AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.

8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767

115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A

1.1 DISTANCE PROTECTION

System detail
Substation AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV
Line 115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ
System voltage: 115 KV
Max. Load current: 850 A (Assumed)
Load Angle: 25 Deg (Assumed)
Min. 3 phase Bus fault level: 4000 A (Assumed)
3 phase fault angle: 85 Deg (Assumed)
Min. 1 phase Bus fault level: 3000 A (Assumed)
1 phase fault angle: 80 Deg (Assumed)
Feeder: OVER HEAD LINE
Feeder length: 3.900 Km
+ve seq. Resistance/Km: 0.0475 Ohms (Refer to annexure-f)
+ve seq. Reactance/Km: 0.3150 Ohms (Refer to annexure-f)
Line Angle: 81.00 deg
Zero seq. Resistance/Km: 0.3490 Ohms (Refer to annexure-f)
Zero seq. Reactance/Km: 1.4268 Ohms (Refer to annexure-f)
Mutual Resistance/Km: N/A
Mutual Reactance/Km: N/A
Arc resistance: To be calculated
Tower-foot resistance: 20 Ohms
Conductor to Gound Distance: 5 mtr Assumed
Conductor to Conductor Distance: 5 mtr Assumed
Zone-1 coverage: 80 % of Line length
Zone-2 coverage: 120 % of line length
Zone-3 coverage: 220 % of line length
Zone-4 coverage: N/A
Power swing: N/A
CT Py. Current: 2000 A
CT Sec. Current: 5A
PT Sec. Voltage: 115 A
PT Ratio: 1000
CT Ratio: 400
Transformatio Ratio: 0.4

4
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A

Relay details
Relay type: REL561 (Set -1 ) - 1MRK 002 496-AE
Line differential protection relay with distance protection 3
Zones, 3 & 1 ph. tripping, FFR, PSB, SOTF, WEI & Echo,
FL, Communication Assisted DEF, Mutual Compensation

Current Rating: 5A
AC Voltage Rating: 115 V
DC Voltage Rating: 125 V
Features: QUAD characteristic
SOTF: Enabled
PERMISSIVE TRIP: Disabled
Weak End Feed: N/A
TRIP: 3 Phase Trip

5
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A

Arc resistance calculation (E/F)

Total Impedance = Zs + (Z1 + Z2 + Z0)/3

Zs (Source Impedance) = (115 x1000 / SQRT(3)) / 3000

22.13 Ohms

Rs (Source Resistance) = Zs x COS (Source Imp. Angle)

= 22.13 x COS(80)

3.84 Ohms

Xs (Source Reactance) = Zs x SIN (Source Imp. Angle)

= 22.13 x SIN(80)

21.79 Ohms

Rl (Line Resistance) =0.8 x Line resistance per Km x Line length

= 0.8 x 0.04745 x 3.9

0.15 Ohms

Xl (Line Reactance) =0.8 x Line reactance per Km x Line length

= 0.8 x 0.31495 x 3.9

0.98 Ohms

R0 (Line Resistance) =0.8 x Line resistance per Km x Line length

= 0.8 x 0.34903 x 3.9

1.09 Ohms

X0 (Line Reactance) =0.8 x Line reactance per Km x Line length

= 0.8 x 1.4268 x 3.9

4.45 Ohms

Total Impedance = Zs + (Z1 + Z2 + Z0)/3

Total Resistance = 3.84 + (0.15 + 0.15 + 1.09) / 3

4.30 Ohms

6
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A

Total Reactance = 21.79 + (0.98 + 0.98 + 4.45) / 3

23.93 Ohms

Total Impedance = SQRT(Total resistance^2 + Total reactance^2)

= SQRT(4.3^2 + 23.93^2)

24.31 Ohms

E/F current at zone1 reach = Phase voltage / Total E/F Impedance

= (115 x 1000 / SQRT(3)) / 24.31

2731.19 A

Arc resistance (E/F) = 28710 d / I1.4 (Warrington's Formula)

= 28710 x 5 / 2731.19^1.4

2.22 Ohms

Arc resistance (setting) = Arc Resistance secondary x CTR / PTR

Secondary
= 2.22 x 400 / 1000
= 0.89 Ohms

Tower foot resistance (setting) = Towerfoot Resistance secondary x CTR / PTR

Secondary = 20 x 400 / 1000
= 8.00 Ohms

Arc resistance calculation (P/F)

