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 JANUARY 2018
years

129
The technical service magazine for the rubber industry Volume 257, No. 4

Prediction of rolling resistance factor

with a rebound resilience tester

Characterization of rubber compounds

Rheology of EPDM compounds

made of equal Mooney, equal composition polymers

Characterizing rubber’s resistance

against chip and cut behavior

Instrumentation/Testing Labs Directories

www.rubberworld.com

ACS Events, page 74

@rubberworld
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Contents Vol. 257, No. 4 January 2018

FEATURES
JANUARY 201
8

22 Prediction of rolling
years

129
The technical

resistance factor (RRF)

service mag
azine for the
rubber indu
stry Volume 257
, No. 4

by S.L. Agrawal, B.B. Sharma and Virendra

Rathod, Reliance Industries Ltd., India. Rolling
Prediction of
resistance factor of conveyor belt cover with a rebou rolling resis
nd resilience tance factor
tester
compounds is examined. Characterizat
ion of rubber
compounds
Rheology of
EPDM comp

25 Characterization of
made of eq ounds
ual Mooney,
equal composition
polymers
Characterizing
rubber

rubber polymers and cut behav ’s resistance

against chip
ior

Instrumentat
by Alina K. Latshaw and Thomas Rauschmann, ion/Testing
Labs Director
ies
TA Instruments Waters. Advanced rheological

.comorld
measurements are correlated to polymer chain

www.rubberw
architecture. ACS Events
, page 74

31
@rubberworl

Rheology of EPDMs
d

by Juan Tuberquia, Colin Li Pi Shan, Sharon Cover photo: Courtesy of MonTech

Wu, Greg Li, Lena Nguyen, Teresita Kashyap,
Tianzi Huang, David Gillespie, Cory Thomas and
Kristel Blackwell, Dow Chemical. The rheology
of EPDM compounds made of equal Mooney,
equal composition polymers is assessed.
38 Cut and chip resistance
by Radek Stocek, PRL Polymer Research
Laboratory; William V. Mars and Christopher
G. Robertson, Endurica LLC; and Rheinhold
Kipscholl, Coesfeld GmbH. Analytical methods
to characterize the fracture of rubber
occurring during lab-simulated operation of
tire tread in rough terrain are described.
41 Instrumentation and
testing laboratories
directories
Directories provide products, services
and contact information for independent
testing laboratories serving the rubber
industry, and suppliers of rubber
instrumentation and test equipment.
Cross-referenced grids match companies
to the products and/or services they
provide.

DEPARTMENTS Digital Edition Content

4 Editorial See the January digital edition of
Rubber World for additional content
7 Business Briefs not found in the print edition
12 Market Focus
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14 Silicone/Medical Update  ‡([SDQGHGEXVLQHVVQHZV
16 The Rubber Economist  ‡([SDQGHGHTXLSPHQWLQIRUPDWLRQ
71 Meetings  ‡([SDQGHGLQVWUXPHQWDWLRQLQIRUPDWLRQ
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78 Suppliers Showcase
84 People in the News Visit: www.rubberworld.com

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 3

From the Editor
Recycled rubber turf approved
The Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries applauded the
Council of State Governments' unanimous approval of a reso-
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annual Independent Testing Laboratories Directory (page
for science to take precedence over conjecture in assessing
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DYDLODEOHRQWKDWLWHPE\DFFHVVLQJWKHGLJLWDOHGLWLRQRIRubber WorldDWZZZUXEEHUZRUOGFRP

EDITORIAL STAFF BUSINESS STAFF

RUBBER WORLD, (ISSN-0035-9572),
January, 2018, Vol. 257, No. 4, Copy-
Jill Rohrer editor Chip Lippincott publisher right: Lippincott & Peto, Inc. 2018; all
rights reserved. J.H. Lippincott, Chair-
Patrick J. DiMauro technical editor Dennis Kennelly senior vice president, man. Published monthly at 1741 Akron-
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by Lippincott & Peto, Inc. Editorial and
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director sula Rd., Akron, OH 44313-5157. Peri-
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reserved.
TIRE
 Driven by Speed and Precision
Accuracy and repeatability of measurement
at the highest throughput. Operational
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 Business Briefs
ARDL expands with
thermal test systems
Akron Rubber Development Laboratory (www.ardl.com),
Akron, OH, a global independent testing and development
laboratory, has increased its capabilities with the addition

A ,
of a C-Therm TCi ther-
CQUISITIONS mal conductivity analyz-
er. The modular system
SBR
EXPANSIONS
9HIGH QUALITY
allows ARDL to expand
on its wide range of capa-
bilities for testing, analysis and material characterization. The
device can assist customers in studying materials' thermal
conductivity and effusivity to ASTM D7984 for research and
development and quality control.
Wacker Chemical (www.wacker.com), Adrian, MI, part of
the global chemical group Wacker Chemie AG, is planning a
number of concurrent expansion projects to support regional
growth and demand for silicones and HDK pyrogenic silica.
9IN STOCK
Triple digit million dollar investments in North America align
with Wacker's overall expansion strategy to add capacity in
Europe and Asia.
Continental (www.contitech.us), Fairlawn, OH,
announced a $9.3 million expansion of the rubber mixing
9GREAT SERVICE
operations at its industrial hose plant in Norfolk, NE, to
accommodate its North American manufacturing facilities by
providing rubber for industrial hoses and whitewall tires for
passenger cars.
High Duty &
Wabash MPI and Carver (www.wabashmpi.com/www.
carverpress.com), Wabash, IN, announced the completion of
a recent expansion at their Wabash, IN, facility in response to
Dumping Fees
continued growth. This 5,000 square foot expansion includes
new warehouse and service areas which allow for reorganiza-
tion of the companies' current space for new offices, increased Call us today and see how
manufacturing capacities and improved efficiency for Wabash
and Carver's hydraulic and pneumatic presses. HB Chemical can save you money.
Orion Engineered Carbons (www.orioncarbons.com),
Luxembourg, a global supplier of specialty and high-perfor-
mance carbon black, has completed construction of a carbon
black production line at its plant in Yeosu, South Korea, to
produce specialty products.
Tahoma Rubber and Plastics (www.tahomarubberplas-
tics.com), Barberton, OH, added a 170 mm gear pump strainer
to its Abbeville, SC, plant to provide new capabilities to meet
customer demand. The strainer allows for the removal of cured
particles or contamination from rubber compounds. The plant
has also installed the capacity to produce sheeted fiber-filled
rubber compounds.
Smithers Rapra (www.smithersrapra.com), Akron, OH,
HB
CHEMICAL
1665 Enterprise Pkwy, Twinsburg, OH 44087
has invested in expanded tire testing capabilities at its tire and Ph: (800) 991-2436 F: (330) 920-0971
wheel testing laboratory in Suzhou, China. The testing equip- www.hbchemical.com
ment gives the Suzhou lab a 35% boost in capacity.

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 7

 Business Briefs
Nakata names BPS
its agent in Americas
BPS Engineering, LLC (www.bps-engineering.com),
Greenback, TN, announced that Nakata Engineering, Kobe,
Japan, makers of tire ply extrusion and rubber processing
machinery, has named BPS as
C ONTRACTS , its agent in North and South
America. BPS Engineering
LICENSES will provide new and existing
Nakata Engineering custom-
ers with sales, support and a complete inventory of commonly
required spare parts for Nakata machinery.
Goodyear Tire & Rubber (www.goodyear.com), Akron,
OH, is introducing its fleet services business model to shared
mobility providers to improve urban fleet operations. Goodyear
is launching an advanced tire maintenance pilot program with
Stratim, a San Francisco-based startup whose technology plat-
form tracks, monitors and oversees fleet maintenance in tens of
thousands of vehicles operated by more than 50 mobility ser-
vices in more than 25 markets across North America.
The International Rubber Study Group (www.rub-
berstudy.com), Singapore, announced that Kelani Valley
Plantations PLC and Dongwha Enterprise Ltd. have joined
the organization.
Cooper Tire & Rubber (www.coopertire.com), Findlay,
OH, announced that its Cooper Zeon LTZ Pro tire in size
285/60R18 has been selected as original equipment on the HSV
Colorado SportsCat pickup truck.
The Association for Rubber Products Manufacturers
(www.arpminc.org), Indianapolis, IN, recognized the following
companies for continuous membership for five years or more:
Blachford RP, Blair Rubber, Bridgestone APM, Cascade
Gasket & Manufacturing, Chardon Custom Polymers
LLC, Chemspec Polymer Additives, Columbia Engineered
Rubber, Continental ContiTech Custom Rubber, Eagle
Elastomer, Eaton - Hydraulics, Fenner Dunlop Americas,
Gates, Hamilton Kent LLC, HBD/Thermold, Hexpol
Compounding, Ice Miller LLP, Lauren Manufacturing,
MBL (USA), Megadyne America LLC, Molded Dimensions,
Parker Hannifin, Preferred Compounding, R&R Rubber
Molding, Rep, The Rubber Group, Salem-Republic Rubber,
Superior Tire & Rubber, Timken and Zeon Chemicals L.P.

TESTING INSTRUMENTS

The Ultimate Selections of Rubber Testing Equipment

• Universal Testing Machines
• Durometers: Shore & IRHD Hardness Testers
• Abrasion Testers
• Rebound Testers & Carbon Black Analyzers
• Aging Ovens
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• Advanced Polymer Testing Instruments
• Brittleness & Freezing Testers
• Rheometers
• Flex Testers
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• Specimen Dies & Clicker Presses
• Plastics and Metals Testers
• Much more ...

Toll-Free: 1.877.884.TEST (8378) | Fax: 954.697.8211

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8 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 got SBR?
Business Briefs
Cooper Tire wins
Good Design awards
Cooper Tire & Rubber (www.coopertire.com), Findlay, OH,
announced that the Cooper Evolution H/T, an all-season high-
way tire for the U.S. market, and the Mastercraft Courser
Sport 100, an ultra-
C ORPORATE , high performance tire
for drivers in Asia,
FINANCIAL NEWS have earned 2017

9HIGH QUALITY
Good Design awards
from the Chicago Athenaeum Museum of Architecture
and Design in cooperation with the European Center for
Architecture, Art, Design and Urban Studies for their design
excellence. The winning tires were selected from several thou-
sand entries spanning more than 55 countries.

9IN STOCK
Sumitomo Rubber North America (www.srigroup.co.jp),
Kobe, Japan, announced that MicroStrategy has awarded it
the 2017 Ventana Research Leadership Award in the digital
technology category. Using MicroStrategy Mobile, SRNA is
responsible for the sales and distribution for Falken, Dunlop
Motorcycle and Ohtsu branded tires throughout North America
and the Caribbean markets.
The Association for Rubber Products Manufacturers
(www.arpminc.org), Indianapolis, IN, released its revised
Application Guide for Radial Lip Type Shaft Seals (OS-4). The
ARPM OS-4 is a guide for the selection of radial lip seals.
9GREAT SERVICE
The U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association (www.ustires.
org), Washington, D.C., hails the vote of the Ohio Senate to
pass motorist safety legislation that prohibits the installation of
unsafe used tires as an important consumer production measure.
HB Chemical has the SBR you
need, in stock, duty-free, and
Quality registrations
without the high anti-dumping
The Material Research Center of CoreTech System Ltd.
(Moldex3D) (www.moldex3d.com), Taiwan, has successfully fees you are currently paying.
passed ISO/IEC 17025 certification. Its materials characterization
abilities on shear viscosity, heat capacity and dynamic viscosity are
approved in compliance with international standards.
Mokon (www.mokon.com), Buffalo, NY, a designer and man-
ufacturer of advanced heating and cooling equipment for industrial
markets, has successfully transitioned from ISO 9001:2008 to the

HB
ISO 9001:2015 quality standard.
PolyOne (www.polyone.com), Cleveland, OH, a global pro-
vider of specialized polymer materials, services and solutions, has
been certified to the American Chemistry Council's Responsible
Care Management System.
Vortex Global Limited (www.vortexglobal.com), Darlington,
U.K., has been certified to the ISO 9001:2015 standard.
CHEMICAL
For all the latest 1665 Enterprise Pkwy, Twinsburg, OH 44087
Ph: (800) 991-2436 F: (330) 920-0971
business briefs
click here: www.hbchemical.com

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 9

Introducing Surface360™
The new standard for in-line surface flaw detection.
1. Three million 3D points per second are mapped onto a 0.25mm x 0.25mm
structured grid.
2. Set up multiple inspection regions with different flaw detection limits.
3. Once a flaw is detected Surface360 displays the 3D image of the defect.
4. A scrolling tool permits you to visually check the entire defect history for any run.
5. A history log records all defects and classifies them according to size, type
and frequency.

Profile360™ Generation 4
The world's standard for 100% in-line extrusion measurement.
ent.
1. Reduced scrap and Increased yield result in higher profit.
2. Improved quality results in higher customer satisfaction andd
more repeat business.
3. Profile360 will alarm when dimensions change so people can respondd
immediately to correct problems before they cost you money.
4. See full-screen SPC charts and statistics in real-time and exportt
measurements to a database. G4

Laser Measurement Solutions for the Tire Industry

Offline Profilometer3D Online Profilometer for

Belt and Ply Width and Splice Monitor
for Tread Measurement Real-Time Tread Monitoring

Starrett-Bytewise
Email: sales.bytewise@starrett.com

starrett.com/bytewise | Tel: +1-706-323-5142

Laser Measurement for the Rubber Industry
GEO-360 Bulge and Depression
System for Retofit
GEO-360 systems are now available for cured tire bulge and
depression measurement on uniformity and balance machines.

Tire Industry Products

• Tread Extrusion Profilometers – On-Line
and Off-Line
• Gum Calender Profile Monitors
• Ply Splice Monitors
• Ply, Belt, and Extrusion Width Monitors
• Apex Extrusion Monitors
• Green Tire Uniformity Systems
• Tire Building Splice Monitors
• Treadwear Measurement Systems
• Bead-to-Bead Profile Measurement Systems
• 3D Tire Scanners

Green Tire Uniformity System Tire360 Treadwear

Bead-to-Bead Profile System
for TBM Monitoring Measurement System

Your smart factory just got a lot smarter!

 Market Focus
Moderate growth projected for SBR market
According to a Future Market Insights
exclusive study, the global styrene buta-
diene rubber market will witness a mod-
erate growth at 4.3% CAGR during the
forecast period 2017-2026. The study
estimates that by the end of 2026, over
$8.2 billion worth of SBR products will
be sold across the globe.
Key products made of styrene buta-
diene rubber can be categorized into
emulsions and solutions. Based on their
exceptional properties, SBR emulsions
have been widely used in the produc-
tion of footwear, tires and polymer
PRGL¿FDWLRQ SURFHVVHV 5HJDUGOHVV WKH
competency of SBR solutions in indus-
trial applications surpasses that of SBR
emulsions. In 2017, SBR solutions sold
across the globe are anticipated to ac-
of global market value estimated in the
study.
By the end of 2026, over $5.7 billion
worth of SBR solutions is expected to be
sold in the global market. The demand
for SBR is also anticipated to remain
high in the automotive industry for its
predominant application in the produc-
WLRQ DQG D൶[DWLRQ RI WLUHV 2YHU WKH
forecast period, the automotive tire ap-
plications of SBR are expected to regis-
ter revenue growth at 4.5% CAGR. The
report further reveals that sales of SBR
in footwear applications will net a little
over $115 million in global revenues by
the end of 2026.
Throughout the forecast period, the
global sales of styrene butadiene rubber
are expected to remain concentrated in
gion. Favorable industrial regulations in
these countries will continue to support
mass-scale production of SBR solutions
and emulsions. Moreover, India, South
Korea and China are at the forefront
of global automobile production. The
demand for SBR in these countries is
expected to be high compared to other
parts of the world. Through 2026, the
PDUNHWLQWKH$VLD3DFL¿FUHJLRQLVDQ-
ticipated to register a 4.6% CAGR. Sty-
rene butadiene rubber is also expected
to be in great demand in some parts of
North America, Europe, and Middle
East and Africa, according to the study.
Auto adhesives to grow
The automotive adhesives market is set
count for more than a two-thirds share WKH $VLD3DFL¿F H[FOXGLQJ -DSDQ UH- WR JURZ UDSLGO\ RYHU WKH FRPLQJ ¿YH
years as manufacturers move to light-
weight vehicle designs, meet increased
NR countries to slow down exports demand for CUVs and SUVs, and use
The International Tripartite Rubber Council, comprised of Thailand, Indonesia and D ZLGH UDQJH RI GL൵HUHQW PDWHULDOV DF-
Malaysia, has agreed to withhold natural rubber exports in an attempt to boost NR cording to a Smithers Apex report that
prices. The three countries will implement an agreed export tonnage scheme where forecasts a $7 billion market by 2022.
each is committed to withhold exports of 350,000 metric tons of NR through March The market for adhesives in automo-
31. This will be implemented through their respective domestic regulators, includ- tive applications is currently estimated
ing business commitments under existing forward contracts. Implementation will to be worth $4.33 billion in 2017, and is
be closely monitored by the ITRC Monitoring and Surveillance Committee. The forecast to reach $7 billion by 2022, at a
three countries will also cooperate to increase NR consumption domestically, and compound annual growth rate (CAGR)
DUHFRQ¿GHQWWKDW15SULFHVZLOOUHFRYHUDQGFRQWLQXHWREHIDLUDQGUHPXQHUDWLYH of 10.1%. By volume, the automotive
to all rubber smallholders and other stakeholders in the NR industry. adhesives market will increase from 637
metric tons in 2017 to 908 metric tons by
2022, at a CAGR of 7.4%.
Global TPE market to reach 5.1 percent CAGR For modern cars, manufacturers use a
The global thermoplastic elastomers market is expected to reach 7,505.08 metric range of materials besides steel sheets,
tons by 2024 from 5,100.00 metric tons in 2016, at a CAGR of 5.1% in the forecast including aluminium, thermoplastics
period 2017 to 2024, according to a report from Data Bridge Market Research. The DQGFDUERQ¿EHU7KLVPL[RIPDWHULDOV
major factors driving the growth of this market are TPEs substituting for thermo- is also held together by adhesives. Ma-
sets, increasing application from the HVAC/automotive industry, and growth in jor usage areas include adhesives and
end-use industries. On the other hand, unstable raw material prices may hinder the sealants for lighting; coatings and adhe-
growth of the market, according to the DBM study. sives for weatherstrip sealing; composite
The market is dominated by styrenic block copolymer (SBC), with a 45.7% mar- PDWUL[ UHVLQ IRU FDUERQ DQG JODVV ¿EHU
ket share in 2016, growing at the highest CAGR of 4.4% in the forecast period. composites; structural and elastic bond-
Besides substituting thermosets and increasing application from the HVAC/auto- ing solutions for metal and plastic com-
motive industry and growth in end-use industries, increasing applications in the ponents; sustainable metal pretreatments
medical industry and growing demand for bio-based thermoplastic elastomers will for corrosion protection of metal parts;
drive the market in the future. and primers and adhesives for glass
bonding.

12 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Silicone & Medical Update
Liquid silicone rubber eliminates post-curing
Wacker has introduced its Elastosil LR 5040 line of liquid
VLOLFRQH UXEEHU JUDGHV WR IXO¿OO WKH VWULQJHQW UHJXODWRU\ UH-
quirements that apply to silicone articles in many medical-
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5040 are said to feature excellent mechanical properties, even
without thermal post-treatment, and contain very few volatile
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LQJVWHSDIWHUIDEULFDWLRQLQPDQ\FDVHV
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product is said to feature excellent tear strength after curing,
allowing manufacturers of medical devices to dispense with
thermal post-treatment in many cases.
E-LR 5040 cures to a translucent elastomer whose volatiles
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level of tear resistance equivalent to that of post-cured high
tear strength standard materials. As a result, it can withstand
such mechanical stresses as may occur in the usage of medical
devices, for example.
These properties are said to make E-LR 5040 the material
TPEs for injection molded masks
Teknor Apex has introduced two new families of medical
grade thermoplastic elastomers for injection molded face
PDVNVLQFOXGLQJDGHIRUPDWLRQUHVLVWDQWVHULHVIRUÀH[LEOH
masks, and a series of gels that provide a gas-tight cushion
for rigid ones molded from polypropylene.
 7KH0HGDOLVW6HULHV73(VIRUÀH[LEOHPDVNVDUH
more deformation-resistant than PVC, and, as thermoplas-
tics, provide a more economical alternative to silicones. In
respiratory therapy oxygen masks, the Medalist TPEs are
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retain their shape during packaging and storage, without
need for inserts. Their PVC-like transparency facilitates
patient monitoring. Medalist 50100 Series compounds are
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The Medalist 10100 Series TPE gels for rigid mask cush-
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providing a less expensive alternative to the traditional air-
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rigid component. The super-soft cushion conforms to the
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of choice when manufacturers want to dispense with thermal
post-treatment altogether. Typical applications include anti-
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streamlined and automated to a high degree. This facilitates
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even under cleanroom conditions.
Toyoda Gosei licensing Slide-Ring
Toyoda Gosei and Advanced Softmaterials of Japan have con-
cluded an exclusive licensing agreement for the use and sale
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ment is limited to applications of the material in dielectric ac-
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with the aim of commercializing the Slide-Ring material de-
veloped at Tokyo University. It has acquired an exclusive li-
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from Tokyo University.
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molecular networks comprised of nano-sized "necklace" su-
pramolecules called polyrotaxane with crosslinking points of
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polymers. These molecules consist of polyethylene glycol
linear polymers, cyclodextrin ring molecules and adamantan-
amine stopper molecules.
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cyclic molecules (cyclodextrin) of a molecular necklace (poly-
rotaxane) was controlled and given free movement in a linear
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dextrin or a component of Slide-Ring material. Taking this as
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has unique mechanical properties that conventional plastics
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meric material with completely new functions.
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 The Rubber Economist
Rubber industry exhibits cyclical behavior
Is there regularity or predictability of variables influencing the
rubber industry? One sometimes hears comments such as “win-
tering is due, therefore the natural rubber (NR) supply should
be declining and the price firming up,” or “it is approaching
summer holidays in North America and Europe, thus rubber
demand should be falling and the prices are likely to be weaken-
ing.” What we would like to know is: “Do rubber demand, sup-
ply and prices move in a predictable behavior, or do they move
randomly, independent from just one or a few variables?” If we
look at the monthly growth rate of world rubber consumption
from January 1971 to December 2017, as shown in figure 1,
we can see the growth rate does move in a cyclical manner, and
the speed and length of the upturns and downturns are generally
quite similar.
Four elements of a time series
A time series is usually composed of four elements, including a
seasonal component, an irregular component, a long-term secu-
lar trend and a long-term cyclical movement. We will come to
discussing in detail the seasonal factors in the rubber industry
next, but to give you an example, one of the macro-economic
variables is the seasonal fluctuation of housing starts in the
USA, which usually peaks around April-June and reaches a
low around December-February. An irregular movement for the
rubber consumption was the financial crisis in 2008 and 2009,
which caused the growth rate to fall sharply in 2008 and 2009,
and an equally sharp increase in 2010 (figure 1). Many economic
variables and those related to the rubber industry, such as rubber
consumption, have long-term influencing trends, from the rising
level of the population to GNP.
Cyclical movements
If one takes away the seasonal factor, the irregular movement
and the long-term trends from a time series, such as the rubber
consumption growth rate, we will be left with a cyclical move-
Figure 1 - growth rate of world rubber
consumption, January ’71 - December ’17
20
15
10
Percent
5 rubber prices.
0 s If the stocks/consumption ratio may increase only marginally,
-5
-10
-15
Jan. '71 Jan. '81 Jan. '91 Jan. '01 Jan. '11
16 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
ment. In the past, a complete rubber consumption cycle was
about five years. However, the China effect during the 2000s,
Highlights
s The growth estimate for world rubber consumption this year
has been revised downward, but should still show a faster
rate than last year.
s The slower global growth rate is due to a lower forecast for
PRVWUHJLRQVLQFOXGLQJWKH$VLD3DFL¿F
s7KHPRUHSHVVLPLVWLFRXWORRNLVGXHWRDVORZHUUXEEHUR൵WDNH
for all four of the largest rubber consuming countries: China,
USA, India and Japan.
s7KHGRZQZDUGUHYLVLRQIRUWKHJOREDOUXEEHUR൵WDNHZDV
mainly a revision of a slower growth for NR.
s Despite the revision, consumption of NR is expected to be
more rapid than SR, bringing the percentage of global SR
consumption down by 2019.
s World NR production for this year is now expected to increase
HYHQIDVWHUWKDQSUHYLRXVO\HVWLPDWHGGHVSLWHDORZHU¿JXUH
for the output in the major producing countries.
s There is a detailed analysis: “Do rubber demand, supply and
prices move in a predictable behavior, or do they move very
much more randomly, independent from just one or a few
variables?”
s World SR output in 2017 is now expected to show an increase
even slower than last year, as all regions are expected to show
DQHJDWLYHJURZWKUDWHZLWKWKHH[FHSWLRQRI$VLD3DFL¿FDQG
Latin America.
s The picture on rubber stocks has changed from the last report,
DV15LVH[SHFWHGWRVKRZDVPDOOVXUSOXVUDWKHUWKDQGH¿FLW
The reason is that the increase in demand for NR has not been
as rapid as anticipated, and supply from smaller producers has
LQFUHDVLQJO\EHFRPHPRUHVLJQL¿FDQW
s Global NR stocks are now expected to increase and surpass
the record level reached in 2014.
s65GH¿FLWZLOOFRQWLQXHIRUWKHQH[WWKUHH\HDUVEULQJLQJ
global SR stocks down to the lowest level since 2001.
s Despite record levels expected for global stocks, the NR stock
to consumption ratio may not show a sharp rise.
s There may be a sharper decline in SR stocks in both absolute
and relative terms to consumption.
s NR prices have fallen quite sharply in recent months, e.g., the
average prices in November of STR20 fell to the lowest level
since September 2002.
s7KHUHKDVEHHQDORWRIQHZVDQGHYHQWVD൵HFWLQJUXEEHUSULFHV
but the gradual increase in the stock/consumption ratio was
OLNHO\WREHWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWIDFWRULQÀXHQFLQJWKHZHDN
the short term price outlook is not going to change much and
rubber prices may just remain at a relatively low level.
s There has also been a similar movement to NR of SR prices in
North America, Europe and Asia. For both NR and SR, the
latex was holding up better than the dried counterpart.
 The Rubber Economist
Figure 2 - seasonality of NR output Figure 4 - seasonality of NR consumption and
production
1.4 Indonesia
1.3 Malaysia 1.3
1.2 Thailand 1.2 Consumption
1.1 Production
1.1
1.0 1.0
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.7 0.8
0.6 0.7
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. 0.6
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
which was followed by the industrialization process in other
Asian countries, may have lengthened the cycle somewhat. The is a greater degree of seasonality for NR production than con-
usefulness of knowing a cyclical pattern of a variable such as sumption (figure 4). NR consumption generally peaks in March
rubber consumption is to have a general idea of its future direc- and declines in July and August when factories in many rubber
tion. Many of the rubber variables are analyzed using their cycli- consuming countries close for the summer holiday. December
cal patterns in the Rubber Economist forecasts. also sometimes shows relatively lower rubber consumption
because there are more holidays during the month.
Seasonality of NR output
Seasonality is a form of cyclical behavior that occurs on a regu- NR prices and seasonality of production/consumption
lar calendar basis. There is no doubt that in a typical year, NR Judging from the seasonality of NR production and consump-
output varies because of seasonal factors. The seasonal factors tion, NR prices should be strengthening in January because of
vary geographically and may change over time. For three major seasonally low stocks and increased buying interest due to sup-
Southeast Asia NR producing countries, Thailand, Indonesia and ply shortages anticipated in forthcoming months from the onset
Malaysia, the patterns of output are quite similar (figure 2). NR of the wintering season. The market can be quiet in February due
production generally peaks in January and declines over the next to the Chinese New Year. From February to May, there may be a
three months because of wintering of the rubber trees to reach the tendency for rubber prices to increase because of peak consump-
lowest level of production in April. It then recovers during May tion period and supply shortages due to seasonal low production
to July/August. Output tends to be relatively stable over the next during the wintering period. Then the prices may weaken from
two months or so, before rising towards the end of the year. June to August, as well as towards the end of the year, partly
because of the holiday season. Judging from the monthly aver-
Seasonality of NR consumption age TSR20 price in Singapore, shown in figure 5, there is some
Normally, NR rubber end-use production, and hence NR con- degree of seasonal influence on the NR price.
sumption, have a clearer seasonality pattern in Europe and North
America than in Asia (figure 3). It is also generally true that there Seasonality cannot always explain price movements
One cannot expect rubber prices to change in relation to sea-
sonality in NR output or consumption alone. As mentioned ear-
Figure 3 - seasonality of NR consumption lier, there are three other elements in a time series. The irregular
component was quite in evidence during 2008-2010 (financial
1.3 Germany crisis) and 2016-2017 (unseasonal rains and floods in Thailand,
1.2
Japan the release of stockpiles by the Thai government, and an increase
U.S.A. in speculative futures trading). Seasonal factors can generally
1.1 be predicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy, but irregular
movements are unforeseen. Long-term cyclical movements
1.0 and a long-term secular trend are not always easy to iden-
tify. Therefore, the factors underlying price movements are more
0.9 complex. Although demand and supply of NR are the ultimate
and the most important factors determining its price, factors such
0.8 as currency movements, psychological factors, economic and
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. political news, etc., can also have an impact on prices. As these

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 17

 The Rubber Economist
Figure 5 - monthly average TSR20 price in Figure 6 - seasonality of SR consumption and
Singapore production

2008 2009
6,000 2010 2011 1.2 Consumption
2012 2013
2014 2015 Production
5,000 2016 2017 1.1
$ per ton

4,000 1.0
3,000 0.9

2,000 0.8

1,000 0.7

0 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Ja

M
Ap .
M
Ju
Ju
Au
Se .
O
No
Fe

De
ct
ar

ay
n.

n.
l.

g
r.

p.
b.

v.
c.
or if the winter is mild. It is sometimes necessary to distinguish
.

between short-term or long-term and fundamental or normal

factors show little seasonal pattern, it is quite likely that one can
find that there is very little overall seasonality in rubber prices.
Furthermore, normally, seasonal factors are more or less taken
into account by market participants. NR prices can strengthen
or weaken because of unusually strong winter or wet weather,
influences on NR prices.
Seasonality of SR production and consumption
Let us turn to the seasonality of synthetic rubber (SR) consump-
tion and production, shown in figure 6. SR consumption rises in
the first three months of the year to the peak level in March, and
then declines over the next five months to reach the lowest point
at the height of the summer holidays in August. SR consumption
improves in September and October before slowing down again
during the last two months of the year.
The seasonal pattern of SR production tends to follow that
of consumption; e.g., they both peak in March and bottom out
in August. This is not the case for NR, shown in figure 4. This
is not surprising considering that SR is a petrochemical based
product and there is forward and backward integration of SR
manufacturers, while NR is a product of a tropical crop produced
by millions of small farmers.
Furthermore, production of NR shows a greater seasonality
pattern than that of SR. However, as expected, there is a similar-
ity in the seasonality of SR and NR consumption. Both NR and
SR are derived demand and a rubber product is bought because it
is required, and normally without concern for the type of rubber
used.

Conclusion
In conclusion, there is a degree of regularity or predictability in
rubber production and consumption, but not so much for rubber
prices.

Dr. Prachaya Jumpasut is the managing di-

rector of The Rubber Economist, a quarterly
analysis and forecast of the industry. The Rub-
ber Economist is a registered limited company
in the U.K., and is incorporated under the Com-
panies Act of 1985. Please email info@therub-
bereconomist.com for more information.

