International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics

Volume 119 No. 17 2018, 95-103

ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)
url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/
Special Issue
http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGRIGATE BY

USING ELECTRONIC WASTE
S. ANDAVAN (1), RAMESH BHASKAR (2), CH.INDRA REDDY (3)
Associate professor, department of civil engineering, Saveetha School of engineering, Saveetha University,
India (1).

U.G. scholar, department of civil engineering, Saveetha School of engineering, Saveetha University, India (2)
andavancivil@gmail.com(1)ramesh.bhaskar@gmail.com(2),

Indrareddy752@gmail.com (3)ABSTRACT:

The management and utilization of E plastic waste is apace growing because it may be
a valuable resource of IT industries and its very risky substances and with low utilization
rate. The employment of e-plastic waste materials may be partial answer to environment
and ecological issues. The use of e-plastic waste can reduce the combination price and it
will reduce the low land price. The e plastic waste consists of discarded plastic waste
from the previous computers, television’s, refrigerators, radios, these plastic squares,
measure non-biodegradable elements of E plastic waste as a partial replacement of the
coarse or fine aggregate. An experimental study is formed The e plastic waste consists of
discarded plastic waste form the previous computers on the employment of E-waste
particles as fine and coarse aggregates in concrete percentage replacement starting from
the zero is concern. on the strength criteria of M20 Concrete. Compressive strength,
durability and Flexural Strength Concrete with and while not E- waste plastic as
aggregates was observed that exists an honest strength. The practicableness of utilizing
E-waste plastic particles as partial replacement of coarse aggregate has been
given. Within the gift study, compressive strength was investigated for optimum cement
content and 10 e-plastic content combined and yielded st ability and really smart in
compressive strength of fifty- three grade cement. Concrete is a combination of cement
and water.
KEYWORDS:
Concrete, compressive strength
INTRODUCTION:
The world’s annual consumption of plastic materials has increased from around five million tons
with in the 1950 s to 100 million tons in recent times, leading to a big increase within the
quantity of plastic waste generation. Today one of the better growing areas is electronic waste
generation. E-waste describes obsolete, broken loosely discarded, surplus electrical or electronic
devices. As per Rajya territory analysis republic of India is upper most country to supply e-waste
yearly. Storage of waste may be a down side in republic of India. Out of whole e –waste
production eighty to eighty fifth discarded as landfill, which may involve or unharness sure toxic
gases into air, could have a directly or indirectly harmful to human health and environment. 5%

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was recycled. Thus to avoid pollution and defends surroundings there is a requirement for the use
of e-waste in varied purpose. Best thanks to utilize the concrete as a coarse mixture within
the gift study the recycled Plastics were wont to prepare the coarse aggregate there by providing
a property choice to modify the plastic waste. Latest innovations with in the field of science of
technology have modify the terribly lifestyle of someone abundant electronic equipment that
was on the far side reached earlier is currently on the cheap costs. Today folks favor to purchase
a brand new appliance rather than taking the pains to urge the older one repaired. Such a trend
not solely ends up in increase in volume of electrical and electronic waste however conjointly
poses serious threat to public health and setting. E-waste is growing exponentially in recent years
the markets for these merchants grown quickly. The USEPA as calculable arise of five to 100%
within the generation of e-waste annually globally of that solely five hitters are being required
there by the quantity of e- waste that must be disposed off in AN environmental friendly manner
is increasing day by day. The copper fraction with in the iron, copper, aluminum, gold and
different metals in e-waste is over hrs., whereas plastics account for regarding half hour and also
the venture some pollutants comprise slowly about 2.70%.the e-waste inventory supported
this degeneration rate and put in base in India for the year 2005 has been estimated to be
146180.00 tones. This can be exceeded eight tones by 2012. In India e-waste is generally
generated in top cities like urban center, Bombay and metropolis. In these cities a posh e-waste
handling infrastructure has developed in the main based on an extended tradition of waste
employment. Sixty 5 cities in India generate quite hours of the e –waste generated in India. 10
states produce the seventieth of e-waste in India.geographic area ranks 1st followed by province,
Andhra of e-waste generating states in India. among 10 cities generating e-waste Bombay ranks
first followed by urban center Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmadabad, Hyderabad, Pune, Surat and
Nagpur, Bangalore. There are 2 tiny WEEE/E-waste disassembly facilities functioning in
Chennai metropolis there is no giant scale organized e-waste employment facility in India and
also the entire recycling exists in unorganized sector. The major objective of this task is to scale
back as for as doable the buildup of used and discarded electronic and electrical equipment’s and
transfer waste into socially and industrially helpful material exploitation straight forward, low
price and environmental friendly technology. During this project coarse mixture is partially
replaced by electronic waste up to five,10%,15%,20%, 25% and 35%. Then in these mix 10%,
20% and 30% of fly ash is also added by partial replacement of cement and all these mixes are
checked for its compressive strength.
TYPES OF TESTS USED:
 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
 TENSILE STRENGTH
 FLEXURAL STRENTH
COMPRESIVE STRENGTH:
Compressive strength or compression strength is the capacity of a material or structure to
withstand loads tending to reduce size, as opposed to tensile strength, which withstands loads
and tends to elongate. Compressive strength is a key value for design of structures.