Total Impedance = Zs1 + Zl

Zs (Source Impedance) = (115 x1000 / SQRT(3)) / 4000

16.60 Ohms

Rs (Source Resistance) = Zs x COS (Source Imp. Angle)

= 16.6 x COS(85)

1.45 Ohms

Xs (Source Reactance) = Zs x SIN (Source Imp. Angle)

= 16.6 x SIN(85)
16.54 Ohms

Total Impedance = Zs1 + Zl

7
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A
Total Resistance = 1.45 + 0.15
1.60 Ohms

Total Reactance = 16.54 + 0.98

17.52 Ohms

Total Impedance = SQRT(Total resistance^2 + Total reactance^2)

= SQRT(1.6^2 + 17.52^2)
17.59 Ohms

3ph. fault current at Z1 reach = Phase voltage / Phase Impedance

= (115 x 1000 / SQRT(3)) / 17.59
3774.60 A
Ph to Ph fault current = 0.866 x 3 phase fault current
= 0.866 x 3774.6
3268.80 A

Arc resistance = 28710 d / I1.4 (Warrington's Formula)

= 28710 x 5 / 3268.8^1.4
1.73 Ohms

Arc resistance (setting) = Arc Resistance secondary/ 2

Secondary
= 1.73 x 400 / 1000 / 2
0.35 Ohms

REL 561 Distance protection setting calculations

Line resistance (Primary) = +Ve Seq. Resistance/KM X Line length

0.185055
R1(Pri) = 0.1900 Ohms

Line resistance (secondary) = Primary resistance X CT Ratio/PT ratio

= 0.19 X 0.4

R1(Sec) = 0.0760 Ohms

Line reactance (Primary) = +ve seq. reactance/KM X Line length

1.228305
X1(Pri) = 1.2300 Ohms

Line reactance(secondary) = Primary reactance X CT Ratio/PT Ratio

= 1.23 X 0.4

X1(Sec) = 0.4920 Ohms

Zero Sequence Values

Line resistance (Primary) = Zero seq. resistance/KM X Line length
1.361217
R0(Pri) = 1.3612 Ohms

8
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A
Line resistance (secondary) = Primary resistance X CT Ratio/PT ratio

= 1.361217 X 0.4

R0(Sec) = 0.5445 Ohms

Line reactance (Primary) = Zero seq. reactance/KM X Line length

5.56452
X0(Pri) = 5.5600 Ohms

Line reactance(secondary) = Primary reactance X CT Ratio/PT Ratio

= 5.56 X 0.4

X0(Sec) = 2.2240 Ohms

Similarly
Zone-1 Reactance setting Forward Direction (Quad)
X1PP - Z1 = 80 % of pos. seq. Line Reactance

= 0.8 X 0.492
= 0.394 Ohms

X0PE -Z1 = 80 % of zero. seq. Line Reactance

= 0.8 X 2.224
= 1.779 Ohms
Zone-1 Resistance setting Forward Direction (Quad)
R1PP - Z1 = 80 % of pos. seq. Line Resistance

= 0.8 X 0.076
= 0.061 Ohms

RFPP-Z1 (Fault Resistance) 1.18 Ohms

Setting RFPP = 3 x X1PP

R0PE - Z1 = 80 % of Zero. seq. Line Resistance

= 0.8 X 0.5445
0.436 Ohms

9
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A

Zone -1 Fault Resistance (RFPE-Z1) = (Arc. Res. + Tower foot Res.)

= 8.89 Ohms

Zone-1 E/F total resistance (secondary) =(((R1+R1+R0)/3)+ Arc. Res. + Tower foot Res.)
= ( ( (0.19+0.19+1.361217)/3 ) + 2.22 + 20) x 400 / 1000
= 9.12 Ohms

Set Zone -1 Fault Resistance = 9.12016226666667 Ohm

RFPE-Z1 = 9.120 Ohms

Zone-2 Reactance setting (X1PP-Z2) 120 % of pos.seq.Line Impedance

Forward Direction (Quad)
= 0.492 x 1.2
X1PP-Z2 = 0.59 Ohms
Similary X0PE-Z2 = 2.67 Ohms

Zone-2 Resistance setting(R1PP-Z2) 120 % of pos. seq. Line Resistance

Forward Direction (Quad)
= 0.076 x 1.2
R1PP-Z2 = 0.09 Ohms
Similary R0PE-Z2 = 0.65 Ohms

