Hyper-V Architecture, Scenarios

& Networking

João Brazão
Hosting Technology Specialist
Microsoft
Microsoft®
Hosting Deployment
Accelerator
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 Microsoft Assessment and
Planning Toolkit 3.2
http://www.microsoft.com/MAP

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 MAP: User Interface & Reports
Server Migration & Virtualization Candidates
Windows Server
2008
New User
Interface

Virtualization

Windows Vista

•Speed up Planning with Actionable Proposals and Assessments

•Collect Inventory of Servers, Desktops and Applications Agentlessly
•Offers Recommendations for Server/Application Virtualization
•Works with the Virtualization ROI Tool to generate ROI calculations
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 Objectives And Takeaways
Objective(s):
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V
System Requirements
Architecture
Hyper-V in Production
Virtualization Demo
Hyper-V Networking
Hyper-V Systems and VM Creation
Microsoft System Center
Virtualization Comparison

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 Hyper-V in the Press
“Even though Hyper-V is still pre-1.0 code, I
think Microsoft has done a bang-up job with
its hypervisor, and it may just turn this Linux
freak into a Windows 2008 junkie for running
his own personal virtualization needs.”
- ZDNet
“Yes, jaws actually dropped
when it [Hyper-V] was installed
in the Test Center.”
- CRN
“My experience has left me extremely
impressed. Windows Server 2008 on large-
scale, virtualized enterprise servers will make
alternatives a very hard sell.”
- Infoworld
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“Microsoft's virtualization has three unique
advantages: It costs nothing, its
administration is integrated into Microsoft's
other server management tools, and
Windows Server 2008 is the only host OS it
needs to support. In that last case, Windows
shops derive a serious performance and
scalability kick...”
- Infoworld
“Hyper-V is free as a built-in feature in Server 2008
Standard and ESX Server costs several thousand
dollars per copy, depending on the features
purchased, so on a pure bang per buck and ease of use
basis, it beats ESX and dare I say it – the Xen solutions
built into Linux distros – hands down.
- ZDNet
Virtualization in the Industry
 Virtualization 2010
World Wide
Information Week Oct. 2007 Virtualization Adoption
“The [virtualization field] is
nowhere near saturated. IDC 17,00% Non-
Virtualized
estimates that only 17% of the servers
worldwide server market will be
Virtualized
virtualized by 2010, up from 5% servers
83,00%
in 2005.”

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 Microsoft IT Going Green
Production Use Test/Development Use
Virtual Server in heavy use for Virtual Server in heavy use for
18+ months 18+ months
2,500+ virtual machines 500+ virtual machines
~100 new VMs per month Consolidation Ratios
Consolidation Ratios 16 servers to 1 server
8 servers to 1 server

Test/Development Savings:
Item Physical System Cost Virtual Server Build Cost Savings

Number of servers required 477 systems @ a cost of $5k 16 physical host systems @ Just under 2 million dollars
each $20k each
Total $2.3 million Total: $320 thousand

Hard drive space 19 terabytes 8 terabytes 11 terabytes

Rack space 30 racks 2 racks 28 racks

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Windows Server 2008
Hyper-V
 Windows Hyper-V Requirements
Description
Hypervisor based virtualization platform
Windows Server 2008 x64 Edition technology
Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter Editions
Hardware Requirements
x64 server with hardware assisted virtualization
AMD AMD-V or Intel VT
Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP) required
AMD (NX no execute bit)
Intel (XD execute disable)
Note: Enabling these BIOS features requires powering down
(not rebooting) the server to take effect

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Architecture
 Provided by:

Hyper-V Architecture
OS
ISV / IHV / OEM
Microsoft Hyper-V
Microsoft / XenSource
Parent
Partition
Child Partitions

VM Worker
Processes
Applications Applications Applications Applications
WMI Provider User
VM Service Mode
Windows Windows Server Non- Xen-Enabled
Server 2008 2003, 2008 Hypervisor Linux Kernel
Aware OS Linux
Windows Windows
Kernel VSP Kernel VSC VSC
IHV
Drivers VMBus Kernel
VMBus VMBus Emulation Hypercall Adapter Mode

Windows hypervisor Ring -1

“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware

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 Hyper-V
Capabilities
32-bit (x86) & 64-bit (x64) VMs
Large memory support (64 GB) per VM
SMP VMs (up to 4 cores)
Integrated cluster support for HA & Quick Migration
BitLocker: Seamless, secure data encryption
Live Backup: Volume Shadow Service integration
Pass-through disk access for VMs
Virtual Machine snapshots
New hardware sharing architecture (VSP/VSC/VMBus)
Disk, networking, input, video
Robust networking: VLANs and NLB
DMTF standard for WMI management interface
Support for Full or Server Core installations