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TENSILE STRENGTH:
The resistance of a material to breaking under tension.
FLEXURAL STRENGTH:
Is also known as modulus of rupture, or bend strength or transverse rupture strength is a material
property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexural strength.
The flexural strength represents the highest stress experienced within the material at its moment
of yield.

3. RECYCLE OF E-WASTE:

Normally E-waste was produced from the IT, and software companies. Mostly the e-wastage in
the form of circuit boards, plastic waste, which was produced from the TV’s, refrigerators,
radios- basically any electronic device having there end of life. An estimation of lakhs of tons
electronic waste was produced by the year. The total E –waste was produced in India was
1,50,000 tons per year. Only up to 15% -20% of the Electronic waste was recycled and other
material was not recycled. And rest of the E-waste was under gone through the landfills and
incineration process. The processing of electronic waste in developing countries causes serious
health and pollution problems due to the fact that electronic equipment contains serious
contaminants such as lead, cadmium and beryllium etc.. The use of these materials in concrete
comes from the environmental constraints in the safe disposal of these products. Use of E-waste
materials not only helps in getting them utilized in cement, concrete and other construction
materials, it helps in reducing the cost of cement and concrete manufacturing, but also has
numerous indirect benefits such as reduction in landfill cost, saving in energy, and protecting the
environment from possible pollution effects.

4. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS:
4.1 MATERIALS:
The partial aggregate replacement or partial cementicious materials are depending on their
chemical composition and grain size and porosity of the materials. Recent studies shown that
recycling or reuse of the E-wastage was economical and technical advantage for disposing of the
large electronic materials in concrete. The electronic waste was used as coarse or fine aggregates
based on their chemical composition and grain size. The electric or electronic devices are

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collected from the commercial informal recyclers which were crushed and collected to ground
size.

5. CONCRETE MIX:
In my experiment instead of river sand we used M-sand for innovative purpose so that it should
be economical. The grade of cement was used in the experiment was M20 grade and E-waste of
mixed proportions was 0%, 5% and 10%.
6. TESTS:
6.1COMRESSIVE STRENGTH:
The compressive strength gives the characteristics of the concrete. It was conducted to evaluate
the strength development of concrete containing various E-waste contents at the age of 7, 28
days respectively.
Table.1 Compressive strength test results:

Concrete E- Average Average

class waste strength(mpa) strength(mpa)
7days 28days

A 0% 16.5 18

B 5% 15.35 17.55

C 10% 14.75 16.55

6.2 TENSILE STRENGTH:

The Tensile strength gives the characteristics of the concrete. It was conducted to evaluate the
strength development of concrete containing various E-waste contents at the age of 7, 28 days
respectively.
Table.2 tensile strength test results:

Concrete E- Average Average

class waste strength(mpa) strength(mpa)
7 days 28 days

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A 0% 1.18 1.28

B 5% 0.99 1.10

C 10% 0.85 0.835

6.3 FLEXURAL STRENGTH:

The Tensile strength gives the characteristics of the concrete. It was conducted to evaluate the
strength development of concrete containing various E-waste contents at the age of 7, 28 days
respectively.
Table. 3 flexural strength results:

E- Average Average
Concrete waste strength(mpa) strength(mpa)
class 7days
28 days

A 0% 8.25 10.5

B 5% 8.0 9.9

C 10% 7.75 8.9

6.4comparison between obtained values:

GRAPHICAL REPRESANTTION FOR 7 DAYS

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20
compressive
15
strength
10 tensile
strength
5
flexural
0 strength
0% 5% 10%

GRAPHICAL REPRESANTATION FOR 28 DAYS

20
compressive
15
strength
10 tensile strengh

5
flexural
0 strength
0% 5% 10%

7. Results and Discussions:

An analysis was made on the strength characteristics by conducting the tests on e-waste
Concrete with E-waste and the results revealed that up to 10% replacement e-waste for coarse
aggregate in concrete shows similar valves in compressive & Tensile strength and flexural
strength.
8. CONCLUSION:
In this experiment we used M-sand for economical purpose and innovative purpose.so that E-
wastage was used for reduction of E-wastage and it will reacts with the concrete in eco-friendly
manner so that it was used up to two storied building. The values which was obtained was
slightly changes or decreased on compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength.so
that E-wastage was eco-friendly with the concrete and no cracks was coming on the cubes,
cylinders and prisms.so that we should go for the further movements for the projects.
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