Zone-2 P/F Res. (RFPP-Z2) =1.3 times of zone 1 RFPP-Z1

Forward Direction (Quad) = 1.54 Ohms
Zone-2 E/F Res. (RFPE-Z2) setting =1.3 times of zone 1 RFPE-Z1
= 11.86 Ohms

Zone-3 Non directional

Zone-3 Reactance setting (X1PP-Z3) 220 % of pos.seq.Line Impedance
Forward Direction (Quad)
= 0.492 x 2.2
X1PP-Z3 = 1.08 Ohms
Similarly X0PE-Z3 = 4.89 Ohms

Zone-3 Resistance setting (R1PP-Z3) 220 % of pos. seq. Line Resistance

Forward Direction (Quad)
= 0.076 x 2.2
R1PP-Z3 = 0.19 Ohms
Similarly R0PE-Z3 = 1.36 Ohms

Zone3 P/F res. (RFPP-Z3) = =1.2 times of zone 2 RFPP-Z2

Forward Direction (Quad) = 1.84 Ohms
Zone-3E/F Res. (RFPE-Z3) setting =1.2 times of zone 2 RFPE-Z2
= 14.23 Ohms

10
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A

Load Impedance

Load Impedance (Primary) =0.9 X Phase voltage

Phase Current
= 0.9 X 115 X 1000
SQRT(3) X 850
= 70.30 Ohms

Load Impedance (Secondary) = Primary Load Impedance X CT Ratio

PT ratio
= 70.3 X 400
1000
= 28.12 Ohms

Load Reactance (Secondary) = 28.12 x SIN(25)

= 11.88 Ohms

Load Resistance (Secondary) = 28.12 x COS(25)

= 25.49 Ohms

To avoid load encroachment,

RFPE ≤ 0.8. Zload. Cosd - 2. R1PE + R0PE . Sind

2. X1PE + X0PE

= 0.8 x 28.12 x ( cos (25) - [(2x0.04745+0.34903) x sin(25) /( 2x0.31495+1.4268)])

≤ 18.3362 Ohms

RFPP ≤ 1.6 x Zload. Cosd - R1PP . Sind

X1PP

= 1.6 x 28.12 x ( cos (25) - (0.04745x sin(25) /1.4268))

≤ 37.9119 Ohms

The maximum RFPE setting is 14.23 ohms which is less than 18.34ohms.
The maximum RFPP setting is 1.84 ohms which is less than 37.91ohms.

11
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV SUBSTATION EE-065767
115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ LINE, SET-1 Rev-A
Earth fault compensation setting:
1  Z 0 L - ZL 
Earth fault compensation =  
3 ZL 
= (SQRT(0.34903^2 + 1.4268^2)
Z0L / ZL =
(SQRT(0.04745^2 + 0.31495^2)

= 4.61

Z0L / ZL Angle = (ATAN (1.4268 / 0.34903))

(ATAN (0.31495 / 0.04745))

76.25
81.43

-5.18 Deg

= (4.61 Ang -5.18) - 1

{⟨
Z OL
ZL
- 1⟩
} = (2.81- j 0.471) - 1

= 1.81-j 0.471

1.87

1  Z0 L - ZL 
  = (1 / 3) x 1.87
3 ZL  0.62
ANGLE =
{ }
X0 -X L XL
L
arctan ⟨ ⟩ - arctan ⟨ ⟩
R0 L− RL RL

ANGLE =ATAN((1.4268-0.31495)/(0.34903-0.04745))-ATAN(0.31495/0.04745)
-0.1153345101
-6.61 DEG
Earth fault compensation 0.62 ANG - -6.61

Phase selection Zone Reactance setting

X1PP - PHS 1.2 Times of Zone3 setting
= 1.08 x 1.2
= 1.296 Ohms

Phase selection Zone P/F Resistance

RFPP-PHS = 2.592 Ohms

NOTE:
1. The phase selection logic RFPP setting shall be higher than (1.82xR1PP + 0.32xX1PP+0.91xRFPP)
2 ohms. Also it shall be less than 32 ohms (1.35 x RL min).
2. The phase selection logic RFPE setting shall be higher than (Earth loop resis. + RFPE)
14 Ohms

Phase selection Zone X0 setting

X0PE - PHS 1.2 Times of Zone3 setting
= 4.89 x 1.2
= 5.868 Ohms

Phase selection Zone E/Fresistance

RFPE - PHS = 17.076 Ohms

Line Differential protection -REL561

12
The fallowing settings based on relay manufacturer's recommedation for identical CTs
at both ends are proposed.
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

