System Design of Physical Cell ID Planning For LTE System

not permitted without written authorization from RANPLAN.
New Feature Design Document

All rights reserved. Passing on and copying of this
document, use and communication of its contents
Ownership Company Unit

Luton, UK Development Department
Author Title
Jiming Chen System design of Physical cell ID planning for LTE system
System Name iBuildNet

Modules WNS
Document Type Detail Design
Document 1.0.0
Version
Creation Date [2015/05/08]
Designer Jiming Chen

Requirements [Corresponding document link or ID in Cognidox]
Doc Position
Development RP-000756-DD
Code
Responsible WNS
Modules
Main Developers Tianyou Yu
Support Wenkang Zhao
Developers
Related Modules
Priority 4
Difficulty 4
Phase Type Medium
Development 4 weeks
Period
Version: 23 September 2014

Owner: Development Manager
CogniDox Template Ref: RP-000057-TT Page 1 of 12
Confidential
not permitted without written authorization from RANPLAN. New Feature Design Document
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Review
Version Review Date Result Comment
er
1.0.0
Change History
Version Date Comment Modifier
1.0.0 2015/05/08 Create the document Jiming Chen

Confidential
CATALOG
1 BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION .................................................... 4

2 ISSUE DESCRIPTION .......................................................... 4
3 SOLUTION DESIGN ............................................................ 5
3.1 Logic Design ........................................................................................................................................ 5
PCI Planning Criterion............................................................................................... 5
PCI Planning Algorithm ............................................................................................. 6
3.2 UI and Interface Design ...................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 Function Design ................................................................................................................................ 10
ANR (Automatic Neighbour Relation) list................................................................ 10
Interference Matrix .................................................................................................. 10
3.4 Consider Measurement..................................................................................................................... 11
3.5 Optimisation Algorithm .................................................................................................................... 11
3.6 Test Case List .................................................................................................................................... 11
4 SUMARRY................................................................... 11
5 BRIEF .................................................................... 11
6 REFERENCE................................................................. 12
PICTURES CATALOG
TABLES CATALOG

Confidential
1 BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION
In the LTE network planning, the PCI (Physical Cell ID) planning is one of the most important
steps. To assign and use PCI reasonably could reduce interference and increase resource
utilization and QOS of the LTE system. PCI in LTE only has 168 groups (called PSS IDs) with
each group containing 3 unique identities (called SSS ID), 504 in total, which is not enough for
needs of LTE commercial networks.
Each physical cell ID is defined a pseudo-random sequence, and each cell’s downlink reference
signals transmit a pseudo-random sequence corresponding to the physical cell ID of the cell. The
SSS and PSS are transmitted over the centre six frequency blocks independent of the channel
bandwidths used by cells. Mobiles synchronise there transmission and reception frequency and
time by listening first to the PSS. Once they know the PSS ID of the cell, they listen to the SSS of
the cell in order to know the SSS ID. The combination of these two IDs gives the physical cell ID
and the associated pseudo-random sequence that is transmitted over the downlink reference
signal.
Once the physical cell ID and the associated pseudo-random sequence is known to the mobile,
the cell is recognized by the mobile based on the received downlink reference signals. Downlink
channel quality measurements are also made on the downlink reference signals.
As can be understood from the above description, if all the cells in the network transmit the same
physical cell ID, it will be impossible for a mobile to identify different cells. Cell search and
selection will be impossible. Therefore, it is important to intelligently allocate physical cell IDs to
cells so as to allow easy recognition of cells by mobiles.
In the iBuildNet, the system synchronization is not considered because the synchronization is
always assumed, but the channel quality measurement based RSRP will affect the signal
prediction and simulation performance. Therefore, If PCI could not be planned well, it will cause
high interruption of Reference Signal (RS), then this situation would cause black hole of signal
coverage.
2 ISSUE DESCRIPTION
In the LTE network, there are multiple deployment scenario, such regular cluster macro scenario,
HetNet scenario, and indoor scenario, so it is more difficulty for the PCI planning to assign the ID
to all cell with conflicting, careful planning and optimisation should be need to maximize the
interference between cells.
PCI will determine the RS pattern. For the single antenna system, the mod 6 interference should
be considered, that mean the PCI mod 6 cannot the same, as shown in Figure 4. If the PCI mod
6 is the same, these cells will interfere each other.
Figure 1 RS pattern for single antenna