18 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Patent News For additional industry patent
information click here:

Butyl rubber ionomer-thermoplastic
graft copolymers and methods for
production thereof
U.S. patent: 9,815,929
Issued: November 14, 2017
Inventors: Conrad Siegers and Richard
Steevensz
Assigned: Lanxess
Key statement: The present invention
is directed to the functionalization of
butyl rubber ionomer and optionally
the grafting of polyamide to halobutyl
rubber ionomers. Specifically, dis-
closed are methods and products
resulting therefrom for creating func-
tionalized ionomers and grafting poly-
amide to halobutyl ionomers via reac-
tive extrusion. The process comprises
reacting a halobutyl polymer with at
least one nitrogen and/or phosphorous
based nucleophile to provide a halobu-
tyl ionomer comprising conjugated
diene units; grafting of an amine-reac-
tive dienophile to said ionomer to form
a functionalized ionomer; and option-
ally blending the resulting functional-
ized ionomer with polyamide.
System and method for high
throughput preparation of rubber-
modified asphalt cement
U.S. patent: 9,803,085
Issued: October 31, 2017
Inventor: Theodore P. Flanigan
Assigned: Wright Asphalt Products
Key statement: This invention encom-
passes rubber modified asphalt cement
compositions, as well as systems,
apparatuses, methods for preparing, as
well as methods for using rubber-mod-
ified asphalt cement compositions.
Tire with rubber tread of intermedi-
al and lateral zones with path of
least electrical resistance
U.S. patent: 9,809,058
Issued: November 7, 2017
Inventors: Roberto Cerrato Meza, Jun-
ling Zhao and Austin Gale Young
Assigned: Goodyear Tire & Rubber
Key statement: The invention relates
to a tire having a rubber tread of a cir-
cumferentially zoned tread. The tread
zones are comprised of three circum-
ferential load bearing zones, with each
zone containing a portion of the run-
ning surface of the tread, comprised of
a silica-rich intermedial rubber zone
positioned between and extending
beneath two carbon black-rich lateral
tread zones. The tread configuration
contains an underlying carbon black-
rich base rubber layer. The intermedial
and stratified lateral zones are com-
prised of rubber compositions having
differentiated rebound physical proper-
ties. A path of least electrical resis-
tance extends from a lateral carbon
black-rich rubber tread zone to the car-
bon black-rich tread base layer by an
extension of a lateral tread zone or by
an intermediate carbon black-rich rub-
ber bridge.
3 2 6
7A 7 7 7B
5A 5B
6A 6B
8A 8B
4
9 9
Combined tire
U.S. patent: 9,815,331
Issued: November 14, 2017
Inventor: Garyg Gong
Assigned: Xiamen Lenco
Key statement: Disclosed is a com-
bined tire, including a tire casing and a
core. The tire casing is an annular
member having a core groove around
the periphery; the core is an annular
member nested within the core groove
of the tire casing in an interference fit,
and forms a gap with the inner wall of

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20 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Patent News
the core groove of the tire casing. The ments and/or residues of expanded sol- when the modified polymer is formed
present invention can ensure high pro- ids, where the solids are selected from into a rubber composition, a rubber
duction efficiency. The tire casing and the group containing expandable composition containing the modified
the core of the present invention can graphite and microspheres. In some polymer, and a pneumatic tire in which
employ materials of different hardness, aspects, the microspheres include at the rubber composition is used. The
offering better comfort. least isobutane and/or isopentane as modified polymer of the present
blowing agents. The microspheres may invention is a modified polymer
also have a shell containing at least obtained by modifying a styrene-con-
one polymer, and in some cases the jugated diene copolymer (A) with a
polymer is at least one copolymer of nitrone compound (B). In the modified
acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate. The polymer, the content of styrene units in
self-sealing tire sealant may further the styrene-conjugated diene copoly-
include graphene structures. In some mer (A) is 10% by mass or greater,
aspects the interior of a pneumatic and the proportion of vinyl bonds
vehicle tire has the self-sealing tire among all the double bonds contained
sealant disposed on the inner surface, in the styrene-conjugated diene copo-
2 opposite the tire tread, and the layer lymer (A) is 5 mol % or greater.
13
12 22 thickness of the tire sealant may be
1 21 from 0.5 to 8 mm.
F
11
F 3 7
Modified polymer, rubber composi-
Self-sealing tire sealant and pneu- tion and pneumatic tire
matic vehicle tire U.S. patent: 9,803,031
U.S. patent: 9,802,446 Issued: October 31, 2017 4
Issued: October 31, 2017 Inventors: Ryota Takahashi, Manabu
2
Inventors: Markus Dahlke, Dieter Kato, Takahiro Okamatsu and Yoshiaki
Jeromin, Joe Guardalabene, Thomas Kirino
Volker, Fei Liu, Andreas Tyburski and Assigned: Yokohama Rubber
Martin Convey Key statement: The purpose of the 6
Assigned: Continental Reifen present invention is to provide a modi- 5 1
Key statement: Self-sealing tire seal- fied polymer that significantly reduces 6
ants are provided which contain frag- heat build-up due to the modification

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FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 21

Prediction of rolling resistance factor (RRF)
for conveyor belt cover compounds with a
rebound resilience tester
by S.L. Agrawal, B.B. Sharma and Virendra Rathod, Reliance
Industries Ltd., India
Energy consumption reduction is a national goal for many rea-
sons, from economic and national security to improving air qual-
ity and decreasing the greenhouse effect. An increase in the price
of energy is affecting consumers and businesses, and also con-
tributing to increases in the Consumer Price Index in the last few
years.
There has been significant technical progress in the transport
of bulk materials in the last few years. Conveyors have always
moved materials over uneven terrain, through mountain tunnels
and around horizontal curves; but today, the next step to im-
proved conveyor efficiency is the reduction of power required to
operate these high performance systems. Just as some tires pro-
vide lower rolling resistance, depending on their construction and
compounds, a conveyor belt can also be designed to provide
lower resistance as it rolls over the supporting idlers.
The factor energy efficiency (ref. 1) will gain significance in
the future as a criterion for the acquisition, and therefore as a
target value in the phase of development of technical systems, as
well as in the bulk materials handling technique. This tendency
will be determined on the one hand due to increasing energy
costs, which will focus more on the life cycle costs of machines
and systems when decisions of investment are made. On the
other hand, the general climate debate encourages ecological
thinking in the context of sustainable economic activities. The
ecological action, i.e., the economical handling of resources such
as electric current, which will also become more attractive finan-
cially in the future, as shown above, offers two advantages from
the entrepreneur’s point of view: The ecological necessity is now
also economically reasonable.
The belt conveyor system also has ecological advantages, as
shown in a case study by Zamorano (ref. 2), which provides a
comparison between a dumper and a belt conveyor system with
regard to the carbon dioxide emissions for two different con-
veyor lines.
Rubber is a viscoelastic material, and it has viscous as well as
elastic phases. Under deformation of rubber, energy input is in-
volved, part of which is returned when the rubber returns to its
original shape. That part of energy, which is not returned as me-
chanical energy, is dissipated in the form of heat in the rubber
(ref. 3).
Many rubber products are used for applications in which they
undergo rapid cyclic deformations at a certain range of frequen-
cy, e.g., tire sidewalls, or tread and engine mounts, which serve
the purpose of isolating engine vibration from a chassis or build-
ing. The dynamic mechanical properties are strongly dependent
on temperature, frequency, the presence of fillers and the extent
of deformation (refs. 3 and 4).
22 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
A variety of analytical and computational methods exists for
calculating the indentation rolling resistance of conveyor belts.
These include both one- and two-dimensional analytical ap-
proaches (refs. 5-9), and two-dimensional finite element methods
(refs. 10-12). One-dimensional Winker Foundation models pro-
vide a simple and direct way to analyze the rubber deformation.
Jonkers (ref. 13) focuses on the energy dissipation rate of the
cover material in a steady deformation cycle, whereas Lodewijks
(ref. 14) and others determine the power of the stress distribution
at the idler/backing interface. Direct indentation rolling resis-
tance measurement is practically limited to a small set of operat-
ing conditions compared to the wide range of loads on a belt
conveyor or the operating environment for a particular applica-
tion.
Analytical and computational methods rely on the measure-
ment of the dynamic mechanical properties of the bottom cover
compounds. These properties are typically measured using dy-
namic mechanical analysis (DMA) equipment. DMA machines
rely on time-temperature transformations to simulate high fre-
quency cyclic tests, where low frequency, low temperature data
are shifted along the frequency axis to simulate higher frequency
tests at the temperature being analyzed. The measured rubber
properties are then used in the theoretical models based on the
frequency of indentation and operating temperature.
A lower tan delta value is expected to provide lower rolling
losses on a field conveyor, and therefore less horsepower con-
sumed. Tan delta results can be gathered from tension, compres-
sion or shear methods. The tan delta component of energy loss is
a valuable tool for correlating rolling resistance of rubber com-
pounds (ref. 15).
A wide variety of experimental techniques for measuring
dynamic mechanical properties of rubber compounds has been
developed in research laboratories for specific investigations
(refs. 16-40).
In a rebound resilience tester, deformation is an indentation
due to a single impact. The ratio of energy returned to the energy
applied is termed the resilience. When deformation is an indenta-
tion due to a single impact, this ratio is termed the rebound resil-
ience. The value of rebound resilience for a given material is not
a fixed quantity, but varies with temperature, strain distribution,
strain rate, strain energy and strain history (ref. 41).
In a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA1000+), dynamic
properties are measured using a strip specimen between -20°C to
+70°C at 2% dynamic strain and 10 Hz frequency in tension
mode. The properties that can be measured in a dynamic me-
chanical analyzer (ref. 42) are as follows:
s Elastic or storage modulus, E’, is the real part of the com-
plex modulus, E*. It represents the rigidity of an elastic material
(elastic component) and is proportional to the maximum energy
stored during a load cycle.
 blacks (a major contributing
Table 1 - formulations used element to viscoelastic prop-
erties) are mixed in a 1.5 liter
Ingredients RRF1 RRF2 RRF3 RRF4 RRF5 RRF6 RRF7 RRF8 RRF9
Natural rubber 0.00 60.00 40.00 0.00 70.00 40.00 50.00 0.00 20.00 laboratory internal mixer and
PBR, Cisamer 01 0.00 40.00 10.00 0.00 30.00 60.00 50.00 100.00 80.00 are given in table 1. The mix-
Stylamer SBR1502 0.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ing is done following the
Stylamer SBR1783 137.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 power integrator method of
Carbon black 68.80 70.00 50.00 50.00 24.00 33.00 30.00 60.00 39.00 mixing. The discharged
Ppt. silica 0.00 10.00 13.00 0.00 18.00 12.00 14.00 0.00 8.00
Aromatic oil 0.00 16.00 18.00 0.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 15.00 2.00 compounds from the internal
Zinc oxide 3.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 mixer are sheeted out using a
Stearic acid 1.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 laboratory two-roll mill.
Antidegradants 2.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 The green compounds
Accelerator 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 0.9 2.0 are cured in an electrically
Soluble sulfur 1.75 1.90 2.00 1.75 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.50 1.00
heated laboratory hydraulic
curing press. The curing con-
dition maintained for deter-
Table 2 - prediction of rolling resistance factor (RRF) by rebound value mination of rebound resil-
ience is at 150°C for tc90 + 5
Sample Rebound at E’ measured E” measured RRF measured RRF predicted %
identification 25°C (%) by DMA by DMA by DMA by Rebound variation minutes and at 150°C for
(MPa) (MPa) tc90 + 2 minutes for dynam-
RRF1 37.6 13.01 5.72 0.187 0.175 -6.4 ic mechanical properties.
RRF2 41.3 15.99 6.10 0.151 0.158 4.6 The dynamic mechanical
RRF3 42.2 11.67 4.12 0.156 0.154 -1.3 properties are measured us-
RRF4 49.8 15.25 4.27 0.113 0.119 5.3
RRF5 56.8 7.10 1.16 0.085 0.087 2.4 ing a viscoanalyzer (Metra-
RRF6 58.7 8.27 1.31 0.078 0.078 0.0 vib DMA1000+) following
RRF7 58.9 8.70 1.48 0.083 0.077 -7.2 ASTM D 5992, and rebound
RRF8 59.3 8.98 1.48 0.079 0.076 -3.8 resilience is measured using
RRF9 61.0 10.11 1.62 0.074 0.068 -8.1 a rebound resilience tester
Correlation
coefficient (-) 0.99 following ISO 4662.
The rolling resistance fac-
tor is predicted by using lin-
s Viscous or loss modulus, E”, is the imaginary part of the ear regression analysis and R2 coefficient of regression (ref. 43)
complex modulus, E*. It represents the viscous component and with the help of equation B:
is proportional to the energy dissipated during a load cycle.
s/RVVIDFWRUWDQįLVWKHUDWLRRIWKHORVVPRGXOXV(RYHU Y=m*X+C (B)
the storage modulus, E'.
s Rolling resistance factor, RRF, is calculated as: Where, X is measured rebound resilience; Y is predicted rolling
resistance factor using rebound; m is slope of the trend line; and
RRF (measured by DMA) = (E”)/(E’)4/3 (A) C is intercept.

Experimental Results and discussion

Nine compounds having different rubber blends and carbon Rebound resilience at 25°C is measured by a rebound resilience
tester, and rolling resistance factor (RRF) is measured by a
DMA1000+. The predicted, measured and percent variations are
Figure 1 - linear regression analysis summarized in table 2.
The percent variations of measured and predicted rolling re-
RRF measured by DMA1000+

0.19
sistance factor values are calculated using equation C:
0.17
0.15 Percent variation = [(Predicted value – measured
0.13 value)/measured value] x 100 (C)
0.11
We have also calculated the correlation coefficient be-
0.09
y = 0.0046x + 0.3483 tween rebound resilience and RRF with a dynamic mechani-
0.07 R2 = 0.98 cal analyzer. The coefficient of correlation value is found to
0.05 be 99%.
35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0
Linear regression used for prediction of rolling resistance fac-
Rebound measured by rebound resilience tester tor and its coefficient of regression are mentioned in figure 1.

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 23

Conclusion
Rolling resistance factor (RRF) values measured by both pieces
of equipment show excellent correlation (coefficient of correla-
tion = 99%). The rolling resistance factor prediction by rebound
shows less than 10% variation as compared to the value mea-
sured by the DMA1000+. The dynamic mechanical analyzer
(DMA) is a very costly tester as compared to the rebound resil-
ience tester, and it is very difficult for small-scale rubber produc-
ers to measure dynamic mechanical properties with a DMA tes-
ter. Therefore, the above experiment will assist in predicting the
viscoelastic properties measured by DMA by simply measuring
through a comparatively much less expensive tester, the rebound
resilience tester.
References
1. W.A. Günthner, Ch. Tilke and S. Rakitsch, “Energy efficiency
in bulk materials handling,” Bulk Solids Handling, pp. 138-142,
Vol. 30, No. 3, 2010.
2. S. Zamorano, “Overland conveyors: A relevant tool in reduc-
ing environmental impact in the minerals industry,” Tagungs-
band BulkEurope 2008, Prague, 2008.
3. S. L. Agrawal, S.K. Mandot, S. Bandyopadhyay, R. Mukhopad-
hyay and A.S. Deuri, Rubber World, p. 28, Vol. 233, No. 1, Octo-
ber 2005.
4. P.R.S. Shaktawat, R. Mukhopadhyay and A.K. Kalidaha,
“Correlation between tan delta and heat build-up of tire compo-
nents,” p. 267, proceedings of the RubTech 2000 conference,
New Delhi, India, February 18-19, 2000.
5. S. Hunter, “The rolling contact of a rigid cylinder with a vis-
coelastic half space,” Journal of Applied Mechanics, pp. 611-
617, Vol. 28, 1961.
6. C. Jonkers, “The indentation rolling resistance of belt convey-
ors,” Fordern und Heben, pp. 312-318, Vol. 30, No. 4, 1980.
7. C. Spaans, “The calculation of the main resistance of belt
conveyors,” Bulk Solids Handling, pp. 809-826, Vol. 11, No. 4,
1991.
8. G. Lodewijks, “Dynamics of belt systems,” Ph.D. thesis, Delft
University of Technology, Netherlands, 1996.
9. X. Qiu, “Full two-dimensional model for rolling resistance:
Hard cylinder on viscoelastic foundation of finite thickness,”
Journal of Engineering Mechanics, pp. 1,241-1,251, Vol. 132,
No. 11, 2006.
10. C. Wheeler, “Analysis of the main resistances of belt convey-
ors,” Ph.D. thesis, The University of Newcastle, 2003.
11. F.A. Lynch, “Finite element method of viscoelastic stress
analysis with application to rolling contact problems,” Interna-
tional Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, pp. 379-
394, Vol. 1, 1969.
12. L. Nordell, “The power of rubber - part 1,” Bulk Solids Han-
dling, pp. 333-340, Vol. 16, 1996.
13. C.O. Jonkers, “The indentation rolling resistance of belt
conveyors - a theoretical approach,” Fordern und Heben, pp.
312-317, Vol. 30, No. 4, 1980.
14. G. Lodewijks: “The rolling resistance of conveyor belts,”
Bulk Solids Handling, pp. 15-22, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1995.
15. David Gallagher, International Rubber Conference, Mel-
bourne, Australia, October, 2000.
24 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
16. M.C. Putman and G. Bradnick, Rubber World, p. 37, Vol.
232, No. 6, September 2005.
17. S.L. Agrawal, S. Bandyopadhyay, S. Dasgupta and R. Muk-
hopadhyay, Rubber World, p. 31, Vol. 237, No. 4, January 2008.
18. L.E. Nielsen, Mechanical Properties of Polymers and Com-
posites, ch. 4, Dekker, New York, 1974.
19. A.C. Edwards and G.N.S. Ferrand, The Applied Science of
Rubber (W.J.S. Nauton, ed.), ch. 8, Arnold, London, 1961.
20. J.R. Scott, Physical Testing of Rubbers, p. 181, MacLaren,
London, 1965.
21. R.J. Schaefer, Rubber World, May 1994 to June 1995.
22. B. D’ Cruz, P.R.S. Shaktawat and R. Mukhopadhyay, “Char-
acterization, process design and performance prediction of
elastomeric material through simulation testing,” p. 358, pro-
ceedings of Asia RubTech Expo 2002 conference, New Delhi,
India, November 28-30, 2002.
23. J. S. Dick and H. Pawlowski, Rubber World, p. 21, Vol. 215,
No. 4, January 1997.
24. J. Frohlich and H.D. Luginsland, Rubber World, p. 28, Vol.
224, No. 1, April 2001.
25. H.G. Burhin, “Dynamic mechanical analysis for tire com-
pounds, processability and quality control,” p. 234, proceedings
of RubTech 2000, New Delhi, India, February 18-19, 2000.
26. J. Shim-Ton, K.A. Kennedy, M.R. Piggott and R.T. Wood-
hams, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, p. 88, Vol. 53, No. 1,
March-April 1980.
27. P. Kainradl and G. Kaufmann, “Viscoelastic properties of
truck tire compounds and the related heat build-up,” paper pre-
sented at a meeting of the Division of Rubber Chemistry, Ameri-
can Chemical Society, Cleveland, OH, October 12-15, 1971.
28. N.R. Manoj, S. Barman, R.D. Raut, B.C. Chakraborty, R.
Ramesh and R.M.R. Vishnubhatla, “Studies on viscoelastic ma-
terials for damping of structural vibration,” p. 342, proceedings
of Asia RubTech Expo 2002 conference, New Delhi, India, No-
vember 28-30, 2002.
29. T. Kurian, “Effect of plasticizers and filler on ionic thermo-
plastic elastomer based on EPDM,” p. 415, proceedings of the
International Rubber Conference (IRC98) held at Chennai,
India, December 7-9, 1998.
30. A.I. Medalia, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, p. 437, Vol.
51, No. 3, July-August 1978.
31. H. Takino, R. Nakayama, Y. Yamada, S. Kohjiya and T. Mat-
suo, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, p. 584, Vol. 70, No. 4,
September-October 1997.
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69, No. 4, September-October 1996.
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p. 170, Vol. 79, No. 1, March-April 2006.
34. L. Gonzalez, A. Rodiguez, J.L. De Benito and A. Marcos,
Rubber Chemistry and Technology, p. 266, Vol. 69, No. 2, May-
June 1996.
35. R.A. Francis, “Carbon silica dual phase fillers - applications
for enhanced performance,” p. 275, proceeding of the Interna-
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cember 7-9, 1998.
36 M. Hensel and K.H. Menting, “Improved processing of car-
(continued on page 30)
Characterization of rubber polymers
and compounds
by Alina K. Latshaw and Thomas Rauschmann, TA Instruments
Waters
Traditional rubber testing methods, such as Mooney viscometer
and MDR curemeter testing, have been used for several decades
to monitor the quality of mixed batches. However, as elasto-
meric product performance becomes more demanding, and
highly engineered materials are required to meet these demands,
testing methodologies with greater sensitivity to differences in
viscoelastic properties are essential.
Physical and structural properties of raw polymer lots, includ-
ing molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and the de-
gree of long-chain branching, are among the most influential
parameters linked to changes in bulk compound and flow behav-
ior. Differences in the polymer architecture directly impact pro-
cessability and flow behavior, such as flow rate, die swell, melt
stability, recoverable shear and internal stresses in blow molding,
injection molding, sheet forming, cable jacket extrusion, among
other production processes (refs. 1-3). Rheological characteriza-
tion utilizing a rubber process analyzer (RPA) provides a quick
and easy method to measure these properties, delivering a means
to understand polymer structure and develop bulk property-
structure relationships. These methods can provide production
engineers and compounders with invaluable, predictive informa-
tion regarding the processability of raw polymers and elasto-
meric compounds, which can be used to expedite and efficiently
develop solutions to processing problems.
This article provides insights into advanced rheological mea-
surements both in the linear viscoelastic, small-strain regime, and
in the nonlinear, high-strain regime, and how to correlate these
measurements to polymer chain architecture for elastomeric
products. We evaluate differences in polymer and rubber com-
pounds based on molecular weight, molecular weight distribu-
tion and long chain branching using a rubber process analyzer
(RPA). We present scenarios where the RPA was used to identify
key differences in samples which correlated to processing differ-
ences. Some of the testing techniques include standard frequency
sweeps and the linear and non-linear responses from standard
strain sweep experiments. Results from these tests are also com-
pared to standard tests such as Mooney viscosity and cure curves
from a moving die rheometer (MDR).
Experimental
The RPA Elite (TA Instruments, New Castle, DE) is an advanced,
rotorless rotational shear rheometer dedicated to the complete
viscoelastic characterization of polymers, rubber and rubber com-
pounds at all stages of manufacturing. The RPA Elite provides
invaluable data related to the viscoelastic behavior of materials in
the pre-cure state, through the curing process, and in situ cured
state. Samples are sealed in a biconical die and compressed under
high pressure forces, as is standard in the rubber industry. This
design provides a closed testing cavity which prevents melt frac-
ture at the sample edge, and compressive forces to prevent sample
slippage during testing. Both features are imperative for obtaining
accurate data in the non-linear regime, particularly during large
amplitude oscillatory strain (LAOS) testing. The viscoelastic
properties of EPDM, BR and rubber compounds were obtained in
the RPA using standard oscillation testing, such as frequency
sweeps and strain sweeps. Frequency sweeps were performed
from 0.0628 rad/s to 314 rad/s or 0.01 Hz to 50 Hz using an ap-
propriate strain amplitude within the linear viscoelastic regime of
the testing specimen, while strain sweeps were performed from
0.1° to 90° degrees of arc using an appropriate frequency of oscil-
lation. Approximately 5.5 grams of material (+\- 5%) were uti-
lized and compressed in the testing cavity using a clamping pres-
sure of 4.5 bar. Samples were allowed to relax for 10-15 minutes
in the testing cavity before viscoelastic measurements were per-
formed in order to allow ample time for any internal stresses ex-
perienced during the loading process to dissipate.
Results and discussion
Processing challenges with EPDM
In this example, the raw material supplier was switched from
EPDM 1 to EPDM 2. Both samples had similar product specifi-
cations, with Mooney viscosities equal to 65 MU, ethylene per-
cent around 50%, and the ENB content at 9% and 7.5%, respec-
tively. Despite similar specifications, compounds produced with
EPDM 2 experienced significant processing challenges, such as
difficulties with extrusion and oil incorporation. A frequency
sweep was used to measure the viscoelastic response of each
sample as a function of time or frequency. The complex viscos-
ity as a function of frequency is shown in figure 1A. The com-
plex viscosity is a measurement of a material's ability to flow. A
higher complex viscosity indicates the sample will exhibit a
greater resistance to flow compared to a sample with a lower
complex viscosity. Analyzing the complex viscosity as a function
of frequency can be used to understand the overall flow profile
of the polymer compound through a production process. For
example, both samples show shear thinning behavior, demon-
strated by the complex viscosity decreasing as the shear rate or
frequency increases. This correlates with a reduction in power
required to produce these materials, since materials of lower
viscosity generally require less energy to process compared to a
higher viscosity compound. EPDM 1 is shown to shear thin to a
greater degree, with the complex viscosity lower than EPDM 2
at the higher frequencies.
In addition to complex viscosity, data from a frequency sweep
can also be analyzed by plotting the tangent delta as a function of
frequency, shown in figure 1B. The tangent delta is simply the
ratio of the viscous modulus to the elastic modulus (G”/G’), and
is related to a material’s elasticity. We can see that the tangent
delta for both samples is similar at a shear rate around 1.6 1/s,
which correlates to the shear rate applied to a sample in a
Mooney test. This is expected, since both samples were shown to
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 25
 Figure 1 - data from a frequency sweep show the complex viscosity (A) and tangent delta (B)
as a function of shear rate for EPDM 1 and EPDM 2; the frequency spectra demonstrate
viscoelastic differences between the two materials, despite similar Mooney viscosity
specifications
106
A EPDM 1
Viscosity, K *(Pa.s)
105
104
103
0.01 0.1 1 0.01
Shear rate (1/s)
have a Mooney viscosity of 65 MU. Conversely, larger differ-
ences in behavior are observed at low shear rates, which are
equivalent to longer time scales. EPDM 1 shows a lower tan
delta value around 0.85 at the lowest tested shear rate, while
EPDM 2 is approximately 1.25. A smaller tangent delta value
indicates a larger amount of elasticity within the material, which
can correlate to a higher molecular weight or the presence of
branching. Significant differences in the complex viscosity and
tangent delta are observed at low frequencies which correlate to
long time scales, indicating that the polymer architectures, such
as molecular weight or degrees of branching, are different. Prob-
ing within the low frequency region yields information associ-
ated with molecular weight, which the Mooney test fails to
measure. The low frequency response is particularly useful for
Figure 2 - data from a strain sweep are
plotted as the elastic modulus (G’) and
tangent delta as a function of strain;
significant differences between EPDM 1
and EPDM 2 are observed at high strains,
in the non-linear regime
100
Shear modulus, G’ (kPa)
EPDM 1
EPDM 2
10
1 0
0.1 1 10
Strain (° of arc)
26 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
1.4
B
EPDM 2 1.2
1.0
Tan delta
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.1 1 10
Shear rate (1/s)
predicting the flow behavior of these materials in processes
where a low shear rate is experienced, such as during start-up of
the manufacturing processing, and especially as a material re-
laxes and flows within a mold.
A strain sweep was then used to investigate the presence and
degree of long chain branching between the two samples, shown
in figure 2. Both samples show similar behavior at small strains,
with the elastic modulus, G’, around 80 kPa at low strains. The
elastic modulus is related to the elastic component in the mate-
rial and correlates with the degree of structure within a material.
A high modulus value corresponds to a strong microstructure,
such as high molecular weight, a more rigid polymer chain
chemistry, or interactions between the polymer and additives. At
strains less than approximately 2° of arc, the modulus for both
samples is independent of strain. This is expected and is identi-
fied as the linear viscoelastic regime. At strains higher than the
critical strain of 2° of arc, both moduli decrease, showing a de-
pendence on strain. This region is known as the non-linear re-
gime and can provide insight into the branching nature of the
material. Significant differences between the two polymers are
observed as deviations in tangent delta at high strain amplitudes.
Testing at strains within the non-linear regime show greater sen-
sitivity to differences in polymer architecture.
10
9
Upon closer observation of the Lissajous plot at 90° of arc or
1,255% strain, which is constructed by plotting the transient
8
stress versus shear rate, as shown in figure 3, the difference in
Tan delta
7
6 sample response is apparent. It is known that a Lissajous plot
5 showing secondary loops is indicative of a linear polymer archi-
4 tecture, while the absence of secondary loops is characteristic of
3 a branched polymer architecture (ref. 4). The data show EPDM
2 1 to be a branched polymer compared to EPDM 2, which is a
1 linear polymer. Further quantitative analysis can be performed by
calculating a long chain branching (LCB) index number based
100
on the stress versus shear rate response (refs. 5 and 6). A negative
LCB index is indicative of a linear polymer, while branched
 Figure 3 - the raw stress versus shear rate Figure 4 - moving die rheometer (MDR) cure
plot, known as a Lissajous plot, shown for curves of two batches of rubber compound;
EPDM 1 and EPDM 2 at 90° of arc or 1,255% the minimum torque of both curves is
strain; secondary loops are observed for similar, indicating they should process
EPDM 2 and an absence of loops is seen for similarly; however, behavior in the
EPDM 1, indicating differences in the manufacturing process differed
presence of long chain branching
14
300,000
12
250,000
10
150,000

S’ (dNm)
8
100,000
Shear stress (Pa)

6
50,000
4
0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 2 Sample 1
-50,000 Sample 2
0
-100,000 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
EPDM 1 EPDM 2
-150,000 Time (minutes)
LCB 1.21 -1.25
-200,000
index
manufacturing process, cured more slowly than sample 2, which
-250,000
showed no processing issues. In addition, both curves show a
Shear rate (1/s) similar minimum torque around 1 dNm. The results from the
MDR tests were unable to distinguish the differences between
polymers are indicated by a positive value. In this case, EPDM 1 the materials, and were not showing the information needed to
has an LCB index of 1.21, while EPDM 2 has an LCB index of identify the root cause of the processing issues.
-1.25, confirming that EPDM 1 is a branched architecture, while Frequency sweep tests on the RPA were performed to charac-
EPDM 2 is linear. The branched nature of EPDM 1 is also veri- terize both samples and correlate differences in viscoelasticity
fied by a higher viscosity and lower tangent delta at low frequen- with their processing behavior. The complex viscosity is shown
cies, shown in the frequency sweep in figure 1, both of which are as a function of angular frequency in figure 5. Both samples
indicative of a material with more elasticity. In addition, EPDM
1 demonstrated a greater degree of shear thinning compared to
EPDM 2. Long chain branching can improve additive incorpora- Figure 5 - data from a frequency sweep
tion and a material’s ability to shear thin, which aids with pro- show the complex viscosity as a function of
cessing. The processing issues experienced when switching from angular frequency for samples 1 and 2;
EPDM 1 to EPDM 2 can be traced back to the lack of long chain the frequency spectra show similar
branching in EPDM 2. Testing on the RPA was used to help behavior in processability between both
troubleshoot and discover the root cause of the processing chal- samples, especially in the high shear rate
lenges after switching EPDM suppliers. Few other analytical range which correlates with flow behavior
techniques are available to practically characterize these impor- in an extrusion process
tant polymer properties.

Extrusion instability of a rubber compound

Not only can the RPA be used to troubleshoot issues in process-
Viscosity, K *(Pa.s)

ing by measuring the viscoelastic properties of the raw polymer

material, but it can also be used to measure the properties of
rubber compounds. Differences in viscoelastic properties can 104
lead to difficulties within the production process. In this example,
extrusion instabilities were experienced during production. One
batch of material processed with no problems, while the other
batch demonstrated scorch problems in the extruder, resulting in Sample 1
a product with orange skin or orange peel texture. Both batches Sample 2
103
of rubber were tested with the moving die rheometer (MDR),
1 10 100
with representative curves shown in figure 4. The cure curves
show that sample 1, which exhibited scorch behavior during the Angular frequency (rad/s)

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 27


Figure 6 - data from a frequency sweep
show the tangent delta as a function of
angular frequency for samples 1 and 2;
significant differences in the viscoelastic
response between the samples are
observed at low angular frequency, which
correlates with polymer architecture;
sample 1 shows a lower tangent delta
value, indicating a higher degree
of elasticity
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
Tan delta
show shear thinning behavior, with the complex viscosity de-
creasing as the angular frequency, and consequently shear rate,
increase. However, sample 1 is shown to have a slightly lower
viscosity at elevated frequencies, which corresponds to high
shear rates. Conversely, sample 1 also shows a higher viscosity
at the low angular frequencies, corresponding to a stronger resis-
tance to flow. This usually correlates with a higher degree of
elasticity. The difference in elasticity between the samples is
highlighted in figure 6, by replotting the same data as tangent
delta as a function of frequency. The tangent delta between both
samples is significantly different, with sample 1 showing a value
of 0.725 at 1 rad/s compared to 0.89 for sample 2. This indicates
sample 1 is more elastic compared to sample 2. The increase in
elasticity can be attributed to higher molecular weight or the
presence of long chain branching.
Further analysis included a large amplitude oscillatory shear
(LAOS) test on both samples, where the strain was varied from

0.6
0.5 0.3% to over 1,000% strain. The storage modulus (G’) and the
0.4 tangent delta for both samples are shown as a function of strain
percent in figure 7. Deviations in behavior are seen as the applied
0.3
strain increases in the non-linear regime. The storage modulus for
0.2 Sample 1 sample 1 remains higher than for sample 2, indicating a stronger
0.1 Sample 2 elastic structure within the material. As previously discussed, this
0 equates to a stronger microstructure, usually as a result of higher
1 10 100
molecular weight, polymer rigidity and additive interactions. This
Angular frequency (rad/s)
is also corroborated by the tangent delta signal, with sample 1
showing a lower tangent
delta, which corresponds to a
Figure 7 - data from a strain sweep are plotted as the elastic modulus larger degree of elasticity.
(G’) and tangent delta as a function of strain; significant differences The data at 90° of arc, or
between the rubber compound samples are observed at high strains; in strain percent of 1,255%, can
the non-linear regime, the Lissajous plot shown for both samples at be recast by plotting the tran-
90° of arc (inset) indicates differences in long chain branching and sient shear stress against the
energy dissipated during the applied oscillation shear rate in the Lissajous
plot. The long chain branch-
6 ing index can be calculated
Sample 1 from the Lissajous plot. Both
Sample 2 Lissajous plots show a lack
Sample 1 Sample 2 of secondary loops, indicat-
5
LCB index 2.73 0.18 ing the presences of long
chain branching. This is con-
Shear modulus, G’ (kPa)

Wdiss 177 J 169 J

4 firmed with positive long
Strain 90.018 (Grad.)
chain branching index values
Tan delta

150,000
of 2.73 and 0.18 for samples
100,000
Stress, V (Pa)

10 3 1 and 2, respectively. The

50,000
long chain branching index
0
-50,000 indicates that sample 1 has a
100,000 2 higher degree of long chain
branching compared to sam-
-20 -10 0 . 10 20 ple 2, which was confirmed
Shear rate, J(1/s)
1 through the tangent delta
value in the frequency and
amplitude spectra. Recall,
1 0 sample 1 demonstrated a
0.1 1 10 100 1,000 lower tangent delta, which
Strain (%) corresponds to a higher de-
gree of elasticity.

28 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Figure 8 - the tangent delta and long chain branching (LCB) index before and after the mixing
simulation for two samples of butadiene rubber are shown; the viscoelastic properties of BR 1
are relatively unaffected by shear and temperature, while BR 2 shows a significant change,
indicating some instability within the material

5.0 8 Before aging

Before aging
After aging After aging
4.0
6

LCB index
Tan delta

3.0
4
2.0

2
1.0

0.0 0
BR 1 BR 2 BR 1 BR 2

The presence of long chain branching contributes to the elas-
tic character of the material. Usually, the presence of long chain
branching improves processability; however, process engineers
saw challenges and scorching problems with sample 1, despite
the higher degree of long chain branching. The work dissipated
during oscillation and shear can be calculated from the Lissajous
plot by measuring the area within the ellipse when plotting tran-
sient stress against strain. This work is associated with viscous
heating; this heat must be removed from the material or it will
result in local temperature rise. Analysis at 90° of arc, or strain
percent of 1,255%, shows the work dissipated to be 177 J and
169 J for samples 1 and 2, respectively. Compared to sample 2,
sample 1 shows a larger amount of energy dissipated at high
shear which is akin to the shear rates experienced within the ex-
truder. The larger amount of energy dissipation could cause local
temperature increase within the sample as it is sheared within the
extruder.
Despite the MDR cure curve showing sample 1 would cure
more slowly, local temperature elevations within the sample as a
result of energy dissipation from the induced shear in the ex-
truder could result in scorching of sample 1 during the extrusion
process. The RPA was able to quantify differences between the
two rubber compounds and help process engineers optimize their
processing conditions by decreasing the extruder speed, and then
re-evaluating the compound formulation.