DISTANCE PROTECTION
System detail
Substation NOT USED
AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV
System voltage: 115 KV Permissible loading due to size
Rating (MVA) #REF! of cable termination is 72 MVA.
Please refer to attached data on
Max. Load current: #REF! page 2/2 from SEC.
Load Angle 25 Deg (Assumed)
Min. 3 phase Bus fault level 4000 A
3 phase fault angle 85.00 Deg
Min. 1 phase Bus fault level 3000 A
1 phase fault angle 80.00 Deg
Feeder: OVER HEAD LINE
Feeder length: 3.900 KMS
+ve seq. Resistance/KM: 0.04745 Ohms
+ve seq. Reactance/KM: 0.31495 Ohms
Zero seq. Resistance/KM: 0.34903 Ohms
Zero seq. Reactance/KM: 1.42680 Ohms
Mutual Resistance/KM: N/A
Mutual Reactance/KM: N/A
Arc resistance: TO BE CALCULATED
Tower-foot resistance 20 Ohms

Conductor to Gound Distance

5.0 Mtr

Conductor to Conductor Distance 5.0 Mtr

Zone-1 coverage: 80 % of Line length

Zone-2 coverage: 120 % of cable length
Zone-3 coverage: #REF!
Zone-4 coverage: #REF!
Power swing: 0 KV
CT Py. Current 2000 A
CT sec. Current 5A
PT sec. Voltage: 115 V
PT Ratio: 1000
CT Ratio: 400
Transformatio Ratio 0.4

Page 13
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

Next Line
Feeder: Over head line
Feeder length: 82.000 KMS
+ve seq. Resistance/KM: 0.0475 Ohms
+ve seq. Reactance/KM: 0.3150 Ohms
Zero seq. Resistance/KM: 0.3490 Ohms
Zero seq. Reactance/KM: 1.4268 Ohms

Next Line (Same line as above)

Feeder: Over head line
Feeder length: 82.000 KMS
+ve seq. Resistance/KM: 0.0475 Ohms
+ve seq. Reactance/KM: 0.3150 Ohms
Zero seq. Resistance/KM: 0.3490 Ohms
Zero seq. Reactance/KM: 1.4268 Ohms

Relay detail
Relay type: MiCOMho P443
Current Rating: 5A
AC Voltage Rating: 115 V
DC Voltage Rating: 125 V
Features: Quad/Mho
SOTF: Enabled
PERMISSIVE TRIP: Disabled
Weak End Feed: N/A
ECHO: 0 KV
TRIP: 3 Phase Trip
Internal Fuse Fail: 0 KV

Page 14
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

Arc resistance calculation (E/F)

Total Impedance = Zs +RF+ (Z1 + Z2 + Z0)/3

Zs (Source Impedance) = (115 x1000 / SQRT(3)) / 3000

22.13 Ohms

Rs (Source Resistance) = Zs x COS (Source Imp. Angle)

= 22.13 x COS(80)

3.84 Ohms

Xs (Source Reactance) = Zs x SIN (Source Imp. Angle)

= 22.13 x SIN(80)

21.79 Ohms
RF(Tower Foot resistance) = 20.00 Ohms

Rl (Line Resistance) =0.8 x Line length x Line resistance per Km

= 0.8 x 3.9 x 0.04745

0.15 Ohms

Xl (Line Reactance) =0.8 x Line length x Line reactance per Km

= 0.8 x 3.9 x 0.31495

0.98 Ohms

R0 (Line Resistance) =0.8 x Line length x Line resistance per Km

= 0.8 x 3.9 x 0.34903

1.09 Ohms

X0 (Line Reactance) =0.8 x Line length x Line reactance per Km

= 0.8 x 3.9 x 1.4268

4.45 Ohms

Total Impedance = Zs + RF+ (Z1 + Z2 + Z0)/3

Total Resistance = 3.84+20 + (0.15 + 0.15 + 1.09) / 3

24.30 Ohms

Total Reactance = 21.79 + (0.98 + 0.98 + 4.45) / 3

23.93 Ohms

Total Impedance = SQRT(Total resistance^2 + Total reactance^2)

Page 15
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

= SQRT(24.3^2 + 23.93^2)

34.10 Ohms

E/F current at zone1 reach = Phase voltage / Total E/F Impedance

= (115 x 1000 / SQRT(3)) / 34.1

1947.08 A

Arc resistance = 28707 d / I1.4 Warrington's Formula

= 28707 x 5 / 1947.08^1.4

3.56 Ohms

Arc resistance (setting) = Arc Resistance / (1 + K0)

= 3.56 / (1 + 1.2)
1.62 Ohms
Arc resistance (secondary) 1.62 x 300/2000
= 0.65 Ohms

Note: Arc resistance calculation is carried out considering one line

since this is the worst case compared to considering double circuit lines.

