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In the recent past, wireless controlled vehicles had been extensively used in a lot of areas like
unmanned rescue missions, military usage for unmanned combat and many others. But the major
disadvantage of these wireless unmanned robots is that they typically make use of RF circuits for
maneuver and control. Essentially RF circuits suffer from a lot of drawbacks such as limited
frequency range i.e. working range, and limited control. To overcome such problems associated
with RF control, few papers have been written, describing methods which make use of the GSM
network and the DTMF function of a cell phone to control the robotic vehicle. This paper
although uses the same principle technology of the GSM network and the DTMF based mobile
phone . In Cell phone Robot project, we need two mobile phones. The “mobile controlled robot”
is controlled by a mobile phone that makes a call to the another mobile phone attached to the
robot. In the course of a call, if any button is pressed, a tone corresponding to the button pressed
is heard at the other end of the call. This tone is called “Dual Tone Multiple-Frequency” (DTMF)
tone. The robot perceives this DTMF tone with the help of the phone stacked on the robot. The
received tone is processed by the microcontroller with the help of a decoder IC. The
microcontroller then transmits the signal to the motor driver ICs to operate the motors. Since this
robot is controlled by dialing a call so we can also call it as DTMF controlled robot.
1.2 OBJECTIVE
In manufacturing industries pick and place robots was ivented to be used as hardware o solving
and accomplishing most of the task that cannot be done by human being and also to be faster and
pinch the production time.
During the course of the call, if any button is pressed, control corresponding to the button
pressed is heard at the other end of the call. This unique tone is received by the mobile
on the robot, and is decoded with the help of the CM8870 IC.
The received tone is then processed by the Atmega8 microcontroller into its equivalent
binary digit, according to which it is pre-programmed to take a decision for any given
input and outputs its decision to the motor driver, in order to drive the motors forward,
backward or for rotatory motion.
The mobile that makes a call to the mobile phone kept in the robot acts as a remote. So
this simple robotic project does not require the construction of receiver and transmitter
units.
ATMEGA8L MICROCONTROLLER:
FIG:3.1 ATMEGA8L
Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip,
as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded
applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other
general purpose applications.
ATMega8L 8PU is a 28 Pin 8kb 8 bit Atmel AVR Microcontroller 131 Powerful
Instructions Most Single Clock Cycle Execution 512 Bytes EEPROM 1K Bytes.
It is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller which is based on the AVR RISC
architecture.
I/O and Packages
23 Programmable I/O Lines
28-lead PDIP, 32-lead TQFP, and 32-pad QFN/MLF
Operating Voltages
– 5.5V (ATmega8L)
4.5 – 5.5V (ATmega8)
Speed Grades
0 – 8 MHz (ATmega8L)
Then it is decoded using MT8870 C which is DTMF decoder . hence in this way device
identify the instruction and work accordingly .
3.2.4Power Supply
The basic step in the designing of any system is to design the power supply required for that
system. The steps involved in the designing of the power supply are as follows, 1) Determine the
total current that the system sinks from the supply. 2) Determine the voltage rating required for
MOTORS
For our application we are going to use the DC motors. As they are having the high torque so
these are the choice for the picking application.
24 4
11
5
27 10
26
25
L293D 6
11
12
13
Project :
Version :
Date : 4/30/2015
Author : F4CG
Company : F4CG
Comments:
Chip type : ATmega8L
Program type : Application
Clock frequency : 1.000000 MHz
Memory model : Small
External SRAM size : 0
Data Stack size : 256
*****************************************************/
#include <mega8.h>
#include <delay.h>
void main(void)
{
// Declare your local variables here
// Input/Output Ports initialization
// Port B initialization
// Port C initialization
// Func6=In Func5=In Func4=In Func3=In Func2=In Func1=In Func0=In
// State6=T State5=T State4=T State3=T State2=T State1=T State0=T
PORTC=0x00;
DDRC=0x00;
// Port D initialization
// Func7=In Func6=In Func5=In Func4=In Func3=In Func2=In Func1=In Func0=In
// State7=T State6=T State5=T State4=T State3=T State2=T State1=T State0=T
PORTD=0x00;
DDRD=0x00;
// Timer/Counter 0 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer 0 Stopped
// Timer/Counter 2 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer 2 Stopped
// Mode: Normal top=FFh
// OC2 output: Disconnected
ASSR=0x00;
TCCR2=0x00;
TCNT2=0x00;
OCR2=0x00;
while (1)
{if(PIND.0==0 && PIND.1==1 && PIND.2==0 && PIND.3==0)//FORWARD
{
PORTB.1=1,PORTB.2=0,PORTB.3=1,PORTB.4=0;
PORTC.0=0,PORTC.1=0,PORTC.2=0,PORTC.3=0;
}
else if(PIND.0==0 && PIND.1==0 && PIND.2==0 && PIND.3==1)//REVERSE
{
PORTB.1=0,PORTB.2=1,PORTB.3=0,PORTB.4=1;
PORTC.0=0,PORTC.1=0,PORTC.2=0,PORTC.3=0;
}
else if(PIND.0==0 && PIND.1==1 && PIND.2==1 && PIND.3==0)//RIGHT
{
PORTB.1=0,PORTB.2=0,PORTB.3=1,PORTB.4=0;
PORTC.0=0,PORTC.1=0,PORTC.2=0,PORTC.3=0;
}
else if(PIND.0==0 && PIND.1==0 && PIND.2==1 && PIND.3==0)//LEFT
This robot is used for pick the object in one place and place that objects in required places. Some
industrial works are harmful for humans this robot is mainly used for reduce the risk process and
consuming time and avoid labors. Human are tired for hard work such as assembly line, material
handling etc. this robot does all those things it mainly reduces the manual work our robot is
designed at low cost as well as high efficient one.
This project is to give the way for providing bigger effective robot forindustrial applications.
6.1 CONCLUSION
The report contains a very different mix of studies varying from software to hardware. This is an
autonomous robot arm with a three dimensional reach which could automatically detect and pick
an object. Then it could place it in a destination and change the orientation as specified by the
user.
Internet
• www.engineersgarage.com
• www.circuitstoday.com