Figure 9 - the percent change in BR 1 and
BR 2 due to the simulated mixing step is
shown; the tangent delta and LCB index in
BR 1 are unaffected, with a percent change
less than 3% and 15%, while the
viscoelastic properties for BR 2 are highly
affected, with changes on the order of 50%
and 100%
120
Difference before/after aging (%)
Stability differences in BR from different suppliers
For some polymers, such as BR, SBR and NBR, it is important
to understand the amount of aging experienced when subjected
to shear and temperature, such as in a mixing process. In this
case, the RPA can be used to stress the polymer under high shear
and temperature, mimicking the mixing procedure while evalu-
ating the changing of the structure of the polymer by measuring
the viscoelastic properties. With a proper testing method, the
RPA can be used to characterize a material before the mixing

process, simulate a mixing procedure, and then characterize the

101.74
100 Tan delta material after the mixing simulation, all in one test. Two samples
LCB index of BR containing the same specifications of 45 MU, cis-1,4
80 content % > 96 were obtained from different suppliers. The
aging process was simulated in the RPA by applying an oscilla-
60 53.76 tory strain of 400% at 1 Hz over 10 minutes at 150°C. The vis-
coelastic properties were measured using a frequency sweep
40
and amplitude sweep before and after the aging process. The
20 14.45 tangent delta and long chain branching index before and after
2.74 the aging process are shown in figure 8. The viscoelastic proper-
0 ties for BR 1 were not significantly changed during the simu-
BR 1 BR 2 lated mixing step, with the tangent delta remaining around 2.5
and the LCB index increasing by less than 1. However, the

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 29

tangent delta for BR 2 after the simulated mixing step decreased
from over 4 to below 3, and the LCB index increased from less
than 4 to over 7, indicating a significant change in polymer ar-
chitecture due to the mixing process. The changes in BR 1 for
tangent delta and the LCB index were less than 3% and 15%,
respectively. In comparison, the tangent delta changed over 50%
and LCB index over 100% for BR 2, shown in figure 9. The
decrease in tangent delta and increase in LCB index correspond
to an increased degree of branching after the mixing step. It is
known that for some butadiene rubber samples, a shear-induced
reaction can occur on the carbon-carbon double bond on the
backbone, which can create long chain branches in the polymer,
depending on the stabilization method used during synthesis.
Testing these two butadiene rubbers shows BR 2 to be less sta-
ble than BR 1. Quantifying and measuring the changes in poly-
mer architecture due to the mixing process can help process
engineers screen early in the manufacturing process and make
adjustments as needed.
Summary
The RPA can be used to measure the viscoelastic properties of
rubber compounds and raw polymers as a function of shear rate
and deflection, which are directly linked to flow and processing
behavior. Data obtained from frequency sweeps and amplitude
sweeps can be used to identify differences in polymer architec-
ture, such as the presence of long chain branching and variations
in molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. Testing
on the RPA was able to distinguish differences in EPDM lots
from varying suppliers and rubber compounds where the stan-
dard Mooney and MDR tests failed.
In addition, the RPA could be used to simulate the mixing
process by inducing shear at a controlled temperature. Viscoelas-
tic testing before and after the simulated mixing step could be
Blue Book, Rubber Red
Book and the Chemical
Resistance Guide for
Elastomers
Buy online at Website:
www.rubberworld.com
Magazine’s
Blue Book
Materials, compounding ingredients, machinery and services for the rubber industry.
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NE ION
DIT
E 43. Richard I. Levin and David S. Rubin, Statistics for Manage-
A Lippincott and Peto Publication
30 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
used to measure the stability of butadiene rubbers and identify a
lack of polymer stability due to an increase in long chain branch-
ing.
Understanding the flow behavior of a material over several
shear rates is becoming more important, since a wider variety
of synthesis techniques with varying catalysts is now being
used, which can lead to an array of viscoelastic properties from
supplier to supplier and even batch to batch. Testing data from
an RPA can be used to identify variations in polymer architec-
ture, providing insight to the flow behavior so production pa-
rameters can be optimized in advance, and waste can be re-
duced.
References
1. H.A. Barnes, An Introduction to Rheology, Elsevier, 1989.
2. C.W. Macosko, Rheology: Principles, Measurements and Ap-
plications, VCH Publishers, New York, 1994.
3. N.W. Tschoegl, The Phenomenological Theory of Linear Vis-
coelastic Behavior, Chapter 9, pp. 443-483, Springer-Verlag,
1989.
4. R.H. Ewoldt and G.H. McKinley, Rheol Acta (2010), 49: 213,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-009-0408-2.
5.F.J. Stadler, A. Leygue, H. Burhin and C. Bailly (2008), “The
potential of large amplitude oscillatory shear to gain an insight
into the long-chain branching structure of polymers,” In: The
235th ACS national meeting, polymer preprints ACS, vol. 49,
New Orleans, LA, pp 121-122.
6. H.G. Burhin, C. Bailly, R. Keunings, N. Rossion, A. Leygue
and H. Pawlowski (2008), “A study of polymer architecture with
FT-rheology and large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS),” In:
XV International Congress on Rheology: The Society of Rheol-
ogy 80th Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, The Society of Rheol-
ogy, Abstract Booklet, EM18.
Prediction of rolling resistance
(continued from page 24)
bon silica dual phase filler in green tire tread formulations,” p.
342, proceedings of the International Rubber Conference
(IRC98), Chennai, India, December 7-9, 1998.
37. J.E. Bice, S.D. Paktar and T.A. Okel, Rubber World, p. 58,
Vol. 217, No. 1, October 1997.
38. L. Ladouce-Stelandre, Y. Bomal, L. Flandin and D. Labarre,
Rubber Chemistry and Technology, p. 145, Vol. 76, No. 1, March-
April 2003.
39. M. Gerspacher, C.P. O’Farrell, H.H. Yang and L. Nikiel,
Rubber World, p. 27, Vol. 220, No. 1, April 1999.
40. C.R. Stone, M. Hensel and K.H. Menting, Kautschuk Gummi
Kunststoffe, p. 568, Vol. 51, No. 9, 1998.
41. Instrument User Manual for Rebound Resilience Tester
(EKT-2108-RR), Cat. No. ekt-1005-1e from Ektron Tek Co. Ltd.,
Taiwan.
42. Dynatest Software User Manual for DMA1000+ Model from
Metravib R.D.S., France.
ment, 7th Edition, 1998.
Rheology of EPDM compounds made of
equal Mooney, equal composition
polymers: Differentiation beyond typical
EPDM parameters
by Juan Tuberquia, Colin Li Pi Shan, Sharon Wu, Greg Li,
Lena Nguyen, Teresita Kashyap, Tianzi Huang, David Gil-
lespie, Cory Thomas and Kristel Blackwell, Dow Chemical
EPDM rubber has a proven track record of more than 50 years,
which has resulted in today’s availability of more than 200 grades
within a broad window of Mooney viscosity, ethylene and diene
content. From the polymer architecture point of view, EPDM of-
ferings have been traditionally defined by the capabilities of the
Ziegler Natta catalysts and process. However, the scope of poly-
mer architectures expanded in 1997 with the appearance of metal-
locene catalysts, and today with advanced molecular catalysts
(AMC) and state-of-the-art solution process technology.
Based on the broad selection of EPDM, a key question fo-
cuses on understanding if comparable polymers (similar Mooney
viscosity and composition) can be considered a “drop in” for
processing and performance. There are multiple aspects to con-
sider in addressing this question; however, the first of them is to
have a base understanding that the polymer architecture attempts
to balance a high molecular weight fraction responsible for good
physical properties and high filler loading, and a low molecular
weight component that reduces overall polymer viscosity to
favor processability. As expected, complexity increases with not
only composition, but also as branching (ref. 1) is considered as
the discussion of how to define polymer architecture.
In this scenario of multiple options, when a rubber chemist is
confronted with choosing a polymer, three additional questions
should be considered: 1) How is it possible to categorize any
molecular weight distribution and LCB combinations? 2) How
does such categorization relate to processability and performance
properties? 3) Besides the specific window of possibilities tradi-
tionally available, what other polymer architectures are available
today? A few hints to address these questions were discussed in
previous research (ref. 1) after exemplifying how Mooney vis-
cosity is an insufficient predictor of the polymer molecular
weight and how other architectural parameters such as molecular
weight distribution and long-chain branching needed to be con-
sidered. For that purpose, a series of 32 Mooney, EP polymers
Figure 1 - key degrees of freedom to define
the polymer architecture and composition
of EPDM
Low MW component
High MW component
Weight fraction

part of the design. In this article, branching is an architectural Long chain

parameter defined by the presence of polymer branches, their branching
frequency per chain, their length, and how much of the popula-
tion has a branched character. Branching can manifest as a rheo-
logical effect, such that with the increase of any of these features, ENB composition
the higher the viscosity, the elasticity and the shear thinning be-
havior. This situation can be exemplified, as shown in figure 1, C2 composition
after considering a specific EPDM with an average Mooney
viscosity (MV), ethylene (C2) and diene content made of high
and low molecular weight components that can be individually Molecular weight (MW)
tailored. As shown in figure 1 and table 1, if we use the weight Low High
fraction, the molecular weight, the composition (diene,
C2), and the degree of branching of one of the components
as degrees of freedom, there would be more than 100 dif- Table 1 - selected examples of the degrees of
ferent ways to design a single polymer. Such an example freedom that define the polymer architecture and
uses two levels of variation for both molecular weight and composition of EPDM
long chain branching (LCB), and three levels for weight
High MV component versus low MV component
fraction, diene and C2 content. Such a level of variation is
Variable Weight Molecular Diene C2 Overall
relative between the high and low molecular weight com-
fraction fraction content content LCB
ponents and defined as: 1) high, 2) low and 3) “same,”
3 2 3 3 2
which refers to equal relative amounts. The situation ex-
plains how, in addition to the traditional parameters Levels High High High
High Low
(Mooney viscosity [ref. 2], C2, diene), both molecular Same
Low
Same Same
High
weight distribution and branching have been brought to Low Low Low

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 31

with a high ethylene content (80% ethylene) were characterized
and compounded using a 210 phr rubber-rich formulation. Dif-
ferences in the mixing profile among the samples were attributed
to their distinct rheological profile, with the highly elastic poly-
mer exhibiting fast filler breakup and incorporation, rapid tem-
perature rise and fast transition to the final power uptake plateau.
Despite these appreciable observations, a couple of aspects re-
quire further consideration: 1) the effect of crystallinity above
room temperature (CATR), and 2) access to higher molecular
weights to better decouple molecular weight distribution and
LCB.
Evaluating every single variation of the polymer architecture
at a fixed overall composition and Mooney viscosity is impracti-
cal; however, we can categorize both molecular weight distribu-
tion and LCB at two extreme levels (low and high) to probe their
effect. For this purpose, in this article, MWD' is defined as the
Mz/Mn ratio measured by GPC to capture the low and high aver-
age molecular weights characteristic of a distribution. Molecular
weight distribution (MWD') for the polymer set evaluated in the
previous study was below 7 (ref. 1). As mentioned, branching
translates into a rheological effect and can be captured by any
bulged after the trimming step to a test gap of 2 mm. The method
had an additional five minute delay built in to allow the system
to reach thermal equilibrium. Tests were performed under a ni-
trogen atmosphere.
Mooney viscosity (ML1+4) of the EPDM rubbers was mea-
sured at 125°C, and that of the compounds at 100°C in accor-
dance with ASTM D1646-04, with a one minute preheat time
and a four minute rotor operation time. The instrument was an
Alpha Technologies Mooney viscometer MV2000E.
A high temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC)
system consists of an infrared concentration/composition detec-
tor (IR-5) and three Agilent mixed B 10 um columns. The carrier
solvent was 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB). The main oven was
operated at 150°C. The sample solutions were made at a concen-
tration of 2 mg/mL by dissolving samples for two hours at
160°C. The injection volume was 200 μl, and the flow rate was
1.0 mL/minute. The GPC column set was calibrated by narrow
polydispersity polystyrene standards, then we converted the PS
molecular weight to polypropylene relative molecular weight
using the universal calibration concept. The IR-5 composition
mode was calibrated using a PE reference (0% of propylene) and
YLVFRVLW\DWVKHDURUH[WHQVLRQHODVWLFLW\7DQį¨į9DQ*XUS a PP reference (100% of propylene). The calibration and the
Palmen plot) (ref. 3), or shear thinning indicator. Out of these, calculation of wt% of co-monomer at each elution component
elasticity was selected as an LCB indicator measured by dy- were performed using the response ratio of the methyl window
QDPLFPHFKDQLFDOVSHFWURVFRS\'06DWƒ&DVWKH¨įRU
difference in the phase angle at 0.1 and 100 Rad/s. In this article,
we focus on the effect of mixing for both amorphous (A) and
semicrystalline (SC) EPDM polymers at a constant Mooney
viscosity of 70, and an ethylidene norbornene (ENB) content of
5%. This study first focused on amorphous polymers in the C2
window from 46-54% for simplicity, as any effect of crystallinity
is negligible. Analysis intends to provide an integral view of the
mixing process in a high filler formulation (425 phr), by not only
focusing on the temperature rise and power uptake, but also in-
corporates RAM distance information to provide an idea of
mixer volume utilization. Subsequently, the article compares the
mixing of the semicrystalline polymers within a C2 window
from 69-71%. Mixing semicrystalline grades has an additional
complexity component from the remaining crystallinity above
room temperature (CATR). For this reason, before making any
observations about the effect of polymer architecture, both the
effect of CATR and that of the formulation are considered.
Experimental section
Characterization methods
The elasticity effect of representative polymer examples was
EDVHGRQWKHLU¨įRUGLIIHUHQFHLQWKHSKDVHDQJOHDWDQG
Rad/s obtained by a dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS)
frequency sweep test at 190°C at a strain of 5%. Tests were per-
formed on stainless steel parallel plates of 25 mm diameter by
using strain controlled rheometers (ARES-G2 by TA Instru-
ments). Compression molded disks were prepared on a Carver
press at 190°C and 25,000 psi for five minutes; samples were
cooled down to room temperature on a counter top. Disks of 3.3
mm thickness were placed between parallel plates at 190°C and
squeezed to a gap of 2.1 mm. The excess material was trimmed
after the normal force relaxed below 300 g. The sample was
32 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
over methylene window of the IR-5 composition detector.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is used to measure
crystallization behavior of polymers. The sample is first melt
pressed (25,000 pounds for about 10 seconds) into a thin film, at
about 175°C, and then cooled to room temperature. About 5 to 8
mg of polymer film sample is cut with a die punch and is
weighed and placed into a DSC pan. The lid is crimped on the
pan to ensure a closed atmosphere. The sample pan is placed into
a calibrated DSC cell purged with nitrogen gas, and then heated
at a rate of approximately 10°C/minute to a temperature of
180°C. The sample is kept at this temperature for three minutes.
Then the sample is cooled at a rate of 10°C/minute to -40°C to
record the crystallization trace, and kept isothermally at that
temperature for three minutes. The sample is next reheated at a
rate of 10°C/minute until complete melting. Crystallization
above room temperature (CATR) was calculated as the enthalpy
above 25°C during the second heat.
EPDM selected examples
Based on their GPC and rheology characterization, polymers
were categorized at two extreme levels of MWD' (broad: bMWD'
and narrow: nMWD') and elasticity (high: HE and low: LE). For
this purpose, MWD' was defined by the Mz/Mn ratio measured
by GPC, and elasticity of representative polymer examples was
EDVHGRQWKHLU¨įRUGLIIHUHQFHLQWKHSKDVHDQJOHDWDQG
Rad/s measured by dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS) at
190°C. Polymers A/bMWD'/HE and SC/bMWD'/HE are com-
mercially available Ziegler Natta EPDMs. The rest of the poly-
mers discussed throughout this document were made with InSite
advanced molecular catalyst (AMC) technology. Both amor-
phous and semicrystalline polymers used in this document have a
Mooney viscosity of 70, and an ethylidene norbornene (ENB)
content of 5%. C2 variation for the amorphous polymers ranged
 Table 2 - composition, MV, MWD' and the Figure 2 - categorization of elasticity and
¨į information for four amorphous and molecular weight distribution
four semicrystalline, 70 MV, 5% ENB
polymers

Molecular weight distribution

Polymer type % C2 % ENB MV Mz/Mn ¨į CATR, Broad
J/g
A/bMWD'/HE 54.0 4.5 73 10.3 0.2 --
A/bMWD'/LE 47.1 4.8 69 8.7 0.9 --
A/nMWD'/HE 46.4 5.1 68 5.5 0.4 --
A/nMWD'/LE 50.1 5.0 72 5.1 0.8 --
SC/bMWD'/HE 71.0 4.6 72 8.9 0.2 18.7 Narrow
SC/bMWD'/LE 70.7 4.7 71 10.0 1.5 28.3
SC/nMWD'/HE 69.7 4.8 65 6.1 0.2 15.3
SC/nMWD'/LE 70.8 4.9 72 5.7 0.7 23.3
Low High
from 46-54%, while for Elasticity
Table 3 - compound the semicrystalline from
formulation 69-71%. The characteris- make these polymers reveals the Ziegler Natta examples exhibit
tics of these polymers are the bMWD'/HE combination, while AMC examples exhibit the
Ingredient Phr
Rubber 100 shown in tables 2 and 4. nMWD'/LE combination. Interestingly, the graph also reveals
N-660 carbon black 156 that the AMC catalyst system enables the access to two unprec-
Oil 104 Compound preparation edented architecture combinations: the broad MWD', low elastic-
Atomite 45 Compounds were pre- ity (bMWD'/LE) and the narrow MWD', high elasticity (nMWD'/
Zinc oxide 10 pared using the upside HE). As mentioned in a previous study, these examples clearly
Calcium oxide 10
Sulfur 1.5 down material addition show how, in addition to MV, additional parameters such as Mz/
Total 426.5 method where fillers and 0QDQG¨įDUHUHTXLUHGWREHWWHUGHVFULEH(3'0SRO\PHUV
oil were first added to a As a result of the MWD' and elasticity differences between
1.6 L Farrell Banbury the polymers described in this article, we focus the attention on
mixer (BR 1600) at a rotor speed of 50 rpm and mixed with the their mixing behavior. We first focus on the analysis of amor-
ram up for up to one minute. Subsequently, the polymer was phous polymers for simplicity, as any effect of crystallinity is
added to the bowl and the ram was brought to closure. The mix- practically negligible in the C2 window from 46-54%. Analysis
ing time was set at four minutes to ensure complete incorporation intends to provide an integral view of the mixing process by not
and dispersion of the formulation components. Mixing was only focusing on the temperature rise and power uptake, but also
completed on a 6” two-roll mill. incorporates ram distance information to provide an idea of
mixer volume utilization. All polymers in this study were mixed
Results and discussion using the formulation in table 3. Formulations were mixed in a
As mentioned, one of the purposes of this article is to categorize 1.6 L internal mixer for four minutes using an upside down
two extreme levels of MWD' (broad: bMWD' and narrow: method. The internal mixer was instrumented to record mixing
nMWD') and elasticity (high: HE and low: LE) in an effort to power, temperature rise, ram position and energy consumption
compare distinct polymer architectures. For this purpose, MWD' during compounding, as shown in figure 3.
is defined by the Mz/Mn ratio measured by GPC, and elasticity The figure shows the evolution of power, temperature, ram
LQIRUPDWLRQLVFDSWXUHGE\WKH¨įRUGLIIHUHQFHLQWKHSKDVHDQJOH position and total energy consumption over time for the four
at 0.1 and 100 Rad/s measured by dynamic mechanical spectros- amorphous samples. In terms of the power consumption, the four
copy (DMS) at 190°C. Table 2 shows the composition, the MV samples exhibited a single peak related to filler incorporation
LQIRUPDWLRQWKH0:'
DQGWKH¨įLQIRUPDWLRQIRUIRXUDPRU- right after the ram closed, followed by a gradual decay until it
phous and four semicrystalline, 70 MV, 5% ENB polymers. As reaches a plateau at around 3 kW at the end of the mixing cycle.
shown, the C2 range for the amorphous grades ranges from 46% This decay is comparable for all samples, except for the bMWD'/
to 54%, and that for the semicrystalline grades has a tighter range
from 69% to 71%. The MWD' represented by the Mz/Mn ranged
from 5 for nMWD' to 11 for bMWD' polymers. In the case of Table 4 - characteristics of two
HODVWLFLW\WKH¨įZDVVHOHFWHGDPRQJRWKHU/&%LQGLFDWRUVDQG semicrystalline, bMWD'/LE, 70 MV, 5% ENB
its values ranged from 1.5 for LE to about 0.2 for HE. polymers with two levels of crystallinity at
To categorize the extremes represented by the selected poly- 71% and 66% C2
mer examples, figure 2 plots Mz/Mn based on their elasticity.
The figure shows four distinct regions representing elasticity: Polymer C2 MV Mz/Mn ¨į Temp.,°C CATR, J/g
P1 70.7 71 10.0 1.5 43.2 28.3
MWD' combinations, each one having an amorphous and a P2 65.8 69 12.7 1.5 9.3 3.8
semicrystalline example. A look at the catalyst system used to

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 Figure 3 - mixing profile of the amorphous, constant Mooney viscosity EPDM samples

8 25
7.5
7 LE HE
6.5 bMWD' 20

Ram distance (mm)

6
5.5
5 nMWD' 15
KW (kW)

4.5
4
3.5 10
3
2.5
2 5
1.5
1
0.5 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 0 20 40 60
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)
115 0.75
110 0.7
105 0.65

Total specific energy (kJ/kg)

100 0.6
Batch temperature (°C)

95 0.55
90
85 0.5
80 0.45
75 0.4
70 0.35
65 0.3
60 0.25
55 0.2
50
45 0.15
40 0.1
35 0.05
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)

considered fast to mix; however, an integral view of the mixing

Table 5 - carbon black to oil ratios used to
explore the effect of formulation on the
mixing profile
Samples S2 S3 S4 S5
CB/oil 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2
MV 55.4 49.9 44.4 38.9
HE polymer, which exhibited a slower decay. Evolution of the
batch temperature corresponded to the power uptake profile,
with samples exhibiting a drop temperature between 105 and
115°C. The corresponding higher dropping temperature for the
bMWD'/HE polymer shows the tendency of this type of elastic
material to develop more shear heating relative to the other poly-
mers. Similarly, bMWD'/HE also took the longest of all samples
to bring the ram to closure in the first minute of the mixing cycle.
Note that a common practice in the industry is to complete the
mixing cycle based on the batch temperature. The dropping tem-
perature is a tight window, typically above 90°C and below
125°C for fully formulated, one pass mixing to balance the good
mixing/dispersion of all ingredients in the formulation and mix-
ing process safety (scorch safety). The mixing profile from this
study shows that the bMWD'/HE polymer would have been
parameters showed that this polymer was slower to incorporate
other ingredients in the mixing volume, and had a higher ten-
dency to convert the mechanical energy of the mixing into ther-
mal energy (heat).
S6 After establishing the profile of amorphous polymers, we
1
30.8
move forward and compare the mixing of semicrystalline poly-
mers within a C2 window from 69-71%. Mixing semicrystalline
grades has an additional complexity component from the remain-
ing crystallinity above room temperature (CATR). For this reason,
before making any observations about the effect of polymer archi-
tecture, both the effect of CATR and that of the formulation were
considered. To evaluate the effect of CATR, table 4 shows the
characteristics of two semicrystalline polymers at 71% and 66%
C2, both exhibiting a bMWD'/LE architecture at 70 MV and 5%
ENB. Similar to the amorphous polymers, these two were mixed
in a similar fashion using the recipe in table 3. The effect of the
formulation in the mixing profile is assessed by modifying the
recipe in table 3 to expand the carbon black (CB) to oil ratio from
1 to 1.5 using a polymer similar to the P1 shown in table 4.
Figure 4 shows the effect of CATR on the mixing of bMWD'/
LE polymers with a Mooney viscosity of 70. The figure shows
that the low CATR polymer (P2) exhibited a similar mixing
profile to the amorphous 70 MV polymers described earlier. In

34 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Figure 4 - effect of crystallinity on the mixing profile of two bMWD'/LE polymers

8 25
7.5
7
6.5 P1 20

Ram distance (mm) 2

6 P2
5.5
5 15
KW (kW)

4.5
4
3.5 10
3
2.5
2 5
1.5
1
0.5 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 0 20 40 60
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)
115 0.75
110 0.7
105 0.65

Total specific energy (k/kg)

100 0.6
Batch temperature (°C)

95 0.55
90 0.5
85 0.45
80 0.4
75 0.35
70 0.3
65 0.25
60 0.2
55 0.15
50 0.1
45 0.05
40 0
35
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)

particular, the power uptake exhibited a fast CB incorporation
peak that gradually decayed until reaching about 3 kW. However,
in the case of the high CATR polymer (P1), the power uptake
exhibited two distinct peaks correlated with CB incorporation
and dispersion. Note the filler incorporation peak at about 15
seconds coincidentally matches the melting temperature of P1.
We suspect incorporation and dispersion of carbon could only be
achieved when the EPDM reached the melting temperature and
softened. However, as described later, the formulation has a clear
impact on the position of this peak. The graph also shows that the
low CATR polymer exhibited a faster temperature rise, as well as
a more effective use of the mixer volume, with the ram position
coming down to zero much faster. Note that despite the fact the
final temperature is the same for both polymers, the figure shows
that the energy required for the high CATR polymer is greater
and that it translates into a higher temperature rise for mixing
cycles beyond four minutes.
Figure 5 shows the effect of varying the CB/oil from 1 to 1.5
at a constant overall phr of 426. Maintaining a constant overall
phr was a key parameter in this set of experiments in an attempt
to maintain a constant polymer basis where CB increased at the
expense of oil. A CB/oil ratio of 1 offers an oil rich environment,
while a ratio of 1.5 refers to a high filler loading. As shown in the
figure, the power uptake profiles exhibit either one peak, like that
at a CB/oil ratio of 1, or two at a ratio of 1.5. The single peak at
the low CB/oil ratio was attributed to the initial sluggish filler/oil
incorporation peak. As the CB/oil ratio increased, the incorpora-
tion became faster and the incorporation peak gradually moved
to shorter times due to the absence of the lubricating effect. The
second filler dispersion peak started developing at a CB/oil ratio
of 1.4, to fully appear at a ratio of 1.5. As observed, the presence
of large amounts of oil has a detrimental impact on the CB incor-
poration, which translates into late incorporation peaks and a
dramatic reduction in the temperature rise. Note that the tem-
perature rise profile clearly shows two temperature ramps: 1) a
fast ramp at the beginning of the mixing cycle clearly associated
with CB incorporation and dispersion, and 2) a slower ramp
comparable within the evaluated window of CB/oil ratios associ-
ated with having a homogeneous compound.
As mentioned, to understand the effect of architecture in the
mixing profile of semicrystalline polymers, we need to consider
the effect of CATR as an additional variable compared to the
amorphous set. Furthermore, we recognized that any trends
made are formulation dependent and may vary for different phr
formulations. In an attempt to make a fair comparison, we se-
lected a series of polymers within a tight C2 window between

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 HE polymer had the most intense dispersion peak of all the
Figure 5 - effect of the CB/oil ratio in the polymers; however, its profile takes the longest to reach a flat
mixing profile of a semicrystalline, bMWD'/ power draw at the end of the mixing cycle. On the other hand,
LE polymer nMWD'/HE exhibited the least intense dispersion peak, the fast-
est decay in power and, interestingly, it exhibited a single CB
14
13 incorporation peak. Since neither of the HE polymers seems to
12 n CB conclusively be the fastest mixing, then crystallinity does not
11 appear to be the dominant effect at the CATR levels in this study.
10
9 To better capture the observations related to polymer architec-
ture during mixing, table 6 listed five attributes associated with
Offset kW

8
7 distinct events during this process and categorized their perfor-
6 mance. Based on this table, the nMWD' polymers exhibited a
5
4 fast temperature rise throughout the mixing cycle; the ram came
3 down the fastest to a closed position, and the power draw had a
2 fast stabilization at about 3 kW. In the case of the nMWD'/LE
1
0 architecture, the polymer also exhibited strong intensity of the
-1 CB incorporation peak comparable to the bMWD' polymers.
Note that the differences in architecture played a more prominent
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
differentiating role in the case of mixing semicrystalline poly-
Time (seconds) mers. Compared to the amorphous polymers, the bMWD'/HE
architecture characterized in both the amorphous and semicrys-
105 talline polymers exhibited a slow decay in the power draw and
100 took more time for the ram to fully close.
95
90
Batch temperature (°C)

85 Summary
80 To understand the effect of polymer architecture on the mixing
75
70 process of EPDM, this article selected a series of representative
65 EPDM polymers and categorized them into four distinct MWD'/
60
55 n CB LCB combinations. LCB information was captured by its effect
50
RQHODVWLFLW\XVLQJWKH¨įRUGLIIHUHQFHLQWKHSKDVHDQJOHDW
45 and 100 Rad/s, but observations can be equally extended to other
40 rheological indicators of viscosity or shear thinning. The selected
polymers covered both amorphous and semicrystalline composi-
tions at 70 MV, and 5% ENB. Mixing cycle information in-
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240

cluded power uptake, temperature rise, ram distance position and

Time (seconds) total energy consumption to provide an integral view of the
process using a common formulation of 425 phr. Results enabled
69.5 and 71%; nevertheless, the CATR varied significantly be- characterizing the response of these parameters as a function of
tween 15 and 30 J/g. Mixing profile information is shown in molecular architecture, crystallinity and variation in the formula-
figure 6 for the semicrystalline polymers,
following a similar compounding process to
that of the amorphous ones and still using the Table 6 - desired mixing attributes based on polymer
formulation in table 3. architecture for the semicrystalline polymers
If we start the discussion based on the ef-
Attribute bMWD'/HE bMWD'/LE nMWD'/HE nMWD'/LE
fect of CATR, table 2 would suggest that the Strong intensity of the CB ++++ +++ + ++++
low values exhibited by the HE polymers incorporation peak (0 to 30
would translate into features denoting easy seconds)
mixing. Note that both a fast development of Temperature rise ramp at the + ++ +++ ++++
an intense CB incorporation peak and a fast beginning of the cycle (0 to
30 seconds)
decay in power at the end of the mixing cycle Fast stabilization of the RAM + ++ ++++ +++
are typically considered attributes of a fast at the closed position (first
mixing polymer. The CATR variation in de- minute of cycle)
scending order is: Fast decay of power + ++ ++++ +++
HE polymers (bMWD' and nMWD') > (second minute of cycle)
Temperature rise ramp at the + ++ +++ ++++
nMWD'/LE > bMWD'/LE end of the cycle (last minute
The power curves show that both HE poly- of cycle)
mers exhibited distinct profiles. The bMWD'/

36 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Figure 6 - mixing profile of the semicrystalline, constant Mooney viscosity EPDM samples

8 25
7.5 LE HE
7
6.5 bMWD' 20

Ram distance (mm) 2

6
5.5 nMWD'
5 15
KW (kW)

4.5
4
3.5 10
3
2.5
2 5
1.5
1
0.5 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 0 20 40 60
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)
115 0.75
110 0.7
105 0.65

Total specific energy (kJ/kg)

100 0.6
Batch temperature (°C)

95 0.55
90
85 0.5
80 0.45
75 0.4
70 0.35
65 0.3
60 0.25
55 0.2
50
45 0.15
40 0.1
35 0.05
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)

tion. Mixing cycle information was categorized into five attri-
butes associated with distinct events during the process and re-
lated back to polymer architecture.
References
1. J.C. Tuberquia, C. Li Pi Shan, T. Clayfield, L. Nguyen, T.
Kashyap and K. Blackwell, “Long chain branching in EPDM
polymers: An open door to a complete spectrum of Mooney vis-
cosity-molecular weight relationships,” Fall 186th Technical
Meeting of the Rubber Division, ACS, Cleveland, OH, 2015.
2. J. Noordermeer, “Ethylene-propylene elastomers,” Encyclo-
pedia of Polymer Science and Technology, 4th ed.; John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., Vol. 6, pp. 178-196.
3. H.C. Booij, “Long-chain branching and viscoelasticity of
ethylene-propylene-diene elastomers,” Kautschuk Gummi
Kunststoffe 1991, 44 (2), pp. 128-130.

Aging of Rubber - Accelerated Heat

Aging Test Results
by R.P. Brown (Author), T. Butler (Contributor), S.W. Hawley (Contributor)

This report details the results of accelerated heat aging studies undertaken on re-mixed
samples of those materials studied for the natural aging study and on the 20 new com-
SRXQGVFKRVHQWRUHSUHVHQWSRO\PHUVQRWDYDLODEOHLQDQGWRUHÀHFWFKDQJHVLQ
FRPSRXQGLQJSUDFWLFH,QDGGLWLRQWRWKRVHSURSHUWLHVVWXGLHGIRUWKHDUWL¿FLDOZHDWKHULQJ
exposures, compression set and dynamic properties were also measured.

Order online at www.rubberworld.com/bookstore

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 37

Characterizing rubber's resistance against
chip and cut behavior
E\ 5DGHN 6WRþHN 35/ 3RO\PHU 5HVHDUFK /DERUDWRU\ DQG
7RPDV%DWD8QLYHUVLW\&]HFK5HSXEOLF:LOOLDP90DUVDQG
&KULVWRSKHU*5REHUWVRQ(QGXULFD//&DQG5HLQKROG.LS-
VFKROO&RHVIHOG*PE+ &R.**HUPDQ\
Cutting and chipping of tread rubber is a significant concern for
tires that are used in off-road or poor road conditions, where the
tires are in contact with gravel, rocks and uneven road surfaces.
Some examples of cut and chip (CC) damage to tire treads are
illustrated in figure 1. Due to the usual difficulty in predicting CC
resistance of tire treads from laboratory testing of rubber com-
pounds, it is often necessary to resort to expensive development
programs involving iterative tire building and field testing of new
Figure 1 - examples of various extents of
chip and cut damage to the treads of: TBR/
heavy truck tires (a) and (b); OTR/
construction vehicle tire (c); and mud-
terrain light truck tire (d)
(a)
(c)
(b) (d)
Figure 2 - photograph of instrumented chip
and cut analyzer (ICCA) showing expanded
view of impacting device and sample (left)
and diagram of rubber sample geometry
with 55 mm outer diameter and 13 mm
thickness (right)
55
Ø
Ø Stearic acid
26
38 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
tread compound candidates.
The CC phenomenon is complex, yet traditional CC test meth-
ods for the rubber laboratory employ simple, non-instrumented
devices where sample weight loss is the only measurement (refs.
1-4). This article describes a new laboratory instrument for char-
acterization of CC behavior which has several test conditions that
can be independently controlled. It measures multiple force and
displacement data channels during testing of rubber specimens.
The testing principle and typical results for model rubber com-
pounds that are typical of tire tread applications will be discussed.
In particular, the methodology which can predict actual CC rank-
ings for tires from laboratory testing of tread compounds will be
highlighted.
Experimental details
Polymers used in this study were natural rubber (NR; SMR CV
60) and high cis butadiene rubber (BR; Buna CB 24 from Ar-
lanxeo). The reinforcing filler was an N339 grade of carbon black
(CB). All other ingredients were rubber grade chemicals. The
rubber formulations are given in table 1.
Rubber compounds were prepared in two mixing stages. For
the first stage, all ingredients except CBS accelerator and sulfur
were mixed for five minutes in an internal mixer (SYD-2L from
Everplast, Taiwan) at 50 rpm with a chamber wall temperature of
80°C. The CBS and sulfur curatives were added in the second
mixing stage on a two-roll mill at a temperature of 60°C.
Curing properties were determined by a moving die rheometer
(MDR 3000 Basic, MonTech, Germany) according to ASTM
6204 at 160°C. Rubber specimens with an outer diameter of 55
mm and thickness of 13 mm (see geometry shown in figure 2)
were cured in a heated press (LaBEcon 300, Fontijne Presses,
Netherlands) at 160°C according to the curing time t90 + 1 minute
per 1 mm of the thickness (13 minutes total added for specimen
thickness of 13 mm).
Laboratory chip and cut testing was performed on the rubber
specimens using an instrumented chip and cut analyzer (ref. 5)
(ICCATM) manufactured by Coesfeld GmbH, Germany (figure
2), and distributed in the Americas by Endurica LLC, USA. The
Table 1 - rubber formulations
NR/BR 50CB NR/BR 65CB
NR 75 75
BR 25 25
CB (N339) 50 65
Zinc oxide 3 3
1 1
IPPD(a) 1.5 1.5
CBS(b) 2.5 2.5
Sulfur 1.7 1.7
(a) N-isopropyl-N’-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
(b) N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide
 Figure 3 - schematic of ICCA measuring Figure 5 - general graph showing multi-
principle, with: pneumatic actuator (1); two- channel data collection for one impact
axis load cell (2); holder plus impactor (3); loading cycle of ICCA measurement
and round rubber test sample (4)

Ff Normal force

Normal force, fn
Fn Z
Friction force

Force
ai

1 2 3 4 Time of sliding, ts
Time

Figure 4 - geometry of the stainless steel

impactor tool; the width of the impactor is ed rotation speed and striking the sample with a stainless steel
6.35 mm,which strikes the middle of the impactor at a given frequency. The impact is produced using a
13 mm thick rubber sample pneumatic cylinder, where the impact normal force, frequency
and contact (sliding) time with the rubber surface can all be sepa-
rately controlled. A schematic of the impacting device is shown in
9.61

figure 3, the impactor geometry is described in figure 4, and an

6.35 example of the data generated for each impact event is presented
.8 in figure 5. The types of parameter inputs and outputs, along with
R0
their ranges, are summarized in table 2, which emphasizes the
highly instrumented and flexible nature of the testing equipment.
60

One key characterization factor that is evaluated from the

°

16.55

multi-channel data acquisition is the chip and cut propensity, P.