Arc resistance calculation (P/F)

Total Impedance = Zs1 + Zl

Zs (Source Impedance) = (115 x1000 / SQRT(3)) / 4000

16.60 Ohms

Rs (Source Resistance) = Zs x COS (Source Imp. Angle)

= 16.6 x COS(85)

1.45 Ohms

Xs (Source Reactance) = Zs x SIN (Source Imp. Angle)

= 16.6 x SIN(85)
16.54 Ohms

Total Impedance = Zs1 + Zl

Total Resistance = 1.45 + 0.15

1.60 Ohms

Total Reactance = 16.54 + 0.98

17.52 Ohms

Total Impedance = SQRT(Total resistance^2 + Total reactance^2)

= SQRT(1.6^2 + 17.52^2)

17.59 Ohms

3ph. fault current at Z1 reach = Phase voltage / Phase Impedance

Page 16
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

= (115 x 1000 / SQRT(3)) / 17.59

3774.60 A
PH to Ph fault current = 0.866 x 3 phase fault current
= 0.866 x 3774.6
3268.80 A

Arc resistance = 28707 d / I1.4

= 28707 x 5 / 3268.8^1.4

1.73 Ohms

Arc resistance (setting) = Arc Resistance secondary/ 2

Secondary
= 1.73 x 400 / 1000 / 2
0.35 Ohms

Setting Calculation
Positive Sequence Values
Line resistance (Primary) = +ve seq. resistance/KM X Line length
= 0.04745 X 3.9
R1(Pri) = 0.1851 Ohms

Line resistance(secondary) = Primary resistance X CT Ratio

PT ratio
= 0.185055 X 400
1000
R1(Sec) = 0.0740 Ohms

Line reactance (Primary) = +ve seq. reactance/KM X Line length

= 0.31495 X 3.9
X1(Pri) = 1.2283 Ohms

Line reactance(secondary) = Primary reactance X CT Ratio

PT ratio

= 1.228305 X 400
1000
X1(Sec) = 0.4913 Ohms

+ Seq. Line Impedance(Zl) = Sqrt(R1^2+X1^2)<atan (X1/R1)

|Z1| (prim = sqrt( 0.185055^2 + 1.228305^2 )
1.2422 Ohms
<Z1 = 81.4323 deg
say 80.00 deg
|Z1| (Sec) = 0.4969 Ohms

Zero Sequence Values

Line resistance (Primary) = 0 seq. resistance/KM X Line length
= 0.34903 X 3.9
R0(Pri) = 1.3612 Ohms

Line resistance(secondary) = Primary resistance X CT Ratio

Page 17
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

PT ratio
= 1.361217 X 400
1000
R0(Sec) = 0.5445 Ohms

Line reactance (Primary) = 0 seq. reactance/KM X Line length

= 1.4268 X 3.9
X0(Pri) = 5.5645 Ohms

Line reactance(secondary) = Primary reactance X CT Ratio

PT ratio

= 5.56452 X 400
1000
X0(Sec) = 2.2258 Ohms

'0' Seq. Line Impedance(Z0) = Sqrt(R0^2+X0^2)<atan (X0/R0)

|Z0| (prim = sqrt( 1.361217^2 + 5.56452^2 )
5.7286 Ohms
<Z0 = 76.2540 deg

|Z0| (Sec) = 2.2914 Ohms

Rmo(pri) = = '0' seq. mutual resistance/KM X Line length

#VALUE!
Rmo(sec) = #VALUE!
Xmo(pri) = = '0' seq. mutual reactance/KM X Line length
#VALUE!
Xmo(sec) = #VALUE!