Confidential
For the multiple antenna system, the PCI mod 3 cannot the same, as shown in Figure 2,
otherwise the interference will generate between these cells.
Figure 2 RS pattern for multiple antennas
3 SOLUTION DESIGN
In the LTE system, the cell synchronization signal must be transmitted first once every 5ms,
which include Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and Secondary Synchronization Signal
(SSS).
PSS signal has 3 different sequences called Physical-Layer Identities (0-2), and SSS signal has
168 different sequences called Physical-Layer Cell Identity groups (0-167). So there are total 504
Physical-Layer Cell Identities, as shown in Figure 3.
Group #0 Group #1 Group #1 Group #167
PCI0 PCI3 PCI6 PCI501

PCI1 PCI2 PCI4 PCI5 PCI7 PCI8 PCI502 PCI503
Figure 3 PCI
3.1 Logic Design
PCI Planning Criterion
For the 504 ID, they will be carefully allocated to the cell. And the allocation step is following:
a) For the cell, the PCIi=3Sj+Pk, where i=0,…,503, j=0,…,167 group, and k=0,…,2 ID;
b) The sequence for the SSS signal is generated as follows:
m0 = m’ mode 31

Confidential
m1 = [m0+INT(m’/31)+1] mod 31
m’ = Sj+q(q+1)/2
q = INT((Sj+q’(q’+1)/2)/30); q’ = INT(Sj/30)
c) Simulation hint that the following combinations at adjacent cells will give bad
performance, i.e. high interference
Same ID, i.e. same k
Same m0
Same m1
When planning PCIs the following priority order are recommended:
a) The same PCIs should be avoided within the same site and as neighbors
b) PCIs with conflicting k values should be avoided within the same site and as neighbors
c) PCIs with conflicting m0 and m1 values should be avoided within the same site and as
neighbors
PCI Planning Algorithm
The PCI planning algorithm is an iterative algorithm based on an object function, and try different
physical cell IDs to cells in order to minimize the object function.
The result of this problem is presented by an n x m two-dimensional matrix W. Based on different

cell numbers in LTE system would get different matrix W. Every element in this matrix is
presented as xi,j, which the value is 1 or 0. When PCI j is assigned to cell i, xi,j = 1, otherwise xi,j =
0. In order to satisfy the demand vector, we need to make
NPCI
∑k=0 xi,k = Di ∀i, which Di is cell i’s PCI demand, here each cell will be assigned a PCI, so Di=1,
n is number of cell, m is the number of usable or candidate PCI.
Object function:
M(Cell) M(Cell) NPCI
intra
wi,j
min ∑ ∑ ∑ yi,j,k
xi,k Di ∗ Dj
i=0 j=0 k=0
Subject to:
NPCI
∑ xi,k = Di ∀i
k=0
xi,k ∈ {0,1}, Di is the number of PCI required by Cell I, wi,j is the interference from cell j to cell i,
and yi,j,k is the interference factor based on same PCI, same PSS, and same SSS.
If not consider interference from inter-RAT then,

Confidential
y α, the ith and jth cell has the same PCI,or PSS,or SSS
i,j,k={
0,otherwise
3.2 UI and Interface Design
For the planning, click the PCI planning, as shown in Figure 5
Figure 5 UI for planning
And click the ‘PCI Planning’ button, and the planning form is shown in Figure 6
And the planning results is based on the table, as shown in Table 1
Table1 PCI table

Confidential
PCI
For the optimisation, UI is as shown in Figure 6.
(a) General

Confidential
(b) Targets
(c) Input variables

Confidential
(d) Results
Figure 6 UI
In the initial step, the PCI can be selected the first candidate PCI.
3.3 Function Design
For implementing the PCI planning and optimisation, the some function modular should be
determined firstly:
ANR (Automatic Neighbour Relation) list
Based the RSRP, a cell can build an ANR table if the RSRP from the cell is within D dB from the
strongest cell RSRP, where D=30dB.
For the outdoor system, the co-site cell must be neighbour, which means the RSRP from co-site
cells maybe is less than the D dB compare with the strongest cell RSRP, but, the co-site cell
should be added in neighbour list.
But, the neighbour cell should be symmetry, i.e. two cells should be neighbour each other, so if
cell i is the neighbour of cell j, and cell j is automatically neighbour of cell i.
Interference Matrix
Based on the cell number m, there need to build a interference matrix m x m, with each element
wi,j representing the total interference received from transmitter j to transmitter i.
In the matrix, wi,j is calculated based on the tx power of Cell j, and the path loss from Cell j to Cell
i. Therefore, based on RRPS, the path loss can be obtained.
But, because the PCI is the pseudo-random sequence, so the relation between the two
sequences will affect the interference calculation. So iBuildNet quantifies the interference of
different PCI into interference factor.

