SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
is done consecutively.
2 TYPES OF SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
- Involves the selection of elements
from the population using random in which
each element of the population has an equal
and independent chance of being chosen.
NON - PROBABILITY SAMPLING
- Involves the selection of element from
a population using non-random procedures.
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
1. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
- This type of sampling is one in
which everyone in the population of
the inquiry has an equal chance of
being selected to be included in the
sample.
- This is also called the lottery or
raffle type of sampling.
2. STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING
- Type of probability sampling which
selects members of the sample
proportionally from each
subpopulation or stratum.
3. SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
- In this type, the individuals in
population are arranged in a
methodical manner, that is,
alphabetical, chronological (age,
experience, or academic rank), or
the nth name is selected as sample.
4. MULTISTAGE SAMPLING
- This type of scientific sampling
design is done in several stages. It
can be two-stage, three-stage, four-
stage, five-stage and so on
depending on the number sampling
to be used. In this type, the
population individuals are arrange
in hierarchy of units, and sampling
5. CLUSTER STAGE
- In this type of sampling design, the
population is grouped into clusters
or small units.
- Samples are selected in groups
rather than individuals which is
employed into large-scale survey.
NON – PROBABILITY SAMPLING
1. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
- This type of non-scientific sampling
design is biased on selecting the
individuals as samples according to
the purposes of the researcher as
his controls. An individual is chosen
as part of a sample due to good
evidence that he is a representative
of the total population.
2. ACCIDENTAL SAMPLING
- This type of sampling design is
“applied to those samples which
are taken because they are the
most available” (Guilford and
Frutcher 1973). The researcher
simply takes the nearest individuals
as subject of the study until the
sample reaches the desired size.
3. QUOTA SAMPLING
- This type of design is popular in the
field of opinion research because it
is done by merely looking for
individuals with the requisite
characteristics. The sampling
technique is usually prepared by
the main office with instructions to
field researchers to gather data
from samples that meet the
prescribed criteria or
characteristics.