Zone-1 Reactance setting (X1PP) 80 % of pos. seq. Line Reactance

Forward Direction
= 0.8 X 0.4913
0.393 Ohms

Zone-1P/F Resistance (R1PP) 80 % of pos. seq. Line Resistance

Forward Direction
= 0.8 X 0.074022
0.06 Ohms

RFPP-Z1 (Fault Resistance) 0.50 Ohms ###

Zone-1P/F Total Resis. 1.0 Ohms (To cover line resistance & Arc resistance)
Forward Direction

Note: Resistance setting 1.0 ohms will cover Arc resistance Value 0.23 Ohms & Line zone1 resistance.

Zone-1 Impedance = Sqrt(R1PP^2+X1PP^2)<atan (X1PP/R1PP)

|Z1| -Zone1 = 0.3975 Ohms

Conductor resistance = 0.04745 x 3.9 x 0.8

0.15 Ohms

Page 18
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

Tower foot resistance setting = Tower foot reistance / (1 +K0)
= 20 / (1 + 1.2)
9.10 Ohms

Zone -1 Fault Res'ce (RFPE-Z1) =(Arc. Res. + Tower foot Res.)

= (9.1 + 1.62) x 400 / 1000
4.29 Ohms
Zone-1E/F total resistance = (0.15 + 9.1 + 1.62) x 400 / 1000
4.35 Ohms

Zone-2 Reactance setting (X1PP-Z2) 120 % of pos.seq cable Reactance

Forward Direction
= 0.4913 + 0.25 x 0.31495 x 82 x 400 / 1000
3.07 Ohms

Zone-2 P/F Resistance (R1PP-Z2) 120 % of pos. seq. Line Resistance

Forward Direction
= 0.074022 + 0.25 x 0.04745 x 82 x 400 / 1000
0.46 Ohms

Zone-2 Impedance = Sqrt(RPP-Z2^2+X1PP-Z2^2)<atan (X1PP-Z2/R1PP-Z2)

|Z1| -Zone2 = 3.1086 Ohms

Zone-2 P/F total Res. (RFPP-Z2) 1.25 Ohms (1.25 times of zone 1 RFPP-Z1)
Forward Direction

Zone-2 E/F toal Res. (RFPE-Z2) 4.78 (1.1 times of zone 1 RFPE-Z1)

Zone-3 Reactance setting (X1PP-Z3) #REF!

Forward Direction
= 0.4913 + 1.25 x 82 x 0.31495 x 400 / 1000
X1PP-Z3 13.40 Ohms

Zone-3 P/F Resistance (R1PP-Z3) #REF!

Forward Direction
= 0.074022 + 1.25 x 82 x 0.04745 x 400 / 1000
2.02 Ohms

Zone-3 Impedance = Sqrt(RPP-Z3^2+X1PP-Z3^2)<atan (X1PP-Z3/R1PP-Z3)

|Z1| -Zone3 = 13.5514 Ohms

Similarly R0PE-Z3 = 14.85 Ohms

Zone3 P/F total res. (RFPP-Z3) = 1.56 Ohms (1.1 times of zone 2 RFPE)
Forward Direction

Zone-3E/F Res. (RFPE-Z3) setting 5.26 Ohms (1.1 times of zone 2 RFPE)

Page 19
DOCUMENT: RELAY SETTING CALCULATION DOC NO: KE - 597315
STATION: 132kV Markaz Zallum Substation Rev. No. : A

RELAY SETTING FOR 7SA522

Zone-4 Reactance setting(X1PP-Z4) #REF!
Reverse Direction
= 0.25 x 0.39304
0.100 Ohms

Zone-4 P/F Resistance (R1PP-Z4) #REF!

reverse Direction
= 0.25 x 0.0592176
0.01 Ohms

Zone-4 Impedance = Sqrt(RPP-Z4^2+X1PP-Z4^2)<atan (X1PP-Z4/R1PP-Z4)

|Z1| -Zone3 = 0.1011 Ohms

Zone-4 P/F total Res. = 300% Zone-4 Reactance

Reverse Direction
= 3 X 0.1
0.30 (To cover Arc resistance)

Zone-4E/F Res. setting 0.30 Ohms (3 times of zone 4 reactance)

Load Impedance

Load Impedance (Primary) =0.9 X Phase voltage

Phase Current
= 0.9 X 115 X 1000
#REF!
#REF!

Load Impedance (Secondary) = Primary Load Impedance X CT Ratio

PT ratio
#REF!
1000
#REF!

Load Reactance (Secondary) #REF!

#REF!

Load Resistance (Secondary) #REF!

#REF!

