Jawapan

Nisbah, Kadar dan Kadaran 5. (a) GSTK bagi 5, 3 dan 15 ialah 15.
BAB 4 Ratios, Rates and Proportions LCM of 5, 3 and 15 is 15.

= 1 × 15 : 1 × 15 : 7 × 15
5 3 15
1. (a) 3 : 5 : 8
=3:5:7
(b) 700 : 900 : 200
(b) FSTB bagi 126, 63 dan 168 ialah 21.
=7:9:2 HCF of 126, 63 and 168 is 21.

(c) 1 × 6 : 1 × 6 : 1 × 6 = 126 : 63 : 168

3 2 6 21 21 21
=2:3:1 =6:3:8

2. (a) 3 : 2 : 5 dan / and 7 : 6 : 9 6. (a) 900 m : 2.7 km = 900 ÷ 1 000 km : 2.7 km

= 0.9 : 2.7
3 : 2 : 5 = 3 × 3 : 2 × 3 : 5 × 3 ✗ = 0.9 ÷ 0.9 : 2.7 ÷ 0.9
= 9 : 6 : 15 =1:3
(b) 0.5 : 0.9 : 1.2 dan / and 10 : 18 : 24
(b) Nisbah bilangan lembu kepada 32 ekor
0.5 : 0.9 : 1.2 ✓ kambing adalah setara dengan nisbah 5 : 8.
= 0.5 × 20 : 0.9 × 20 : 1.2 × 20 The ratio of the number of cows to 32 goats is equivalent
= 10 : 18 : 24 to the ratio 5 : 8.

Bilangan lembu : bilangan kambing

(c) 1 : 2 : 5 dan / and 3 : 4 : 5 Number of cows : number of goats
2 3 6
=5×4:8×4
1:2 : 5 = 1 × 6 : 2 × 6 : 5 × 6 ✓ = 20 : 32
2 3 6 2 3 6
Maka, terdapat 20 ekor lembu.
= 3 : 4 : 5 Hence, there are 20 cows.

7. (a) Kadar / Rate = 114 perkataan / words

3 min
3. (a) 2 : 3 : 5 = 4 : 6 : 10 = 38 perkataan/min (words/min)

(b) 3 : 6 : 10 = 9 : 18 : 30 (b) Kadar / Rate = RM18

10
= RM1.80/batang (pen)
(c) 10 : 4 : 18 = 5 : 2 :9
8.
(d) 7 : 9 : 11 = 14 : 18 : 22
45 km/j 45 × 1 000 45 000
125 m/s
45 km/h 1 × 60 × 60 360

4.

9. (a) 50 ml/s
= 50 ml
1s
= 50  ÷ 1 000
1 ÷ 60 ÷ 60
= 0.05
1 ÷ 3 600
= 180 l/j (l/h)

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 (b) 100 kg/m3 10. (a) Kelajuan kereta
Speed of the car
= 100 kg
1 m3 = 60 km
1 j (h)
= 100 × 1 000
1 × 1003 = 60 × 1 000 m
1 × 60 min
= 100 000
1 000 000 = 60 000 m
= 0.1 g/cm3 60 min
= 1 000 m/min
(c) 60 l/j / l/h
(b) Ketumpatan bongkah logam
= 60 l Density of the metal
1 j (h)
= 1.2 g3
= 60 × 1 000 1 cm
1 × 60
= 1.2 ÷ 1 000 kg
= 60 000 1 ÷ 1003 m3
60
= 1 000 ml/min = 1 200 kg/m3

(d) RM2.70/min 11. (a) RM70 =

RM104
5 ekor 8 ekor
= RM2.70 RM70 RM104
1 min 5 chickens
=
8 chickens
= 2.7 × 100
1 × 60 13 kg 11 kg
(b) =
6 biji 5 biji
= 270
60 13 kg 11 kg
= 5 watermelons
= 4.5 sen/s 6 watermelons

