PREFACE

First at all, give thanks for God’s love and grace for us.

Thanks to God for helping me and give me chance to finish this assignment on time. And I
would like to say thank you to Mr. Burhanuddin, S.S.,M.Pd as the lecturer that always teaches us
and give much knowledge about Tourism and how to speak English well.

I realized this assignment is not perfect. But I hope it can be useful for us. Critics and suggestion
is needed here to make this assignment be better.

Hopefully we as a student in “Foreign Language Academy” can work more professional by using
English as the second language whatever we done. Thank you.

Makassar, July 2018

Author
 INTRODUCTION

Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world, range from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in
Papua, which is made up of thousands of large and small islands, which are connected by the
strait and sea. According to data from the Ministry of Interior of the Republic Indonesia in 2010
was as much as 17,504 islands. 7,870 of them have names, while 9,634 do not have a name.

The total area of the Indonesian ocean broader than its land, Indonesia's land area of 1.91
million km2, while the area of oceans is 6.279 million km2. With such widespread Indonesia
kept many natural resources on land and under the sea is beautiful. No wonder if Indonesia has
many wonderful spots especially in the sector of the beach. Due to the geographical position of
Indonesia itself that is located in parts of the equator. Among the many beaches, there are several
beaches in Indonesia are categorized as the most beautiful beaches in the world. Among other
Senggigi Beach in Lombok, Kuta Beach in Bali, Bunaken Beach in Manado, and many other
beautiful beaches.

Indonesia has very beautiful natural wealth. Because of its natural beauty that Indonesia
has become a tourist destination that is much coveted by both local and international travelers
from around the world. Panorama in Indonesia is certainly not inferior to other countries. For it
would not hurt if we went on holiday to enjoy a variety of natural beauty that exist in Indonesia
and make it as a tourist destination.

Not only that, Indonesia is also rich in culture, various tribes living in Indonesia with
harmony and peace, each tribe has its own characteristics that make cultural diversity in
Indonesia, besides Indonesia also has a distinctive culinary in each territory.

Indonesia is the country that has extraordinary natural wealth. In fact, all the world is well-
known attractions here. Indonesia has hundreds of National Parks that must to visit. One of them
is the Komodo National Park is the sole habitat of Komodo in the world. In addition, there is also
a favorite of international climbers is Carstensz Pyramid where this mountain was shrouded in
eternal snow. Indeed, the wealth of natural attractions Indonesia countless. To prove it, please
visit Indonesia as recommended tourist destination by presenting the most complete natural
wealth on earth.

Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of the Indonesian economy as well as a

significant source of its foreign exchange revenues. According to the World Travel and Tourism
Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Indonesia's GDP in 2014 was IDR
325,467 billion (US$26,162 million) constituting 3.2% of the total GDP. By 2019, the
Indonesian government wants to have doubled this figure to 8 percent of GDP and the number of
visitors needs to double to about 20 million. The tourism sector ranked as the 4th largest among
goods and services export sectors.

During 2016 about 12.02 million foreign tourists visited Indonesia, which was 15.5%
higher than that of 2015. In year 2015, 9.73 million international visitors entered Indonesia,
staying in hotels for an average of 7.5 nights and spending an average of US$1,142 per person
during their visit, or US$152.22 per person per day. Singapore, Malaysia, China, Australia, and
Japan are the top five sources of visitors to Indonesia.

The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017 ranks Indonesia 42nd out of 136
countries overall with Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index score of 4.2. The 2015 report
ranks the price competitiveness of Indonesia's tourism sector the 3rd out of 141 countries. It
mentions that Indonesia has quite good travel and tourism policy and enabling conditions
(ranked 9th). The country also scores quite good on natural and cultural resources (ranked 17th).
However, the country scored rather low in infrastructure sub-index (ranked 75th), as some aspect
of tourist service infrastructure are underdeveloped.