Earth fault compensation setting:

Earth fault compensation =

1  Z 0 L - ZL 
 
3 ZL 
Z0L / ZL = (SQRT(0.34903^2 + 1.4268^2)
(SQRT(0.04745^2 + 0.31495^2)

4.61

Z0L / ZL Angle = (ATAN (1.4268 / 0.34903))

(ATAN (0.31495 / 0.04745))

76.25
81.43

-5.18 Deg

= (4.61 Ang -5.18) - 1

{⟨
Z OL
ZL
- 1⟩
} = (4.59 + j -0.27) - 1

= 3.59 + j -0.27

3.6 Page 20

1  Z 0 L - ZL  = (1 / 3) x 3.6
 
System details
Substation AL-QADISIYYAH 115/13.8KV
Line 115KV NORTH MUBARRAZ
System voltage: 115 KV
Max. Load current: 850 A
Load Angle 25 Deg
3 phase Bus fault level 4000 A
3 phase fault angle 85.00 Deg
1 phase Bus fault level 3000 A
1 phase fault angle 80.00 Deg
Feeder: OVER HEAD LINE
Feeder length: 3.900 Km
+ve seq. Resistance/Km: 0.0475 Ohms
+ve seq. Reactance/Km: 0.3150 Ohms
Line angle 81.00 deg
Zero seq. Resistance/Km: 0.3490 Ohms
Zero seq. Reactance/Km: 1.4268 Ohms
Mutual Resistance/Km: N/A
Mutual Reactance/Km: N/A
ARC resitance: TO BE CALCULATED
Tower-foot resistance 20 Ohms
Conductor to Ground Distance 5.0 Mtr
Conductor to Conductor
Distance 5.0 Mtr
Zone-1 coverage: 80 % of the Protected line
Zone-2 coverage: 120 % of the Protected line
Zone-3 coverage: 220 % of the Protected line
Zone-4 coverage: N/A
Power swing: N/A
Cable portion
Feeder length:
+ve seq. Resistance/KM:
+ve seq. Reactance/KM:
Zero seq. Resistance/KM:
Zero seq. Reactance/KM:
Longest line at remote end
Feeder length:
+ve seq. Resistance/KM:
+ve seq. Reactance/KM:
Zero seq. Resistance/KM:
Zero seq. Reactance/KM:
Longest line at remote end
Feeder length:
+ve seq. Resistance/KM:
+ve seq. Reactance/KM:
Zero seq. Resistance/KM:
Zero seq. Reactance/KM:
Tr Rating at other end
Tr % impedance:
Tr. X/R Ratio
Infeed at remote:
Power swing:

Page 2 of 22
Circuit Breaker:
CT core:
CT py. Current 2000 A
CT sec. Current 5A
CT Ratio 400
PT sec. Voltage: 115 V
PT Ratio 1000

Relay detail SET -1

Relay type: REL561 (Set -1 )
Line Diff. relay with backup F5 Zones, 3ph. & 1ph.
tripping, PSB, SOTF, TS, FL, Communication Assisted
DEF, Mutual Compensation.
Version
Current Rating: 5A
AC Voltage Rating: 115 V
DC Voltage Rating: 125 V
Relay Characterstic: QUAD characteristic
NO. of Inputs:
NO. of Outputs:
SOTF: Enabled
PERMISSIVE TRIP: Disabled
Weak End Feed & Echo N/A

TRIP: 3 Phase Trip

Relay detail SET - 2

Relay type: REL561 (Set -1 ) - 1MRK 002 496-AE
Line differential protection relay with distance protection
3 Zones, 3 & 1 ph. tripping, FFR, PSB, SOTF, WEI &
Echo, FL, Communication Assisted DEF, Mutual
Compensation
Version
Current Rating: 1A
AC Voltage Rating: 115 V
DC Voltage Rating: 125 V
Relay Characterstic: Quad/Mho
NO. of Inputs:
NO. of Outputs:
SOTF: Enabled
PERMISSIVE TRIP:
Weak End Feed & Echo

Page 3 of 22
TRIP: 3 Phase Trip

Page 4 of 22
Column1

Page 5 of 22
Enabled
Disabled
Considered
Not considered

1
5
100

110
115
Quad
Mho
Quad/Mho
Over Reach (POTT)
Under reach (PUTT)
Disabled
3 phase Trip
1 phase Trip
Echo & Trip
Echo only
Off
N/A

Page 6 of 22