Ateneo de Manila University

Loyola Schools

History 166: Philippine History

Second Semester 2018-2019
COURSE NUMBER: HI 166 SECTIONS AND HI 166 AA
TITLE: Philippine History SCHEDULES TTh 1100-1230 at CTC-302
3 Units
HI 166 K
PREREQUISITE: HI 165 TTh 1230-1400 at CTC-306
Rizal and the Emergence of the
Philippine Nation HI 166 J
TTh 1530-1700 at CTC-105
FACULTY: Brian Paul Giron
Department of History HI 166 E
School of Social Sciences TTh 1700-1830 at K-303
A. Course Description

As Hi 165 traces the development of the Philippines from the pre-Spanish period to the Revolution of 1896-
1897, Hi 166 concentrates on the challenges that the Philippines faced in its efforts to establish an
independent democratic republic. The course discusses the forging of a national identity and government
in the late 19th early 20th centuries, the entry of the United States and the Philippine-American War, the
experience under American colonial rule, preparation for eventual independence, the exigencies of war and
occupation under Japan, and the struggles of the young republic. The course closes with the declaration of
martial law in 1972, when the nation’s experiment with Western-style democracy came to a temporary end.

B. Course Objectives

At the end of the semester, students should be able to:

1. Identify primary sources in Philippine history and explain the manner by which such sources are
used to construct historical narratives;
2. Trace the development of the Philippine nation from the revolutionary period to the EDSA People
Power Revolution of 1986 and outline key events;
3. Determine the validity and limitations of both primary and secondary sources by assessing their
context;
4. Construct an argument based on the appraisal of historical sources.
5. Connect the Philippines and its historical experiences to global and international currents and
realities.

C. Methodology

The course is a historiographic approach to teaching Philippine history and will make use of lectures,
critical readings of both primary and secondary sources, and guided research.

D. Course Outline and Readings

Date Topic/s Reading/s

Syllabus

22 January 2019 What is Historiography? John H. Arnold, History, a Very

Short Introduction (New York:
Oxford University Press, 2000) 1-
14.
 Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo

“Prologue: The Rooster’s Egg” in

Benediction Anderson, Under
Three Flags: Anarchism and the
Anti-colonial Imagination (Verso,
2005), 9-25.

24 January 2019 Why Rizal? How the ‘Emergence
of the Filipino Nation’?
“Ilocano Superstitions that are
Similarly Found in Europe” in
Isabelo de los Reyes, El Folk-Lore
Filipino (Quezon City: University of
the Philippines Press, 2010), 127-
141.

“The Noli Me Tangere as Catalyst

of Revolution “ in John N.
Schumacher, The Making of a
Nation: Essays on Nineteenth
Century Nationalism. (Quezon
City: Ateneo de Manila University
Press, 2008), 91-101.

“Pedro Paterno” in Resil B.

Mojares, Brains of the Nation:
Pedro Paterno, T.H. Pardo de
Tavera, Isabelo de los Reyes and
the Production of Modern
Knowledge (Quezon City: Ateneo
de Manila University Press, 2006),
1-118.

29 January 2019 How cool were the Ilustrados? “Waiting for Mariang Makiling” in
Resil B. Mojares, Waiting for
Mariang Makiling: Essays in
Philippine Cultural History
(Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila
University Press, 2002), 1-19.

31 January 2019 Short Historiographic Task Discussion

Date Topic/s Reading/s

Malolos Constitution. 1899.

Selected Articles.

McKinley, William. December 21,

7 February 2019 Are there really only elites and
masses in Philippine society?
1898. Benevolent Proclamation
Assimilation
Teodoro Agoncillo, The Revolt of
the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio
and the Katipunan (Quezon City:
University of the Philippines Press,
1956.
 “Andres Bonifacio and the Problem
of Class” in Resil Mojares,
Interrogations in Philippine Cultural
History (Quezon City: Ateneo de
Manila University Press, 1997),
19-41.

Report of the Philippine

Commission to the President
January 31, 1900

12 February 2019 How benevolent was
Benevolent Assimilation?
“Chapter Six: The Filipino Colonial
State, 1902-1946” in Patricio N.
Abinales and Donna J. Amoroso,
State and Society in the
Philippines (Pasig City: Anvil
Publishing Inc., 2005), 134-166.

Annual Reports of the War

Department, 1900, 1901, 1902.

14 February 2019 Why do some people think that “A Time Between Times” and “The
war is cool? Coming of the Americans” in Resil
B. Mojares, The War Against the
Americans and Collaboration in
Cebu, 1899-1906 (Quezon City:
Ateneo de Manila University
Press, 1999), 5-16; 17-25.

Date Topic/s Reading/s

Parker Hitt Photograph

Collection; Dean Worcester,
Photographs of the Philippine
Islands; General John J.
Pershing Photograph Collection
(from the Philippine
Photographs Digital Archive,
Special Collections Library,
University of Michigan).