19.05

The parameter P is determined from integrating the fluctuations in

friction force, related to roughness of the damaged surface, over a
.8 R5
Ra 0 number of impact cycles. The P value of tread compounds was
proven to be a very good predictor of actual tire cut and chip field
R1
.5

0.
8 test results for a variety of agricultural tires, truck and bus radial
R2

Ra 0.8
Ra (TBR) tires, and light truck tires. The details cannot be shared due
8 to confidentiality considerations with major tire manufacturers.
0.
Ra The cut and chip behavior as a function of number of impact

ICCA equipment and test-

ing approach will be fur- Table 2 - list of parameters for the instrumented chip and cut analyzer
ther described in the next (ICCA)
section. Samples were
tested at a rotation speed Parameter type
Parameter Range Unit Defined Measured Controlled Calculated
of 150 rpm, normal force ¥ ¥ ¥
Rotation speed, Ȧ 100 to 1,500 rpm
of 125 N, impact frequen- Impact frequency, f 0 to 10 Hz ¥ ¥ ¥
cy of 5 Hz, and sliding Number of impact cycles, n 0 to undefined - ¥ ¥ ¥
time of 30 ms for a varied Time of sliding, ts 20 to permanent ms ¥ ¥ ¥
number of cycles. Normal force, Fn 0 to 500 N  ¥ ¥ ¥
Friction force, Ff 0 to 900 N ¥
Resulting force, Fc Calculated N ¥
Results and discussion Depth of indentation, ai 0 to 20 mm ¥
The principle of measure- Friction distance, af Measured mm ¥
ment for the instrumented Normal energy, En Calculated J ¥
chip and cut analyzer in- Friction energy, Ef Calculated J ¥
Friction coefficient, cf Calculated - ¥
volves rotating the round ¥
Chip and cut propensity, P Calculated N/cycle
rubber sample at a select-

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 Figure 6 - topology of the abraded surfaces
for the NR/BR 65CB and NR/BR 50CB
compounds after testing using loading
conditions described in the text for the
indicated number of impact cycles
NR/BR 65CB NR/BR 50CB
1,000 1,000
Number of impact cycles, n
2,500 2,500
5,000 5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
cycles was compared for two blend compounds: NR/BR 50CB
and NR/BR 65CB (see formulations in table 1). The results are
presented in figures 6 and 7. The slope of the P versus n data
shows very distinct values for the two materials. A greater slope
is associated with less CC resistance. Inspection of the rubber
specimen surfaces and the flat response of P with increasing num-
ber of cycles for the NR/BR 65CB compound both show that no
significant chipping of rubber was evident for this material which
was reinforced with a significantly higher amount of carbon black
compared to the NR/BR 50CB compound, which showed clear
CC damage.
The development of cutting patterns on the rubber surfaces,
and the related chipping away of material that follows, show dis-
tinct characteristics that depend on normal load (not shown here),
number of impact cycles, and especially the rubber formulation
(figure 6). Along with the P values, such differences in visual
damage responses from cyclic impact reveal that the ICCA can
effectively distinguish the CC behavior of different rubber com-
pounds.
Conclusion
The instrumented chip and cut analyzer is a new test device for
the rubber laboratory that controls and records multiple applied
loads and displacements during cyclic impact to mimic and quan-
tify the cut and chip damage experienced by tire tread compounds
on rough terrain. The surface roughness characteristics of the
rubber specimens, created from the repetitive impacting process,
produce fluctuations in the friction force that are quantified using
the P parameter, thus allowing evaluation of the CC tendency of
rubber compounds in the laboratory to predict CC behavior of tire
Annual Custom Mixing & Custom Services Issue
40 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
Figure 7 - effect of number of impact cycles
on P for the NR/BR 65CB and NR/BR 50CB
compounds using conditions described in
the text
16
NR/BR 65CB
14 NR/BR 50CB
Parameter P (N/cycles)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000
Cycles, n
treads in service.
Abrasion of rubber involves both mechanical fracture and
thermal-oxidative effects (aging/degradation) (ref. 6). Consider-
ing the latter, impact-induced localized temperature increases of
the rubber during ICCA testing are of interest, and a study was
conducted to investigate this using a high speed, thermal imaging
camera. These preliminary results were shown during the presen-
tation of this paper at the 192nd Meeting of the Rubber Division,
ACS, in October 2017.
In addition to cyclic impact, the ICCA can also be used in full
contact mode as a friction and wear measurement device. This is
an area of ongoing research with this flexible instrument.
References
1. J. Beatty and B. Miksch, “A laboratory cutting and chipping
tester for evaluation of off-the-road and heavy duty tire treads,”
Rubber Chem. Technol. 55, 1,531 (1982).
2. C. Nah, B.W. Jo and S. Kaang, “Cut and chip resistance of
NR-BR blend compounds,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 68, 1,537 (1998).
3. M. Scherbakov and M.R. Gurvich, “A method of wear charac-
terization under cut, chip and chunk conditions,” J. Elastom.
Plast. 35, 73 (2003).
4. J.-H. Ma, Y.-X. Wang, L.-Q. Zhang and Y.-P. Wu, “Improvement
of cutting and chipping resistance of carbon black-filled styrene
butadiene rubber by addition of nanodispersed clay,” J. Appl.
Polym. Sci. 125, 3,484 (2012).
((XFKOHU+0LFKDHO0*HKGH2.UDWLQD56WRþHN5
Kipscholl and J.-M. Bunzel, “Wear of technical rubber materials
under cyclic impact loading conditions,” Kautsch. Gummi
Kunstst. 69, 22 (2016).
6. A.N. Gent and C.T.R. Pulford, “Mechanisms of rubber abra-
sion,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 28, 943 (1983).
Coming March 2018
 Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
The following directory lists
independent testing laboratories
serving the rubber industry, including
address, contact person and types
of technical service offered by each
laboratory.
R.D. Abbott Company, Inc.
16511 Carmenita Rd.
Cerritos, CA 90703 ........(562) 944-5354
Fax: (562) 944-5374
Website: www.rdabbott.com
Email: info@rdabbott.com
Rick Ziebell, vice president of technol-
ogy and innovation management
Technical service: Liquid additive manu-
facturing (LAM) 3D printing; formula-
tion development for silicone rubber,
organic rubber, and rubber-to-substrate;
material preparation (including lab
scaled internal mixing, mill mixing, and
extruder straining); physical properties
testing (including testing for curing be-
havior, processability, hardness, tensile,
elongation, tear strength, bond strength,
density, die shrink, aging [in air and
fluids], dispersion [for squash molding],
immersion [in test fluids], compression
set, and dynamic viscosity under shear
and heat conditions); chemical analysis/
testing for microscopy with digital field
analyses, direct film thickness, weight
loss in volatile matter and total solids;
product design and development; and
repackaging
Akron Rubber Development
Laboratory, Inc.
2887 Gilchrist Rd.
Akron, OH 44305 ...........(330) 794-6600
(866) 781-ARDL
Fax: (330) 794-6610
Website: www.ardl.com
Email: answers@ardl.com
Jerry Leyden, president; Tim Samples,
CEO; Tom Knowles, vice president
chemical services; Jim Drummond,
manager physical testing; Ana Barbur,
manager chemical, pharmaceutical and
microbiological services; Mac Wilborn,
vice president business development;
John Meser, manager ARDL engineer-
ing; Sean Djuricic, sales development
manager
Technical service: ISO 9001-2008
registered, A2LA accredited, indepen-
dent testing, development and problem-
solving laboratory for all facets of the
rubber, plastics and latex industries.
Capabilities include physical testing
of rubber: stress/strain tests including
tensile, tear, hardness and adhesion;
time dependent tests including set,
creep and stress relaxation, rebound
and resilience and dynamic/thermo-
mechanical; destructive tests including
crack and cut growth, abrasion, fatigue
and heat buildup; durability testing
including heat resistance (static), fluid
resistance and permeability, durability
including ozone resistance, weathering
resistance and brittleness; electrical
properties including dissipation con-
stant, dielectric strength and dielectric
factor; processing including cure rate
and extrudability; chemical anaylsis of
raw materials and rubber; spectropho-
tometry, spectrometry and spectroscopy
including infrared, ultraviolet and visible,
mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic
resonance and flame emission/atomic
absorption; chromatography includ-
ing gas and liquid; thermal analysis
including thermogravimetric, differential
thermal analysis and differential scan-
ning calorimetry; microscopy including
optical and electron
(See our ad on page 45)
Alloy Extrusion Co.
4211 Karg Industrial Pkwy.
Brimfield, OH 44240 ......(330) 677-4946
Fax: (330) 677-4950
Website: www.alloyextrusion.com
Email: info@alloyextrusion.com
James G. Anthony, president
Technical service: Complete develop-
mental and pilot facilities for CV curing
Alttran
5285 Hudson Dr.
Hudson, OH 44236 ........(330) 650-2223
Fax: (330) 650-2215
Website: www.alttran.com
Email: innovation@alttran.com
Carlee McCowin
Technical service: Development and
testing capabilities include consulting,
formulation development, lab scale
mixing and physical property testing.
We work with our customers to optimize
product performance. We use stan-
dard test methods or develop our own
to simulate the conditions that rubber
parts will see in end use applications
(heat resistance, fluid resistance, QUV)
Argen Polymer LLC
17645 Telge Rd.
Cypress, TX 77429 ........(330) 687-6388
(281) 719-8400
Website: www.argenpolymer.com
Email: joseph.incavo@argenpolymer.
com
Joseph Incavo, Ph.D., technical director
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld
Technical service: Compound develop-
ment, tire and rubber product testing,
formula reconstruction expertise, sour
gas testing
Aspen Research Corp.
8401 Jefferson Highway
Maple Grove, MN 55369
.......................................(651) 842-6100
Fax: (651) 842-6199
Website: www.aspenresearch.com
Email: answers@aspenresearch.com
Nathan Koenig, senior account man-
ager
Technical service: Chemical analysis,
physical properties, heat and fluid resis-
tance, failure analysis, product develop-
ment for elastomers and other polymer-
ic materials, physical testing, material
characterization, product development
and failure analysis
Atlas Material Testing Technology
LLC
1500 Bishop Ct.
Mount Prospect, IL 60056
.......................................(773) 327-4520
Fax: (773) 327-5787
Website: www.atlas-mts.com
Email: atlas.info@ametek.com
Stefani Levine, marketing services
Technical service: Complete line of
environmental and materials test-
ing instrumentation that can simulate
radiant energy, temperature, salt fog,
moisture, other components of a natural
environment, full line of physical testing
instruments
Services offered: Natural and accelerat-
ed laboratory testing services, technical
service, training
Bodycote plc - Macclesfield
Springwood Court, Springwood Close
Tytherington Business Park
Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom
SK10 2XF ............. +44 (0) 1625 505300
Fax: +44 (0) 1625 505313
Website: www.bodycote.com
Email: info@bodycote.com
J. Leidner, manager
Technical service: Testing of mechanical
properties, chemical analysis, com-
pounding, evaluation of environmental
aging, process development, failure
analysis
Bowser-Morner, Inc.
4518 Taylorsville Rd.
Dayton, OH 45424 .........(937) 236-8805
Fax: (937) 237-9947
Website: www.bowser-morner.com
Email: tryan@bowser-morner.com
41
 Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
Tom Ryan, manager
Technical service: Simulated envi-
ronmental testing, chemical analysis,
mechanical and physical testing
Cameron
1333 West Loop South, Ste. 1700
Houston, TX 77027 ........(713) 513-3300
Fax: (713) 513-3456
Website: www.c-a-m.com
R. Scott Rowe, president and chief
executive officer; Gary M. Halverson,
senior vice president
Technical service: Severe environ-
ment testing at elevated pressures and
temperatures in a multiplicity of gas
and liquid environments, life prediction
testing, physical property measurement
including dynamic rheological testing,
thermal analysis
Collaborative Testing Services, Inc.
P.O. Box 650820
Sterling, VA 20165 .........(571) 434-1925
Fax: (571) 434-1937
Website: www.collaborativetesting.com
Email: rubber@cts-interlab.com
Alexandria Moriarty, program analyst
Technical service: Inter-laboratory test-
ing programs; tests available include
tensile properties; hardness, Mooney
viscosity and vulcanization characteris-
tics (ODR and MDR)
Dektron Scientific Instruments
244 E. Third St.
Plainfield, NJ 07060.......(908) 226-1777
Fax: (908) 226-4973
Website: www.dektroncorp.com
Email: info@dektroncorp.com
Miguel Vargas
Technical service: Diversified range of
standard testing services
Delsen Testing Labs, Inc.
1024 Grand Central Ave.
Glendale, CA 91201 ......(818) 247-4106
Fax: (818) 247-4537
Website: www.delsen.com
Email: info@delsen.com
John Moylan, general manager
Technical service: Mechanical, physical,
environmental, electrical and flammabil-
ity testing, polymer analysis
D.I.S. Enbi Seals Ireland Ltd.
Clonminan Ind. Est.
Portlaoise Co., Laois, Ireland 00
................................... +353 5786 21992
Fax: +353 5786 22322
Website: www.diseuro.com
Email: info@diseuro.com
42 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
Wilson Palokkaran, technical director Electro Chemical Engineering
Technical service: Mold design, product 750 Broad St.
development, prototyping, FMEA stud- Emmaus, PA 18049 .......(800) 235-1885
ies production, cost saving programs, (610) 965-9061
logistic and technical support, phase Fax: (610) 965-2595
out processes Website: www.electrochemical.net
Email: inquiry@electrochemical.net
DSET Laboratories Mike Bunner, president
45601 N. 47th Ave. Technical service: Lab testing services
New River, AZ 85087-7042 including the chemical resistance cell
.......................................(623) 465-7356 test, bond and peel strength testing
Fax: (623) 465-9409
Website: www.ametek.com Element Los Angeles
Email: info@ametek.com 1024 Grand Central Ave.
John Wonders, customer/sales support Glendale, CA 91201 ......(818) 247-4106
specialist Fax: (818) 247-4537
Technical service: Outdoor (real-time) Website: www.element.com
weathering in AZ; outdoor accelerated Email: info@element.com
weathering (EMMAQUA, EMMAQUA+); John Moylan, general manager
instrumental color, gloss, visual evalua- Technical service: Mechanical, physical,
tions, physical, optical and mechanical environmental, electrical and flammabil-
analysis; worldwide network of 23 sites ity testing, polymer analysis
EAG Laboratories Element Materials Technology
4747 Executive Dr., Ste. 700 662 Cromwell Ave.
San Diego, CA 92121 .... (877) 709 9526 St. Paul, MN 55114 ........(651) 645-3601
Website: www.eag.com Fax: (651) 659-7348
Email: info@eag.com Website: www.element.com
Siddhartha C. Kadia, president; Carey Email: info.stpaul@element.com
Lewis, senior vice president Charles Noall, president and CEO; Ari
Technical service: Materials analysis, Mckee-Sexton, marketing communica-
failure analysis, problem solving, foren- tions manager
sic science in rubbers, plastics, non- Technical service: Laboratory testing
metallics and metal (seal) including: physical properties testing,
chemical analysis, environmental simu-
Eastern Laboratories, Inc. lation, etc.
167 Albany St.
Springfield, MA 01105 ...(413) 781-2540 Endurica, LLC
Fax: (413) 733-9631 1219 West Main Cross, Ste. 201
Website: www.elabs.com Findlay, OH 45840 .........(419) 957-0543
Email: elabs@elabs.com Website: www.endurica.com
Geraldine Mikes Email: info@endurica.com
Technical service: Materials charac- Will Mars
terization for polymers and plastics, Technical service: Elastomer fatigue
extraction studies of medical devices analysis
and various plastic materials, product (See our ad on page 20)
deformulation, thermal decomposition
Exova
Elastomer Research Testing B.V. 3883 E. Eagle Dr.
P.O. Box 2149, NL 7420 AC, Deventer Anaheim, CA 92807 ......(714) 630-3003
Teugseweg 27, NL7418 AM, Deventer Fax: (714) 630-4443
The Netherlands ........... 31 570 624616 Website: www.exova.com
Fax: 31 570 625702 Email: americas@exova.com
Website: www.ertbv.com Mark Kokosinski
Email: info@ertbv.com Technical service: Mechanical, physi-
Dr. Ir. Kuno Dijkhuis cal, chemical, thermal, environmental
Technical service: Compound devel- exposure, qualification programs and
opment, troubleshooting, chemical material identifications
analysis, consultancy, education and
training, multiclient projects prototyping, Experimental Services, Inc.
interlaboratory testing, standard test 894 W. Waterloo Rd.
materials Akron, OH 44314
 Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
............................ (330) 848-0059, ext. 1
Website: www.esilab.com
Email: kwinkler@esilab.com
Karl Winkler, president
Technical service: Independent A2LA
accredited testing laboratory for auto-
motive components, biomedical, railway
and mechanical goods; specializes in
static, dynamic and fatigue testing of
suspension components and rubber-
to-metal bonded products; material
development fatigue crack growth FCG
propagation testing; block cycle and
reat time testing of automotive bushings
and mounts; static and dynamic charac-
terization to 1,000 hz
Jesse Garant Metrology Center
4610 Stecker St.
Dearborn, MI 48126 ......(313) 996-5840
(844) JGARANT
Website: jgarantmc.com
Email: sales@jgarantmc.com
Sara Malik
Technical service: This globally rec-
ognized part inspection company
provides NDT and metrology services
using advanced imaging equipment;
industrial CT, digital radiography, 3D
scanning services allow manufactur-
ers to make qualified decisions at key
stages throughout a part’s lifecycle,
including: pre-production, production,
failure investigation, sorting and reverse
engineering
Gasmet Technologies
Oy, Pulttitie 8 A
FI-00880 Helsinki,
Finland ..................... +358 9 7590 0400
Website: www.gasmet.com
Email: contact@gasmet.fi
Divisions:
Gasmet Technologies Inc.
.......................................(866) 685-0050
Email: sales@gasmet.com
Gasmet Technologies (Asia) Ltd.
..................................... +852 3568 7586
Email: sales@gasmet.com.hk
Green Globe Laboratories
1860 Arthur Dr.
West Chicago, IL 60185
.......................................(630) 231-0680
Fax: (630) 957-4394
Website: www.therightstuff.com
Email: rajan@therightstuff.com
Rajan Muthiah
Technical service: Complete chemical
analytical services for compositional
analysis and testing of rubber and all
polymeric products, including composi-
tions of rubber materials, all additives
and thermal testing, ISO/IEC 17025
certified laboratory
Hauser GmbH
Am Hartmayrgut 4-6
A-4040 Linz, Austria
........................... +43 (0) 732-732305-0
Fax: +43 (0)732-713113
Website: www.hauser.com
Email: office@hauser.com
Kurt Ammon, marketing associate/
technical services
Technical service: Materials testing,
polymeric analysis and identification,
formulation analysis, EPA 9090, expert
testimony
Intertek Automotive Research
5404 Bandera Rd.
San Antonio, TX 78238
......................................(210) 523-4605
Fax: (210) 684-6074
Website: www.ar.intertek-cb.com
Email: dean.schoppe@intertek.com
Dean Schoppe, senior project en-
gineer; Randy Gay, senior project
engineer; Brent Ackles, senior project
engineer
Technical service: Materials testing
In USA, Inc.
100 Morse St.
Norwood, MA 02062 .....(781) 444-2929
Fax: (781) 444-9229
Website: www.inusacorp.com
Email: info@inusacorp.com
Adriana Alcorta
Technical service: Provide ozone test
chambers to materials testing labs that
test rubber using ozone
List AG
Berstelstrasse 24
CH-4422 Arisdorf
Switzerland .............. +41 61 815 30 00
Fax: +41 61 815 30 00
Klaus List, owner and chairman of the
board
Technical service: Laboratory system
is used to conduct feasibility studies to
quickly determine how List technology
performs in processes such as reac-
tions, drying, polymerization, devola-
tilization and mixing. The system is
precisely scaled for a smaller footprint,
easy set up and intuitive operation. It
also allows developers to conduct their
research on materials in the concen-
trated phase, using little or no solvents.
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld
MEI-Charlton, Inc. (MEIC)
7220 N. Lombard St.
Portland, OR 97203 .......(503) 228-9663
Fax: (503) 228-4065
Website: www.meic.com
Email: business@meic.com
Veronica Strong
Technical service: Engineering and
science consulting, testing and forensic
investigation services to rubber, plastic,
composite, metal and paper based
products and industries. The services
include, chemical, materials, mechani-
cal and physical testing, environmental
exposure and root cause failure analy-
sis investigations, product development
R&D, testing products and materials to
ASTM, ANSI, MIL-SPEC, etc., stan-
dards: pipes, o-rings, sheets, mem-
branes, tires, utility items, pool slides,
floats, plumbing related, medical, auto
related, aviation and railway related,
household and educational, paints and
coatings, electric and electronic instru-
mentation, etc.
Divisions:
American Product Safety Company
(APS)
7220 N. Lombard St.
Portland, OR 97203 .......(503) 228-9665
Fax: (503) 228-4065
Website: www.meic.com
Email: business@meic.com
Raj Patel
Technical services: Field evaluation
of electrical instruments, electrcial
instrument testing, safety testing, safety
audits. Electrical and electronic product
development support and testing, UL
inspections, safety evalaution, red tag
and product labeling
MonTech USA
1280 S. Williams Dr.
Columbia City, IN 46725
.......................................(800) 552-5115
Fax: (260) 244-4158
Website: www.montechusa.com
Email: info@montechusa.com
Richard Bagan
Technical services: Rubber testing
equipment, calibration, maintenance,
repair
(See our ad on page 19)
Musco Engineering Associates
375 Morgan Ln., Unit 307
West Haven, CT 06516
.......................................(203) 932-1901
Fax: (203) 931-1550
Website: www.muscoengineering.com
43
 Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
Email: admin@muscoengineering.com
Michael V. Musco
Technical service: Power distribution,
controls and system integration, plant
and facility design, start-up and com-
mission assistance, code review and
evaluation, pre-OSHA inspection
Nevada Automotive Test Center, a di-
vision of Hodges Transportation, Inc.
P.O. Box 234
Carson City, NV 89702
.......................................(775) 629-2000
Fax: (775) 629-2029
Website: www.natc-ht.com
Email: info@natc-ht.com
Henry C. Hodges, Jr.
Technical service: Engineering re-
search, testing, development, traction
and winter performance, wear and dura-
bility; thermal profile, ride and handling,
real time force and moment measure-
ments, virtual proving ground including
computer modeling, simulation, road
profiling and validation
NSL Analytical Services, Inc.
4450 Cranwood Pkwy.
Cleveland, OH 44128 ....(877) 560-3992
.......................................(216) 438-5200
Fax: (216) 438-5050
Website: www.NSLanalytical.com
Email: nsl@NSLanalytical.com
Larry Somrack, president
Technical service: Advanced materials
and polymer testing for multiple verticals
including the healthcare, aerospace and
opthalmic industries; chemists and en-
gineers are trained in elemental and or-
ganic chemical analysis, inorganic and
organic analysis, SEM analysis w/EDS,
thermal analysis; clients appreciate the
fast turnaround time and the technology
we continually invest in to produce ac-
curate, reliable results; nearly 70 years,
we have provided the highest standards
of product quality from design to launch
by providing trusted materials testing
results; learn how NSL can work with
you to solve your product performance
challenges
O-Ring Prüflabor Richter GmbH
Kleinbottwarer Str. 1
D-71723 Großbottwar
Germany ................... +49 7148 16602-0
Fax: +49 7148 16602-299
Website: www.o-ring-prueflabor.de/en/
home
Email: info@o-ring-prueflabor.de
Bernhard Richter, managing director
Technical service: We test rubber
44 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
materials and sealings, offer technical
seminaries, consulting and have a great
experience in failure analyses of seal-
ings and especially o-rings
Pelmor Laboratories, Inc.
401 Lafayette St.
Newtown, PA 18940.......(800) 772-6969
Fax: (215) 968-3676
Website: www.pelmor.com
Email: sales@pelmor.com
James Ross, president
Technical service: ASTM testing;
formula development, research and ap-
plication for polymers; consultation
Bill Peltzman & Assoc., Inc.
7157 S. Owens St.
Littleton, CO 80127........(303) 933-0317
Fax: (303) 933-7089
Website: www.peltzmanandassociates.
com
Email: bill@peltzmanandassociates.com
Bill Peltzman, president
Technical service: Textile treating,
RFL adhesives, process development,
contamination control and resolution,
surface energy analysis
Phoenix National Laboratories, Inc.
2837 E. Chambers St.
Phoenix, AZ 85040 ........(602) 431-8887
Fax: (602) 431-8889
Website: www.pnltest.com
Email: pnl@pnltest.com
Alex Zuran III, president
Technical service: Testing and inspec-
tion services
Polymer Diagnostics Inc.
33587 Walker Rd.
Avon Lake, OH 44012....(800) 438-2335
Fax: (440) 930-1644
Website: www.polymerdiagnostics.com
Email: info@polymerdiagnostics.com
Thomas Hughes, senior vice president
Technical service: Polymers/rubber
Polymer Solutions Incorporated
135 Technology Dr.
Christiansburg, VA 24073
.......................................(877) 961-4341
Website: www.polymersolutions.com
Email: george.cheynet@polymersolu-
tions.com
George Cheynet
Technical service: Polymer solutions
is an independent testing lab that is
CGMP compliant, FDA registered, DEA
licensed and ISO 17025 certified. We
offer chemical analysis, physical testing,
consultation and R&D services
Precision Testing Laboratories, LLC
313 Hill Ave.
Nashville, TN 37210 ......(615) 254-3401
Fax: (615) 254-3488
Website: www.precisiontesting.com
Email: vpsales@precisiontesting.com
Suzanne Piispanen, COO; John Piis-
panen, director of business develop-
ment
Princeton Polymer Labs
521 Lehigh Ave.
Union, NJ 07083 ............(908) 687-7033
Fax: (908) 687-1147
Website: www.princetonpolymer.com
Email: info@princetonpolymer.com
P. Wachtel, president
Technical service: Compounding, test-
ing and synthesis
Q-Lab Corporation
800 Canterbury Rd.
Cleveland, OH 44145 ....(440) 835-8700
Fax: (440) 835-8738
Website: www.q-lab.com
Email: info@q-lab.com
James Gauntner, sales manager
Technical service: weathering, lightfast-
ness and corrosion contact testing
RCMA Americas, Inc.
1507 Boettler Rd.
Uniontown, OH 44685 ...(330) 896-5900
Fax: (330) 896-9943
Website: www.rcma.com
Email: rodney.armstrong@rcma.com
Rodney Armstrong, laboratory manager
Technical service: Third party testing
and compound development for asphalt
roofing and paving systems, adhesives,
coatings, natural latex, rubber and
plastics
Rubber Consultants
Brickendonbury
Hertford, U.K. SG13 8NL
.............................. + 44 (0)1992 554657
Fax: +44 (0)1992 504248
Website: www.rubberconsultants.com
Email: info@rubberconsultants.com
David Cawthra and Gail Reader, market
development and promotion
Technical service: Analytical, biotech-
nology, bioinformatics, rubber in engi-
neering, prototype design and manu-
facturing, rubber technology, contract
research, physical testing, tire testing
Rutherford Research
89 Prospect Place
Rutherford, NJ 07070 ....(201) 933-2711
Website: www.rutherford-research.ca
 Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
Email: calgary@rutherford-research.ca
William Rutherford, owner
Technical service: Research and de-
velopment, design, testing and analy-
sis, consulting, electrical and physical
measurements, failure analysis, testing
equipment, conductive rubber and
expert testimony
SGS U.S. Testing Company Inc.
291 Fairfield Ave.
Fairfield, NJ 07004.........(973) 575-5252
Fax: (973) 575-7175
Website: www.us.sgs.com/cts
Email: marketing.cts.us@sgs.com
Chris Kirk, CEO
Technical service: Mechanical, electri-
cal, thermal and flammability properties
testing of all kinds of elastomers, plas-
tics, metal, wood and stone, per ASTM,
ANSI, federal and military specifications
Shrader Analytical & Consulting
Laboratories Inc.
440 Burroughs St.
Ste. 340
Detroit, MI 48202 ...........(313) 894-4440
Fax: (313) 894-4489
Website: www.shraderlabs.com
Email: sales@shraderlabs.com
Philip Shrader
Technical service: Chemical analysis by
mass spectrometry, gas chromatogra-
phy/mass spectrometry, liquid chroma-
tography/mass spectrometry
Smithers Rapra
425 W. Market St.
Akron, OH 44303 ............(330) 762-7441
Fax: (330) 762-7447
Website: www.smithersrapra.com
Nat Leonard, president
Technical service: Full service in rubber
from testing to consulting; compound de-
velopment, analytical, physical/mechani-
cal product analysis, failure analysis and
process development
(See our ad on page 77)
Standards Testing Labs
1845 Harsh Ave., S.E.
Massillon, OH 44648 .....(330) 833-8548
.......................................(800) 833-8547
Fax: (330) 833-7902
Website: www.stllabs.com
Email: sales@stllabs.com
Cheryl Schnuth, vp marketing/technical
sales
Technical service: Complete tire testing,
including resiliometer, endurance, tread
separation, steer/camber angle, cleated
wheel, cut-growth, rolling resistance, including chemical analysis, fungus
high speed; tire strength, bead unseat- resistance, toxicity (NSF 61)
ing, load/deflection, footprints, profiles,
hydrostatic burst, sections, cord pulls; UL Verification Services
complete in-house photographic/video; 1559 King St.
forensic testing, accident reconstruc- Enfield, CT 06082 ..........(860) 835-2085
tion; failure analysis, consultation; Fax: (860) 749-7533
non-destructive testing including Website: www.ul.com
x-ray, shearography; designing and Email: paul.o.moore@ul.com
manufacturing of tire and wheel testing Paul Moore
machinery, tire sectioning equipment, Technical service: Quality assurance
computerized controls; test air springs, and testing services; materials selec-
marshmallow springs, engine mounts, tion/evaluation
tire valves, tire repair materials, seal-
ants, filling materials VTEC Laboratories Inc.
212 Manida St.
Truesdail Laboratories, Inc. Bronx, NY 10474 ...........(718) 542-8248
3337 Michelson Dr. Fax: (718) 542-8759
Irvine, CA 92612 ............(714) 730-6239 Website: www.vteclabs.com
Fax: (714) 730-6462 Email: neil@vteclabs.com
Website: www.truesdail.com Neil Schultz
Email: nhester@truesdail.com Technical service: Commercial testing
Norman Hester, chief science officer and research, testing: physical, struc-
Technical service: Provide a wide tural, flammability, combustion, toxicity,
variety of materials testing properties, weathering electrical, mechanical
Independent Testing, Development and Consulting
From the Polymer Experts You Know
and Have Trusted Since 1962
Rubber. Plastic. Latex.
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Akron Rubber Development Laboratory, Inc.
Toll Free (866) 781-ARDL Worldwide (330) 794-6600
answers@ardl.com
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 45
Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
The following grid lists the types of Physical testing of rubber
testing offered by independent testing
laboratories. Tests for physical testing Stress/strain Time-dependent Destructive Durability
tests tests tests
of rubber include stress/strain tests;
time-dependent tests; destructive
tests; durability; electrical properties;
and processing. Tests for chemical
analysis of raw materials and rubber

Dynamic/thermomechanical
Creep and stress relaxation
are broken down into spectrophoto-

Rebound and resilience

Heat resistance (static)

Crack and cut growth
metry, spectrometry and spectrosco-
py; chromatography; thermal analysis;

Fluid resistance
Heat build-up

Permeability
and microscopy. Each of these subdi-

Hardness

Adhesion

Abrasion
visions is further broken down into the

Fatigue
Tensile

specific type of tests.

Tear

Set
R.D. Abbott Company, Inc. s s s s s s s s s s s s
Akron Rubber Development Lab, Inc. s s s s s s s
Alloy Extrusion Co. s s
Alttran s s s s s s s s s
Aspen Research Corp. s s s s s s s s
Atlas Material Testing Technology LLC

Bodycote plc - Macclesfield s s s s s s s s

Bowser-Morner, Inc. s s s s s s s
Cameron s s s s s s s s
Collaborative Testing Services, Inc. s s
Dektron Scientific Instruments s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
Delsen Testing Labs, Inc. s s s s s s s
D.I.S. Enbi Seals Ireland Ltd.

DSET Laboratories
EAG Labortories s s s s s s s s s
Eastern Laboratories, Inc. s s s s s s s s
Elastomer Research Testing B.V. s s s s s s s s s s s
Element Los Angeles s s
Element Materials Technology s s s s s s s s
Endurica, LLC s s s s s s
Experimental Services, Inc. s s s s s s s s s s
Green Globe Laboratories

Hauser GmbH s s s s s s s
Intertek Automotive Research s s s s s s s
In USA, Inc.

MEI-Charlton, Inc. s s s s s s s s s s s
MonTech

46 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
Physical testing of rubber Chemical analysis of raw materials and rubber

Durability Electrical Process- Spectrophotometry, spec- Chroma- Thermal Micro-

properties ing trometry and spectroscopy tography analysis scopy

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Differential thermal anaylsis

Flame emission/atomic
Weathering resistance

Ultraviolet and visible

Differential scanning
Dissipation constant

Mass spectrometry

Thermogravimetric
Dielectric strength
Ozone resistance

Dielectric factor

Extrudability

calorimetry
absorption
Brittleness

Cure rate

Electron
Infrared

Optical
Liquid
Gas
s s
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s
s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s

s s
s
s

s s s s s s s s
s s
s
s

s s s s s s

s s s s s
s

s s s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s
s s s

s s s

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 47

Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
The following grid lists the types of Physical testing of rubber
testing offered by independent testing
laboratories. Tests for physical testing Stress/strain Time-dependent Destructive Durability
tests tests tests
of rubber include stress/strain tests;
time-dependent tests; destructive
tests; durability; electrical properties;
and processing. Tests for chemical
analysis of raw materials and rubber

Dynamic/thermomechanical
Creep and stress relaxation
are broken down into spectrophoto-

Rebound and resilience

Heat resistance (static)

Crack and cut growth
metry, spectrometry and spectrosco-
py; chromatography; thermal analysis;

Fluid resistance
Heat build-up

Permeability
and microscopy. Each of these subdi-

Hardness

Adhesion

Abrasion
visions is further broken down into the

Fatigue
Tensile

specific type of tests.

Tear

Set
NSL Analytical Services s s s s s s s s s s s
O-Ring Prüflabor Richter GmbH s s s s s s s s s
Bill Peltzman and Assoc., Inc.

Phoenix National Laboratories, Inc. s s s s s s s s

Polymer Diagnostics Inc. s s s s s s
Polymer Solutions Inc. s s s
Precision Testing Laboratories, Inc. s s s s s s s s s s
Princeton Polymer Labs s s s s s
RCMA Americas, Inc. - Synthetic Division s s s s s s s s s
Rubber Consultants s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
Rutherford Research

SGS U.S. Testing Company, Inc. s s s s s s s s s s s

Shrader Analytical and Consulting Labs s s s s s s s s s s s s
Smithers Rapra s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
Standards Testing Labs s s s s s s s s s
Truesdail Laboratories, Inc.

UL Verification Services s s s s s s s s
VTEC Laboratories Inc. s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
Western Technologies Inc. s s s s s

Extrusion Dies for

Plastics and
Rubber
Adhesion and
Adhesives
Technology
Indispe
Author: Michaeli, W.
Copyright: 2003
ISBN: 9781569903490
Author: Pocius, A.
Copyright: 2012
ISBN: 978-1-56990-511-1
Referenc
www.rubberworld
Hardcover: 362 pages Hardcover: 370 pages

48 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Independent Testing Laboratories Directory
Physical testing of rubber Chemical analysis of raw materials and rubber

Durability Electrical prop- Process- Spectrophotometry, spec- Chroma- Thermal Micro-

erties ing trometry and spectroscopy tography analysis scopy

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Differential thermal anaylsis

Flame emission/atomic
Weathering resistance

Ultraviolet and visible

Differential scanning
Dissipation constant

Mass spectrometry

Thermogravimetric
Dielectric strength
Ozone resistance

Dielectric factor

Extrudability

calorimetry
absorption
Brittleness

Cure rate

Electron
Infrared

Optical
Liquid
Gas
s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s s
s s

s
s
s s s s
s s s s
s
s s

s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
s s s
s s s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s

ensable Understanding
Thermoplastic
Elastomers
Mixing of Rubber
Compounds
Author: Limper, A. Copy-

ce Tools
d.com/bookstore
Author: Holden, G.
Copyright: 2000 ISBN:
9781569902899
Softcover: 110 pages
right: 2012
ISBN: 9781569904589
Hardcover: 239 pages

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 49

 Instrumentation, Test
Test Equipment
Equipment Suppliers
Suppliers
Akron Special Machinery, Inc. Ametek Measurement & Calibration
The following directory lists suppliers of 2740 Cory Ave. Technologies Division
instrumentation and test equipment to Akron, 44314.................... (330) 753-1077 8600 Somerset Dr.
the rubber industry, with address, con- Fax: (330) 753-7308 Largo, FL 33773...................(800) 527-9999
tact person, types of instrumentation, Website: www.polinggroup.com Fax: (727) 539-6882
test equipment and services offered. Email: sales@polinggroup.com Website: www.chatillon.com
David L. Poling, president Email: chatillon.fl-lar@ametek.com
Instrumentation: Instruments for uniformi- Dave Hermance, vice president
R.D. Abbott Company, Inc. ty testing, runout testing, sidewall testing Instrumentation: Tensile testers
16511 Carmenita Rd. and grinding, tire testing Services offered: Technical services, train-
Cerritos, CA 90703 ..............(562) 944-5354 ing, software programs
Fax: (562) 944-5374 Alpha Technologies
Website: www.rdabbott.com 6279 Hudson Crossing Pkwy, #200 Ametek U.S. Gauge
Email: info@rdabbott.com Hudson, OH 44236 ..........(330) 745-1641 205 Keith Valley Rd.
Rick Ziebell, vice president of technology Fax: (330) 848-7326 Horsham, PA 19044 ............(215) 293-4100
and innovation management Website: www.alpha-technologies.com Fax: (215) 323-9450
Instrumentation: Computers, controllers, Email: alphasales@alpha-technologies. Website: www.ametekusg.com/products/
curemeters/rheometers, densimeters, com gauges.cfm
durometers, laboratory equipment (miscel- Melissa Kollar, global marketing manager Email: usg@ametek.com
laneous), measuring equipment, monitors, Instrumentation: Design and manufactur- Instrumentation: Process measurement
physical testing equipment, presses, soft- ing of instruments and software. Advance technology, pneumatic controllers, elec-
ware systems, testers and testing equip- precision rubber and elastomeric materi- tronic process transmitters, calibration
ment, density testers, hardness testers, als analysis for production optimization equipment
plasticity testers, processability testers, and product compliance solutions. Alpha Services offered: Technical service, training
specific gravity testers, viscometers Technologies, a Roper Technologies
company, introduced the world’s first Leverett A. Anderson Co.
Acrolab Ltd.
rubber rheometer in 1964 and since has 1245 S. Cleveland-Massillon Rd., Ste. 2
7475 Tranby Ave.
been dedicated to working closely with Copley, OH 44321 ...............(330) 670-1363
Windsor, Ontario, Canada N8S 2B7
clients and industries to improve and Fax: (330) 670-9450
...............................................(519) 944-5900
enable performance, value and safety to Website: www.leverettanderson.com
Fax: (800) 465-9674
consumers. ISO 9001-registered and ISO Email: sales@leverettanderson.com
Website: www.acrolab.com
17025-accredited, Alpha Technologies’ William S. Cole, president
Email: jhodgins@acrolab.com
instruments measure the dynamic, physi- Instrumentation: Materials testing equip-
John Hodgins, chief executive officer
cal and processability characteristics of ment for rubber and plastics
Instrumentation: Heat transfer technology
rubber and polymers Services offered: Sales, service including
Acu-Gage Systems calibration design and fabrication or special
12 Park Ave. Altman Manufacturing Co. testing equipment
Hudson, NH 03051 ..............(603) 622-2481 1990 Ohio St.
(800) 422-2283 Lisle, IL 60532 .................. (630) 963-0031 Applied Test Systems, Inc.
Fax: (603) 626-1277 Fax: (630) 963-0089 154 East Brook Ln.
Website: www.acu-gage.com Website: www.altmanmfg.com Butler, PA 16002 ..................(724) 283-1212
Email: info@acu-gage.com Email: brian@altmanmfg.com (800) 441-0215
John A. Kane, president Brian Altman Fax: (724) 283-6570
Instrumentation: Acu-Gage I single axis Services offered: Testing molded parts Website: www.atspa.com
linear measuring machine in sizes ranging for cracking, missing rubber, pressure Email: sales@atspa.com
from 12” to 120”; Acu-Gage II, two axis testing, metal insert detection, size and Greg Osborne, sales manager
coordinate measuring machine with base air flow Instrumentation: Creep/stress rupture test-
sizes of 12” x 12” to 48” x 96”, Z-axis also ing machines, universal testing machines,
available Ames Inc., B.C. pressure test systems, fatigue testers,
1644 Concord St furnaces and ovens for testing and process-
Admet Inc. Framingham, MA 01701 ing, elastomeric extensometers, special test
51 Morgan Dr. .......................................... (781) 893-0095 equipment
Norwood, MA 02062............(781) 769-0850 (800) 438-4249 Services offered: Technical service, calibra-
...............................................(800) 667-3220 Fax: (781) 647-3356 tion, repair
Fax: (781) 769-0884 Website: www.bcames.com
Website: www.admet.com Email: info@bcames.com Aqua Measure Instrument Company
Email: sales@admet.com Francis Gardner, president 9567 Arrow Route, Ste. E
Scott Carroll Instrumentation: For thickness measure- Rancho Cucamonga, CA 97130
Instrumentation: Elecromechanical and hy- ment - dial and digital bench compara- ...............................................(800) 966-4788
draulic universal testing frames for tension, tors, handheld micrometers, non-contact (909) 941-7776
compression and torsion testing; digital AccuFlow air gaging for in-process and Fax: (909) 941-6444
indicating systems for tension, compression bench; electronic read-out available. Website: www.aquameasure.com
and torsion testing Services offered: Application engineering Email: sales@aquameasure.com