In 2016, the government was reported to be investing more in tourism development by

attracting more foreign investors. The government has given priority to 10 destinations as
follows: Borobudur, Central Java; Mandalika, West Nusa Tenggara; Labuan Bajo, East Nusa
Tenggara; Bromo-Tengger-Semeru, East Java; Thousand Islands, Jakarta; Toba, North Sumatra;
Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi; Tanjung Lesung, Banten; Morotai, North Maluku; and Tanjung
Kelayang, Belitung. As quoted in The Jakarta Post, the government is aiming for 275 million
trips by domestic tourists by end of 2019. The government has also secured commitments from
potential investors, totalling US$70 million in the areas of building accommodation, marina and
ecotourism facilities in 3 of the 10 areas.
 DISCUSSION

Both nature and culture are major components of Indonesian tourism. The natural heritage
can boast a unique combination of a tropical climate, a vast archipelago of 17,508 islands, 6,000
of them being inhabited, the second longest shoreline in the world (54,716 km) after Canada. It is
the worlds largest and most populous country situated only on islands. The beaches in Bali,
diving sites in Bunaken, Mount Bromo in East Java, Lake Toba and various national parks in
Sumatra are just a few examples of popular scenic destinations. These natural attractions are
complemented by a rich cultural heritage that reflects Indonesia's dynamic history and ethnic
diversity. One fact that exemplifies this richness is that 719 living languages are used across the
archipelago. The ancient Prambanan and Borobudur temples, Toraja, Yogyakarta, Minangkabau,
and of course Bali, with its many Hindu festivities, are some of the popular destinations for
cultural tourism.

Tourism in Indonesia is currently overseen by the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism.

International tourism campaigns have been focusing largely on its tropical destinations with
white sand beaches, blue sky, and cultural attractions. Beach resorts and hotels have been
developed in some popular tourist destinations, especially Bali island as the primary destination.
At the same time, the integration of cultural affairs and tourism under the scope of the same
ministry shows that cultural tourism is considered an integral part of Indonesia's tourism
industry, and conversely, that tourism is used to promote and preserve the cultural heritage.

Some of the challenges Indonesia's tourism industry has to face include the development of
infrastructure to support tourism across the sprawling archipelago, incursions of the industry into
local traditions (adat), and the impact of tourism development on the life of local people. The
tourism industry in Indonesia has also faced setbacks due to problems related to security. Since
2002, warnings have been issued by some countries over terrorist threats and ethnic as well as
religious conflicts in some areas, significantly reducing the number of foreign visitors for a few
years. However, the number of international tourists has bounced back positively since 2007, and
reached a new record in 2008 and kept rising since then.

In 2017, based on World Economic Forum survey, Indonesia got a Travel and Tourism
Competitiveness Index score of 4.2, ranking at the 42nd (up from 50th in 2015, 70th in 2013,
74th in 2011 and 81st in 2009) of 136 countries. Aspects that need to be improved to move up
the rank ladder are; tourism and ICT infrastructures, health and hygiene, environmental
sustainability, and affinity for travel and tourism.

Indonesia’s most popular Tourism

The Indonesian archipelago is a collection of islands that holds untold treasures in its
diversity of cultures, landscapes, and cities. With nearly 13,500 islands under its jurisdiction,
Indonesia offers an adventure for everyone, from exploring ancient temples and hiking active
volcanoes to diving in largely untouched waters. You can wander the busy streets of Jakarta, or
take a step back in time with a visit to the remote villages of Tana Toraja; indulge in the bliss of
Bali, or come face to face with the volatile Anak Krakatau. Whatever you choose, the experience
is sure to be one filled with awe and appreciation for a country as steeped in history and natural
beauty as this one:

1. Beaches in Bali

For many people, Bali is beaches. Arguably Indonesia's most popular vacation spot,
Bali has a number of cultural landmarks and traditions that make a visit here worthwhile.
But anyone who travels to Bali is going to have warm sand and blue water on their mind,
and the island doesn't disappoint. Kuta is the best known beach, and is great for those
who like to combine sun, surfing, and socializing. Because of its popularity, you'll find no
shortage of restaurants and activities here. If you're looking for something a little quieter
and less crowded, Nusa Dua is still a beauty, but draws fewer tourists. Sanur is the place
to go for a little more culture as well as great water sports.