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 Windows Server Core
Server Core: new minimal
installation option
Provides essential server
functionality
Command Line Interface
only, no GUI Shell
Benefits
Less code results in fewer
patches and reduced
servicing burden
Low surface area server for
targeted roles
More secure and reliable
with less management

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 Security
Isolation
No sharing of virtualized devices
Separate VMBus instance per vm to the parent
No sharing of memory
Each has its own address space
VMs cannot communicate with each other, except
through traditional networking
Guests can’t perform DMA attacks because they’re
never mapped to physical devices
Guests cannot write to the hypervisor
Parent partition cannot write to the hypervisor
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 Hyper-V in Production
TAP, RDP & MSIT Hyper-V Deployments
Thousands of Hyper-V VMs in PRODUCTION
Windows Server 2003/2008 Roles:
File, Print, AD, RODC, IIS/Web, TS, Application Services, DHCP, DNS,
WSS and more…
Microsoft Server Products:
SQL, Exchange, HPC, ISA, Sharepoint, Project Server, VSTS, BizTalk,
Configuration Manager, Operations Manager, Virtual Machine
Manager & more…
Hyper-V Stats:
Performance Blockers: ZERO
Deployment Blockers: ZERO
Application Compatibility Bugs: ZERO
Scalability Blockers: ZERO
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 Hyper-V in Production
Hyper-V Powering Microsoft Internet Properties
TechNet: 100% Hyper-V
http://technet.microsoft.com
~1 million hits a DAY
MSDN:
http://msdn.microsoft.com
~3 million hits a DAY
Microsoft.com (50% and growing)
http://www.microsoft.com
1 billion hits a MONTH
Virtualizing TechNet & MSDN Whitepaper
http://download.microsoft.com/download/6/C/5/6C559B56
-8556-4097-8C81-
2D4E762CD48E/MSCOM_Virtualizes_MSDN_TechNet_on_Hy
per-V.docx
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Hyper-V Networking
 Hyper-V Networking
Two physical network
adapters at minimum
One for management
One (or more) for VM
networking
Dedicated NIC(s) for iSCSI
Connect parent to back-
end management network
Only expose guests to internet
traffic

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 Hyper-V Network Configurations
Example 1:
Physical Server has 4 network adapters
NIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for management
NICs 2/3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual
machine networking
Storage is non-iSCSI such as:
Direct attach
SAS or Fibre Channel

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 Hyper-V Setup & Networking 1

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 Hyper-V Setup & Networking 2

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 Hyper-V Setup & Networking 3

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Each VM on its own Switch…
Parent
Partition
Child Partitions

VM Worker
Processes
Applications Applications Applications
WMI Provider User
VM Service Mode
Windows VM 1 VM 2 VM 3
Server 2008
Windows Windows Linux
Kernel VSC Kernel
VSC Kernel
VSC
VSP
VS
VS
P
P Kernel
VMBus VMBus VMBus VMBus Mode
Windows hypervisor Ring -1
Mgmt VSwitch 1 VSwitch 2 VSwitch 3
NIC 1 NIC 2 NIC 3 NIC 4

“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware

 Hyper-V Network Configurations
Example 2:
Server has 4 physical network adapters
NIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for management
NIC 2: Assigned to parent partition for iSCSI
NICs 3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual
machine networking

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 Hyper-V Setup, Networking & iSCSI

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Now with iSCSI…
Parent
Partition
Child Partitions

VM Worker
Processes
Applications Applications Applications
WMI Provider User
VM Service Mode
Windows VM 1 VM 2 VM 3
Server 2008
Windows Windows Linux
Kernel VSC Kernel
VSC Kernel
VSC
VSP
VS
P Kernel
VMBus VMBus VMBus VMBus Mode
Windows hypervisor Ring -1
Mgmt iSCSI NIC VSwitch 1 VSwitch 2
NIC 1 2 NIC 3 NIC 4

“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware

 Networking: Parent Partition

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 Networking: Virtual Switches

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Hyper-V Systems & VM
Creation
 Hyper-V & Laptops
No support for wireless
networking
Can’t sleep/hibernate system
Use multiple spindles
Disk for system
Disk for virtual machines
Intel Note: Santa Rosa
Chipset and later
Supports 4 GB and greater

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 Hyper-V Laptop Configuration
Disk 1: Two Partitions Disk 2: Two Partitions
Vista SP1 & Windows 2008 VMs & Storage
Disk 1, Partition 2: ~24 GB Disk 2, Partition 2: ~84 GB