50 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Steven Brunasso, CEO
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment, gaug-
es, laboratory equipment (miscellaneous),
measuring equipment, meters and moisture
meters, testers and testing equipment
Armstrong International
816 Maple St.
Three Rivers, MI 49093 .......(269) 279-3603
Fax: (269) 278-6555
Website: www.armstronginternational.com
Email: marketing@armstronginternational.
com
Denise DeVries, North American marketing
manager
Instrumentation: Steam, air and hot water
products
Services offered: Energy auditing that
identifies areas of utility system inefficiency,
engineering design for utility project im-
provements, complete utility operations and
maintenance responsibilities, turnkey instal-
lation, project management, financing for
utility upgrade projects, measurement and
verification of energy projects, complete
steam system training
ASM-Hasbach
2740 Cory Ave.
Akron, OH 44314 .................(330) 753-1077
(614) 505-0289
Fax: (330) 753-7308
Website: www.polinggroup.com
Email: sales@polinggroup.com
David L. Poling, president; Alexander Has-
bach, vice president
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment,
inspection systems, laboratory equipment
(miscellaneous), measuring equipment,
testers and testing equipment, burst testers,
fatigue testers, high speed uniformity tes-
ters, impact testers, nondestructive testers,
rolling resistance testers, tire testers, tire
endurance testers and universal testers
Services offered: Durability testing, pas-
senger and truck tires, equipment design,
nondestructive testing, research and
development
Asylum Research, an Oxford
Instruments Company
6310 Hollister Ave.
Santa Barbara, CA 93117
...............................................(805) 696-6466
(888) 472-2795
Fax: (805) 696-6444
Website: www.oxford-instruments.com/AFM
Email: afm.info@oxinst.com
Ben Ohler, director of marketing
Instrumentation: Atomic force microscopes,
scanning probe microscopes, AFM probes/
cantilevers, nanomechanical properties
Atlas Material Testing Technology, LLC
1500 Bishop Ct.
Mount Prospect, IL 60056
...............................................(773) 327-4520
Fax: (773) 327-5787
Website: www.atlas-mts.com
Email: atlas.info@ametek.com
Stefani Levine, marketing services
Instrumentation: Complete line of environ-
mental and materials testing instrumen-
tation that can simulate radiant energy,
temperature, salt fog, moisture, other
components of a natural environment, full
line of physical testing instruments.
Services offered: Technical service, training
Automation Products, Inc. - Dynatrol
Division
3030 Maxroy St.
Houston, TX 77008-6294
...............................................(713) 869-0361
(800) 231-2062
Fax: (713) 869-7332
Website: www.dynatrolusa.com
Email: sales@dynatrolusa.com
Instrumentation: Equipment which mea-
sures and controls density, specific gravity,
percent solids, percent concentration,
viscosity and level detection
Basler Vision
855 Springdale Dr., Ste. 203
Exton, PA 19341 ..................(610) 280-0171
Fax: (610) 280-7608
Website: www.baslerweb.com
Email: info@baslerweb.com
Instrumentation: Inspection systems,
laboratory equipment (miscellaneous),
measuring equipment
Benz Materials Testing Instruments
73 Maplehurst Ave.
Providence, RI 02908 ..........(401) 331-5650
Fax: (401) 331-5685
Website: www.benztesters.com
Email: engineering@benztesters.com
Ted Benz, president
Instrumentation: TR testers, abrasion, test
tube aging ovens, burst testers, plasto-
meters, rheometers, durometers, visco-
meters, tensile testers, test dies, test molds,
laboratory ovens, hardness, flexing, fatigue,
impact, lab presses, specific gravity testers,
test tubes, glassware, test fixtures, grips
Services offered: Technical service, training,
software programs, repair and rebuilding
testing instruments and lab information
management systems
(See our ads on pages 81 and 86)
Beta LaserMike Products
(An NDC Technologies Brand)
8001 Technology Blvd.
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld
Dayton, OH 45424 ...............(937) 233-9935
Fax: (937) 233-7284
Website: www.ndc.com/betalasermike
Email: sales@betalasermike.com
Jay Luis, marketing communications
manager
Instrumentation: Integrated process control
systems using a wide range of non-contact
measurement technologies designed to
improve product quality and reduce manu-
facturing costs. These systems provide both
in-process dimensional monitoring, control
and sample inspection of rubber and plastic
round, cylindrical and tubular products. Our
systems offer a number of advantages over
contact and other non-contact gauging sys-
tems. Our technologies and brands include
InControl for process control, AccuScan
for laser scanning diameter measurement,
UltraScan for ultrasonic wall thickness and
concentricity measurement, BenchMike for
off-line sample inspection and LaserSpeed
for non-contact length and speed measure-
ment.
Services offered: Dimensional monitoring,
diameter measurement, thickness mea-
surement, length and speed measurement
C. W. Brabender Instruments
50 East Wesley St.
South Hackensack, NJ 07606
...............................................(201) 343-8425
Fax: (201) 343-0608
Website: www.cwbrabender.com
Email: cwbi@cwbrabender.com
Richard F. Thoma, president
Instrumentation: Laboratory testing equip-
ment for rubber testing, including process-
ability studies, dispersion, mixing, cure and
density for R&D and QC
Services offered: Testing laboratory
Brandywine Technology Sales
1379 Dilworthtown Crossing #139
West Chester, PA 19382
...............................................(610) 761-8918
Email: mjt@brandywineonline.com
Michael J. Trojan, president
Instrumentation: Densimeters, inspection
systems, measuring equipment, ovens,
x-ray inspection machines
Brookhaven Instruments Corporation
750 Blue Point Rd.
Holtsville, NY 11742 ............(631) 758-3200
Fax: (631) 758-3255
Website: www.brookhaveninstruments.com
Email: info@brookhaveninstruments.com
Joe Pozzolano, general manager
Instrumentation: Particle size measurement
utilizing laser light scattering, disc centrifu-
gation; for zeta potential analysis by particle
electrophoresis; applications include pig-
51
 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
ments, carbon blacks Fax: (913) 492-1483
Services offered: Technical support Website: www.instruments.com
Email: info@instruments.com
Carver Inc. Chris Herring, president
1569 Morris St. Instrumentation: Temperature instrumenta-
Wabash, IN 46992-0544 tion (alarms, monitors, controllers, etc.)
...............................................(260) 563-7577 Services offered: Repairing company
Fax: (260) 563-7265 equipment
Website: www.carverpress.com
Email: carverpress@corpemail.com Corporate Consulting, Service &
David Singer, sales and marketing man- Instruments, Inc.
ager University Park
Instrumentation: Laboratory equipment and Akron, OH 44304-1909 .......(330) 376-3600
dies (800) 742-8535
Fax: (330) 376-8500
CDS Analytical, Inc. Website: www.ccsi-inc.com
465 Limestone Rd. Email: sales.department@ccsi-inc.com
Oxford, PA 19363-0277 David Warner, president; Michael Kent
...............................................(610) 932-3636 Warner, executive vice president
(800) 541-6593 Instrumentation: ISO/IEC 17025 calibra-
Fax: (610) 932-4158 tion and certifications, durometer hard-
Website: www.cdsanalytical.com ness testers (Shore, Wallace, PTC, Rex,
Gary Deger, director of sales and marketing and others), durometer operating stands,
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment, durometer test blocks, Mooney viscom-
environmental chambers, physical testing eters, moving die rheometers, oscillating
equipment, temperature measuring de- disk rheometers, tensile/compression
vices, testers and testing equipment testers, compression set fixtures, ASTM/
Services offered: Manufacturing ISO specimen cutting dies and specimen
molds, custom rubber molds, laboratory
Cober, Inc. bale cutters, rubber cutters/trimmers, Atom
30 Moffit St. swing arm clicker presses, ElasTek ‘mini
Stratford, CT 06615 .............(203) 855-8755 clicker’ presses, ElasTek DeMattia flex
Fax: (203) 855-7511 testers, ElasTek fully automatic density/
Website: www.cober.com specific gravity testers, rubber buffers,
Email: sales@cober.com rubber grinders, environmental chambers,
Matthew Krieger laboratory ovens, heated mold presses,
Instrumentation: Microwave receptivity test- Taber abrasion testers, BarCol hardness
ing, microwave curing ovens testers, Ross flex testers, Scott flex testers,
Services offered: Technical service for Taber stiffness testers, Mullen burst testers,
microwave technology ElasTek ASTM D865 aging block ovens,
(See our ad on page 86) OREC ozone chambers, OREC ozone
monitors, low temperature retraction (TR
Commercial Timesharing, Inc. (CTI) test) and brittleness point testers, ASTM
2740 Cory Ave. D2632 vertical rebound testers (ElasTek re-
Akron, OH 44314 .................(330) 644-3059 siliometers), ElasTek Williams’ parallel plate
Fax: (330) 644-8110 plastometers, Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell
Website: www.comtime.com hardness testers
Email: sales@comtime.com Services offered: ISO/IEC 17025 calibration
Ronald Symens, president and certifications (A2LA) service and repair
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment, of: durometer hardness testers, Mooney
computers, controllers, inspection sys- viscometers, all rheometers, tensile testers,
tems, physical testing equipment, software thickness gauges, micrometers, calipers,
systems, testers and testing equipment, tire cutting dies, molds, resilience testers,
laser measurement systems
compression testers, plastometers, scales
Services offered: Computer services, cost
and balances, abraders, mass and weights,
control, reduction, and studies, data ware-
gauge blocks, Brookfield viscometers,
housing, business intelligence, engineers,
dimensional measurement tools, tachom-
physical testing, plant management, pro-
eters, laboratory ovens (E145 and D7969),
duction control, test method development
air flow, thermocouples and thermometers,
ozone chambers, ozone monitors (NIST
Computer Instruments Inc.
direct traceability), and time measurement
10591 Widmer Rd.
instruments
Lenexa, KS 66215 ...............(888) 451-0851
(913) 492-1888 (See our ad on page 83)
CPM Wolverine Proctor, LLC
251 Gibraltar Rd.
Horsham, PA 19044 ........... (215) 443-5200
Fax: (215) 443-5206
Website: www.cpmwolverineproctor.com
Email: sales@cpmwolverineproctor.com
P. Zagorzycki, technical director; C.
Schnitzer, advertising manager; F.C. Keill,
lab manager; B. Thomson, sales manager
Instrumentation: Dryers and extruders
Creative Coatings Corporation
One Chestnut St., Ste. 4Z (03060)
Nashua, NH 03061-1165
...............................................(603) 791-0137
Fax: (603) 791-0209
Email: flocking@aol.com
Robert P. Borowski, president
Instrumentation: Dryers, grinders, labora-
tory equipment (miscellaneous), ovens, tes-
ters and testing equipment, testers abrasion
Services offered: Equipment design,
general cutting, mechanical cutting, drying
of rubber, extruding and vulcanizing extru-
sions, fabricating, grinding, winding, mold
making, splicing, 3M tape, flocking, laminat-
ing, special services
Custom Scientific Instruments, Inc.
1125 Conroy Place
Forks Township (Easton), PA 18040
...............................................(610) 923-6500
Fax: (610) 923-6543
Website: www.csi-instruments.com
Email: info@csi-instruments.com
Segundo Vargas, vice president engineer-
ing
Davis Instruments
625 East Bunker Ct.
Vernon Hills, IL 60061-1844
...............................................(847) 327-2000
(800) 358-5525
Fax: (800) 433-9971
Website: www.davis.com
Email: info@davis.com
Instrumentation: Hardness testers and
durometers
Davis-Standard, LLC
1 Extrusion Dr.
Pawcatuck, CT 06379 .........(860) 599-1010
Fax: (860) 599-6258
Website: www.davis-standard.com
Email: info@davis-standard.com
Robert Preston, CEO
Instrumentation: Laboratory equipment
Dektron Scientific Instruments
244 East Third St.
Plainfield, NJ 07060.............(908) 226-1777
Fax: (908) 226-4973
Website: www.dektroncorp.com

52 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Email: info@dektroncorp.com Taiwan ..................................886-4-8761635 Sal Negro, manufacturing executive
Miguel Vargas, manager Fax: 886 4-8761637 Instrumentation: Laboratory equipment
Instrumentation: Test equipment for materi- Website: www.ektrontek.com
als Email: ektronco@ms48.hinet.net Emerson Apparatus, Inc.
Services offered: Applications assistance Zhang Yaodong, president 59 Sanford Dr.
for testing of materials; service and repair of Instrumentation: Flexing machines, ozone Gorham, ME 04038 .............(800) 445-1055
test equipment testers, rheometers, tensile testers, tire Fax: (207) 856-1117
testers, viscometers, vibration simulator Website: www.emersonapparatus.com
Despatch Industries Email: sales@emersonapparatus.com
8860 207th St. Elastocon AB Connie Upson, vice president, sales and
Minneapolis, MN 55044 Tvinnargatan 25 marketing
...............................................(952) 469-5424 Bramhult, Sweden .........0046 33 - 22 56 30 Instrumentation: Rubber buffing machines,
(800) 726-0110 Website: elastocon.com foam endurance tester, ASTM 1055 load
Fax: 952 469-4513 Email: info@elastocon.se deflection tester
Website: www.despatch.com Göran Spetz, marketing and sales manager Services offered: Technical service, training
Email: info@despatch.com Instrumentation: Instruments for testing
Roger Dullinger, marketing with precision, stress relaxation systems, Emery Winslow Scale Company
Instrumentation: Environmental test cham- aging ovens, specimen preparation, low 73 Cogwheel Ln.
bers, curing, testing ovens temperature test, LTCS, freezers, automatic Seymour, CT 06483-3919
Services offered: Technical service, training Gehman, TR and brittleness tester, wind- ...............................................(203) 881-9333
screen fogging, electrical tests, computer- Fax: (203) 881-9477
Dewes Gumbs Die & Presses ized testing, automatic creep and relaxation Website: www.emerywinslow.com
38-33 24th St. test, hot set test, software and more Email: homeoffice@emerywinslow.com
Long Island City, NY 11101 Services offered: Testing services, lifetime William K. Fischer, president; Rudi P.
...............................................(718) 784-9756 estimations, accredited calibration, semi- Baisch, vice president, sales and marketing;
Fax: (718) 784-9755 nars and educations, both in our facilities David M. Young, sales manager Instru-
Website: www.dewes-gumbs.com and at your site mentation: Load cells, scales and weighing
Email: info@dewes-gumbs.com (See our ad on page 82) systems
Robert Salerni, president
Instrumentation: Specimen cutting dies, Electronic Development Labs, Inc. Endurica, LLC
dies for ASTM, DIN, JAP, TAPPY and test- 244 Oakland Dr. 1219 West Main Cross, Ste. 201
ing equipment Danville, VA 24540 ...............(434) 799-0807 Findlay, OH 45840 ...............(419) 957-0543
Services offered: Reconditioning and recali- Fax: (434) 799-0847 Website: www.endurica.com
bration of test dies and molds Website: www.edl-inc.com Email: info@endurica.com
Email: sales@edl-inc.com William Mars, president
Dillon Danielle Smith Instrumentation: Intrinsic strength analyser,
1000 Armstrong Dr. Instrumentation: Pyrometers, calibrators, tear and fatigue analyzer and chip and cut
Fairmont, MN 56031............(507) 238-8796 sensors analyzer; Endurica Solutions in your own
Fax: (507) 238-8258 Services offered: Calibration services lab using our protocols running on Coesfeld
Website: www.dillon-force.com instruments
Email: info@dillion-force.com Electro Standards Laboratories Services offered: Simulation software that
Robin Rogge, marketing 36 Western Industrial Dr. analyzes the fatigue performance of elasto-
Instrumentation: Testing systems, com- Cranston, RI 02921 .............(401) 943-1164 mers under real world service conditions
puter controlled to manual systems, force Fax: (401) 946-5790 (See our ad on page 20)
guages, load cells, software Website: www.electrostandards.com
Services offered: Sales, service and techni- Email: eslab@electrostandards.com Epic, Inc.
cal assistance Jeanette Gouin, marketing manager 403 Fort Salonga Rd.
Instrumentation: Controllers, laboratory Northport, NY 11768
Eagle Polymer Equipment equipment (miscellaneous), measuring ...............................................(631) 239-1668
P.O. Box 1271 equipment, testers and testing equipment, Fax: (631) 261-0765
Akron, OH 44309 .................(330) 706-0552 burst testers, compression testers, cord Website: www.epictachometers.com
Fax: (330) 706-0546 tensile testers, creep rupture testers, fatigue Email: epictachometers@optimum.net
Website: www.polymerequipment.com testers, shear testers, tear tensile testers, Greg Letica, chairman/president
Email: info@polymerequipment.com tensile strength testers, universal testers Instrumentation: Tachometers
Tim Samples, president
Instrumentation: Curemeters/rheometers, Electro-Steam Generator Corporation Equitech Int’l Corporation
environmental chambers, measuring 50 Indel Ave. 903 Main St., South
equipment, physical testing equipment, Rancocas, NJ 08073-0438 New Ellenton, SC 29809 .....(706) 364-6060
scales, test chambers, tensile tear testers, ...............................................(609) 288-9071 Website: www.equitechintl.com
viscometers (866) 617-0764 Email: rfloyd@equitechintl.com
Fax: (609) 288-9078 Ron Floyd, president and CEO
Ektron Tek Co., Ltd. Website: www.electrosteam.com Instrumentation: Probes, chemical process
Tien-Chung Chang-Hwa 520 Email: sales@electrosteam.com analyzer and spectrometers

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 53

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Erhardt + Leimer, GmbH surement system for an entire bale of Email: sales@grecon-us.com
350 Tucapau Rd. synthetic rubber Terry Franklin, sales
Duncan, SC 29334 ..............(864) 486-3000 Services offered: Nondestructive testing, Instrumentation: GreCon spark detection
Fax: (864) 486-3011 physical testing, production control and extinguishing systems are a preven-
Website: www.erhardt-leimer.com tative measure against combustible dust
Email: wneumann@erhardt-leimer.com French Oil Mill Machinery Co. fires and explosions
Werner Neumann, division manager 1035 W. Greene St.
Piqua, OH 45356-0920 Grieve Corporation
Exakt Technologies, Inc. ......................................... (937) 773-3420 500 Hart Rd.
7002 N. Broadway Ext. Fax: (937) 773-3424 Round Lake, IL 60073 ..... (847) 546-8225
Oklahoma City, OK 73116-9006 Website: www.frenchoil.com Fax: (847) 546-9210
...............................................(800) 866-7172 Email: sales@frenchoil.com Website: www.grievecorp.com
(405) 848-5800 Daniel P. French, chairman and CEO; Email: sales@grievecorp.com
Fax: (405) 848-7701 March Archey, polymer sales; Alex Lee, Frank Calabrese, sales manager
Website: www.exaktusa.com polymer sales; Jason McDaniel, COO Instrumentation: Ovens and furnaces
Email: info@exaktusa.com and president; Doug Smith, hydraulic
Linda E. Durbin, president and CEO sales; Dave Sledz, hydraulic and mixer Hamamatsu Corporation
Instrumentation: Laboratory cutting sys- sales; Dennis Ashurst, aftermarket sales 360 Foothill Rd.
tems, grinding systems, three-roll mills Instrumentation: Laboratory compres- Bridgewater, NJ 08807
sion and transfer hydraulic presses and ......................................... (908) 231-0960
Exova mixers Fax: (908) 231-1218
2395 Speakman Dr. Website: www.usa.hamamatsu.com
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5K 1B3 Gasmet Technologies Email: usa@hamamatsu.com
...............................................(905) 822-4111 Oy, Pulttitie 8 A, FI-00880 Helsinki, Yakov Bulayev, product manager
Fax: (905) 823-1446 Finland ..........................358 9 7590 0400 Instrumentation: Detectors, imaging de-
Website: www.exova.com Website: www.gasmet.com vices, cameras, light sources, photomulti-
Email: americas@exova.com Email: contact@gasmet.fi plier tubes, light sources, imaging tubes,
John McNeill, general manager Instrumentation: Gas monitoring instru- opto-semiconductor, imaging and analyz-
Instrumentation: Aging apparatus, analysis ments and systems ing system, x-ray inspection machines
equipment, baths, chemical analysis, com-
puters, curemeters/rheometers, densim- Divisions: Hardy Process Solutions
eters, dies, durometers, gauges, inspection Gasmet Ansyco GmbH 9440 Carroll Park Dr.
systems. .......................................+49 721 626 560 San Diego, CA 92121 ..... (858) 278-2900
Website: www.gasmet.de Website: www.hardysolutions.com
Experimental Services, Inc. Email: info@ansyco.de Email: hardyinfo@hardysolutions.com
894 W. Waterloo Rd. Rodger Jeffery, director of marketing and
Akron, OH 44314 .................(330) 848-0059 Goettfert product development
Website: www.esilab.com 488 Lakeshore Pkwy. Instrumentation: Scales
Email: kwinkler@esilab.com Rock Hill, SC 29730 ........ (803) 324-3883
Karl Winkler, president Fax: (803) 324-3993 Harris Instruments Corp.
Instrumentation: Used equipment, actua- Website: www.goettfert.com 155 Johnson Dr.
tors, manifolds Email: info@goettfert.com Delaware, OH 43015....... (740) 369-3580
Tim Haake, general manager Fax: (740) 369-2653
Facts, Inc. Instrumentation: Rheometers, rheovulka- Website: www.harris-instrument.com
2737 Front St. meter, curemeters and extruders Email: info@harris-instrument.com
Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44221 Joe Lieser, sales manager
...............................................(330) 928-2332 Gomaplast Machinery, Inc. Instrumentation: Non-contact measure-
Fax: (330) 928-3018 2424 Long Rd.
ment sensors, control systems, digital
Website: www.facts-inc.com Wooster, OH 44691......... (330) 263-7845
process control systems
Email: tfisher@facts-inc.com Fax: (330) 263-7846
Services offered: Monitor and control of
Tim Fisher, owner Website: www.gomaplast.com
extruded dimension for size control and
Instrumentation: Computers, controllers, Email: sales@gomaplast.com
measurement of shrinkage, inspection
gauges, measuring equipment, monitors Marcelo S. Hildebrandt, president
for holes
Instrumentation: Tensile testers, rheom-
Forte Technology, Inc. eters, lab ovens, lab presses, lab mixers,
HF Rubber Machinery, Inc.
58 Norfolk Ave. viscometers and scales
1701 Northwest Topeka Blvd.
South Easton, MA 02375 (See our ad on page 21)
Topeka, KS 66608........... (785) 235-2336
...............................................(508) 297-2363
Fax: (508) 297-2314 GreCon, Inc. Fax: (785) 235-1331
Website: www.forte-tec.com 15875 SW 74th Ave. Website: www.hfrmusa.com
Email: info@forte-tec.com Tigard, OR 97224 ........... (503) 641-7731 Email: mixing@hf-group.com
Patricia R. White, president Fax: (503) 641-7508 Paul White, executive VP operations
Instrumentation: Electronic moisture mea- Website: www.grecon-us.com Instrumentation: Laboratory equipment

54 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Hitec Sensor Developments, Inc. Imada, Inc. microscopy, stress and strain, salt fog
537 Great Rd. 3100 Dundee Rd., Ste. 707 Services offered: Sales and calibration of
Littleton, MA 01460 .............. (978) 742 9032 Northbrook, IL 60062...........(847) 562-0834 test instrumentation
Fax: (978) 742 9033 Fax: (847) 562-0839
Website: www.hitecsensors.com Website: www.imada.com Instron Corporation
.............................. sales@hitecsensors.com Email: imada@imada.com 825 University Ave.
Tim Cetto, vice president Bob Hashioka, marketing manager Norwood, MA 02062............(781) 828-2500
Instrumentation: Rolling resistance load Instrumentation: For tension, compression, (800) 877 6674
cells, multi-axis load cells peel, adhesion; mechanical and digital force Website: www.instron.com
Services offered: ISO-17025 accredited gauges, manual and motorized test stands, Email: marcom@instron.com
calibration SPC software and special attachments up Kaleigh Durkin, events and media specialist
to 4,400 lbf.; ISO 9001 and ISO/IEC 17025 Instrumentation: Universal tension and
Hoto Instruments accredited compression testing machines, servo-
3100 Dundee Rd., Ste. 707 hydraulic machines for determining the
Northbrook, IL 60062...........(847) 564-2260 Imass, Inc. dynamic properties of elastomers, grips, ex-
(866) 527-4666 P.O. Box 134 tensometers and environmental chambers
Fax: (847) 564-2095 Accord, MA 02018-0134 Services offered: Technical service, training,
Website: www.hoto-instruments.com ...............................................(781) 834-3063 software programs, load and extensometer
Email: info@hoto-instruments.com Fax: (781) 834-3064 verification traceable to NIST
Bob Hashioka, marketing manager Website: www.imass.com
Instrumentation: Asker digital and analog Email: sales@imass.com ISRA Surface Vision
durometers; hand-held, auto loading and Eleanor Fusoni, advertising manager 4470 Peachtree Lakes Dr.
automatic micro durometers for measuring Instrumentation: Materials testing instru- Duluth, GA 30096 ................(770) 449-7776
hardness and characteristics of various rub- ments Fax: (770) 449-0399
ber, elastomers, plastics, sponges urethane
Website: www.lisravision.com
foam and polystyrene foam
Impakt Email: info.surface@isravision.com
Services offered: Calibration services
5721 Dragon Way Maureen Macken, marketing manager
(See our ad on page 87)
Cinncinnati, OH 45227 Instrumentation: Quality control systems;
...............................................(513) 271-9191 inspection and measurement, web inspec-
Hudson Cutting Solutions, a division of
IPSUMM, Inc. Fax: (513) 271-5120 tion system
8810 Place Ray-Lawson Website: impaktusa.com Services offered: Turnkey systems including
Anjou, Quebec, Canada H1J 1Z2 Email: sales@impaktusa.com training, installation, maintenance and sup-
...............................................(603) 570-4090 Bruce Freeman port worldwide
Website: www.hudsoncutting.com Instrumentation: Laboratory specimen
Email: dlees@hudsoncutting.com cutters, laboratory cutting presses, sample J&L Tool & Machine, Inc.
David Lees, sales molds 1441 Miller Ave.
Instrumentation: Fortuna rubber splitting Services offered: Sharpening and certifica- Shelbyville, IN 46176 ...........(317) 398-6281
and skiving machines. Hudson swing beam tion of laboratory specimen cutters Fax: (317) 392-4267
cutting presses for laboratory ASTM speci- Website: www.jltool.com
men preparation Indusco Email: bob@jltool.com
3611 Keystone Ave. Bob Landwerlen, president
Hydramotion Ltd. Nashville, TN 37211.............(615) 833-0666 Instrumentation: JL 5000 SPL flow com-
1 York Rd. Business Park Fax: (615) 834-8722 parator
Malton, North Yorkshire, U.K. YO17 6YA Website: www.induscousa.com
...........................................+44 1653-600294 Donny Fetzer, sales manager JCR Automation, Inc.
Fax: +44 1653-693446 Instrumentation: Fatigue, tear, tensile 1426 S. Ryan Rd.
Website: www.hydramotion.com testing; instrumentation for testing of raw New Haven, IN 46774 .........(260) 493-6606
Email: sales@hydramotion.com materials, vulcanized and unvulcanized Fax: (260) 749-4782
Danny Morbey, operations manager rubber testing Website: www.jcrautomation.com
Instrumentation: Process viscometers, por- Email: sales@jcrautomation.com
table and laboratory viscometers, viscosity Indy Tech Lab Equipment Inc. Rick Johnson, general manager
measuring instrumentation, online viscosity 27 Legend Ct. Instrumentation: PVT (pressure-vibration-
analyzers, viscosity meters Ancaster, Ontario, Canada L9K 1P3 thermal) coolant hose durability tester
...............................................(905) 512-7751 Services offered: Design and build test
IKA Works, Inc. Fax: (905) 304-2110 equipment for component durability, audit
2635 Northchase Pkwy., SE Website: www.indytechlab.com and functional tests; leak and burst testing
Wilmington, NC 28405 ........(910) 452-7059 Email: sales@indytechlab.com equipment with data acquisition capability
(800) 733-3037 Brian Williams
Fax: (910) 452-7693 Instrumentation: Indy offers a wide range J.D. & Company
Email: sales@ika.net of used and reconditioned test instruments P.O. Box 818
Bob Anderson, operations manager and devices: Izod charpy impact, hardness, 1708 Hal Ave.
Instrumentation: Laboratory equipment tensile, tear, density, tack, micrometer, Cleburne, TX 76033........... (817) 645-5644

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 55

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Fax: (817) 645-9180
Email: jdcustommix@sbcglobal.net
R. Joe Dunnam, CEO; Amy Hiett, president;
Deborah Baker, vice president
Instrumentation: Curemeters, rheometers,
laboratory equipment, testers - specific
gravity
Services offered: Consulting services,
general, formula and/or compound develop-
ment, management consulting
J.M. Machinery
P.O. Box 378
Wadsworth, OH 44282 ........(330) 825-2400
Fax: (330) 825-0569
Website: www.jmmachinery.com
Email: dyer@jmmachinery.com
Michael Dyer, president
Instrumentation: Autoclaves, calenders,
extruders, laboratory equipment (miscella-
neous), mills, mixers, presses, compression
testers, cord tensile testers, specific gravity
testers, tear tensile testers, tensile strength
testers, viscometers
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
28775 Aurora Rd.
Solon, OH 44139 .................(440) 248-0400
Fax: (915) 852-4084
Website: www.keithley.com
Email: info@keithley.com
Linda Rae, president
Instrumentation: Data systems (includes
acquistion systems), electronic instrumen-
tation, recorders and indicators (includes
chart, event and production, round and/or
strip chart records), temperature controllers,
controls, systems
KLA-Tencor
One Technology Dr.
Milpitas, CA 95035...............(408) 875-3000
Fax: (408) 875-4144
Website: www.kla-tencor.com
Email: customer.parts@kla-tencor.com
Rick Wallace, CEO
Instrumentation: Xi-100 IFM
Services offered: Carbon black dispersion
index measurement
Kokusai, Inc.
5333 W. 79th St.
Indianapolis, IN 46268 .........(317) 704-9922
Fax: (317) 704-9921
Website: www.kokusaiusa.com
Email: sales@kokusaiusa.com
John Funcheon, president, Kokusai
Instrumentation: Bead seaters, dynamome-
ters, laboratory equipment (miscellaneous),
measuring equipment, fatigue testers, high
speed uniformity testers, rolling resistance
testers, tear tensile testers, tire testers, tire
56 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
endurance testers, tire laser measurement Email: contact@lmi3d.com
systems, tire durability testers, inside drum Len Chamberlain, vice president, sales
testers (durability/fatigue), treadwear tester, Instrumentation: Over 44 non-contact laser-
10 tire tester, side force testing machine, based measurement sensors for a variety
tread pressure distribution testing machine, of on and off line applications; these include
bead expansion tester, road surface motion radial runout at full production speed; profil-
observation machine, traction-BUS testing ing green and high silicone content rubber;
machine, bump run-over testing machine, tire sidewall and inspection, thickness
plunge testing machine control of calendered rubber; splice width
detection; treadwear analysis; extrusion
The Lanly Company profiling and profiling sidewall bulge and
26201 Tungsten Rd. dent, and many others
Cleveland, OH 44132 ........ (216) 731-1115 Services offered: Installation, training and
Fax: (216) 731-7900 support services; OEM capability
Email: sales@lanly.com
Website: www.lanly.com Lydon Oven Company
Dennis W. Hill, president; Ed Chapman, P.O. Box 708
applications engineering manager Hackensack, NJ 07602-0708
Instrumentation: Ovens ...............................................(201) 343-4334
Fax: (201) 343-7335
Leica Microsystems Inc. Website: www.lydonoven.com
1700 Leider Ln. Email: info@lydonoven.com
Buffalo Grove, IL 60089 Timothy McBride, president
...............................................(800) 248-0123 Instrumentation: Ovens
Fax: (847) 236-3009
Website: www.leica-microsystems.com Maag Automatik Inc.
Email: info@leica-microsystems.com 1500 Continental Blvd.
Markus Lusser, president Charlotte, NC 28273............(704) 716-9000
Instrumentation: Microscopes, measuring Fax: (704) 716-9001
equipment, microphotographic equipment, Website: www.maag.com
microtomes Email: maagamericas@maag.com
Services offered: Technical service, training Phil Shoemaker, general manager
Instrumentation: Dies, dryers, mixers, tem-
Limpro Equipment & Services Inc. perature measuring devices
19 Sun Ter. Services offered: Pelletizing, processing,
Laguna Niguel, CA 92677 reclaiming and recycling
...............................................(949) 636-3840
Website: www.limprotech.com Malcam, Ltd.
Email: roger@limprotech.com 27th Habarzel St.
Roger Kuntz, CEO Tel Aviv, Israel 6971039
Instrumentation: Lab production systems, .............................................+972-3-6485664
mix meter and dispensing systems, liquid Fax: +972-3-6488335
injection molding machines Website: www.malcam.com
Email: info@malcam.com
C.A. Litzler Co., Inc. Udi S. Moshe, sales director, sales and
4800 W. 160th St. marketing department
Cleveland, OH 44135-2689 Instrumentation: Analysis equipment,
...............................................(216) 267-8020 measuring equipment, meters and moisture
Fax: (216) 267-9856 meters, density testers, high speed unifor-
Website: www.calitzler.com mity testers
Email: sales@calitzler.com
James H. Rogers, vice president, sales Malvern Instruments, Inc.
Instrumentation: Computreater 2000 single 117 Flanders Rd.
end cord treating lab machine Westborough, MA 01581-1042
Services offered: Field service ...............................................(508) 768-6400
Fax: (508) 768-6403
LMI Technologies Website: www.malverninstruments.com
9200 Glenlyon Pkwy. Email: sales.us@malvern.com
Burnaby, BC, Canada V5J 5J8 Randy Byrne, sales and marketing
............................................... (604) 636 1011 Instrumentation: Instrumentation for dynam-
Fax: (604) 516 8368 ic/thermomechanical and processability
Website: www.lmi3d.com testing
 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Manufacturers Supplies Co.
4220 Rider Trail N.
Earth City, MO 63045.........(314) 770-0880
Fax: (314) 770-0990
Website: www.mfgsup.com
Email: information@mfgsup.com
Robert D. Goellner, president
Instrumentation: Equipment for lab testing
clickers for dumbbell cutting; skiving equip-
ment for ply splitting; bandknife splitters for
splitting for layer analysis
Services offered: Service and installation
of company equipment
Mast/Keystone
2200 Dickerson Rd.
Reno, NV 89503 .................(510) 931-7747
Fax: (775) 324-5375
Website: www.mastdev.com
Email: sales@mastdev.com
Thomas Hall, marketing director; Gifford
Mast, president
Instrumentation: Ozone test chamber,
monitors
McGill AirPressure, LLC
1777 Refugee Rd.
Columbus, OH 43207 ........(614) 829-1200
Fax: (614) 445-8759
Website: www.mcgillairpressure.com
Email: sales@mcgillairpressure.com
Jared McGill, sales manager
Instrumentation: Autoclaves, dryers
Website: www.metravib.com
Email: stephanie.briand@acoemgroup.
com
Hugues Baurier, head of DMA department
Instrumentation: Dynamic mechanical
analyzers for rubber compounds
Services offered: Training courses
Mettler-Toledo, Inc.
1900 Polaris Pkwy.
Columbus, OH 43240 ............(800) Mettler
Fax: (614) 438-4518
Website: www.mt.com/us
Email: labinsidesales@mt.com
Michael Zemo, marketing
Instrumentation: Dynamic mechanical
analyzers, thermomechanical analyzers,
differential scanning, calorimeters, thermo-
gravimetric analyzers, balances
Micromeritics Instrument Corporation
4356 Communications Dr.
Norcross, GA 30093...........(770) 662-3633
Fax: (770) 662-3696
Website: www.micromeritics.com
Email: ussales@micromeritics.com
Preston Hendrix, president; Jeff Sher-
man, vice president, sales and business
development; Ray Lombardi, marketing
manager
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment,
physical testing equipment, porosity detec-
tors, density testers, specific gravity testers
automatic dimensional measurement of
o-rings, gaskets, etc.
MonTech USA
1280 S. Williams Dr.
Columbia City, IN 46725
.............................................. (260) 244-5115
Fax: (260) 244-4158
Website: www.montechusa.com
Email: info@montechusa.com
Richard Bagan
Instrumentation: Rubber process analyzers,
rheometers, Mooney viscometers,
hardness/density testers, filler dispersion
testers, sample cutters, legacy equipment
upgrades, parts, analysis software
Services offered: Rubber testing equip-
ment, calibration, maintenance, repair
(See our ad on page 19)
MTI Instruments, Inc
325 Washington Ave. Ext.
Albany, NY 12205-5505 ......(518) 218-2550
(800) 342-2203
Fax: (518) 218-2506
Website: www.mtiinstruments.com
Email: sales@mtiinstruments.com
Kevin G. Lynch, chief executive officer
Instrumentation: Quality control inspection
products, sensors, amplifiers using fiber
optic, capacitance, laser technologies, for
displacement vibration, runout , thickness
and surgace condition