2. Borobudur

This ancient temple is one of the most famous and culturally significant landmarks in
Indonesia. Borobudur was built in the 8th century and constructed in the shape of a
traditional Buddhist mandala. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site, and is considered one
of the greatest Buddhist sites in the world. The massive temple was forgotten for
 centuries, when it is believed that much of the population moved to eastern Java due to
volcanic eruptions. But it was rediscovered in the 1800s and, today, is one of the main
draws in Java. Visit at sunrise for a torch-light climb up the temple and for the
breathtaking experience of watching as the complex is bathed in sunlight. Borobudur lies
near Yogyakarta, an old Javanese city known for its rich cultural and historical
offerings.

3. Orangutans of Borneo

No trip to Indonesia would be complete without seeing some orangutans, and Borneo
is a great place to visit these beautiful and endangered creatures. Though orangutans still
live in the wild, several sanctuaries rescue and protect orangutans as land development
infringes on their natural habitat. Tanjung Puting National Park in Kalimantan,
Borneo, is home to the largest orangutan population in the world, as well as other
primates, birds, and reptiles. If you don't make it to Borneo, you can also see orangutans
at the Bohorok Orangutan Centre in Bukit Lawang, a tourism village in the Sumatran
jungle.

4. Gili Islands

The Gili Islands are a major draw in Lombok, which has risen in popularity among
backpackers and tourists in recent years. These picturesque islands offer beaches that
rival those of Bali in their beauty, as well as opportunities for diving and even snorkeling
at a turtle sanctuary. If you're looking for more turtle action, you can check out a turtle
hatchery where hundreds of these creatures are born each year. Kayaking is also popular
in the Gilis, and if you're seeking a place to reconnect with your mind and body, you will
find several options for yoga classes. The Gili Islands provide a more relaxed, though still
stimulating, alternative to popular Bali.
5. Komodo National Park

Who hasn't dreamed of seeing a dragon at least once in their life? The komodos of
Indonesia are no mythical creatures, however they are fierce and deadly animals.
Komodo National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site, encompasses five main islands
and a number of smaller ones, as well as the surrounding marine areas. The waters off
these islands are some of the richest and most diverse in the world. The komodo dragons
are the stars of the show on any visit to the park, but visitors can also hike, snorkel, go
canoeing, or visit small villages on the islands. Visitors must arrive by boat, and there is
an entrance fee plus additional costs for transportation, guide services, and other
activities.

6. Sacred Monkey Forest, in Ubud

Ubud is the cultural heart of Bali, and it's here you'll find the Sacred Monkey Forest,
a serene space where you can feel the ancient majesty of the island. At this Hindu temple,
you'll see many long-tailed macaques, a species of monkey commonly seen throughout
Southeast Asia. The temple also makes an interesting visit because Balinese Hinduism
combines aspects of several different religions, making it unique among other types of
Hinduism practiced today. The forest is near Padangtegal, a small village that has drawn
 artists of all varieties for many years, and the temple, artistry, and stunning natural
backdrop make a trip to the forest and village a must-do in Bali.