David Barrows, History of the

Philippines (1925).
19 February 2019 What did they teach our lolas?
Mary H. Fee, A Woman’s
Impressions of the Philippines
(1912).

Mary Racelis and Judy Ick (eds),

Bearers of benevolence : the
Thomasites and public education
in the Philippines (Pasig City: Anvil
Publishing, 2001).

21 February 2019 Shall the Filipina Women Vote?
26 February 2019 Is science cooler than state?
28 February 2019 How much sweeter is our
sugar?
5 March 2019
Date
Encarnacion Alzona, Shall the
Filipina Women Vote? (1919).
Michael Cullinane, Ilustrado
Politics: Filipino Elite Responses to
American Rule, 1898-1908
(Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila
University Press, 2003), 112-142.
Bureau of Science, Manila. The
Philippine Journal of Science.
Manila: Bureau of Printing.
Warwick Anderson, Colonial
Pathologies: American Tropical
Medicine, Race, and Hygiene in
the Philippines (Duke University
Press, 2006), 74-103, 104-129,
180-206.
James Francis Warren, “Scientific
Superman: Father Jose Algue,
Jesuit Metereology, and the
Philippines Under American Rule,
1897-1924,” in Colonial Crucible:
Empire in the Making of the
Modern American State, ed. Alfred
W. McCoy and Francisco A.
Scarano (University of Wisconsin
Press, 2009), 508-520.
Quezon, Manuel. 1938.
Privileged Status of Sugar
Centrals.
Osmena, Sergio. 1939.
Economics of Bilateral Free
Trade with the United States.
A.V.H. Hartendorp, History of
Industry and Trade of the
Philippines (Manila : American
Chamber of Commerce of the
Philippines, 1958-1961).
Long Exam 1
Topic/s Reading/s
Jim Richardson, Komunista: the
Genesis of the Philippine
Communist Party, 1902-1935
(Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila
University Press, 2011), 42-65,
138-247.
7 March 2019 Where do our communists come “President Quezon’s
from? Commonwealth” in Alfred W.
McCoy, Policing America's Empire:
The United States, the Philippines,
and the Rise of the Surveillance
State (University of Wisconsin
Press, 2009), 349-371.

Romulo, Carlos P. 1943. I Saw

the Fall of the Philippines.
12 March 2019 How do we remember the war? Garden City, New York:
Doubleday Doran.

UST Internment Camp Papers.

American Historical Collection.

Suicide Commandoes (1962)

Soledad S. Reyes, “The Komiks

and Retelling the Lore of the Folk,”
Philippine Studies: Historical and
Ethnographic Viewpoints 57
(2009): 389-417.

Tanada, Lorenzo M. 1971. “The

Folklore of Colonialism.” History
of the Filipino People, ed.
Teodoro Agoncillo and Milagros
Guerrero. Quezon City: R.P.
Garcia Publishing Co., 610-618.
14 March 2019 Sino ba talaga ang ‘tuta ng
kano’? Stephen Rosskamm Shalom, The
United States and the Philippines:
A Study of Neocolonialism
(Quezon City: New Day
Publishers, 1986), 103- 160.

Renato Constantino, The

Philippines: The Continuing Past
(Foundation for Nationalist
Studies, 1982)

Benedict J. Kerkvliet, The Huk

Rebellion: A Study of Peasant
Revolt in the Philippines (Quezon
City: New Day Publishers, 1979),
110-202.

19 March 2019 Where are all the women in Vina A. Lanzona, Amazons of the
history? HUK Rebellion: Gender, Sex, and
Revolution in the Philippines
(Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila
University Press, 2010).
 Lisandro E. Claudio, ‘Postcolonial
Fissures and the Contingent
Nation: An Antinationalist Critique
of Philippine Historiography’ in
Philippine Studies: Historical and
Ethnographic Viewpoints Vol. 61,
No. 1 (2013), 45-75.

21 March 2019 Who is the most Filipino? Meynardo P. Mendoza, ‘Binding

the Islands: Air Transport and
State Capacity Building in the
Philippines, 1946-1961’ in
Philippine Studies: Historical and
Ethnographic Viewpoints Vol. 61,
No. 1 (2013), 77-104.

26 March 2019 Long Exam 2

Date Topic/s Reading/s

Iginuhit ng Tadhana. Film by

Jose de Villa, written by
Emmanuel H. Borlaza and
Luciano Carlos. 1965.

“Benigno Aquino vs. Juan

Ponce Enrile on the
Constitutionality of Martial
Law.” Supreme Court, Manila.
March 31, 1973. Marcos,
Ferdinand E. Revolution from
the Center: How the Philippines
is Using Martial Law to Build a
New Society. Hong Kong: Raya
28 March 2019 How golden was the golden age Books, 1978.
of Marcos?
James Boyce, The Political
Economy of Growth and
Impoverishment in the Marcos Era
(Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila
University Press, 1997), 1-60.