Meeco Inc. Micro-Poise Measurement Systems, LLC MTS Systems Corp

250 Titus Ave.
Warrington, PA 18976 ........(215) 343-6600
Fax: (215) 343-4194
Website: www.meeco.com
Email: sales@meeco.com
Rob Leiter, marketing
Instrumentation: Electrolytic moisture ana-
lyzers, electronic measuring instruments to
detect trace moisture in gases and solids
Services offered: Technical service
Mesabi Control Engineering, Ltd.
1350 Arcade St.
St. Paul, MN 55106 ............(651) 771-1890
Fax: (651) 771-0437
Website: www.mesabicontrol.com
Email: mesabi@mesabicontrol.com
John Beaudoin, president
Instrumentation: Computers, controllers,
measuring equipment, monitors, scales,
software systems, special services, tem-
perature measuring devices
Metravib
200 Chemin Des Ormeaux
Limonest Cedex F-69578
France ............................ +33 472 52 48 00
Fax: +33 4 72 52 47 47
555 Mondial Pkwy.
Streetsboro, OH 44241-4510
............................................ (330) 541-9100
Fax: (330) 541-9111
Website: www.micropoise.com
Email: micropoise.techsupport@ametek.
com
Les Gyori, vice president sales and
service
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment,
inspection systems, measuring equipment,
physical testing equipment, software sys-
tems, testers and testing equipment, test-
ers - tire, tire laser measurement systems,
x-ray inspection machines
Services offered: Non-destructive testing,
physical testing, test method development
(See our ad on page 6)
Micro-Vu Corp.
7909 Conde Ln.
Windsor, CA 95492 ............(707) 838-6272
Fax: (707) 838-3985
Website: www.microvu.com
Email: sales@microvu.com
Greg Chatfield, marketing/sales manager
Instrumentation: Automated video co-
ordinate measuring machines providing
14000 Technology Dr.
Eden Prarie, MN 55344-2290
...............................................(800) 328-2255
Fax: (925) 937-4515
Website: www.mts.com
Email: info@mts.com
Dr. Jeffrey A. Graves, president
Instrumentation: Test systems to measure
the dynamic properties of elastomeric
materials and components
Services offered: Technical consulting
service, training, software programs
Nanotronics Imaging
2251 Front St., Ste. 109-111
Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44221
...............................................(330) 926-9809
Website: www.nanotronicsimaging.com
Email: info@nanotronicsimaging.com
Matthew Putman, CEO; John Putman,
president and chief technology officer
Instrumentation: Nanoscale imaging and
inspection systems, rapid topography
measurements
NDC Infrared Engineering Inc.
5314 North Irwindale Ave.
Irwindale, CA 91706 ............(626) 939-3887

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 57

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Fax: (626) 939-3870
Website: www.ndc.com
Email: enquiries@ndc.com
David Wambold, vice president
Instrumentation: On-line thickness gaug-
ing, contact systems for the rubber and
calendered products industry; systems
range from simple single-point measure-
ments to complete scanning systems
NELA Vision Systems
610 Whitetail Blvd.
River Falls, WI 54022 .........(888) 407-4808
(715) 425-1900
Fax: (715) 425-1901
Website: www.nela-usa.com
Email: info@nela-usa.com
Katharina Gruber, marketing manager
Instrumentation: Fully automatic inspection
systems
Netzsch Instruments North America,
LLC
129 Middlesex Turnpike
Burlington, MA 01803 ....... (781) 272-5353
Fax: (781) 272-5225
Website: www.netzsch.com
Email: nib-sales@netzsch.com
Dave Shepard, sales manager
Instrumentation: Analysis equipment,
curemeters/rheometers, testers and test-
ing equipment - thermal analysis and ther-
mal properties measurement instruments
and testing services; featuring the new
highest-force dynamic mechanical (DMA/
DMTA) testing instruments; Netzsch-Gabo
Eplexor and Qualimeter flexometers for
measurement of thermal fatigue of rub-
ber, testing instruments for measurement
of the dynamic durometer hardness or
adhesive properties (autohesion) such as
rubber compounds before vulcanization;
thermal analyzers for polymer analysis
including DSC, TGA, STA (DSC-TGA) and
TMA with coupling to FTIR, MS and GC-
MS for analysis of evolved gases; thermal
conductivity by guarded hot plate and the
laser flash method
Services offered: Contract testing services
Newage Testing Instruments, Inc., An
Ametek Company
820 Pennsylvania Blvd.
Feasterville, PA 19053 ...... (215)-355-6900
Fax: (215)-354-1803
Website: www.hardnesstesters.com
Email: newage.info@ametek.com
Rick Wismer, sales manager
Instrumentation: Hardness testers for
IRHD and durometer scales in both regu-
lar and micro, built in SPC, RS232 output,
fully automated for reduced operator
influence
58 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
Nikon Inc., Instrument Group Email: info@olympusndt.com
1300 Walt Whitman Rd. Nacho Abia, president
Melville, NY 11747............ (973) 966-1100 Instrumentation: Thickness gauges, flaw
Fax: (631) 547-4025 detectors, transducers, automated sys-
Website: www.nikoninstruments.com tems, instrumentation
Cynthia Flynn, sales manager Services offered: Applications lab, training
Instrumentation: Profile projectors, video
measuring systems, microscopes Ontario Die International
Services offered: Technical service, train- 235 Gage Ave.
ing, software programs Kitchener, Ontario, Canada N2M 2C9
........................................... (519) 745-1002
Nishiyama Corporation of America Fax: (519) 745-0051
Division: Nishiyama Corp. Japan Website: www.ontariodie.com
111 Great Neck Rd., Ste. 301 Email: kitchener@ontariodie.com
Great Neck, NY 11021 ....(516) 466-7570 Gary Levene, president
Fax: (516) 466-7572 Instrumentation: Laboratory specimen
Email: rxue@nishiyama-usa.com cutters, laboratory cutting presses, sample
Website: www.nishiyama.co.jp molds
Takumi Kawabe, vice president, sales Services offered: Sharpening and certifi-
and marketing; Raymond Xue, customer cation of laboratory specimen cutters
service manager
Instrumentation: Measuring diaphragms Ontario Die International (USA) Inc.
for gas meters 2735 20th St.
Port Huron, MI 48060 ...... (810) 987-5060
OAI (Optical Associates Inc.) Fax: (810) 987-3688
685 River Oaks Pkwy. Website: www.ontariodie.com
San Jose, CA 95134 ........ (408) 232-0600 Email: porthuron@ontariodie.com
Fax: (408) 433-9904 Instrumentation: Laboratory specimen
Website: www.oainet.com cutters, laboratory cutting presses, sample
Email: sales@oainet.com molds
Nat Weil
Instrumentation: UV radiometers, cureme- Orec Ozone Chambers and Monitors
ters University Park
Akron, OH 44304 .............. (330) 376-3600
ODC Tooling and Molds (800) 742-8535
119 Roger St. Fax: (330) 376-8500
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2J 3Z6 Website: www.orecozone.net
........................................... (519) 576-8950 Email: info@ccsi-inc.com
Fax: (519) 576-3670 Michael Kent Warner, executive vice presi-
Website: www.odctooling.com dent; David Warner, president
Email: sales@odctooling.com Instrumentation: Ozone test chambers
Ronald Levene, CEO/president providing continuous ozone measure-
Instrumentation: Controllers, dies, press- ment control and data aquisition; A2LA-
es, testers and testing equipment, testers 17025 calibrations NIST primary monitor
tear tensile, testers tensile strength standards
Services offered: Instrumentation: Durom-
OHMIC Intruments
eter hardness testers, curemeter (ODR),
508 August St.
Mooney viscometer, Rheomaster data
Easton, MD 21601............ (410) 820-5111
systems for Mooney and rheometers,
Fax: (410) 822-9633
ASTM dies, molds, cutters, the XDR
Website: www.ohmicinstruments.com
Mooney viscometer, XDR-MDR moving
Email: ohmic@ohmicinstruments.com
die rheometer, Orec ozone chambers and
Ed Donovan
monitor calibration, low temperature TR
Instrumentation: Dew point monitors and
test and brittleness point tester, ASTM
controllers, absolute humidity transmitters
cutting dies.
Services offered: Servicing and calibration
Services offered: Certified calibration/ser-
of all “Ohmic” manufactured equipment
vice/repair of durometer hardness testers,
Olympus - NDT Mooney viscometers, all rheometers
48 Ward Ave. and recorders, tensile testers, thickness
Waltham, MA 02453 ......... (800) 225-8330 gauges, A2LA certified calibration lab and
(781) 419-3900 ISO 9002 and 17025 registered
Website: www.olympusndt.com (See our ad on page 83)
 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Oxford Instruments Fax: (330) 633-6367 Services offered: Service and calibration of
300 Baker Ave. Website: www.polymermachineryco.com rubber testing
Concord, MA 01742-2124 Email: jchiofolo@polymermachineryco.com
...............................................(800) 447-4717 Jim Chiofolo, sales Princo Instruments, Inc.
(978) 369-9933 Instrumentation: Rheometer, viscometer, 1020 Industrial Blvd.
Fax: (978) 369-8287 testers; fatigue, dynamic, flex-cracking, Southhampton, PA 18966
Website: www.oxford-intruments.com ozone chamber, aging oven, tire plunger, air ...............................................(215) 355-1500
Email: industrial@oxinst.com permeability, oil bath, carbon black disper- Fax: (215) 355-7766
Chris Horvath, director of sales and market- sion, electronic tensile, tensile strength, Website: www.princoinstruments.com
ing, XRF products, Americas abrasion resistance; electronic densimeter, Email: info@princoinstruments.com
Instrumentation: EDXRF, WDXRF, MDXRF tire cutting machine, constant temperature Paul Wasser, president
and HHXRF and humidity chamber Instrumentation: Level controls. level trans-
mitters, thermometers and thermostats
Pacific Transducer Corp. - PTC Polymer Testing Instruments Services offered: Technical service
Instruments 74 Patton Ave.
2301 Federal Ave. Asheville, NC 28801 ............(828) 252-1326 Prosco, Inc.
Los Angeles, CA 90064 ......(310) 478-1134 Website: www.polymer-testing.com 450 Keller Dr., Unit C
Fax: (310) 312-0826 Email: andy@polymer-testing.com Park City, IL 60085...............(847) 336-1323
Website: www.ptc1.com Andy Sluder, sales and service manager Fax: (847) 336-1390
Email: sales@ptc1.com Instrumentation: Rheometer and viscom- Website: www.prosco-inc.com
John S. Marcus, president eter rebuilds Email: contact@prosco-inc.com
Instrumentation: Durometers, microscopes, Peter Kubala, sales manager
temperature measuring devices, hardness PPD Group Instrumentation: Grinders, laser inspection
testers, tester stands 325 Principale N. systems
Waterville, Quebec, Canada J0B 3H0
Perkin Elmer Instruments .............................................. (819) 837-2952 PTC Instruments/PTC Metrology
940 Winter St. (819) 578-8580 2301 Federal Ave.
Waltham, MA 02451 ............(800) 762-4000 Fax: (819) 837-3140 Los Angeles, CA 90064 ......(310) 478-1134
(203) 925-4602 Website: www.ppdgroup.com Fax: (310) 312-0826
Fax: (203) 944-4904 Email: jacars@ppdgroup.com Website: www.ptc1.com
Website: www.perkinelmer.com Donald Morrissetle, president Email: info@ptc1.com
Email: customercareus@perkinelmer.com Instrumentation: QA and QC systems Linda A. Wolfe, general manager
Robert F. Friel, chairman, CEO and presi- Services offered: ASTM based tests like Instrumentation: Durometers to measure
dent compression set, heat resistance, liquid the hardness of rubber, plastic, ASTM,
Instrumentation: Analytical instruments resistance and ozone resistance A,B,C,D, DO, O, OO,OOO
used in laboratory analysis Services offered: Technical service, repair,
Services offered: Technical service, training, Precision Measurement Company durometer calibration and certification with
software programs P.O. Box 7676 standards traceable to NIST design custom
Ann Arbor, MI 48107............(734) 995-0041 durometers, A2LA accredited laboratory for
Piedmont Polymer Equipment Website: www.pmctransducers.com durometer calibration (1896.01)
1220 Olde Oaks Dr. Email: info@pmctransducers.com
Grays, TN 37615..................(423) 753-7811 Samuel K. Clark, president Pyromation, Inc.
Fax: (423) 753-7911 Instrumentation: Pressure transducers 5211 Industrial Rd.
Robert Myers Fort Wayne, IN 46825..........(260) 484-2580
Instrumentation: Fatigue, tensile, process- Precision Quincy Ovens Website: www.pyromation.com
ability, ozone resistance testing 602 East Blackhawk Dr. Email: scott@pyromation.com
Byron, IL 61010....................(302) 602-8738 Scott Farnham, sales and marketing
PLV Systems Inc. Website: www.pqovens.com manager
116 Viceroy Rd., Bldg. D, Unit 5 Email: sales@pqovens.com Instrumentation: Thermocouples and
Concord, Ontario, Canada L4K 2M4 Troy F. Berg, president thermocouple assemblies, temperature
..................................(905) 761-7234, ext. 24 Instrumentation: Dryers, ovens, tempera- measuring devices
Fax: (905) 760-1473 ture measuring devices
Website: www.plv.com Pyrometer Instrument Company
Email: sm@plv.com Prescott Instruments Ltd. 92 North Main St.
Sam Melamed Unit F, Northway Trading Estate P.O. Box 479
Instrumentation: FS200 - family of profile Tewkesbury, Gloucester, UK GL20 8JU Windsor, NJ 08561-0479
extrusion measurement instruments for on- .......................................... 44 0 1684 274300 ...............................................(609) 443-5522
line and off-line dimensional characteristics; Fax: 44 0 1684 293223 Fax: (609) 443-5590
FS200-DOC (digital optical comparator). Website: www.prescott-instruments.com Website: www.pyrometer.com
Email: sales@prescott-instruments.com Email: sales@pyrometer.com
Polymer Machinery Company Instrumentation: Physical testing raw David Crozier, CEO
154-B Potomac Ave. materials, vulcanized and unvulcanized; Instrumentation: Temperature measuring
Tallmadge, OH 44278..........(330) 633-5734 processability testing devices, thermal line scanners, temperature

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 59

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
controllers, recorders, transmitters, NLW- RCMA Americas, Inc. (Ohio) ...............................................(631) 234-0500
laser pyrometer to measure emissivity 1507 Boettler Rd. Fax: (631) 234-0691
Services offered: Technical service, training, Uniontown, OH 44685 ........ (330) 896-5900 Website: www.mixers.com
calibration Fax: (330) 896-9943 Email: mail@mixers.com
Website: www.rcma.com Ann Marie Pappas, vice president
Q-Lab Corporation Email: rubber@rcma.com Instrumentation: Dryers, mills, mixers
800 Canterbury Rd. Chris Shephard, president
Westlake, OH 44145-1419 Instrumentation: Aging apparatus, baths, RWC Testing & Lab Supplies
...............................................(440) 835-8700 computers, durometers, laboratory equip- 1821 N. Zaragosa Rd.
Fax: (440) 835-8738 ment, measuring equipment, microscopes, El Paso, TX 79936 ...............(915) 852-3375
Website: www.q-lab.com mills, monitors, physical testing equipment, Fax: (915) 852-4084
Email: info@q-lab.com refractometers, scales, temperature meas- Website: www.rwctesting.com
James Gauntner, sales manager uring devices, test chambers, testers and Email: customerservice@rwctesting.com
Instrumentation: QUV accelerated weather- testing equipment, abrasion testers, adhe- Christy Huizar, product sales
ing tester, Q-Sun xenon arc test chambers, sion testers, burst testers, compression Instrumentation: Worldwide distributor for
Q-Panel standard test substrates, Q-Fog testers, density testers, flammability testers, many laboratory and measuring instru-
cyclic corrosion test chambers, Q-Trac flexing machines testers, flow index testers, ments, to include: tachometers, strobo-
natural sunlight concentrator hardness testers, non-destructive testers, scopes, pH meters, conductivity meters,
Services offered: Contract testing lab, permeability testers, viscometers turbidity meters, oxygen meters, refracto-
accelerated weathering testing, outdoor meters, tension meters, wall mount/por-
weathering testing Rex Guage Company, Inc. table gas detectors, etc. Industries served
1250 Busch Pkwy. include the scientific, industrial, military and
Qualitest USA, LLC Buffalo Grove, IL 60089.......(847) 465-9009 commercial sectors, as well as educational
1323 SE 17th St., Unit 200 Fax: (847) 465-9229 institutions
Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33316 Website: www.durometer.com
.............................................. (877) 884-8378 Email: info@durometer.com Sanyo Corporation of America
Fax: (954) 697-8211 JC Blum, vice president 500 Fifth Ave., Ste. 3620
Website: www.worldoftest.com; Instrumentation: Durometer hardness New York, NY 10110............(212) 221-7890
www.qualistore.mybigcommerce.com. gauges (for checking the hardness of non- Fax: (212) 221-7828
Email: info@qualitest-inc.com metallic surfaces), accessories Website: www.sanyocorpusa.com
A. Bezadi Services offered: Repair and calibration Kenichi Shindo, president
Instrumentation: Testing technologies for (durometer sales) Instrumentation: Physical testing equip-
rubber, including universal testing ma- (See our ads on pages 72 and 76) ment, testers - tensile strength
chines, durometers/IRHD hardness testers,
densimeter, brittleness testers, rebound RKC Instrument Satra Technology Centre
resilience tester, dies, DIN abrasion tester, 4245 Meghan Beeler Ct., Ste. Wyndham Way
clicker presses, flexometers, stress relaxa- South Bend, IN 46628 .........(877) 599-1990 Kettering, Northamptonshire, U.K.
tion tester, block oven/aging oven, fogging (574) 273-6099 NN16 8SD ................... +44 (0)1536 410000
tester and more Fax: (574) 247-9657 Fax: +44 (0)1536 410626
Services offered: Instrumentation/equip- Website: www.rkcinst-usa.com Website: www.hampden-test.com
ment for the testing of rubber Email: info@rkcusa.com Email: info@satra.co.uk
(See our ad on page 8) Yoshi Unno, president Austin Simmons, CEO
Instrumentation: Controllers, temperature Instrumentation: Ozone test cabinets,
Quest Integrated, Inc. measuring devices abrasion testers, resilience testers, IFD and
19823 58th Place S., Ste. 200 CFD foam hardness testers, porosity, rise
apparatus
Kent, WA 98032 .................. (253) 872-9500 Rockwell Automation, Inc.,
Services offered: Service and calibration
Fax: (253) 872-8967 Allen-Bradley
Website: www.qi2.com 1201 S. 2nd St.
Scanco USA, Inc
Email: contactqi2@qi2.com Milwaukee, WI 53204 ..........(414) 382-2000
985 Old Eagle School Rd.
Jonathan Kniss, director, business develop- Fax: (414) 382-4444
Wayne, PA 19087 ................(610) 688-1440
ment Website: www.rockwellautomation.com
Fax: (610) 688-4976
Instrumentation: Lotis QC-20 hose meas- Email: webmaster@rockwellautomation.
Website: www.microct.com
urement system com
Email: sales@scanco.ch
Services offered: Sales and service Keith Nosbusch, chairman and CEO
Rasesh Kapadia, president
Instrumentation: Computers, inspection Instrumentation: X-ray micro-computer
R&C Roll Grinding, Inc. systems, laboratory equipment (miscel- tomagraphy systems
P.O. Box 14190 laneous), measuring equipment, monitors, Services offered: Non-destructive scanning/
Bradenton, FL 34280...........(941) 778-7655 software systems, temperature measuring microscopy
Fax: (941) 896-8720 devices
Website: www.rcrollgrinding.com Schenck Corporation
Email: rollgrinding@gmail.com Charles Ross & Son Company 535 Acorn St.
Ken Bowers, owner 710 Old Willets Path Deer Park, NY 11729 ......... (631) 242-4010
Instrumentation: Calenders Hauppauge, NY 11788 Fax: (631) 242-4147

60 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Website: www.schenck-usa.com Starrett Bytewise Tavdi Co., Inc.
Email: sales@schenck-usa.com 1150 Brookstone Centre Pkwy. 140 Beacon Park Dr.
Bertram Dittmar, president and CEO Columbus, GA 31904 ......... (706) 323-5142 Riverside, RI 02915 .............(401) 432-7086
Instrumentation: Universal and specialized Fax: (706) 323-0178 Fax: (401) 432-7183
balancing machines for the production, main- Website: www.starrett.com Website: www.tavdico.com
tenance and repair of virtually any rotating Email: dreynolds@bytewise.com Email: tavdi@tavdi.com
component; vibration analyzers, field balanc- Dennis Reynolds, vice president, sales Ismail Saltuk, president
ers and condition monitoring systems Instrumentation: On-line and off-line laser Instrumentation: Advanced Yerzley oscil-
measurement solutions for the tire industry lograph (AYO-IV) for testing physical prop-
Shimadzu Scientific Instruments and rubber extrusion industries. Measure- erties of rubber specimens as per ASTM
7102 Riverwood Dr. ment systems for the tire industry include D-945-16
Columbia, MD 21046 ..........(410) 381-1227 belt and ply width monitors, extrusion Services offered: Equipment sales, mainte-
...............................................(800) 477-1227 profile monitors, calender thickness and nance and repair services, consulting and
Fax: (410) 381-1222 width monitors, tire building machine runout testing
Website: www.ssi.shimadzu.com measurement systems, automatic tire iden-
Email: webmaster@shimadzu.com tification systems, cured tire profile meas- Tensitron, Inc.
Kevin McLaughlin, marketing 733 South Bowen St.
urement systems and treadwear analyzers.
Instrumentation: Hardness testers, univer- Longmont, CO 80501 ....... (303) 702-1980
Profile360 Generation 3 is widely used by
sal/tensile testers, capillary/flow testers, Fax: (303) 702-1982
all types of rubber extruders to monitor rub-
thermal analyzers, endurance/fatigue Website: www.tensitron.com
ber extrusion geometry on-line Email: orderdesk@tensitron.com
testers, UV-VIS and FTIR spectrometers, Services offered: Equipment, installation
balances, gas and liquid chromatography Ellen-Alisa Saxl, manager
and training Instrumentation: Cord, filament, wire, strap,
(See our ads on pages 10 and 11) band and cable tension testers, tension
Signature Control Systems
transducers, sheet-tension, rubber thread
25 Manzanita Herman H. Sticht Company, Inc. tension testers, digital, mechanical and
Littleton, CO 80127 ..............(720) 641-1131 45 Main St., Ste. 701 electronic tension meters
Fax: (810) 494-5022 Brooklyn, NY 11201-1075 Services offered: Custom instrumentation
Website: www.signaturecontrol.com .............................................. (718) 852-7602 available if your application requires a prod-
Email: info@signaturecontrol.com Fax: (718) 852-7915 uct not in our regular line of instrumentation
Tom Trexler, direct sales manager Email: stichtco@aol.com
Instrumentation: Intellegent process control Website: www.stichtco.com Testing Machines Inc.
system featuring SmartTrac expert system Paul Plotkin, president 40 McCullough Dr.
software to monitor and control process in Instrumentation: Tachometers, testers and New Castle, DE 19720 ........(302) 613-5600
real-time testing equipment (800) 678-3221
Fax: (302) 613-5619
Sikora International Corporation TA Instruments, Inc. - Waters LLC Website: www.testingmachines.com
215 Prospect Pk., Ste. C 159 Lukens Dr. Email: info@testingmachines.com
Peachtree City, GA 30269 New Castle, DE 19720 ....... (302) 427-4000 Instrumentation: Physical testers
.............................................. (770) 486-1233 Fax: (302) 427-4001 Services offered: Technical service, training
Fax: (770) 486-1201 Website: rubber.tainstruments.com
Website: www.sikora.com Email: info@tainstruments.com Testo, Inc.
Email: sales@sikora.net Ed Moriarty, marketing manager 40 White Lake Rd.
John Dognazzi, managing director Instrumentation: Thermal analysis, dynamic Sparta, NJ 07871.................(973) 252-1720
Instrumentation: On-line measuring and mechanical analysis, dielectric analysis, rub- Fax: (973) 252-1729
control systems for polymeric tubes and ber process analyzers, moving die rheom- Website: www.testo.us
hoses, controllers, gages, thickness gages, Email: info@testo.com
eters, Mooney viscometers, automated
laser equipment (includes laser/micropro- Marko Bruinsma, president
hardness and density testers, rheometers
cessor measuring products), measuring Instrumentation: Temperature-based instru-
for fluids and soft solids.
equipment and machines, process systems mentation
Services offered: Technical service, contract
and equipment Services offered: Technical service
testing
(See our ads on pages 15 and 77)
SP Industries Thermal Product Solutions (TPS), a divi-
935 Mearns Rd. sion of SPX Corporation
Taber Industries 2821 Old Route 15
Warminster, PA 18974
455 Bryant St. New Columbia, PA 17856-9396
.............................................. (215) 672-7800
North Tonawanda, NY 14120 .............................................. (800) 586-2473
Fax: (215) 672-7807
Website: www.spscientific.com ...............................................(716) 694-4000 (570) 538-7200
Email: info@spscientific.com (800) 333-5300 Fax: (570) 538-7380
Bill Downs, CEO Fax: (716) 694-1450 Website: www.tenney.com
Instrumentation: Ovens, environmental test Website: www.taberindustries.com Email: tpsinfo@tps.spx.com
chambers, incubators Email: sales@taberindustries.com Ron Cozean, CEO
Services offered: Technical services, train- Alan Jaenecke, vice president, marketing Instrumentation: Industrial ovens, environ-
ing, manufacturing Instrumentation: Destructive tests - abrasion mental test chambers and curing ovens

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 61

 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
Thermo Scientific
81 Wyman St.
Waltham, MA 02451 ........... (781) 622-1000
Fax: (781) 622-1207
Website: www.thermo.com
Douglas Wright, marketing
Instrumentation: Torque rheometer for poly-
mer flow measurements using miniaturized
production equipment; all units microproces-
sor controlled; viscometers; Seiko instru-
ments thermal analysis; circulator products,
melt flow testers, capillary rheometers,
DSC, TGA, DMA, TMA and DCR
Services offered: Technical service, training,
software program
Thermotron Industries
291 Kollen Park Dr.
Holland, MI 49423............... (616) 393-4580
Fax: (616) 392-5643
Website: www.thermotron.com
Email: info@thermotron.com
Clint Peterson, president; Kevin Ewing, vice
president of sales
Instrumentation: Controllers, environmental
chambers, test chambers, testers and test-
ing equipment
Thwing-Albert Instrument Co.
14 W. Collings Ave.
West Berlin, NJ 08091.........(856) 767-1000
Fax: (856) 767-2615
Website: www.thwingalbert.com
Email: sales@thwingalbert.com
Steven Berg, vice president of sales and
marketing
Instrumentation: Universal materials tensile
testing machines, tear testers, sample
cutters
Services offered: Technical service, training,
calibration
Tinius Olsen Testing Machine Co.
1065 Easton Rd.
Horsham, PA 19044 ............(215) 675-7100
Fax: (215) 441-0899
Website: www.tiniusolsen.com
Email: info@tiniusolsen.com
Wayne Hayward, marketing manager
Instrumentation: Tension, compression test-
ing machines
Services offered: Technical service, soft-
ware programs
TSI Incorporated
500 Cardigan Rd.
Shoreview, MN 55126 .........(866) 266-5919
Fax: (651) 490-3824
Website: www.tsi.com
Email: info@tsi.com
John R. Ross, president
Instrumentation: Dimesional measurement
products designed to improve manufactur-
ing productivity and enhance product qual-
62 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
ity; products include gauges for measuring Email: info@unitedtesting.com
diameter, speed and length, flaw detection, Carol Watson, president
profile, 100% length inspection systems Instrumentation: Materials testing systems
Services offered: Technical service Services offered: Calibration of test systems
and assorted force equipment
U-Can
No. 26, Houkou S. Rd., Houli Township, United Testing Systems
Central Taiwan Science Park 2245 N. Cleveland-Massillon Rd.
Taichung City 421, Taiwan Bath, OH 44210 ..................... (330) 659-6422
.......................................... 886-4-255913519 Fax: (330) 659-6433
Fax : 886-4-25591362 Website: www.unitedtestingsystems.net
E-mail: ucan@u-can.com.tw Email: unitedtestingsystems@gmail.com
Website: www.ucandyna.com Joseph Augustyn, president
Instrumentation: Rheometer, viscometer, Instrumentation: Magnetic particle, pene-
testers; fatigue, dynamic, flex-cracking, trant, ultrasonic and eddy current equipment,
ozone chamber, aging oven, tire plunger, air digital radiometer/photometer
permeability, oil bath, carbon black disper-
sion, electronic tensile, tensile strength, United Testing Systems, Inc.
abrasion resistance; electronic densimeter, 1375 S. Acacia Ave. Ste. A
tire cutting machine, constant temperature Fullerton, CA 92831 .............. (800) 765-9997
and humidity chamber Website: www.utsflint.com
Email: info@unitedtesting.com
Ueshima Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Cliff Schaffer, vice president
c/o Nishiyama Corporation of America Instrumentation: Materials testing systems
Great Neck, NY 11021 ........(516) 466-7570 for hardness, tensile and compression
Fax: (516) 466-7572 Services offered: Calibration and certifica-
Website: www.ueshima-seisakusho.co.jp/ tion of hardness and various force testing
top_en.html systems
Email: kokusai@nishiyama.co.jp
Instrumentation: Laboratory testing equip- Visco Technologies USA, Inc.
ment to measure dynamic properties of 511 West Golf Rd.
rubber and plastic for use in research and Arlington Heights, IL 60005
development and/or production ................................................. (773) 332-3775
Services offered: Installation, training and Website: www.visco-tech.com/usa
support services Email: owakizono@visco-tech.com
Osamu Wakizono
Ultra Electronics, Nuclear Sensors & Instrumentation: image processing algorithm,
Process Instrumentation optical technology and cosmetic (appear-
707 Jeffrey Way ance) inspection solution
Round Rock, TX 78680-2408
...............................................(512) 434-2900 Vindum Engineering, Inc.
Fax: (512) 434-2901 1 Woodview Ct.
Website: www.ultra-nspi.com San Ramon, CA 94582 ......... (925) 275-0633
Troy Johnson, vice president of operations Fax: (925) 275-9697
Instrumentation: Resistance temperature Website: www.vindum.com
detector Email: info@vindum.com
Jorgen Vindum, president
Union Process, Inc. Instrumentation: Analysis equipment, labora-
1925 Akron-Peninsula Rd. tory equipment, testers viscometers
Akron, OH 44313 .................(330) 929-3333
Website: www.unionprocess.com VTEC Laboratories Inc.
Email: unionprocess@unionprocess.com 212 Manida St.
Emery Li, sales manager Bronx, NY 10474 ................... (718) 542-8248
Instrumentation: Laboratory attrition mills, Fax: (718) 542-8759
fine grinding and dispersion equipment Website: www.vteclabs.com
Services offered: Chemical analysis and Email: neil@vteclabs.com
physical testing Neil Schultz
Instrumentation: Flammability test equipment
United Calibration Corporation
5802 Engineer Dr. Wabash MPI
Huntington Beach, CA 92649 1569 Morris St.
...............................................(714) 638-2322 Wabash, IN 46992-0298 ....... (260) 563-1184
(800) 765-9997 Fax: (260) 563-1396
Fax: (714) 897-8496 Website: www.wabashmpi.com
Website: www.unitedcalibration.com Email: wabashmpi@corpemail.com
 Instrumentation, Test Equipment Suppliers
David Singer, marketing manager
Instrumentation: Manufacturer of compres-
sion, vacuum and transfer presses for
various rubber molding applications. Force
ranges from .5 to 1,200 ton and platen sizes
up to 6’ by 10’, presses can be supplied in
standard configurations or customized to
your specifications
Wallace Instruments, a brand of
Elektron Technology
Broers Building
JJ Thomson Ave.
Cambridge, U.K. CB3 0FA
.......................................+44 (0)1803 407756
Website: www.wallaceinstruments.co.uk
Email: info@wallaceinstruments.co.uk
David Reynolds, sales manager
Instrumentation: Hardness testers H14
(IRHD); H17A (Shore), micro hardness test-
ers H12 (IRHD), H17M (Shore); densimeter
X22B; rapid plastimeter P14; compression
stress relaxometer C11; aging chamber
O7E, O14; DeMattia flex testing machine
F15/16, Mooney viscometer V3, thickness
gauges; compression set, plasticity and
resilience; specimen preparation equipment
Services offered: Calibration, service and
repair of all Wallace instruments
Divisions:
Americas
Wallace
5856 Corporate Ave., Ste. 220
Cypress, CA 90630 ............. (760) 343-3650
Email: info@wallaceinstruments.co.uk
Wallace
3 Temasek Ave.
Centennial Tower Level 34
Singapore 039190 ...............+65 6549 7164
Email: info@wallaceinstruments.co.uk
Webber Manufacturing Co.
8498 Brookville Rd.
Indianapolis, IN 46219 ..........(317) 357-8681
Fax: (317) 357-8685
Website: www.webbermfg.com
Email: info@webbermfg.com
Dave Lovett, president
Instrumentation: Ovens, environmental
chambers
Williamson
70 Domino Dr.
Concord, MA 01742 .............(978) 369-9607
Fax: (978) 369-5485
Website: www.williamsonir.com
Email: sales@williamsonir.com
W.R. Barron, vice president; T.F. Larrick,
technical manager
Instrumentation: Radiation pyrometers
Willrich Precision
80 Broadway
Cresskill, NJ 07626 ..............(866) 945-5742
Fax: (201) 567-5770
Website: www.willrich.com
Email: customerservice@willrich.com
Rich Chitos, president
Instrumentation: Analytical and torsion
balances, cord testers, coating testers,
compression testers, durometers, elasticity
testers, dimensional gauges, other labora-
tory and testing equipment
Winters Instruments
121 Railside Rd.
Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3A 1B2
...............................................(416) 444-2345
Fax: (416) 444-8979
Website: www.winters.com
Email: sales@winters.com
Barry Phillips, executive vice president;
Desmond Khor, marketing and communica-
tions manager
Instrumentation: Controllers, gauges, labo-
ratory equipment (miscellaneous), measur-
ing equipment, temperature measuring
devices, testers and testing equipment
WSF Industries, Inc.
7 Hackett Dr.
Tonawanda, NY 14150 ........(800) 874-8265
(716) 692-4930
Fax: (716) 692-4135
Website: www.wsfindustries.com
Email: sales@wsfindustries.com
John L. Hettrick, chairman; Gary R.
Fornasiero, president; Patrick J. Barrett,
production manager
Instrumentation: Autoclaves, process
simulators
Wyoming Test Fixtures, Inc.
2960 E. Millcreek Canyon Rd.
Salt Lake City, UT 84109..... (801) 484-5055
Fax: (801) 484-6008
Website: www.wyomingtestfixtures.com
Email: wtf@wyomingtestfixtures.com
Donald F. Adams, president
Instrumentation: Dies, laboratory equip-
ment, physical testing equipment, testers
and testing equipment, adhesion testers,
coefficient of friction testers, compression
testers, cord tensile testers, creep rupture
testers, fatigue testers, flexing machines,
impact testers, plasticity testers, shear test-
ers, tack testers, tensile tear testers, tensile
strength testers, tire testers, torsion testers,
universal testers
Yxlon/Comet Technologies USA
5675 Hudson Industrial Pkwy.
Hudson, OH 44236.............(877) XRAY-100
Fax: (234) 284-7886
Website: www.yxlon.com
Email: yxlon@yxlon.com
Tom Swanger, account manager, tire/rub-
ber/wheel
Instrumentation: Provider of x-ray inspec-
tion equipment for industrial applications
Services offered: Non-destructive testing
(NDT), computed tomography (CT), highly
dynamic radioscopy (HDR), microfocus
x-ray, automatic defect recognition (ADR);
applications include tire, rubber, wheel, cast
parts, electronics, fiber-reinforced materials
and more
Carl Zeiss, Inc., Microscope Division
One Zeiss Dr.
Thornwood, NY 10594
...............................................(800) 233-2343
Fax: (914) 681-7446
Website: www.zeiss.com
Email: micro@zeiss.com
James Sharp, president
Instrumentation: Microscopes to examine
surface characteristics, image analysis
equipment.
Services offered: Technical service, training,
software programs
Zumbach Electronics Corp.
Worldwide Headquarters
Hauptstrasse 93
2552 Orpund
.................................... +41 (0) 32 356 04 00
Fax: +41 (0) 32 356 04 30
Email: sales@zumbach.ch
USA Office
140 Kisco Ave.
Mount Kisco, NY 10549-1407
.............................................. (914) 241-7080
Fax: (914) 241-7096
Website: www.zumbach.com
Email: sales@zumbach.com
Keith F. Donahue
Instrumentation: Non-contact diameter
gauges, ultrasonic, eddy current based
wall thickness monitoring/control systems
for hose, cable jackets, tubes, pipes; bench
top diameter measuring instruments for
QC; non-contact sheet thickness gauges;
OD/ID/wall monitoring, control systems
with color display, optical lump/neckdown
detector, spark testers for cables, inductive
wire preheaters; SQC/SPC data acquisition
reporting, logging systems, plus PC link
networking software
Zwick of America, Inc.
2125 Barrett Park Dr., Ste. 107
Kennesaw, GA 30144..........(770) 420-6555
Fax: (770) 420-6333
Website: www.zwick.com
Email: info@zwickusa.com
Bill Becker, director
Instrumentation: Materials testing instru-
ments, equipment for measuring tensile,
shear, compression, hardness, rebound,
abrasion, rheological properties

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 63

 "ENZ-ATERIALS4ESTING)NSTRUMENTS
!TLAS-ATERIAL4ESTING4ECHNOLOGY
4HE FOLLOWING GRID LISTS THE TYPES OF INSTRU
MENTATION AND TEST EQUIPMENT OFFERED BY
SUPPLIERS %QUIPMENT FOR TESTING RUBBER

!PPLIED4EST3YSTEMS)NC
,EVERETT!!NDERSON#O
!METEK53'AUGE$IV
VULCANIZATES HAS BEEN BROKEN DOWN INTO
STRESSSTRAIN TESTS TIME DEPENDENT TESTS

!UTOMATION0RODUCTS
!CU 'AGE3YSTEMS

!LPHA4ECHNOLOGIES
DESTRUCTIVE TESTS DURABILITY AND ELECTRICAL

!SYLUM2ESEARCH
PROPERTIES)NSTRUMENTSANDTESTEQUIPMENT

#7"RABENDER
"ETA,ASER-IKE
"#!MES#O

!3- (ASBACH
FOR THE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERIALS

"ASLER6ISION
!CROLAB,TD
VULCANIZEDANDUNVULCANIZEDRUBBERINCLUDE

2$!BBOTT

!DMET)NC
SPECTROSCOPY CHROMATOGRAPHY THERMAL
ANALYSISANDMICROSCOPY

0ERMEABILITY s s
$URABILITY
)NSTRUMENTATIONEQUIPMENTFORTHETESTINGOFRUBBERVULCANIZATES

&LUIDRESISTANCE s s
(EATRESISTANCESTATIC s s s

(EATBUILD UP s s s s
$ESTRUCTIVE

&ATIGUE s s s s
TESTS

!BRASION s s s
#RACKANDCUTGROWTH s s s
$YNAMICTHERMOMECHANICAL s s s
4IME DEPENDENT

2EBOUNDANDRESILIENCE s s
TESTS

#REEPANDSTRESSRELAXATION s s s s
Set s s s
!DHESION s s s s s
3TRESSSTRAIN

(ARDNESS s s s s
TESTS

4EAR s s s s s
4ENSILE s s s s s
s s s
-ICROSCOPES

$IMENSIONS s s s s s s
0HYSICALTESTINGOFRUBBER

2AWMATERIALSVULCANIZEDAND s s s s s
UNVULCANIZEDRUBBERTESTING

0ROCESSABILITYTESTING s s s s s s

$ISSIPATIONFACTOR s
%LECTRICAL
PROPERTIES

$IELECTRICSTRENGTH s
$IELECTRICCONSTANT s
"RITTLENESS s s
$URABILITY

7EATHERINGRESISTANCE s
/ZONERESISTANCE s

64 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 s
s
s
s
s
Brookhaven Instruments

s
CDS Analytical, Inc.

s
s
s
s
Cober, Inc.

