEC Member)
• Iraq (OPEC Member)
• Kuwait (OPEC Member)
• Oman
• Qatar (OPEC Member)
• Saudi Arabia (OPEC Member)
• Syria
• United Arab Emirates (OPEC Member)
• Yemen
North America

• United States of America

Showing thousand barrels per day average in September 2007 (Source:

World Oil)

•
o Louisiana - 1417
o Alaska - 663
o Texas - 1251
o California - 666[1]
o Oklahoma - 166
o New Mexico - 159
o Wyoming - 142
o Kansas - 102
o North Dakota - 121
o Montana - 87
o Colorado - 48
o Mississippi - 51
o Utah - 50
o Illinois - 24
o Alabama - 19
o Michigan - 16
o Arkansas - 17
o Ohio - 15
o Florida - 6
o Kentucky - 10
o Nebraska - 6
o Indiana
o New York
o Missouri
o Nevada
o Pennsylvania-0.1
o South Dakota
o Tennessee
o Virginia
o West Virginia
o Arizona

• Canada
o Alberta
o Ontario
o British Columbia
o Newfoundland
 o Saskatchewan
o Manitoba
• Mexico

Central America and the Caribbean

• Barbados
• Belize
• Cuba
• Guatemala
• Trinidad and Tobago

South America

• Argentina
• Bolivia
• Brazil
• Chile
• Colombia
• Ecuador (OPEC Member)
• Guyana
• Peru
• Suriname
• Venezuela (OPEC Member)