Windows Server 2008 x64 Storage

Edition ISOs

Disk 1, Partition 1: ~70 GB Disk 2, Partition 1: ~65 GB

Vista SP1 RTM Virtual Machines

Laptop

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 Inexpensive Dev/Demo System
Single Proc Quad Core
2.4 GHz
300 GB Drive
DVD-RW Burner
1 Gb/E NIC
$700
8 GB DDR2 800 MHz
$150
2 500 GB SATA disks
$200 ($99 x 2)

Total: $1050
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 Creating Virtual Machines
Steps:
1. Create virtual machine
2. Install guest operating system & latest SP
3. Install integration components
4. Install anti-virus
5. Install management agents
6. SYSPREP
7. Add it to the SCVMM Library
Windows Server 2003
Create vms using 2-way to ensure an MP HAL
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Microsoft System Center
 What about…
Heterogeneous Virtualization
Management
Physical to Virtual Conversion (P2V)
Virtual to Virtual Conversion (V2V)
Virtual Server to Hyper-V
VMware to Hyper-V
Virtual Machine Library
PowerShell Scripting
Delegated Administration
Virtual Machine Authoring
VM Templates/Cloning
Failover Cluster Integration

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 System Center

Backup Hardware
• Live host level virtual machine backup • Virtual machine
Provisioning management
• In guest consistency • Server consolidation and resource
• Rapid recovery utilization optimization
• Conversions: P2V and V2V
Disaster Workload
Recovery Provisioning

• End to end service management • Patch management and deployment

• Server and application health • OS and application configuration
monitoring & management management
• Performance reporting and analysis
Monitoring Software upgrades
• Patching

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Virtualization Comparison
 Virtual Server 2005 vs. Hyper-V
Virtualization Feature Virtual Server 2005
Hyper-V
R2

32-bit Virtual Machines Yes Yes

64-bit Virtual Machines No Yes

Multi Processor Virtual Machines No Yes, 4 core VMs

Virtual Machine Memory Support 3.6 GB per VM 64 GB per VM

Managed by System Center Virtual Machine
Yes Yes
Manager

Support for Microsoft Clustering Services Yes Yes

Host side backup support (VSS) Yes Yes

Scriptable / Extensible Yes, COM Yes, WMI

User Interface Web Interface MMC 3.0 Interface

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 Microsoft Virtualization…
Hyper-V VMWare
ESX 3.5 Server
Architecture Support x86 & x64 x86 & x64
Large Memory Support 64 GB per VM 64 GB per VM
Guest Multi-processing 2/4-core support (free) 2/4-core ($$)
Migration Quick Migration Live Migration ($$)
WAN Disaster Recovery Local Disaster Recovery ($$)
Management Virtual Machines
Management Unified Physical and Virtual Virtual Only

Microsoft Provides a Multilevel Approach

Infrastructure
Management
Applications
Interoperability

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 Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008
Simplified and optimized
Provides basic virtualization capabilities
Great stand-alone hypervisor-based virtualization product.
Reliable and responsive
Micro-kernelized hypervisor with no third party device drivers
Rapidly provision new virtual machines
Easily integrates into existing infrastructure
Leverage existing management tools (e.g,: System Center, VMM)
Leverage existing support tools & processes
Leverage existing IT Pro skill-set and knowledge

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 Hyper-V Server: Pricing and
Licensing
Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 is available as a free download from
http://www.microsoft.com/hyper-VServer
No CALs are required for Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008.
CALs are still required for the guest OS.
Every guest OS instance must be licensed.
Customers who want flexible virtualization rights should use Windows
Server 2008.
Windows Server 2008 Std Edition
1 VM instance included
Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition
4 VM instances included
Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition
Unlimited VM instances per processor license

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 Microsoft Virtualization APIs
Virtual Server COM Interface
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/bb309134(VS.85).aspx
Virtual Hard Disk Format
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver
/techinfo/vhdspec.mspx
Beta Hyper-V WMI Provider APIs
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/cc136992(VS.85).aspx
Beta Hyper-V Hypercall Interface
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=9
1E2E518-C62C-4FF2-8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en

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 Online Resources
Microsoft Virtualization Home:
http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization
Windows Server Virtualization Blog Site:
http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/default.aspx
Windows Server Virtualization TechNet Site:
http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Release Candidate:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/949219
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V RC Installation Guide:
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv-install.aspx
System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Beta:
http://connect.microsoft.com

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 © 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market
conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation.
MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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