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Corporate Consulting Services

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Dek-Tron Scientific Instruments

s
Despatch Industries

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Dewes Gumbs Die and Presses

s
s
s
s
Dillon

s
s
Eagle Polymer Equipment

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Ektron Tek Co.

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Elastocon AB

s
s
Electronic Development Labs

s
s
s Electro Standards Laboratories

s
Emerson Apparatus

s
s

Endurica, LLC

s
s
Exova

s
FISA North America

s
Forte Technology

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s

Goettfert

s
s
s

Gomaplast Machinery, Inc.

s
s
s
GreCon

s
s
Hamamatsu Corporation

s
Harris Instruments

s
s
s
s

Hoto Instruments

s
s
s
s
s
s

Hydramotion

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld

s
s

Imada, Inc.

s
s
s
s

Imass, Inc.

65
 The following grid lists the types of instru-
mentation and test equipment offered by

Mesabi Control Engineering

suppliers. Equipment for testing rubber

Indy Tech Lab Equipment

Malvern Instruments, Inc.

vulcanizates has been broken down into
stress/strain tests; time-dependent tests;

ISRA Surface Vision

J&L Tool & Machine

Leica Microsystems
Instron Corporation
destructive tests; durability and electrical

LMI Technologies
properties. Instruments and test equipment

Maag Automatik
J.M. Machinery

Mast/Keystone
for the chemical analysis of raw materials,

Malcam, Ltd.
Kokusai, Inc.
KLA-Tencor

Meeco, Inc.
vulcanized and unvulcanized rubber include
spectroscopy; chromatography; thermal

Indusco
Impakt
analysis; and microscopy.

Permeability s s
Durability
Instrumentation/equipment for the testing of rubber vulcanizates

Fluid resistance s
Heat resistance (static)
s s

Heat build-up s s
Destructive

Fatigue s s
tests

Abrasion s s

Crack and cut growth s s

Dynamic/thermomechanical s s s s s
Time-dependent

Rebound and resilience s s s

tests

Creep and stress relaxation s s s s s

Set s s s s s

Adhesion s s s
Stress/strain

Hardness s s s
tests

Tear s s s s s

Tensile s s s s s s

Microscopes s s
Dimensions s s s s s
Physical testing of rubber

Raw materials, vulcanized and s s s s s

unvulcanized rubber testing

Processability testing s s s s s s s s

Dissipation factor s
properties
Electrical

Dielectric strength s s
Dielectric constant s s
Brittleness s
Durability

Weathering resistance s
Ozone resistance s s

66 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 s
s
s
s
Mettler-Toledo, Inc.

s
s
s
s
Micromeritics Instrument Corporation

s
s
Micro-Vu

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
MonTech USA

s
s
s
s
MTI Instruments

s
MTS Systems

s
s
s
NDC Infrared Engineering

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Netzsch Instruments North America

s
Newage Testing Instruments

s
s
s
s
s
Nikon, Inc.

s
OAI (Optical Associates Inc.)

s
s
s
s
s
ODC Tooling and Molds

s
s
OHMIC Instruments

s
Olympus-NDT

s
s
Ontario Die International

s
s
s
s
s

Ontario Die International (USA)

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s

Orec Ozone Chambers and Monitors

s
Oxford Instruments

s
Pacific Transducer

s
Perkin Elmer Instruments
s
s
s

Piedmont Polymer Equipment

s
PLV Systems

s
s
s
s

Polymer Machinery Company

s
s
s
s
s
s

PPD Group

s
s
Precision Quincy Ovens

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld

s
s
s
s
s
s

Prescott Instruments

s
s
Princo Instruments

67
 PTC Instruments/PTC Metrology

Shimadzu Scientific Instruments

Sikora International Corporation

The following grid lists the types of instru-

RWC Testing & Lab Supplies

mentation and test equipment offered by

Signature Control Systems

suppliers. Equipment for testing rubber

Rockwell Automation, Inc.

Satra Technology Center

vulcanizates has been broken down into

Quest Intergrated, Inc.

stress/strain tests; time-dependent tests;

Schenck Corporation
Rex Guage Co., Inc.

TA Instruments, Inc.
Qualitest USA, LLC
destructive tests; durability and electrical

Q-Lab Corporation

Starrett Bytewise
properties. Instruments and test equipment

Taber Industries

Tavdi Co., Inc.

for the chemical analysis of raw materials,

Scanco USA
vulcanized and unvulcanized rubber include
spectroscopy; chromatography; thermal
analysis; and microscopy.

Permeability s s s s
Durability
Instrumentation/equipment for the testing of rubber vulcanizates

Fluid resistance s s s
Heat resistance (static) s s

Heat build-up s s s
Destructive

Fatigue s s s s
tests

Abrasion s s s s
Crack and cut growth s s
Dynamic/thermomechanical s s s
Time-dependent

Rebound and resilience s s s

tests

Creep and stress relaxation s s s

Set s s s s
Adhesion s
Stress/strain

Hardness s s s s s s s
tests

Tear s
Tensile s s

Microscopes s s s
Dimensions s s s s s
Physical testing of rubber

Raw materials, vulcanized and s s s s s

unvulcanized rubber testing

Processability testing s s s
Dissipation factor s
properties
Electrical

Dielectric strength s
Dielectric constant s
Brittleness s s s
Durability

Weathering resistance s s
Ozone resistance s

68 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

 s
Tensitron, Inc.

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
Testing Machines, Inc.

s
s
s
Testo, Inc.

s
s
s
Thermo Scientific

s
s
s
Thermotron Industries

s
s
s
s
s Thwing-Albert Instruments Co.

s
s
s
Tinius Olsen Testing Machine Co.

s
s
s
TSI Incorporated

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
U-Can

s
s
s
United Calibration Corporation

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s

United Testing Systems

s
s
s
s
United Testing Systems, Inc.

s
s
s
Vindum Engineering, Inc.
s
s

VTEC Laboratories, Inc.

s
s
Wabash MPI

s
s
s
s
s
s
s

Wallace Instruments

s
s
Webber Manufacturing Co.

s
s
s
s
s

Williamson

s
s

Willrich Precision

s
s

Winters Instruments

s
s
s
s
s
s
s

Wyoming Test Fixtures, Inc.

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld

s
Carl Zeiss, Inc.

s
s
s
s

Zumbach Electronics Corp.

69

rubber.org
Training and education are essential to
maintaining a qualified workforce and for a
student to be competitive when searching
for a job in the industry. Procedures and best
practices are continuously changing within
our industry and to stay ahead or on top of
trends, Rubber Division, ACS provides you an
opportunity to invest in your company and its
future and increase the knowledge base of
your employees by offering training courses
throughout the year.
Visit rubber.org/upcoming-training for
more information about these courses,
including full descriptions, pricing,
CEUs and more.
Rubber Division, ACS 2018 Courses
Elastomer Training Center in Akron, OH
Advanced Rubber Technology – February 13-15
Natural Polymers, Renewable Resources – February 27-March 1
Introduction to Compounding, Testing and Mixing of Elastomers –
classroom March 6 & 7, tours March 8
Silicone Basics – March 8
Intro to Rubber Technology for
Non-Technologists – March 20
Molding of Rubber – March 21
Introduction to Rubber Bonding – March 22
Intermediate to Advanced Compounding and
Testing of Rubber – classroom April 10-12,
tours April 13
Understanding Raw Materials, the Building Blocks
of Rubber Compounding – April 23
Compounding for Performance – April 24 & 25
Solving Problems in Rubber Compounding
and Processing – April 26
Dynamic Rubber Design – May 1 & 2
An Introduction to Continuous Vulcanization – May 7
An Introduction to Flexible Cellular Rubber – May 8 & 9
Chemistry & Technology of Polyurethane Elastomers – May 10
Failure Analysis of Rubber & Plastics by Physical and Chemical
Analysis – May 11
Essentials of Rubber Technology – May 14
Silicone Rubber Chemistry and Technology – May 14
Compound Mixing and Consistency – May 15
Establishing a Rubber Molding Process – May 15
Applied Rubber Technology – May 16 & 17
Educational Symposium during our International
Elastomer Conference in Louisville, KY
Introduction to Rubber Technology for Non-Technologists –
October 9
Essentials of Rubber Technology – October 9
Silicone Rubber Chemistry and Technology – October 9
Introduction to Bonding – October 10
Compound Mixing and Consistency – October 10
Establishing a Rubber Molding Process – October 10
Silicone Basics – October 11
Internal Mixers and Mixing Parameters – October 11
 Meetings
Rubber Division offers training
Training and educational opportunities
are offered by the Rubber Division of the
American Chemical Society throughout
the year. Upcoming training opportuni-
ties, to be held at the Elastomer Training
Center in Akron, OH, will include the
following:
s Advanced Rubber Technology
(February 13-15): This course will pro-
vide professionals with an in-depth under-
standing of rubber products. In addition to
learning the science, practical topics such
as production-scale synthesis, character-
ization, processing and curing will be cov-
ered, along with biomedical applications
of rubber.
s Natural Polymers, Renewable
Resources (February 27 - March 1): This
course with a textbook strives to intro-
duce, educate and inspire scientists, engi-
neers and managers, including a new
generation, to polymer science from a
bio-based approach.
s Introduction to Compounding,
Testing and Mixing of Elastomers (March
6-8): This seminar will present an over-
view of compounding elastomers. Topics
will include elastomers, fillers, oils/plasti-
cizers and curing agents. Also discussed
will be the mixing and testing of elas-
tomer compounds and how to select an
elastomer for a given application.
s Silicone Basics (March 8): This
course will cover silicone characteristics
and benefits, different types, how it is
made, curing, silica powders, additives,
HCR processing and LSR differences.
s Introduction to Rubber Technology
for Non-Technologists (March 20): This
course is geared towards those new to the
rubber industry, including those work-
ing in engineering, sales, administration,
human resources or any other non-techni-
cal area, looking for a very basic, easy to
understand introduction to the jargon of
the rubber trade.
s Molding of Rubber (March 21): This
course is an introduction to one of the
main processes in the industry, the form-
ing and vulcanization of rubber products
by use of molds. After an introduction
to basic rubber technology, participants
will explore the major variations of the
molding process, which are compression,
transfer and injection molding.
s Introduction to Rubber Bonding
(March 22): This course is designed for
those whose operations include or will
include the bonding of rubber compounds
to solid substrates (metals, plastics, etc.)
wanting to learn about the chemistry,
mechanics and overall methods for

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 Meetings
achieving and evaluating such bonds.
Continuing Education Units are
awarded for those completing the cours-
Rubber Group News
The Bourbon Trail Elastomer Group will
hold its spring technical meeting April 19
in Cincinnati, OH. Details are available at
www.bourbontrailelastomergroup.org.
The Chicago Rubber Group will hold
the course, Basics of Rubber Technology,
March 13-15 at SKF Sealing Solutions in
Elgin, IL. The course fee is $375 and the
deadline to sign up is February 20. The
CRG is also taking applications and nomi-
nations, respectively, for the Harold Stark
Memorial Scholarship and Robert Kann
Education Award. The deadline is March
1. Further information is available at www.
chicagorubbergroup.org.
The Fort Wayne Rubber & Plastics
Group will hold a technical meeting on
February 8 at Ceruti's in Fort Wayne, IN. The
Full Line of Durometers Analog / Digital
Test Block Kits
Constant Load Weights
Durometer Stands
Calibrators
Software
Printers
Material Thickness Gauges
O-Ring Fixture Set
Complies with ASTM D2240
Models for A, D, B, C, DO, O, OO, OOO, M
REX GAUGE COMPANY, INC.
A DIVISION OF SCHULTES PRECISION MANUFACTURING
1250 Busch Parkway Buffalo Grove, IL 60089
Visit our Web Site @www.rexgauge.com
72 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
es. Further information on these training
opportunities is available from Christie
Robinson at crobinson@rubber.org.
FWRPG will hold a technical meeting at the
same location on April 12. Further informa-
tion is available at www.fwrpg.org.
The Los Angeles Rubber Group will
hold its TIPS Meeting and Casino Night
February 6 at The Phoenix Club in Anaheim,
CA. Details are available at www.tlargi.org.
The Michigan Rubber Group will hold
a technical meeting March 14 in Grand
Rapids, MI. Details are available at www.
michiganrubbergroup.com.
The New England Rubber & Plastics
Group will hold its 2018 spring technical
meeting on April 3. Further information is
available at www.nerpg.org.
The Ohio Rubber Group will hold
its spring technical meeting April 10 at
the Hilton Garden Inn in Twinsburg, OH.
Details are available at www.ohiorubber-
group.org.
800/927-3982
LOCAL: 847/465-9009 FAX: 847/465-9229
Paper calls
Rubber Division, American Chemical
Society. The Rubber Division, ACS, is
accepting abstracts for the 194th Technical
Meeting, Student Colloquium and Poster
Session, to be held during the International
Elastomer Conference, October 9-11 at
the Kentucky International Convention
Center in Louisville, KY.
Symposia for the 194th Technical
Meeting will include the following: Tire
Processing, Manufacturing and Testing
Equipment; Heat, Fluid and Flame
Resistant Elastomers; Thermoplastics
and Specialty Elastomers; Advances in
Material and Processes of Car and Truck
Tires; Aging and Stability of Rubber -
Additives and Mechanisms; Contributed
Session; Plasticizers and Processing
Promoters; Natural and Renewable
Materials for Rubber; Advances in
Synthetic Elastomers; New Commercial
Developments; Nano Fillers for Rubber
Reinforcement; Rubber Testing and
Characterization; Rubber Industry in
China; Reducing Carbon Footprint;
Rubber Friction and Abrasion; and
Standardization.
The abstract deadline is April 16.
Papers are due September 10. Further
information is available from Linda
McClure at (330) 595-5543; or at www.
rubberiec.org.
M.R. Mold & Engineering. Silicone
experts and industry leaders will convene
at LSR 2018, to be held September 11-13
at the Sheraton Park Hotel in Anaheim,
CA, to discuss technological and scien-
tific developments and new commercial
uses for liquid silicone rubber (LSR) and
related materials. Participants will learn
about new silicone chemistry, novel pro-
cessing and manufacturing techniques,
emerging technologies, market dynamics
and new business directions for LSR.
Companies interested in presenting
a paper should submit their abstracts by
March 1 to Amos Golovoy at agolovoy@
gmail.com. Further informaton on the
conference is available at www.executive-
conference.com/conferences/lsr2018/.
 ®
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2018 Rubber Division, ACS Events

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May 8-10, 2018 4
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Visit rubberiec.org to Industry Professionals & Students - Call for Abstracts

learn more or to secure Rubber Division, ACS is accepting abstracts for the 194th Technical
your exhibit space today! Meeting, Student Colloquium & Poster Session. Deadline is April 16th,
2018. Visit rubberiec.org to view the Technical Meeting session topics
and to submit an abstract.
Calendar
Future
Meetings/
Expos
2018
Indianapolis May 8-10
Louisville October 9-11
2019
Cleveland October 7-10
www.rubber.org
TechnoBiz, Thermoforming Thin and
Thick Gauge, Crowne Plaza Tampa West-
shore, Tampa, FL, www.plastics-industry.
org - January 24-25.
Ohio Rubber Group, technical meeting,
Hilton Garden Inn, Twinsburg, OH, www.
ohiorubbergroup.org - January 30.
February
Los Angeles Rubber Group, TIPS
Meeting and Casino Night, The Phoenix
Club, Anaheim, CA, www.tlargi.org -
February 6.
Association of Modified Asphalt Pro-
ducers, 19th Annual AMAP Conference
& Workshop, Sheraton Grand, Phoenix,
AZ, www.modifiedasphalt.org - February
6-8.
Fort Wayne Rubber & Plastics Group,
technical meeting, Ceruti's, Fort Wayne,
IN, www.fwrpg.org - February 8.
University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee,
Silicone Elastomers Technology and
Fabrication course, Embassy Suites,
Anaheim, CA, www.uwm.edu/sce-rubber
- February 12-15.
Rubber Division, ACS, Advanced Rub-
ber Technology, Elastomer Training Cen-
ter, Akron, OH, www.rubber.org/upcom-
ing-training - February 13-15.
UKIP Media & Events Ltd., Tire
Technology Expo 2018, Deutsche Messe,
Hannover, Germany, www.tiretechnolo-
gy-expo.com - February 20-22.
Tire Industry Association, 63rd Off-
The-Road Tire Conference, Sawgrass
Marriott Golf Resort, Ponte Vedra, FL,
www.tireindustry.org - February 21-24.
Rubber Division, ACS, Natural Poly-
mers, Renewable Resources, Elastomer
Training Center, Akron, OH, www.rub-
ber.org/upcoming-training - February 27
- March 1.
March
JEC Group, JEC World 2018 Inter-
national Composites Show, Paris-Nord
Villepinte, Paris, France, www.jeccom-
posites.com - March 6-8.
Rubber Division, ACS, Introduction to
Compounding, Testing and Mixing of
Elastomers, Elastomer Training Center,
Akron, OH, www.rubber.org/upcoming-
training - March 6-8.
Rubber Division, ACS, Silicone Basics,
Elastomer Training Center, Akron, OH,
www.rubber.org/upcoming-training -
March 8.
University of Akron, Akron Polymer
Technology Services, Rubber Bushing
Designing for Automotive and Commer-
cial Application course, Akron Polymer
Training Center, Akron, OH, www.uak-
ron.edu/apts/ - March 13-14.
Chicago Rubber Group, Basics of
Rubber Technology 2018, SKF College,
Elgin, IL, www.chicagorubbergroup.org
- March 13-15.
Michigan Rubber Group, technical
meeting, Grand Rapids, MI, www.michi-
ganrubbergroup.com - March 14.
TechnoBiz, GRTE 2018 Global Rubber,
Latex & Tire Expo, Bangkok, Thailand,
www.rubbertechnology-expo.com - www.npe.org - May 7-11.
March 14-16.
Rubber Division, ACS, Introduction
to Rubber Technology for Non-
Technologists, Elastomer Training Center,
Akron, OH, www.rubber.org/upcoming-
training - March 20.
Rubber Division, ACS, Molding of
Rubber, Elastomer Training Center,
Akron, OH, www.rubber.org/upcoming-
training - March 21.
Rubber Division, ACS, Introduction
to Rubber Bonding, Elastomer Training
Center, Akron, OH, www.rubber.org/
upcoming-training - March 22.
April
Los Angeles Rubber Group, TIPS
meeting and dinner, Knott's Berry Farm
Hotel, Buena Park, CA, www.tlargi.org
- April 3.
Ohio Rubber Group, technical meeting,
Hilton Garden Inn, Twinsburg, OH, www.
ohiorubbergroup.org - April 10.
Automated Imaging Association, AIA
Vision Show, Hynes Convention Center,
Boston, MA, www.visionshow.org - April
10-12.
Fort Wayne Rubber & Plastics Group,
technical meeting, Ceruti's, Fort Wayne,
IN, www.fwrpg.org - April 12.
Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries,
ISRI Annual Convention and Exposition,
Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, Las
Vegas, NV, www.isri2018.org - April
14-19.
Bourbon Trail Elastomer Group, spring
technical meeting, Cincinnati, OH, www.
bourbontrailelastomergroup.org - April
19.
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld
For additional calendar
information click here:
Adsale Exhibition Services Ltd.,
Chinaplas 2018, National Exhibition and
Convention Center, Hongqiao, Shanghai,
China - www.chinaplasonline.com - April
24-27.
Rapid Medtech Communications
Ltd., Med-Tech Innovation Expo: The
Medical Technology Event, Ricoh Arena,
Coventry, U.K., www.med-techexpo.com
- April 25-26.
May
International Rubber Study Group,
World Rubber Summit 2018, Colombo,
Sri Lanka, www.rubberstudy.com - May
7-8.
International Institute of Synthetic
Rubber Producers, 59th Annual General
Meeting, Madrid, Spain, www.iisrp.com
- May 7-10.
Plastics Industry Association, NPE
2018: The Plastics Show, Orlando, FL,
Rubber Division, American Chemical
Society, 193rd Technical Meeting, Hyatt
Regency, Indianapolis, IN, www rubber.
org - May 8-10.
Chicago Rubber Group, spring techni-
cal meeting, Hawk's View Country Club,
Lake Geneva, WI, www.chicagorubber-
group.org - May 14.
VBRI Press, International Conference
on Plastics and Rubber Technology,
Stockholm, Sweden, www.vbripress.com
- May 14-17.
Messe Frankfurt, Techtextil North
America, Georgia World Congress
Center, Atlanta, GA, www.messefrank-
furt.com - May 22-24.
Urethanes Technology International,
Utech Europe 2018, MECC, Maastricht,
The Netherlands, www.utecheurope.eu -
May 29-31.
Koelnmesse GmbH, The Tire Cologne,
Northern Halls of Koelnmesse, Cologne,
Germany, www.thetire-cologne.com -
May 29 - June 1.
Michigan Rubber Group, golf outing,
East Lansing, MI, www.michiganrubber-
group.com - May 31.
June
Fort Wayne Rubber & Plastics Group,
annual golf outing, Maxwelton Golf
Club, Syracuse, IN, www.fwrpg.org -
June 14.
Fort Wayne Rubber & Plastics Group,
technical meeting, Ceruti's, Fort Wayne,
IN, www.fwrpg.org - June 14.
Ohio Rubber Group, golf outing, Yankee
Run Golf Course, Brookfield Twp., OH,
www.ohiorubbergroup.org - June 19.
75
 Hotlinks Corporate Sponsor
RubberWorld Hotlinks
Rex Gauge (www.durometer.com) has been specializing in quality durom-
eters made in the U.S.A. for over 70 years. Rex Gauge prides itself on the
fact that its durometers are easy and convenient to use, as well as durable
and extremely accurate. The company’s personnel are truly professionals
in their trade, as is evident in the fine workmanship and quality that go into
each gauge, from the first calibration to the final approval before delivery to
the customer.
Durometer models featured on the company’s informative website include
various types. Type A durometers are used for soft rubber, plastics, elastomers
and printers’ rolls. Type D durometers are used for hard rubber, plastics and
thermoplastics, flooring and bowling balls. Type B durometers are used for
hard elastomers, hard plastics, paper, fibrous materials and materials above
93A durometer hardness. Type C durometers are used for medium hard
materials, plastics and elastomers. Type DO durometers are used for dense
granulars and textile windings. Type O durometers are used for very soft elastomers, textile windings and granular materials below
20A durometer hardness. Type OO durometers are used for light foams and sponge rubber gels. Type OOO durometers are used for
ultra soft gels and sponge rubber. Type M durometers are used for checking materials thinner than .250” (as thin as 0.50”).
Durometer accessories provided by Rex Gauge include operating stands, test block kits, constant load weights, o-ring fixturing,
calibrators, and more.
The durometer is the international standard for the hardness measurement of rubber, plastic and other non-metallic materials.
Durometers are described in the ASTM specification D-2240, the recognized specification for the instrument and test procedure.
Rex Gauge offers the Model MTG air-dampened benchtop contact thickness gauge (ASTM D3767). The MTG accurately and
conveniently performs geometric dimensional testing (thickness measurement) on rubber, fabrics, foams, tapes/films and a wide
assortment of other soft materials.

CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT CUSTOM MIXING & COMPOUNDING
R. D. Abbott 2KM North America Inc. Airboss Rubber Compounding
Akrochem Corporation Deublin Cri-Tech, Inc.
Akron Dispersions, Inc. French Oil Mill Machinery Co., The
Eagle Elastomer
AkzoNobel Gomaplast Machinery
H.L. Blachford Ltd. Grieve Corporation Hexpol Compounding
R. E. Carroll, Inc. Guill Tool and Engineering Co. Hoosier Racing Tire
Cabot Corporation Guyson Soucy Techno Inc
Chem-Trend Hilma Div. of Carr Lane Roemheld Valley Processing
Cri-Tech, Inc. Hydratecs Injection Equipment Valley Rubber Mixing
Finite Fiber Maplan Machinery + Planning
Firestone Polymers Nerpco USA LLC
Goldsmith & Eggleton Reliable Rubber & Plastic Machinery Co. CUSTOM SERVICES
H&R Group REP Corp. Conitex Sonoco
HallStar Company Sprinter Marking
Harwick Standard Technical Machine Products MOLD RELEASES
Hydratecs Injection Equipment Troester Machinery Ltd.
Chem-Trend Limited Partnership
INTERBUSINESS USA, INC. VMI
McLube Wabash Franklynn Industries
Polychem Dispersions McLube
Polymer Valley Chemicals, Inc. TESTING EQUIPMENT / LABORATORIES Release Coatings of New York
Renkert Oil Akron Rubber Development Laboratory, Inc.
H.M. Royal DeFelsko Corporation
Endurica CUSTOM CALENDERING
RSS, LLC
Sid Richardson Carbon & Energy Hoosier Racing Tire Hoosier Racing Tire
Struktol Corporation Rex Gauge
Vanderbilt Chemicals LLC Standards Testing Laboratories
Wacker Silicones Corp. TA Instruments
Zeon Chemicals

76 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

@ rubberworld.com
Smithers Rapra (www.smithersrapra.com) delivers industry-
leading rubber and plastics expertise, from product concept to
launch and beyond. Smithers Rapra encompasses what was
previously Rapra Technology Ltd., established in the United
Kingdom in 1919, and Smithers Scientific Services, established
in the United States in 1925. Over the past 90 years, Smithers
Rapra has become a global leader in rubber, plastics and poly-
mer testing, consulting services, and conferences, training,
publications and market reports, focused mainly on the tire,
industrial, automotive, consumer and medical industries.
Smithers Rapra has a unique mix of on-site expertise and
facilities, enabling the application of an integrated approach to problem solving. Its core capabilities lie in the skills and experi-
ence of its people, many of whom are recognized and accepted as leading experts in their field. With access to full service testing
facilities, offices and analysis laboratories, Smithers Rapra’s experts have a broad tool kit when guiding customers with technical
consulting, along with industry related publications, training and conferences to help develop an organization and its products.
Understanding the performance of tires and tire mechanics is critical in determining their influence on the ride, handling and
safety of cars, commercial vehicles and airplanes. Smithers recognizes the importance and legislative demands for accurate tire
mechanics, and assists businesses and individuals with tire testing to understand tire construction, material selection and lifetime
expectations. Extensive physical testing of tires in Smithers’ tire testing laboratory is supported by compound development, analysis
and a full failure analysis service.
While they differ in several ways, rubber seals, o-rings and gaskets all serve the same basic function: to join two parts of a
machine or engine by filling and sealing the space between them. Smithers Rapra is fully equipped to offer a variety of laboratory
testing services for rubber seals, o-rings and gaskets. Experts can advise on the best standard testing package for a product, or design
a custom procedure.