3 pekerja 7 pekerja
(c) =
5 hari 2 hari
3 workers 7 workers
=
5 days 2 days

12. (a) Kaedah unitari Keuntungan bagi 5 buah komputer

Unitary method The profit of selling 5 computers
= RM2 700
Keuntungan bagi sebuah komputer
The profit of selling a computer
= RM2 700 ÷ 5
= RM540
Keuntungan bagi 7 buah komputer
The profit of selling 7 computers
= RM540 × 7
= RM3 780
Kaedah kadaran Katakan x ialah keuntungan menjual 7 buah komputer.
Proportion method Let x be the profit of selling 7 computers.
7
×
5
   RM2 700 x x = 2 700 × 7
= 5
5 7 x = RM3 780
7
×
5

Kaedah darab x
2 700 = 5x = 7 × 2 700
silang 5 7
Cross multiplication x = 7 × 2 700
method 5
x = RM3 780

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 (b) Kaedah unitari 1 500 g = 5 biji kek / cakes
Unitary method
100 g = 5 = 1 biji kek / cake
15 3
900 g tepung / flour = 1 × 9
3
= 3 biji kek / cakes
Kaedah kadaran Katakan x ialah bilangan kek. / Let x be the number of cakes.
Proportion method 3
×
5
   5 = x x = 5 × 3
5
1 500 900 x = 3 biji kek / cakes
900 3
× =
1 500 5

Kaedah darab x
5 = 1 500x = 5 × 900
silang 1 500 900
Cross multiplication x = 5 × 900
method 1 500
x = 3 biji kek / cakes

13. (a) 1.8 jam/ hour

14. Nisbah / Rates a b c a:b:c

(a) a : b = 2 : 7 2 7
dan / and 2:7:3
b : c = 7 : 3 7 3
(b) a : b = 16 : 21 16 21
dan / and 16 : 21 : 12
b : c = 7 : 4 7 × 3 = 21 4 × 3 = 12

15. Damia Batrisya Huda (b) Katakan x ialah jumlah masa dihabiskan
dalam 12 hari.
4×2 3×2 Let x be the total time spent in 12 days.
=8 =6
Jumlah jam dihabiskan dalam masa 3 hari
6 7 Total hours spent in 3 days
Bilangan kek dijual oleh Damia : bilangan kek = 2.3 + 3.75
dijual oleh Batrisya : bilangan kek dijual oleh Huda = 6.05 jam / hours
Number of cakes sold by Damia : number of cakes sold by ×4
Batrisya : number of cakes sold by Huda
= 8 : 6 : 7 3 hari /days = 12 hari /days
6.05 jam / hours x
16. (a) 4 bahagian / parts = 2.4 kg ×4

1 bahagian / part = 2.4 x = 6.05 × 4

4 = 24.2 jam / hours
= 0.6 kg
Berat sebiji tembikai / Mass of a watermelon
= 6 × 0.6
= 3.6 kg
Berat sebiji betik / Mass of a papaya
= 3 × 0.6
= 1.8 kg
Jumlah / Total = 3.6 + 1.8
= 5.4 kg

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 (c) Katakan x ialah bilangan membakar. Panjang tali A / Length of rope A
Let x be the number of baking. = 4(10)
3 orang guru / teachers = 18 biji / cupcakes = 40 cm
Peratusan panjang tali B kepada tali A
1 guru / teacher = 18 The percentage of the length of rope B to rope A
3
=6 = 51 × 100%
40
24 orang guru / teachers = 6 × 24 = 127.5 %
= 144 biji / cupcakes
×8
(b) (i) Panjang baharu : Lebar baharu : Tinggi
   1 = x x = 1 × 8 baharu
18 144 =8 New length : New width : New height
×
144
=8
= 1.2 × 5 : 1.2 × x2 : 1.2 × 3
18
= 5 : x2 : 3 Tambah 20% = 120% = 1.2
Maka, 8 kali pembakaran diperlukan. Added 20% = 120% = 1.2
Hence, 8 times of baking are needed.
Maka, nisbah tidak berubah.
Hence, the ratio remains the same.
17. Peratus soalan dijawab dengan betul
The percentage of the questions answered correctly
(ii) Tinggi asal / Original height
= 4 × 100% = 7.2 ÷ 1.2
4+1 = 6 cm
= 80%
3 bahagian tinggi / parts of height = 6 cm
18. Nisbah kedai telah memasang CCTV kepada 1 bahagian tinggi / part of height = 2 cm
yang belum memasang CCTV Panjang asal / Original length
The ratio of the shops that have installed CCTV to the shop that
have not installed CCTV
=5×2
= 65 : 100 – 65 = 10 cm
= 65 : 35 Lebar asal / Original width
= 13 : 7 = x2 × 2
= 2x2
19. Katakan b ialah peratusan baki air di dalam bekas. 10 × 2x2 × 6 = 1 920
Let b be the percentage of the water left in the container.
2x2 × 60 = 1 920
Baki isi padu air dalam bekas x2 = 1 920
The volume of water left in the container 2 × 60
= 2 500 – 5 00 = 16
= 2 000 ml Isi padu baharu / New volume
b = 2 000 = (1.2 × 10) × [1.2 × 2(16)] × 7.2

