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Thesis Report
On
ORPHANAGE SCHOOL
AT MOHALI
SESSION 2016-17
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION:
1.1 ORPHANAGE SCHOOL
An orphanage school is a residential institution dedicated to the education of children whose
families cannot afford to have them educated and also devoted to the care of orphans children
whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to care for them.
Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for
supporting children, but in the absence of these, named godparent, or other relatives willing
to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of
providing for their care, housing and education
1.1b CAUSES:
a. Children’s whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to care
for them.
b. Death of parents of a child.
Poverty Lack of
Education
Child Labour
17.8 million Children worldwide have lost both parents (“double orphan”).
153 million children worldwide have lost either one parent (“single orphan”) or both parents.
Orphans
It is estimated that 140 million children worldwide are orphans. (UNICEF).
Child Labour
Worldwide, there are 168 million who are child labourers, accounting for almost 11
percent of children (ILO).
Education
124 million children and adolescents are out of school (UNESCO).
As of the start of 2014, 1 in 11 children of primary-school age is out of school,
totaling 59 million children (UNICEF).
More of this …
(Source-www.snehaorphanage.org)
1.4 AIM:
The aim focuses on providing education and shelter to the orphan children’s, enabling them to realize
their potential and be self-reliant and to help the orphan children without distinction of caste, colour
and creed, to become independent and useful citizens of the country. To empowered and well-informed
orphans population of our country, thus enabling them to lead a life of dignity and productivity .the
vision of behind this project is that orphan children’s have equal opportunities leading to improved
quality of life and fully participate in a society that respects their rights and dignity.
1.5 OBJECTIVE:
• Equal access to quality education and lifelong learning enable disabled people to participate
fully
• To promote affordable, accessible and quality social services and support through
consolidated social and inclusion provisions
• Accessibility to the built infrastructure, transport, services and information and
communication technologies.
• Preparing students for further employment and independent living.
• To design a school that relates with the human behavior, interactions with the spaces, recreational
and according to the environment in which these special children can get education which will lead
them to a brighter future.
• Common features to be considered:
Efficient use of precious space
Careful attention to natural environment
Comfortable accommodation to the orphan children.
1.7 METHODOLOGY:
Site study is done to understand the potential of the land for the favourable construction of the
project. The recognised potentials are then further coordinated with the design criteria of the
building so that the elements of the building should remain in harmony with the design.
Study of the site provides the basic guidelines for the positive development of the project. There
are numerous points which should must be taken in care while doing study they are namely:
identification of resources, potentials, problems, site observation, natural factors, climatology
etc.
Site conditions are the one which deals with the solutions and designing on the site, therefore
site analysis is very important for the designing of any built mass. site analysis is the process
of understanding the site conditions ,factors, challenges and characteristics of a site.
Site study also emphasises on the study of natural and manmade factors for example-water
body, vegetation, climatic conditions etc.
Location
Access.
Orientation.
Topography.
Vegetation/surroundings.
Constraints.
MOHALI
Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (SAS Nagar), commonly known as Mohali, is a city which is a
commercial hub lying adjacent to the city of Chandigarh in Punjab, India. Sahibzada Ajit
Singh Nagar, along with Chandigarh and Panchkula, forms a part of the Chandigarh Tricity.
It was earlier a part of the Rupnagar District, and was carved out a separate district in 2006.
Coordinates 30.78°N 76.69°E
Country -India
Territory-Chandigarh tricity
District(s) –S.A.S Nagar (Mohali).
Nearest city -Chandigarh
Parliamentary constituency- Patiala , Anadpur sahib
Assembly constituency –S.A.S Nagar
Civic agency- PUDA and GMADA
Population -9,94,628
Sex ratio-879
Time zone- IST (UTC+5:30)
Area(km2) -1188
Land use-land use type is mixed land use.
Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (SAS Nagar), commonly known as Mohali, is a city which is a
commercial hub lying adjacent to the city of Chandigarh in Punjab, India.it is the
administrative headquarters of Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar District. It is also one of the six
Municipal Corporations of the State. It was officially named after Sahibzada Ajit Singh, the
eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh as SAS Nagar ("City of Sahibzada Ajit Singh"). It is still
known and popular, as Mohali among local people and other parts of India.
Mohali:
Mohali has emerged as one of the most important cities in Punjab and the rest of northern
India; it is developing rapidly as an IT Hub of the state. Special emphasis has been made by
the state government to make this city the best place to live in the Punjab. The city also has
many international sporting venues consisting of a magnificent cricket stadium, hockey
stadium, indoor stadiums and a newly built golf course..