7. Mount Bromo

Indonesia sits on the Ring of Fire, an area with some of the most active volcanoes in
the world. Many of the country's volcanoes, such as Mount Merapi, are famous for their
violent eruptions and their stunning, but dangerous beauty. Mount Bromo is among the
best known, thanks largely to its incredible views, particularly when seen standing over
the caldera at sunrise. Bromo's peak was blown off in an eruption, and you can still see
white smoke spewing from the mountain. The volcano is part of Bromo Tengger
Semeru National Park, which also includes Mount Semeru, the highest peak in Java.
The park is home to the Tengger people, an isolated ethnic group who trace their ancestry
back to the ancient Majapahit empire.
8. Tana Toraja

A visit to Tana Toraja in South Sulawesi Province will not only feel like you've
stepped far back in time, but also offers a look at the richness and diversity of Indonesia's
long-standing cultures. The architectural style of Tongkonan, boat-shaped houses and
other buildings, are immediate standouts, but the people are what make this piece of
natural paradise so special. They are, by many accounts, the friendliest and most
welcoming people you could hope to meet while traveling. The Toraja approach to death
is one of reverence and celebration. Funerals are elaborate ceremonies involving plenty of
food and traditional dance, and the dead are buried in graves built into surrounding caves.
Travelers to the area can visit villages and connect with locals, or trek in the notoriously
lush and pristine countryside.

9. Lake Toba

Another of Indonesia's natural wonders, Lake Toba is both a body of water and super
volcano. The lake, which sits in a crater, was formed between 69,000 and 77,000 years
ago and is believed to have been the result of a catastrophic eruption. The lake is 1,145
square kilometers and 450 meters deep. Volcanic activity is still regularly recorded here
and has pushed some islands above the water's surface. Lake Toba is a study in beauty
 and the powerful forces at work on the planet. Here, you can go swimming, water skiing,
canoeing, or fishing, or stick to wandering the surrounding area on foot or bike.

10. Mount Krakatau

Surely, the eruption of Indonesia's most famous volcano, Krakatau, in 1883 was the
largest in recorded history. The eruption severely impacted climate conditions around the
world and took a devastating toll on human life on nearby Java and Sumatra. Anak
Krakatau, "Child of Krakatau," is the youngest of the islands formed by the 1883
eruption, and forced itself above the surface in 1930. This young and volatile volcano
continues to rise higher out of the sea and have significant eruptions. Anak Krakatau still
belches smoke and fire, and tourists can visit Krakatau's child for a reminder of the
awesome, unseen power just beneath the surface at every turn in Indonesia.

11. Mount Rinjani

Another of Indonesia's famed volcanoes, Gunung Rinjani is a top attraction on

Lombok. Rinjani itself does not see the eruptions and activity that some of the others
have, but its caldera-forming eruption in the late 13th century is believed to have been
one of the most powerful in human history. A lake sits in Rinjani's caldera, and within the
 lake sits Mt. Baru, another active volcano. In Rinjani National Park, you may spot
animals such as the rare black Ebony leaf monkey, long-tailed macaques, the sulfur-
crested cockatoo, and other exotic species. Guided treks are available, and you can camp
overnight in the park. The park does caution that treks are strenuous, so if you plan to
hike the mountain, you should be in good physical health and be prepared with the
appropriate equipment.

12. Pura Tanah Lot

This is one of Bali's most popular temples, built on a rock formation in the sea. The
original formation began to deteriorate at one point, so a portion of the rock is now
artificial. Still, Pura Tanah Lot draws people in droves, particularly in time to catch the
sunset. This temple compound is found on the southern coast of Beraban village, and you
can walk out to the temple at low tide. Once the sun goes down, browse the stalls at
Tanah Lot market to purchase unique Balinese souvenirs.

13. Banda Islands

Bali and Lombok are tried and true vacation spots for a reason, but the lesser-known
Banda Islands have their own appeal as an off-the-beaten path getaway. This cluster of 10
 islands sits at the edge of the Banda Sea, whose depths reach more than 6,500 meters.
The Bandas have long been on the radar of those involved in the spice trade, thanks to
their rich source of nutmeg. Called "Eastern Indonesia's best kept secret," the Bandas
hold untold thrills for divers and sailors in particular. Pristine dive sites offer a chance to
spot sharks, sea turtles, whales, the endemic Ambon scorpionfish, lobsters, and a plethora
of other creatures. You can book accommodations and tours yourself, or opt for a live-
aboard boat, which includes stops at many great dive sites around the islands.