100 2 500 = 12 × 38.4 × 7.2
2 500 × b = 2 000 × 100 = 3 317.76 cm3
b = 2 000 × 100
2 500
= 80%
Praktis PT 3
Peratusan baki isi padu air di dalam bekas ialah
80%.
Percentage of the volume of water left in the container is 80%. 1. (a) (i) ✓      (ii)  ✗     (iii)  ✓

(b) Jumlah bahagian / Total parts = 2 + 3

20. (a) (i) 4x + 5x + 1 = 91 =5
9x = 90
x =10 5 bahagian / parts = 6.8 kg
1 bahagian / part = 1.36 kg
(ii) Panjang tali B / Length of rope B Jisim bola boling B / Mass of bowling ball B
= 5(10) + 1 = 3 × 1.36
= 51 cm = 4.08 kg

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 (c) (i) 17 = x (c) Katakan markah Chong Han ialah x dan
0.85 1.5 – 0.85 markah Sally ialah y.
Let Chong Han’s marks is x and Sally’s marks is y.
17 = x
0.85 0.65 2 × y = 90
0.85 × x = 17 × 0.65 y = 90
2
x = 17 × 0.65
0.85 = 45
= 13 3 × x = 45
x = 45
(ii) 3
= 15
Isi padu baharu air minuman (l)
New volume of water drinking (l) Markah Chong Han : Markah Pritu : Markah
Devran Janson Harith Sally
Chong Han’s marks : Pritu’s marks : Sally’s marks
= 0.85 ÷ 2 = 0.65 ÷ 2 = 1.5 – 0.425 – 0.325
= 15 : 90 : 45
= 0.425 = 0.325 = 0.75
= 15 : 90 : 45
15 15 15
Nisbah baharu / New ratio
=1:6:3
= 0.425 × 1 000 : 0.325 × 1 000 : 0.75 × 1000
= 425 : 325 : 750
= 425 : 325 : 750
25 25 25 Cabaran
KBAT
= 17 : 13 : 30
Harga seunit pengisar L / Price of a unit of blender L
2. (a) (i) 126 ÷ 2 = RM63

Harga seunit pengisar N / Price of a unit of blender N

252 ÷ 3 = RM84

Harga seunit pengisar L = 3 × Harga seunit pengisar M

(ii) = 5 × 25 : 4 × 25 7
Price of a unit of blender L = 3 × Price of a unit of blender M
= 125 : 100 7
= 125%
Harga seunit pengisar M
Price of a unit of blender M
(b)
Kacang soya Kacang merah Kacang hijau = 7 × 63
3
Soy beans Red beans Green beans
= RM147
10 7
5 × 2 = 10 8 × 2 = 16 Nisbah harga seunit pengisar L kepada harga seunit
pengisar N kepada harga seunit pengisar M
Maka, nisbah bilangan peket kacang soya The ratio of the price of a unit of blender L to the price of a unit of
blender N to the price of a unit of blender M
kepada kacang merah kepada kacang hijau
= 63 : 84 : 147
= 10 : 7 : 16
Hence, the ratio of the number of packets of soy beans to = 63 : 84 : 147
red beans to green beans 21 21 21
= 10 : 7 : 16 =3:4:7

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