MATH 28 F 2nd Semester AY 2018-2019

First Long Quiz Key to Corrections February 19, 2019

I. Multiple Choice.
1. A 4. B 7. A
2. NA 5. D
3. A 6. D

II. Problem Solving.

( )
n 2
3 +n
1. Determine whether the sequence is convergent or divergent. (4 points)
5n − n
3x + x2
Solution: Let f (x) = . Then,
5x − x
3n + n2 3x + x2 ∞ 3x ln 3 + 2x ∞ 3x (ln 3)2 + 2 ∞
     
lim = lim x L lim L lim
n→+∞ 5n − n x→+∞ 5 − x ∞ = x→+∞ 5x ln 5 − 1 ∞ = x→+∞ 5x (ln 5)2 ∞
x 3
3 (ln 3)
L lim x = 0.
= x→+∞ 5 (ln 5)3

Since the limit of the sequence exists, the given sequence is convergent.
2. For each of the following items, determine if the series is convergent or divergent.
(5 points each)
+∞
X 1 + en
(a) (−1)n+1 2n (Use AST.)
n=1
e
1 + en
Solution: Let an = .
e2n
1 + en 1 en 1 1 1
i. For any n ∈ N, we have an = 2n
= 2n
+ 2n
= 2n + n ≥ 2(n+1) +
e e e e e e
1 1 + en+1
= 2(n+1) = an+1 .
en+1 e
1 + ex
ii. Let f (x) = . Then,
e2x
1 + en 1 + ex ∞ ex
 
1
lim 2n
= lim 2x
L lim 2x
= lim = 0.
n→+∞ e x→+∞ e ∞ = x→+∞ 2e x→+∞ 2ex

Therefore, by AST, the given series is convergent.

+∞ n
X 2
(b) (Use any method.)
n=1
n2
Solution 1: Using Ratio test: 
 2n+1 
   
2  2n2 
 (n + 1) 
 
L = lim  = lim   = 2 > 1. Then, by the ratio
 
n→+∞  2n  n→+∞  (n + 1)2 
 n2 
 
 test, the given series is divergent.
Solution 2: Using Test for Divergence: 
2n 2x ∞ 2x ln 2 ∞ 2x ln 2 ln 2
 
L = lim 2 = lim 2 L lim L lim =
n→+∞ n x→+∞ x ∞ = x→+∞ 2x ∞ = x→+∞ 2
+∞ = 6 0. Then, by the test for divergence, the given series is divergent.
Solution 3: Using DCT:
1
Compare with +∞
P
n=1 which is a divergent series. For any n ∈ N,
n
2n n 1
2
≥ 2 = , then by DCT, the given series is divergent.
n n n

1
3. Determine the Maclaurin series expansion of f (x) = and solve for its inter-
1−x
val of convergence. (7 points)

n f (n) (x) f (n) (0)

1
0 1
1−x
1
1 1
(1 − x)2
2
2 2
(1 − x)3
2·3
3 3!
(1 − x)4
..
.
n!
n n!
(1 − x)n+1
1
= +∞ n
P
Therefore, n=0 x .
1 − x 
 xn+1 
IOC: lim  n  = lim |x| = |x| < 1. Hence, −1 < x < 1. We now check at
 
n→+∞  x  n→+∞
the boundaries of the resulting interval.
If x = −1, the resulting series isP +∞ n
P
n=0 (−1) which is divergent.
+∞
If x = 1, the resulting series is n=0 1 which is divergent.
Therefore the interval of convergence is (−1, 1).

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