Ricardo Manapat, Some are

Smarter than Others: The History
of Marcos’ Crony Capitalism (New
York: Aletheia Publications, 1991),
1-96.

“Chapter Eight: Marcos, 1965-

1986” in Patricio N. Abinales and
Donna J. Amoroso, State and
Society in the Philippines (Pasig
City: Anvil Publishing Inc., 2005),
193-229.

2 April 2019 Why is martial law so Rigoberto Tiglao, “The

 complicated? Consolidation of the Dictatorship”
in Dictatorship and Revolution:
Roots of People’s Power, ed.
Aurora Javate De Dios et al.
(Manila: Conspectus, 1988), 26-
69.

Aquino, Corazon. Speech to a

Joint Session of the US Congress.
4 April 2019 Did EDSA Fail? September 18, 1986.

Lisandro Claudio, Taming People's

Power: The EDSA Revolutions
and their Contradictions (Quezon
City: Ateneo de Manila University
Press, 2013).

Nathan Quimpo, Contested

Democracy and the Left in the
Philippines After Marcos (Quezon
City: Ateneo de Manila University
Press, 2008).

4 April 2019 What is left of the Left? Patricio Abinales (ed.), The
Revolution Falters The Left in
Philippine Politics after 1986
(Southeast Asia Program
Publications).

11 April 2019 Synthesis Lecture

25 April 2019 Tentative Schedule for Final Exam

*additional readings may be added throughout the semester at the discretion of the course instructor

E. Supplemetary Sources

Agoncillo, Teodoro. History of the Filipino People, 8th ed. Quezon City: Garotech Publishing, 1990.

Abinales, Patricio and Donna J. Amoroso, State and Society in the Philippines. Pasig City: Anvil Publishing
Inc., 2005.

De la Costa, Horacio. Readings in Philippine History. Makati City: Bookmark, 1992.

Arnold, John H. History, A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Boyce, James K. the Political Economy of Growth and Impverishment in the Marcos Era. Quezon City:
Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1993.

Gottschalk, Louis Reichenthal. Understanding History: A Primer of Historical Method. New York: Knopf,
1969.

Tosh, John. The Pursuit of History: Aims, Methods, and New Directions in the Study of History. 6 th ed.
London and New York: Routledge, 2015.
The Library of Congress. Digital Collections. https://www.loc.gov/collections/

Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/

F. Course Requirements

Long Exams (40%)

Short Historiographic Integration Task (30%)

Class Participation and other Work (10%)

Final Exam (20%)

The final exam is comprehensive and covers all topics discussed in class during the semester.

G. Grading System

1. Composition of Final Grade:

Long Exams 40%

Short Historiographic Integration Task 30%
Class Participation and other Work 10%
Final Exam 20%

2. Final Grade Table of Equivalents:

A 92 and above
B+ 87-91
B 83-86
C+ 79-82
C 75-78
D 70-74
F 69 and below
W Overcut

H. Classroom Policies

1. A beadle will be selected on the second day of class. The beadle will assist in the checking of
attendance, dissemination of announcements and circulation of readings.
2. Attendance will be checked at the beginning of every class with the assistance of the class beadles.
Incurring more than six cuts will result in a final grade of W.
3. Students who come in late will be penalized the equivalent of half a cut.
4. Students who come in late must inform the instructor immediately at the end of the class about their
tardiness or they will be penalized a full cut.
5. Leaving the classroom for a prolonged period of time once the class has started will be recorded as an
absence.
6. Absences due to late registration are considered cuts.
7. It is the responsibility of students to read the required text in preparation for class discussions and
exams.
8. Students who are disruptive or display untoward and/or rude behavior in class will be sent out and
penalized a full cut.
9. No make-up exams will be given to students who fail to take an exam except in cases where the reason
is considered grave and proper documentation is presented. Students who miss exams due to unavoidable
official school business are also allowed a make-up exam.
10. Requirements will only be accepted during the first fifteen minutes of class, and only in the class for
which a student is enrolled. Acceptance of late requirements will be at the discretion of the instructor.
Penalties for late requirements, if accepted, will also be at the discretion of the instructor.
11. The use of mobile phones during class is strictly prohibited.
12. The use of laptops, notebooks and/or other electronic devices is allowed within certain limits. Abuse of
this function will be considered as disruptive, rude or improper and may merit sanctions.
13. There will be no distinction made between excused and unexcused absences.
14. Announcements will be made through an online bulletin board (the URL of the bulletin board will be
given out on the first day of class)
15. It is the responsibility of students to check the online bulletin board for announcements regularly.
16. Students who merit a pre-final grade of B+ *(87) are exempted from taking the Final Exam.

I. Consultation Hours

Consultation hours are on Tuesdays and Thursdays, from 1400 to 1530, at the history department.