Mock Board Highlights

Tuesday, 20 February 2018
MOCK BOARDS HIGHLIGHTS
Biochem
◦ Genetic diseases
◦ Lysosomal storage disorders (memorize enzymes as
well as reactants)
◦ Lipoproteinemias
◦ Hypercholesterlemia
1
Anatomy
◦ Extremities
◦ Brachial plexus
◦ Pelvic organs
◦ OB anatomy
◦ Abdominal wall layers
◦ focus on sensory and motor innervation of hand
◦ Hiatal contents (diaphragm)
◦ Renal bloody supply
◦ Relations of the ureter ("water under the bridge")
◦ Lobe affected in aspiration pneumonia
◦ inguinal ring and covering of testes with abdominal-
scrotal wall relationships
2
◦ Blood supply of the stomach

◦ segments of the liver
◦ Bones of the wrist
Esophageal Landmarks by endoscopic distances

UES - 15 cm
Thoracic inlet - 18 cm
Aortic arch/Left mainstem bronchus - 25 cm
LES/GEJ - 40 cm
Hand: nerve lesions

DR CUMA:
Drop=Radial nerve
Claw=Ulnar nerve
Median nerve=Ape hand (or Apostol [preacher] hand)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Hamate, Capitate, Tr
apezoid, Trapezium
10
Anterior talofibular ligament - MC damaged in inversion

sprains
11
12
13
14
Micropara
◦ classification of bacteria
15
◦ classification of viruses
◦ STDs
◦ Mycoses, Wood Lamp test result, classic features
"spaghetti and meatballs"
◦ Exotoxins and mechanism
16
17
Physiology
◦ lung volumes
◦ cardiac PV curves
◦ FORMULAS at the back of BRS
◦ GI hormones and stimulus
◦ ABG Acidosis and Alkalosis
◦ Hemoglobin-O2 curve
◦ Shock
◦ Endo feedback
◦ Effect of anti HPN on GFR
◦ PAH (renal plasma flow) vs inulin (GFR)
18
19
20
Legal Med
◦ Determinants of sex: pelvis, skull, sternum, femur,
humerus
21
◦ Determination of age - Hess' rule (age in months), if

<25 cm, sqrt of length in cm; if >= 25, length in cm /5
Pathology
◦ Apoptosis vs Necrosis
◦ Nuclear changes
◦ Types of necrosis
◦ Morphology of renal disorders
◦ Involved in Granuloma formation - IFN gamma
◦ CLL - smudge cells
◦ Subepithelial "lumpy-bumpy" - PSGN
◦ Subepithelial "spike and dome" - MGN
◦ Tram track appearance - MPGN
22
◦ Subendothelial - type I MPGN

◦ Intramembranous - type II MPGN
◦ Wire loop appearance - SLE
◦ Mesangial deposits of IgA - Berger's Dse/IgA
Nephropathy
◦ Subendothelial/Mesangial deposits of amyloid - Renal
amyloidosis
◦ Cause of crew cut xray in thalassemia - increased
erythropoiesis
◦ Lacunar cell = variant of Reed-Sternberg cell in
nodular sclerosis type Hodgkins lymphoma
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Pharmacology
30
◦ MOA of TB drugs
◦ Antidotes to drug overdose
◦ MOA of diuretics/HPN drugs
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33
34
Ethics
Pointers:
• A patient who is competent has the right to refuse
lifesaving treatment for him/herself, for any reason, even if
death is likely to occur.
• A parent/guardian/primary caregiver cannot refuse
treatment for a minor under their care, for any reason. In an
emergency situation, a physician has the right to act in the
minor’s best interest without permission from the caregiver or
the courts. In a non-emergency situation, a court order must
be obtained before treatment is initiated.
35
• A pregnant woman has the right to refuse any and all

treatment, even if that means the fetus will be injured or die.
The patient must be competent in order to make this decision.
• A competent patient has the right to stop artificial life
support, even if this will result in death.
• In order to be deemed legally competent to accept or
refuse medical treatment, a patient must first fully understand
the risks/benefits of the treatment, as well as the likely
outcome that would result if they refused the treatment.
• Minors are not deemed competent unless they are
emancipated.
• When a patient’s competence is in question, a judge
will have to make the final decision as to whether they are in
fact competent or not.
• Mental retardation and/or other illnesses do not
always immediately deem a patient incompetent to make their
own decisions.
Abuse
• It is mandatory that you report all cases and
suspected cases of child and elderly abuse. (Exception: You
are not required to report domestic abuse to the authorities.)
• You are allowed to admit a child if you feel they are at
risk of further abuse.
• You are not obliged to tell the parents you suspect
abuse of any kind
36

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Tuesday, 20 February 2018

MOCK BOARDS HIGHLIGHTS

◦ Blood supply of the stomach

Esophageal Landmarks by endoscopic distances

Hand: nerve lesions

So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb

Anterior talofibular ligament - MC damaged in inversion

◦ Determination of age - Hess' rule (age in months), if

◦ Subendothelial - type I MPGN

• A pregnant woman has the right to refuse any and all

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