Confidential
a) In the PCI planning, if the PCI of two cells is the same, which means the pseudo-random
sequence is the same, so the two cells are interfered totally, so the interference factor is
1, i.e. αID =1;
b) If the PSS is the same for two cells, and the SSS is not same, then the interference factor
is 0.5, i.e. αPSS=0.5; 0.7
c) If the PSS is not the same, then there are two constraint:
If m0 is the same, then the interference factor is 0.35, i.e. αm0=0.35; 0.45
If m0 is not same, and m1 is the same, then the interference factor is 0.15, i.e. αm1=0.15;
0.25
Otherwise, then the interference factor is 0, i.e. αother=0;
But, if the PCI is the same after mod 6, when the system is single antenna port, or mod 3 when
the system is multiple antenna port, for above b case, the reference signal pattern is the same,
so the interference factor should be increased to 0.75, 0.8 because the signal quality based on
measurement will be degraded greatly.
3.4 Consider Measurement
In the PCI planning, if the measurement is done for the outside cells or inter cells, i.e. the PCI
can be obtained, and the planning for inside cells or intra cells should be considered the existing
PCI and the interference, so the interpolation based measurement should be implemented.
Based on the interpolation, the interference from measurement can be obtained, and the inter
cell interference matrix can be calculated.
3.5 Optimisation Algorithm
Based on the interference matrix, interference factor, candidate set, and measurement results,
the optimisation algorithm can be implemented by used the above optimisation expression.
But for the optimisation, the optimisation engine, designed by Hui, can be used. After prepare the
data structure and call the IFOmex.dll for PCI optimisation.
3.6 Test Case List
After planning the wireless network, run the PCI planning to assign the PCI for each cell, and
check whether the adjacent cells’ PCI meet the criterion.
4 SUMARRY
This document gives the design report of PCI planning and optimisation for LTE system to
improve the interference between adjacent cells’ Reference Signal, including the function design,
related modular and structure, test case.
5 BRIEF

Confidential
This document presents the PCI planning and optimisation design detail, test detail.
6 REFERENCE

Confidential

System Design of Physical Cell ID Planning For LTE System

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

System Design of Physical Cell ID Planning For LTE System

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

not permitted without written authorization from RANPLAN.

New Feature Design Document

Ownership Company Unit

System Name iBuildNet

Designer Jiming Chen

Version: 23 September 2014

Version: 23 September 2014

1 BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION .................................................... 4

Version: 23 September 2014

Figure 1 RS pattern for single antenna

Version: 23 September 2014

Figure 2 RS pattern for multiple antennas

Group #0 Group #1 Group #1 Group #167

PCI0 PCI3 PCI6 PCI501

3.1 Logic Design

PCI Planning Criterion

b) The sequence for the SSS signal is generated as follows:

Version: 23 September 2014

Same ID, i.e. same k

When planning PCIs the following priority order are recommended:

PCI Planning Algorithm

The result of this problem is presented by an n x m two-dimensional matrix W. Based on different

If not consider interference from inter-RAT then,

Version: 23 September 2014

3.2 UI and Interface Design

For the planning, click the PCI planning, as shown in Figure 5

Figure 5 UI for planning

And the planning results is based on the table, as shown in Table 1

Table1 PCI table

Version: 23 September 2014

For the optimisation, UI is as shown in Figure 6.

Version: 23 September 2014

(c) Input variables

Version: 23 September 2014

3.3 Function Design

ANR (Automatic Neighbour Relation) list

Version: 23 September 2014

Otherwise, then the interference factor is 0, i.e. αother=0;

3.4 Consider Measurement

3.5 Optimisation Algorithm

3.6 Test Case List

Version: 23 September 2014

Version: 23 September 2014

Você também pode gostar