TA Instruments (www.tainstruments.com) has a reputation for high

technology products, quality manufacturing and unbeatable after sales
support. TA Instruments is the only thermal analysis, rheology, micro-
calorimetry and mechanical analysis supplier recognized worldwide
for its prompt, courteous and knowledgeable service staff. The firm’s
technical support group is committed to handling all of its custom-
ers’ thermal analysis, rheology and mechanical testing needs. TA
Instruments’ products are innovative, accurate, easy-to-use and reli-
able. Each represents an unparalleled investment because it is designed
with the customer in mind, delivers outstanding performance and is
backed by superior customer support.
Discovery TGA 5500, TGA 550 and TGA 55 thermogravimetric
analyzers feature an all-new system design resulting in unprecedented
performance in sensitivity, temperature control, atmosphere control
and baseline drift. At the core of every new Discovery TGA is the
exclusive TA proprietary Tru-Mass balance system, which delivers the highest sensitivity and most accurate real time weight data
in the industry. A new app-style user interface is standard with each model. The Discovery TGA measures sample weight changes
under controlled conditions of temperature, time and atmosphere. It is used to characterize the thermal stability and composition of
a wide range of materials, including polymers, elastomers, composites, pharmaceuticals, electronics and inorganics. It excels in both
research environments and production control processes.
Other products provided by TA Instruments include rheological measurement systems, microcalorimeter systems providing the
ultimate in sensitivity, ruggedness and versatility, ElectroForce mechanical testing instruments for the dynamic characterization of a
range of materials, thermal conductivity meters, flash diffusivity instruments, dilatometers, and a complete line of new instruments
for the measurement of rheological and physical properties of polymers, rubber and rubber compounds at all stages of manufacture.
If you would like your web site featured here contact your sales rep
Dennis Kennelly, dennis@rubberworld.com or Mike Dies, mike@rubberworld.com
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 77
 Suppliers Showcase
Thickness and weight measurement system
The Gemini full width measurement system for the web
industries is a non-traversing x-ray array measurement system
that combines web inspection and web gauging into a sin-
gle platform for full-width, instantaneous,
100% product inspection and measurement
without electromechanical scanners that
sample just a fraction of the total product.
The Gemini system starts measuring at the
product's surface and continues through the
entire material to construct and analyze a
complete picture of quality.
The system is a non-scanning, non-con-
tact, full-width measurement array platform
utilizing multiple x-ray sources and receivers. Gemini's x-ray
technology is able to immediately detect, display and report
non-visible defects that are embedded within the product using
high-speed, continuous measurement that can detect defects
down to <1 mm.
The system includes intuitive quality maps that show data
Tangent delta testing
Tangent of delta (tan delta) quantifies the way a material
absorbs and returns mechanical energy. It is a measure of the
out-of-phase time relationship between an impact and the
resultant force transmitted to the supporting body. Materials
that show the highest phase shift, approaching 90°, have the
highest capability to dissipate energy. Tan delta is an indica-
tion of the material's effectiveness in damping vibrations. The
higher the tan delta, the greater the damping coefficient, the
more efficient the material will be in effectively accomplish-
ing energy absorption and dispersal. With the installation of a
load cell, the AYO-IV testing system now measures tan delta
directly in seconds. (Tavdi Company)
www.tavdico.com
High temperature gel permeation chromatography
The most important attribute of a polymer material is said to
be its basic chemical structure. The composition of the poly-
mer determines basic inherent properties that can be expect-
ed, such as chemical compatibility, softening temperature,
melting temperature and mechanical properties, for example.
Next in importance is said to be molecular weight and
molecular weight distribution. There are methods of analysis
that reveal an average molecular weight. Melt flow rate, melt
flow index, membrane osmometry, end-group analysis and
dilute solution viscosity are a few examples.
One of the most common methods used to determine the
molecular weight distribution of polymers is gel permeation
chromatography (GPC), which is also known as size exclu-
78 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
Testing/Instruments
in a video format, including 3D analysis software, so that
defects both on the surface and within the product can be
quickly identified for later removal. Real-time displays and
alarms show defect sizes and their locations
for easy downstream removal. Defect infor-
mation is captured, categorized and saved
locally and can be exported and archived for
further analysis.
With instantaneous thickness and weight
measurement, the Gemini FWM system
is said to offer the ultimate in high-speed
quality visibility without data filtering or
measurement delays, as experienced with
conventional scanning equipment. Gemini's instantaneous true
weight or thickness measurement is processed with ultra-fast
high resolution to provide insight into quality. Current applica-
tions include rubber tires, TPO roofing and fiberglass insula-
tion. (AIS Gauging)
www.aisgauging.com
Elastomer/polymer testing
This independent elastomer and polymer testing expert is said
to be one of the world's leading contract research organiza-
tions, providing reliable, high quality testing services to a large
and varied client base since 1984. The firm provides product
and material testing and analysis, pharmaceutical tesing,
design and manufacture, failure analysis, tire testing and bio-
technology services. The organization's state-of-the-art labo-
ratories are based in the United Kingdom, with more than 80
scientists, technologists and supporting staff available to assist
customers. The testing firm also provides in-depth analysis,
interpretation of results and solutions to customer problems.
(Rubber Consultants)
www.rubberconsultants.com
sion chromatography (SEC). To evaluate a polymer using
GPC, the polymer must be soluble and is filtered to remove
insoluble components such as fillers and additives.
Many solvents are routinely used to dissolve polymer
materials. There are some polymers, polyolefins for exam-
ple, that are not soluble at room temperature and therefore
require special solvent selection and dissolution at a high
temperature. Conventional GPC is not an adquate technique.
The company employs high-temperature gel permeation
chromatography (HT-GPC) in its material testing services,
which must be employed to ensure the successful determi-
nation of molecular weight. (Polymer Solutions)
www.polymersolutions.com
 Suppliers Showcase
Automated manufacturing
The third generation ACOMP products is an automated smart
manufacturing system that continuously analyzes polymers
during production and produces realtime insights into reaction
kinetics and polymer properties, including residual mono-
mer, monomer conversion, polymer composition, molecular
weight and intrinsic viscosity. Earlier generation ACOMPs,
by realitme measurement of intrinsic viscoisty and monomer
conversion down to low parts per million levels, enabled a
customer to optimize batch cycle time by an average of 17%.
Improvements to the third generation ACOMP include an
enhanced software user interface and analytics functionality,
an upgraded detector train and new smart sensors. The newest
generation ACOMP also has a higher temperature throughput
which allows it to process a broader range of polymer applica-
tions. (Fluence Analytics)
www.fluenceanalytics.com
Analog durometer
The AD-100 analog durometer is said to be the ideal choice for
a wide range of durometer hardness measuring applications.
The AD-100 is said to be the result of years of experience pro-
viding high quality durometers. Featuring a .79" (18 mm) footer,
the AD-100 offers outstanding stability and conforms to all
international standards, according to the company. The AD-100
displays hardness readings on an easy-to-read analog scale cali-
brated in 0-100 durometer units. An optional memory pointer
holds the reading until manually reset, allowing the operator to
concentrate on the measurement task. This feature is also said to
be valuable when using the gauge in a position where viewing
the dial is obstructed. (RWC Testing & Lab Supplies)
www.rwctesting.com
High-force dynamic mechanical analyzer
The ElectroForce DMA 3200 is said to combine industry-
leading fatigue and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)
technologies into a single mechanical test platform with
unparalleled performance, according to the manu-
facturer.
Mechanical properties are said to often be con-
sidered the most important of all physical proper-
ties of materials. These are critical to understanding
material and component applications in nearly every
industry, including automotive, aerospace, medical
devices, electronics, polymers, elastomers, compos-
ites and many more. DMA quantifies the modulus
and energy loss of materials over a wide range of
temperatures, frequencies or strains. Fatigue testing
provides insights on how and when materials, com-
ponents or devices fail when subjected to oscillating forces
or stresses. These insights into material behavior ensure
reliable product performance and prove out lifetime claims,
Testing/Instruments
Stress relaxation tester
The EB 21 LTHTP aging oven has four cells with individual
control of both the air exchange rate, as well as the tempera-
ture. This is said to be the first oven that can offer individual
temperature control for an oven
with programmable cycling tem-
perature. The cooling is done with
tap water, and to be able to reach
standard laboratory temperature,
the water temperature should not
exceed +18°C. Water consumption
is very low. Maximum temperature is 300°C. This enables
automatic relaxation tests according to ISO 3384-B and SAE
J2979 where the force measurements are done at standard
laboratory temperature, without the need to lift the jigs out
of the oven for cooling in the ambient temperature. Now
users can test four different single samples/materials in indi-
vidual temperature cycling, in the same oven at the same time.
(Elastocon AB)
www.elastocon.se
Small batch mixing
The MXI 1L laboratory kneader mixer has been installed at the
company's analytical laboratory to allow for higher precision
and more efficient mixing of custom compounds. The mixer's
intermeshing rotors assist with excellent distributive, dispersive
and reactive mixing. With these features, the mixer is said to be
ideal for high viscosity stocks, silica and specialty rubber goods
that require low temperature mixing. Utilizing laboratory-sized
mixers is said to allow clients to accurately and cost-effectively
perform studies on rubber compounding. (Smithers Rapra)
www.smithersrapra.com
according to the manufacturer.
At the heart of the DMA 3200 is the patented, friction-
less ElectroForce motor. With 500 N of force, it extends the
range of DMA experiments to much larger samples
and higher loads. It has high acceleration and is reli-
able enough to perform billions of fatigue cycles. It
is the only motor in any mechanical testing system
with a 10-year warranty, according to the company.
The new platform of the DMA 3200 is said to
combine the strengths of the company's DMA tech-
nologies with the performance of the ElectroForce
motor, acquired from Bose. No two instruments,
from any combination of vendors, can match the
DMA and fatigue performance of the 3200, accord-
ing to the manufacturer. The system is available with
multiple furnace options to accommodate standard and large
sample sizes, multiple cooling options, etc. (TA Instruments)
www.tainstruments.com
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 79
 Suppliers Showcase
Test laboratory for customer testing of LIM
A testing laboratory is available for customer testing of
LIM (liquid injection molding), compression molding and
other applications. Company presses available for testing
include two MicroLIM machines
with a Graco #622 meter mix; a
30-ton Genesis compression press
with proportional control of pres-
sure and temperature; a Carver
30-ton Auto Series press; A
Carver 12-ton Model C, heated
and cooled; and a five-ton Sterling
chiller.
The company is said to be a
leading international supplier of
standard and custom presses to
the medical, aerospace, recreation,
automotive, education and energy
markets. Applications include ASTM polymer testing, prop-
pant crush testing, liquid silicone, and rubber, plastics and
Capillary rheometers
The RH2000 series of benchtop capillary rheometers includes
compact systems said to be capable of most testing requirements
encountered in capillary rheometry. The series is available in
both single bore or twin bore configurations, the RH2100 and
RH2200, respectively. Both versions are said to incorporate
many of the features and attributes found on the floor standing
models (Rosand RH 7 and 10). A digital drive system is said
to give the RH2000 series unsurpassed speed control, accuracy
and dynamic operating range. The hardware is supported by
Windows based Flowmaster software. (Malvern Instruments)
www.malvern.com
Visualization of compression molding
Compression molding is said to be a common process in
manufacturing complex composite components for industrial
applications. Sheet molding compound (SMC), glass mat
thermoplastic (GMT) and pre-impregnated (pre-preg) are the
most common compression molding processes used in com-
posite component manufacturing. However, since the rheo-
logical properties of composite materials have both solid and
fluid behaviors, simulation is said to become a challenge.
Commercial software is designed to calculate either fluid
behavior or structure deformation, and those calculations are
derived from different equations.
SMC, formed using the compression molding process,
can now be analyzed by integrated numerical simulation.
The integration method, involving both computational struc-
80 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
Testing/Instruments
composites molding machines for compression, transfer
molding, laminating and trimming. The company also offers
custom engineered presses, as well as used and reconditioned
presses.
The company offers two-col-
umn and four-column benchtop,
manual and automatic hydraulic
laboratory presses with clamp-
ing capacities from 12 to 48 tons.
The company's presses are said
to be suited for various materi-
als research applications, such as
plastics and elastomers, as well
as for pharmaceuticals, analyti-
cal chemistry, laboratory testing,
laminating and other applications,
including sample preparation.
(Wabash MPI/Carver)
www.wabashmpi.com
Electrical resistance tester
The EKT-2000RES electrical resistance tester method
describes the measurement of the electrical resistance between
the wheel and the conducting surface against which the tire
is loaded. Adjustable test voltage ranges from 40 V to 5,100
V by increments of 10 or 100 V. The tester measures 270 by
250 by 180 mm. Available accessories include data viewer Pro
PC software, a serial to parallel adapter, user manual, carrying
case, ohm probe and a rechargeable battery. Operating tem-
perature and humidity range from 0°C to approximately 40°C
at less than 80% RHD. (Ektron Tek)
www.ektrontek.com
tural mechanics and computational fluid dynamics, is used to
predict both the charge's deformation and flow behavior of
SMC, respectively.
To simulate the process, LS-Dyna, commercially avail-
able FEA software, integrated with Moldex3D can be
applied. The initial charge's shape, temperature, stress ten-
sor and anisotropic material property are first computed
by LS-Dyna; then, carrying those physical properties, the
deformed charge is exported to Moldex3D to continue the
compression molding analysis. The analysis results of flow
behavior and warpage show that the proposed integration
method can successfully simulate the complex behaviors of
SMC in compression molding. (CoreTech System Co., Ltd.)
www.moldex3d.com
 Suppliers Showcase Testing/Instruments

Rubber testing solutions Elastomer testing systems

Rubber and polymer testing solutions featured in the com-
pany's brochure include a moving die rheometer and rubber
process analyzer, a Mooney viscometer, laboratory presses,
sample cutters, bale cutters, laboratory information manage-
ment systems, upgrades and rebuilds, calibration service and
support, and systems for testing dispersion, hardness and
density, plasticity, compression set, abrasion and fatigue. The
extensive product range covers instruments for basic to high-
end testing applications in quality control, as well as research
and development, integrated laboratory software systems,
technical and calibration services, as well as world class
application support and consulting, according to the company.
The firm's testing solutions are engineered and manufactured
entirely in Germany according to the highest quality standards.
Products and services are available to customers in more than
53 countries worldwide with local support and assistance. All
of the company's products are either available in standard con-
figurations, or can be adapted and built according to individual
customer requests and requirements. (MonTech USA)
www.montechusa.com
Elastomer testing systems offered by the company include the
MV Mooney viscometer, Elastograph moving die rheometer,
Visco-Elastograph rubber process analyzer, a rubber capillary
rheometer, the Rheograph 120 high pressure capillary rheo-
meter, Rubberview software, and various options. In order to
fulfill the continuous increasing requirements regarding qual-
ity and consistency of rubber products, it is essential to make
a comprehensive characterization of the raw compound while
processing, according to the company. The most important
processing criteria for the final product are the flow and the
vulcanization behavior, as well as the filling agent distribution.
While testing these characteristics there should be differences
among the production accompanying testing and the testing
during the development phase; for example, to simulate appli-
cation dependent processes. The company's testing machinery
is said to be well suited for both testing applications, and is
said to meet industrial standards by its robust construction,
each with individual features, providing measuring reliability,
especially in continuous operation. The company's testing sys-
tems can be configured to specific needs. (Gਸ਼ttfert)

Environmental chambers
www.goettfert.com

Environmental chambers available from the company include

environmental test chambers, a temperature humidity chamber,
climatic chamber, ozone tester/ozone chamber, rain test cham-
ber, UV test chamber, walk-in chamber, xenon test chamber,
thermal shock chamber, ball spray tester and freezing tester. The
TESTING
company's environmental chamber is designed for testing the
capability of heat endurance, cold endurance, dryness endur-
ance and humidity endurance, and is suitable for quality control
INSTRUMENTS
for such industries as electrical equipment, vehicle, chemistry,
building materials, packaging, etc. The company is said to offer
a low price guarantee, efficient logistics, high level standards,
& APPLICATIONS
TO PROVIDE GLOBALLY EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE CUSTOM
and centralized service and support coordination. (Qualitest)
www.worldoftest.com SOLUTIONS FOR TESTING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Precision material analysis

Instruments and software are designed and manufactured to
deliver advanced precision rubber and elastomeric materials
analysis for production optimization and product compliance
solutions, according to the company. The firm's ISO 9001
registered and ISO 17025 accredited instruments measure the
dynamic, physical and processability characteristics of rubber 73 MAPLEHURST AVE., PROVIDENCE, RI 02908
and polymers. Product lines include material process analyz- PH: 401.331.5650
ers, rheometers, viscometers, dispersion analyzers, density and SALES@BENZTESTERS.COM
hardness testers, physical property testers, universal testers, WWW.BENZTESTERS.COM
sample cutters and laboratory information management sys-
tems. Models offered include the Premier RPA (rubber process
analyzer), Premier Mooney viscometer, Premier moving die
rheometer, Premier high capacity automation module, MDR-C
moving die rheometer, disperGrader aView precision dispersion
testing analyzer, and more. (Alpha Technologies)
www.alpha-technologies.com

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 81

 Suppliers Showcase
Laser mold cleaning
The MLC 500 by Laselec was developed by the company
in cooperation with a laser-specialized partner. The laser
technology is matched to the cleaning of industrial parts and
injection and compression molds for the
rubber and polymer processing markets.
This environmentally-friendly ecological
solution is said to guarantee a safe, opti-
mal, quick and reproducible cleaning with
low operating costs. The operator simply
loads the mold, clicks the start button and
the machine does the job. The company is
a global manufacturer of rubber injection molding machines
and related equipment. (Rep)
www.repinjection.com
Planetary mixer for testing
The company's testing facility for the specialty mixing indus-
try has added an advanced planetary mixer now available for
no-charge demonstrations. The four-gallon planetary dual
disperser (Model PDDM-4) is equipped with two high viscos-
ity blades and two high speed dispersers. All four agitators
rotate on their own axes while orbiting the vessel, ensuring
rapid powder wet-out and deagglomeration. It is designed for
vacuum operation and includes a jacketed mix vessel. The
mixer is said to be ideal for mixing thick slurries and highly-
filled pastes, and delivers excellent dispersion and uniformity
throughout a wide viscosity range up to around 2 million cen-
tipoise, according to the company. The PDDM-4 is one of
over 40 mixers and blenders showcased in the company's test
and development center. (Charles Ross & Son)
www.mixers.com
For additional equipment
information click here
http://www.rubberworld.com/equipment
82 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
Equipment
Rotary batch mixer
A rotary batch mixer with integral lump breaker is said to
provide inline deagglomeration of compacted bulk materials
before blending batches gently with total uniformity in one to
three minutes. Inline stacking of the low profile De-Clumper
model RDC-1515-SS atop the stationary inlet of the Model
700-TH-50-SS mixer is said to minimize headroom require-
ments, while eliminating the need for flexible connections or
hard piping between the units. Material entering the system
is de-lumped by dual rotors with three-point, single-piece,
stainless steel breaking heads rotating with minimum clear-
ance inside a curved, perforated bed screen. The synchronized
shafts rotate at 120 rpm to prevent heating and degrading of the
product. One-size material passes through bed screen apertures
which range from 1/16" to 2-1/2" (25 to 64 mm) in diameter,
immediately prior to entering the stationary inlet of the mixer.
As the mixer's horizontal drum rotates, proprietary mixing
flights tumble, turn, cut and fold the material, imparting mini-
mal energy to the batch, minimizing or eliminating degrada-
tion, according to the manufacturer. (Munson Machinery)
www.munsonmachinery.com
Rubber post-curing oven
The No. 860 is a 500°F (260°C) truck oven, currently used for
post-cure of rubber parts at the customer's facility. Workspace
dimensions of this oven measure 36" wide by 36" deep by
60" high. Nichrome wire heating elements
with 34.8 kW installed heat the workspace,
while a 2,000 cfm, 2 hp recirculating blow-
er provides horizontal airflow to the work-
load. This truck oven features 4" insulated
walls, a top-mounted heat chamber, an
aluminized steel interior and exterior, plus
double doors front and rear. Other features
include safety equipment for handling
flammable solvents, including explosion venting door hardware
and a 325 cfm powered forced exhauster. Controls on the No.
860 include a digital indicating temperature controller and a 10"
diameter circular chart recorder. (Grieve)
www.grievecorp.com
Shot peening machine
A precise shot peeing machine was completed for a cus-
tomer in the automotive/marine industry. This small footprint
machine is equipped with a spiral separator (media shape
separator) to ensure that the S-70 mil spec media are the cor-
rect spec shape to guarantee the intensity that is required to
adhere to AMS-2431/2E. In unison with the spiral separator,
a 24" vibrating screen classifier and 75/12 cyclone reclaimer
are used. There is a total of six suction blast guns, with two
utilizing individual pressure regulators. The custom fixture
incorporates a spring load feature that allows for seamless
loading/unloading. (Guyson)
www.guyson.com
 Materials

Liquid rubber for EPDM

Several liquid rubber grades that are suitable for EPDM
peroxide curing applications have been developed by the
company. Specifically, substituting LBR-361 for TAC as a
coagent will offer similar mechanical properties while reduc-
ing volatile organic compound (VOC) content, according to
the company. Possible applications include plumbing compo-
nents, since the company's liquid rubber/EPDM compounds
can meet local drinking water regulations. Also, LBR-361 is
said to improve compression set, which is beneficial for rub-
ber compounds used to produce automotive parts, hoses, etc.
LBR-361 is said to provide the optimum soft-elasticity ratio
described by hardness versus compression set. (Kuraray)
www.kuraray.com

Butadiene/acrylonitrile
Paracril NBR powder is supplied by the company. Nitrile rubber
is a polar elastomer that can be blended with other elastomers
and thermoplastics. The predominant thermoplastic blend with
NBR is with PVC. These two polymers form a miscible blend
which imparts ozone resistance to the NBR and flexibility to
the PVC. The NBR acts as a high molecular weight plasticizer
to replace the normal monomeric plasticizer used in PVC com-
pounds. This benefits the oil resistance, fuel resistance, tear
strength, abrasion and flex resistance, according to the company.
Since the NBR is not extractable versus the fugitive monomeric
plasticizer, it will remain after heat aging, oil and fuel immersion,
yielding better aged properties and low temperature performance
after aging. The lower level of monomeric plasticizer also is said
to reduce cracking of adjacent thermoplastics due to migration of
the monomeric plasticizer to the thermoplastic, which swells the
plastic, causing crazing. NBR powder is used in friction products
such as brake pads and clutch discs. (Dynasol Group)
www.dynasol.com

Polybutene products
Indopol polybutenes are non-drying synthetic hydrocarbon
polymers made by polymerization of C4 olefins (primarily
isobutene), and are available in a wide range of viscosities. By
controlling the polymerization conditions, polymer chains of
varying length are manufactured providing polybutene grades
with a unique set of physical properties, according to the com-
pany. Short chain-length polybutenes are characterized as low
viscosity fluids with free-flowing oil-like properties; medium
chain-length polybutenes are sticky with a honey-like consis-
tency; while those with the longest chain length are very tacky,
semi-solid materials. (Ineos Oligomers)
www.ineosoligomers.com

For additional materials

information click here
http://www.rubberworld.com/materials

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 83

 People in the News
Barna named president of Yokohama Tire
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America. Shinichi Takimoto, also a Yo- Jeff Barna Heiko Kasper Michael Spath Damien Harmon
NRKDPD 5XEEHU FRUSRUDWH R൶FHU ZDV Yokohama Tire BBG BBG Bridgestone
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0H[LFR6GH5/GH&9 curement and supply chain management VXEVLGLDU\(QJHO,WDOLD
platform for precision parts production. Randy Breaux was promoted to
MANAGEMENT executive vice president of marketing,

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ery and systems, has changed the struc- Bruce Besancon was named vice presi- repair and operation replacement parts.
ture and management of its mold making
division to enable international growth.
Heiko Kasper is the head of the mold
PDNLQJGLYLVLRQ.DVSHULVVXSSRUWHGE\
Michael Spath, who has taken on the
role of head of the mold manufacturing
department.
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rubber latex, appointed Steven Rotman
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of the board of directors. William Doyle,
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development consultant and has relin-
quished his seat on the board of directors.
Damien Harmon was named presi-
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stone Americas. Harmon succeeds John
Vasuta, who was named senior vice
president, global sales, Firestone Build-
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Gordon Kropp and Stephen Co-
burn have joined the supply chain and
customer service team of Sea-Land
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and customer service specialist, respec-
WLYHO\ 6HD/DQG &KHPLFDO LV D 
employee-owned distributor of specialty
chemicals.
-H൵%HUZLFN, Simon Cocking, Peter
M. Moricz and Steven Sprague have
been named advisory board members
84 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018
GHQW RI R൵WKHURDG 275 VDOHV IRU
<RNRKDPD 7LUH Dan Funkhouser was
promoted to vice president of commer-
cial sales. Larry Kull has accepted the
role of vice president of consumer sales
IRU<RNRKDPD7LUH Andrew Zeisser is
QRZYLFHSUHVLGHQWRI2(0VDOHVIRUWKH
company. Fardad Nikman was promot-
ed to senior director of consumer product
planning and product marketing for Yo-
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Jim McCrary KDV MRLQHG 7DKRPD
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the company.
LaTres Jarrett was named director
of marketing, Bandag, for Bridgestone
Americas. Bridgestone’s Bandag busi-
ness is dedicated to the research, devel-
opment and manufacturing of premium
retreads.
Matteo Terragni is taking over the
Dan Funkhouser LaTres Jarrett
Yokohama Tire Bridgestone/Bandag
Kevin Storer was promoted to execu-
tive vice president of U.S. operations and
SUHVLGHQWRI0L0H[LFRDQGZLOOPDLQ-
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Mark Stoneburner was promoted to
senior vice president of industry seg-
ments and business development.
RETIREES
0HVQDF&KLQDDQQRXQFHGWKHUHWLUHPHQW
of P. David JonesDVSUHVLGHQWRI0HVQDF
Americas Ltd. Jones spent 50 years in
the tire industry in a variety of leadership
positions in several countries, including
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DQG1RUWK$PHULFD+HMRLQHG0HVQDFLQ
2011 following the acquisition of Wyko
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jointly owned by Jones and Ian Smith.
Matteo Terragni Randy Breaux
Engel Italia Motion Industries
 People in the News
The Tire Industry Association an-
nounced that senior technical consultant,
Marvin BozarthZLOOR൶FLDOO\UHWLUHDW
WKH XSFRPLQJ  2൵7KH5RDG 7LUH
Conference next month. Bozarth has
been with TIA since 1990 and has served
as the executive director of the American
Retreaders Association and International
Tire and Rubber Association from 1991-
2002.
ASSOCIATIONS
Anne Forristall Luke, president and
CEO of the U.S. Tire Manufacturers As-
sociation, has been elected to serve on
the National Association of Manufactur-
ers’ (NAM) Council of Manufacturing
Association’s (CMA) board of direc-
tors. Made up of more than 260 industry
VSHFL¿F PDQXIDFWXULQJ DVVRFLDWLRQV WKH
CMA is said to be a powerful assembly
of manufacturers and a vital arm of the
NAM. The CMA’s mission is improving
the competitiveness of manufacturers in
the United States.
AWARDS
The International Institute of Synthetic
Rubber Producers (IISRP) will honor
Visit Us At The Show
Kevin Storer Mark Stoneburner
Motion Industries Motion Industries
one of its outstanding leaders at its next
Annual General Meeting (AGM). Bruno
Pary, retired from ExxonMobil, will
be the recipient of the prestigious Gen-
eral Award, to be presented during the
IISRP’s 59th AGM in Madrid, Spain,
during the week of May 7. Pary has had
a successful career of more than 35 years
in the synthetic rubber industry, as well
as being a promoter of its growth and de-
velopment. Pary is a chemical engineer
(Lyon), earned a doctorate in polymers
at the Pierre and Marie Curie University
(Paris), and a business degree from the
IAE Paris. Pary is currently an Interna-
tional Fellow of the University of Akron
Research Foundation. In this position, he
supports a number of initiatives aimed at
the commercialization of technologies
developed in the Ohio Business Incuba-
July 2-5, 2018, the international rubber and
elastomer industry will meet for the
German Rubber Conference DKT 2018 in
Nuremberg.
FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld
P. David Jones Bruno Pary
Mesnac Americas IISRP
tor. Among the most promising technolo-
gies is the 3D Dandelion project, dealing
with the industrialization of alternative
natural rubber production.
Steve Maguire, founder of Maguire
Products, has been elected to the Plas-
tics Hall of Fame. Maguire Products
was founded in 1977, when Maguire
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tion, a peristaltic pump for dispensing
liquid colors. Since then, Maguire has
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control for plastics auxiliary equipment,
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processors, etc. The Maguire weigh scale
blender was introduced in 1989 as the
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tem for precisely controlling the compo-
sition of a raw material blend.
85
Classifieds
In a world where Neoprene
needs 560 Highway 44
are expanding Tire engineering and
specialty tire manufacturing.
LaPlace, LA70068
MESGO expands ISO-registered custom
1 985-536-7400
Sales@denka-pe.com
mixing, calendering and
solutions www.mesgo.it gum calendering processes.
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Microwave curing for

increased production of
extrusions
203-855-8755 cober.com

Manufacturer of Rubber TESTING INSTRUMENTS

Flooring and Related & APPLICATIONS
Components
OpSRUWXQLW\WRDFTXLUHUXEEHUÀRRULQJPDQXIDFWXUHU%DVHGLQ 73 MAPLEHURST AVE.
the Northeastern United States, the Company is a manufacturer of PROVIDENCE, RI 02908
PH: 401.331.5650
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If you are interested, contact Charles Deutchman Elastomers. Buy
RI6KDUHG0DQDJHPHQW5HVRXUFHV/WG online at
DW&GHXWFKPDQ#VKUPJWUHVFRP www.rubberworld.com
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Blue Book
Materials, compounding ingredients, machinery and services for the rubber industry.
RUBBER
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Celebrating 129 years of service to the worldwide rubber industry A Lippincott and Peto Publication
BOOK
A Lippincott & Peto Publication

86 RUBBERWORLD.COM ‡ JANUARY 2018

Classifieds
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SPRINTER MARKING
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Offering a full
range of ink code- Rubber Hardness Testers
marking machines. AFLAS Fluoroelastomers
Shore A Normal rubber
FEPM SERIES: 100, 150 and Latex grades Asker C Soft rubber & sponge
Quick drying inks for high strength, general purpose use,
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sales@ polymericsinc.com - www.polymericsinc.com
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paul@allchem-inc.com Web: www.3ninc.com Email: info@3ninc.com

FOLLOW US ON TWITTER @rubberworld 87

 Index To Advertisers
3N International, Inc. (www.3ninc.com) .............................................................87
AGC Chemicals Americas (www.agcchem.com) ...........................................87
AirBoss Rubber Compounding
(www.airbossofamerica.com) ............................................................. 2nd cover
Akron Rubber Development Laboratory, Inc.
(ARDL) (www.ardl.com) ......................................................................................45
Allchem (www.allchem-inc.com) .........................................................................87
APV Engineered Coatings (www.apvcoatings.com) .............................. 87, 88b
Benz (www.benztesters.com) ........................................................................81, 86
Cober Microwave (www.cober.com) ......................................................................86
Corporate Consulting, Service & Instruments, Inc.
(www.ccsi-inc.com) ..........................................................................................83
Denka Performance Elastomer LLC (sales@denka-pe.com) ...................... 86
Elastocon (www.elastocon.com) ......................................................................82
Endurica (www.endurica.com) ..........................................................................20
Gerlach Inc. (www.gerlachinc.com) ..................................................................85
Gomaplast Machinery, Inc. (www.gomaplast.com)..........................................21
H&R Group US, Inc. (www.hur.com) ...................................................... 4th cover
Harwick Standard Distribution (www.harwick.com) ...................................... 13
HB Chemical (www.hbchemical.com) ....................................................... 7, 9, 71
Holly Frontier Lubricants & Specialty Products
(www.hollyfrontierlsp.com) .................................................................................. 2
Hoosier Custom Manufacturing
(www.hoosiertirecustommfg.com) ......................................................................86
Hotlinks Directory (www.rubberworld.com) ................................................76, 77
Hoto Instruments (www.hoto-instruments.com) ................................................87
Imerys Graphite & Carbon (www.imerys-graphite-carbon.com) ..................88e
Interbusiness USA, Inc. (www.interbusinessgroup.com) ...................... 87, 88a
Kenrich (www.4kenrich.com) ............................................................................86
Lianda (www.liandacorp.com) ...........................................................................73
LM Containers (www.lmcontainers.com).........................................................87
Marvel Consultants (www.marvelconsultants.com) .........................................87
Mesgo Compounding Solutions (www.mesgo.it) ..................................86 , 88h
McLube, Division of McGee Industries (www.mclube.com) ................ 87, 88d
Micro Poise Measurement Systems (www.micropoise.com) ..........................6
MonTech (www.montechusa.com) ...................................................................19
Nerpco USA LLC (www.nerpcousa.com) .........................................................18
Polymerics (www.polymerics.com) ....................................................................87
Qualitest (www.worldoftest.com) ........................................................................8
Release Coatings of New York, Inc. (www.rcony.com) ..................................87
REP (www.repinjection.com) ................................................................................87
Rex Gauge Company, Inc. (www.rexgauge.com) ................................... 72, 76
Rubber Division, ACS (www.rubber.org) ......................................................70, 74
Shared Management Resources, Ltd. (www.shrmgtres.com) .....................86
Smithers Rapra (www.smithersrapra.com) .....................................................77
Sprinter Marking (www.sprintermarking.com) ..........................................87, 88c
Starrett Bytewise (www.starrett.com/bytewise) ........................................ 10, 11
Struktol Company of America (www.struktol.com) ............................................1
TA Instruments (www.tainstruments.com) .........................................15, 77, 88f
TechnoBiz (www.technobiz-asia.com) ...........................................85, 3rd cover
Vanderbilt Chemicals (www.vanderbiltchemicals.com) .................................88g
VMI (www.vmi-group.com) .....................................................................................5

Rubber World
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DENNIS J. KENNELLY UTPAL PAUL
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Email: dennis@rubberworld.com Email: u_paul2002@yahoo.co.in

MIKE DIES RINGIER TRADE PUBLISHING

Sales Representative East China - VIVIAN SHANG
1741 Akron-Peninsula Rd. Phone: +86-21 6289-5533 EXT 169
Akron, OH 44313-5157 vivian@ringiertrade.com
Ph: 330-864-2122 - Fx: 330-864-5298
Email: mike@rubberworld.com North China and South China - MAGGIE LIU
Phone: +86-20 8732-3316 EXT 9332
ANDRE JAMAR maggieliu@ringiertrade.com
International Marketing Consultant
Avenue Nicolai 49 A / Bte 4 Hong Kong - MIKE HAY
4802 Heusy Phone: +852 2369 8788 ext 11
Belgium mchhay@ringier.com.hk
Ph: +32(0)-87-225385 Taiwan - KELLY WONG
Mobile: + 32(0)-496-510513 Phone: +886 4 2329 7318
Email: andrejamar1@gmail.com wangyujung@ringier.com.hk

88 RUBBERWORLD.COM • JANUARY 2018

SPRINTER MARKING
Offering a full range of ink codemarking machines.

Quick drying inks in a range

of colors are stocked to
support machine sales.

Mark:
Porous/Non-porous
Stationary/Moving
Flat/Curved

On:
Rubber/Plastic
Metal/Glass
Paper/Cardboard
Flexible/Rigid
Films/Belts

www.SprinterMarking.com
Ph: (740) 453-1000
 Polymers

E
CTIV
TIVE ONDU
DUC A -C
CON LACK EXTR N BLACK
A R B ON B A R B O
C C

ENSACO 250G ENSACO 350G

® ®

TIMCAL Carbon Black TIMCAL Carbon Black

• Electrical conductivity • Electrical conductivity booster

• Easy-dispersion • UHF curing booster
• High purity • Low marking
• Low cure inhibition • Low PAH
• Low Moisture Uptake
• Low PAH

For automotive fuel hoses, transmission and conveyor belts,

power cable accessories, rollers, profiles, seals, shoe soles, curing membranes...
Suitable for all rubber types including VMQ and FKM.

imerys-graphite-and-carbon.com
 Powerful
RPA technology
The RPA elite is part of the new line of rubber testing products from TA Instruments
and is backed by our world-renowned, global, direct support network.

• Proprietary transducer technology for the widest range of

measurements and dramatically improved accuracy

• Direct drive motor that provides precise and repeatable strain–

improving sample-to-sample repeatability

• Powerful new software, that also controls competitive instruments,

provides automated statistical analyses,
and integrates seamlessly into LIMS systems.

• Widest range of testing modes including:

• Strain & Frequency sweeps
• Isothermal and non-isothermal curing
• Stress relaxation
• Non-linear and advanced oscillation
measurements

• Variable sealing pressure and sample pressure

measurements

rubber.tainstruments.com

Rubber World full page 7x10.indd 1 7/9/15 1:39 PM

 TechnoBiz TRAINING
RUBBER TECHNOLOGY Calendar 2018
WWW.RUBBER-INDUSTRY.ORG

Date Training Topic Location Date Training Topic Location

DEUTSCHE Kautschuk-Technik Trainings Woche 2018 5-7 June 18 Rubber Compounding & Processing Vienna,
Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English Austria
5-6 Feb 18 Mischungsentwicklung und Verarbeitung von
Elastomeren: Vom Auftrag bis zum Produkt.
Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: German
24-25 July 18 Rubber Mixing and Property Improvement
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English Dallas,
5 Feb 18 Moderne Klebstoffe und Ihre Anwendung Texas, USA
26 July 18 Rubber Reinforcement with Fillers
Instructor: Dr. Juergen Finter Language: German
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English
6 Feb 18 Die Vulkanisation und Vulkanisations- Mechanismen. Schlüchtern,
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: Germany 3-4 Sept 18 Rubber Vulcanization - Science and Practice
7 Feb 18 Versuchsplan - Technik in Material- Entwicklung Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English Ann Arbor,
5-7 Sept 18 Rubber Compounding & Processing Michigan,
und Fertigung von Gummi. USA
Instructor: Hans-Joachim Graf Language: German Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
7 Feb 18 Verstärkung von Elastomeren mit Füllstoffen 6-7 Sept 18 Rubber Engineering and Product Failure Analysis Kuala Lumpur,
Instructor: Robert Schuster Language: German Instructor: Karthik Srinivas Language: English Malaysia
12-14 Feb 18 Compression Molding of Rubber
Instructor: Van Walworth Language: English Bengaluru, Europe Rubber Processing Training Week 2018
12-14 Feb 18 Tyre Technology India 8-9 Oct 18 Rubber Compounding Principles
Instructor: Dr. Majumdar & V. Rao Language: English Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
10 Oct 18 Rubber Compound Formulation – Optimization &
GRTE 2018 – Rubber Technology Courses Case Studies
Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
13-15 Mar 18 Applied Rubber Technology
Instructor: Thailand Rubber Experts Language: Thai 11 Oct 18 Practical Rubber Rheology Strassburg,
13 Mar 18 Rubber Reinforcement with Carbon Black and Silica
Instructor: TBC Language: English France
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English 11 Oct 18 Rubber to Metal Bonding
Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
13 Mar 18 Rubber Compounding Formulation - Case Studies
Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English 12 Oct 18 Rubber Extrusion
Instructor: TBC Language: English
13 Mar 18 Reverse Engineering and Life Prediction of Rubber
Products 12 Oct 18 Rubber Injection Molding
Instructor: Dr. Raj Kumar Language: English Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English

13 Mar 18 Compression Rubber Molding

Instructor: Van Walworth Language: English Africa Rubber Processing Training Week 2018
14 Mar 18 Rubber Vulcanization - Science and Practice Bangkok, 19 Nov 18 Rubber Compounding Principles
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English Thailand Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
15 Mar 18 Rubber Testing & Quality Control for Process 19 Nov 18 Rubber Vulcanization - Science and Practice
Improvement Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English
15 Mar 18 Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English 19 Nov 18 Rubber Technology for Non-Technologists Johannesburg,
Physical and Chemical Testing of Rubber Products Instructor: Terry Chapin Language: English
South Africa
15 Mar 18 Instructor: Dr. Raj Kumar Language: English 20 Nov 18 Rubber Testing and Quality Control
Applied Latex Technology Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English
15 Mar 18 Instructor: Prof. CC Ho Language: English 20 Nov 18 Rubber Molding Technology
Rubber Injection Molding Instructor: Terry Chapin Language: English
16 Mar 18 Instructor: Van Walworth Language: English 21 Nov 18 Rubber Reinforcement with Fillers
Specialty Rubbers Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English
16 Mar 18 Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English 21 Nov 18 Master Class for Rubber Chemists
Rubber Extrusion Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
16 Mar 18 Instructor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English
Specialized Rubber Mold Design Techniques India Rubber Processing Training Week 2018
Instructor: Van Walworth Language: English
3 Dec 17 Synthetic Rubbers - Types, Properties and Selection
16-18 Apr 18 Rubber Compounding & Processing Jakarta, Instructor: Dr. Samir Majumdar Language: English
Instructor: Hans-Joachim Graf Language: English Indonesia 4 Dec 17 Rubber Chemicals – Types, Properties and Selection
Instructor: Dr. Samir Majumdar Language: English Bengaluru,
15-16 May 18 Rubber Vulcanization - Science and Practice Kraków, India
5 Dec 17 EPDM Compounding & Processing
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English Poland Instructor: Dr. Samir Majumdar Language: English
28-29 May 18 Rubber Mixing and Property Improvement Hiedelberg, 6-7 Dec17 Rubber Injection Molding
Instructor: Prof. Robert Schuster Language: English Germany Instructor: Van Walworth Language: English

Contact Address 2521/27, Lardprao Road, Khlongchaokhunsingha

Wangthonglang, Bangkok 10310 Thailand
Peram Prasada Rao, Executive Director Tel: +66-2-933 0077 WHATSAPP / LINE / WECHAT:
TechnoBiz Communications Co., Ltd. Fax: +66-2-955 9971 +66-89-489 0525
Email: peram@technobiz-asia.com
Web: www.technobiz-group.com
Negozone ®

Industry benchmark for

anti ozone waxes for the
tire and rubber industry

Tudalen 5138 US ®

Industry standard for (RAE)

high viscous plasticizers

Vivatec ®

Industry standard for high

performance label free
plasticizers (MES, TDAE)

Hansen & Rosenthal is the Producer of Anti Ozone Waxes and Plasticizers

H&R 'ROUP53
"RIARPARK$RIVE
3UITE
(OUSTON48
Tel + 
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E-mail: SALESAMERICA@hur.com
www.hur.com