Você está na página 1de 40

Cultural Anthropology Construction of Identity

How do people determine who they are, and


how they communicate who they think they
are to others?
As we become who we are, we learn how we
stand in relation to others. We learn how we
relate to others as son, daughter, student,
friend, or lover.
Culture is typically described as the totality of
learned behaviors of a people that emerges
from their interpersonal interactions
Definition of Identity:
the reflective self-conception or self-image
that we each derive from our family, gender,
cultural, ethnic, and individual socialization
process (Ti g-Toomey).
Objective culture
Visible: artifacts, food, clothing

Views of Culture

Subjective culture
Invisible: values, attitudes, norms
Society is a collection of social identities
distributed over a landscape.

Importance of Self
Individuals strive to arrive at some
identity/destination from which they can
relate to other social identities.
Concept of Personhood Vary from Society
to Society (Environmental Self)
a view of the self in which the
individual is primarily responsible
ndividualistic for his or her own actions

tend to focus more specifically on


individual factors, independent of
their environment.
olistic
a view of the self in which the individual cannot be conceived of as
existing separately from society or apart from his or her status or role

pay far more attention to the peripheral information and context


Concept of Personhood Vary from Society
to Society (Type of self)
Egocentric
view each person is defined as a replica of
all humanity, the locus of motivations and
drives, capable of acting independently from
others
The self exists as an entity only
within the concrete situations or
roles occupied by the person

view of the self depends on context


Sociocentric
POINT:

identity is best understood


as a combination of
egocentric and sociocentric
aspects

independent, autonomous and identity comprised of different cultures emphasize


identity with permanent o e’s positio i so ial one or the other relatively
qualities networks more
Identity Toolbox
Tool of Society
to Distinguish
Identity Individuals
Toolbox from one
another
features of a perso ’s
identity that he or
Identity she chooses to
Toolbox emphasize in
constructing a social
self
Universal:
Family membership,
gender, age, etc.
Identity
Toolbox Specific:
ethnic group
membership, skin
color, wealth, etc.
Constructing
Male Female
Third Gender

they do not enact in standard


roles, occupy the culturally
accepted roles in a third gender
category, typically defined by
occupation, dress, and
behaviour
refers to groups of people who
have differences and similarities in
biological traits deemed by society
to be socially significant, meaning
Social Race that people treat other people
differently because of them.

shared cultural practices,


heritage, history,
traditions, values, area of
Ethnicity origin, and sometimes
language
Language
Language is one of the tools
people have to signal how they
want to be placed in society (ex:
voice pitch).
Grammar can signal gender; in
English, the third person singular
he or she forces us to
differentiate gender.
Learning Who We Are
Rite of Passage
(Arnold van Gennep, 1908)
These rituals ark a perso ’s passage or
change from one identity to another
Separation from previous
identity

The person enters a transition


3 phases phase (liminal state)

incorporation into the new


identity
Cultural Competence
Continuum of Cultural Competence
ASSESSMENT OF COMPETENCE
Affectiv
e
Prejudice

Behavior Discrimination Stereotype Cognition


Reflection

To u dersta d the i pa t of ulture i our o li es a d others’, look


directly at what culture you possess and the ways in which it might influence
your perspectives and behaviors. Ask some of these questions:

• Where am I from (nationality, region, and heritage)?


• What are my beliefs, values, and religious and political orientations?
• What is my biological sex and gender identity?
• What is my age group?
• What is my social class?
• What life events have greatly affected me?
• What stereotypes, prejudices, and discriminations do I hold?
Sociogram making
• List all social relationships, interactions, and groups you have.
• You may name a single person that is not within a group but you have a
relationship or interaction
• List all the groups that you belong, can include previous groups
• If you have a specific or other forms of relationship on a person from a group,
separate that person from the list
Sociogram making
• Next, draw a circle at any part of the paper and write you name inside
it
• Draw also circles that will represent the list you made
Sociogram making
• Make connections flowing the guidelines
Sociogram making
Sociogram making
• Describe everything
Assignment
• Make a family tree starting from your grandparents up to your last
generation

Você também pode gostar