14. Jatiluwih Rice Fields, Bali

The beaches may be the first thing that comes to mind when you think of Bali, but
the verdant rice fields are a close second. So lush and life-giving are the terraces of the
Jatiluwih Rice Fields that they were designated a UNESCO Cultural Landscape as part of
Bali's Subak System. The meticulously cultivated and irrigated fields are a testament to
the wealth of natural resources in Bali, as well as the carefully honed skills of the local
farmers. No visit to Bali is complete without seeing these rich acres.

15. Baliem Valley

 The Baliem Valley in the highlands of Western New Guinea offers a glimpse into
what was recently a stone-age world. The valley was not known to the outside world until
1938 when an aerial reconnaissance flight southwards from Hollandia (now Jayapura)
discovered a large agricultural population. Wamena is the starting point for most visitors
who come nowadays to marvel at the mountain views, roaring rivers, tribal villages and at
the tough but sweet spirit of the warm Dani people.

16. Bunaken

Located at the north of the island of Sulawesi, Bunaken is one of Indonesia’s most
famous dive and snorkeling areas. The island is part of the Bunaken Marine Park where
you can see more than 70% of all fish species that live in the western Pacific ocean. The
best time for diving in Bunaken is between the months of April and November.

17. Raja Ampat

The east part of Indonesia offers lots of hidden beautiful places on which lush nature
and majestic islands reside. Raja Ampat District is not an exception. It is located in West
Papua Province and has gained better popularity these days (among travelers). Featuring
tons of islands, tourists often come to the site to do island hopping and other fun activities
like photography, honeymoon, nature exploration, and much more. The name means
“Empat Raja” or Four Kings, actually. It is represented by its 4 major islands called
Salawati, Batanta, Waigeo, and Misool. All of them are worth a visit, for sure.
 CONCLUSION

Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world, range from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in
Papua, which is made up of thousands of large and small islands, which are connected by the
strait and sea.

With such widespread Indonesia kept many natural resources on land and under the sea is
beautiful. No wonder if Indonesia has many wonderful spots especially in the sector of the
beach. Due to the geographical position of Indonesia itself that is located in parts of the equator.
Among the many beaches, there are several beaches in Indonesia are categorized as the most
beautiful beaches in the world. Among other Senggigi Beach in Lombok, Kuta Beach in Bali,
Bunaken Beach in Manado, and many other beautiful beaches.

Indonesia has very beautiful natural wealth. Because of its natural beauty that Indonesia
has become a tourist destination that is much coveted by both local and international travelers
from around the world. Panorama in Indonesia is certainly not inferior to other countries. For it
would not hurt if we went on holiday to enjoy a variety of natural beauty that exist in Indonesia
and make it as a tourist destination.

Not only that, Indonesia is also rich in culture, various tribes living in Indonesia with
harmony and peace, each tribe has its own characteristics that make cultural diversity in
Indonesia, besides Indonesia also has a distinctive culinary in each territory.

The Indonesian archipelago is a collection of islands that holds untold treasures in its
diversity of cultures, landscapes, and cities. With nearly 13,500 islands under its jurisdiction,
Indonesia offers an adventure for everyone, from exploring ancient temples and hiking active
volcanoes to diving in largely untouched waters. You can wander the busy streets of Jakarta, or
take a step back in time with a visit to the remote villages of Tana Toraja; indulge in the bliss of
Bali, or come face to face with the volatile Anak Krakatau. So we as Indonesian people must
maintain, protect and develop all of the tourism in Indonesia.
 REFERENCES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_Indonesia
https://www.indonesia-tourism.com/
https://www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions/indonesia-ina.htm
http://www.touropia.com/tourist-attractions-in-indonesia/
http://www.indonesia-tourism.com/west-papua/raja-ampat/