Early history
The city has a prehistoric past. Due to the presence of the lake, the area has fossil remains
with imprints of a large variety of aquatic plants and animals, and amphibian life, which were
supported by that environment. Asit was a part of the Punjab region, it had many rivers
nearby where the ancient and primitive settlement by humans began. Some 8,000 years ago,
the area was also known to be a home to the Hardpans.
Medieval history
Mohali is name of village which means settlement. The village was a part of Sikh Empire.
The village Lambian located in city, was visited by Guru Har Rai, 7th Guru of Sikhs.
historical battle also took place between British and 500 Sikhs under the command of Akali
Hanuman Singh, where Akali attained martyrdom.
Modern history
After the partition of India in 1947, the former British province of Punjab was also split
between (mostly Hindu) east Punjab in India and (mostly Muslim) west Punjab in Pakistan.
The Indian Punjab required a new capital city to replace Lahore, which became part of
Pakistan during partition. Consequently, the government carved out Chandigarh of nearly 50
Pwadhi speaking villages of the then state of East Punjab, India.
Mohali was conceived after the trifurcation of Punjab and its capital Chandigarh becoming a
Union Territory in the late 1960s. In 1967, area around Mohali Village was initially
developed as an industrial estate; Which was expanded with residential area to meet housing
demands. The township plan for Mohali was put forward by All India Congress Committee
during annual session held in 1975 at Mohali. Then, it was renamed Sahibzada Ajit Singh
Nagar.
Road-The main bus stand of city is located in ISBT sector 17 and sector -43where many
private bus operators provide services within different cities of the state.
ACCESS:
PROPOSED
SITE
The site is accessible from one sides, front road of about 30 m wide and proposed land for
institution and group housing on other three sides.
EARTHQUAKE ZONE:
DISCOMFORT FACTORS:
Excessive heat
Very humid
Very cold
TOPOGRAPHY:
The site lies in the sector 82 alpha of development plan
Of Mohali
CONTOURS:
Site is flat no contours on the site.
SUB STATION
NATURE OF NEAR BY BUILDINGS: Source-shelf clicked
VEGETATION:
The vegetation on the site comprises of bushes and shrubs
SOIL TYPE:
Fertile alluvial silt soil.
SEA LEVEL:
The site is 316 m (1,037 ft.) above sea level.
SERVICES:
DRAINAGE
Drainage system on the site is constructed.
Main drainage is passing near by the site.
ELECTRICITY
High tension electric wire is passing throughout the boundary HIGH TENSION LINE
of the site. Source-shelf clicked
Main transformer is 450 m away.
LANDMAKRK:
Population-9,94,628
Total area of sector-1700 acres
Area (sec-66 beta)-154.83 acres.
Area (sec-82 alpha)-110 acres.
Area (sec-83 alpha)-114 acres.
Planned sectors- 4
ENTRY
ROAD
Source-shelf clicked
STATE-PUNJAB
A A’
PROPOSED
SITE
PROPOSED SITE
SHRUBS
EARTH
2.12 BY LAWS:
PARKING NORMS:
2 ECS in plot of size 250-300 sqm.
1 ECS for every 100sqm built up area, in plots exceeding 300 sqm.
GROUND COVERAGE:
100 % ground coverage and 350 far shall be eligible for regularization of
construction already existing in respect of plot size between 100 to 175 sqm.
HEIGHT RESTRICTION:
Proposed site in sector 82 alpha, Mohali is nearby the airport – airocity road, so the height of
the buildings are restricted to 15 M.
BUILDING BLOCKS AWAY FROM THE SITE AIROCITY ROAD ADJACENT TO THE SITE
Source-shelf clicked Source- shelf clicked
PROPOSED SITE
Source- satellite view PROPOSED
SITE
RAINFALL
average annual rainfall is recorded at 280 millimeters
MaxMonsoon Rainfall i.e. during July-September lies between
300-450mm
Mean Summer Rainfall i.e. during April to June lies between 60-90mm.
Mean Winter Rainfall i.e. during October to March lies between ANNUAL RAINFALL CHART
50-100mm Source- http/m.in.weather.com
Annual Rate of increase in monsoon rainfall is 6.1mm
PRECIPITATION
SKY CONDITIONS
SOLAR RADIATION
ENTRY
SITE PLAN
SUN
SUN
SUN
SUN PATH
2.20 INFERENCES:
Minimize heat gain during daytime and maximize heat loss at night in hot seasons,
and reverse in cold seasons.
Optimize the building structure (especially regarding thermal storage and time lag).
MERITS:
Long lasting summers add positive impact to the kind of construction done in the area.
DEMERITS:
The climate of the place is very hot in summer and very cold in winter creating a
chllenge for the appropriate designing.
Selection of material construction is major to face the adverse effect of the climate.
Physical features of the site has to used wisely or it will create negative effect.